Class Mammalia

Characteristics of all Mammals

Hair and Sweat Mammary Glands Endothermic Diaphragm

Three Classes (do not put in packet)

Monotremes Marsupials Placenta

Monotremes

Egg laying – leathery eggs Echidnas and duck billed platypus

Marsupials

Pouched mammary glands in pouch Infants are born not fully developed and move to

pouch to finish development Different age babies can live in pouch at the same

time Live mostly in Australia, New Guinea, and South

America Kangaroos, opossums, koalas, Tasmanian devils,

wallabies

Placental

Most mammals are placental Embryos stay inside mother until fully developed Placenta are special attachments from embryo to uterus Placenta supplies food and oxygen Placenta also removes waste Gestation period is the time it takes for an embryo to develop Gestation ranges from a few weeks to almost 2 years

depending on the species Humans are placental mammals

Toothless Mammals

Only anteaters are completely toothless.

The rest have small teeth

Catch insects with long, sticky tongues

Anteaters, aardvarks, armadillos, sloth

Insect Eating

Also called insectivores Live everywhere except

Australia and Antarctica Have very small brains Few specialized teeth thin long pointed nose

Rodents

More than 1/3 of all mammals are rodents Found everywhere except Antarctica Most are small Have long, sensitive whiskers All rodents have sharp front teeth for

gnawing

Lagomorphs (rabbits)

Have sharp gnawing teeth Have two sets of incisors in their upper jaws Have short tails Sensitive noses, large ears, and eyes to

detect predators

Flying Mammals

Bats are the only mammals that can fly Use echolocation to find prey Nocternal Flying squirrels ARE NOT part of this group!

Carnivores

Meat eaters Large canine teeth Can be found in both land and water Includes lions and seals

Hoofed Mammals

Adapted for quick running Large flat molars for grinding, Herbivores Also known as Ungulates Two groups based on number of toes

Odd Toed

Order Perissodactyls One or three toes Horses, tapirs, rhinos Tapirs have four toes on front but three on

back

Even Toed

Order Artiodactyla Two or four toes Foot has greater flexibility than Odd Toed Pigs, camels, cows, giraffes, hippos

Trunked-Nosed

Elephants are the only ones Very agile trunk to pick up small objects Three species – African Savanna, Asian, and African

Forest African Forest elephant is a newly name species Herbivores Largest land mammal Two year gestation period Poached for ivory

Cetaceans

Whales, dolphins, porpoise Use echolocation Have lungs Blubber Blowholes are modified nostrils Some have teeth, some do not

Sirenia

Manatees Herbivores AKA sea cows Can live for over 70 years

Primates

Binocular vision Opposable thumbs Color vision Flattened nails Specialized teeth for omnivore diet Small noses so vision is very important