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MAJLIs PEPERIKsAAN MALAYsIA(blALAYsIAN EXAMINATIoNs COUNCIL)

IⅡstructions to candidates:

DO NoT OPEN THIs QUEsTION PAPER1TNTILYOU ARE TOLD TO DO so。

彐l勿纟昭 曰昭 fortyˉfiVe g勿贺 r莎o刀sj刀 砀is rcs厶 For ε曰c屁 gγ贺rjo刀,c屁@osε 砀纟朔os莎 ‘乃乡:9rC’pr沏招

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Rc曰J砀 c切 s矽71呀 c∫o刀so刀 砀 召 曰7⒊sl//εr s乃CC莎 c曰殇 彻 姒

/`勿〃p莎 aⅡ g“‘″s莎氵@刀s.

This quesJ① Ⅱ paper consists of15priⅡ ted pages aⅡ d1blank page。

◎M苟 lis Pepeoksaan Malaysia⒛ 10

MUET800/3/E*This quesu。n paperis CONFIDENTIAL mti1伍e test is ove⒈

ITurn overCONFIDENTIAL*

CONFIDENTIAL*

￡冫伏甭r氵o刀s1幻 7曰昭 3邻g歹 @刀 砀cヵ rJ。w`驾、鲋 s日gg。

RD1100bⅡlion Ι ade surpIus is secoⅡ d1Ιighest Ever

Kua1a Lumpw∶ Ⅳh1aysia chaked up its10曲 c。nsecutiⅤe year of订 ade sWp1us and伍e amount ofRWII00.53biⅡ ion was the second highest ever on recOrd。

The Intemational Trade and Industry Minister repo⒒ ed that export growth in

2007emanated fron.b。 thtraditiona1andemergingrnarkets such as China,AustraⅡ a,

United Arab EⅡ1irates and Indonesia. Co11ectively,these lmarkets accounted for

RNI101.28bⅢon or16.7%of Malaysh℃ total exports.The1件 .5%declhe inMalaysia’s exports to the Us in2007、 vas ofse1 in part,by strong growth in

aggregate expo⒒ s tO emerging markets.

This deⅤe1opment is attributed to intensive promotional activities undc⒒ akenin new and emerging rnarkets as part ofbΙ a1aysia’ s Fnarket diversiIlcatiOn initiative,

This ini住 a住ve caused double-digit gro讷 吃h in Malaysia’ s exports to markets such as

Poland,wⅡ ch grew by73,3%,Qatar by47.3%and Iran by31.4%,

FroⅡ1a regional perspectiⅤ e,North-East Asia was1ˇ Ⅰalaysia’ s largest regiona1

export marke1 accounjng for 29.1% of total exports. That 、vas fo11owed byASEAN with a25,7%share,Nor伍 AmeⅡca with16.2%and European Union with12.9o/。 .

Ιalaysia’ s Total Trade by lRegiom

10

15

North East Asia

RM bⅡ

400

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

North AmericaRM biI

200

800/3/E*This question paper

AsEANRM bil

300

250

200

150

100

50

0‘03

European UnioⅡ

RM bⅡ

150

120

100

50

‘07‘04

(Adapted from刀饧srcr,Febmary13,2009

‘03 ‘04 ‘05 ‘06 ‘07

is CObTFIDENTIAL untilthe testis ove⒈ CONFIDENTIAL*

CONFIDENTγⅡ卢

1 Ma1aysia has recorded a trade surplus for the1ast ten years。

A Tme

B False

C Notstated

2 For the year2007,Malaysia’ s total expo⒒ s were Valued at RM100.53bⅡ Ⅱon。

A Tme

B False

C NOtstated

3 In2007,Malaysia showed an iⅡ crease in exports to a11thc four regions.

A Tme

B False

C Notstated

4 Bo伍 Ch血1andAusialia are Malaysia’ s蚀妞Ⅱoml markets,

A Tme

B False

C Notstated

5 There had been a gradual dec1ine h exports to North丿 血 耐 ca since⒛ 03。

A Tme

B False

C Notstated

In⒛臼 ,N帅 EastA。 ia was Malaysia’ stop expo⒒ market。

A Tme

B False

C Notstated

Ma1aysia ean1ed more thaⅡ twice△om exports to Poland刂han exports to Iran。

A Tme

B False ·

C Notstated

800/3/E*孔k question paper^CONFDENTIAL Ⅲ血1曲e test沁 ove⒈

ITurⅡ ①ver

CON△ IDENTIAL+

CONFIDENTIAL*

￡”“芬r0附 8勿 14曰昭 3箔c歹 o刀 砌召ヵ JJolI/j刀 g`鲋 sqg召 ,

A team ofloca1scientists has come up with a miniamre1aboratoΓ y which can snifF

out bird flu in even the Fnost far-丑ung1ocauons, The pa11n-size device can te11if a

person Or anhnal has contracted the II5NI foIIII of曲 ev山Ⅱ in1ess than30rninutes。

And it can do so even at the earliest stages ofthe disease,when a Ⅴicthn has yetto

show any symptoms. 5

According to 伍e Inst"vte of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology research

scienjs1Juergen Pipper,who led the efFort∶ ‘‘The answers you wⅡ l get are∶ AmIinfected? Ifyes,how severe is it?”

Wh扯 sets⒒ apart iom others which are a1ready available coⅡ mercia11y is that

it is a self-contained laboratory on a chip。 It can be used by rnedical or aid workers 10

to detect the H5NI virus d加 ∞tly from throat swab samples.Chicken dropping

samp1es can also be tested for伍 e Ⅴhvs。 The device uses the goldˉ standard of

tests-ˉPolymerase Chain Reaction (PC⑷ -ˉto make photocopies of geneucmateoa1so that even minute amounts can be detected.

Tests have shown that it is around 10ti【 nes faster than avaⅡ ab1e tests, yet 15

40to100dmes cheape△ 曲e researchers s缸 d,because each sample droplet^sominuscu1e that the cost for reagents drops. The research is ti1nely,given that bird

nu。 ften s缸伙es in mral areas such as backyard fams.S缸 d research scientist Lisa

Ng ofthe Genome Institutc of Singapore,another teana rnember∶ “The device canbe easⅡ y taken to the field,where it wⅡ l be able to detect the vims the moment a 20

person is infected,ra山 er than having to wah for10days or so for symptoms to

appea⒈ This wⅡ l aⅡow the au伍 oⅡties to act faster,” said D⒈ Ng。

B△d iiu is entrenched in the region,Ⅵ o曲 coun“es such as Indonesia s饣 uggⅡngto curb it. At least85Indonesians have died frorll the disease,the highest in the

wodd. The Wodd Health Orgaisation,which is coordinating the g1obal response 25

to human cases,has s缸 d that the next influenza panden1ic、 ⅣOuld1ike1y be ofanavian varle、、and it could afect some I.5bⅡⅡon people.

Instimte ofMolecular and Cell Bology princil【 ,al coordinato毛 Masa】:1ImiInoue,

one ofthe coˉ authors and the leading inventor ofthe H5NI detection kit currently

being used in hospita1s,said that work o ongoing to allow伍 e device to test multlple 30

pa伍ogens at a血ne,such as sARS and other respiratory v加 烬es.

‘勹

`potential pandeⅡ1ic may not come mere1y flom H5NI,as such vhuses are

notoⅡous for mutating and gene reasso血 nent。 So,it Ⅵ注Ⅱ be cHtical to castthe net

wIder,” he sa1d.

Commenting on山 e efFort,D⒈ Ⅱmothy Barkham,seⅡ or consultant,patho1ogy 35and laboratory rnedicine at Tan Tock Seng lΙ osp⒒a1,said.thatit was exciting work。‘‘I wOu1d be very Ⅱ1terested to1Fy it0酞,’ he said,

(Adapted from r饧 纟srrc莎rs r”御贺,september24,200D

8 The phrase″″ヵ庇7彻冫召 助3o石四ro〃 (lhe1)descrbes the se1f-cont缸 ned nature ofthe urd nudetecto⒈

A Tme

Fa1se

Not stated

BC唰

08

*This question paperis CoNFⅡ DENTIAL untilthe testis ove⒈ CONFIDENTIAL*

CONFIDENTIAL*

9 The urd flu detector can deteI⋯ iⅡe the seveⅡ ty ofthe infecuon。

A Tme

B False

C Notstated

10 0ne advantage of the bird flu detector is that it idenufies the symptoms of a person infected

with H5NI vims.

A Tme

B False

C Notstated

11 Which ofthe fo11oⅥ 注ng statements descⅡ bes tbe bkdflu detector?

A It can detectthe disease on。 e sympto1ms have appeared。

B It produces resdts almostiⅡ m⒛ (亡ljiately but costs more.

C Itcan detect b△d Ⅱu in man and ani1na1s,

12The following are advantages ofthe recently invented urd nu detect。 r eXcept.

A ⒒o small and easily taken to the neld

B itcan记 enti灯 not only the HsNI v山"but also⒒

s vanous s饣 ahs

C it can detectthe说 ms directly iom throat swab sampks and chicken droppings

13The te..Ⅱ 臼刀j勋D扫 co〃彬crc沏JJy(1ine9)means that some伍 iⅡg

A iζ so1d cheaply

B can be plIrchased

C can make apront

14 .¨ jJ l//j〃 3召 C彳万c曰Jro cJsr仂纟刀c∫ vj抛r,¨ αines33and34)Th“ 沁because

A thespread ofsARS and o伍 er respiratory viIuses Ⅵ汀11be a globa1problem

B the nextiⅡ auenza pandeⅡ 1ic wⅡ l afect about1.5bⅡ Ⅱon peρ p1e

C diseases wⅡ 1be caused by path° gens other than the lΙ 5NI vLus

800/3/E ITurn① ver艹扌h“ quesdo众 paper悠 CONFIDENTIAL mtil Ⅱetest沁 ove⒈ CONFIDENTIAL艹

CONFIDENTIAL*

g勿 贺

`'。

刀s15ro21四 昭 39scJ o刀 砀 cyo`bw” 勹g`日 ss日g召 ,

The simpIe Choice

We are enteⅡ ng an era ofunprecedented choice. Butis that a good thing?AmazOn,

iTunes,eBay ofFer vanety on a scale uni1naginable even a decade agO. AmazOn

sells rnore than150000videos,600000CDs and near1y three FnⅡ lion books,to say

nothing ofa few million toys,household goods and o伍 er“ems.Yet,猫 the variety

expands,so does伍 e gmmbling aboutit,especially iom伍 ose who worry aboutthe

effect ofruna、 vay consumerisn1on societv and culture.

The Fnost influential of these sceptics is Barry Schwartz,who argues in‘‘The

Paradox of Choice’’@004)that toO much choice o oppressiⅤ e。 He c⒒ed a now

famous s缸 dy of consumer behavow血 a supe1I..狩 k⒍.Researchers set up one

table with s仅 choces ofjam,and another wi仇 24ch⒍ces,The more chocesthey ofered,the less customers boug酞,and the less satis￡ ed they were with thcir

purchase,The extra options had put伍 em outsⅡ e thor jam-selection comfOrt

zone— strawberry,b1ueberry。 raspberry and into the exotic terl△ toγ oflemoncwd and organic boysenbeⅡ y. Indecision and buyer’ s remorse began to cloud the

picture.

Now con蛀 der AmazOⅡ .It,too,se11s jam,as it happens,Not si〉 【l【inds,or

24kinds,but Fnore than12001onds。 Sure1y its visionary Chief Executive Omcer

(CEO),JefBezOs,心 familiar with the1essons of伍ejam expeⅡ ment,Yet he drcw

the oppos汛 e conclusion about choice. l诳 ore is better,he decided。 And ifthe gro哂 吨hofArnazOn is any guide,he was Ⅱght。

What Bezos understands is the diference be“ Ⅳeen the physical and onⅡ ne

wOrlds. In a store, the only conslImer guide is the marketing materia1on the

package and9possib玩 the advice ofa sales clerk.On1ine,伍 ere are nearly h￡nite

ways to tap Inarket info1Ⅱ lation. You can sOrt by pⅡ ce,ratings,date,best se11ers

or custOmer reviews, You can compare poces across products,and you can goog1e

endless reading on the product。

So AmazOn has brought Order to choice,The problem with the supe.IIIarket

心dsorde⒈ a11the goods are shown⒍ multaneOus玩 and alI you have to so⒒ 曲emⅥ泛d1is whatever brand info.Ⅱ Iation has been lodged in yow brain by expeoencc Or

advcrtising,and the marketing1nessages ofthe packaging and she1fplacement.

ⅣΙost ofthe info.Ⅱ Iation on AmazOn-popu1ano尼 prices,etc.-ˉ is avaⅡ ab1e to

supe1⋯arkets,too。 But they typ妃 ally don’ t share it with the customer because

there’s no good way to do it shortofrnini-screens on each she1￡ WhⅡ e that’s easy

in an onⅡne store,⒒’s impossible in the physical wor1d.

The curse of atOms is thatthey can be in only one p1ace at a t虹 ne. Bits,on the

other hand,can be copied and presented in new ways without ⅡⅡ1it. In the bⅡ cks-

and△nortar wodd,aⅡ custOmers expeⅡence the same store, Inthe onⅡ ne wor1d,it’ s

pOss山 le for each customer to exper忆 nce a diferent storc,u"quely customised to

his or her profile and preferences.

And therein lies the ans、 ver to the paradox of choice, If you make it easy for

people to ohoose,伍 ey△1always p忆 k more v洫〃 over less.But if rs hard to

choose,they settle for the simpⅡ city of1i1n"ed ⅤaHeo” The paradox of choice is

蛀mply an artifact of the Ⅱmitaton of伍 e phys忆al World,where曲 e infomatonnecessary to Fnake an info1ⅡIed choice is lost.

800/3/E*TⅡs quesjon oaper。 CONFIDENTIAL untⅡ the test必 ove⒈

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15

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25

30

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40

CONFIDENTIAL*

15

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18

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CONFIDENTIAL*

The conventional wisdom was oght∶ more choice rea11y“ be倪e⒈ Butnow we 45know伍at variety alone o not enou理 丸 we also need iⅡfo.⋯洒 on about伍 at v盯忆ty

and what other consumers before have done with伍 e same choices. The ose of

Google,wi伍 ⒒s seemingly om“ sc忆“ a"Ⅱ ty to order the inft“ te chaos ofthe Web

so that what we want comes out on top,showsthe way. Orderit wrong and choice

is oppressive;order it right and it’s liberating. 50

(Adapted iom N⑾ sl/ygε仡Special Edition,Dece血 ber2005-February2006)

The rnain idea ofparagraph1is

A today’ s Web⒍ tes offer a wide var忆 ty ofproducts

B abundant choices encourage consl】 meⅡsm

C a lot ofchoices can be a good or bad thing

In paragraph2,伍 ejam experiηent proved that

A having a wide range ofproducts was not a good thing

B customers prefered the more exot忆 types o句 am

C with rnore ChoiCes customers、 vould buy more

JefBezos suCCeeded mainly because

A he beⅡeved thatthe rnore choicesthe be倪 er

B he learntabout marketing from thejam expmment

C he knew the diference be“ 〃een selⅡng in a store and se1Ⅱ ng on1ine

Which ofthe￡ o11oⅥ注ng is not an advantage ofshopping onⅡ ne?

A Productinfo.Ⅱ Iation can be custo¤ 1ised.

B The pⅡ ces ofproducts ofered are cheape⒈

C There is rnore info...^ation about伍 e products,

.¨ jr奋 ヵm`o雨3助 切 砀召

`hysjc曰`l/,@rJd αine34)What。 impossible is

A to prov⒈虫已product infoIⅡ Iation according to customers’ requests

B tO GOmpare伍 e poces ofsilnilar products in伍 e1market

C to putrnore Fnini-screens on each shelf

The wⅡter o ofthe o∮ 血oη that

A Bary Schwanz、 v忆w饴 。ght ·

B the critics oftoo rnany choices are wrong

C the paradox ofchoce o uncritically accepted

21 The wrlter is online shopping.

A sceptical of

B suppo⒒ iⅤe of

C neutraltowards

800/3/E*This question paperis CONFIDENTIAL unti1the test is ove⒈

ITurn overCONFIDENTIAL*

CONFIDENTIAL*

口勿贺拓臼t22ro29伢昭 3贸昭亻o刀 砀c/oJJol/I,9mg`Jss四gε .

1 As befits an industrh1oed com饣 觅 Brit缸n、 pub1忆-health problems are those of

weal伍 ratherthanpover铋 Butbeneathhead1ines about fat,ogarettes and anational

epidemic ofdrunkenness,钿 o diseases that were be1ieved vanquished decades ago

are re-emerging.Both are lihked to iⅡ ⅡnLgation.

2 On December29th,the Department ofHea1d△ confi1.Ⅱed what doctors have long 5

suspected∶ ri0kets seems to be on曲 e Ⅱse。 The disease-ˉ thought to have been

eradicⅡ d in the1950’ s-stunt grOMh and defomsthe ske1eton,characteristic破 ly

causing bowed legs and worse.

3 The other disease is tuberculosis,d娅 n1y remembered as an amicti。 n。 f sluⅡ 1-

dwe11ers and glamorous `Ⅱ ctoⅡ an poets。 Antibiotics and a national-screening 10

progra-e had a11but咖 ed out曲 e"sease.Yet cases have been increasing since

the mⅡ-1980s,h2000,6323were reported in Britain Oxcludng scotlanΦ ,or11,7fOr each100000people;by2006that had risen to8112,or14.6per100000,

andthetme nvmber o伍 oughtto be hghe⒈

4 M珏ration is involved in the resurgence ofboth conditions,though in difFerent 15ways,Ⅱ cke“ o usually caused by a1ack Of"tamin D,which必 needed to absorb

calcium to buⅡ d bones. l￠Ιost Ⅴitan1in D isrnade when skin is exposed to sunⅡ ght.

NotFnuch sunshine is needed-— around151ninutes a day in su11mer-ˉ but obtaining

itin B血ain,Ⅵo伍 its grey cⅡ mate,house-bound chⅡ dren and omcia1warnings about

skin cancer,can be缸 c盱 skin∞ lolIr matters too∶ dark-skimed peOp1e require ⒛

more sun. What scant data there are suggest that up to1in100children】1on△ ethnic

ⅡlinoⅡties may sufer from rickets,

5 Whereas Ⅱ1igrants fron△ sunny countries1nay deve1op rickets after amving in

BⅡtt1rin,tuberculo⒍ s is a disease that often cO1nes v"th them. Rates of infecjon

are1owest among natives and highest among i11migrants iom AnHca,where the 25

disease is coz1mon in part because of the spread of AIDs, whose suferers are

particu1arly suscepjb1e to infection. Tuberculosis is most cO11nnon in the poorer

areas of BⅡ tain、 cit忆s,wⅡch tend tO have high h旺匝grant populatons and

where pov∝饣 and depnⅤaton erode re“ stance to the(i1isease.Newham,a poor

east London borough伍 at h home to many immigrant fami1ies,has aro1md100 30infections per100000people,伍 e Ⅱghest rate in伍e country and comparable to

China、 figure.

6 In theory,1Ⅱ ckets is easy to cure∶ ofncial advice is to get rnore sunshine and,for

pregnant women and young chldren,to take vitamh D supplements(伍 ough onlyaround a fiIth ofmothers heed“ ).Tuberculosk o harderto stamp out。 Vaconatons 35which used to be universal, have been re-introduced for chⅡdren in high-Ⅱsk

areas.IⅡ migrants from coun⒒ es with伍 e dsease are ofered screenhg when they

田ive,al曲ough Ch吣 GⅡm伍s,a tubercu1osis expe⒒ at Queen Mary,University of

London,reckons山 e system抬 too leaky to catch all σfthem.Often山 ose most at

Ⅱsk are hardestto reach, One drug-resistant strain has been circu1adng in Camden 40

and IsⅡ ngton for nve years,especia11y among homeless people and ex-pⅡ soners。

This has prompted suggestions that sufFerers be detained in seclIre hosⅡ als—a

`Ⅱ

ctorian response to a`Ⅱ ctoⅡ an disease.

(Adapted from r助 纟Ec。刀。〃沁钅January5,200o

800/3/E*Th灬 question paper k CONFIDENTIAL untⅡ the test、 oⅤe⒈ CONFIDENTIAL*

CONFIDENTIAL*

22The word v曰 刀g钌沁乃c'che3)has the same meaning asthe fo11owing ekcept

A confl...1ed(Ⅱ ne5)

B eradicated fline7)

C w0ed out αine1t)

23A cⅡ ld suIFeⅡ ng from Ⅱckets o Ⅱkely to

A have shortlegs

B be fairiⅡ comp1exion

C grow ataFnuCh s1ower rate

24 Which ofthe fo11oⅥ 汀ng questions is answered by paragraph4?

A How can蚰皿igrants avoⅡ g眈i鸭 ricket四

B Whydoi111migrants develop Ⅱckets h BⅡtain?

C WhatisthelhⅡ【be小〃een dark-skinned irn△ n丘grants and rickets?

25 Which ofthe fo11oⅥ 沁ng ideas is Ⅱ①t found in paragraph5?

A Tuberculo“ s o re1ated to pove姆

B There^a Ⅱnk be钿een mberculo⒍ sandAIDs.

C The rate ofinfection oftubercu1osis in London is the same as thatin China,

266叻召‘扛叨爹rcs沁勿刀莎srrn切 肋甜 D召纟刀cjrc叨助莎j殛歹⋯/o‘扑 e'曰rs,¨ (1ines40and41)The wⅡ ter

cites this examp1e to supportthe idea that

A itis dimcultt。 con“菹n tuberculosis

B 缸berculosis is rnore rampant among the homeless

C tuberculosis suferers need to be confined in hosp“ als

27 Whatis仅 ue about Ⅱckets and tubercu1osis?

A They can be easily cwed。

B They are migrant-related dseases,

C They were eradicated in the1950s。

28 The gist ofthe passage is

A the spread ofdiseases aInong iⅡ Ⅱnl臣ants

B 伍e increase in cases ofⅡ ckets and缸berCulosis ·

C there-emergence ofdiseases that were beⅡ eved to have been stamped out

29The ideas h the passage are developed mainly曲 rough

A cause and efect

B problem and solution

C compare and contrast

800/3/E 卩、rn over*Thk quesjon paper k CONFIDENTIAL untⅡ the test k oⅤ e⒈ CONFIDENTIAL艹

CONFIDENTIAL*

gΞ邰 矽氵。刀s30勿 37曰昭 3四sc歹 @刀 肠召丿。Jfc,l/,,J缌

`四

ss四g召 .

1 0n a cⅡ sp aummn moming,the dewjust rising from the nelds,dozens ofchildren

streamed into the小Ⅳo-room schoolin this sma11poorvi11age,theirhair freshly oⅡ ed,

used Ⅱce sacks tuCked under their arlns for1ack of chairs to s⒒ on. One teacher

showed up90Fninutes late. A secOnd was a no show. The senior-most teacher,the

Only one w⒒ h a teaching degree,was beⅡ eⅤed to be on of【 :1cial goverlment dut”“When they get older,they’ ll cl】 rse their teachers,’

’said Amab Ghosh,26,a socia1

worker trying to help the govemment improve its schools,as he stared at clusters

ofchⅡ dren sitting on the grass, ‘‘They’ ll say.‘ We oame every day,and we learned

noJ1ing.”

2 Sixty years after independence,w⒒ h40pcr cent of its populauon under18,

India is confronting the perⅡ s ofits faⅡ t】re to educate its citizens,notably thc poo⒈

MOre Indian chⅡdren are ih schoo1than eⅤ erbefOre,butthe quaⅡ ty ofpubⅡ c schools

has sunk to spectacularly low1eⅤ e1s,as goverlment schOols have become reserves

ofchildren at伍 e verv bottom Ofthe Indian socia11adde⒈

3 India has long had a legacy of、Ⅳeak schoohng for the masses of its young,

eⅤen as it has promoted high quaⅡty govcr11ment-nnanced universities。 ]But if in

伍e past,a largely poor and agr舶 an naton could aford to leave mⅢ ons ofitspeoplc iⅡ terate,that o no longerthe case.Not oⅡ ly has the rOaring economy hit a

sho⒒age ofsh11ed1abour,but the nation’ s rnany new roads,phones and television

sets have扯1ed new·ambitions for econoⅡ 1ic advancement among its people-and

new expectations】or schools to help them achieⅤ e it.

4 Thatthey rem缸 n Ⅱl-eq碰pped to do so is clearly Ⅱhstratcd by an amual suⅣ ey,

conducted by Pratham,the organization￡ or which Ghosh、 Ⅴorks, Tllc latest survey,canHed out across 16000vⅡ lages in2007fOund that、 〃hⅡe many more chⅡ dren

were sitting in class than before,vast numbers of them cou1d not read,wⅡ tc Or

perfo1Ⅱ.basic anthmetic,to say nothing ofthosc who were notin schoo1at a11.

5 Education experts and on⒍ cia1s debate the reasons for the faⅡ lIre. On the one

hand,some argue,the chi1dren ofilliterate parents are1ess1ikely to get help at home,

more1ike1y to be malnouΠ shed or in poor health,and therefore have a harder ti1ne

leaming。 Others b1ame longstanding neg1ect and insumcient pubⅡ c inⅤestment in

education,along with a lack ofrnotivation among teachers to pay special attention

to poor,outcaste chⅡ dren,

6 Arguments aside,India is engaged in an epic expeⅡ rnent tO upⅡ ft its schoo1s.

Along the、 犭`ay1ic1nany hurd1cs,and Ghosh,on his visits to vⅡ

lages like this one,

encounters them aⅡ . E⒈her the aides who haⅤe been h△ cd tO draw more ⅤⅡlagechⅡ dren into school comp1ain thatthey haⅤ e not reCeiⅤ ed rnoney to buy educational

materials,or the schoo1has stopped seⅣ ing1unch even though sacks of rice are

pⅡed in the classroon△ or a parent agrees to e11rol his s♀ n in school,but knows that

he wⅡ 1soOn send the chⅡ d away tO wOrk.

7 Or wOrst of al廴 frorn Ghosh’ s perspectiⅤ e, a11these sdck~thin, bright-eyed

chⅡ dren trickle intO school eⅤ ery mon1ing and take back so li悦 le, “They’ re conⅡng

、vith some hope of getting something,’ ’Ghosh muttered。 ‘叮t’ s our fault we can’ t

give them anything,”

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8 Even here, 山e kind of p1ace fron△ which Ⅱ1i11ions of uneducated men and

women have仃 aditiona11y migrated to oties for work,an appetite for education has 45

begun to set in, An educated person would not only be1nore lkely to find a good

job,parents here reasoned,but also less likely to be cheated in a bad one。 ‘△want

my children to do something,to advance themselves'’ is how l、`刂

[ohall△ned Alam

Ans舶 put it,‘ 叮o do山 atthey must st∝驭”

9 Education in the new India has become a crucial marker ofinequality,Among 50

the poorest20per cent ofthe population,ha1fare i1Ⅱ terate and barely小Ⅳo per cent

graduate from high schoo1accordiⅡ g to govenⅡnent data。 l3y contrast among the

ochest20per cent of曲 e populatioⅡ ,nearly ha1fare high school graduates and only

枷 o per cent are ilⅡ terate.

10 ‘‘The link bebⅣeen ge枕ing your chⅡ dren prepared and being part of this big 55

changing Inma o certain1y there h everyone’ s minds,” said Ruhini Bane犭 i,the

research director of Pratham. ‘‘The question is∶ what’s the best way to get there,

how muchto do,whatto do?Asa∞ untry Ithink we are trying to ngwe伍 is out.’’

Ⅱ “rwew缸t盯1o伍er5or10years,” she added,‘γou are gohg to lose mⅡ ons

ofchildren.” 60

(Adapted from ffcⅡ 曰山丿Tr氵 3〃刀c,January17,20OS,

30 Paragraph1draws a枕 enuon t。 the

A poveny ofthe vi11agers

B ove⒈crowded classroom

C lack ofnx茳Ⅱties in the school

D eagemess ofthe chⅡ dren to attend schoo1

31 In paragraph3,the wr汛 er deⅤelops his ideas through

A cause and efect

B problem and sohtion

C coηpare amd contrast

D exampleand⒒ lus饣auon

32 .¨ 砀σ矽沁 刀o Jo四g纟r砀召c邵ε。(line18)This impⅡ es that

A the young today need to be educated

B weak schooⅡng should no1onger be an Indian legacy

C in an agΠ culmral society the young wi11remain illiterate

D the poor still cannot afFord to send their children to school

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33W‰ ch of伍e fo11owing are reasons for刀 召v曰〃3j莎fo附 /or cc。刀@啊记 α凼 α″“聊 c刀J(line2o)?

I The gToⅥ泛ng economy

II SchooⅡηg of山 e1nasses

III A shortage ofskⅡ 1ed labow

IⅤ H螅h quality tertiary educaton

A IandII

B IandⅡ I

C ⅡandIV

D ⅡIandIV

34 In paragraph5,the wr“ er1nenuons reasons for the chⅡ dreⅡ’s faⅡuFe to leanl。 Which ofthe

fo11oⅥ注ng is not rnenJoned as a reason?

A The healu1。 fthe chⅡdren is poo⒈

B Thechi1dren need to help out at home.

C Teachers neg1ect chⅡ &en who are poo⒈

DI11iterate parents are mab1e to help伍 eir cⅡ 1dren.

35 According to the ηt⒒e△ which ofthe foⅡ oⅥ注ng is the greatest obstacle to educating thc youⅡ g?

A CⅡldlabow

B schoo11unches Ⅱot provided

C A lack ofeducational mateⅡ als

D ChⅡ dren notleaming much in schoo1

36E幽叹刀r汩刀扔 仂召刀御 姒d泅 尼邵 D召c0彬召曰C膨r勿`啊

曰⒎切ro/切印勿劢 狃 Cine5o)TⅡ s means伍atin Inda today

A education d卜 Ⅱesthe Ⅱch iom伍 e poor

B there is an awareness ofthe importance ofeducation

C 伍e1ack ofeducaton has prevented the poor from seclIrlng goodjobs

D whⅡ e20per cent ofthe poor are i11iterate,on1y“ 〃o per cent ofthe Ⅱch are iⅡiterate

37 The purpose of山ea“icle is to

A cⅡt忆

^eB ente⒒缸Ⅱ

C mot卜 ate action

D provide soluuons

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g″ 6rj。 刀s38ro45ε 昭 3四s纟歹 o刀 仂 cyo`Jo〃氵〃g`围ss四gc.

InⅡoceⅡ Ce aⅡ d ExperieⅡ ce

饧 沁 沁 夕刀 g昭召叩 J/ro″ 夕srov曰 3@沥 JJf,夕刀6纟 栩 昭氵酽 c刀r力昭J`J贺 j刀 砀εI/nj招歹

s勿rgs。 饧 c彻vヵ 昭

'`j贺

j刀 砀c sJov曰昭 仂ε∫o/凡姒 @肋 奋ε刀歹砀召wr氵勿rj.勤`o仂

lI,箔 山夕 0炀 岔‘饧咙幽 招`lv屁

@四历 昭 歹j刀 砀εI/m讶ε歹s勿rcs曰莎砀cqFo//o勿 r招 g刀 伢刀歹

砀cl【,rj勿r㈧撼 刀扔ε·丨/1'`乃 C刀 s乃εrrsr昭εr尼ε〃

X乙yokosan camein Septembe⒈ I was surprised tO see sO very nearly a wOman;

short,robus1buxon⒈ the feFnale counterpart of her fatheL ⅣΙ⒒Oka brought her

proudly to us.

‘t冫i优1eˇΙasako hOre`’ for the first thne to my recoI1ection,he touched1me;he

put h跽 rough fat hand on thetop ofmy head,‘‘is Ⅴery smartin schoo1.She wⅢ help

you with your schoo1work,XΙ yoko'’ he s缸 d,

I have so1ooked fonvard to Kiyoko-san’ s aH△va1。 She wOu1d be mysou1rnate;

h my mindI had∞咖 lred a匪 r1ofmy ow11proportion∶ thin and tall,but with曲 e

re￡nement and beauty I ddn△ yet possess that would sl】 re1y sOmeday come to伍 e

fore, ⒈汪y disappoi11扭 nent Was keen and apparent. X乙 yoko-san stepped fon〃 ard

s蚋、then retrcated wi伍 a short bow and sma11纽 ggle,her nnger pressed to her

mouth。

⒈丌y mother took her a、 vay. They ta1ked for a1ong t虹ne-about Japan,about

eⅢOl1nentin an American schoo1the clothes Kiyoko-san wOuld need,and where

to1ook for the best va1ues。 As I watched them,it occuⅡ ed to me that I had becn

deceived∶ this was not a chⅡ d,this was a woman. The sⅡ 1i1e pressed behind her

且ngers,the way of her nod,so br忆 ￡1ike my mother when father scolded he⒈

the face was inscmtable,butsome曲 ing—maybe her咖 rit-—shrank vis此 玩 1keap忆ce of蛀 k h wate⒈ I was山sapponte吨 K灯oko-san、 sou1was b盯⒒caded in her

unenchanting appearance and the sⅡ 1i1e she fenced behind her∫ 讠ngers。

She started school fron△ d1ird grade;one below1△e,and as it tumed ou1shequ忆kly passed me by.There w孙 n’ t much I could help her wi伍 except to dⅡ 11

her on pronunciation-ˉ the‘‘L” and‘

‘R” sounds, EⅤery Fnoming walking to our

rLlra1schoo⒈ 屁刀饣泷 屁1如 ″3石曰-'Jo曰刀,扔 订 every aRemoon retl】 rning home∶ 石曰刀,

阳 DDj伤 r砌,刀″s色 阳〃。That was the extent Of our∞ mmunication;Ⅲ endly but

uninteresting.

One particu1arly cold Novembcr night-— the Ⅵ泛nd outside was icy; I was

sitting on my bed,rny brother’ s and Ⅱ1ine,oⅡ ing the cracks in my chapped hands

by lamplightˉ ˉ someone rapped urgently at otlr doo⒈ It was KiyokO-san;she was

hyster忆al,she wOre nO wrap,her teeth were chattering,and except for伍 e thin

straw zor九 her feet were bare. ⒈冱y mother led her to the kitchen,started a pot of

tea,and gesmred to my bro仇er and me to retire. I lay very sti11but because ofrny

brother’ s resuess t。 s⒍ng and my father’ s snoⅡng,was unab1e to hear much. I was

aware,though,that dmnken and savage brawling had brought KiyOko-san to us。

Presendy they came to伍 e bedroom.I feigned sleep。 My mother spoke fiIⅡ Ily∶

“TomoⅡow you wⅡlremm totheⅡ 、you Fnust not1eave then1again. They are your

people.” I could a11nost fee1XⅡ yoko-san’ s short nod,

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A11n皂扯long I lay cramped and stm,a△ 缸dt。 h铷de into her hu1Ⅱ ng back.

Two or three umes her允 y feet jabbed into miⅡ e and quickly retreated.h伍 e

moming I found my mother’s gow【 l neady fo1ded on the spare pⅡ1ow。 XⅡyoko-

san’s placein bed was co1d。 45

she never came to weep at olIr hOuse again butI know she cⅡ ed∶ her eyes were

oRen swollen and red.She stopped much of her gi￡ :g1ing and routinely pressed

her fingers to her mouth. Our daⅡ y pronunciajon gⅡ11petered oσ fron△ 1ack of

interest, She walked sⅡ ently w“h her shoulders hunched,grasping her books Ⅵ注th

both anms,and when I spoke to herin my ha1ting Japanese,she absently coⅡ ected 50

my prepos⒒ ions。

SpⅡng comes ear1y in the Va11ey;in Febmary the skies are clear though the air

sti11cold.By1诳 arch,Winds are vigorous and warm and wi1d Ⅱowers dotthe desert

floor, cockleblIrs are green and not yet tenacious,the sand is cmsty underfoo1

eve唧 ere there“ a sme11ofthings growing and伍 e nrst t。 matoes are showhg 55

green and bald.

As the weather changed,Kiyoko-san became no饪 ceably more cheeral。 № .

Oka who hated so to driⅤ e cou1d often be seen steenng his dusty o1d Ford over

the road that passes ow house,and XΙ yoko-san sitting in iont would someti1nes

wave gaily to us.Mrs.Oka was never wi伍 them.I thought of these“ ps as the ω

westemizing of图yoko-san∶ with a pe.I.Ianent wave,her straight black hair became

tang1es of tiny JBrantic cwls;be“ 〃een her textbooks she carrled copies of Jzbo匕 msc·昭召″曰″歹P助oropJ° 1her clothes were gaywithpont andpⅡ ing,and she bought a

pair ofbrown suede shoes with a11igator tnm.

(Adapted iom Judi伍 A.Standford1996.RcΨ o刀历殛〃o Lj招阳 彻昭。

MOuntain Ⅵ ew,Califomh Ma】,厂J:1eld PublisⅡ ng Company,)

38 The wrlter was disappointed with Kiyoko because she

A 1ooked1Ⅱ <【冫her father

B behaved like herrnother

C was nottoo CO1mmun忆 ative

D was more mature than she expected

39f旬'o仂

-s曰刀岔so耐 w邵 D曰〃jc曰栳歹扔 屁cr勿刀ε刀c肋曰〃J刀g铆V幽阳刀c召 硼 歹砀召s〃j助 s助ε虍刀cε歹

乃e助力饣歹屁cr彡″gcrs.α hes23and24)Wh忆 h ofthe follOwing words fits K圩oko’s descⅡpton?

A L11reⅤeaⅡng

B UnattracjⅤ e

C Resourceful

D spir⒒ed

40 s助cw$匆s勿r汜曰J αines33and34)because of

A herin曲 i1ity to a内 ustto life in the Us

B the quarelin her family

C herlack ofrnoney ·

D theco1d winter

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4I In paragraph2,⒈汪⒈okas缸 d that Masako rthe wⅡ terJ was very smart。 h which paragraph ddthe wⅡter say that Kiyoko was in fact sluarte`

A Paragraph4

B Paragraph5

C Paragraph6

D Paragraph7

42 The fonction ofparagraph10is to

A descr1be the pass1ng ofume

B emphasise how hard Ⅱfe wasin winter

C signal a change to Kiyoko’s behaviow

D show that Ⅱfe was becoming be钆 er forthe famers

43 The descnption ofXⅡ yoko in paragraph11implies that she

A wastradtonaI

B had confo1I..ed

C became inhibited

D became defens1ve

44Wi伍 reference to Kiyoko,which ofthe fo11owing ls not a characteⅡstic ofbe1ng westemise四

A Reading丿呖 施彻 肋昭幽 御歹J%oroprcy

B We耐 ng brown suede shoes

C Dressing m bⅡ ght dothes

D Havings廿蛀ght black hak

45 The wHter’s intention rnay be descⅡ bed as

A narating changes in the Ⅱvral Ⅱfe ofⅡ1igTant famⅡ ies

B contrasting1raditiona1values among rnigrant Japanese famiⅡ es

C tracing the a哟 ustments made by Japanese families in the United States

D Ⅱghl瑭“ing the dference between her Ⅱfe and o伍 er Japanese immigrants

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