madhusoodanan.m tgt sst kv keltron nagar. fiat panis – slogan of fao- latin motto "let there...
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MADHUSOODANAN.MTGT SSTKV KELTRON NAGAR
FIAT PANIS – SLOGAN OF FAO- Latin Motto
"let there be bread".
Food SecurityThe World Food Summit of 1996 defined food security as existing “when all people at all times have access to sufficient, safe, nutritious food to maintain a healthy and active life”. Commonly, the concept of food security is defined as including both physical and economic access to food that meets people's dietary needs as well as their food preferences. In many countries, health problems related to dietary excess are an ever increasing threat, In fact, malnutrion and foodborne diarrhea are become double burden.
Norman Ernest Borlaug (March 25, 1914 – September 12, 2009)
Norman Ernest Borlaug (March 25, 1914 – September 12, 2009)[1] was an American agronomist, humanitarian, and Nobel laureate who has been called "the father of
the Green Revolution".[2] Borlaug was one of only six people to have won the Nobel Peace Prize, the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the
Congressional Gold Medal.[3] He was also a recipient of the Padma Vibhushan, India's second highest civilian honor.
Borlaug received his Ph.D. in plant pathology and genetics from the University of Minnesota in 1942. He took up an agricultural research position in
Mexico, where he developed semi-dwarf, high-yield, disease-resistant wheat varieties.
During the mid-20th century, Borlaug led the introduction of these high-yielding varieties combined with modern agricultural production techniques to Mexico, Pakistan, and India. As a result, Mexico became a net exporter of wheat by 1963. Between 1965 and 1970, wheat yields nearly doubled in Pakistan and India, greatly improving the food security in those nations.[4] These collective increases in yield have been labeled the Green Revolution, and Borlaug is often credited with
saving over a billion people worldwide from starvation.[5] He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1970 in recognition of his contributions to world peace through
increasing food supply.Later in his life, he helped apply these methods of increasing food production to Asia
and Africa.[6]
Born March 25, 1914(1914-03-25)Cresco, Iowa
DiedSeptember 12, 2009 (aged 95)Dallas, Texas
Citizenship United StatesNationality AmericanFields Agronomy
Institutions
DuPontCooperative Wheat Research and Production Program (Mexico)International Maize and Wheat Improvement CenterTexas A&M University
Alma mater University of Minnesota
Known forHis role in the Green Revolution, helping develop semi-dwarf, high-yield, disease-resistant wheat varieties, and as a founder of the World Food Prize
Notable awards
Nobel Peace Prize, Presidential Medal of Freedom, Congressional Gold Medal, National Medal of Science, Padma Vibhushan, Rotary International Award
Food security is built on three pillars:Food availability: sufficient quantities of food available on a consistent basis.Food access: having sufficient resources to obtain appropriate foods for a nutritious diet.Food use: appropriate use based on knowledge of basic nutrition and care, as well as adequate water and sanitation.
Food security is a complex sustainable development issue, linked to health through malnutrition, but also to sustainable economic development, environment, and trade. There is a great deal of debate around food security with some arguing that:There is enough food in the world to feed everyone adequately; the problem is distribution.Future food needs can - or cannot - be met by current levels of production.National food security is paramount - or no longer necessary because of global trade.Globalization may - or may not - lead to the persistence of food insecurity and poverty in rural communities.
Food security refers to the availability of food and one's access to it. A household is considered food secure when its occupants do not live in hunger or fear of starvation.
Worldwide around 852 million people are chronically hungry due to extreme poverty, while up to 2 billion people lack food security intermittently due to varying degrees of poverty (source: FAO, 2003). Six million children die of hunger every year - 17,000 every day.[
Worldwide around 852 million people are chronically hungry due to extreme poverty, while up to 2 billion people lack food security intermittently due to varying degrees of poverty (source: FAO, 2003). Six million children die of hunger every year - 17,000 every day.
As of late 2007, increased farming for use in biofuels, world oil prices at more than $100 a barrel, global population growth, climate change, loss of agricultural land to residential and industrial development, and growing consumer demand in China and India have pushed up the price of grain. Food riots have recently taken place in many countries across the world.
A new peer-reviewed journal of Food Security: The Science, Sociology and Economics of Food Production and Access to Food is to be published from 2009. In developing countries, often 70% or more of the population lives in rural areas. In that context, agricultural development among smallholder farmers and landless people provides a livelihood for people allowing them the opportunity to stay in their communities. In many areas of the world, land ownership is not available, thus, people who want or need to farm to make a living have little incentive to improve the land.
Children and a nurse attendant at a Nigerian orphanage in the late 1960’s with symptoms of low calorie and protein intake.
Food security means availability, accessability and affordability of food to all people all times.
What is food security?Food is essential for living as air for breathing. But
Food security means something more than
getting two square meals.
Food security has following dimensions.
(a) Availability of food means food
production within the country, food imports and the previous years stock stored in Govt. granaries.
(b) Accessability means food is within reach
of every person.
Affordability implies that an individual has
enough money to buy sufficient, safe and nutritious food
to meet one’s dietary needs.
Thus food security is ensured in a country only
if 1.Enough food is available
for all the persons.2. All persons have the capacity to buy food of
accetable quality3. there is no barrier on
access to food.
Why food security?• The poorest section of the society might
be food insecure most of the times while persons above the poverty line might also be food insecure when the country faces a national Disaster
calamity like earthquake, drought, flood, tsunami, widespread failure of crops causing famine.
How is food security affected during a calamity?
Total production of food grains decreases. It creates a shortage of food, the prices goes up. At the high prices, some people cannot afford to buy. If such calamity happens in a very wide spread area or is stretched over a longer time period, it may cause a situation of stravation might take a turn of famine. A famine is characterised by wide spread deaths due to starvation and epidemics caused by forced ues of contaminated water or decaying food and loss body resistance due to weakening from starvation.
The most devastating famine that occurred in India was the FAMINE OF BENGAL in 1943. Killed 30 lakh
people in the province of Bengal.
Who were affected the most by the famine?
The agricultural labourers, fishermen, transport workers and other casual labours by dramatically increasing price of rice. They were the ones who died in this famine.
• Neo-Liberal Policy and Food Security in India: • Impact on the Public Distribution System • Madhura Swaminathan • Chronic Hunger and Food Insecurity in India • In modern India, the problems of chronic hunger and malnutrition persist on a mass scale. According
to UNICEF’s Progress for Children 2007, the proportion of underweight children, an indicator of malnutrition, was 28 per cent in sub-Saharan Africa and 42 per cent in India. The FAO Report on State of Food Insecurity in the World 2006 confirms that no country in the world comes close to India in terms of the absolute number of people living in chronic hunger.
• Let me illustrate with some findings from the latest National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3) conducted in 2005-06.1 At the all-India level, 45.9 per cent of children below the age of 3 were underweight or malnourished in terms of the standard weight-for-age criterion. The corresponding proportion in 1998-99 was 46.7 per cent. The change over the last seven years in this key indicator of child malnutrition has been negligible. Among married women in the ages 15 to 49, the prevalence of anaemia has risen from 52 per cent in 1998-99 to 56 per cent in 2005-06. No less than 58 per cent of pregnant women suffer from anaemia. Anaemia has also risen among children aged 6 to 36 months: 74 per cent in this age group were anaemic in 1998-99 and 79 per cent were anaemic in 2005-06. Data from the National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau indicate that 48.5 per cent of adults had a Body Mass Index below the norm in 1993-94. These indicators suggest that approximately one-half of the Indian population is malnourished today. The rate of decline in the absolute number of malnourished persons has been very slow, and slower than the rate agreed upon at the World Food Summit in Rome. India has failed to meet the targets set for itself in the Millennium Development Goals.