life13 env/lu/000460 linear (gdi 2017) life di ngvs · sible, same levels of performance and...
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Life13 ENV/LU/000460 www.delphiau.to/Life
Life DI-CNG
Life Cycle Assessment for Manufacturing of Direct Injection Natural Gas Injectors
Authors: Dr. Joachim Kiefer, Delphi Automotive Systems Luxembourg, Powertrain Systems
Dr. Elorri Igos, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, ERIN Department
Introduction and Objectives
Demonstrate the technical feasibility of DI-CNG injector manufacturing at pre-industrial prototype level and evaluate envi-
ronmental performances of DI-CNG technology via Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) study.
Direct-Injection of Compressed Natural Gas (DI-CNG) technology
DI-CNG Injector Engine performance boost Monovalent DI-CNG vehicle End consumer
+ Driving comfort and power
+ Increased efficiency and reduced
gas consumption
+ Low operation costs and taxes
+ High range (>600 km), fast fueling
+ Zero particles, ultra low emissions
- Limited vehicle fleet
- Insufficient fueling infrastructure
across Europe
Environmental Impact Evaluation of DI-CNG technology
Acknowledgements:
Massimo Ferrera, Fiat Research Center, www.gason.eu
Summary and Conclusions
Preliminary LCA results show that Direct Injection of Natural Gas (DI-CNG) can decrease significantly the environmental impact of
passenger cars during their operation in particular when using renewable natural gas (RNG). Moreover Natural Gas Vehicles (NGVs)
do not emit particles and display ultra low NOx emissions. Thus combustion engines operating with natural gas could become com-
plementary to electrification. Direct injection enables further improvements of efficiency. While downsizing of engines becomes fea-
sible, same levels of performance and driving comfort can be reached than with modern Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) vehicles.
Further LCA results will compare the manufacturing of injectors and of the modified engine components for gasoline direct injection
and monovalent DI-CNG vehicles.
Leaflet
Take Away
193
104
59
82
0
50
100
150
200
250
GDI DI-CNG RNG(manure)
RNG(manure +
mais)
g(C
O2) e
q/k
m -46% -69% -57%
Carbon footprint: Well-to-Wheel
Contact:
Tel: ++352 5018 2403
Visit us on
Stand #6
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800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800
CO
2[g
/km
]*
Vehicle weight [kg]
GDI 2017
2020 Target
NGVs
Linear (GDI 2017)
Tank-to-Wheel emissions
-20% Sp
eed [k
m/h
]
NEDC
GDI
PFI-
CNG
-20%
Testing by European Driving Cycle
*: NEDC testing
Well-to-Wheel
En
erg
y &
Ma
teri
als
Waste & Emissions Time
Preliminary LCA results Selected impacts (ILCD recommenda-
tions):
CC: climate change
OD: ozone depletion
HT, nc: Human toxicity, non carcinogenic
HT,c: human toxic., carcinogenic
PM: Particulate matter formation
POF: photochemical oxidant
FEP: Freshwater eutrophication
MEP: Marine eutrophication
FET: Freshwater ecotoxicity
WR: Water resources depletion
MD: Metal depletion*
FD: Fossil depletion*
*: ReCiPe method
Injector
lifecycle
System boundaries
DI-CNG injector
+ engine parts
DI-CNG
Well-to-Wheel
GDI
Well-to-Wheel
GDI injector
+ engine parts