ma-250 probability and statistics nazar khan pucit lecture 2
TRANSCRIPT
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MA-250 Probability and Statistics
Nazar KhanPUCIT
Lecture 2
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Descriptive Statistics
• Large amounts of data needs to be summarized– Histogram– Mean and Standard Deviation– The Normal Curve
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Histogram
• To represent distribution of data• Area of a block represents percentage of data
lying within that block• What should be the total area under a
histogram?
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Drawing a histogram
• Horizontal scale• Vertical scale• End-point notation
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Variable
• A characteristic that changes from sample to sample in the study– Age, Income, Smoker, Marital Status, Political affiliation, etc
• Qualitative– Marital status, Political affiliation
• Quantitative– Discrete
• Age
– Continuous• Income
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Variable
Quantitative
Discrete Continuous
Qualitative
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Controlling for a variable
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Cross-tabulation
• To handle confounding factors
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Selective Breeding