Lesson 1

Global Warming

Lesson 1

Global Warming

Look at the pictures and what do you

know about global warming.

What effect will global warming have on the sea and the living things in the sea?What effect will global warming have on the sea and the living things in the sea?

What will happen with global warming?

Will global warming affect the life of

North Polar Bear ?

What will happen to penguins because o

f global warming ?

Para 1

Para 2

Para 3

Para 4

Para 5

What can we do to reduce global wa

rming What is global warming and how it

works Reasons and its effects Draw readers’ attention to the topic

by asking questions---introducing the consequence of global warming

Listen to the tape of the text and matchthe heads with the paragraphs.

1) What is global warming?

Global warming is an average increase

in the Earth’s atmosphere.

2) What human activities are causing glo

bal warming ?

Industry, agriculture, transportation,

cutting down of trees and the burning

of fuels are causing global warming.

3) By how much has the global average temperature increased in the last 100 years?

By 1ºF (One degree Fahrenheit) 4) Are greenhouse gases necessary for lif

e on Earth? Yes, they are. Because they trap heat i

n the atmosphere of the Earth. Otherwise the Earth would be cold and unsuitable for life.

5) How can we help solve the problem of global warming?

We can make small changes like taking public transport, recycling, using low-flow shower heads, and buying energy-efficient light bulbs to help stop global warming.

Fill in the blanks about the text.

Global warming means an average incre

ase in the Earth’s temperature which ca

uses climate change in turn. Scientists t

hink it is ______ ______ that cause glob

al warming, especially gases from _____

___ and vehicles which speed up global

warming.

factories

human beings

They also think global warming is one of

the biggest environmental problems in th

e 21st century.

The Earth’s temperature is controlled by

__________ _____like carbon dioxide w

hich ___ heat from the sun in the Earth’s

atmosphere. Many experts believe global

warming is mainly caused

greenhouse gases

trap

by human ________. Over the last 100 ye

ars , the global average temperature has i

ncreased _______ and if human beings co

ntinue to pump __________ gases into th

e Earth’s atmosphere, the global warmin

g will cause dramatic climate changes lik

e more frequent floods, _________ and

by 1°F

greenhouse

heat waves

activities

Droughts. There are some serious disea

ses. Sea level will be ______ , floating co

astal area , negatively affecting ______

and forestry.

So governments all over the world s

hould reduce the ______of greenhouse

gases. We individuals should pay _____

___ to what we are doing, even

raised

fishing

release

attention

small changes like ______ public transpo

rt, ________, using low-flow __________

__, buying energy-efficient ___________

using recycled paper or ___________ lig

hts can have __________ on the future of

the Earth .

taking

recycling

shower heads

light bulbs

switching off great effect

Language points

Scientists have reported that huma

n beings are causing changes in th

e Earth’s climate---something ____

_____ seen as _________________.

previously

beyond our control

previously in the past

beyond 在那边 / 超出…的范围This book on literature is beyond

our reach.

This bicycle is beyond repair.

他的忠诚是毋庸置疑的 .

His honesty is beyond question.

They claim that the gases pumped into

the Earth’s atmosphere by our factories

and vehicles have been speeding up the

process of global warming and thereb

y affecting our climate.

What is the function of the underlined

part “pumped ”?

It is used as attributive ( 定语 ).

speed up 反义 : slow down

affect have a bad effect on sth.

Global warming ________ an average

increase in the Earth’s temperature th

at, in turn, _______ climate change.

refers to

leads to

refer to 提到 , 谈到

Don’t worry. I don’t think the manag

er referred to you.

Promise me not to refer to the matter

again.

lead to

1. 通向 This road leads to the library.

2. lead to=result in=bring about

The fight led to their divorce.

increase …by … 增加了… / increase

…to… 增加到…The temperature of the room is incre

ased by 12ºC, that is, the temperatur

e of the room is increased to 29ºC.

Cf : reduce …by…/ reduce…to… ris

e by / rise to

insist:

(1) urge in a forcible manner 坚决主张 , 坚决要求

e.g. He insisted I (should) go with the

m. =He insisted on my going with

them.

(1) allow to go; set free 释放 When coal is burning, it will release a

lot of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

(2) allow (news/films )to to be known or published 发布 , 发行

The news has been released.

release:

(1) the property of things which can

be measured, e.g. size, weight, n

umber. 物质的属性 , 量e.g. I prefer quality to quantity.

quantity:

(2) amount, sum or number 数量e.g. We’ve had quantities of rain this su

mmer. 今年夏天雨下得很多。

He buys things in quantity/ in large

quantities.

他总是大宗采购东西。

pin sth. on somebody 把某事归罪于某人汤姆是无辜的 , 他们只是想把责任推给他。

Tom is innocent. They just tried to

pin the blame on him.

play one’s part 参与 , 起作用Women play an important part in

the society.

add up 加起来＝ total up / add u

p to =total up to 加起来为…He added up the numbers and th

e numbers added up to 233.

Use the expressions in the box in the

correct form to complete the sentences.

beyond our control/ pump into/

as a result of/ in huge quantities/

refer to/ speed up

Exercises

1. Water was ___________ the fish pond

from the river.

2. We all need to ________ to finish in ti

me!

3. There is nothing more we can do. The

situation is now ________________.

pumped into

speed up

beyond our control

4. ____________ the accident, she is no

w afraid of water.

5. The scientist _________ global warm

ing at least three times in his speech.

6. The factory was producing greenhou

se gases ________________ .

As a result of

referred to

in huge quantities

Grammar

1. Human beings are causing changes

in the Earth’s climate.

to report that

What verbs are used in the text to rep

ort these statements ?

2. Gases pumped into the Earth’s atm

osphere have been speeding up the

process of global warming.

to claim that

3. Global warming could be one of the

biggest environmental problems fac

ing the 21st century.

to believe that

4. Global warming is mostly due to hu

man activities.

to insist that

5. Global warming will cause terrible c

limate changes including more frequ

ent floods, heat waves, and droughts.

to warn that

Ex 7: Look at these sentences from the

text and explain why the underlined v

erbs are not the same tense as the repo

rting verbs.

1. Recent reports warned that global w

arming will cause terrible climate ch

anges.

2. Scientists found that the temperature

of the Earth is controlled by greenho

use gases.

Answer :

1) because it is in the future

2) because it is a general truth

Ex 8. Match the sentences with appropr

iate reporting verbs from the list. Then

write the reported sentences.

admit/report/forbid/ask/invite/order

/suggest/threaten

1. We’ll close credit lines if you don’t

reduce the amount of carbon dioxi

de you produce.

2. OK, you’re right, some poisonous c

hemicals did escape into the atmosp

here.

3. Why don’t you drop in tonight ahea

d of your meeting?

4. Stand up immediately!

5. You can’t use the dictionaries durin

g the test.

6. Shall we have pancakes with honey?

7. Is the bus service running according

to the timetable today?

8. The fire has luckily caused no loss of

life.

1. They threatened to close our credit

lines if we don’t reduce the amout o

f carbon dioxide we produce.

2. They admitted that some poisonous

chemicals had escaped into the atm

osphere.

The answers:

3. He/She/ They invited me to drop in t

onight ahead of my meeting.

4. He/She/They ordered me to stand up

immediately.

5. He/She/They forbade me to use our d

ictionaries during the test.

6. He/She/They suggested having/that

we should have pancakes with honey.

7. I/He/She/They/We asked if the bus se

rvice was running according to the ti

metable today.

8. They reported that the fire had lucki

ly caused no loss of life.