MAKING OUR WORLD DISASTER RESILIENT

“Good Success” Will be Our Legacy

DISASTER RESILIENCE HAS A

VERY HIGH BENEFIT/COST

1 < BENEFIT/COST <

1000

THE PAYOFF IS

GREATER SAFETY,

SECURITY, HEALTH

CARE, AND QUALITY

OF LIFE FOR

EVRYONE

AT PRESENT, OUR WORLD IS

NOT DISASTER RESILIENT

• INDUSTRIAL

ACCIDENTS

• FLOODS

• SEVERE

WINDSTORMS

• EARTHQUAKES

• TSUNAMIS

AT PRESENT, OUR WORLD IS

NOT DISASTER RESILIENT

• DROUGHTS

• VOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS

• LANDSLIDES

• WILDFIRES

JANUARY 29, 2015

MILLIONS OF

COMMUNITIES ARE NOT

RESILIENT TO

INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS

A Routine Delivery of Gas to a

Maternity Hospital in Mexico

City Leads to a Deadly

Explosion Killing 4 and Injuring

Dozens

January 29, 2015

ELEMENTS OF THE DISASTER

• The explosion occurred when a gas

tanker was making a routine, early

morning delivery of gas to the hospital

kitchen, and gas started to leak.

• The tanker workers worked for 15 to 20

minutes to repair the leak while a large

cloud of gas was forming, then

exploded.

ELEMENTS OF THE DISASTER

• The explosion sent up an

enormous fireball and plumes

of dust and smoke.

• The Hospital caught fire and

collapsed.

MEXICO: GAS EXPLOSION

MEXICO: GAS EXPLOSION

SMALL THIS TIME, BUT IT COULD

HAVE BEEN MUCH WORSE

• The maternity hospital is located on the

western edge of Mexico’s densely

populated capital.

• It is located in a middle class

neighborhood, next to a school.

• Miraculously, the hospital’s oxygen

tanks were not affected by the

explosion or fire.

JANUARY 29,

2015MILLIONS OF

COMMUNITIES ARE NOT

RESILIENT TO FLOOD

DISASTERS

BUILDING IN FLOOD PLAIN

FLOODS

INUNDATION AND SCOUR

INTERACTION WITH

HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

EFFECTS OF WATER ON

STRUCTURE & CONTENTS

INCREASED POTENTIAL FOR

HEALTH PROBLEMS,

INJURIES, AND DEATH

LOSS OF FUNCTION OF

CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

VULNERABILITY OF NON-

STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS

CAUSES

OF RISK

CASE HISTORIES

LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT

DISASTER RESILIENCE

ALL FLOODS

PREPAREDNES

FOR THE

EXPECTED AND

UNEXPECTED IS

ESSENTIAL FOR

BECOMING

DISASTER

RESILIENT

LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT

DISASTER RESILIENCE

ALL FLOODS

EARLY WARN-

ING (THE ISS)

AND EVACU-

ATION ARE

ESSENTIAL

FOR DISASTER

RESILIENCE

LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT

DISASTER RESILIENCE

ALL FLOODS

TIMELY

EMERGENCY

RESPONSE IS

ESSENTIAL

FOR DISASTER

RESILIENCE

LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT

DISASTER RESILIENCE

ALL FLOODS

RECOVERY

AND RECON-

STRUCTION

USUALLY TAKE

LONGER THAN

THOUGHT.

JANUARY 29,

2015MILLIONS OF COMMUNITIES

ARE NOT RESILIENT TO

HURRICANE OR TYPHOON

DISASTERS

WIND AND WATER

PENETRATE BUILDING

ENVELOPE

SEVERE

WINDSTORMS

UPLIFT OF ROOF SYSTEM

FLYING DEBRIS PENETRATES

WINDOWS

STORM SURGE AND HEAVY

PRECIPITATION

IRREGULARITIES IN

ELEVATION AND PLAN

POOR WORKMANSHIP

IGNORING NON-STRUCTURAL

ELEMENTS

CAUSES

OF RISK

CASE HISTORIES

LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT

DISASTER RESILIENCE

ALL WIND-

STORMS

PREPAREDNES

FOR THE

EXPECTED AND

UNEXPECTED IS

ESSENTIAL FOR

DISASTER

RESILIENCE

LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT

DISASTER RESILIENCE

• ALL

WINDSTORMS

• WITHOUT

ADEQUATE

PROTECTION, HIGH

VELOCITY WIND

WILL LIFT THE

ROOF OFF OF NON-

ENGINEERED

BUILDINGS.

LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT

DISASTER RESILIENCE

• ALL WINDSTORMS.

• DISASTER-

INTELLIGENT

COMMUNITIES USE

TIMELY EARLY

WARNING TO

EVACUATE PEOPLE

AND TO PREPARE.

LESSONS LEARNED FOR

DISASTER RESILIENCE

• ALL WINDSTORMS

• CAPACITY FOR INTELLIGENT EMERGENCY RESPONSE IS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY

RESILIENCE.

LESSONS LEARNED FOR

DISASTER RESILIENCE

• ALL WINDSTORMS

• CAPACITY FOR RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTIONIS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY

RESILIENCE.

JANUARY 29,

2015MILLIONS OF COMMUNITIES

ARE NOT RESILIENT TO

EARTHQUAKE DISASTERS

INADEQUATE RESISTANCE TO

HORIZONTAL GROUND SHAKING

EARTHQUAKES

SOIL AMPLIFICATION

PERMANENT DISPLACEMENT

(SOIL FAILURE AND SURFACE

FAULTING )

IRREGULARITIES IN MASS,

STRENGTH, AND STIFFNESS

FLOODING FROM TSUNAMI WAVE

RUNUP AND SEICHE

POOR DETAILING OF

STRUCTURALSYSTEM

IGNORING NON-STRUCTURAL

ELEMENTS

CAUSES

OF RISK

CASE HISTORIES

LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT

DISASTER RESILIENCE

ALL EARTHQUAKES

PREPAREDNESS FOR

ALL OF THE LIKELY

AND UNLIKELY

HAZARDS AND

RISKS IS ESSENTIAL

FOR DISASTER

RESILIENCE

LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT

DISASTER RESILIENCE

ALL EARTH-

QUAKES BUILDING CODES

AND LIFELINE

STANDARDS ARE

ESSENTIAL FOR

DISASTER

RESILIENCE

LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT

DISASTER RESILIENCE

ALL EARTHQUAKES

TIMELY

EMERGENCY

RESPONSE IS

ESSENTIAL FOR

DISASTER

RESILIENCE

LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT

DISASTER RESILIENCE

ALL EARTHQUAKES

IF APRIORI PLANS

FOR RECOVERY AND

RECONSTRUCTION

ARE ABSENT, THE

PROCESS WILL BE

LONG, COMPLEX,

AND HIGHLY

POLITICAL

JANUARY 29, 2015

MILLIONS OF COMMUNITIES

ARE NOT RESILIENT TO

TSUNAMI DISASTERS

HIGH VELOCITY IMPACT OF

INCOMING WAVES

TSUNAMIS

INLAND DISTANCE OF WAVE

RUNUP

VERTICAL HEIGHT OF WAVE

RUNUP

INADEQUATE RESISTANCE OF

BUILDINGS

FLOODING

NO WARNING, OR

INADEQUATE WARNING

PROXIMITY TO SOURCE OF

TSUNAMI

CAUSES

OF RISK

CASE HISTORIES

LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT

DISASTER RESILIENCE

• ALL TSUNAMIS.

• DISASTER-

INTELLIGENT

COMMUNITIES USE

TIMELY EARLY

WARNING FROM A

TSUNAMI WARNING

SYSTEM TO

EVACUATE PEOPLE

FROM HARM’S WAY.

LESSON: RECOVERY AND RECON-

STRUCTION IS LONG AND COMPLEX

JANUARY 29,

2015MILLIONS OF COMMUNITIES

ARE NOT RESILIENT TO

DROUGHT DISASTERS

PROLONGED LACK OF

PRECIPITATION

DROUGHTS

LOSS OF SOIL MOSTURE

LOSS OF AGRICULTURAL

PRODUCTIVITY

DEPLETION/POLLUTION OF

GROUND WATER

LOSS OF VEGETATION

INSECT INFESTATION

PROGRESSIVE LOSS OF LAND

BY DESERTIFICATION

CAUSES

OF RISK

CASE HISTORIES

JANUARY 29,

2015MILLIONS OF COMMUNITIES ARE

NOT RESILIENT TO VOLCANIC

ERUPTION DISASTERS

PROXIMITY TO LATERAL

BLAST

VOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS

IN PATH OF PYROCLASTIC

FLOWS

IN PATH OF FLYING DEBRIS

(TEPHRA)

IN PATH OF VOLCANIC ASH

(AVIATION)

IN PATH OF LAVA FLOWS

IN PATH OF LAHARS

IGNORING WARNING TO

EVACUATE

CAUSES

OF RISK

CASE HISTORIES

JANUARY 29,

2015MILLIONS OF COMMUNITIES

ARE NOT RESILIENT TO

LANDSLIDE DISASTERS

BUILDING ON UNSTABLE

SLOPES

LANDSLIDES

SOIL AND ROCK SUCEPTIBLE

TO FALLS

SOIL AND ROCK SUCEPTIBLE

TO TOPPLES

SOIL AND ROCK SUCEPTIBLE

TO SPREADS

SOIL AND ROCK

SUSCEPTIBLE TO FLOWS

EXCESSIVE PRECIPITATION

OR GROUND SHAKING

BARE, OVERSTEEPENED

SLOPES

CAUSES

OF RISK

CASE HISTORIES

LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT

DISASTER RESILIENCE

ALL LANDSLIDES

PREPAREDNES

FOR THE

EXPECTED AND

UNEXPEDTED IS

ESSENTIAL FOR

DISASTER

RESILIENCE

LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT

DISASTER RESILIENCE

ALL LANDSLIDES

TIMELY

EMERGENCY

RESPONSE

(SEARCH AND

RESCUE) IS

ESSENTIAL

FOR DISASTER

RESILIENCE

JANUARY 29,

2015MILLIONS OF COMMUNITIES

ARE NOT RESILIENT TO

WILDFIRE DISASTERS

LIGHTNING STRIKES

WILDFIRES

MANMADE FIRES

PROXIMITY OF URBAN-

WILDLANDS INTERFACE

WIND DIRECTION AND SPEED

DEFORESTATION

DENUDED SLOPES

HOT, DRY WEATHER

CAUSES

OF RISK

CASE HISTORIES

LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT

DISASTER RESILIENCE

ALL WILDFIRES

PREPAREDNES

FOR THE

EXPECTED AND

UNEXPEDTED IS

ESSENTIAL FOR

DISASTER

RESILIENCE

LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT

DISASTER RESILIENCE

ALL WILDFIRES

EARLY WARN-

ING (THE ISS)

AND EVACU-

ATION ARE

ESSENTIAL

FOR DISASTER

RESILIENCE

LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT

DISASTER RESILIENCE

ALL WILDFIRES

TIMELY

EMERGENCY

RESPONSE IS

ESSENTIAL

FOR DISASTER

RESILIENCE

LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT

DISASTER RESILIENCE

ALL WILDFIRES

RECOVERY AND

RECON-

STRUCTION

USUALLY MEANS

HAVING THE

CAPACITY TO

START OVER.

GLOBAL

COMMUNITIESDATA BASES

AND INFORMATION

HAZARDS:GROUND SHAKING

GROUND FAILURE

SURFACE FAULTING

TECTONIC DEFORMATION

TSUNAMI RUN UP

AFTERSHOCKS

• HAZARDS

•PEOPLE & BLDGS.

•VULNERABILITY

•LOCATION

DISASTER ASSESS.

RISK

ACCEPTABLE RISK

UNACCEPTABLE RISK

THE GOAL: DISASTER

RESILIENCE

• PREPAREDNESS

•PROTECTION//PREVENTION

•EARLY WARNING

•EMERGENCY RESPONSE

•RECOVERY and

RECONSTRUCTION

POLICY OPTIONS

TECHNOLOGIES FOR

MONITORING, FORECASTING,

AND WARNING ARE VITAL FOR

BECOMING RESILIENT

THE KEYS TO RESILIENCE: 1) KNOW THE HISTORY OF YOUR

REGION’S DISASTERS,

2) PROTECT, PREVENT, PREPARE

3) HAVE A WARNING SYSTEM

4) EVACUATE

5) LEARN FROM THE

EXPERIENCE AND START OVER