lesson 2 phases of neural dvelopment 2013
TRANSCRIPT
PHASES OF NEURAL DEVELOPMENT IN LEARNING
Lesson 2: Phases of Neural Development
Thursday, 4 April 2013
Previous Lesson Exam Question
2012 VCAA Exam
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Model Response
VCAA Assessors Report 2012
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Outcomes (What you need to know and be able to do) • Explain the neural pathways involved in learning,
synapse formation, and the roles of various neurotransmitters
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Why is learning important............
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Why is learning important............
It is crucial to SURVIVAL
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Donald Hebb (1946)
Theorised that when two neurons are jointly activated they become more closely linked
ʻneurons that fire together wire togetherʼ
This creates neural pathways (neural circuits) which are an interconnected groups of neurons organised
as a network that is active during the learning process
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Zygote (single cell)
Cells multiply
They differentiate (become specialised)
Cells must form relationships with cells around them - They form synapses in a process called
synaptogenesis
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Synaptogensis
Synaptogensis occurs throughout a healthy person’s lifetime
This happens rapidly from 2months before birth - 2years of age
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Effects of Experience on Neural Development
Genetics alone do not determine neural development
Experience plays a part in neural development
Hebb proposed that use of neurons improved their function ‘Use it or loose it’
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Studies Supporting the Hebb idea
Animals reared in the dark (Cragg, 1976) were found to have fewer synapses and fewer dendrites in their visual cortices
Rats raised in a enriched environment show greater synapse formation and grater dendrite development
Kandel’s research and LTP theory
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What is LTP again..........
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What is LTP again..........
The long-lasting strengthening of synaptic connections resulting in enhanced function of neurons along a neural pathway whenever activated
Thursday, 4 April 2013
What is LTP again..........
The long-lasting strengthening of synaptic connections resulting in enhanced function of neurons along a neural pathway whenever activated
LTP is a crucial mechanism of learning: Learning may not be possible without it
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The role of neurotransmitters in learning
NT’s involved in learning:Glutamate: Strengthens connections at the synapse during learning
Dopamine: May be involved through rewarding ‘pleasure’ experience.
Acetylcholine: Present in some learning experiences but specific role unclear
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Activity 1 - Create a poster1. Hand draw or use a computer program to represent the following:
- Create a flow chart to show the neural steps involved in learning (Include the following: the creation of new pathways, synaptogenesis, neurotransmitters)
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