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13

First Battle ofST AI.BANS

22May 1455

wE J Cnfitenden

ll is tne intenrion of tnis and lhe folowing lbiee anicles to shde withreade^ oy thoughrs on sraging historic.l r-fights ofwaJs of ibe Rosesbades using DBM nles. The batds chosen @ those that cm betrefitfrom lwe.king" tbe rule! to ensue tbat the main chmcteristics of thebatles can be achieved. My int€rest in lhis period was rekindled by lhefairly recent release of the Otd Glory Wars of the Roses figures.

BACKGROUND

ARMY OF IIENRY VI (I.ANCASTRIAN)

Ilpe IniDiDs No.

Bd (S) Ree G IBd (S) Reg 2Bd (O) Reg 4B{ (S) Reg EBs (o) kr 6CoMd Elements: 21

hke of Soners€t's CoDDArdBd (s) Res G IBd (S) Res 3Bd (O) Res 2Bw (S) Reg 4Bdo Ir 2Bw (O) Ilr 1Comand Elerenls: 16

Bd (S) Res G IBd (s) Res 2Bd (O) Res 2Bd (S) Ree 4Bd (I) kr IBw(O) kr 4Cmd Els: 14Torrl APsr 362.0

EEs: 15.0D€m. kr€l5.0 Subtot l i31.0

Kilg Henry vIRoyal Bodygrad Men-lrAmRelinne Bilmen

King's Bae€age

Retinue BnLrcn

Sbire hry Blllrn€n

tird Cliffod

Relinue Bilnen

ShiE taA Bilnen

29.0lE.028.056.00.0

EE\ 160Ded tf,vel:6.0 Subrotal. 122.0

29.021.014.028.08.0

16.0

29.016.014.028.04.0

16.0

It is mt the purpose of this anicle to reSugitate the main historicalfrcts suoundinS this batde brt just to rcfer to the s.lient points toemble the @der to udentdd the purpose of the rule adjustrenls.

The LmcNtrim KinS Hetuf \.I wa defending St AlbN againstRichtud of York dd the Eals of WNick md SalisbDry- Thetacaslrims had made maleshift defences at tbe main gates leadirginto the toM dd along tbe back of the Sddens- Dspite havitrgnumqical superiority, the Yorkists could not make prc8res againstthese defences. Aner abod m hou or so, tbe Edl of WNick eitherfought his way trough or managed 1o sneak through Clitrord'sdefences and break $rcugh to lhe 'Chequers" (see nap). Ihis actionrook rh€ King's comrnand toblly by surprise and ir is rumoured rharHenry VI was still in the ?rocess of pqtting on his mour Thercmaining defendeF of Clitrtrd\ and Some6et s comDands onheding of enemy lo lheir l@, began to slowly drift away from theirpositions. allowing Salisbury and York to break through into the town.The King wa! capt!.ed and, although the casualdes were ljght. themain hated enemies of the Yorkis$ - Sornersel Clifford andNorthumberland - all died in the ensuing combat.

EEs: 14.0 D€n.lf,vel: 5.0 Subbtal 109.0

EEs; 45.0 Defdt bvel: 22.5

ARMY OF RJCIIARD OF YORK fYORXIST)

TlTe taining No.Ihke of Yo.k ComandBd (S) Reg O IBd (S) Reg 2Bd (O) Res 4Bw (s) Res E

Description

Shire t€vy Billnen

Yolks Baggag€

Pts

29.0r8.028.056.08.0

32.09.00.0See map fo. the posirioning ofthe vaious colmods. However, only

one-h.lf of Waflick\ command should be placed on the table, fteother half md the Edl of WNick shotrld be lefr in resefle. The idealtable size for a 25tm ede is 9' x 5'.

DEPLOYMENTBdo) InBw (o) In

Bd (S) R€gBd (O) R€s

sp (I) Irr 3Bs (o) L1 6Comand Elements: 34

Eafl ofwrqick's ConnandBd(S) R€g G I

28

l3

3

28

EEs: 28.0 Dem.Lxlel. 9.5 Subrolal 180.0

COMMAND COMPOSITION Refnue Billnen

29.027.021.0

The figu.es given by my sources for rhe strength of the veiousprotagonists vary but, raking an av€mge of ftese, theLanc..lEiai./Yorkist forces were 3000/5000 nen respectirely. *hichaccordirg to the DBM ruls woDld ap!rcimately equate 1o only 15/25elerents respeclively This would be too small for DBM purposes b ,those who prcfer io Ds DBA tules, may qish to adrpt this anicle,which should enable rhe barde to be foDSbt on only a 3'wide table

In order io sraSe a DBM 25nm gdq I bave dsumed erch elemenlEpEsents fd fewer men. The mies for my 8me @ 45t5 elemenrs

I set out below my snegested amy lish for both sides- I do not haveinfomation giving a fairly precise breakdown of the amies, thus I haveused the DBM Amy List Book Iv Any of you that have more detailedrcference work cd obviously use the benefit of tbat to alter tbe Iisrs

Bd (S) R€g 6Bd( l ) In 2Bw(O) Irr 8Sp(D lr 2Comdd Elenenls: 25

f,srt of Salisburyt CommandBd (s) Res G IBd (s) Res 2

Rednue Bownen A.OShire Lry Billaen 8.0Shi.e lsf Bownen 32.0Northem Bod€rFool 6.0EEs: 25.0 Den.t vel 9.0 Subtobl 165.0

Edl of Salsbuy

Retinu€ Bownen 42.0Shire Lrvy Billne. 8.0Shire Lrvy Bowne. 32.0EEsr 22.0 D€m.L.evel: 8.0 Sublobl 150.0

EE!: 75.0 Defsl t vel3?.5

29.016.02t.0Bd (o) Res

Bw (S) ResBd (I) IrrBw(O) krComend Elements: 22Torrl APs: 495.0Generals: 3Arny Eleme s: 8l

1;;S)

r.E:/

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These ar€ Highly Detailed wargames buildingsmade using a process new to wargaming,

bich gives strength and lightness

Hill Set 4.,1 pi{6) 11 l�5025nm Rmd Set f6 pi(d) 17.50l5mm River S€t (6pi(61 16.50l5mm Road Set lTpiaes) s6.50l/300 River S€r 16pid6) 15.502 5 m m B r i d s e . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4 9 5l 5 m m B i d g e . . . . . - . . . . . . 9 3 . 9 5

C a s d e K e p . . . . . . . . . . - . . - . . - . . . . . - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 7 . 9 5B e l q i a n F a m h o u s e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . , , . . . . . , . , . . , . . . 1 5 . 5 0L n B . l l e A l l i a . c e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . . . . . . . 1 6 . 5 0C o a c h i n s l n n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . . - . . - . . - . . - . t B - 2 5Y e o m a n s H o u * . . . . . . . . . . t 5 . 9 5wea lden Farmhou* . . . . . . .14 .95City Catesay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14.95L o q C a b i n . . - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 4 . 9 5Amencan Chu(h .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .f,9.50S o u t h e m r 4 a n s i o n . . . . . . . . . . i 9 - 5 0Jettied House . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15.50Barn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 .50Aedieval Ale House . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .s5.50Soa l+ f 'ouse { t i rd " , . . . . . . . . . . . tA .95s b a r i s h F o u + { < - ; , 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . t / . 5 0R e d o u b t - . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 6 . 5 0

EurcF3'%p5P'R.nolihewodd''%p8p'

S p a n i s h H o u s e . . . . - . . . . . t n . 2 5Georq ian Hous€ , . . . . . . . .$ ,95

sbr l-o t ..._on I t piF-p(r . .. 12r.85A r t i l l € r y T o w e r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 ? . 9 5Me.lieva Wallcaie t7 q54 r a b H o u s e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1 0 . 5 0A r a b T o w e r . . . . , . . . . . . . t 6 2 5T imberPa l isade (3 p i (es) . . . . . . . . .119 .25

q'he38 WEST SI, DONSTABLE, BEDFORDSHIRE LU6 1TA

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RIJLE AMENDMENTS

I� The makeshifl defences of St Albos de treated unde. the rules dtemporary fonifications. thDs the defeders will benefit frcm the Plus2 Modifier

2. King Henry VI\ comDand cannot nove until the eelier ofwryick\ mival at lhe Cheque.s house or tum 8.

3. Allhough there ee lbree Yorkist comands as well as the three dicefor initiative, there will be a further ditre@ntlyrolourcd D6 rouedfrcm Tm 3. If this exlra dice is a 6, WNick dd the remainingundeployed half of his comddd @ placed ar fte Chequer\ house.

4. In the sme boDnd thal the Eel of Wdwick is placed on ihe lable, afnrther D6 is used 1o detemine his PIP score for thar boDnd. Afierhe has made his moves, resohed dy shooting md combat, WNickfor this pan of his commd will dice a8ain and coniinue to makefurther moves until a PIP scorc of I or 2 is rclled which will thenbnng the bound to an end. During these subsequent moves hrsBow elements can continue to shoot and be shot back ar, bur only bythe ltr8et element or other elements of enemy Bow thal have nol shotrhis bound. In fulure tums WaNick\ conndd will only have onedice b be used by all his comndd.

5. Fouowing the eival of the Edl of WNick, the LancastriandefendeN in thea.exl bound will not now receive the plus 2modifierfordefending temporary tbrtifications.

The above mendments me to allow for the peculidities of $e badesuch as waNick s breakthrough, the unpreparednels of King Henryvl lby giving warwickt initial move further potential impetut andfte pdic caused among the rcmaining Lancastrin$ defending tne

The game would also benefit ftom one of ihe proposed ruleamendments that may be intrcduced a u official rule amerdmentin the near tuture, which is as fouows:

6. A groDp noving in difficult going and not in a single-elemem'widecolumn can use just one PIP for such a group for all eleoenls lhatcd make a legal contact for conbal purpo!€s. However, the Bualrules will apply in noving in difticull going excepr on the move tomake conuct. For the avoiddce of donbt. for exmple a fou'element-wide line cd nse ju$ one PIP if dl these elemenis cd maxea legal contact, thus if only three can do so ir would cosr d ext i PIPto move the fourth element.

For the purpose of cldity, the gaJdens behind the tempoEry defencesmd .ll movemenl in the buillup mas connt d movemert indificulrgoing.

.1h.\ t & BdorBd.\ tisht: Batlk olTt \tur t.tion. tt'hato b\ 1t1. nutttot:)

? rt I Earl of rhrke of DuLe of

,?!f *ffiffiffi \

)-:,rcw,il'

Gr€at North Rold

:t.3

Bloodv Merdos, - !

> x L

l 3

The Battle ofTOWTON29March'1461

bjt

E J Cruttenden

s0.000 + SECONDHAND WARGAMES FIGURESAlways in stock. All scales. Most manufacturers.

SAE stating interesls for lists to:AJ. Dumelo$, 53 Stanton Road, Stapenldll,

Burton-on-Trent. Staffs DE15 9RPTelephorc: (01283) 530556

(STOCKIST OF WARGAMERS FLAGS)

The previous aiticle id this \eries of wars of the Roses eDga8ements.tbe Battle ofst Albds. $as a fanl) sdall engaremenl. This isjust theopposite. being the bloodien bade on English \oil. at theend ofwhichthe.e were about 28.000 Britsh dead. Jusl to remind reade6. rheseanicles tre writren nainly for the benefir of rhose usine DBM RDles.

25,000/30,000 strong. These figures equate 10 apprcximately 145/114LancasEian and Yorkist elements respectivelr For lhose of you thar donot have this number of elenents. you can scal€ down lhe dmies prorat4 bu1 you should likewise scale dowr the tenain dd LmcdtimdeployneDt of 1200 paces 10 ensure that you will still rcpresent the

Ml source malerial indicates lhal the forces raised by Edwdd ryfrom the welsh Mmhes were now under lhe conmdd of LordFauconberg. so lhey have been in.lDded in his comnaDd. Edwad Ivaho had wnh him a contingent of Burgundian hand gumers and somemen ar :ms donared by the Duke of Burgundy but under the banner oflhe Dauphin of France. It hd been asumed thar sone of theLancastrian nonhem hordes who had devastated the ldd on theiradvance to and retreat from London were still presenl dd rhey havebeen included in the Duke of Sone6ett commd- All knighrs halethe option to dismount s Blades (S).The following de my su8Sesled amy lisrs for bolh sides:

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROIJNI)

The La.casrid\ amy sas conEolled by the Duke of Some6et.though under the nominal confrdd of Henry vL The Yorkists were ledby Edsard IV dd ihe Eel of Wntuick. The Lancast.ians weredeployed just ro the nonl of Tovron Vale: lhe Yorkisls had advanced tothe ridee ovedooking the south ofTowbn vale.

To lheir wesr. both mies sert flanked by the River Cock and alsoto the pest of lhe Yorkisr posirions wls Castle Hillwood in which theLecastrians had hidden an anbush p!nl. The {csrem exrenrity ofTowton Vale becme known as Blood] Meado\: bcine a nrashy deain which mdy reteainC Lancastrians Det rheir dearf

lnilially, bolh sides sere visible ro each orher bur. belore rhecomencement of batle, snow began to fall heavily, being blown by astrcng wind into fte faces oftbe Lancasrrims. obscDring visibility.

The Yorkjst arches were ordercd to advdce and shoor volleys intofte Ldcastrian Fn-ks. Aided by the srong wind, the Yo.kist dche6were fd frore effective thd their Lmcastia counb.parls, whose:mws fell shon of the Yorkisl lines.

The telling elfed of the Yorkist ecbery prompred rhe Duke ofSomeset ro order an all-out attack. In the face of this onslaughr, rheYorkisr dcbers withdrew through thea own ranks of waiting billDen

The Lancasdan attack was aho aided by the ambush from CastleHili wood, whicb was beabn ofi by the rear rlnks of LordFauconberg\ coMd.

The Yo.kisK were pushed back slowly acros the plarea!- bur rherimell laie divalof the Duke of Norfolk hnring rhe red and flank ofthe Dlke of Exeteis comnrand- Iumed rhe ride and elenrually theLancaslrian hosr broke and fled. Many drowned iryine to cross theRiver Cock.

LANCASTRIAN ARMY

Ttpe Tmg No. DescriplionDuke of Somerset's CommandKn(S) Reg G I Duke ofsomcset C-in C

2 Ro)al Bodygudd Men ar AJms 10.0

Pts

35.0

Conndd Elements: 73 EEs: 67.0 Dem.Lelel: 22.5 Subloral: 381.0

Northumberland\ CommandKn(Ol Ree G I DDke ofNonhunberled 32.O

Kn(S) RegBd(O) RegBw(S' ReC 16 Rer inue BowmenBdo) InBw(o) IiBd(I) Irsp(I) IrBe(O) In

Kn(l) ReeCv(O) RegLH(o) IrBd(o) ReeBw(S) ReeBd{l) Irt3w(0) ln

4 Shire Levy Billmen16 ShiG L€vy BowDen6 Noften Border Foot

12 Nofthen Border Feat6 King\ Baggage

2 Curou62 Northem Border Slaves4 Retinue BitlmenE Relinue BowDen4 Shire tf,vy Billmen

18 Shire Levy Bowmer

4 Relinue Bilmen8 Retinue Bowmen4 Shire Levy Billmen

16 Shire Levy Bowmen

E Retinue Billmen 56.0tt2.0r6.0'12.0

24.036.O0.0

30.016.010.028.056.016.072.0

32.020.08.0

28.056.016.064.0

DEPLOYMENTCoIr]llmd Elenents:42 EEs:.l2.0Dem.Level:l4.0Subrotal: 381.0

see the map for the positioning of the various commads. A1 tbecommenceDenl 0f battle, Norfolkt codnand is not on table. TheLdcastrians deployed to rhe north of Towron Vale, rhei. froDtagecovering approxinately 1200 paces. At least the fronl rwo .anks of borhforces should conpnse of bowmen. The number of bow elemenlspemir up ro 4 ranks if you wish or you ca deploy rhe extm el€ments

The fonfanks of both forces should be deployed a( fte edge of Oeirrespeclle plateaux and be 350 paces apan.

Up ro 8 elehen$ of the Duke of Nonhumberlmd\ connand can beused for the ambush in Caslle Hill wood.

Kn(o) Reg G 1 Duke ofExebrKn(l) Regcv(o) ResBd(O) RegBw(s) RegBdO) IrBw(O) Ir

The Lancaslrids sere lhe larger force. numbering probably in fteregion of 35,000/40,000, aith the Yorkjsrs being apprcximtely

COMMAND COMPOSITIONS

Conmand Elements: 36 EEs: 36.0 Dem.tivel: 12.0 SDbiotal: 224.0

Total Amy Points: 865.0

EEs: 145.0 Defeat Level: 72.5

Kn(S) ResKi(O) ReeBd(o) Reg 5 Retinue BillmenBw(S) Reg l0 Retinue Boaden

1 4

YORKIST ARMY

Type Tmg No. Dsc.iptioDKing Edward IV's CommandXn(S) Re-q C I King Edward M in_C

5. The slope leadine doNn lo Towton Vale fron lhe Yorkist

deDlovment should be shorl soetrectivelv theonlv position thar lhe

+l up:lope nodifieris used is shile defending the edge rhe

plareau.whil$ in close combrr on the Phreau aprn fron defendin8

this edge no element will hdle ftc +l upslope nodifer

6. Bloody Meadow Marsh is difiiculr goi ng and extends 150 p'ces ro

rhe we$ ofthe River Cock ln o.de. rc make the scenano work rn

patticuldthe opening moves. fte follosing sholl/ xlso be used:

7. The molenenr of bow eletnenls is reduced ro 100 Plces so

reducing fteir movemenl to fte sane as the supponing elcmenrs ot

8. Bow elenenrs are allowed to make a grcup nole dnecdv 10 lhetr

ovn red for one PIP lf any of the bow are iregullr' ftis sill cost

9. The anbDshes ii Castle Hill cannol mole Dnlil afier close combar

h.s oc.ured elsewhere. Elements of Lord Fauconberg s comand

cannor rum to face Castle HillWood until the lnbushcrs have

10. The bosmen on both sides are not allowed 10 uddertake mNh

molements in To{ton vale

I L The Ldcastnd ftont tqo rants of arche6 arc allosed onlv one

Dole of up io l0O pa.es and sill not be pemitled rnrther foNmd

movement until the supporting elemenls of blades hale pased

thrcugh rheir .anks

12. Norfolk\ command is ireared as a flank mdch. its poi'l of enlrv

being marked on themaPThe usualtules lpplv ror irs dival bur as

n dived iakly lat in thc dav no dice dc rolled ro' rhis comtndd

untilafierfte fi6r bonnd conLrining close cornh'i

The restrictionon movement in Towton Vale should have fte etrect ftal

uDles lhe Ldcaslrians attack thev *ill over a period of nme be

destroyed by the Yorkisr bowmen. This should neat that fte plave6 on

both sides de likely to nale fteir first two or tbiee moves on fairlv

histoncal lines. i.e. an lnilial advance of boft am'et bownen'

follo{ed by an all out Ldcastrid altack with their blades movtng

thrcugb lhe front mks of dche6.

I Royal BodYgu{d Men_at_Ams 15 0

I Bur-qundid nen-at'dms 12 0

Pts

35.0

35.070.016.032.018.0

Be(O) In 8 King s Bageage 00

c;frnand Eledents:14 EEs:33 0 Dem.ttvel: 110 Subrotal: 233 0

Earl of waNick\ CommandKn(O) ReS G I Edl of WNick 32.0

30.02t.o12.012.048.0

Comnand ElemenE: 28 EEs: 28.0 Dem Level: 10 0 Strbrotal: 185 0

Fauconberg's CommandKn(O) Ree G I Lord Fadconberg

BdO) IrBe(O) IrPs(S) Reg

Kn(I) ReeBd(O) RegBs(S) RegBd(I) lrBw(o) lr

Kn(I) ResBd(o) ResBw(s) RegBw(o) Ir

4 Shire trvY Billden8 Shne LevY Bo*men6 BurgundianHandgunnen

3 Retinue Billmen6 Rednue Boqmen3 Shire Levy BillDen

l2 Shie LevY Bownen

4 Rednue Bilimen8 Retinue Bowmen

32_020.02a.o56.0

12 Shire Levy Bowmen 48 0

Ax(X) Itr 8 welsh SPeamen 240

Comand Elements:35 EEs:35.0 Dem Level: 120 Subtool:208 0

Duke of Norfolk's Cotnmdd

KnO RegBd(o) ResBw(S) RegBd(l) lrrB*(o) Ir

Kn(O) Reg G I Duke ot Nortblk

2 Retinue Billnen4 Retinue Bowmen2 Shire Lely B;llmen8 Shne tf,vy Bowmen

Conmand Eleme.ts: EEs: l 8-0 Den t e!el:6.0 Subbtal: 124 0

Tobl Amy Poinrs:750.0

Arfry Elements: 125 EEs: 114.0 Deferr L€!el: 57 0

32.010.01.1.02E-08.0

32.0

The following de to reflecr rhe affects of the tenaid dd weafter

l. There wd a strcng wind bloeing ftom ihe sourh. thus tne

Ldc6t.id {che.y *ill suiler the -! tactical factor for being

disadvantaSed bY weathe.

2. Archer from the soulh hd ils range slightlv idcreased to 250 PacesThis is to represem additional distance achieved bv the Yorkist

l . The usual rules apply in relation to fte snowslom so all colmdds

will have to be allocated ditrerent colou.ed dlce vhibilitv is

reduced to 300 pnces ud a! the amies de deploved 350 paces

apan, the inilal Sroup noves must be slraiSht ahead

Tbe slopes frcm bolh Plataux teadinS down to ToMon Vale are

RULE AMENDMENTS AND NOTES

As the blades do no! Sive back up for a second supportitrg onk excePt

against kdghls. ir wouid be sensible lo leave a gap between ranks usine

the second rank as reinlbrcenentrAs inidally the Yorkist bowmen occupv the crest of the plateaD. when

ftese de moved fonvdd ir would be sensible for fte supPodrng rcw or

blades to adldce aDd occup! ftis position to gain lhe upslope

advanlage when anacked.h would probably be advisable if when the Lancasrian bowmen

6o!e forwdd lhe supPorring ranks of blades immediaElv follow on

behind. This would e.sure rhat should the Yorkisr archers continue to

a{tvmce, tberc is sdll time for the suPponing ranls of Lancastriatr

blades to dove OroDSh the bow elefrents to avoid these being atlacked

The rule amendnenls have been designed to reflect the weathe'

condiliots of the day and nake posible nnd encouage the opposing

playeF lo adopt historically accurab opeDing moves.

HINTS ON PLAY

VICTORY CONDITIONS

There d€ no specific amendments to the rules. thus rhe usual victory

1 l

. - - .

'

Thi\ ir lhc drrd in r s.ici ollbuf rnLclcs r.consrn'.rine \vrrs of dr.Ros.s b^rrlcs tbr use \nh DB\'l ruhs.

Ri.hrrd Duke ol lirli. \hile crmpiignid-q in thc NorLh. l.undhin\ell her\il! outnumbered {) luil rciirge in Slndal Crsrle lo !\!aitrcinlarremenl\. The t-r.crstnrn\.led br rhc Dulie ol Sonre.\et. hckingsic!. rrtillcr\. dccrdcd to $aLr !nd hop.lirllJ lcmtr rhc lirki\rs out tollghL in rhe ol)en. Sclerll rhcori.\ hr\c b.cn fur lnn\r.d !\ !) $h!Richard ol titrk \rllied lbah 'ionr Slndll Cn\tlc Th. nr)\t $idchrccqr t .d theo. \ $J\ rhd hc had nol i .a l i \cdrhdJohn \c \ i l ic - *ho \as!,ptoscd 10 bc -erdr.Iin-e ibrles in !,ppon of dr. Yofthr crus.. hidch.trged sides. A Yorkisl foragins pany \rs irr.ked b) tl'e Duke olSoDer\er (hiln reluriing r,) Sa.dal Cr\rt. Richnrd ol \() nl\o \rrnH .pprotuhins Soneber \ lllnl .d)nrg John Nc\ille \ bune.\Thinliine dr.r his ninforcen'enrs N.rc.rnnre. he rl'oughr this qN !eood opponu.it! ro brtak rhroush rh. Lric.srrirn lines. Ne\illc h.dno\ loincd rhc L.ncasrian c.us.. so Richard ofYork r plan N.s inulllflaNcd. /\rr!ct.d lion lll sidcs York s ldr. \{s s.!hd d.spirc bcnrsrcinfore.d b\ rhc Ead ofSalisbun sirh thc 'unnrine crnle g.rison

ARf'IY LISTS

WARGAMES FIGURES PAINTEDIo colledor s stindards. Send SAE or two IRCs tbf pfire list

to: D. Seagrole.THE LAST DETAIL

196 Parlrunt Road. L.rnglc). Slough Berkshire SLI 8.\Z

o l 1 4 . " - , . , r , , h . . , . t . t , , | , . r . t , .1 r , : ( t . . , . . t t . t , . t

Thc lollo\ine.fln! llsrs !r b.scdoi rh. Llncasrim tbrc.r. priorloJohn Nc\ ill. s mnallotalling 13.(l00 ei ind llt \brl;\r lr).1)(l e..John \.\ille s tbre $.! esrimated rr i.0(10 de..

YORKIS'I'S

'I-ype Trng No DescriplionDuke oIlorks CommandKnlO) R.g C

Bd(Ol R"gB*rS) R"gB d ( l ) l rB \ iO) I r rBgrO) l rCnrd EiIs l l

Ear l 0r5! l isbur ! \ CommandKnlO) R.g C

Bd(O) RegB\r(S) R.e

B s ( 0 ) I rCnrd El ls : l l

Kn(l) RegRd(O) RcgBnrS) RegBgrO) hCnd E1| \ : l l

1 Richard. Dulic of Y,nt ll llI \len-d \rn} 1S i)6 R.r inu. Bi l lD.n 110

l l Rcr inu. Bo\D.n $r 0I Shi rc I -c \ ! S i l lnr . f lJ 0I Shnr Lc\ t Botrnr ' r 160.1 \brk s Bagg.ge 0 0

EEs: 19.0 Dem L\ l : 10.0 Sublota l : 110.( l

I Ea. ! o f Sal i \hur \ - r l0I }lcn-al-Anns ll.0I Rer inuc Bi l lmcn i r .0-+ R.rinuc Bo*ncn :8 0I ShiN Lcry Billnr.n 1.0I Shi,c l-cvv Boqrr.n 8.0

EEs: 1 l 0 D.nr Lr i r .10 Subtota l : 9E 0

Amt El$: 1-1 EEs: .t0 i) D.leal Lvl: 10.0

L \C.\STRIA\S

TIpe Trng No. DescriptionDuke of Somosct\ ConmaddKn(O) Reg G I Dule ofsonle6et. C in-C

2 Nlen'lt-Am\I Rcl 'nuc Di l lnren6 Retnrue Bo$nrr2 Brggrge

EE\: 120 Deni .L\ l : .1 .0 Subto0l : 115.0

i l .0t0.0l l . 0.lt.00 0

Norlhunberland\ Conrmand

l 3

respectivell. The followi.g is the order of adval:

I On the thnd bouid the Edl of Northunberland\ forces will dice iorils afilal. Unless the scor is a I or2. it moves this tum.

:. Lord Roo5 $ill di.e for hia commandt arivallwo bounds followingthe arildl of rhe Etl of NorrhDmberland. On arival his liNr movewill consist ofplacing hn codmddjusr clee of the wood in line. uplo two elemenls 'leeP

3. The EtrlofSalisbury willdice lbr his conndd\ dilal lwo boundsfollowing fte mivd of Lord R@s. On arivll his firsr nove willconsi$ ofplacing his enlie command in colunn, lea!'ne SandalCastle with the red elenent rouching lhe castle gate.

,1. The Duke ofExeier will dice for his command's anivallwo boundsfollowing the arival of fte Edl of SaiisbDry. On mival his fi6tmole will consist olplacing his commandjust clear of the wood inline. up to two elements deep.

5. Lod Clifford wiu dice for his comnand\ nival two boundsfoUowing the dival of the Duke of Exete. On arrival his fi6t movewill consisl of placin8 his commandjust nonh of ihe village ofSandal Magna witb rhe red elemenls louching lhe northem edge of

6. The Edl of Willshire will dice for his co'mod s uilal rour bouddsfollowing the mivd of lord Clitrord. On arival his fisl dove willconsisr ofplacin8 his commandjust cled ofthe wood in line, Dp rorwo elemenc deep. The recommended table size is 9'by 5'(25frn)

I Lord Roos 32.OI Men-ar-Ams 10.02 Rednue Billnen 14.02 Reinle Billnen 14.[l2 Shne Levy Billmen lJ.t)4 Shne Levy Bowmen 16.02 Baggage 0.012.0 Dem.Lvl: ,1.0 Subtolal: 9,10

Duke ofE\der -i:.0Ret inue Bi l lmen l l .0Retinue BoNnten 18.0Sh;e LeY! Billnen 8.0Shne Lev) Bownen 12.0Bageage 0.0

Dem.Lvl:4.0 Subrotal:94.0

32.O2 t . o42.08.0

0.0

Knro, Reg G Il in l l , Reg ILHrOr in IBdr l ) ln 3B \ r O ) I n 8Bdr l r In 2spr l ) l r 4B,qrO) Ir 2Cmd Elrs :?2 EEs:20.0

KnrO) Reg GKnr l r R.gC\rO) RegBd(O) ReeB s r S r R e gBg1()r I rCmd Elr . : l1 EEs

Kn(o) Reg GKn(T) RegBd(o) RegBd(O) RegRdi l ) I rRN(o) I rBs(O) InCmd EIts: 1.1 EEs:

Kn(o) Reg CBd(O) RegBa(S) Re-sBd( l ) I rBs(o) InB-q(o) hCmd Elrs: 14 EEs:

Dukc of Nonhumbedand

Bag8ageDem.L!l: 4.0 Subbral: 113.0

John Neville

Nonhem Border SravesShke Levy BiUDenShire Levy BowmenNonhen Border FootNonhem Borde FoolBaggage

Dem.L!l:7.0 Subtotal: I ll.0

Lo.d ClitrordRetinue Billmen

Shire Lely Billmen

BdggdgeDen.L\ l : 5 .5 Sublota l : I19.0

Shire Levy Billmen

BaegaeeDem.Lvl: 3.0 Subtoral:69.0

lP 0

32.010.08.0

21.042_O0.0

12.010.05.0

t2.o32.08.0

t2.o0.0

RULE AMENDMENTS

Il.tll2l2_0

L Richdd of York\ comDand hls Io use ils opening moves lo!i-qo.oun) auack fte Dulie ofSonerser. He cannol commence a*iLhdrd$alto SandalCasrle unrilafierrhe aEival of Lord RooJs

l. Should Rjchard ofYor\-s conmand become demo.alised tl'e 8mesrillconrinues and the Ead ofSalisbury's coinmand wiu continuero fight nomally' The gaDe ceases when either lhe Lancastnansde bealen using lhe usualrules or Richard ofYork s elernent isKlled and his conmand demoralised orhe escapes.

3.Optional rule - As previously stated John Neville had changedallegiance lo the Lancaslrian cause. This could be represented, asu ahemative, by trealing hiD as an aUied general.Ifhis conmand\fiBt PIP score is I it becoDes unreliable. but mlher than follow theusual tules ir immediaGly chanees sides andjoins the Yorkjst cause.As a linher lhemade John Neville coDld originally be included intheYdkisr anl as an allied general with fte posibility ofchangingallegiance ro rhe Lancasrians ifhis fist PIP score is a 1�

Kn(O) RegG IBd(O) Reg 3BslS) ReC 6Bdo) Ift 2B$(O) lr 4Bg(O) tt 2Cdd Elr : l8 EEs: 16.{J

Riltshint ComnandKn(O) Res G IBd(o) Re! IB\(s) Reg 2\d( l ) h IBsrO) I r 3BerO) In 2Cmd Elts: l0 EEs: 8.0

''\nn\ Ehs: 106 EEs:92.0

VICTORY CONDITIONS

DEPLOYMENT AND ACTIVATION OF FORCES

Yorkist Victory32.0 L lt is an ovephelming victory if Rjchdd Duke of York can cross the7.O bridge over the River Calder and his coDDand is still not

14.0 demoralised. lt is also an oveNhelning victory should lhe4.0 Lancstnan amy be debated dccording ro tne srddard rules.

12.0 2.It is a frrginal licrory shotrld the DDke ofYork\ elemenr escape0.0 ados the RiverCalde.with nle olher elemenrs and his command

demoralised. Elements ofhis demoralised conmand will fleetowdds the bnd8e crosin8 should lhere be no undemoralisedenehy eirher side of rheir direcr roure to lhe bridge.

A Dram ResullThe bade will be a dra* il rhe Lancastrilns have not been defeatedin the neld dd Richtud ofYork s element is able ro flee back inlothe casrle wit! six other elenents.

l. h will be d ove^vbelmin8 vicrory should both lhe elements ofRichard ofYo.k and $e Earl ofSalisbury be killed dd borh their

cotmuds demoralised.?.A tactical viclory should they kill Richard ofYork s elemenl bul

allow ei8hr o. more Yorkisr elements to flee inlo Sandal Caslle.

Dcfeat Lvl:.16.0

Scc nrap lbr initill deployDenr. The only forces able ro move ar the.onnnen.eNrr ofbanle de fte Lancastid cormdds of the Duke ofSodrr\d r.il iohn N.\ille lnd rheYorkisr connand ofRichard. Dukeoi\'')r\ Pnor ro ihc !trnalof allthe other commands one D6 is rolledlnd should this \corc I or I rhe anival is delayed by 2 or I bounds

t l

olrl Olit\ .\tah^!L lt,r Ilt( tr!h.r'\ | r!l.ttirn

Ll\c.1srR/.t \5

Rt!hr .\ l\1r\: Lht!rrtlnat l,it.,!rr .l lJdr,rlra,rlr ' ,?r, //r.n ) ! !a ! t , t tn !h D. .1 /J tn r . l / D ,nr , l r , / r , i \

INTRODT CTION

, \ \ I \n id in n r \ l i r \1 rn i .L . . T l rc ' : r inBdrLe o f s r ALb! r i r \ \ ' l l l a r ' . n r \In lc r . r t i r rh r \ Nr .L I \ r \ r . lLnd l .d h lPru l I \eddr l l . b : f ! r r fh t . l r l r . F rn . l\ \ . t r \ r r t . Ih . K ingn k . i . rnL l la lrhar i c rwr I .o rnn .n t .d n r i \ . . r1 . \$ r rh l i r \ I i rn b r r l l ! ' I l . c l r r l r rn - r .ron . l !d . { i rh h i ' in . l bnr r l . .ndLns

l l . l . r . I r . . . rd in - . I \ . r ld l i l c t )r . t . r r . rh . S t , \ lh !n \ n r r i . l c . t se lu \e o i 'h.Ii !l \|!.. th. ]r.t).] rfr{li1i(!):\ . r . om r .d I l r . rd . r \ \bh 1 . h r \ .rh.u rh.\ .rn bc .hLlincd l.ur nie b\. . rd i r ! . r S , \ [ k ] r r t no . l . d ic \ 6 iI . r . l f f Rord . ! r l - conr rd . !n ser .Fr t r Sus . \ lN i l61R

' \ \ m.n1 i . r .d rn t re \ io r \ r ru r l . \ .

ru : t lo rcnr i r i l t .u r | i \ \ r i r c \ L \ r r i l l c r

t r id ' r . i l ) n ! us . \L th DB\ l ru le . $ r rhnL lh l ld iunn ' i rA 10 r \ d r b i ,n ! ou lth . n r | . l i ! c rc . in r r \ . l thc h ! ( l r .bu { i l l l . . . r .u :h In t r i rh rc 1 ( t r bo( i i\ d c \ r . l i ! h 1 r h . i . . r n b r r L l e

f \ \ i [ + ?

l 3

B\CKCROUND ARMY LISTS

Thi\ rine rhe Edl of \\'m ick {as supponing the Ldcastid causeand \r!s in.omnrand ol rheir amy. being opposed by the Yorkists ledb) Ed\ dd I\l The baule sas fought ju$ nonh of Bmer It would havebe.n cunond dunng rhis period for both annies lo deplot opposileeach orh.r bur. o$ing ro poor lisibiliry caused by misty condidons. thissas nor rh. case. Borh amie! we€ deployed overlapping lhe enemyileft fllnl. Tlc Lancastrian centre was co'mdded by the Earl of\\'d\ick. supponed by his brolher the Edl of MontaSue, the rightflink b) rhe Ead of Oxford and the left by the Duke of Exeler The\brtini ce.re was colmdded by Edward IV his riehr flanlk by LordH$tings and his left fla.k by the Duke of Glotrcesler

The poor visibiliry aho had the effect of negatinS the additionalLancasfian .rtillery and archery as the Yorkisr adldced. TheYorki\L\' left flmk wd fi6l to be engaged. stumbling into fte Etul oforiord-s men. Being outflanked, Gloucesteis comDand ws soon putro flighr. hotly pusued by Oxford\. Edwdd Mad ro use some of hisrese^cs ro help slabilise the now exposed left fl&k of his cenlre

Nteanlvhile. the amaining colmeds baame heavily enCaged ddrhis rime fte Edl of WNick had to unlise his €serves to prevedt thecollapse ofhis left fldk.

The Earl of Oxford\ men busied themselves by looling the Yorkists-baggage and recaptunng the Ldcaslrim Henry vI who at this time wa!Ed{ard Iv\ prisoner The E3rl of Orford did meage to rally about nquarler of his command wift &e inrention to rcjoin lhe battle and fallupon fte Yorkists' left flank and red-

By this dme, fte baule ftonr had dlted in m mti'clockwise direction,borh amies left flanks being pushed back. In fte poor visibility, theErrl of Oxford mistakenty approached the right flank of theLancastrim amy md cme Dnder bow fire fiom then. Amid shouls of''Treason', be dd his followeB departed the batllefield in a nonherlydtrecrion. Following Oxford's depaitlre, the remainine Lancastianslost hean and sr!fled ro drifr away frcm fie battleneld. Du.ine tberet.edt, the Edl of WNick was kiued.

The number of nen enea8ed vdies sienincanfly berween the vmoussources, but all rend ro sug8esl that waNick's amy was the grealerThe approxirnare numbeG engaeed for this scenano m taker at 10,000Yorkisls againsl 12.000 Ldcdtrians: this may poslibly be on tbe lowside. Edward Iv had {ith hirn sone mercendy Burgundians. of$hichapproximately one lhird werc hand gDnne6 I have assuned lherenainder were pikemen. I do nor have information on theapponiondenr of numbeB between mouned lroops, etinue ud sbirelevy Ous, if any of yoD have more delailed infomadon, you can anendtbe .my lists accordingly.

LANCASTRTAN ARMY

Type Tmg No. DesciptionEarl of lvaNick (iocludes R€s€nes)Kn(S) Reg G 1 E&t of Waflick, C-in'CBd(O) Reg 2 Retinue BillnenB*(S) Reg 6 Retinue BowmenBdO Ilr 2 Sbire kvy BillmenBw(o) Irr 6 Shire t€vy BowmenAn(o) Reg 2 Anillery TrainBC(O) Irr 6 Ead ofwasick\ Baggage

35.014.042.08.0

24.416.00.0

32.020.08.0

l4_0l4_0r2.016.0

32.020.014.014.012.024.O

Subloial: I16.0

Cmd Ehs: 25 EEs: 19.0 Dem.Lvl:6.5 Subtotat:139.0

Earl of Odo.d's ComandXn(O) Res G 1 Eel of OxfordKn(I) Reg 2 Mer-at-AmsC!(O) Reg I HobildsBd(O) Reg 2 Retinue BillmenBw(s) Reg 2 Retinue BosmenBdo) IE 3 Shire lily BillmenBw{O) Ir 4 Shne Levy Bownen

DEPLOYMENT

Cnd Elts: l5 EEs: 15.0 Dem.Lvl.5.0 Subtoral:116.0

Duk€ of Exeter's CommandKr(O) Reg G 1 Duke of Exetr

The several accounls of the Battle I have read do vary, particulmly inrelation to the exact spot where fte battle was fought and theposirioning of the YorkistJ comndds. For this reason. some of youmay disagree with the optioDs I have chosen Gee nap). I1 is not thepurpose of this article 10 go into detail of the aclual battle or discuss theareas of controversy but ne.ely to give a sufficient outline to enableyou 10 undedhnd the rationaie for the rule mendmetrtvadjustmen$.As you will see lrcm tbe 6ap, Lord Haslingj advance is inpede{t byrhe hed8e oi the edge of Enneld Chase- I am no1 sure lrow much or anobstacle this sould bave presenred. if dy, bul for the purpose of thisgame I have alsuned ir consfiDtes dificult going. For this reson, ifLord Hastings wnhes ro keep his comand togelher, he wiu need high

Kno) Ree 2Bd(O) Res 2B*(Sl Ree 2Bd0) Irr 3Bw(o) IE 6Cmd Ells: 16

Total APs: 371.0

Amy Elts:56

Shire If,vy Billmen

EEs: 16.0 Dem.Lvl:6.0

EEs:50-0 Defeat Lvi: 25.0

YORKIST ARMY

Type Tmg No. DescriplionThe end of ihe Ldcastrim left flank should be placed againsr fte f,dw.rds Iv (includes ReseFes)

hedge lining Enfield Chase and rhe centre should slraddle tne road. The Kn(S) RegG I King Edwdd M'in C 35.0approxinrale width ofthe LancasEie deploynenr should be 800/1000 Sd(O) Reg 2 Retinrc Billmen 14.0paces. HoNever for ease of playabiljty, I sugeesr ihat each my can Bw(S) Reg 4 Rerinm Bowmen 28 0

deplo! sirh atoul frcnlage up to 15 elenedts wide. Cm shouid be Sd(r) Ir 4 Red.rc Bowmen 80

raken ro ensure rhat the respecive amies overlap each other as shown Ps(S) Reg 2 Shire tivv Billmen 6 0on rhe nrap. I would sugeest that the amies deploy approximalely 400 Pk(O) Reg 2 BurCundia Hddgunne6 16.0paces a$ay fron each o1he. This would enable fte eme to be fought, B(o) lrr 6 King\ Baegaee 0 0in:5mm. comfodabh on a 6 x 4' table. Cmd Elts: 2l EEs: I4.0 Dem.Lvl: 5.0 Subtolal: 107.0

\\rhen rhe tenain hs been set llp. you should cleely mdk on lhemble lhe deploymenl Na for each comnand dd then place the Duke ofclouc€ster's Conmardrespedn e conmdds on the lable using the usual rules for deplolmen! Kn(o) Reg G I Duke of Gloucsterthe Yorkis6 being regarded as fte anacke6. the Ldcastrims fte Kn(I) Reg 2 Men at Amsdefendes. cv(o) Reg I Hobilds

32.020.08.01.0

14.0Bd(o) Irr IBw(S) Res 2

Lo.d H"stings'CotMed

t 4

Bd(r) Reg 2Bw(O) Ir 4Cmd EIts: 13

Kn(O) Reg c IBd(O) Reg IBw(S) Reg 2Bd0) rr 2Bw(O) Irr 6An(O) Reg ICmd Eltsr 13

Total APs: 305.0Generals: 3A.my Eltsr 47

Shire Lerf Billmen 8.0Shirc Levy Bowmen 16.0EEs: 13.0 Dem.Lvl:5.o Subtotal:105.0

t rd HaslingsRetinue Billmen

Shirc Levy Billmen

32_O7_O

14.08.0

u.o8.0

EEs: 13.0 Dem.Lvl: 5.0 Subtolal: 93.0

EEs:40 Defear Lvl: 20.0

RIJLE AMENDMENTS

1. The usual tules apply for fighting in mist a3 regards ro visibility,

2. The Yorkists will advmc€ using their ptps to maic en@r as soonas possible. The movemenr hs ro be straight ahead so rhat thecspective flek! will remain overlapped on contact. The Duke ofGloucester's comrnand has ro be tuIy engaged before contact can bemade wi|h the othe. two commmds and has to be so engaged for atl%t one bound before the othe. commmds make contact.

3- The Lecastrians will nor mal(e ary foMard movemen unrr conmcr

4. The resefles for bolh mies vill retain fteir resp@rive positjonsuntil all conmands arc engaged. Edwdd IV's reseNe will advdc€,maintajning its position b€hind the cenrre commdd.

5. Remembq the hedge impedes Haslings, advance, being an obstaclethat will n€ed to b€ crossed by severat elements during the advarc€.The above should hop€tully ensurc ria( rhe players openrng movesfollov closely the hisroricat baute.

6. Sbould the Earl of Cloucesreis command become demoralised. allof Orfordt conmed wil pursue regardless of irs plp score and willcontinue to do so during rhe following bounds.

7. After the sixth bound foltowing the demoralisarion of Cloucest€tsconmdd, Oxford's comand is also deemed to be demomlised. Tlisis to rcp.esent $e loss of his comDdd on its rerum and suddend€panure from rhe battlefield. All the command is deemed ro b€ tosr.so tbe t ancastrians roll one les dice for then plp score.

8. The bound following Oxfordt departurc, rhe .eDaining Lmcasrjeswiil suffer a minus I in close conbat, except for the Edl of Waflick\and the Duk€ of b€tels etements. This is to reflecr rhe loss of moralefollowing Oxford's depadurc.

The anendmenrs 6, 7 and I abo,re a.e to reflect the rote in rhe batrle oflhe E3.1ofOxford, none ofwhich wiltapply if the Dukeofctoucesrels commdd puts up a sroui reshtoce md fights otrfte Earl of Oxford.

VICTORY CONDITIONS

The usual victory conditions appty_

.WHAT IF' SCENARIOS

You could ignorc amendments 6,7 & 8 bd @ven io rhe usDal rutes fordemoElised conmand5 ard sponraneous advances. Tiris could Eive ftetarl or O\tord far gEarer innuence on lhe ourcome of the brlte,

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7th Augusi 1999Meadourbank Stadiurn

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HUDDERSFIELD. W. YORKSHIBE. ENGLAND. HD7 5QG.

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