marine biology project

Win Sinor

Period 1

Marine BiologyFish IdentificationResearch Project

…enjoy

Title: Freshwater Fishes Species #: 1

Common Name: Piranha

Scientific Name: Pygocentrus nattereriKingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii Order: Characiformes

Family: Characidae Genus: Pygocentrus

Geography / Habitat: Whitewater streams, South America

Life Strategy: bowl-shaped nests in sediment, circular courtship ritual

Food / Feed Strategy: extremely aggressive

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: subcarangiform Mouth Position: Superior

Citation: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/piranha

Title: Freshwater Species #: 2

Common Name: Oscar

Scientific Name: Astronotus ocellatusKingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii Order: Perciformes

Family: Cichlidae Genus: Astronotus

Geography / Habitat: Amazon River Basin, slow moving white-water

Life Strategy: mates pair up, lay 1,000-3,000 eggs on flat surface

Food / Feed Strategy: eats anything that fits in its mouth, although not aggressive except in mating rituals

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: superior

Citation: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/oscar


Common Name: Black Bullhead Catfish

Scientific Name: Ameiurus melasKingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata


Family: Cichlidae Genus: Ameiurus

Geography / Habitat: Very tolerant

Life Strategy: Nocturnal nest brooder

Food / Feed Strategy: Ostracods, Amphipods,Copepods, insects/larvae. Carnivorous

Body Form or Style: Bottom Rover Swim / Locomotion Style: subcarangiform Mouth Position: Inferior

Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_bullhead

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_bullhead

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ameiurus_melas_by_Duane_Raver.png


Common Name: Freshwater Drum

Scientific Name: Aplodinotus grunniensKingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii Order: Percoidei

Family: Sciaenidae Genus: Aplodinotus

Geography / Habitat: Slack currents and backwaters, large rivers or lakes, Hudson Bay to Guatemala

Life Strategy: lays floating eggs seasonally. Nocturnal schooling fish

Food / Feed Strategy: predators, search bottom in schools

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freshwater_drum


Common Name: Archerfish

Scientific Name: Toxotes chatareusKingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii Order: Ostariophysi

Family: Siluriformes Genus: Toxotes

Geography / Habitat: Australia, India, Malasia, Thailand, and Vietnam

Life Strategy: Peaceful egglayer

Food / Feed Strategy: shoots insects above water with a quick, powerful jet of water

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: subcarangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Ciation: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/common_archer


Common Name: Bleeding Heart Tetra

Scientific Name: Hyphessobrycon erythrostigmaClass: Actinopterygii Order: Characiformes

Family: Characidae Genus: Hyphessobrycon

Species: erythrostigma

Geography / Habitat: dense vegetation, inland tropical rivers/ streams, Amazon River Basin

Life Strategy: Spawn, then drop eggs and leave

Food / Feed Strategy: wide variety – crustaceans, insects, etc.


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bleeding_heart_tetra

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bleeding_heart_tetra


Common Name: Black Bullhead Catfish

Scientific Name: Ameiurus melas

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata


Family: Centrarchidae

Geography / Habitat: Very tolerant

Life Strategy: Nocturnal.

Food / Feed Strategy: insects/larvae.


Citation en.wikipedia.org/wiki/black_bullhead

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ameiurus_melas_by_Duane_Raver.png


Common Name: Longnose gar

Scientific Name: Lepisosteus osseusKingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii Order: Semionotiformes

Family: Lepisosteidae Genus: Lepisosteus

Geography / Habitat: Sluggish water in large lakes and rivers, Eastern U.S.

Life Strategy: No raising of young. female selects mate from up to 15 males

Food / Feed Strategy: Piscivorous; shad, bluegill, bullheads

Body Form or Style: Sagittiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Citation: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/longnose_gar


Common Name: Channel Catfish

Scientific Name: Ictalurus punctatuKingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii Order: Siluriformes

Family: Ictaluridae Genus: Ictalurus

Geography / Habitat: varying depths, but during day hide in holes, moving or standing water, lower Canada and Midwest U.S.

Life Strategy: monogamous, long mating ritual

Food / Feed Strategy: taste buds all over body, one large mouth. Eats snails, algae, snakes, frogs, insects, aquatic plants, and birds sometimes


Citation: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/channel_catfish


Common Name: White Bass

Scientific Name: Morone chrysops

Geography / Habitat: unvegetated, open, large bodies of water in north america

Life Strategy: Dense schooling. random fertilization

Food / Feed Strategy: eats perch, shad, carp, bullheads, and others

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Superior

Citation:en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_bass



Family: Sciaenidae Genus: Morone


Common Name: Blue Ram

Scientific Name: Mikrogeophagus ramirezi

Geography / Habitat: South American Streams

Life Strategy: muscular, but not agressive

Food / Feed Strategy: Crustaceans, fish, insects

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: chordata


Family: Cichlidae

Citation: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/blue_ram


Common Name: Emperor Tetra

Scientific Name: Nematobrycon palmeri

Geography / Habitat: Pelagic rivers, Western Colombia, S. America

Life Strategy: long spawning, external fertilization. One egg spawned at a time. No guarding of eggs, but may eat

Food / Feed Strategy: omnivore


Citation: http://freshaquarium.about.com/od/tetras/p/emperortetra.htm



Family: Characidae Genus: Nematobrycon


Common Name: Grass Pickerel

Scientific Name: Esox americanus

Geography / Habitat: clear lakes, slow waters, Atlantic coast of N. America

Life Strategy: Solitary and aggressively predaceous unless spawning

Food / Feed Strategy: Insects, other fishes, crustaceans


Class: Actinopterygii Order: Esociformes

Family: Esocidae Genus: Esox

Citation:


Common Name: Betta

Scientific Name: Betta Splendens

Geography / Habitat: Asian Swamps


Class: Actinopterygii Order: perciformes

Family: osphronemidae

Life Strategy: colors attract mates

Food / Feed Strategy: zooplankton and mosquito larvae, carnivorous



Common Name: Jewel Cichlid

Scientific Name: Hemichromis bimaculatus

Geography / Habitat: West African, Middle Eastern, S. American streams and rivers

Life Strategy: eggs defended aggressively

Food / Feed Strategy: insects, crustaceans


Citation: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/jewel_chichild


Class: Actinopterygii Class: Actinopterygii

Family: Cichlidaes Family: Cichlidaes


Common Name: Pacu

Scientific Name: Piaractus mesopotamicus

Geography / Habitat: Paraguay

Life Strategy: solitary

Food / Feed Strategy: fruit, nuts seeds that fall into the water



Family: Characidae Genus: Piaractus

Citation: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/pacu


Common Name: Kenyi

Scientific Name: Pseudotropheus lombardoi

Geography / Habitat: rocky shores, Mbenji Island, Lake Malawi

Life Strategy: aggressive

Food / Feed Strategy: Omnivorous,



Family: Cichlidae Family: Cichlidae

Citation: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/kenyi


Common Name: Muskellunge

Scientific Name: Esox masquinongy

Geography / Habitat: North American rivers and lakes, clear water

Life Strategy: loners or loose packs, random spawning, no nests

Food / Feed Strategy: fish, frogs, ducklings, mice


Citation: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muskellunge



Family: Esocidae Family: Esocidae


Common Name: Largemouth Bass

Scientific Name: Micropterus Salmoldes



Family: Centrarchidae

Geography / Habitat: Native to North America. Seeks protective cover. Prefers calm water, but will survive well in many different habitats

Life Strategy: to survive and mate

Food / Feed Strategy: hide and wait for prey to pass by and inhale strongly. The prey is drawn into the mouth.

Body Form or Style: compressiform

Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform Mouth Position: gape and suck

Citation: http://www.tpwd.state.tx.us/huntwild/wild/species/lmb/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Largemouth_basshttp://www.umpquavalleybassmasters.com/bassbook.htm


Common Name: Guadalupe Bass

Scientific Name: Micropterus



Family: Centarchidae

Geography / Habitat: exclusive to the Guadalupe river in texas

Life Strategy: survive and mate

Food / Feed Strategy: strong inclination towards insects

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Gape and Suck

Citation:http://www.yourfishingtipconnection.com/my_files/images/Redeye_Bass.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micropterus_treculii


Common Name: Shoal Bass

Scientific Name: Micropterus cataractae




Geography / Habitat: Native to Florida and Georgia.

Life Strategy: Survive and mate

Food / Feed Strategy: feeds mainly on insects on surface of water. Also feeds on larvae, crayfish and fish.

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: CARANGIFORM Mouth Position: Gape and Suck

Citation: http://www.landbigfish.com/images/fish/LBF_ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micropterus_cataractaeshoal_bass.jpg


Common Name: Smallmouth Bass

Scientific Name: Micropterus dolomieu




Geography / Habitat: streams, rivers, lakes, sandy bottoms of lakes. Intolerant of pollution, it is a good indicator of water qualityLife Strategy: to survive and mateFood / Feed Strategy: crayfish, insects, smaller fish and zooplankton


Citation:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smallmouth_bass


Common Name: Redeye Bass

Scientific Name: Micropterus Coosae




Geography / Habitat: Select rivers in south Carolina and north Carolina and the south east


Food / Feed Strategy: insects, smaller fish, crustaceans


Citation:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redeye_bass

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:TypicalRedeyeBassCoosaRiverNorthGeorgia.jpg


Common Name: Spotted Bass





Geography / Habitat: Mississippi river basin, has been introduced to southern Africa

Life Strategy: Survive and mate

Food / Feed Strategy: feeds on inscts, crustaceans, frogs, annelid worms, and smaller fish

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Micropterus_punctulatus.jpg

Mouth Position: Gape and Suck

Citation:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spotted_bass

Title: freshwater Species #: 25

Common Name: Suwannee Bass





Geography / Habitat: native to only the Suwannee river and the Ochlockonee River


Food / Feed Strategy: insects, smaller fish, and crustaceans


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micropterus_notius

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Micropterus_notius.jpg


Common Name: Adolfo’s Cory

Scientific Name: Corydoras adolfoi

Geography / Habitat: south america

Life Strategy: travels in schools

Food / Feed Strategy: bottom feeder


CITATION: http://www.tropicalfishkeeping.com/profiles/false-adolfo-cory/Citation


Class: Actinopthyidae Order: Ostariophysi

Family: Callichthyidae


Common Name: Pirate Perch

Scientific Name: Aphredoderus sayanus

Geography / Habitat: Clear warm water with low currents in North America

Life Strategy: solitary and vicious

Food / Feed Strategy: immature insects, small crustaceans, small fish


Class: Actinopterygii Order: Percopsiformes

Family: Aphredoderidae Genus: Aphredoderus


Common Name: Sheatfish

Scientific Name: Silurus glanis

Geography / Habitat: Eastern Europe; large lakes, mud bottoms, especially near dams

Life Strategy: Males guard eggs where female lays

Food / Feed Strategy: mollusks, crustaceans, birds, voles, and snakes

Body Form or Style: Taeniform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Citation: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silurus_glanis



Family: Siluridae Genus: Silurus

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Som.jpg


Common Name: Electric Blue Johanii

Scientific Name: Melanochromis Johanni

Geography / Habitat: Lake Malawi

Life Strategy: aggressive and territorial

Food / Feed Strategy: Plants



Family: Cichlidae

Citation: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_johanii

Title: Freshwater Species #:30

Common Name: African Glass Catfish

Scientific Name: Pareutropius buffei

Geography / Habitat: riverbanks and floodplains

Life Strategy: calm, lives in groups

Food / Feed Strategy: bottom-feeders



Family: Siluriformes


Common Name: White Perch

Scientific Name: Morone americana

Geography / Habitat: Lakes and reservoirs along Atlantic coast

Life Strategy: Use creeks and small rivers as nursery for juveniles. Reside in bottom of large lakes during winter

Food / Feed Strategy: Carnivorous, mainly piscivorous. Also fish eggs, insects, crustaceans


Citation: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/white_perch



Family: Sciaenidae Genus: Morone


Common Name: Burbot

Scientific Name: Lota lota

Geography / Habitat: Deep lakes or slow-moving river bottoms

Life Strategy: migrate to shallow waster for spawning, wintertime

Food / Feed Strategy: Piscovores


Class: Actinopterygii Order: Gadiformes

Family: Lotidae

Citation: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burbot


Common Name: Common Hatchetfish

Scientific Name: Gasteropelecus sternicla

Geography / Habitat: Surface-dweller, likes vegetated shores, but ventures out when schooled

Life Strategy: Hydroplanes out of water to avoid predators. breed during rainy season

Food / Feed Strategy: primarily insects and larvae



Common Name: Alligator gar


Family: Gasteropelecidae Genus: Gasteropelecus


Scientific Name: Lepisosteus osseus

Geography / Habitat: lakes, rivers in southeast U.S.


Food / Feed Strategy: carnivore. predatory



Class: Actinopterygii Order: semionotiformes

Family: lepisosteidae


Common Name: Florida gar

Scientific Name: Lepisosteus platyrhincus

Geography / Habitat: Lowland streams or lakes, muddy bottoms, abundant vegetation. Florida and some nearby areas

Life Strategy: Travel in groups

Food / Feed Strategy: eats fish, shrimp, and crayfish


Citation:en.wikipedia.org/wiki/florida_gar


Class: Actinopterygii Order: Semionotiformes

Family: Lepisosteidae Genus: Lepisosteus


Common Name: Peacock Cichlid

Scientific Name: Aulonocara hansbaenschi

Geography / Habitat: Lake Malawi, cave dweller

Life Strategy: mouthbrooder

Food / Feed Strategy: worms, small crustaceans, insects




Family: Cichlidae Genus: Aulonocara

Citation: http://fish.mongabay.com/peacock_cichlids.htm


Common Name: Bloater

Scientific Name: Coregonus hoyi

Geography / Habitat: great lakes

Life Strategy: spends day at bottom, comes to top at night for feeding

Food / Feed Strategy: Copepods, clams

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform


Class: Actinopterygii Order: Salmoniformes

Family: Salmonidae

Citation: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/bloater


Common Name: Lake Whitefish

Scientific Name: Coregonus clupeaformis

Geography / Habitat: Large deepwater lakes, Canada and Alaska

Life Strategy: fairly sedentary, seasonal movements in water column. Large group spawnings

Food / Feed Strategy: insects, mollusks, fish eggs and fry. Forage on lake bottom



Family: Salmonidae Genus: Coregonus

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lake_whitefish1.jpg

Citation:


Common Name: Brook Trout

Scientific Name: Salvelinus fontinalis

Geography / Habitat: Rivers and lakes on east coast


Food / Feed Strategy: carnivore eats insects, worms, and crustaceans


Class: actinopterygii Order: salmoniformes

Family: salmonidac

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Salvelinus_fontinalis.jpg

Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brook_trout


Common Name: Brown Trout

Scientific Name: Salmo trutta

Geography / Habitat: rivers and streams in europe

Life Strategy: move up river to spawn

Food / Feed Strategy: insects


Class: Actinopterygii Order: salmoniformes

Family: salmonidae

Citation:


Common Name: Bull Trout

Scientific Name: Salvelinus confluentus

Geography / Habitat: lakes in northwest north america

Life Strategy: migrates during spawining season

Food / Feed Strategy: small invertebrates



Family: Salmonidae

Citation: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bull_trout


Common Name: Dolphin Cichlid

Scientific Name: Cyrtocara moorii


Life Strategy: follows special feeding strategy

Food / Feed Strategy: follows behind substrate-digging cichlids and eats remnants of their meals




Family: Osphronemidae Genus: Cyrtocara


Common Name: Lake Trout

Scientific Name: Salvelinus namaycush

Geography / Habitat: lakes with high oxygen levels

Life Strategy: lay eggs in gravel substrate, which winter long time b/c of cold water

Food / Feed Strategy: piscivorous, especially alewives, smelt, sculpin and chubs


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_trout



Family: Salmonidae Genus: Salvelinus

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lake_Trout_GLERL.jpg


Common Name: Channel Catfish

Scientific Name: Hepsetus odoe

Geography / Habitat: banks of rivers near heavy vegetation, swamp areas, West African rivers

Life Strategy: builds bubble nests, guards aggressively, spawns during flood season

Food / Feed Strategy: piscivorous – feeds on several kinds of smaller fish. often cichlids.

Body Form or Style: Sagittiform Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform Mouth Position: Superior



Family: Ictaluridae Genus: Hepsetus


Common Name: Striped Raphael Catfish

Scientific Name: Platydoras armatulus

Geography / Habitat: Amazon, Orinoco, Essequibo Rivers in French-Guiana

Life Strategy: Burrow in soft, sandy river botoms, live life there. nocturnal

Food / Feed Strategy: bottom-eeding carnivores



Family: Mochokidae Genus: Platydoras


Common Name: Featherfin Catfish

Scientific Name: Synodontis eupterus

Geography / Habitat: Chad, Niger (White Nile River). Bottom-dweller

Life Strategy: aggressive, long life (18 years), lay eggs, not mouthbrooder

Food / Feed Strategy: Omnivorous

Body Form or Style: Bottom Rover Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform Mouth Position: Inferior



Family: Siluriformes Genus: Synodontis


Common Name: Muskellunge

Scientific Name: Esox masquinongy

Geography / Habitat: North American rivers and lakes, clear water

Life Strategy: loners or loose packs, random spawning, no nests

Food / Feed Strategy: top predators. Eat fish, frogs, ducklings, mice


Class: Actinopterygii Order: Esociformes

Family: Esocidae Genus: Esox

Citation: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/muskellunge

Title: Freshwater Fishes Species #: 48

Common Name: Cuiu cuiu

Scientific Name: Pseudodoras niger

Geography / Habitat: South America, large rivers, not tributaries. Blackwater and whitewater.

Life Strategy: Annual fish run upstream from Amazon basin

Food / Feed Strategy: Omnivorous; crustaceans, snails, seeds, fruits

Body Form or Style: Bottom Rover Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform



Family: Doradidae Genus: Pseudodoras


Common Name: Bristlenose Plecostomus

Scientific Name: Ancistrus temminckii

Geography / Habitat: streams and rivers everywhere

Life Strategy: defends eggs aggressively

Food / Feed Strategy: insects, crustaceans, shrimp



Family: Cichlidaes

Citation: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancistrus


Common Name: Blue Ahli

Scientific Name: Melanochromis Johanni


Life Strategy: very aggressive

Food / Feed Strategy: crustaceans, insects



Family: Cichlidae


Citation: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/blue_ahli

Title: Saltwater Species #: 51

Common Name: Southern Bluefin Tuna

Scientific Name: Thunnus Maccoyii



Family: Scombridae

Geography / Habitat: southern hemisphere of all the world’s oceans


Food / Feed Strategy: squid, mackerel

Body Form or Style: Fusiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform Mouth Position: Terminal

Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_bluefin_tuna

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Thmac_u0.gif

Title: saltwater Species #: 52

Common Name: Yellowfin Tuna

Scientific Name: Thunnus albacares



Family: Scombridae

Geography / Habitat: surface layer above the thermocline Life Strategy: survive and mate

Food / Feed Strategy: other fish, squid, mackerel


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tuna.jpg

Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellowfin_tuna


Common Name: Pacific Bluefin Tuna

Scientific Name: Thunnus Orientalis



Family: Scombridae

Geography / Habitat: pacific ocean


Food / Feed Strategy: smaller fish, marine invertibrates


Citation: http://www.tuna-fishing.org/images/pacific-bluefin-tuna.jpghttp://www.montereybayaquarium.org/animals/AnimalDetails.aspx?enc=n3f4wmcSJaMg34hN7vu5yQ==


Common Name: Northern Bluefin Tuna

Scientific Name: Thunnus Thynnus



Family: Scombridae

Geography / Habitat: eastern and western atlantic ocean and the Mediterranean sea


Food / Feed Strategy: eats small fish and invertibrates like sardines, herrings, mackerel, squid and crustaceans


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_bluefin_tuna

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bluefin-big.jpg


Common Name: Little Tunny

Scientific Name: Thunnus alletteratus



Family: Scombridae

Geography / Habitat: tropical and temperate waters of the atlantic


Food / Feed Strategy: carnivore, eats small fish and invertebrates


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_tunny

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Euall_u0.gif


Common Name: Blackfin Tuna

Scientific Name: Thunnus



Family: Scombridae

Geography / Habitat: western atlantic from cape cod to brazil


Food / Feed Strategy: king shrimp larvae, shrimp, craps, squid, other fish


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackfin_tuna

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackfin_tuna

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/04/Blackfin_tuna,_Duane_Raver_Jr.jpg


Common Name: Bigeye Tuna

Scientific Name: Thunnus Obesus



Family: Scombridae

Geography / Habitat: all temperate and tropical oceans, but not the Mediterranean sea


Food / Feed Strategy: deep diving during the day to feed


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Thobe_u0.gif

Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bigeye_tuna


Common Name: Albacore Tuna

Scientific Name: Thunnus Alalunga



Family: Scombridae

Geography / Habitat: open waters of all tropical and temperate oceans


Food / Feed Strategy: small fish


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albacore

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Thunnus_alalunga.jpg


Common Name: Blue-spotted Stingray

Scientific Name: Taeniura lymma

Geography / Habitat: Indo-west Pacific. sandy bottoms around coral reefs

Life Strategy: lives alone or in small groups


Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Rajiformes

Family: Dasyatidae Genus: Taeniura

Food / Feed Strategy: eats bony fish, shrimp, crabs

Body Form or Style: Depressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Amiiform Mouth Position: Inferior

Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluespotted_stingray

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Dasyatis_kuhlii_1.jpg


Common Name: Sevengill Shark

Scientific Name: Notorynchus cepedianus

Geography / Habitat: All oceans except Northern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea.

Life Strategy: no nurturing

Food / Feed Strategy: sharks, rays, chimeras, dolphins, also fish like salmon, sturgeon, herring


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadnose_sevengill_shark


Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Hexanchiformes

Family: Hexanchidae Genus: Notorynchus

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Notorynchus_cepedianus_2.jpg


Common Name: Frilled Shark

Scientific Name: Chlamydoselachus anguineus

Geography / Habitat: all oceans and seas

Life Strategy: lives alone, no nurturing

Food / Feed Strategy: small deep-water fishes and squid

Body Form or Style: anguilliform Swim / Locomotion Style: Anguilliform



Family: Chlamydoselachidae Genus: Chlamydoselachus

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chlamydoselachus_anguineus2.jpg

Mouth Position: TerminalCitation:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frilled_shark


Common Name: Bull Shark

Scientific Name: Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos

Geography / Habitat: shallow waters in all oceans and seas

Life Strategy: live birth. Mature at 9 years

Food / Feed Strategy: eats everything.


Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Carcharhiniformes

Family: Carcharhinidae Genus: Carcharhinus

Body Form or Style: Fusiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform Mouth Position: Inferior

Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bull_shark

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bullshark_Beqa_Fiji_2007.jpg


Common Name: Bluntnose Sixgill Shark

Scientific Name: Hexanchus griseus

Geography / Habitat: shallow waters all over the world

Life Strategy: lives alone. Large litters with high mortality rate

Food / Feed Strategy: rays, sharks, fish



Family: Hexanchidae Genus: Hexanchus


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluntnose_sixgill_shark

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hexanchus_griseus.jpg


Common Name: Great White Shark

Scientific Name: Carcharodon carcharias

Geography / Habitat: temperate and tropical waters

Life Strategy: small groups

Food / Feed Strategy: seals, sealions, dolphins, whale carcasses


Citations:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_white_shark


Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Lamniformes

Family: Lamnidae Genus: Carcharodon

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:White_shark.jpg


Common Name: Longnose Sawshark

Scientific Name: Stegostoma fasciatum

Geography / Habitat: open sea

Life Strategy: nurtures young, travels in schools

Food / Feed Strategy: bony fish, shrimp, squids


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longnose_sawshark


Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Pristiophoriformes

Family: Pristiophoridae Genus: Stegostoma

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sketchbook_of_fishes_-_25._(Longnose)_Saw_shark_-_William_Buelow_Gould,_c1832.jpg


Common Name: Leather Grouper

Scientific Name: Dermatoplepis dermatolepis

Geography / Habitat: southeast pacific ocean

Life Strategy: males and females release clouds of eggs and sperm, do not guard young

Food / Feed Strategy: small fish, crustaceans, crabs, shrimp




Family: Serranidae Genus: Dermatoplepis

Citation: http://wacohi1960.com/pht/3/grouper_fish_278x214_b.jpg

Title: Saltwater Fishes Species #: 67

Common Name: Nurse Shark

Scientific Name: Ginglymostoma cirratum

Geography / Habitat: sandy beaches, muddy beaches, coral reefs

Life Strategy: 25 to a litter

Food / Feed Strategy: small fish, shrimp, mollusks, crustaceans

Body Form or Style: Fusiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform


Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Orectolobiformes

Family: Ginglymostomatidae Genus: Ginglymostoma

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nurse_shark.jpg

Mouth Position: TerminalCitations: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nurse_shark


Common Name: Atlantic Manta Rays

Scientific Name: Manta birostris

Geography / Habitat: Surface to 120 meters, tropical warm-water coastal regions


Food / Feed Strategy: filter-feeding planktivores



Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Myliobatoidei

Family: Myliobatidae Genus: Manta

Citation: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/manta_ray

Title: Saltwater Species #:69

Common Name: Tiger Shark

Scientific Name: Galeocerdo cuvier

Geography / Habitat: tropical and sub-tropical seas worldwide, seasonal migration to warmer waters.

Life Strategy: ovoviparous, 9 months in female, then fully independent at birth. solitary and nomadic

Food / Feed Strategy: Omnivorous scavenger, turtles, birds, reptiles, mammals, besides fish



Family: Carcharhinidae Genus: Galeocerdo


Citation: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/tiger_shark


Common Name: Great Hammerhead Shark

Scientific Name: Sphyrna mokarran

Geography / Habitat: tropical ocean waters worldwide, near shore or open sea

Life Strategy: solitary hunters, dangerous

Food / Feed Strategy: rays, small sharks, and bony fish



Family: Sphyrnidae Genus: Sphyrna

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sphyrna_mokarran_at_georgia.jpg


Citation:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_hammerhead_shark


Common Name: Horn Shark

Scientific Name: Heterodontus francisci

Geography / Habitat: subtropical eastern Pacific Ocean

Life Strategy: slow and inactive

Food / Feed Strategy: small fishes and invertebrates


Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Heterodontiformes

Family: Heterodontidae Genus: Heterodontus

Common Name: Horn shark Scientific Name: Heterodontus francisci Body Form or Style: Fusiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform Mouth Position: Inferior

Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horn_shark

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Heterodontus_francisci_catalina.jpg


Common Name: Whale Shark

Scientific Name: Rhincodon typus

Geography / Habitat: all temperate and tropical regions


Food / Feed Strategy: planktonic and nektonic organisms; krill, herring, anchovies, squid


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whale_shark



Family: Rhincodontidae Genus: Rhincodon

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whale_shark

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Whale_shark_Georgia_aquarium.jpg


Common Name: Cookie-cutter Shark

Scientific Name: Isistius brasiliensis

Geography / Habitat: Pacific ocean

Life Strategy: only interacts for mating. violent

Food / Feed Strategy: sharks, squid, fish, etc.


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cookie-cutter_shark


Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Squaliformes

Family: Dalatiidae Genus: Isistius

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cookie-cutter_shark

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Isistius_brasiliensis.jpg


Common Name: Sand Tiger Shark

Scientific Name: Mitsukurina owstoni

Geography / Habitat: Atlantic and pacific coasts

Life Strategy: travel in large groups. Young are not nurtured

Food / Feed Strategy: bony fish, rays, lobsters, crabs, squid


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sand_tiger_shark



Family: Pseudocarchariidae Genus: Megachasma

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sand_tiger_shark

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Carcharias_taurus_newport.jpg


Common Name: Piked Dogfish

Scientific Name: Squalus acanthias

Geography / Habitat: 1 km down in most oceans

Life Strategy: travel in enormous schools

Food / Feed Strategy: bony fish, smaller sharks, mollusks, crustaceans



Family: Squalidae Genus: Squalus

Body Form or Style: Fusiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform Mouth Position: Inferior Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piked_dogfish

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piked_dogfish

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Squalus_acanthias_stellwagen.jpg


Common Name: Megamouth Shark

Scientific Name: Megachasma pelagios

Geography / Habitat: deep water off Australia, Japan, Hawaii, California

Life Strategy: sexual, internal fertilization, ovoviparous.

Food / Feed Strategy: filter-feeds off plankton with large, adapted mouth


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megamouth_shark



Family: Megachasmidae Genus: Megachasma

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megamouth_shark

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Megamouth_shark_japan.jpg


Common Name: Blue-ring Angelfish

Scientific Name: Pomacanthus annularis

Geography / Habitat: Indo-Pacific Ocean coastal rocky coral reefs

Life Strategy: mate at dusk

Food / Feed Strategy: invertebrates


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_ring_angelfish



Family: Chaetodontidae Genus: Pomacanthus

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_ring_angelfish

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pomacanthus_annularis.JPG


Common Name: Zebra fish

Scientific Name: Enoplosus armatus

Geography / Habitat: Indian ocean

Life Strategy: Travel in schools

Food / Feed Strategy: small crustaceans


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zebra_fish



Family: Enoplosidae Genus: Enoplosus

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zebra_fish

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Zebrafisch.jpg


Common Name: Greenland Shark

Scientific Name: Somniosus microcephalus

Geography / Habitat: Continental shelves below 1200 feet

Life Strategy: sluggish

Food / Feed Strategy: fish, marine mammals, and carrion



Family: Dalatiidae Genus: Somniosus


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenland_shark

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenland_shark

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Somniosus_microcephalus.jpg


Common Name: Grey Reef Shark

Scientific Name: Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos

Geography / Habitat: Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean.

Life Strategy: young not nurtured

Food / Feed Strategy: small bony reef fish, squid, octopi, crabs, lobsters, shrimp


Citation:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grey_reef_shark




http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grey_reef_shark

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Grey5b.jpg


Common Name: Blue Shark

Scientific Name: Prionace glauca

Geography / Habitat: tropical waters around the world

Life Strategy: solitary and sluggish.

Food / Feed Strategy: anchovies, sardines, herrings


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_shark



Family: Carcharhinidae Genus: Prionace

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_shark

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Prionace_glauca_1.jpg


Common Name: Common Dolphinfish

Scientific Name: Coryphaena hippurus

Geography / Habitat: tropical oceans

Life Strategy: up to a million eggs

Food / Feed Strategy: teleosts, cephalopods, and crustaceans


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolphinfish



Family: Coryphaenidae Genus: Coryphaena

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Coryphaena_hippurus.PNG


Common Name: Barrier Reef Anemone Fish

Scientific Name: Amphiprion frenatus

Geography / Habitat: Oriental Western Pacific, lagoon reefs

Life Strategy: live in anemone for protection

Food / Feed Strategy: algae, zooplankton, small crustaceans



Family: Pomacentridae Genus: Amphiprion


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barrier_Reef_Anemonefish

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barrier_Reef_Anemonefish

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Amphiprion_akindynos.jpg


Common Name: Blacktip Shark

Scientific Name: Carcharhinus limbatus

Geography / Habitat: tropical and temperate

Life Strategy: small litters, pups nurtured

Food / Feed Strategy: herring, anchovies, sardines, sea catfish.


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blacktip_shark




http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blacktip_shark

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Carcharhinus_limbatus_-_Caraibische_zwartpunthaai.jpg


Common Name: Basking Shark

Scientific Name: Cetorhinus maximus

Geography / Habitat: atlantic and pacific

Life Strategy: no nurturing for young

Food / Feed Strategy: gillrakers skim plankton




Family: Cetorhinidae Genus: Cetorhinus

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cetorhinus_maximus_by_greg_skomal.JPG

Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basking_shark

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basking_shark


Common Name: Crocodile Shark

Scientific Name: Pseudocarcharias kamoharai

Geography / Habitat: all tropical and subtropical oceans worldwide

Life Strategy: small litters, pups fend for themselves

Food / Feed Strategy: small fish, squid, shrimp



Family: Pseudocarchariidae Genus: Pseudocarcharias


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crocodile_shark

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crocodile_shark

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pseudocarcharias_kamoharai.jpg


Common Name: Goblin Shark

Scientific Name: Mitsukurina owstoni

Geography / Habitat: most oceans, relatively deep

Life Strategy: pups fend for themselves.

Food / Feed Strategy squid, fish, crabs


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goblin_shark



Family: Megachasmidae Genus: Megachasma

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goblin_shark

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Goblin_Shark.gif


Common Name: Remora

Scientific Name: Remora remora

Geography / Habitat: mediterranian and atlantic

Life Strategy: attaches itself to larger animals

Food / Feed Strategy: gillrakers filter plankton as they ride large fish


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remora



Family: Coryphaenidae Genus: Remora

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remora

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Spearfish_remora.jpg


Common Name: Spotted Wobbegong

Scientific Name: Orectolobus maculatus

Geography / Habitat: Australian coast

Life Strategy: bottomfeeders

Food / Feed Strategy: invertebrates

Body Form or Style: Depressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Inferior

Citations: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spotted_wobbegong



Family: Orectolobidae Genus: Orectolobus

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spotted_wobbegong

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wobbegong.jpg


Common Name: French Angelfish

Scientific Name: Pomacanthus paru

Geography / Habitat: atlantic coasts

Life Strategy: random spreading of sperm and eggs

Food / Feed Strategy: algae and sponges



Family: Chaetodontidae Genus: Pomacanthus


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_angelfish

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_angelfish

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pomacanthus_paru.jpg


Common Name: Southern Atlantic Stingray

Scientific Name: Dasyatis americana

Geography / Habitat: south atlantic

Life Strategy: independent after birth

Food / Feed Strategy: crabs, shellfish, marine worms, small fish


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_stingray


Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Rajiformes

Family: Dasyatidae Genus: Myliobatis

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Dasyatis_americana_bonaire.jpg


Common Name: Bluehead Wrasse

Scientific Name: Thalassoma bifasciatum

Geography / Habitat: Western Atlantic Ocean, inshore bays and seagrass beds

Life Strategy: females can change sex

Food / Feed Strategy: plankton, worms, shrimp, small crustaceans

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Labriform Mouth Position: Terminal

Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thalassoma_bifasciatum



Family: Labridae Genus: Thalassoma

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Blue-headed_wrasse_det.jpg


Common Name: Whitetip Reef Shark

Scientific Name: Triaenodon obesus

Geography / Habitat: tropical waters, coral reefs

Life Strategy: medium size litter, cares for pups

Food / Feed Strategy: bony fishes and some crustaceans, mollusks, etc.


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitetip_reef_shark



Family: Carcharhinidae Genus: Triaenodon

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Carcharhinus_albimarginatus-shark.jpg


Common Name: Chain Catshark

Scientific Name: Scyliorhinus retifer

Geography / Habitat: western Central Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, Carribean.

Life Strategy: no nurturing from parents

Food / Feed Strategy: squid, fish, annelids, and crustaceans



Family: Scyliorhinidae Genus: Scyliorhinus


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chain_catshark

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chain_catshark

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Scyliorhinus_retifer_2.jpg


Common Name: Foureye Butterflyfish

Scientific Name: Chaetodon capistratus

Geography / Habitat: Western Tropical Atlantic,

Life Strategy: schools of up to 15

Food / Feed Strategy: browser, eats mostly anthozoans. also fish eggs, crustaceans, worms


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foureye_butterflyfish



Family: Chaetodontidae Genus: Chaetodon

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foureye_butterflyfish

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chaetodon_capistratus1.jpg


Common Name: Bat Ray

Scientific Name: Myliobatis californicus

Geography / Habitat: Sea of Cortez

Life Strategy: pups are not nurtured

Food / Feed Strategy: mollusks, crustaceans, small fish


Citations: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bat_rays


Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Myliobatoidei

Family: Myliobatidae Genus: Myliobatis

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bat_rays

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Myliobatis_californica_channel_isl.jpg


Common Name: Port Jackson Shark

Scientific Name: Heterodontus portusjacksoni

Geography / Habitat: tropical waters

Life Strategy: interact mainly for breeding

Food / Feed Strategy: starfish, sea urchins, gastropods


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_jackson_shark


Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Heterodontiformes

Family: Heterodontidae Genus: Heterodontus

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_jackson_shark

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:2009_shark_in_Shanghai.JPG


Common Name: Clown Wrasse

Scientific Name: Coris aygula

Geography / Habitat: Indian ocean

Life Strategy: one male mates in a group

Food / Feed Strategy: shelled mollusks, crabs, sea urchins



Family: Labridae Genus: Coris

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Labriform Mouth Position: Superior

Citation:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coris_aygula

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coris_aygula

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Coris_aygula.jpg


Common Name: Thresher Shark

Scientific Name: Alopias vulpinus

Geography / Habitat: tropical and temperate waters worldwide

Life Strategy: small litters

Food / Feed Strategy: eats small fish in schools


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thresher_shark



Family: Alopiidae Genus: Alopias

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thresher_shark

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Thresher_shark.jpg


Common Name: Swell Shark

Scientific Name: Cephaloscyllium ventriosum

Geography / Habitat: Eastern Pacific Ocean

Life Strategy: nocturnal, solitary

Food / Feed Strategy: bony fishes and crustaceans.


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swell_shark



Family: Scyliorhinidae Genus: Cephaloscyllium

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swell_shark

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Swell_Shark,_San_Clemente_Island,_California.jpg

Title: Saltwater/Marine Invertebrates Species #: 101

Common Name: Florida Horse Conch

Scientific Name: Pleuroploca gigantea

Geography / Habitat: sand and weeds, shallow water, Eastern N. America (Gulf of Mexico, Southeastern U.S.)

Life Strategy: sexual; attaches capsules to rocks or old shells

Food / Feed Strategy: carnivore, eats bivalves and other snails

Class: Gastropoda Order: Neogastropoda

Family: Fasciolariidae Genus: Pleuroploca

Species: gigantea

Body Form or Style: Shelled gastropod Swim / Locomotion Style: Foot Mouth Position: Inferior

Citation: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida_Horse _conch


Common Name: Blue-ringed Octopus

Scientific Name: Hapalochlaena maculosa

Geography / Habitat: Indo-Pacific tidal rock pools

Life Strategy: male courts respondent females with colors

Food / Feed Strategy: extremely toxic. carnivorous; shrimp, crustaceans

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Mollusca

Class: Cephalopoda Order: Octopoda

Family: Octopodidae Genus: Hapalochlaena

Citation:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_ringed_octopus


Common Name: Vampire Squid

Scientific Name: Vampyroteuthis infernalis

Geography / Habitat: Prefers no light (1,500-2,500m), tropical and subtropical oceans worldwide

Life Strategy: female discharges eggs after mating, free-float, no further care

Food / Feed Strategy: Carnivore; eats when it can catch. very slow metabolic rate. not aggressive

Common Name: Vampire Squid Scientific Name: Vampyroteuthis infernalis Body Form or Style: Octopod Swim / Locomotion Style: Jet Propulsion Mouth Position: Inferior


Class: Cephalopoda Order: Vampyromorpha

Family: Vampyroteuthidae Genus: Vampyroteuthis


Common Name: Ram’s Horn Squid

Scientific Name: Spirula spirula

Geography / Habitat: tropical coastal waters,

Life Strategy: male implants sperm sac, female lays eggs with nutrients until hatching, then young are independent

Food / Feed Strategy: nocturnal hunter, eats small fish and crustaceans


Class: Cephalopoda Order: Spirulida

Family: Spirulidae Genus: Spirula

Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram%27s_horn_squid

Title: Marine/Saltwater Invertebrates Species #: 105

Common Name: Cherry Stone Clam

Scientific Name: Mercenaria mercenaria

Geography / Habitat: east coast of North America

Life Strategy: high density spawning, males and females all release gametes together, eggs become trocophore larvae first

Food / Feed Strategy: eats plankton by filtering water

Body Form or Style: Shelled gastropod Swim / Locomotion Style: Foot Mouth Position: Terminal

Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_clam


Class: Bivalvia Order: Veneroida

Family: Veneridae Genus: Mercenaria

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LittleNeck_clams_USDA96c1862.jpg


Common Name: California Seahare

Scientific Name: Aplysia californica

Geography / Habitat: California coast

Life Strategy: hermaphroditic

Food / Feed Strategy: herbivorous, eats algae and eelgrass


Class: Gastropoda Order: Anaspidea

Family: Aplysiidae Genus: Aplysia

Body Form or Style: Nudibranch Swim / Locomotion Style: Foot Mouth Position: Inferior

Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_sea_hare

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Aplysia_californica.jpg


Common Name: Common Octopus

Scientific Name: Octopus vulgaris

Geography / Habitat: all warm waters

Life Strategy: female lays 100k eggs

Food / Feed Strategy: gastropods and bivalves



Family: Octopodidae Genus: Octopus

Citation:


Common Name: Knobby Argonaut

Scientific Name: Argonauta nodosa

Geography / Habitat: all oveans

Life Strategy:

Food / Feed Strategy: crayfish, crabs, and bivalves



Family: Argonautidae Genus: Argonauta

Body Form or Style: Shelled octopod Swim / Locomotion Style: Jet Propulsion Mouth Position: Terminal

Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knobby_argonaut

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knobby_argonaut

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Argonauta_nodosa_eggcase.png


Common Name: Common Cuttlefish

Scientific Name: Sepia officinalis

Geography / Habitat: Mediterranean and Atlantic

Life Strategy: Internal fertilization

Food / Feed Strategy: small fish, shrimp, crabs, crustaceans


Class: Cephalopoda Order: Sepiida

Family: Sepiidae Genus: Sepia

Citation:


Common Name: Greater Blue-ringed Octopus

Scientific Name: Hapalochlaena lunulata

Geography / Habitat: Indowest Pacific and Indian Oceans

Life Strategy: female guards 60-100 eggs for 50 days, doesn’t even eat, dies upon hatching

Food / Feed Strategy: carnivorous; fish, crabs, mollusks, small marine organisms



Family: Octopodidae Genus: Hapalochlaena

Body Form or Style: Octopod Swim / Locomotion Style: Jet Propulsion Mouth Position: Inferior

Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater_Blue-ringed_Octopus

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Variable_ring_patterns_on_mantles_of_the_blue-ringed_octopus_Hapalochlaena_lunulata.png


Common Name: Joubin’s Octopus

Scientific Name: Octopus joubini

Geography / Habitat: Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea to Guyanas

Life Strategy: short (5 minute) mating, then female lays eggs, broods, dies after hatching

Food / Feed Strategy: crabs and snails




Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven-arm_Octopus


Common Name: Northern Abalone

Scientific Name: Haliotis kamtschatkana

Geography / Habitat: Pacific coast of North America, rocky substrate, algae

Life Strategy: external fertilization, 48-hour larval stage

Food / Feed Strategy: coralline algae


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_abalone


Class: Gastropoda Order: Archaeogastropoda

Family: Haliotididae Genus: Haliotis


Common Name: Red Abalone

Scientific Name: Haliotis rufescens

Geography / Habitat: Southern Oregon to Baja California

Life Strategy: eggs and sperm released into water

Food / Feed Strategy: algae, kelp, plankton


Citation: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/red_albalone



Class: Gastropoda Order: Archaeogastropoda

Family: Haliotididae Genus: Haliotis

Common Name: Caribbean Reef Octopus

Scientific Name: Octopus briareus

Geography / Habitat: temperate to tropical waters in gulf of mexico

Life Strategy: male mounts, injects sperm. Female settles, broods eggs until hatched, fully independent offspring.

Food / Feed Strategy: crabs


Citations: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caribbean_reef_octopus





Common Name: Longfinned Inshore Squid

Scientific Name: Loligo pealeii

Geography / Habitat: Eastern Continental shelf of N. America, Gulf of Mexico, shallow waters

Life Strategy: males court females, females lay 200-egg packets on sea floor to be fertilized. changes color for courtship and defense


Class: Cephalopoda Order: Teuthida

Family: Loliginidae Genus: Loligo

Food / Feed Strategy: carnivorous; other squid, crustaceans, fishes, shrimp

Body Form or Style: Squid-like Swim / Locomotion Style: Jet Propulsion Mouth Position: Inferior


Common Name: Spotted Sea Hare

Scientific Name: Aplysia dactylomela

Geography / Habitat: tropical waters around the world

Life Strategy: hermaphroditic


Class: Gastropoda Order: Anaspidea

Family: Aplysiidae Genus: Aplysia

Food / Feed Strategy: eats red and green algae

Body Form or Style: Nudibranch Swim / Locomotion Style: Foot Mouth Position: Inferior

Citation: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spotted_Sea_Hare


Common Name: Longfinned Squid

Scientific Name: Loligo forbesii

Geography / Habitat: All open coast, Eastern Atlantic, near sandy or muddy bottoms

Life Strategy: up to 100,000 eggs, provided with yolk sac, no further parental investment.

Food / Feed Strategy: eats smaller organisms (fish, other mollusks, etc.)

Body Form or Style: Squid-like Swim / Locomotion Style: Jet Propulsion Mouth Position: Inferior

Citation: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longfinned_Squid


Class: Cephalopoda Order: Teuthida

Family: Loliginidae Genus: Loligo


Common Name: N/A

Scientific Name: Stauroteuthis syrtensis

Geography / Habitat: Waters off continental shelf, Eastern N. America, open water, near bottom

Life Strategy: because it’s deep-water, little known about mating or parental care. Internal fertilization, lays about 900 eggs

Food / Feed Strategy: small crustaceans, mainly copepods. bioluminescence of suckers may attract prey


Citation: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Stauroteuthis_syrtensis



Family: Stauroteuthidae Genus: Stauroteuthis


Common Name: Greater Argonaut

Scientific Name: Argonauta argo

Geography / Habitat: near surface, epipelagic. tropical oceans worldwide

Life Strategy: male has special leg for fertilizing which breaks off. female creates shell for eggs before hatching

Food / Feed Strategy: feeds on plankton and small organisms on surface



Family: Argonautidae Genus: Argonauta

Body Form or Style: Shelled Octopod Swim / Locomotion Style: Jet Propulsion Mouth Position: Inferior


Common Name: Chambered Nautilus

Scientific Name: Nautilus pompilius

Geography / Habitat: Indo-Pacific, near bottoms of coral reefs

Life Strategy: male attaches sperm packet to female’s shell, female creates eggs, lays. hatched young are miniature adults, independent

Food / Feed Strategy: uses sense of smell, not sight, to eat fish, crabs, carrion


Class: Cephalopoda Order: Nautilida

Family: Nautilidae Genus: Nautilus

Body Form or Style: Shelled cephalopod Swim / Locomotion Style: Jet Propulsion Mouth Position: Terminal

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