MOLECULES OF LIFEMacromolecules

What is a molecule?

Two or more atoms covalently bonded together. Examples: H2O, CO2, CH4 What is a macromolecule?

A very large molecule made of MANY atoms covalently bonded together. Examples: DNA, Sugar, Fat What is an organic molecule?

A molecule that contains carbon (with the exception of carbon dioxide). What is a monomer?

A single molecule that repeats to make a large molecule.

What is a polymer?

A large molecule made of chains of smaller molecules.

CARBOHYDRATESStructure Function Examples Foods

Hydrogens: Oxygens (___:___)Monomer:Monosaccharide

Polymer:Polysaccharide

Energy Source

Short term

Long term

Glucose

Starch

Table sugar

Pasta; Potatoes

LIPIDS (FATS)Structure Function Examples Foods

Glycerol backbone with fatty acid chains attached

Monomer:Fatty AcidPolymer:Lipid or Fat

Energy Storage

Membrane Structure

Steroids

Saturated solid

Unsaturated liquid

cell membranes

Testosterone

butter

oils

Saturated Fat (solid at room temp)Single Bonds Between Carbons

Unsaturated Fat (liquid at room temp)Some carbons double bonded

Friday, November 7, 2008Question of the Day

List one difference between a carbohydrate and a lipid?

PROTEINSStructure Function Examples Foods

Long chains of amino acids20 kinds of amino acidsMonomer:Amino Acid

Polymer:Protein

Do the work in your body.

speed up reactions

Structural (building)

enzymes

collagen

meat cheese Eggs yogurt

NUCLEIC ACIDS

Structure Function Examples

Nucleic Acids Store Genetic Information

DNA

Carbohydrate (monosaccharide)

Lipid(Fatty Acid)

Protein (Amino Acid)

Brainstorm

Inside of each shape provide the following:

•2 Foods you eat that contain that molecule.•2 Ways that your body uses those molecules.•2 Facts about the structure (shape) of that molecule.