MAMMARY GLAND AND ITS’ BIRTH ANOMALIES

BY VISITH DANTANARAYANA

OF GROUP 201

STRUCTURE OF THE MAMMARY GLAND

BREAST QUADRANTS

ARTERIAL SUPPLY

• INTERNAL THORACIC ARTERY• LATERAL THORACIC ARTERY• POSTERIOR INTERCOSTAL ARTERIES

VENOUS DRAINAGE

• AXILLARY VEIN• INTERNAL THORACIC VEIN

LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE

IMPORTANCE OF THE LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE

STAGE 4 BREAST CACER USES THE LYMPHATIC NODES OF THE MAMMARY GLANDS TO SPREAD OR TOINITIATE THE PROCESS OF METASTASIS.

A CARCINOMA ORIGINATING IN THE MAMMARY GLAND (STAGE 4)COULD SPREAD THROUGHOUTA VAST AREA VIA THE LYMPHNODES.

THIS GRAPH DEPICTS SOME STATISTICS THAT WERE OBTAINED THROUGHOUT

THE YEAR OF 2013.

CLASSIFICATION OF BIRTH ANOMALIES

• POLYMASTIA AND POLYTHELIA

• GYNECOMASTIA

• AMASTIA AND ATHELIA

• CONGENITAL BREAST HTPOPLASIA OR APLASIA

POLYMASTIA

THE PRESENCE OF SUPERNUMERARY BREASTS.

OCCURRENCE AVERAGES

FROM 0.22% - 6%

POLYTHELIA

THE PRESENCE OF

SUPERNUMERARY NIPPLES.

THE OCCURRENCE OF SUPERNUMERARY BREASTS OR NIPPLES TAKE PLACE ALONG A MILK LINE WHICH STRETCHES

FROM THE AXILLA TO THE INGUINAL REGION.

CONGENITAL BREAST HYPOPLASIA OR APLASIA

• IDIOPATHIC ASYMMETRY

• TUBULAR/ TUBEROUS BREAST

• POLAND’S SYNDROME

• AMASTIA

POLAND’S SYNDROME

NAMED AFTER DR. ALFRED

POLAND.

OCCURS MORE IN MEN THAN IN WOMEN; 3:1SYNDROME IS SPORADIC, THEREFORE OCCURS 1 OF EVERY 20,000 – 30,000 BIRTHS.

THE MAMMOGRAM SHOWS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE LEFT CHEST WHERE THE PECTORALIS

MUSCLE IS ABSENT AND THE NORMAL RIGHT CHEST

BEFORE TREATMENT AND AFTER TREATMENT

TUBULAR/ TUBEROUS BREAST

HERNIATION OF BREAST TISSUE INTO THE AREOLA.

ALSO KNOWN AS THE SNOOPY – NOSED SYNDROME.

BEFORE TREATMENT AND AFTER TREATMENT

IDIOPATHIC AYMMETRY

AMASTIA

THE TOTAL ABSENCE OF A BREAST.

COULD BE UNILATERAL OR BILATERAL.

OFTEN ASSOCIATED WITH OTHER DOMINANT AUTOSOMAL SYNDROMES SUCH AS

ECTODERMAL DYSPLASIA.

BILATERAL AMASTIA

UNILATERAL AMASTIA

GYNECOMASTIA

The most COMMON FORM OF BREAST HYPERPLASIA.