marine resistivity: a tool for characterizing sediment zones

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Marine Resistivity: Marine Resistivity: a Tool for a Tool for Characterizing Characterizing Sediment Zones Sediment Zones

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Page 1: Marine Resistivity: a Tool for Characterizing Sediment Zones

Marine Resistivity: Marine Resistivity: a Tool for a Tool for

Characterizing Characterizing Sediment ZonesSediment Zones

Page 2: Marine Resistivity: a Tool for Characterizing Sediment Zones

MotivationMotivation Beach NourishmentBeach Nourishment

Large Scale FeaturesLarge Scale Features Sand vs. claySand vs. clay

from USACE Philadelphia (2003)

Page 3: Marine Resistivity: a Tool for Characterizing Sediment Zones

ProblemProblem VibracoreVibracore

Large area Large area lots of lots of samplessamples

Heterogeneities Heterogeneities lots of sampleslots of samples

Could a geophysical Could a geophysical method guide point method guide point measurements?measurements?

From Waldner et al. (2008)

Page 4: Marine Resistivity: a Tool for Characterizing Sediment Zones

Geophysical MethodsGeophysical Methods

SeismicSeismic Reflections due to different wave Reflections due to different wave

velocitiesvelocities Identify geologic structuresIdentify geologic structures

C15

2

C78

1

Dep

th (

ms)

25

0

50

Sea Surface

WaterBottomSeismic Line 350

1km

From Waldner et al. (2008)

Page 5: Marine Resistivity: a Tool for Characterizing Sediment Zones

Geophysical MethodsGeophysical Methods

ResistivityResistivity Responds to electrical conductivity of Responds to electrical conductivity of

sedimentsediment Map sediment type directly based on resultsMap sediment type directly based on results

Bedrock Clay

From Heaney (2007)

Page 6: Marine Resistivity: a Tool for Characterizing Sediment Zones

ResistivityResistivity How materials conduct electricityHow materials conduct electricity

Current is injected into the groundCurrent is injected into the ground Measure changes in electric potential Measure changes in electric potential

From Peake (2005)

Page 7: Marine Resistivity: a Tool for Characterizing Sediment Zones

ResistivityResistivity

Potential Targets Potential Targets PorosityPorosity Pore fluid Pore fluid

conductivityconductivity LithologyLithology

From http://earthnet-geonet.ca

21 1 1

w s

a b

From Rhoades et al. (1976).

Page 8: Marine Resistivity: a Tool for Characterizing Sediment Zones

Terrestrial Resistivity Terrestrial Resistivity ApplicationsApplications

Groundwater Groundwater explorationexploration

Pollution monitoringPollution monitoring Void detectionVoid detection

From agiusa.com

Archeological Archeological surveyssurveys

Borehole loggingBorehole logging Dam investigationsDam investigations

Page 9: Marine Resistivity: a Tool for Characterizing Sediment Zones

Towed Resistivity Towed Resistivity SurveysSurveys

Rapid data Rapid data collectioncollection ~3 km/hr~3 km/hr

Electrodes at Electrodes at water surfacewater surface ~ 30 m ~ 30 m

penetration penetration

Page 10: Marine Resistivity: a Tool for Characterizing Sediment Zones

Towed Resistivity ResultsTowed Resistivity Results

20

10

0

20

0

10

9180 9200 9220 9240 9260

Distance (m)

C7

81

2360 2380 2400 2420 244020

10

0

Distance (m)

Dep

th (m

)

20

0

10

C1

52

C7

81

C1

52

Water

SandWater

Clay0.5

0.6

0.8

0.9

1.1

1.2

1.3

1

Near Clay Core Near Sand Core

From Waldner et al. (2008)

Page 11: Marine Resistivity: a Tool for Characterizing Sediment Zones

Towed Resistivity ResultsTowed Resistivity Results

Resistivity in ohm-m

Page 12: Marine Resistivity: a Tool for Characterizing Sediment Zones

Ohm-m

Towed Resistivity ResultsTowed Resistivity Results

Page 13: Marine Resistivity: a Tool for Characterizing Sediment Zones

SummarySummary Towed resistivityTowed resistivity

Responds directly to lithology/clay contentResponds directly to lithology/clay content Rapid data collection supplements vibracoreRapid data collection supplements vibracore

GoalsGoals Refine/expand existing borrow areasRefine/expand existing borrow areas Map changes between existing vibracoreMap changes between existing vibracore Guide placement of future vibracoreGuide placement of future vibracore