GROWTH, LEARNING, ART/ARCHITECTURE, RELIGION

Life after the Crusades

Towns and Cities

As the violence subsided, travel became safer.

Small communities that were mostly self-sufficient were now free to trade with other.

This led to the rise of Towns and Cities.

A warming climate during this period led to healthier people and a boost in population.

People began to gather in towns.

Providing food and services to Crusaders stimulated business.

Banks and business relationships grew.

Cities

Some towns grew so much they became cities.

Wall were built around them to protect them from Marauders.

Eventually enough people would settle outside the wall and another would have to be built.

Guilds

Guilds are where artisans, craftspeople, merchants and other professions were trained according to the standards of their trade.

In time these Guilds became quite powerful because of their special skills.

Thomas Aquinas

1225-1274“Reason and

Science are compatible with revelation and faith.”

New Learning

Universities

Universities means ‘all the world’.

The First University was established in Bologna, Italy.

University of Paris and Oxford in England.

Students began seeking out the best teachers.

Architecture

Churches were designed in the Gothic style.

Pointed arches, bigger windows made of stained glass, large interiors.

This was accomplished by using the ‘flying buttress.

Art and Sculpture

These impressive buildings were adorned with stone sculptures that represented beliefs of the time.

Churches were decorated with paintings that represented Christian values.

Work

Question # 2 on page 545

Read pages 545-556Questions 1-3.