lotte world tower reflectivity study · magnitude of the study • each simulation traces 500,000...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Lotte World Tower Reflectivity Study · Magnitude of the Study • Each simulation traces 500,000 rays. • 198 total simulations for Lotte World Tower • If 1 ray = 1 Coca Cola](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022041018/5ecc8b3ec35ff9103a633e74/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Lotte World Tower Reflectivity Study
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Solar Reflectivity
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Solar Reflectivity Examples
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The Death Ray
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Solar Control technologies
• IGU’s – Coatings – Films
• Shading devices
– Louvers – Brise soleil – Solar screens
• Finishes – Natural stone – Metal Panels – Composites
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Modeling tools
CDC’s Reflectivity modeling Old technology
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Building Orientation • What if the Vdara was still in Las Vegas but rotated 90 degrees?
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Building Location • What if the Vdara was in Sao Paulo, Brazil?
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Glare issues • Sustainability impact
– Micro-climates modified • Neighboring buildings affected • Glare onto highways • Discomfort for pedestrians
• LEED
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Glare limits • Lack of criteria in the industry • Measurement is subjective
– Age – Eye color – Eye ware – Scars – Contrast
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Glare Comparison
Cloudy Sky (2,000 cd/m2)
Moon Surface (2,500 cd/m2)
Clear Sky (8,000 cd/m2)
Vdara (9,000 cd/m2)
Compact Fluorescent light (11,000 cd/m2)
Walt Disney Concert Hall
(18,000 cd/m2)
60 Watt Light Bulb (120,000 cd/m2)
Candle light (200,000 cd/m2)
Sunset (600,000 cd/m2)
Sun at noon (1,600,000,000 cd/m2)
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Lotte World Tower
Seoul, Korea 123 Stories 555 Meters
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Unique Features
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Figures
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Optics • Light rays traveling in a
medium – Scope of this study
• Reflection laws
• Reflection types
– Specular – Diffuse
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Glare Notes • Vertical fins influence
– High incident angle – Low/normal incident angle
• Metal frame effect
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Glare Notes • Effect at building corners
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Boundary Conditions
• Model Simplification – Results (simplified)
• Only reflections from the Tower are analyzed
• Only primary specular reflection
– Diffuse reflection – Secondary reflection
(rebound)
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Comparison
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Shadows
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Magnitude of the Study • Each simulation traces 500,000 rays. • 198 total simulations for Lotte World Tower
• If 1 ray = 1 Coca Cola bottle (250 ml) – Case study = 99,000,000 Coca Cola bottles – 10 Olympic size pools
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How is it done?
Ray injection (December 21st at 16:00 hrs)
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How is it done?
Reflected rays (December 21st at 16:00 hrs)
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How is it done?
Reflected ray “curtain” (June 21st at 11:00 hrs)
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Sun Tracking
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• December 21st
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Sun Tracking
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• All year (at noon)
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Observations • Reflectivity path on
Road/bridge • Maximum intensity
– buildings across from the lake
• Buildings at northwest of Tower; reflectivity intensity and presence varies during April to August
• The tower, reflects onto itself from April to August
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Reflectivity Control
• Distant reflections – Sunrise and sunset, low solar angles
• Glass reflectance coefficient – >16% – <16%
• Reflectivity close to Tower’s shaft – Shading devices
• Buildings west of the Tower – Skylight
• Shading devices
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Thank you
Presented by:
Vicente Montes CDC
CurtainWall Design Consulting, Inc.