MANAJEMENKESELAMATAN &

KESEHATAN KERJA (K3)Tjipto Suwandi

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Occupational health should aim at: the

promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental, and social well-being of workers in all occupations, the prevention amongst workers of departures from health caused by their working conditions, the protection of workers in their employment from risk resulting from factors adverse to health, the placing and maintenance of the workers in an occupational environment adapted to his physiological capabilities, and to summarize the adaptation of work to man and each man to his job (W.H.O)

The main focus in occupational health is on three different objectives:

a. The maintenance and promotion of workers health and working 

    capacity

b. The improvement of working environment and work to become  

    conducive to safety and health, and

c. Development of work organization and working cultures in direction, which support health and safety at work, and in doing so also promotes a positive social climate and smooth operation and may enhance productivity of undertakings. The concept of working culture is intended in this context to   mean a reflection of the essential value systems adopted by the undertaking concerned. Such a culture is reflected in practice in the management system, personnel policy, and principles for participation, training policies, and quality management of the undertaking.       

INTERNATIONAL LOSS CONTROL INSTITUTE CAUSATION MODEL

Lack ofControl

BasicCauses

ImmediateCause

Incident Loss

InadequateProgram

Program Standards

ComplianceTo

Standards

PersonalFactors

JobFactors

Sub-Standards

Acts

Sub-Standardsconditions

ContactWith

Energy,Substance

OrPeople

PeoplePropertyProductEnviron-

mentService

PERAN MANAJEMEN Sasaran manajemen ; efficient prod.

EngineeringPurchasingInspectionProd.inspMaintenanceResearch

SelectionPlacementTrainingHealthEmployee relation pract.Motivation

FacilitiesEquipmentMaterials

PEOPLE

EfficientProduction

AUTONOMY TRANSPARANCY

ACCOUNTABILITY ACCREDITATION

QUALITY

SISTEM MANAJEMEN K3(OSHMS)

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

FEEDBACK

MANAGEMENT COMMITMENT AND RESOURCES:

1. Regulatory compliance and System conformance

2. Accountability, Responsibility, Authority

INPUT

EMPLOYEE PARTICIPATION

MANAGEMENT DIRECTION

Responsibility : the fact of having to answer for activities and result in safety.

Authority : the right to correct, command, and determine courses of action.

Accountability : The fact of active measurement by manage- ment to ensure compliance with its will. In defining accountability in accident prevention, we speak of management doing something to ensure action

OSH POLICYGOALS AND OBJECTIVESPERFORMANCE MEASURESYSTEM PLANNING AND

DEVELOPMENT : Baseline Evaluation & Risk

AssessmentOSH MANUAL & PROCEDURES

PROCESS I(Formulation)

MANAGER & K3

STRATA : K3

UPPER MANAGER

MIDDLE MANAGER

LOWER / LINE MANAGER

Result

Performance

TRAINING SYSTEM: Technical expertise & personnel qualifications.

HAZARDS CONTROL SYSTEM: - Process design - Emergency Preparedness & Response syst. - Hazardous agent management system PREVENTIVE & CORRECTIVE ACTION

SYSTEM PROCUREMENT AND CONTRACTING

PROCESS II(Implementation)

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM: Documentation & Record Management

syst.EVALUATION SYSTEM: - Auditing & Self Inspection - Incident Investigation & Root Cause -

Analysis - Health Medical Program & Surveillance

EVALUATION(FEEDBACK)

CONTINUAL IMPROVEMENT

INTEGRATION

MANAGEMENT REVIEW

IMPROVEMENT(INTEGRATION)

I S M E C IDENTIFICATION OF WORKSTANDARDSMEASUREMENTEVALUATIONCOMMENDATION AND CORRECTION

MANAGEMENT CONTROLACTIVITIES

IDENTIFICATION OF WORK Leadership and administ. Task analysis & procedure Accident investigation Organizational rules Management training Employee training Health control Engineering control Program evaluation system Personal communication

• Planned inspection• Emergency preparedness•Group meeting•General promotion•Purchasing control•Hiring and placement•Accident analysis•Personal protective equipm.•Off the job safety•Other program activities

Establishing standards for the work performance expected in each work activity area identified

Refining and upgrading existing standards to improve coverage, understanding, reasonableness, and practicality

STANDARDS

Measuring performance by degree of compliance with established standards.

• Refining objectivity and quality of

system to quantify results.

MEASUREMENT

Evaluating performance on a timely basis and communicating it to those accountable.

Refining existing communication system

to enhance meaning and motivation.

EVALUATION

Commending compliance and correcting deficiencies in performance standards.

COMMENDING

An undesired event which, under slightly different circumstances, could have resulted in harm to people, damage to property or loss to process.

An undesired event which could or does result in a loss.

Accident result from contact with a substance or source of energy above the threshold limit of the body or the structure.

INCIDENT

Concept of multiple causes

Causes of accident:Personal factors: inadequate physical/ physiological and

mental/psychological capability, physical/physiological stress, mental/psychological stress, lack of knowledge, lack of skill, improper motivation.

CAUSES OF ACCIDENT

JOB FACTOR:Inadequate leadership or supervision,

inadequate engineering, inadequate purchasing, inadequate maintenance,

inadequate tool and equipment, inadequate tools and equipment, Inadequate work standards, Wear and Tear, abuse or misuse.

OSH PRINCIPLES

1. An unsafe act, an unsafe condition, and an accident are all symptoms of something wrong in the management system.

2. We can predict that certain sets of circumstances will produce severe injuries. These circumstances can be identified and controlled.

OSH PRINCIPLES

3. Safety should be managed like any other company function. Management should direct the safety effort by setting achievable goals and by planning, organizing, and controlling in achieve them.

4. The key in effective line safety performance is management procedures that fix accountability.

OSH PRINCIPLES

5. The function of safety is to locate and define the operational errors that allow accidents to occur. This function can be carried out in two ways:

a) by asking why accidents happen ---- searching for their root causes and b) by asking whether certain known effective controls are being utilized.

ZERO ACCIDENTAdalah hasil (result) K3 sehingga lebih

merupakan evaluasi dari manager. (middle -- upper).

Performance di titik beratkan pada middle --lower manager.

Integrasi (keterpaduan) performance (kinerja) harus nampak di tingkat pelaksana.

SEKIAN

TERIMA KASIH