life span chapter 11
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Chapter 11
Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood
20s & 30sPowerPoints developed by Jenni Fauchier,
Butchered by Professor Carney
Markers of Becoming an Adult
• When do we consider someone an adult?• (other than legally)
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Markers of Becoming an Adult
• Most widely recognized marker: • Holding permanent, full-time job
• Economic independence• Often long process
• Taking responsibility for self
• How changing?
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• Accepting responsibility • Consequences of actions
• Deciding beliefs & values
• Establishing relationship with parents as equal • What does this mean?
Markers of Becoming an Adult Cont.
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• 3 assets especially important to well-being during transition:
• 1. Intellectual (cognitive)
• 2. Psychological
• 3. Social friends)
I purchased socks
Markers of Becoming an Adult
Achieving the Transition 3 Types of Assets
• 1. Intellectual• Academic success
• Ability to plan • (delay gratification)
• Good decision-making skills
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Achieving the Transition 3 Types of Assets
• 2. Psychological• Mental health• Mastery motivation• Confidence in competence• Identity• Values• Community contributions
• 3. Social • Connectedness to others through:• Friendship• Positive peer relations
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Achieving the Transition 3 Types of Assets
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College Issues
• Today’s students experience more:• Stress• Depressed more then past
• Main concerns• Pressure
• Succeed in college• Get a great job• Make money
• Recession?
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Emerging Adulthood• Emerging Adulthood 18-25
• Transition from adolescence to adulthood• 5 features characterize emerging adulthood:
• 1. Identity exploration• Especially in love & work
• 2. Instability • 3. Self-focused • 4. Feeling in-between • 5. Possibilities
• Opportunity to transform their lives
I insisted Sarah fold pajamas
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Physical Performance & Development
• Physical performance peak before 30
• Signs of decline 30 • Sagging chins • Protruding abdomens • Lessening of physical abilities • Begin decline in physical performance
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Health
• 2x’s mortality rate of adolescents • Don’t think how lifestyles affect health
later• Smoking• Junk food
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Substance Abuse• Mid-20’s, reduced use alcohol & drugs
• Binge drinking • More common among college men • Problems include
• Missing classes
• Physical injuries
• Troubles with police
• Unprotected sex
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Sexuality
“Good girls go to heaven, bad girls go everywhere. “ Mae West
• Casual sex more common (18-25)
• Sexual orientationCombination of
•Genetic
•Hormonal
•Cognitive
•Environmental factors
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Realistic & Pragmatic Thinking
• Realistic and Pragmatic thinking
• Face reality• Idealism decreases
• What factors might cause this?
• Early adulthood switch from • acquiring knowledge
• to
• applying knowledge
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Reflective & Relativistic Thinking Perry
• When younger• Black & white thinking
• good/bad• right/wrong
• How does this change as we become an adult?
• Thinking in adulthood• Reflective & Relativistic thinking
• Consider many views
• Determine most suitable answer to situation.
• Others believe• Reflective thinking
• Important indicator of cognitive change
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Reflective & Relativistic Thinking Perry
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Postformal Thought
• Postformal thought• Understanding correct answer to problem
requires reflective thinking• Can vary situationaly
• Ex: Should I get an abortion?
• Includes belief • Solutions to problems need to be realistic • Emotion & biases can influence thinking
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Creativity
• Time of great creativity
• Decline in 50’s & later
• Extensive individual variation in lifetime output of creative individuals
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Career & Work
• Important themes of early adulthood:• Earning a living
• Choosing occupation• Establishing career• Developing career
Career & Work
• By mid-20’s• Many completed education or
training • Full-time occupation
• Remainder of early adulthood• Establish career• Improve financial standing
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Personality• Personality type theory
• Important to match personality with career
• Holland believes• Careers fit personality
• More likely • Enjoy work• Stay job longer
Personality
6 basic career-related personality types:
1.Realistic: Thinkers
2.Investigative: Doers
3.Artistic: Creators
4.Social: Helpers
5.Enterprising: Persuaders
6.Conventional: Organizers20s & 30s
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Holland’s Job Fit Theory