boom panis
TRANSCRIPT
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The
Greek ArchitecturePrepared by:
Patricia May V. Carayap
BS Architecture III
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Origins
Our word “architecture” comes from the Greekarchi tecton , whichmeans “mastercarpenter .”
Early Greek architecturetherefore used wood, notstone.
These early structures, aswell as those of mud-brick, have not survived.
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Wood Features in Stone
By the 6th Century BC, stone
replaced wood in the
construction of important
temples.
Designs still reflected theirorigins in wood, however.
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Origins
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Origins
In moving from wood to stone,builders had to adapt to thediffering properties of their buildingmaterials.
Stone has greater resistancestrength than wood, but it lacksflexibility strength (resistance tobending or twisting).
Therefore, columns of stone had tobe thick enough to resist snappingor bending under pressure.
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Origins
Greek temples,
like Egyptian
temples, usedbasic post-and-
beam
construction.
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Origins
Early temples had
massive pillars as
architects worried
about their ability to
support the weight
above.
Later temples
appear more
elegant.
Temple of Hera, Paestum
Hephaistion, Athens
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Temples - Purpose
In the mild climate of Greece, ceremonies generally
took place outdoors.
Even the altar , upon which sacrifices were made, was
outside the temple structure.
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Temple Forms
Greek temples, likeEgyptian ones, tended
to follow set patterns.
Variations are few andusually reflect one ofthe classical orders,rather than new andnovel design.
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The Doric Order
Doric columns are theheaviest in appearance
The capital, or top of
the column is plain.
The shaft is thick –
though it loses some of
its mass over time.
There is no base.
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The Ionic Order
This order has greaterelegance.
The capital has distinctive
volutes, or curled scrolldesigns.
The column is thinner than
in the Doric order.
There is a base.
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The Corinthian Order
This is also a tall,
elegant form.
The capital has
distinctive acanthus leaf
decoration.
It has a base.
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Parts of a Greek Temple
The next section is vertical
and is the column.
Most columns had a base (though not the Doric), at
the bottom, a shaft in the
middle, and a capital at
the top.
The shaft may be smooth
or fluted.
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Parts of a Greek Temple
Above the columnis the entablature.
If the column is theleg, think of this as
the tabletop.
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Parts of a Greek Temple
PEDIMENT:
Depicted
scenes relatedto the
god/goddess of
that temple.
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Plans of Greek Temples
The greatness and valueof a temple can be seenin the number of columnsit has.
Simple temples haveblank walls around anaos , or chapel. With anopen area or porch infront with two or foursupporting columns.
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Designs of Greek Temples
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Designs of Greek Temples
Grander temples, like
the Parthenon, hadcolumns surrounding
the entire structure.
Reconstruction of the Parthenon
in Nashville.
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Designs of Greek Temples
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Designs of Greek Temples
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Important Structures –
The Acropolis
The mostfamous Greek
buildingstopped the
Athenian Acropolis.
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Other architectural
features…
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The Greek Heritage
Today, elements of
Greek architecture
surround us
everywhere, from theDoric columns gracing
local homes to the great
Ionic capitals of the
Vancouver Art Gallery.
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