manufacturing process of sugarcane to sugar

7/21/2019 Manufacturing Process of Sugarcane to Sugar

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/manufacturing-process-of-sugarcane-to-sugar 1/12

Manufacturing Proces

Sugarcane to Sugar



IntroductionFor thousands of years, sugar has been an important food ingredient tbalanced sweet taste, act as a preservative and has many functionafood preparation.

Sugar is a natural carbohydrate, which is 99.5 % of sucrose foundvegetables.

hile all fruits and vegetables produce sugar, sugar cane and sugar

beet plants contain the most accessible stores of sucrose.

!oday, "#% of the world$s sugar is made from cane and only about

#% is made from beets. &n Malaysia, sugar is produced from

sugarcane where the cultivation of sugarcane is based in !he

'orthern region of Malaysia.



Raw Material

Sugar is a broad term applied to a large number of carbohypresents in many plants

(haracteri)ed by a more or less sweet taste

!he primary sugar* glucose is a product of photosynthesis

Main sources of commercial sugar+

. -uices of sugarcane. Sugar beet



Manufacturing

Processof Sugarcane / Planting and harvesting

/ (ane Pre Preparation

/ (ane Preparation

0/ Puri1cation 2 (lari1cation and evaporation

5/ (rystalli)ation

3/ (entrifugaling

"/ 4rying and Pacaging



Planting and harvesting

PlantingRequires an average temperature of

40.1degreesSugarcane takes about 7 months to

mature in tropical area.

Haverstingane needs to be burn for fe! hours

to form hard and dr" cane.ane being harvest either b" manuall"

or b" machine



(ane Pre * preparation

At mill yard, cane are unloaded and excessive soil and

rocks are removed.

The cane is clean by flooding by the carrier with warm

water or by sreading the cane on agitating conveyor that

ass through !et water.

"ane will be cutting into small ieces by knives and

shredders.



(ane preparation

#$traction of %uice b" milling or diffusion

&illing

'asic cane mill consist of ( grooved rollers

Prepared cane is squee)ed bet!een the rollers* thus forcing the %uice out of th

+o displace retained %uice* !ater is poured onto the cane fibre before

crushing,imbibition-

iffusion

#$tracting ra! %uices b" process of li$iviation using for that imbibitions hot and recirculation of %uice e$tracted.

/i$iviationprocess of seperating soluble from insoluble b" dissolving the former in !a

some other solvent



Puri1cation 2 clari1cation andevaporation

"larification#The !uices from the mills, dark green color , is acid and turbid#$rocess to remove both soluble and insoluble imurities that not bein

by reliminary screening.#The rocess emloys lime and heat as clarifying agents.#%ilk of lime neutrali&e the natural acidity of the !uice forming insoluble #'eating the lime !uice to boiling coagulate to form entra susended s

(flocculation)#The urose of clarification is to roduce a clear !uice that light in colo

from susended matter.#The muds searate from clear !uice through sedimentation, clear !uice

concentrate through evaoration rocess



#vaporation

#'efore cr"stal gro!th can take place the clear %uice must be concentrated to

removal of !ater via evaporation.

#+o improve effecienc" of !ater removal step* a process kno!n as multiple e

evaporation is used. ,normall" a series of evaporators-

#Steam from large boiler is used to heat the first evaporator

#Steam from !ater evaporated in first evaporator !ill be used to heat second

+he same process repeated until final evaporator

#2s the temperature decrease,due to heat loss- from evaporator to evaporato

pressure inside each evaporator also decrease !hich allo!s the %uice to boil

temperatures in the subsequent evaporator.

#+he evaporation process t"picall" produces s"rup !ith about 3 solids an



(rystalli)ation and centrifugalin

r"stalli)ation

#+ake place in single stage vacuum pan#+he s"rup is evaporated until saturated !ith sugar #2t the end of cr"stalli)ation process* massecuite ,c"stal5molasses mi$tu

formed

entrifugaling

#&assecuite leaving the cr"stalli)ation are no! to be separated into cr"smolasses#+he most sucrose !ill recovered as sugar !hile less sucrose !ill be lost

molasses#Purpose of centrifugaling is to separate cr"stal from molasses.



4rying and Pacagingr"ing#Sugar leaving centrifugals has e$cces moisture !hich has e$tremel" detrimen

on keeping the qualit" of ra! sugar.



Advantages of Multiple EeEvaporator

Suitable for large scale 6 for continuous operation

7ighly economical when compared to single e8ect evapora

Multiple e8ect or stages are used to minimi)e the energy ito evaporate or boil of undesired water content

!he total evaporation achieved in these system is appro:imnumber of e8ects times the energy input to the 1rst e8ect

manufacturing process of sugarcane to sugar

Documents