1Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Introduction

Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved.1-2

Lesson Objectives

After completing this lesson, you should be able to do the following:• List the course objectives and explain the class

structure• Review the Oracle Database 10g architecture

Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved.1-3

Course Objectives

In this course, you gain experience in:• Using Recovery Manager (RMAN) for advanced

backup and recovery• Employing database monitoring practices for

memory, performance, and storage• Managing resources, job schedules, security, and

globalization issues

Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved.1-4

Suggested Schedule

1: Introduction2: Configuring RMAN3: Using RMAN4: Non-Critical Recovery

5: Recovery6: Flashback7: Corruption 8: Memory

9: Performance

10: Schema11: Storage12: ASM

13: Resources14: Scheduler15: Security

16: Globalization17: WorkshopAppendixes

Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved.1-5

What Is Covered in the DBAI Course

1. Introduction2. Installation3. DB Creation4. Instance

5. Storage6. Users7. Schema8. Data & Concurrency

9. Undo10. Security11. Network12. Proactive Maintenance

13. Performance14. Backup & Recovery

Concepts15. Backup

16. Recovery17. Flashback18. Moving Data

Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved.1-6

Course Examples: The HR SchemaREGIONSREGION_ID (PK)REGION_NAME

COUNTRIESCOUNTRY_ID (PK)COUNTRY_NAMEREGION_ID (FK)

LOCATIONSLOCATION_ID (PK)STREET_ADDRESSPOSTAL_CODECITYSTATE_PROVINCECOUNTRY_ID (FK)

DEPARTMENTSDEPARTMENT_ID (PK)DEPARTMENT_NAMEMANAGER_IDLOCATION_ID (FK)

JOBSJOB_ID (PK)JOB_TITLEMIN_SALARYMAX_SALARY

EMPLOYEESEMPLOYEE_ID (PK)FIRST_NAMELAST_NAMEEMAILPHONE_NUMBERHIRE_DATEJOB_ID (FK)SALARYCOMMISION_PCTMANAGER_ID (FK)DEPARTMENT_ID (FK)

JOB_HISTORYEMPLOYEE_ID (PK)START_DATE (PK)END_DATEJOB_ID (FK)DEPARTMENT_ID (FK)

REGIONS

COUNTRIES

LOCATIONS

DEPARTMENTS

JOBS

EMPLOYEES

JOB_HISTORY

Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved.1-7

Oracle Database 10g: The Database for the Grid

• Automatic Storage Management• Portable clusterware• Real Application Clusters and automatic workload

management• Resource Manager• Oracle Streams• Centralized management with Enterprise Manager

Grid Control• Oracle Database 10g new self-management

features

Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved.1-8

Database Architecture: Review

Storage structures

Memory structures

Process structures

Instance

System Global Area (SGA)

Background processes

Database files

Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved.1-9

Oracle Memory Structures

Java pool Databasebuffer cache

Redo log buffer

Shared pool Large pool

SGA

Streams pool

Serverprocess

1PGA

Serverprocess

2PGA Background

process PGA

Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved.1-11

Oracle Processes

SystemMonitor(SMON)

DatabaseWriter

(DBWn)

Check-point

(CKPT)

LogWriter(LGWR)

ProcessMonitor(PMON)

Archiver(ARCn)

Serverprocess

Serverprocess

Serverprocess

Serverprocess

System Global Area(SGA)

Background processes

Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved.1-12

Reviewing Oracle Instance Management

SGA

DatabaseWriter

(DBWn)

LogWriter(LGWR)

Databasebuffer cache

Redo log buffer

1

User process2

Example:Starting a database instance

Establishing a connection

SystemMonitor(SMON)

ProcessMonitor(PMON)

Data files Redo log files

Instance

Serverprocess3

Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved.1-13

The user updates a row.Redo log

files

Reviewing Oracle Instance Management

InstanceSGA

DatabaseWriter

(DBWn)

Databasebuffer cache

Redo log buffer

Serverprocess

User process

4

10

7

6

5

8

Example:Processing a

SQL statement

Archiver(ARCn)

9

Checkpoint(CKPT)

Data files Archive logs

Control file

LogWriter(LGWR)

Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved.1-14

Physical Database Structure

Online redo log files

Password file

Parameter file Archive log files

Control files Data files

Alert and trace log files

Backup files

Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved.1-16

Example:SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST = '/u01/oradata'; SQL> CREATE TABLESPACE tbs_1;

Oracle Managed Files (OMF)

Specify file operations in terms of database objects rather than file names.

Parameter Description

DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST Defines the location of the default file system directory for data files and temporary files

DB_CREATE_ONLINE_LOG_DEST_n Defines the location for redo log files and control file creation

DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST Defines the location for RMAN backups

Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved.1-17

Logical and Physical Database Structures

Database

Logical Physical

Tablespace Data file

OS block

Segment

Extent

Oracle datablock

Schema

Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved.1-19

Database Architecture:Summary of Structural Components

• Memory structures– System Global Area (SGA): Database buffer cache,

redo buffer, and various pools– Program Global Area (PGA)

• Process structures– User process and server process– Background processes: SMON, PMON, DBWn,

CKPT, LGWR, ARCn, and so on• Storage structures

– Logical: Database, schema, tablespace, segment, extent, and Oracle block

– Physical: Files for data, parameters, redo, and OS block

Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved.1-20

Summary

In this lesson, you should have learned how to:• List the course objectives• Review the Oracle Database 10g architecture