logistics functions and inter-relationship

1

1 NTU ERP Class

Logistics Functions and Inter-relationship

References

• Keller, SAP R/3 Process Oriented Implementation• Shtub, Enterprise Resource Planning• Bowersox, Logistical Management• Oracle ERP training handouts

2 NTU ERP Class

Order Fulfillment Process

• The process is triggered by customer’s order.

• The process is aimed at fulfilling customer’s order toensure the long-term success of the organization.

2

3 NTU ERP Class

Order Fulfillment Process Chart

OtherSources

Customers

Sales Planning(Forecast)

CustomerOrder

CapacityPlanning

MPS MRP DetailedSchedule

ManufacturingOrder Release

ProductionControl

InventoryStorage

Delivery

Procurement Vendor

Receiving

CostManagement

AccountPayable

Financial &Accounting

Management

VenderPayment

GeneralLedger

AccountReceivable

CustomerPayment

HumanResource

InformationTechnology

ProjectManagement

InboundLogistics

OutboundLogistics

Integrated Logistics

ProductionLogisticsDemand

management

4 NTU ERP Class

Design of Order Fulfillment Process

• Focus on Time, Cost, Flexibility, and Quality.

• The key design factor is the way production andpurchasing orders are initiated.

3

5 NTU ERP Class

Supplier

Plan

Customer Customer’sCustomer

Suppliers’Supplier

Make DeliverSource Make DeliverMakeSourceDeliver SourceDeliver

Internal or External Internal or External

Your Company

Source

供應鏈作業參考模式(SCOR)

6 NTU ERP Class

Supply Chain Management

SuppliersProcurementWarehouse

ManufacturesDistributionWarehouse

Customers

Materials Delivery or Post-SalesService

Procurement & MaterialReturn

Ordering (ForcastOrder)

& Sales Returns

Distribution (Order Fulfillment) or Post-SalesService

Inbound Logistics( Procurement Logistics )

Outbound Logistics( Distribution Logistics )

Integrated Logistics

Production Logistics

4

7 NTU ERP Class

• Order Management– Order entry, order processing, order fulfillment

• Customer Service– Customer management, sales support (post-sales service), sales returns

• Sales & Marketing– Sales planning, forecast, sales & distribution system information, sales

compensation, pricing & discount management.

Part I: Outbound Logistics

8 NTU ERP Class

Order Management

• Order Entry– Order entry (manual, electric, blanket)– Credit check– Order acknowledgement– Inventory availability– Order modification– Order configuration– Order pricing– Promotion check

5

9 NTU ERP Class

Available to Promise (ATP)

• Flexible definition of ATP rules

Example: ATP calculation

Periods 1 2 3

Openingon hand qty 0 10 0

Supply 50 50 50

Demand 40 70 50

Period ATP 10 - 10 0

Cum ATP 10 0 0

ATP Rules

Period ATPCumulative Period ATPForward ConsumptionBackward ConsumptionBackward - Forward

10 NTU ERP Class

Capable To Promise

• Capable To Promise provides theability to check the availability ofcapacity at key resources

6

11 NTU ERP Class

Order Configuration

• Pick to order configuration

• Assemble to order configuration

12 NTU ERP Class

Pick to Order Configuration

2. Configurationcomponents arepicked fromwarehouse

3. Configuration is shipped to customer

4.Customer receives invoice forconfiguration

1. Customerorders modelwith options

7

13 NTU ERP Class

Assemble to Order Configuration

4.

3. Configuration ispicked fromwarehouse

5. Customer receives invoice forconfiguration

2. Configuration ismanufactured inWork in Process.

1. Customerorders modelwith options

Configuration is shipped to customer

14 NTU ERP Class

Order Management

• Order Processing– Assign order source– Order status inquiry– Reassign order source– Inventory reservation– Create invoice– Cancel invoice– Discount and rebate

8

15 NTU ERP Class

Order Management

• Order Fulfillment– Release order for shipment– Schedule shipment to coincide the carriers and

customer priority– Deliver partial or complete– Expediting– Fulfill back-order– Order Tracing

16 NTU ERP Class

Oracle Applications: Order Management

選配件產品

訂單輸入發票開立

出貨管理

退貨管理

退貨審核

貨品退回

訂單完成

銷貨折讓

訂單排程

重排程

保留

允交量查詢

庫存餘額更新

未交訂單管理

檢貨

定義各項流程次序

定義流程元件

定義企業運作流程- 彈定規則訂單處理流程- 授信核度檢查- 退貨管理- 訂單排程

訂單處理流程定義

授信額度檢查

出貨確認

例外管理訂單保留- 自動- 手動

訂單解除管制

訂價訂單審核確認客戶基本資料線上查詢庫存餘量- 允交量- 保留量

授信額度檢查

9

17 NTU ERP Class

Order Cycles - Standard Cycle

EnterStandard Action Entered

Booked

ReceivablesReceivablesInventoryInventory

Pick Release

Complete

Backorder

PartialPartial

Released

Backordered

Confirmed

Interfaced Invoiced

And

Ship Confirm

18 NTU ERP Class

Order Cycles - with Approvals

ReceivablesReceivablesInventoryInventory

EngineeringReview

Pick Release

Complete

Enter

Pricing Review

Backorder

Entered

PartialPartial

Booked

Fail FailPass PassAnd

Released

Backordered

Confirmed

Interfaced Invoiced

And

Standard Action

User-Defined Action

Ship Confirm

10

19 NTU ERP Class

Customer Service

• Customer Management– Define customers, sites and contacts– Maintain customer information– Define credit limits and limits per order– Define customer agreement and payment

20 NTU ERP Class

Customer Service

• Sales Support– Identify service requirement– Create sale and service employee plan– Schedule service

• Sales Return– Determine return materials process– Receive and inspect returns– Credit to customers

11

21 NTU ERP Class

Sales and Marketing

• Sale Planning– Plan sales quantity for groups of products– Evaluate planned sales quantities with data (sales

revenue, rebates, discount)– Plan profitability

• Forecast– Predict future price and demand

• Sales and Distribution Information System– Gather, condense and evaluate data from sales

22 NTU ERP Class

Sales & Marketing

• Sales Compensation

• Pricing and Discount Management– Create pricing list– Define currency– Change price structure– Define discount program

12

23 NTU ERP Class

Part II: Production Logistics• Production Planning

– Sales and operations planning, demand management, master planning (MPS),MRP, capacity planning, scheduling

• Inventory Control– Inventory, WIP, logistics information system, warehouse management

• Shop Floor Control• Product & Process Development

– Engineering, BOM, routing, materials forecast

• Quality– Planning, inspection, control, certification, notification.

• Plant Maintenance– Preventive maintenance, maintenance order management, service management

24 NTU ERP Class

Production Planning

• Sales & Operations Planning– Obtain data for production– Obtain rough planned sales quantities based on

market analysis or past data– Connect sales planning and master planning

13

25 NTU ERP Class

Production Planning

• Demand Management– Determine the planning strategies

• Make to stock• Make to order• Make to configuration

– Determine requirement quantities for finalproduct or important assemblies.

26 NTU ERP Class

Material Planning Process

CustomerOrder

S. O. P MPS

Inventory

Forecast

Rough-Cut CapacityPlanning WIP

MRP

Purchasing

CapacityRequirement

Planning

DemandManagement

14

27 NTU ERP Class

Production Planning

• Master Planning– Get info from forecast, demand management, other schedules– Determine planning time fence– Create master production schedule (MPS)– Rough-cut capacity planning (RCCP): check work loading or

other resources for work center

28 NTU ERP Class

Production Planning

• MRP– Deterministic planning– Consumption based planning

• Capacity planning– View and report capacity requirement– Modify available capacity

15

29 NTU ERP Class

Oracle Applications: Master Planning

DefiningMaster

DemandSchedule

DefiningMaster

ProductionSchedule

MaterialRequirements

Planning

CapacityRequirements

Planning

MaterialPlan

Execution

Rough CutCapacityPlanning

ManagingForecasts

NotesMaster Demand Schedule: The anticipated SHIP scheduleMaster Production Schedule: The anticipated BUILD scheduleSeparation of the two allows users to build to a level schedule,created by smoothing demand. Work Orders and

Purchase Requisitions

30 NTU ERP Class

Oracle Applications: MPS/MRP

預測資料

Oracle客戶訂單

其他系統客戶訂單

需求報表&查詢

需求資訊載入

主需求排程

需求排程更新

詳細產能計劃

物料需求計劃

RCCP瓶頸產能規劃

主生產排程

工單請購

BOM

計劃工單

計劃採購單

現有庫存量

16

31 NTU ERP Class

Production Planning

• Scheduling– Create planned orders– Release planned orders– Reschedule work orders– Build assemblies– Manage rework– Monitor production and cost performance

32 NTU ERP Class

Product Scheduling Flow

• Issue Components• Backflush Components• Replenish Components• Move Through Operations• Charge Resources• Charge Overhead• Outside Processing

Importorders from

othersystems

Importorders from

othersystems

ManuallyDefineJobs or

Schedules

ManuallyDefineJobs or

Schedules

BuildAssemblies

BuildAssemblies

ManageRework

ManageRework

RescheduleJobs,

Schedules & Operations

RescheduleJobs,

Schedules & Operations

MonitorProductionand Cost

Performance

MonitorProductionand Cost

Performance

Monitor• Valuation• Variance• Usage• Performance

Plan Orders(Job&Schs)(MRP RUN)

Plan Orders(Job&Schs)(MRP RUN)

Implement Planned Orders

(Workbench)

Implement Planned Orders

(Workbench)

17

33 NTU ERP Class

Discrete vs. Repetitive Manufacturing

Discrete Manufacturing• Make assemblies in batches or groups• Define jobs(also work order or

manufacturing order)• Detailed scheduling• Charge the job• Job Costing

Example:– Computer assembly– Furniture manufacturer

Repetitive Manufacturing• Make assemblies continuously over a

predefined amount of time• Define repetitive schedule• Repetitive line scheduling• Charge the repetitive assembly or line• Period Costing

Example:– Circuit board assembler– Automobile manufacturer

34 NTU ERP Class

Defining Discrete Jobs & Repetitive Schedules定義工單及量產排程

Job & Schedule informationdefined in the WIP system;Order released to shop floor

ManuallyDefineJobs &

Schedules

ManuallyDefineJobs &

Schedules

Implement MRPPlanned orders

via plannersworkbench

Implement MRPPlanned orders

via plannersworkbench

ImportPlanned orders

from othersystems &

implement them

ImportPlanned orders

from othersystems &

implement them

For Job and Schedule • Material requirements • Resource load• Routing operations• Start & end dates• Status

• Other MRP systems• Infinite capacity systems• Downstream customers• Order entry systems for assemble to order

Simulate a discrete jobbefore defining it

RescheduleDefine Build

Rework

Monitor

18

35 NTU ERP Class

Scheduling Discrete Jobs (工單排程)

• Key functionality supported in detailed scheduling• Multiple resources per operation• Fixed length activities such as setup & teardown• Overlapping operations to match actual processes• Schedule to the minute

OperatorInspectorMachinistTeardown

Op Seq 20

Operator Assembly Operator

SetupOp Seq 30

Mill

Machinist Operator

Tear Down

Op Seq 10Lathe

Start Date End Date

Critical PathNon Critical Path

Legend:


Rework

Monitor

Scheduling overlapping operations utilizing multiple resources

36 NTU ERP Class

Scheduling Repetitive Lines (量產排程)

9:00 AM

8:00 AM

Assembly A Assembly B

4:59 PM12:01PM12:00 AM

5:59 PM1:01 PM1:00 PM

Line Speed(Units/Hour)

Time

Key functionality supported• Scheduling based on line speed and production hours• Sequencing assemblies• Scheduling to the minute • Autorelease to balance WIP and Utilization


Rework

Monitor

Scheduling multiple repetitive jobs on a line

19

37 NTU ERP Class

Rescheduling Assemblies (重排程)

Job & Schedule information in the WIP systemRe-scheduleassembly to

meet material and capacityconstraints

Re-scheduleassembly to

meet material and capacityconstraints

• Backward scheduling• Forward scheduling• Manual scheduling• Mid-point scheduling• Mass rescheduling


Rework

Monitor

ManuallyUpdate

Requirements & Operations

ManuallyUpdate

Requirements & Operations

ScheduledEngineering

Change

ScheduledEngineering

Change

• Manual engineering change• Resource substitution• Material substitution

Simulate toimproveschedule

Simulate toimproveschedule

• Validate material shortages• Validate resource load

• Unreleased jobs• All repetitive schedules

38 NTU ERP Class

MoveAssembliesand chargeresources

MoveAssembliesand chargeresources

IssueComponents

from INVto WIP

IssueComponents

from INVto WIP

CompleteAssembliesfrom WIP

to INV

CompleteAssembliesfrom WIP

to INV

RawInventory

• Issue to job or schedule for push manufacturing• Replenish subinventories for pull consumption• Issue to bulk• Locator control• Lot , serial number & revision control• Reversing transaction

• Perform interoperation & intraoperation moves• Outside processing• Backflush• Lot, serial number & revision control• Charge labor and machines

• Automatically at standard• Manually at standard and actual

• Charge overheads• Reversing transactions

• Perform completions• Perform overcompletions• Backflush• Lot, serial number & revision control• Reversing transactions

FinishedGoodsInventory


Rework

Monitor

Building Assemblies (生產)

20

39 NTU ERP Class

Performing Outside Processing (外包管理)

Operation 20(Outside Processing)

Operation 20(Outside Processing)

VendorVendor

Operation 10Operation 10 Operation 30Operation 30

Move to queue”

ShipAssemblies

ReceiveAssemblies

PO RequisitionAutomatically

created on move

PO RequisitionAutomatically

created on move

RecordReceiptsRecord

Receipts

Purchase Orderor Release

Created

Purchase Orderor Release

Created

• Outside resources charged at standard rate or PO amount•免驗入庫/上線

• Assembly automatically moved to the queue of Operation 30

Physical FlowSystem Flow

Legend


Rework

Monitor

40 NTU ERP Class

Collecting Plant Data (生產實績收集)

MoveOpen

Interface

MoveOpen

Interface

ResourceOpen

Interface

ResourceOpen

Interface

InventoryOpen

Interface

InventoryOpen

Interface

Barcode TerminalsAGV SystemsMES Systems

Barcode TerminalsAGV SystemsMES Systems

Timecard SystemPayroll Systems

Timecard SystemPayroll Systems

Barcode TerminalsAGV SystemsASRS System

Barcode TerminalsAGV SystemsASRS System

ExternalSystems

OpenInterfaceTables

OracleWIPSystem


Rework

Monitor

• Issue• Completion• Backflush

• Move• Charges• Backflush

• Charges

21

41 NTU ERP Class

Managing Rework and Scrap重工與報廢管理

RejectReject

Op Seq 1Op Seq 1Op Seq 2

RunRunQueueQueue10 units 7 units

To moveTo move

ScrapScrap

Op Seq 3Op Seq 3Op Seq Rework

Op Seq Rework

Option 3: Scrap

MaterialReviewBoard

Subinventory

MaterialReviewBoard

Subinventory

NonStandard

Job

NonStandard

Job

Direct chargenon count point

Option 1: Repair at rework operation

ToOp Seq 4

Option 2: Repair in place

Recover

3 unitsOption 4: Rerun

Option 5: Rerun at prior operation

42 NTU ERP Class

Analyzing Cost Performance (成本績效分析)

WIP and Inventory Elemental Valuation Accounts • Material• Material Overhead• Resource• Outside Processing• Overhead

WIP Elemental Variance Accounts• Material Variance• Resource Variance• Outside Processing Variance• Overhead Variance• Standard Cost Adjustment Variance

Standard Discrete Job

Nonstandard Asset Job

Nonstandard Expense Job

Repetitive Schedule

Work in Process Elemental Valuation Accounts

Absorption Accounts

Scrap AccountStandard CostAdjustment Account

OverheadCharges

ResourceCharges

WIPElementalVarianceAccountsJob Close

InventoryElementalValuationAccounts

MaterialTransactions

Assembly ScrapTransaction

Cost UpdateTransaction

Period Close

Assembly Completion Transaction


Rework

Monitor

22

43 NTU ERP Class

Oracle Applications: Shop Flow Control

產生工單(或量產排程)

完成品入庫

原物料耗用

報表- 工單成本- 期間成本- 成本差異- 成本衡量- 物料耗用- 資源耗用

組立裝配 (選項)外包

反溯扣帳

工單發放發料裝配完成工單完成

製造資源耗用- 人工- 機器設備- 製造費用

送貨/交貨外包交貨

外包安排生產製程

用料表展開

手開工單銷售訂單計劃工單

44 NTU ERP Class

Inventory Control

• Inventory– Model Organizations and sub-inventory– Configure items to business needs (attribute, status, categories)– Perform inventory control (locator, serial, lot control)– Verify on hand inventory– Perform ABC analysis– Perform cycle count– Plan replenishment

• Reorder point• Min-max planning• Sub-inventory replenishment

23

45 NTU ERP Class

Oracle Applications: Inventory Control

庫存控制

可承諾量查核

內部領用

檢貨單

雜項發料/ 退貨

發料/出貨入庫異動

實際盤點

標籤與序號列印

盤點

過帳交貨

預測與再訂購管理

存貨管制規則- Min-max- Reorder Point- Sub-inventory replenishment

交貨/預定安排

庫存評估/報表

定義作業規定

總帳更新

定義作業流程

組織/倉庫定義

檢驗登帳

運送收料

退貨

料品管理

供應商

內部

成本

狀態

目錄

分類

樣板

供應商

內部

訂單處理

自動請購

餘額更新

調整

庫存平價表

循環盤點- 自動排程- 手動排程

46 NTU ERP Class

Inventory Control

• WIP

• Logistics Information System– Serve as decision support to materials management

• Warehouse Management– Define structure, storage bin– Strategic suggestion for placement for storage, picking,

and stock placement

24

47 NTU ERP Class

Oracle Applications: WIP Supply Type

Completions

Raw &Subassembly

Inventory原料倉半成品倉

Jobs 工單

Schedules 排程

Work In Process 生產線

Floor Stock Account在製科目

Vendor供應商

Bulk Vendor外包商代購料(Outside Processing)

Operation Pull Backflush

Assembly Pull Backflush

Miscellaneous Issue雜項發料

Push Issue工單領料

Floor Stock Inventory 生產線邊倉

Finished GoodsInventory成品倉

Replenish庫存補充

48 NTU ERP Class

Product & Process Development

• Engineering– Manage available resources (define resources, create dept. and

assign resources)– Manage product introduction (define items, BOM, routing,

costing, building, purchasing, release to manufacturing, lead timeestimation)

– Manage product improvement (create approval, and implementengineering change orders)

– Delete obsolete product

25

49 NTU ERP Class

Oracle Applications: Product Development

研發試作量產製造

Define Item料品定義

(Engineering)

Define BOM產品結構

(Engineering)

Define Routing 生產製程(Engineer)

Item Control料品控制

Define Item料品管理

Item料品

(Manufacturing

BOM產品結構

(Manufacturing)

Define Routing 生產製程

(Manufacturing)

Transfer

ECN(mfg)

Implement

ECN(Eng)

Implement

50 NTU ERP Class

Oracle Applications:Engineering

聯接操作製程

料品定義

定義資源

建立用料表選用零配件/料品

成本累計

半成品

成品

定義資源使用量

新產品流程建立替代性製程定義製程

材料需求

新產品開發

建立替代性用料表產品規格- 型號、選項

工單排程量產日排程實施設計變更單

設計變更單

26

51 NTU ERP Class

Bill Of Material• Define primary, alternate, common, phantom, planning, and configuration

bills of material (BOM)• Define substitute items and non- costed item engineering diagram

references and enter unlimited comments for each component• Control BOM changes by revision and effective date/time• Copy and share BOMs within and across organizations• Mass-change BOM• Secure access to BOM by bill type• Assign component yield information for material planning, production

scheduling, and costing• Select material-handling supply locations and issue methods by component• Gain visibility to released and pending engineering change orders• Delete and archive obsolete BOM and components• Define product families with family member allocation percentages

52 NTU ERP Class

Production & Process Development

• Routing– Define the primary, alternative and common routings– Define routing for product family– Control routing change– Define department and resource for each operation– Define standard operations

27

53 NTU ERP Class

Item, BOM, and Routing

Item,Product Structure

(Routing)-

010SMT

020Insertion

030Assembly

040Packing

(投料製程)(投料製程)(投料製程)

Operation

Resource

54 NTU ERP Class

Define Routing

生產製程(Routing)- 生產部驟,標準工時,標準成本

010SMT

020Insertion

030Assembly

040Packing

Operation(產品生產作業)

SMT Insertion Assembly PackingSTD Operation(標準生產作業)

生產一課Department(部門)

生產二課組立課包裝課

Machine LaborMachine Machine Machine MachineLaborResource(機器,人力....)

28

55 NTU ERP Class

Routing (製程定義流程)

DefineResource

DefineDept Class

DefineDepartment

....Charge Type

.Basis

.Standard Rate

.Overhead

DefineStd Operation

DefineRouting

....Own Resource

.Overhead Rate

.Standard Rate

.Overhead

....Count Point

.Backflush

56 NTU ERP Class

Quality

• Quality Planning– Maintain quality-related data (materials, inspection characteristics)– Provide inspection plan– Provide sampling procedure and scheme

• Quality Inspection– Provide results for quality control

29

57 NTU ERP Class

Quality

• Quality Control– Control inspection performed with current level at all times

• Quality Certification– Certify the use of certain manufacturing or work methods,

the performance of inspections.

• Quality Notification– Notify problem messages

58 NTU ERP Class

Plant Maintenance

• Preventive Maintenance– Manage task lists, preventive maintenance strategies (rules),

maintenance items

• Maintenance Order Management– Manage notifications, orders, confirmations, log, capacity

requirement and resource planning

• Service Management– Manage service agreement, installation and call management

30

59 NTU ERP Class

Part III: Inbound Logistics

• Procurement– Purchasing– Supplier Scheduling– Receiving– Invoice Certification– Vender Management

60 NTU ERP Class

Purchasing Process

DesignProduct

SelectVender

NegotiateInventory

Demand

RFO( Request ForQuotation )

PO issue

VenderReceiveMatchInvoice

Quality( time, cost )Feedback

31

61 NTU ERP Class

Purchasing Process

Design Product

Select Vendor Negotiate Pricing

Demand

MRP

WIP

Inventory

Other SystemsRequisition

Vendors

Receive

Match InvoiceManage Accruals

Cost

On-time

Quality

Measure/Improve

AgreementsQuotations

Internal

Source

62 NTU ERP Class

Sourcing

Request forQuotation

PurchaseOrder

Quotation

RequisitionPool

Vendor Quotation

List

Print and Send RFQ

Zoom

ImportedReq

Manual Manual

Manual Manual

AutoCreate

AutoCreate

AutoCreate

32

63 NTU ERP Class


RequisitionPool

Vendor Quotation

List

Print and Send RFQ

Manual

AutoCreate

• Specify mandatory RFQ for certain items• Multiple price breaks and discounts• Automatic notification of late RFQ

Request for Quotation(RFQ) (詢價)

64 NTU ERP Class

Vendor Quotations (報價)

Quotation

Vendor Quotation

List

Print and Send RFQ

AutoCreate


33

65 NTU ERP Class

Manage Requisitions 請購管理

DemandMRP

WIP

Inventory

RequisitionRequisition

ApproveApprove

Import/Reschedule Requisitions

Manually Create

Source:Vendor

Source: Internal Sales Order

Order Entry

Requisition Pool

Print Assign Control

WIP MRP Inventory OtherSystems

EDI

66 NTU ERP Class

Managing Purchase Orders

Requisition Pool

Auto Create

Manually Create

Maintain Documents

PO

Approve

Print AcceptControl Revise

Match Invoices in PayablesReceive against PO

34

67 NTU ERP Class

Auto-creating Purchase Orders (請購自動轉採購)

ExistingStandard

PO

New PO

Add to PO

ExistingPlanned

PO

New BlanketRelease

StandardPO

PlannedPO

Suggested VendorItemCategorySuggested BuyerNeed-By DateDocument TypeShip-To LocationUrgentRequestorCurrency

SpecifySearch Criteria:

ExistingBlanketRelease

68 NTU ERP Class

Purchase OrderPO

VerifyDocument

CheckFunds $ \/ PO

approvalaction

Submit to Another Employee

PO

noyesForward to Another Employee Print

& Mail

PO

ManageApprovalQueue

Enter SignatureApprovals

POPO

online?

Approve

PO

\/

Document Approval Process (單據核准流程)

35

69 NTU ERP Class

Managing Receipts (收料流程管理)

Order Entry + Inventory VendorInternalShipment

Shipment

Receive

InspectTransfer

Shop Floor Inventory Expense

Deliver

70 NTU ERP Class

Receipt Controls

ReceivingRouting

Days Early/Late Tolerance

Enforce Ship-To Location

3-way:Receipt

Required4-way:

InspectionRequired?

Ordered100

Received105

??A = BAllow

Substitutes

Qty ReceivedTolerance

Matching

\/ok

1995

Receipt Control (收料控制)

36

71 NTU ERP Class

Use Locations in Receiving (收料點管理)

Ship-To Locations

Receiving Dock A-12Receives 20 Items

Receiving Locations

Cold Storage NC-420 Items

Inspection Station 5520 Items

TRANSFER

Houston FactoryReceives 10 Items

Stockroom X4

Locator 23-B10 Items

InternalSite

Subinventory

Jay Chan10 Items

Destinations

DELIVER

TRANSFER

Dallas Office

Office Site

72 NTU ERP Class

Oracle Applications: Supplier Scheduling

• Manage supplier item catalog, supply agreements, andsourcing rules

• MRP or DRP generated recommendations• Generate planning and shipping schedules manually or

automatically• Include many ship-to organizations on a schedule• Print or send schedules• Receive advance shipping notices

37

73 NTU ERP Class

Oracle Applications: Purchasing

請購單處理

各種採購單- 標準式- 計劃式- 合併式- 合約式

收貨 (料)

檢驗

異動處理- 收貨- 運送- 調撥

退貨

應付帳款對帳

應計作業- 暫記項目- 傳票- 月結

報價單收集

請求報價(撰擇性項目)

自動產生訂購單

發放

核准

定義企業流程- 收料控制- 核准及安全管制- 交貨來源- 採購預算管制- 異動處理方法

內部轉移

發票處理

應付帳款成立

總帳科目更新

核准

供應商挑選

MRP需求

存貨狀況

在製品(委外)

列印/EDI

判退

供應商交貨

手開請購

開放介面

允收

74 NTU ERP Class

Part IV: Integrated Logistics

• Human Resources– Organizational Management, Workforce Planning, Training

& Event Management, Recruitment, Time Management,Incentive Wages, Payroll, Travel, Personal Development.

• Financial Management– Investment Management, Cash Management, Depreciation

Simulation, Capital Measures.• Accounting Management

– General Ledger, A/P, A/R, Legal Consolidation, AssetManagement.

38

75 NTU ERP Class

Part IV: Integrated Logistics

• Cost Management– Overhead Cost Controlling, Product Cost Controlling,

Profitability analysis.• IT Related Management

– E-commerce (Web employee, Suppliers, Customers), EDI,Workflow, Business Intelligence System (BIS), ExceptionSystem (alert).

• Project Management– Planning, Budgeting, Execution, Costing, Information System.

76 NTU ERP Class

Features:� 有標準/平均成本二項作業方式� 保留所有異動及成本轉帳分錄相關資料� 可同時管理資產及費用帳� 運用法則式(rule-based)處理營收及銷貨成本科目� 標準成本變更重估� 收集、保留工單/量產計劃之成本資料� 委外加工成本收集� 製造費用收集分攤, 可依個別產品, 批次或資源別按金額、數量、價值分別取固定費用或比率值而決

定

� 所有生產線在製品異動及成本分錄圴保留, 以供過帳

� 產品成本估算可由用料表及製程資料彙總Roll-up)而取得

Cost Management (成本管理系統)

� 定義多組成本要素, 可彈性定義料品成本結構� 單一製程可投入多種資源, 更合乎實際� 可做單一/分類/單階用料表、成本捲動� 代用料表、備選製程也可以分析成本元素及內容� 可依成本分類做多組成本模擬、比較� 可依批次大小、資產/費用、自製/外購件定義不同的成本控制類別

� 可用不同幣別查閱庫存、利潤分析表� 導入專案活動基礎之成本追蹤方式(Activity BasedCosting)� 全面與財會系統連結, 各系統間均可拋轉過帳� 可將異動資料、主檔成本資料等轉出或轉入外接系統, 讓您的介面更自由開放

39

77 NTU ERP Class

Costing Process

ItemDefinitions

BOMDefinitions

RoutingDefinitions

Production order release

WIP

InventoryTransactions

Payables

General LedgerCost Models

Purchase order release

PO Receipt

Cost Setup

Cost Rollup Item Costsas Planned &as Built

ProductionPlan

Cost Update

78 NTU ERP Class

Oracle Applications: Cost Management

交易資訊

定義配件成本

報告

採購收料

定義成本計算規則成本累計成本更新庫存值計算

採購料品

材料

材料管理費用

用料表

製程

成本元件-工作項目/活動- 料品- 批次- 資源單位- 總價

半成品

庫存

資源成本

採購退貨

公司間移轉

移動平均成本更新

雜項收發

選擇模擬規則

模擬

凍結成本

凍結成本

40

79 NTU ERP Class

EDI Communications

✔ Outbound Purchase Order✔ Outbound Planning Schedule (Forecast)✔ Outbound Shipping Schedule✔ Outbound Purchase Order Change✔ Inbound Advance Shipping Notice✔ Inbound Advance Shipping and Billing Notice✔ Application Advice for DESADV & 856/857✔ Outbound Payment Advice✔ Inbound RFQ Response✔ Inbound Price/Sales Catalog

✔ Inbound Sales Order✔ Outbound Invoice (AR)✔ Outbound Advance Shipping Notice (ASN)

Suppliers Manufacturing Distribution Customers

80 NTU ERP Class

Order Entry

Order Entry

Billing Shipping Purchasing G/L A/R Inventory

DemandManagement

WIP

MRP

BOM

E.C.CapacityPlanningSchedulingWarehouse

ManagementLogistics Info

System

OrderConfiguration

OrderProcessing

OrderFulfillment

CustomerManagement

41

81 NTU ERP Class

Inventory

Inventory

Cost Mgmt MPS MRP WIP WarehouseManagement

Logistics InfoSystem

Engineering

BOM

OrderEntryOrder

ProcessingShippingPurchasingReceivingExceptionE.C.

SalesReturn

G/L

A/P

A/R

82 NTU ERP Class

Purchasing

Purchasing

CM SupplierScheduling Receiving Invoice

CertificationVender

Management

PM

MRP

WIP

Inventory

SchedulingLogisticsInfo System

WarehouseManagement

MaterialsForecastQuality

OrderEntry

HR

FM

AM

42

83 NTU ERP Class

Cost Management

CostManagement

ProjectManagement

AM FM

HR

Purchasing

Sales Planning

Order EntryPlant Main-

tenanceProductionPlanning

ProductProcess

Development

Routing

BOM

InventoryControl