1

Lesson Two

Photosynthesis

2

photosynthesis[]

The process in green plants and certain other organisms by which carbohydrates are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water using light as an energy source. Most forms of photosynthesis release oxygen as a byproduct.The synthesis of organic compounds by reduction of CO2 using light energy absorbed by chlorophyll.

3

Photosynthesis:

turning sunlight

Into reduced carbon

4

Absorption spectrum[]

The electromagnetic spectrum, broken by a specific pattern of dark

lines or bands, observed when radiation traverses a particular

absorbing medium.

吸收光谱：由特定的黑线或黑带分裂形成的电磁谱，当辐射通过一特定的吸收介质时即可被观察到

Radiation: n. 发散 , 发光 , 发热 , 辐射 , 放射 , 放射线 , 放射物 Ultraviolet[]: adj. 紫外线的 , 紫外的 n. 紫外线辐射 Ultra- 表示“极端，过度”之义 Ultrasonic ultraconservative

5

Absorption spectrum吸收光谱

6

Calvin-Benson cycle

Carbon: n.[ 化 ] 碳 ( 元素符号 C), ( 一张 ) 复写纸 , 副本；复写的副本

A sheet of carbon paper. 复写纸 Sugar phosphate: 磷酸糖类

phosphate: n. 磷酸盐

7

Calvin-Benson cycle卡尔文 · 本森循环

8

Carotenoid []

9

Chlorophyll 叶绿素

10

Chloroplast 叶绿体

11

Bundle-sheath cell 纤维束鞘细胞

Cuticle [] cell 表皮细胞

Upper epidermis [] 上表皮

Palisade mesophyll [] 栅栏叶肉

Veinlet[] 细叶脉 , 微管束

Spongy[] mesophyll 像海绵的 , 柔软 , 多孔而有弹性的

Lower epidermis

C3 plant and C4 plant 碳三植物和碳四植物

12

Light-dependent reaction 光反应

Light-independent reaction 暗反应

13

Photon [] 光子

14

Photorespiration[] 光呼吸

15

ribulose biphosphate RuBP[]

16

17

Text

18

protist[ ]n.[ 生 ] 原生生物包括原生动物、粘菌和某些藻类原生生物现在属于原生生物界，它是大多数现代分类系统中的一个新的类别

19

energetic []adj. 精力充沛的，积极的 energetics[]n. 热力学 , 动能学 , 力能学

exergonic[]adj. 放出能的，释能反应的，做功的 endergonic[ ]adj. 吸能的oxidize[]v.( 使 ) 氧化，使脱氢，使增加原子价；使 ( 原子、离子 ) 除去电子

20

Absorption spectrum 吸收光谱

21

Antenna complexes 天线色素

22

Reaction-center chlorophyll 中心色素

23

24

25

the light independent reaction 暗反应

the light dependent reaction 光反应

26

Chlorophyll a

27

Chlorophyll a and b

28

29

30

plastoquinone

31

Cyclic photophosphorylation 循环光合磷酸化

[]

32

Noncyclic photophosphorylation 非循环光合磷酸化

33

PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis

HH22OO COCO22

OO22 CC66HH1212OO66

Light Light ReactionReaction

Dark ReactionDark Reaction

Light is AbsorbedLight is AbsorbedBy ChlorophyllBy Chlorophyll

Which splitsWhich splitswaterwater

ChloroplastChloroplast

ATP andATP andNADPHNADPH22

ADPADPNADPNADP

Calvin CycleCalvin Cycle

EnergyEnergy

Used Energy and is Used Energy and is recycled.recycled.

++

++

34

哇！哇！ 终

于结束了。。。

终于结束了。。。