libro de gramacticas 2 semester
DESCRIPTION
Spanish Grammar Book Semester TwoTRANSCRIPT
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Libro de Gramaticas
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El Preterito; -Car,-Gar,-Zar•Tocar Jugar Comenzar
•Toque -Jugue -Comence•Tocaste -Jugaste Comenzaste•Toco-Jugo -Comenzo•Tocamos -Jugamos Comenzamos•Tocaron -Jugaron -Comenzaron
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Modal Verbs Ir+a+infinitive (going to do something) Poder+infinitive (are able to do
something) Querer+infinitive (want to do
something) Deber+infinitive (should do something) Tener que+infinitive (to have to do
something) Soler+infinitive (to be accustomed to…)
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Los Adverbios Spanish adverbs are formed by adding –mente to
the feminine singular form of the adjective. Claro» clara»claramente»clearly Perfecto»perfecta»perfectamente»perfectly If it ends in an ‘e’ or a consanant, keep it the same
and add “–mente”. When two adverbs modify the same verb, only the
second one uses the “–mente” ending. First adverb is the same as the feminine singular!
Irregulares: Muco, Muy, Mal, Bastante, Bien, Ya, Tan, Demasiado, Nunca, Poco, Peor, Siempre.
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Progressive Tense The Present Progressive- formed by
combining the verb ‘to be’ ,estar, with the present participle (-ing form of a verb). Estoy hablando a ti. Estas nadando en el rio.
The Past (Imperfect) Tense- formed by combining estar with the present participle. Estaba hablando a ti. Estabas nadando en el rio.
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Las Cucarachas Andar- Anduv- Estar - Estuv- Poder - Pus- Querer -Quis- Venir - Vin- Decir -Dij- Traer - Traj- Conducir - Conduj- Producir -Produj- Traducir - Traduj-
Yo- e
Tú- iste
Él- o
Nosotros- imos
Ellos- ieron
Drop “I” sound in third person plural
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Snake and snakeySnake:
Stem changers
- Dormir:- Dormí- Dormimos- Dormiste- Durmio- Durmieron
o Snakey:o Y Changerso Leer
o Leío Limoso Leisteo Leyoo Leyeron
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SPOCK!
→ ←
↓
dar
ser
hacer
ver
irIr/ser:
-fui-fuiste-fue-fuimos-fueron
Dar/ver:-i-iste-io-imos-ieron
Hacer:-hice-hiciste-hizo-hicimos-hicieron
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El futuro “Will”Infinitive + -é
-ás
-á
-emos
-án{}
Ejemplo: Tomorrow I will sing.Traduce: Mañana cantaré.
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El Futuro Irregulares
Decir Hacer Poner Salir Tener Valer Poder Querer Saber
Dir-Har-Podr-Saldr-Tendr-Vendr-Podr-Quer-Sabr-
→-é-ás-á-emos- éis-án
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-Car, -Gar, -Zar
car
gar
zar
→ que
gue
cè
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Modal Verbs
Conjugate and pair modal verb without infinitive to get a new meaning: Ir+ a+ infinitive: “Going to do something” Poder +a + infinitive: “ Are able to do something” Querer +a +infinitive: “Want to do something” Deber +a +infinitive: “Should do something” Tener +que + infinitive: “to have to do something” Soler + a+ infinitive: “ To be accustomed to__"
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Los Adverbios
Verb + mente! Frequente +mente= frequentemente :D
“frequent+ly= frequently” Feliz + mente= felizimente!
“happy+ ly= happily”
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Progressivos!
Present: Progressive is formed by combining the verb “to be” with the present participle ( -ing form of a verb)
Estar+ando/iendo/yendo Examples:
Present: “Estoy hablando a ti”- I am talking to you.
Past: conjugate estar with present participle Examples:
Past: “Estaba hablando a ti”- I was talking to you
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Superlatives
La mas- bigger La menos- smaller El mejor- better El menor- worse
Exemplos: Nora Ruiz es la hermana la mas grande y
Rosa Ruiz es la hermana la menos grande. Joel es el mejor atleta. Tim no es tan rapidotan
Joel.
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Formal Commands
Irregulars: TVDISHES: Tenga Vea Diga Vaya Haga Sepa Easta Seya
1.Start with the “yo” from of the present indicative.2. Drop the “o” ending3. Add the following endings:
-ar verbs: -e for usd. And –en for usds.
-er and ir verbs: -a for usd. And –an for usds.
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Conditional
Used to express possibility, probability, wonder or conjecture and is usually translated as a “would”, “should”, or “could” “ must have” or “probably”.
Infinitive + íaíasíaíamosíaisían
Hablar:
HablaríaHablaríasHablaríaHablaríamosHablaríaishablarían
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Preposiciones
Abajo- below Arriba- above Debajo de- underneath Dentro de- inside Encima de- on top of Fuera da- outside
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Demonstrativos