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MAINSTREAMING DISABILITY AND OTHER SOCIALLY

EXCLUDED GROUPS INTO DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT

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DIALOGUE ON INCLUSIVE DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT: CURRENT

PRACTICES, CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

Disaster Preparedness Network Nepal

11 July 2014

Presentation includes

Dimensions of Social Exclusion- MoFALD

Concepts around impairment and Disability- the barriers.

Disasters and Social Exclusion

Why to mainstream Disability into DRR?

Current inclusive DRM approaches

Contributions towards building community resilience- HFA-2

Contributions towards sustainable development and DRR- HFA-2

Contributions towards strengthening risk governance and

Accountability- HFA-2

Challenges and Opportunities.2

Dimension of Social Exclusion

Social

Exclusion

Gender

Ethnicity

Age

Ability

Economic

Status

Geography

3

Impairment and disability

4

Social environment

Physical, economic and legal factors

Socio- cultural factors

Physical environment

Natural environment, Inaccessible Built space

Inaccessible information and communication

What are barriers ?

5

Disaster and Social Exclusion

Quality of life

and dignity

Time

If there is no

disaster

Qu

ality

of life

an

d d

ign

ity

Time

Disaster

Disaster

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Why to mainstream disability into DRR?

Why socially excluded groups into DRR?

� Social Structures: Nature does not dictate that persons with

disabilities should be first to die during disaster. Underlying social

conditions and structure determine their vulnerabilities

� Disability and poverty: Poverty is both cause and consequences of

social exclusion and vice – versa. Socially excluded groups including

persons with disabilities, being poor, live in the area which is exposed

to hazards in poor quality shelters, have less capacities to cope with

disasters.

� Disability and disasters: Excluded groups (including Persons with

disabilities) are more vulnerable due to their limited capacity and

access in disasters due to their impairment, existing barriers and their

socio-economic situation.7

Disaster and Social Inclusion : Concepts around resilience

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Mainstream DRR Services(Non-specialist services for

society in general)

Specialist Services to Empower persons with disabilities

(Rehabilitation services for people with temporary or permanent impairment)

forReducing Vulnerability and Increasing Capacity of persons with

disabilities

Twin Track Approach to Mainstreaming Disability:Promote Access for persons with disabilities to

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Current Approaches to Inclusive DRRDisability Inclusive DRM

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Mainstreaming disability into CBDRM stepsSN CBDRM Steps Some points to be considered to mainstreaming disability

1 Selecting the

community

# of Persons with disabilities houses, proximity to rehabilitation centers,

availability of CDWs, vulnerability and capacity of persons with disabilities

(secondary source),

2 Disaster Risk

Assessment

Identify persons with disabilities with their types and needs. VCA

(Physical, social/ organizational, motivational / attitudinal vulnerabilities

and capacities of persons with disabilities), Mark their homes in

vulnerability maps, Persons with disabilities mobility maps, accessible

shelter, evacuation route, availability of assistive devices etc.

3 Disaster Risk

Management planning

Include specific and general needs of persons with disabilities in national/

district / VDC / community plans. Increase their meaningful participation

in planning. Focus on activities which benefit for all

4 Training and capacity

building

Ensure participation of persons with disabilities in training. Accessible

training venue, effective communication methods (e.g. sign language),

participation of persons with disabilities in training.

5 Community managed

implementation

Participation of persons with disabilities in implementation. Carry out

Accessibility audit, environmental barriers assessment,

6 Monitoring and

Evaluation

Take Accessibility , Communication, Attitudes and Participation (ACAP)

parameters into account while carrying out M & E 11

Common Minimum Inclusive Indicators- DIPECHO-VII

INCLUSION

PARAMETERS

OBJECTIVES

ACCESS

To ensure access for marginalized groups in DRR

activities and to allow /enable them to function as best

they can suitable to their abilities

COMMUNICATION The DRR messages are accessible for ALL including

marginalized groups

ATTIDUDES

The Project staff / DRR / community stakeholders have

skills and positive attitude in usage of appropriate

language towards the marginalized groups and knows

how to address / communicate /support people with

different needs during disaster preparedness and

response phases

PARTICIPATION ALL members (including marginalized groups)

participate and contribute in the DRR process12

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Contribution towards Building Community Resilience

� Segrated demographic survey for identification of excluded groups

including persons with disabilities.

� Capacity building of the excluded groups including persons with

disabilities and the mainstream stream stakeholders around

inclusive DRR practices. (Twin Track Approach).

� Provision of specific services for the persons with disabilities

(assistive / mobility devices for ensuring access to services).

� Mobilization of different socially excluded group in DRM process

(DPOs, VDCC e.t.c)

� Sensitization of service delivery center on inclusion and DRR

(FCHV, health worker, women groups e.t.c)

� Inclusive composition of CDMC/LDMC/Task Forces/PSC.

Contribution towards Building Community Resilience

� Ensured active participation of the excluded groups in DRR

process.

� Inclusive VCA/LDRMP process- ensured the issues and voices of

persons with disabilities and other excluded groups included in the

LDRMP and annual development plans.

� Individual household level preparedness and personalised social

support (linkages with other mainstream services).

� Setting Disability and Vulnerability focal points – Disaster

Preparedness, response and recovery

� Working together with Government on framing policies, guideline,

frame work and in implementation (MT and LDRMP guideline)

Inclusive CDMC

10%

19%

10%

7%

54%

Members of DMC by Vulnerable Groups

Pregnant

women

PwDs

Elderly

Children

Inclusive Local Disaster risk Management Planning (LDRMP) guideline

and inclusive Village Disaster Risk Management Plans (VDRMPs)

Inclusive disaster risk assessment: Building capacity of persons with

disabilities to asses their own vulnerabilities and capacity

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Increased mobility reduces vulnerability

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Composition of partner staff

61%

39%

Partner Staff compositon by gender

Male Female

33%

67%

Partner staff compositon by disability

Persons with disabilities Others

� 33 % of the partners staff are

persons with disability, of

which 50 % are women with

disabilities and 50 % are men

with disabilities.

� Overall, 39 % of the partner

staff are women and 61 % of

the partner staff are men.

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Contribution towards sustainable development and DRR

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• Implementation of the Inclusive CBDP model: Mainstreaming DRRinto Development planning, programme.

Phase 1: National Co-ordination and Collaboration Workshop

Phase 2: District Sensitization workshop

Phase 3: VDC secretary monthly meetings

Phase 4: District Capacity Building

Phase 5: Co-ordination with Line Agencies

Phase 6: DDC update

Phase 7: EWS Capacity Building and Linkages

Phase 8: Co-ordinated Response

Phase 9: VDC DRR Institutionalization

Phase 10: VDC Capacity building

Phase 11: Ward Risk Profile and Community Selection

Phase 12: Community DRR Institutionalization

Phase 13: Community Capacity Building

Phase 14: VCA and CBDRMP

Phase 15: LDRMP Compilation and validation

Phase 16: District Final Sharing

Phase 17: National Final Sharing

Budget Allocated by VDCsSN Districts VDC

2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 TOTAL (A) 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 TOTAL (B)

1 Gobardiya - - - - 80,000 35,000 70,000 185,000 185,000

2 Satbaria - - 40,000 40,000 20,000 50,000 70,000 110,000

3 Sishahania - - 25,000 25,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 30,000 55,000

4 Chailahi - - - - 25,000 15,000 20,000 60,000 60,000

5 Bela - - - - 20,000 18,000 60,000 98,000 98,000

6 Aalital - - - - 5,000 5,000 8,500 18,500 18,500 7 Sirsa - - 100,000 100,000 15,000 25,000 50,000 90,000 190,000 8 Jogbudha - - - - 10,000 10,000 75,000 95,000 95,000

9 Mastamandu - - 30,000 30,000 15,000 15,000 40,000 70,000 100,000

10 Naw adurga - - 23,000 23,000 - 30,000 30,000 60,000 83,000

11 Krihsnapur 340,000 450,000 570,000 1,360,000 25,000 40,000 30,000 95,000 1,455,000

12 Dekhatbhuli 355,000 422,000 445,000 1,222,000 35,000 40,000 35,000 110,000 1,332,000

13 Rampurbilasipur 270,000 258,000 295,000 823,000 25,000 30,000 25,000 80,000 903,000

14 Beldandi 420,000 465,000 380,000 1,265,000 60,000 40,000 30,000 130,000 1,395,000

15 Shankarpur 545,000 650,000 552,000 1,747,000 20,000 24,000 30,000 74,000 1,821,000

TOTAL 1,930,000 2,245,000 2,460,000 6,635,000 345,000 357,000 563,500 1,265,500 7,900,500

Dadeldhura

Kanchanpur

GRAND TOTAL (A+B)

BUDGET ALLOCATED FOR DRM BUDGET ALLOCATED FOR DISABILITY

Dang

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Accessible safe shelters

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Bio- engineering techniques

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Contribution towards strengthening risk governance and

accountability

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Master Trainer concept

• DRR mainstreaming into Sectoral Development plans and

programs: For inclusive Development- Risk transfer

mechanism.

• Budget Allocations by Sectoral Departments.

• Involvement of Chamber of Commerce: Public private sectors.

• Social Inclusion.

Mainstreaming DRR into internal programming and projects.

Challenges

No approved model for Inclusive CBDRM / inclusive CBDP.

No mainstreaming guideline: DRR, social inclusive development.

No specific indicators to measure the inclusivity across the CBDRM andResilience.

Segregated Demographic data's around disability missing.

Participation of persons with disabilities taken as tokenism rather thanensuring their active participation: Inclusion not achieved.

Access to information and services for persons with disabilities a bigchallenge.

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Opportunities

Legal frame works International and National level.

LDRMP / DDMP / NSDRM

Willingness and commitment of the Government forensuring social inclusion (Gender, Persons withdisabilities and other excluded groups) across thesectors.

NRRC and Flagship programmes

Cluster Mechanism

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International Frameworks for Disability and DRR

UNCRPD Article 11: State parties shall take, in accordance with their

obligation under international law, including international humanitarian

law and international human rights law, all necessary measures to

ensure the protection and safety of persons with disabilities in

situation of risks, including situations of armed conflict, humanitarian

emergence and occurrence of natural disasters.

Article 21: Freedom of expression and opinion and access to information.

Article 32: International Cooperation.

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International Frameworks for Disability and DRR

UNISDR: HFA: Priorities for Action 4- Reduce the underlying Risk factor (g)

Strengthen the implementation of social safety net mechanisms to assist

the poor, the elderly and the disabled and other population affected by

disaster.

Biwako Millennium Framework (2002) Strategy 23: Disability inclusive

disaster management should be promoted. Disability perspective should

be included in the policies and practices in the area, including HFA.

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Incheon strategy 2013 – 2022: Goal 7: Ensure disability-inclusive disaster

risk reduction and management

National Frameworks for Disability and DRR

NSDRM 2009: Priority Action 4: Strategic Activity 21: Develop and

implement, on a priority basis, special DRR programmes for the most

vulnerable segments of the society – the marginalized and Dalit groups;

women; the handicapped; disadvantaged groups, children and the elderly.

Guidance Note on DPRP (2011): Planning Process 5.4 (xiv) : While

analyzing root cause of natural disaster, vulnerability assessment, capacity

development and resource mobilization, it is key to consider the needs and

capacities of persons with disabilities. The humanitarian partners including

cluster members need to ensure an active participation of …. persons with

disabilities in planning, implementation and monitoring of the

preparedness as well as response activities.

LDRMP /DDMP guideline (2011/2013): Ensures participation of persons

with disabilities in all aspects of community based DRM interventions.28

Inclusive Disaster Risk Management

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Thank You