leed , lighting, and sustainable design - facilities...
TRANSCRIPT
LEED®, Lighting, and Sustainable Design
May 27 9:00 am. – 5:00 pm
Melanie Taylor, NBBJ Michael Lane, Lighting Design Lab
Barbara Erwine, Paladino & Company
Melanie, Michael, Barbara
• Designers• TAG Member• Reviewer
• What is LEED?• The LEED Process • Best Practices• Individual Credits• ASHRAE Standard 189• Living Building
Challenge & LEED 3.0
• A refresher• How it’s done• The basics• The Nitty Gritty• An alternative• The future
WHAT IS LEED?
LEED Rating SystemTM
– Voluntary, consensus-based rating system– national standard– measuring tool to reward sustainable design
decisions– LEED does not guaranty sustainable design
Leadership in Energy and Environmental DesignLeadership in Energy and Environmental Design
Why Use LEED?
– To measure the sustainable aspects of a project
– To compare the project with other sustainable building projects
– To create an owner’s manual for the building
Introduction to LEED
• LEED does not necessarily produce good lighting design
• It awards points for avoiding some transgressions
– LEED was developed by the U.S. Green Building Council (U.S. Green Building Council (USGBCUSGBC))
– USGBC is a not-for-profit organization comprised of a board of directors & volunteer committees from the building industry
– USGBC decisions are made on a consensus basis
WHO DEVELOPED LEED?WHO DEVELOPED LEED?
US Green Building Council
USGBC LEED Products
Core and Shell
Core and Shell
HomesHomes
LaunchedLaunched PilotPilot
Neighborhood Development
Neighborhood Development
multiple-occupancy and multiple-development projects across all building types & occupancies.
multiple-occupancy and multiple-development projects across all building types & occupancies.
RetailRetail
NewConstruction
NewConstruction
Multiple Buildings & Campuses
Schools
Healthcare
Retail
Laboratories
Multiple Buildings & Campuses
Schools
Healthcare
Retail
Laboratories
Existing BuildingsExisting
BuildingsCommercial
InteriorsCommercial
Interiors
USGBC ChaptersFrom USGBC website
More than 10,000 member organizations and a network of 75 regional chapters
Growth of USGBC?From USGBC website
• August 1998– LEED for New Construction launched at
USGBC Membership Summit
1993 1998 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
USG
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• March 2000– Twelve initial pilot projects achieve
certification under LEED for New Construction Version 1.0.
– LEED for New Construction Version 2.0
1993 1998 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
USG
BC F
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NC
Pilo
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2.0
• 2002 – LEED-EB Pilot– LEED-CI Pilot– LEED-NC Version 2.1
1993 1998 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
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• October 2003 – LEED-CS Pilot
1993 1998 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
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• October 2004– LEED for Existing Buildings Version 2.0
• November 2004– LEED for Commercial Interiors Version 2.0
1993 1998 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
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EB
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• November 2005– LEED for New Construction Version 2.2 – As of January 1, 2006, all projects must
register under Version 2.2
1993 1998 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
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EB
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• July 2006– LEED for Core and Shell 2.0
1993 1998 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
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• 2007 – LEED for Homes Pilot– LEED for Neighborhood Development Pilot – LEED for Schools (2nd Draft)– LEED Retail Pilot– Health Care
1993 1998 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
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Pilo
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• As of May 2008, over 3.5 billion sq.ft. of building projects (over 10,000 individual projects) have registered to seek LEED certification
Point Based System
• Prerequisites (required for all projects) – no point value
• Credits – points assigned based on achievement of threshold performance
• Rating – level assigned based on number of points achieved
What is LEED NC?
• New Construction: New building design & construction or major renovations
POINTS69 possible Certified 26–32Silver 33–38Gold 39–51Platinum 52–69
POINTS69 possible Certified 26–32Silver 33–38Gold 39–51Platinum 52–69
What is LEED EB?
• Existing buildings: addresses building operation and on-going upgrades and performance improvements
POINTS85 possible Certified 32–39Silver 40–47Gold 48–63Platinum 64–85
POINTS85 possible Certified 32–39Silver 40–47Gold 48–63Platinum 64–85
What is LEED CI?
• Commercial Interiors: For owners, tenants & design teams addressing design and installation of interiors. (Note: process can be driven by either owners or tenants.)POINTS
57 possible Certified 21–26Silver 27–31Gold 32–41Platinum 42–57
POINTS57 possible Certified 21–26Silver 27–31Gold 32–41Platinum 42–57
What is LEED CS?
• Core and shell: projects where interiors are not part of the initial design process
POINTS61 possible Certified 23–27Silver 28–33Gold 34–44Platinum 45–61
POINTS61 possible Certified 23–27Silver 28–33Gold 34–44Platinum 45–61
What is LEED Homes?
• Homes: For residential design and construction projects.
POINTS130 possible Certified 45–59Silver 60–74Gold 75–89Platinum 90–128
POINTS130 possible Certified 45–59Silver 60–74Gold 75–89Platinum 90–128
What is LEED ND?
• Neighborhood Development: Addresses neighborhood design with projects across all building types & occupancies.
POINTS106 possible Certified 40–49Silver 50–59Gold 60–79Platinum 80–106
POINTS106 possible Certified 40–49Silver 50–59Gold 60–79Platinum 80–106
Schools, Retail & HealthCare
• Addresses the unique nature of the design of these specific building types
SchoolsPOINTS79 possible Certified 29–36Silver 37–43Gold 44–57Platinum 58–79
SchoolsPOINTS79 possible Certified 29–36Silver 37–43Gold 44–57Platinum 58–79
RetailPOINTS71 possible Certified 26–32Silver 33–38Gold 39–51Platinum 52–69
RetailPOINTS71 possible Certified 26–32Silver 33–38Gold 39–51Platinum 52–69
HealthCarePOINTS71 possible Certified 29–35Silver 36–42Gold 43–56Platinum 57–77
HealthCarePOINTS71 possible Certified 29–35Silver 36–42Gold 43–56Platinum 57–77
Six Key Areas
Sustainable Sites
Water Efficiency
Energy & Atmosphere
Materials & Resources
Indoor Environmental Quality
Innovative Design Process
Sustainable Sites (SS)
• Sustainable site development– Light Pollution
Reduction
Water Efficiency (WE)
• Water savings– No lighting-related
credits
Energy & Atmosphere (EA)
• Energy efficiency– Prerequisites for commissioning and
minimum energy performance– Energy Savings (both exterior & interior
lighting– Additional Commissioning– Energy Use, Measurement & Verification
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
Base Model Reduced Lighting Pow erDensity
Ann
ual E
nerg
y C
onsu
mpt
ion
(kW
h)
Materials & Resources (MR)
• Materials– Luminaires don’t count
toward materials credits MRc4 Recycled Material and MRc5 Regional Materials (these include CSI MasterFormatDivisions 2-10 ONLY!)
– Windows can count toward MRc4 and 5
– Toxic Material Source Reduction: Reduced Mercury in Light Bulbs
Indoor Environmental Quality (EQ)
• Indoor environmental quality– Controllability of Systems: Lighting – Provision of Daylight– Provision of Views
Neighborhood Development
• Neighborhood Pattern Development– Transit Facilities (ND NPDc9)
• Green Construction & Technology– Infrastructure Energy Efficiency (ND
GCTc15)
THE LEED PROCESS
Evolution of LEED Products
LEED Committee
TAG’s
Public Comment
Response /Revision
Member Ballot
Release
LEED Reference Standard
Credit Interpretation Rulings (CIR)
Reviewers & Staff
(States) (Clarify / Modify) (Interprets)
LEED Committee writes the Reference Guide
Technical Advisory Groups (TAG’s) Respond
LEED Reference Guide
• Lists Prerequisites & Credits – Intent– Requirements– Potential Technologies &
Strategies– Reference Standards– Calculations– Approach & Implementation
Additional Help: Ref. Standards
• Provide background & additional guidance on calculations, thresholds, & methodologies
• An integral part of the Reference Guide
Additional Help: CIR’s
Credit Interpretation Request
Technical Advisory Group (TAG)
Credit Interpretation Ruling
Posted: http://www.usgbc.org/DisplayPage.aspx?CMSPageID=168
Additional Help: Green Specs
• Specifications– Section 13050 Special
Procedures - LEED Green Building Requirements
LEED NC Online Process
Registration
Design Docs Uploaded
Prelim Design Review
Final Design Review
Final Const. Review
Const. Docs Uploaded
Prelim Const. Review
Pending DeniedAwarded
DeniedAnticipated
Pending DeniedAwarded
AppealDeniedAwarded
Letter Templates
• At the end of the design & construction phases, LEED information is input into LEED Online Letter Templates
• Backup documentation is kept on file for final LEED application review
LEED NC Fees
• Registration fee: • $450 / $600 (member / non-member)
• Certification fee– Combined Design & Construction Review
• < 50,000 sq.ft. = $1,750 / $2,250• 50,000-500,000 sq.ft. = $0.035 / $0.045 per sq.ft.• > 500,000 sq.ft. = 17,500 / $22,500 • (may be submitted in two parts – design &
construction)
LEED NC Credit Distribution
Non-Lighting
LEED Credits
74%
Lighting-related LEED
Credits26%
Materials & Resources
19%
Energy & Atmosphere
25%
Water Efficiency7%
Sustainable Sites20%
Innovation & Design Process
7%
Indoor Environmental Quality
22%
Possible Points 69
Possible Points 14 Possible Points 13easy mod. diff. easy mod. diff.
Prereq 1 Prereq 1
Credit 1 1 Credit 1.1 1Credit 2 1 Credit 1.2 1Credit 3 1 Credit 1.3 1Credit 4.1 1 Credit 2.1 1Credit 4.2 1 Credit 2.2 1Credit 4.3 1 Credit 3.1 1Credit 4.4 1 Credit 3.2 1Credit 5.1 1 Credit 4.1 1Credit 5.2 1 Credit 4.2 1Credit 6.1 1 Credit 5.1 1Credit 6.2 1 Credit 5.2 1Credit 7.1 1 Credit 6 1Credit 7.2 1 Credit 7 1Credit 8 1
Possible Points 15Possible Points 5 easy mod. diff.
easy mod. diff. Prereq 1
Credit 1.1 1 Prereq 2
Credit 1.2 1 Credit 1 1Credit 2 1 Credit 2 1Credit 3.1 1 Credit 3.1 1Credit 3.2 1 Credit 3.2 1
Credit 4.1 1Possible Points 17 Credit 4.2 1
easy mod. diff. Credit 4.3 1Prereq 1 Credit 4.4 1Prereq 2 Credit 5 1Prereq 3 Credit 6.1 1Credit 1.1 2 Credit 6.2 1Credit 1.2 2 Credit 7.1 1Credit 1.3 2 Credit 7.2 1Credit 1.4 2 Credit 8.1 1Credit 1.5 2 Credit 8.2 1Credit 2.1 1Credit 2.2 1 Possible Points 5Credit 2.3 1 easy mod. diff.
Credit 3 1 Credit 1.1 1Credit 4 1 Credit 1.2 1Credit 5 1 Credit 1.3 1Credit 6 1 Credit 1.4 1
Credit 2 1
Stormwater Management , Treatment
Light Pollut ion Reduction
Landscape & Exterior Design to Reduce Heat Islands, Non-Roof Surfaces
Landscape & Exterior Design to Reduce Heat Islands, Roof Surfaces
Alternat ive Transportation, Parking Capacity
Reduced Site Disturbance, Protect or Restore Open Space
Reduced Site Disturbance, Development Footprint
Stormwater Management , Rate or Quantity
LEEDTM ScorecardDate
Materials & Resources
Prepared by Paladino and Company Inc., Copyright 2001
Project NameProject Owner
Certified: 26 to 32 points Silver: 33 to 38 points Gold: 39 to 51 points Platinum: 52 or more pointsTotal Project Score
Sustainable Sites
Erosion & Sedimentation Control
Green Pow er
Addit ional CommissioningOzone Deplet ion
Storage & Collection of RecyclablesSite Select ionUrban RedevelopmentBrownfield RedevelopmentAlternat ive Transportation, Public Transportation Access
Alternat ive Transportation, Bicycle Storage & Changing Rooms
Alternat ive Transportation, Alternative Fuel Refueling Stations
Optimize Energy Performance, 30% New / 20% Existing
Optimize Energy Performance, 40% New / 30% Existing
Optimize Energy Performance, 50% New / 40% Existing
Measurement & Verification
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) MonitoringIncrease Ventilat ion Effect iveness
Renewable Energy, 10%
Renewable Energy, 20%
Optimize Energy Performance, 60% New / 50% Existing
Renewable Energy, 5%
Fundamental Building Systems CommissioningMinimum Energy PerformanceCFC Reduct ion in HVAC&R EquipmentOptimize Energy Performance, 20% New / 10% Existing
Low-Emitt ing Materials, Carpet
Low-Emitt ing Materials, Composite Wood
Indoor Chemical and Pollutant Source ControlControllability of Systems, Perimeter
Innovat ion in Design: Specific Title
Innovat ion in Design: Specific Title
Controllability of Systems, Non-Perimeter
Thermal Comfort, Comply with ASHRAE 55-1992
Thermal Comfort, Permanent Monitoring System
Daylight & Views, Daylight 75% of Spaces
Innovat ion in Design: Specific Title
LEED™ Accredited Professional
Water Efficient Landscaping, Reduce by 50%
Water Efficient Landscaping, No Potable Use or No Irrigation
Innovat ive Wastew ater TechnologiesWater Use Reduct ion, 20% Reduction
Water Use Reduct ion, 30% Reduction
Innovation & Design Process
Daylight & Views, Views for 90% of Spaces
Innovat ion in Design: Specific Title
Building Reuse, Maintain 75% of Existing Shell
Building Reuse, Maintain 100% of Existing Shell
Building Reuse, Maintain 100% Shell & 50% Non-Shell
Construction Waste Management, Divert 50%
Construction Waste Management, Divert 75%
Resource Reuse, Specify 5%
Resource Reuse, Specify 10%
Recycled Content, Specify 25%
Recycled Content, Specify 50%
Local/ Regional Materials, 20% Manufactured Locally
Local/ Regional Materials, of 20% Above, 50% Harvested Locally
Rapidly Renew able MaterialsCert ified Wood
Water Efficiency
Energy & Atmosphere
Indoor Environmental Quality
Construction IAQ Management Plan, During Construction
Construction IAQ Management Plan, Before Occupancy
Low-Emitt ing Materials, Adhesives & Sealants
Low-Emitt ing Materials, Paints
Minimum IAQ PerformanceEnvironmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) Control
LEED Scorecard
INDIVIDUAL CREDITS
Credits
• Intent• Requirements• Potential Technologies & Strategies• Reference Standards
Sustainable Sites (SS)
Reduce Regional Impacts
Safeguard Site Ecology
Reuse Existing Sites
Preserving open space and recycling
developed land is a sustainable pattern of
development
SS
Sustainable Site Development
HomesCI
SSc9
SSc8
CS
Tenant Guidelines Lighting Energy & Controls
Safety, SecurityComfort
GCTc20SSc7SSc8SSc8Light Pollution
NDEBSchool
& Retail
NC 2.2Lighting Issue
SS
• SS Credit 8: Light Pollution Reduction (1 Point)
• Intent– Eliminate light trespass from the building and
site, improve night sky access and reduce development impact on nocturnal environments
• Still used in LEED-EB & LEED-CI
Version 2.1 March 2003
SS
RP-33 recommendations
• Meet or provide lower light levels and uniformity ratios than those recommended by the IESNA
BasicEnhanced Security2
Minimum Horizontal Illuminance3 lux4 2.0 5.0fc2 0.2 0.5
Uniformity Ratio, Maximum to Minimum6 20:1 15:1Minimum Vertical lllurninance7 lux8 1.0 2.5
Fc5 0.1 0.25
Table 1: Recommended Maintained Illuminance Values for Parking Lots
SSc8 – Light Pollution Reduction (2.1)
SS
Which lamp could you use?
• Design exterior lighting such that all exterior luminaires with more than 1000 initial lamp lumens are shielded and all luminaires with more than 3500 initial lamp lumens meet the Full Cutoff IESNA Classification
SSc8 – Light Pollution Reduction (2.1)
SS
• The maximum candela value of all interior lighting shall fall within the building (not out through windows)
• The maximum candela value of all exterior lighting shall fall within the property
SSc8 – Light Pollution Reduction (2.1)
SS
• Any luminaire within a distance of 2.5 times its mounting height from the property boundary shall have shielding such that no light from that luminaire crosses the property boundary
SSc8 – Light Pollution Reduction (2.1)
SS
– Shield all outdoor luminaries 50 watts and over so that they do not directly emit light to the night sky.
• OR – Provide calculations showing that less then
5% of light emitted by all outdoor lighting reach the night sky on an annual basis.
Version 2.0 July 2005July 2005
Option A & B Light to the Night SkySS
– With the building interior, exterior and site lights on and off, measure the illumination levels at the same locations at regular intervals around the perimeter of the property
– The property perimeter illumination levels measured with the lights on must not be more than 10% above the levels measured with the lights off
Version 2.0 July 2005July 2005
Option ALight TrespassSS
– Provide calculations showing that the maximum candela value of all interior lighting falls within the building (not out through windows) and the maximum candela value of all exterior lighting falls within the property
– Provide documentation that all luminaires within a distance of 2.5 times their mounting height from the property line have shielding that allows less that 5% of the light from these fixtures to cross the property boundary
Version 2.0 July 2005July 2005
Option BLight TrespassSS
EB Subgroup Discussion
• Projects that Earned Credit: 55%• Project that Never Attempted Credit: 45%• Summary of Issue:
– Credit has low impact on operations and maintenance– Documentation is too burdensome– Important issue, but often very difficult to achieve with older
buildings
• EB Subgroup Decisions:– Keep in EB– Align credit more closely with its counterpart in NCv2.2
SS
Intent
• SS Credit 8: Light Pollution Reduction–
Version 2.2 October 2005
SS
2.2 language also used in
• LEED-CS SS Credit 8:– Version 2.0 July 2006
• LEED-ND GCT Credit 20:– Pilot Version 2007
• LEED-S & LEED-R Credit 8– Pilot Version 2007
SS
NC 2.2 & Retail
FOR INTERIOR LIGHTING• The angle of maximum candela from each
interior luminaire as located in the building shall intersect opaque building interior surfaces and not exit out through the windows
OR• All non-emergency interior lighting shall be
automatically controlled to turn off during non-business hours (provide manual override capability for after hours use)
SS
CS and Schools
FOR INTERIOR LIGHTING• All non-emergency interior lighting, with a direct line of
sight to any openings in the envelope (translucent or transparent), shall have its input power reduced (by automatic device) by at least 50% between the hours of 11 PM and 5 AM. After hours override may be provided by a manual or occupant sensing device provided that the override last no more than 30 minutes.
OR• All openings in the envelope (translucent or transparent)
with a direct line of sight to any nonemergency lighting shall have shielding (for a resultant transmittance of less than 10%) that will be controlled/closed by automatic device between the hours of 11 PM and 5 AM.
SS
SSc8 – Light Pollution (2.2)
FOR EXTERIOR LIGHTING• Only light areas as required for safety and comfort• Do not exceed 80% of the lighting power densities for
exterior areas and 50% for building facades and landscape features as defined in ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2004, Exterior Lighting Section, without amendments
• All projects shall be classified under one of the following zones, as defined in IESNA RP-33, and shall follow all of the requirements for that specific zone:
SS
2.2 lighting zones
• LZ1 - Dark (Park and Rural Settings)– For population densities of less than 200
people per square mile according to the last U.S. census. Also for developed areas in state and national parks, areas near astronomical observatories, zoos and ANY area where residents have expressed a desire to maintain a natural nightime environment
SS
2.2 lighting zones
• LZ2 – Low (Residential areas)– For population densities of 200-3000 people
per square mile, according to the last U.S. census. This would include most areas zoned “residential” and is the default zone for residential areas
SS
2.2 lighting zones
• LZ3 – Medium (Commercial/Industrial, High-Density Residential) – For population densities greater than 3,000
people per square mile according to the last U.S. census. This lighting zone is intended for high density urban neighborhoods, shopping and commercial districts and industrial parks. This is the default zone for commercial and industrial areas
SS
2.2 lighting zones
• LZ4 – High (Major City Centers, Entertainment Districts)– This is for major city centers (with population
densities greater than 100,000 according t the last U.S. census), thematic attractions, entertainment districts, and major auto sales districts
SS
Light Trespass
• Design exterior lighting so that all site and building mounted luminaires produce a maximum initial illuminance value no greater than (LZ1=0.01, LZ2=0.10, LZ3=0.20, LZ4= 0.6) horizontal and vertical footcandles at the site boundary and no greater than 0.01 horizontal footcandles (10 feet for LZ1 & LZ2, 15 feet for LZ3 & LZ4) beyond the site boundary
SS
Light Pollution
• Document that (LZ1=0%, LZ2=2%, LZ3=5%, LZ4=10%) of the total initial designed fixture lumens are emitted at an angle of 90 degrees or higher from nadir (straight down)
SS
LZ2, LZ3 & LZ4
• For site boundaries that abut public rights-of-way, light trespass requirements may be met relative to the curb line instead of the site boundary
SS
• FOR MASTER PLAN PROJECTS– Develop exterior lighting master plan that includes
project site & surrounding buildings in a comprehensive manner addressing safety & security issues by sharing exterior lighting amenities while minimizing light pollution & energy consumption. The lighting master plan must show it incorporates the credit requirements as well as:
• How plan reduces light trespass & promotes night sky access and how projects fit into overall design.
• How safety, security, & comfort will be enhanced master plan.
SS
Schools (sports lighting)
• Automatic Shutoff: – All sports lighting shall be automatically
controlled to shut off no later than 11PM. Manual override shall be provided to avoid disruption of school sponsored sporting events.
SS
Schools (sports lighting)
• Trespass Calculations: – All trespass calculations shall be submitted for
two conditions: – (1) With the sports lighting turned off and all
other site lighting turned on, the light trespass requirements are (LZ1=0.01, LZ2=0.10, LZ3=0.20, LZ4= 0.6), and
SS
Schools (sports lighting)
• Trespass Calculations: – (2) with just the sports lighting on, the light
trespass requirements for horizontal and vertical footcandles may be increased to the following illuminance levels:
• LZ1 = 0.10• LZ2 = 0.30• LZ3 = 0.80• LZ4 = 1.50
SS
• No SS requirements
Pilot Version February 2007H
SS
The LEED TAG’s
• Technical Advisory Groups– SS TAG has 20 members
2/2/2004 - Credit Interpretation Request
• Our proposed design for pathway lighting in the middle of a large university campus setting uses pole-mounted IESNA CUTOFF luminaires. The objectives of the lighting design are to provide a safe nighttime environment for students, to minimize light pollution, and to maintain the campus historic aesthetic.
We understand that the intent of the specific requirement for FULL CUTOFF luminaires is to minimize the amount of upward light pollution. After significant research, we have determined that there are no “period-style” luminaires that match the campus standard and meet Full Cutoff classification, due to the nature of their design. We have also determined that it will not be possible to modify the standard luminaire to meet the full Cutoff classification.
In their "Advanced Lighting Guidelines 2003 Edition," the New Buildings Institute states, "It may be possible to reduce light pollution by using cutoff or semi-cutoff luminaires spaces further apart than full cutoff luminaires can be spaced to achieve the same uniformity.”
We intend to demonstrate that our proposed lighting design with Cutoff luminaires has less upward light pollution than a design using Full Cutoff luminaires achieving the same lighting uniformity. These two designs will be modeled using Lumen Micro or Radiance software, and the measure of upward light pollution will be the total luminous flux that trespasses the site above the height of the luminaires.
If all other requirements of the Sustainable Sites Credit 8 are met, and it can be demonstrated that our proposed design performs as well as a comparable design consisting of Full Cutoff luminaires with respect to upward light pollution, can this credit be attained?
SS
2/2/2004 - Credit Interpretation Request
• 2/23/2004 - RulingYes; if all other requirements of the Sustainable Sites Credit 8 are met, and it is demonstrated that the proposed design produces no more upward light pollution than the same design (same luminaire locations and lamping) using Full Cutoff luminaires, then the credit can be attained.
SS
Credit Interpretation Request
• The project is a four-story, 60,000 SF, speculative office building that is being submitted under LEED-CS.
• As we understand the intent, Credit SS8 - Light Pollution Reduction, aims to reduce light pollution through the control of interior lighting, exterior light distribution, and exterior lighting power density.
• Our question concerns the calculation requirements for the exterior lighting power density. We have been very diligent about reducing the overall lighting power density across the site. The site lighting has a 47% reduction of light power density as compared with the allowable light power density in ASHRAE 90.1.2004.” All of our exterior site lighting is on a photocell/master time control system that turns off all non-emergency lights at 10pm. Because of the neighboring uses, we have voluntarily eliminated all building façade lighting on the western façade, which accounts for nearly a third of the total building façade. This allows us to focus our façade lighting on the public face of the building, adjacent to walkways, parking, etc.. Based on our total façade area (including the western façade) our lighting power density meets the credit requirement of 0.1 watts/SF. ASHRAE, however, calculates the LPD for each illuminated façade. Using this methodology, our LPD is 0.16 watts/SF, which is a 20% reduction from the ASHRAE standard.
• Does this meet the intent of the credit?
SS
Draft RULING:
• The CIR is inquiring if projects can combine the lighting power densities for all building façade lighting when calculating compliance for this credit. Per the referenced ASHRAE Standard, building façades must be calculated individually and are considered non-tradable (cannot be traded between surfaces or with other exterior lighting areas.) In order to demonstrate compliance with the requirements of this credit, projects must document a minimum 50% LPD reduction from the ASHRAE Standard Allowable LPD for building façade and landscape lighting for each individual illuminated façade.
SS
Question
• A question has come up on a LEED project of mine about the lighting zone designations for SSc8. It has always been my understanding that the lighting zones we are to report are those of the surrounding property (not of the LEED project itself). Is that correct?
• Others I have spoken to have suggested that the lighting zone should be that of the project, not that of the surrounding properties.
• Furthermore, I can't find any reference to this in RP-33-99, so I wonder if you can let me know, too: does the lighting zone have to be the same on all property lines or can it change on each property boundary based on what abuts the project on that boundary?
SS
Response
• If a site borders more than one lighting zone, the Light Pollution requirements for the entire site must meet the most stringent lighting zone
• Light Trespass requirements may vary by the adjoining lighting zone– When two lighting zones meet, a line
perpendicular to the property line shall be drawn and the higher lighting zone may not encroach across this line
SS
NPD Credit 7 (WalkableStreets)
• Design street/sidewalk/pathway lighting to meet local requirements or IESNA recommendations in RP-8-00 Table 2 “Local” for street lighting and IESNA RP-33-99 Table 6 “Residential” for sidewalk lighting and for lighting of any pedestrian pathways in common areas where security might be an issue (use “Intermediate” in non residential areas). Light fixtures should not exceed 12 feet in height. The lighting design shall meet light pollution requirements in GCT Credit 20 and shall incorporate house-side shielding to minimize light trespass into adjacent residential buildings.
SS
LEED-ND review
• They decided not to incorporate your proposal on NPD Credit 7 (Walkable Streets), that would have included providing lighting of pedestrian ways as a way to earn the credit. They agreed that lighting can make areas more pedestrian-friendly, but they were worried that the proposed requirement could cause unnecessary lighting in some instances, since many walkable spaces have spillover lighting from buildings, etc. In these instances, it would be requiring them to use energy unnecessarily. In addition there was a sense that the committee wanted to focus the credit on the streetscaping items already included, and not expand it further.
SS
Common Submittal Problems
• Obvious Light Spill
• Generally Overlit
• Partial Documentation
• Security Lighting Excluded
• Up-lighting
SS
Site Lighting Case StudiesSS
Site Lighting
SS
Site LightingKnow light level recommendations
IES RecommendationsArea Description Light Level (fc)Roadway (collector, commercial) 1.2Sidewalks horizontal (roadside, commercial areas) 1Sidewalks vertical (roadside, commercial areas) 2.2Walkways horizontal (distant from roadways) .5Walkways vertical (distant from roadways) .5Building entrances 3-5 Outdoor dining 3Outdoor pool terrace 3
Contrast ratio (average to minimum) 4:1
Security lighting recommendationsLarge open areas .5 to 2Buildings (vertical illuminance on façade) .5 to 2Perimeter fence .5Entrances 10Gatehouses 30
SS
Site LightingKnow existing site conditions
Site Existing light levels5th and Harrison 10.5 5th and Republican under trees canopy 1.7 5th and Republican between trees 6.2 5th and Republican crosswalk 6.7 5th N of Republican between streetlights .4 8th and Mercer 8.2 Within parking lot (between poles) 1.3
Southeast perimeter corner .6
SS
Site LightingCompare other sites Set expectations with client
University VillageProperty feels safe and very well lit. Light is even with good contrast ratios.Parking Lot 1.8Pedestrian Path 2.5Sidewalk (between fixtures) 1.6Sidewalk (at fixture) 2.9Store Entry 4.5Center of mall plaza 2.2Mall corridor 2.3
UW CampusCampus is dark with high contrast ratios. dark.Parking Lot 1.1Street (at fixture) 3Street (between fixtures) .4Pedestrian Path (at fixture) 4Pedestrian Path (between fixtures) .2Stairs at Quad .2Building Entry .4Open field
SS
Site LightingCompare other sites Set expectations with client
Light Level Goals
These light level goals have been agreed to by the security consultant and have been included in their light level requirements.
SS
SS
SS
Water Efficiency
Minimize Potable Water Use
Reduce Wastewater Volumes
Safeguarding the quality & quantity of
natural waterflows is a sustainable
development pattern
WE
Energy & Atmosphere
Use Energy Efficiently
Source Energy Sustainably
Protect the Atmosphere
Energy is a finite resource,
conserving energy is part of a sustainable
pattern of development
EA
Energy & Atmosphere
EAc5EAc3EAc5.1EAc5.2
EAc5EAc5M & V
IPc1.5
EAc1 or
EAc4 EAc8
Homes
EAp2EAc1.1EAc1.2
EAp1EAc2
CI
EAp2EAc1
EAp1EAc3
CS
GCTc11Solar Orientation
GCTc2GCTc15
EAp2EAc1
EAp2EAc1
EAp2EAc1
Energy Savings
EAp1EAp1EAc3
EAp1EAc3Cx
NDEBSchool
& Retail
NC 2.2Energy Issue
EA
• 2030 Challenge– Ed Mazria and Architecture 2030
– During next 50 years, 75% of existing buildings will be replaced
– 2030 Challenge – zero energy use in new buildings by 2030
EA
• Credible scientists give us 10 years to be well on our way toward global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions in order to avoid catastrophic climate change.
• Yet there are hundreds of coal-fired power plants currently on the drawing boards in the US. Seventy-six percent (76%) of the energy produced by these plants will go to operate buildings.
EA
• Previous information divided building energy use into separate sectors
EA
• 26% of energy usage in commercial buildings is used to energize Lighting
EA
• 26% of energy usage in commercial buildings is used to energize Lighting
EA
Buildings are the major source of demand for energy and materials that produce by-product greenhouse gases (GHG).
Slowing the growth rate of GHG emissions and then reversing it over the next ten years is the key to keeping global warming under one degree centigrade (°C) above today's level.
It will require immediate action and a concerted global effort.
EA
• The fossil fuel reduction standard for all new buildings shall be increased to: – 60% in 2010
70% in 201580% in 202090% in 2025 Carbon-neutral in 2030 (using no fossil fuel GHG emitting energy to operate).
• These targets may be accomplished by implementing innovative sustainable design strategies, generating on-site renewable power and/or purchasing (20% maximum) renewable energy and/or certified renewable energy credits.
• www.architecture2030.org/
EA
Energy & Atmosphere
Use Energy Efficiently
Source Energy Sustainably
Protect the Atmosphere
Energy is a finite resource,
conserving energy is part of a sustainable
pattern of development
EA
EA Prerequisite 1• Verify that the project’s energy-related
systems are installed, calibrated and perform as intended– NC/CI/CS/S/R – Lighting and daylighting
controls
– EB – operating as intended
EA
EA Prerequisite 2For NC2.2, CI, CS, S, R - requires energy use of the building that complies with ASHRAE 90.1-2004 :
The mandatory provisions of ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2004
And
Prescriptive or Performance requirements
EB2.0 requires Energy Star rating of 60
EA
EA Prerequisite 2
Lighting system mandatory provisions of ASHREA/IESNA 90.1-2004 include, section 9.4:
9.4.1.1 Automatic Lighting shut-offBuildings larger than 5,000 sq. ft. must have automatic shut-off of lighting in all spaces via:
Building time clockOccupancy Sensors
EA
EA Prerequisite 2
Lighting system mandatory provisions of ASHREA/IESNA 90.1-2004 include, section 9.4:
9.4.1.2 Space ControlEach space shall have one control device
Local control and easily accessibleNo more than 4 hours of override timeControl up to 2500 sq.ft. in spaces up to 10,000 sq.ft.Occupancy sensors - classrooms, conference rooms and break rooms
EA
EA Prerequisite 2
Lighting system mandatory provisions of ASHREA/IESNA 90.1-2004 include, section 9.4:
9.4.1.3 Exterior Lighting ControlPhotocell control for dusk to dawn operationAutomatic timeclock for non dusk to dawn operation
9.4.2 Tandem WiringUse tandem-wired ballasts on fixture with 1 or 3 lamps over 30 watts with two or more fixtures in the same space
EA
EA Prerequisite 2
Lighting system mandatory provisions of ASHREA/IESNA 90.1-2004 include, section 9.4:
9.4.3 Exit SignsInternally illuminated exit signs shall use less than 5 watts ofpower per face.
9.4.5 Exterior Building Grounds LightingLamps higher than 100 watts shall have a minimum efficiency of 60lm/W unless controlled by a motion sensor
EA
EA Prerequisite 2
Lighting system mandatory provisions of ASHREA/IESNA 90.1-2004 include, section 9.4:
9.4.5 Exterior Building Lighting PowerMust meet lighting power densities for building exteriorsAllowance is sum of all applications plus 5%Trade-offs only between Tradable Surfaces
EA
EA Prerequisite 2
Exterior Building Lighting PowerTradable SurfacesParking Lot and Drives 0.15 W/sq.ft.Walkways less than 10’ wide 1.0 W/linear footPlaza Areas 0.2 W/sq.ft.Main Entries 30 W/linear foot of door widthCanopies 1.25 W/sq.ft.
Non-Tradable SurfacesBuilding Facades 0.2 W/sq. ft of illuminated wallTeller Machines 270 W per location, 90 watt for eachGatehouses 1.25 W/sq.ft.
EA
EA Prerequisite 2
Prescriptive, Section 9.5Must meet interior lighting power allowance either through Building Area Method or Space by Space Method
Performance, Section 11, Energy Cost Budget MethodMeet all mandatory requirementsCompliance when the Design Energy Cost does not exceed the
Energy Cost BudgetComponents that meet energy efficiency listed in Design Energy
Cost
EA
EB2.0 requires Energy Star rating of 60
Rate Your Energy Performance
On a scale of 1–100 Relative to similar buildings nationwide
EPA’s energy performance rating system, based on source energy, accounts for the impact of weather variations as well as key physical and operating characteristics of each building.
Buildings rating 75 or greater may qualify for the ENERGY STAR prerequisite.
http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=evaluate_performance.bus_portfoliomanager
EA
EA
Mandatory 2 EA Points
June 26, 2007 – In a move that aligns with its deep commitment to solutions for climate change, the USGBC membership has overwhelmingly passed a vote for all LEED certified projects to achieve at least two “Optimize Energy Performance” points within LEED, which will improve the energy performance of all LEED certified green buildings by 14% for new construction and 7% for existing buildings.
EA
Lighting Energy Performance
• Lighting Power Density– ASHRAE 90.1
• Controls– Daylighting– Occupant Sensors
• Internal Gains– Cooling offset– Heating contribution
• Exterior LightingEA
Daylighting Impacts: Offices
Energy Savings
• 35% Lighting • 7.6% LEED Total • 5.2% Bldg Total
Energy Tradeoff• 2.09 kBtu
Heating Increase• 0.29 kBtu
Cooling Decrease
EA
Daylighting Impacts: Schools
Energy Savings
• 18.4% Lighting • 4.4% LEED Total • 3.3% Bldg Total
Energy Tradeoff• 0.42 kBtu
Heating Increase• 0.16 kBtu
Cooling Decrease
EA
EA Credit 1Two mandatory points for energy savings
Option 1 - Whole building Energy Simulation (1-10 points)
Requires that the energy analysis done for the Building Performance Rating Method include ALL of energy costs
EA
EA Credit 1To achieve points using this credit, the proposed design:
Must comply with mandatory provisions of ASHRAE 90.1 2004, section 9.4
Must include all energy costs within and associated with the building project
and
Must be compared against a baseline building that complies with Appendix G to Standard 90.1 2004
EA
EA Credit 1
Option 2 – Prescriptive Compliance Path (4 points)AHSRAE Advanced Energy Design Guide for Small Office Buildings 2004 or Small Retail Buildings 2004
Option 3 – Prescriptive Compliance Path (2-5 points)Advanced Buildings Core Performance Guide
Option 4 - Prescriptive Compliance Path (1 point)Advanced buildings Benchmark Version 1.1
EA
• Whole Building Energy Simulation
NC2.1 NC2.2/S/CS/R Points15% 10.5% 120% 14.0% 225% 17.5% 330% 21.0% 435% 24.5% 540% 28.0% 645% 31.5% 750% 35.0% 855% 38.5% 960% 42.0% 10
New Bldgs.
EA
NC2.1 NC2.2/S/CS/R Points5% 3.5% 1
10% 7.0% 215% 10.5% 320% 14.0% 425% 17.5% 530% 21.0% 635% 24.5% 740% 28.0% 845% 31.5% 950% 25.0% 10
Existing Bldgs.
• Whole Building Energy Simulation
EA
ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1 LPD’s
Building Type2004
PublishedAutomotive Repair 0.9Convention Center 1.2Courthouse 1.2Dining-Bar Lounge/Leisure 1.3Dining-Café/Fast Food 1.4Dining-Family 1.6Dormitory 1.0Exercise Center 1.0Fire Station 1.0Gymnasium 1.1Healthcare-Clinic 1.0Healthcare-Hospital 1.2Hotel 1.0Library 1.3Manufacturing 1.3Motel 1.0
EA
EA ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1
EA Credit 1
EA
EA Credit 1Option 1 - Whole building Energy Simulation
Total watts used for lighting is included in simulation
Still need to calculate total lighting wattage
Process energy includes lighting power exempt from light power allowance
Regulated energy includes interior and exterior lighting
EA
Lighting Energy Use Exercise
Optimize Energy (EAc1)
• OPTION 2 — PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE PATH (4 Points)
• Comply with the prescriptive measures of the ASHRAE Advanced Energy Design Guide for Small Office Buildings 2004.
EA
Advanced Energy Design Guide for Small Office Buildings…
• First in a series to provide recommendations for achieving 30% energy savings over ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-1999.
• Focuses on small office buildings < 20,000 ft2
• Allows small office buildings to easily achieve high energy savings without detailed calculations or analyses.
• For more information on the entire Advanced Energy Design Guide series, please visit the AEDG web page at www.ashrae.org/aedg.
EA
AEDG - Spaces
Space TypeFloor space allocation LPD LPD*area
Corridor/Transition 10% 0.55 0.055Other Areas 10% 0.75 0.075Lobby 10% 1.09 0.109Office - enclosed 25% 0.94 0.235Office - open plan 20% 1.03 0.206Conference Meeting/Multipurpose 10% 1.02 0.102Active storage 15% 0.78 0.117
100.0% 0.899
• The target lighting in open offices is 30 average maintained footcandles for ambient lighting with a total of at least 50 footcandles provided on the desktop.
EA
Optimize Energy (EAc1)
• OPTION 2 — PRESCRIPTIVE PATH (4 Points)
• Comply with the prescriptive measures of the ASHRAE Advanced Energy Design Guide for Small Retail Buildings 2004.
EA
Advanced Energy Design Guide for Small Retail Buildings…
• Second in a series to provide recommendations for achieving 30% energy savings over ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-1999.
• Focuses on small retail buildings, < 20,000 ft2
• Allows small retail buildings to easily achieve high energy savings without detailed calculations or analyses.
• For more information on the entire Advanced Energy Design Guide series, please visit the AEDG web page at www.ashrae.org/aedg.
EA
Lighting RecommendationCourtesy ASHRAE
LPD = 1.3 W/sfLPD = 1.3 W/LPD = 1.3 W/sfsf
RP-2 Table 2: Lighting Design Guide for Merchandising ans Associated areas
Circulation General PerimeterFeature Display
Grocery and Supermarket / Warehouse Store / Discount / Drug and Convenience / Mass Merchant - Low 20 - 25 50 - 75 50 - 75 200 - 375 Grocery and Supermarket / Warehouse Store / Discount / Drug and Convenience / Mass Merchant - High 30 60 - 100 85 - 100
500 - 850 (300)
Department / Speciality Retailer / Home and Bath Bedding - Low 20 40 50 200Department / Speciality Retailer / Home and Bath Bedding - High 25 50 75 350Upscale Department / Upscale Specialty - Low 15 30 40 150Upscale Department / Upscale Specialty - High 20 40 80
400 (200)
Designer Shop or Boutique / Furniture / Fine and Precious Jewlery / Upscale Crystal, China or Silver - Low 8 20 20 100Designer Shop or Boutique / Furniture / Fine and Precious Jewlery / Upscale Crystal, China or Silver - High 12 30 - 60 60
300 - 600 (300)
IESNA RP-2 Table 2EA
ASHRAE 90.1-2007
• 9.6.3 (c) For lighting equipment installed in retail spaces that is and specifically designed and directed to highlight merchandise, calculate the additional lighting power as follows: – 1.0 W/ft2 (the floor area for all products not listed below)– 1.7 W/ft2 (the floor area used for the sale of vehicles,
sporting goods and small electronics)– 2.6 W/ft2 (the floor area used for the sale of furniture,
clothing, cosmetics and artwork)– 4.2 W/ft2 (the floor area used for the sale of jewelry,
crystal, and china)
EA
• The following additional lighting power densities (LPDs), from the Recommendation Tables in Chapter 3, are available for adjustable lighting equipment that is specifically designed and directed to highlight merchandise (accent lighting) above and beyond the base 1.3 W/ft2 allowance. – 0.4 W/ft2 (spaces not listed below)– 0.6 W/ft2 (sporting goods, small electronics)– 0.9 W/ft2 (furniture, clothing, cosmetics, and artwork)– 1.5 W/ft2 (jewelry, crystal, china)
Courtesy ASHRAE
Additional Accent Lighting
Optimize Energy (EAc1)
• OPTION 3 — PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE PATH: Advanced Buildings™ Core Performance™ Guide (2-5 Points)
• Comply with the prescriptive measures identified in the Advanced Buildings™Core Performance™ Guide developed by the New Buildings Institute
EA
Option 3 – Core Performance
• Comply with Sections One and Two of the Core Performance Guide – 3 points for office, school, public assembly,
and retail projects under 100,000 square feet– 2) points are available for all other project
types under 100,000 square feet (except health care, warehouse, or laboratory projects)
EA
Option 3 – Core Performance
• Core Performance Requirements (Section Two)– Energy Code Compliance– Lighting Controls
• Install control systems throughout the building –occupancy sensors, time clocks
• Separate switching in the daylight zones
EA
Option 3 – Core Performance
• Up to two (2) additional points are available to projects that implement performance strategies listed in Section Three, Enhanced Performance. For every three strategies implemented from this section, one point is available.
EA
Option 3 – Core Performance
• Enhanced Performance Strategies (3)– Incorporate daylighting controls systems– Reduce lighting to achieve 40% reduction
from ASHRAE 90.1-2001
EA
Energy Savings from 2001
ASHRAE Building Area Type 2001 2004 % reductionAutomotive Facility 1.5 0.9 40%Dining: Cafeteria/Fast Food 1.8 1.4 22%Dormitory 1.5 1.0 33%Exercise Center 1.4 1.0 29%Gymnasium 1.7 1.1 35%Hospital 1.6 1.2 25%Hotel 1.7 1.0 41%Manufacturing Facility 2.2 1.3 41%Motel 2.0 1.0 50%Motion Picture Theater 1.6 1.2 25%Multi-Family 1.0 0.7 30%Museum 1.6 1.1 31%Office 1.3 1.0 23%Police/Fire Station 1.3 1.0 23%Post Office 1.6 1.1 31%Religious Building 2.2 1.3 41%Retail 1.9 1.5 21%School/University 1.5 1.2 20%Sports Arena 1.5 1.1 27%Town Hall 1.4 1.1 21%
EA
Optimize Energy (EAc1)
• OPTION 4 — PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE PATH (1 Point)
• Comply with the Basic Criteria and Prescriptive Measures of the Advanced Buildings Benchmark™ Version 1.1
EA
Optimize Energy Performance (EB-EAc1)
Energy Star Rating Points
63 167 271 375 479 583 687 791 895 999 10
Existing Bldgs. Rate Your Energy PerformanceFor many facilities, you can rate their energy performance on a scale of 1–100 relative to similar buildings nationwide. EPA’s energy performance rating system, based on source energy, accounts for the impact of weather variations as well as key physical and operating characteristics of each building. Buildings rating 75 or greater may qualify for the ENERGY STAR.
EA
(CI-EAc1.1)
• Option A – Reduce lighting power density to 15% below
90.1-2004 (1 point)• Option B
– Reduce lighting power density to 25% below 90.1-2004 (2 points)
• Option C – Reduce lighting power density to 35% below
90.1-2004 (3 points)
EA
Model Building Type Space Type description27 NA (typical all bldgs) Office - open plan
Task Area %
Task Area FC
General Area %
General Area FC Total FC
50 50 50 20 35
15% 25% 35%0.90 0.80 0.69
% FCLight
SourceLight
Distribution Type
80 FLLinear
Dir/Indir 535
% FCLight
SourceLight
Distribution Type18 FL Task 539
% FCLight
SourceLight
Distribution Type
2 CF
indiredt Wall
Scounce 524
SYSTEM #3
1.06Existing LPD (2004)
SYSTEM #1
SYSTEM #2
EA
ASHRAE 90.1 possible savings
2004 Published
Building Type calculatedsavings
over 2004 calculatedsavings
over 2004 calculatedsavings
over 2004Automotive Repair 0.76 16% 0.79 12% 0.83 8% 0.9Convention Center 1.15 4% 1.16 3% 1.18 1% 1.2Courthouse 1.05 13% 1.08 10% 1.11 7% 1.2Dining-Bar Lounge/Leisure 1.17 10% 1.19 9% 1.21 7% 1.3Dining-Café/Fast Food 1.31 6% 1.34 4% 1.37 2% 1.4Dining-Family 1.51 6% 1.53 5% 1.55 3% 1.6Dormitory 0.95 5% 0.96 4% 0.98 2% 1.0Exercise Center 0.88 12% 0.92 8% 0.96 4% 1.0Fire Station 0.72 28% 0.74 26% 0.78 22% 1.0Gymnasium 1.02 7% 1.07 3% 1.12 -2% 1.1Healthcare-Clinic 0.86 14% 0.89 11% 0.92 8% 1.0Healthcare-Hospital 1.04 14% 1.08 10% 1.13 6% 1.2Hotel 0.98 2% 0.99 1% 1.00 0% 1.0Library 1.08 17% 1.13 13% 1.18 9% 1.3Manufacturing 1.20 8% 1.24 5% 1.27 2% 1.3Motel 0.99 1% 1.00 0% 1.01 -1% 1.0Multi-Family 0.56 20% 0.58 17% 0.61 13% 0.7Museum 1.02 7% 1.04 6% 1.06 4% 1.1Office 0.87 13% 0.91 9% 0.95 5% 1.0Parking Garage 0.25 17% 0.26 13% 0.27 8% 0.3Penitentiary 0.86 14% 0.90 10% 0.94 6% 1.0Police Station 0.86 14% 0.89 11% 0.93 7% 1.0Post Office 0.93 15% 0.97 12% 1.02 8% 1.1Religious 1.15 12% 1.18 9% 1.21 7% 1.3Retail (general) 1.22 19% 1.32 12% 1.37 9% 1.5School/University 0.97 19% 1.01 16% 1.06 12% 1.2Sports Arena 1.02 7% 1.04 6% 1.05 4% 1.1
HP Ballast - 3100 lumen T8
HP Ballast - 80 Series T8
HP Ballast - 70 Series T8
EA
Optimize Energy Performance –Lighting Controls (CI-EAc1.2)
• Install daylight responsive controls in all regularly occupied spaces within 15 feet of windows and under skylights– 1 point
EA
Lighting (Homes EAc8)
• Prerequisites (Mandatory Measures)– 8.1 Install at least three ENERGY STAR
labeled light fixtures or ENERGY STAR labeled Compact Fluorescent Light Bulbs (CFLs) in high-use rooms (kitchen, dinning room, living room, family room, hallways)
EA
Lighting (Homes EAc8)
• Optional Measures– 8.2 Select and install any of the following
measures (0.5 Point each, 1.5 Max. Points):• Motion sensor control on all outdoor fixtures• Four wireless photovoltaic light fixtures, if exterior
fixtures are installed• Three additional ENERGY STAR labeled light
fixtures, or three ENERGY STAR labeled Compact Fluorescent Light Bulbs (CFLs), in addition to those installed per EA Prerequisite 8.1
EA
Lighting (Homes EAc8)
• Optional Measures– 8.3 Install ENERGY STAR Advanced Lighting
Package (ALP) (3 Points)
EA
Energy Star Advanced Lighting Package
http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=bldrs_lenders_raters.ALP_Builder
EA
Energy Case StudiesEA
Lighting energy useSet goals for light levels based on tasks to be performed
Interior Lighting will be designed to meet the following light level goals (shown in footcandles)Lobbies 20Corridor/stairs 10Meeting Rooms 30-50Atrium (normal) 10Atrium (meeting) 30Office (ambient) 30Office (task) 50
EA
Lighting energy useSet goals for light levels based opportunities
Givens:Façade systemHybrid HVAC systemHigh ceilingsShallow depth to Core wallsLarge area of glazed surface
EA
Alley 24233 Yale
Daylight Zone
Ceiling mounted photocell
Linear pendant fixtures dimmed automatically
Lighting plan of Level 3 north
EA
EA
Alley 24233 Yale
EA
Energy Efficient Lighting
Interior Components
Light ColorsHigh CeilingsLow or no PartitionsFlat white reflecting surfaces
EA
Energy Efficient Lighting Efficient Sources
EA
Energy Efficient Lighting Efficient Light fixtures
EA
Energy Efficient Lighting Efficient Light fixtures
EA
Energy Efficient Lighting Efficient Light fixtures
EA
Daylight Use
Reduce energy usage by using daylight to provide lighting duringdaylight hours
Use automatic dimming or switching control of electric lighting
Requires integration of architecture, interiors and building systems
Must know daylight zones
EA
Daylight use componentsHigh ceilingsLight colored surfacesLarge, open spacesVertical glazing large and high up on glazed wallTop lighting when possibleMitigate glare to make sure daylight is usedProvide task or highlight with electric lightDon’t forget lighting controls
EA
Sunlight diagramaltitude and azimuth solstices and equinoxvarious times of day
EA
Lightscape rendering of daylight for entire building – June 21, 10 AM
EA
Sun angle diagramat Concourse and INS corridor
physical model of concourse in cloudy sky simulatorEA
South Ticketing Hall
June 21, 1pmJune 21, 5pm
EA
Wall mount uplightsprovide ambient light levels
Uplight fixtures automatically turned-off via photocell control as daylight provides ambient light levels
EA
Final estimated energy savings – Approximately 480kwh per year
Contributing elements of designLarge Skylights at good spacing ratioClerestories at top of high wallsLight colored architectural surfacesLarge open spaces provide for light dispersionAmbient electric light corresponds to skylight and clerestory locationsTasklighting at low level and just where neededPhotocell automatic shut-off of electric lightHi-performance glazingFritted glass where needed to reduce glare and heat gain
EA
Materials & Resources
Reuse Resources
Reduce Waste Volumes
Local & Regional Materials
Source Sustainably
Recycled Content
Using resources at a rate
consistent with how quickly they
renew is a sustainable
development pattern
MR
Materials & Resources
MRc5(windows
only)
MRc5(windows
only)
MRc5(windows
only)Regional
Homes
ID
CI
MRc4(windows
only)
MRc3(windows
only)
CS
MRp2MRc6IDID
Hg content
MRc4(windows
only)
MRc4(windows
only)
Recycled Content
MRc3(windows
only)
MRc3(windows
only)
Resource Reuse
NDEBSchool
& Retail
NC 2.2Material Issue
MR
Recycled Content MRc4.1 & 4.2
• Increase demand for building products that incorporate recycled content materials– 10%/20% (post-consumer
+ ½ pre-consumer)– Based on recycled content
($) value– CSI Div 2-10 only– Partial recycled content:
use fractional mass of recycled portion times $ value of product
– Steel products: default is 25% post-consumer
Windows only – luminaires &
controls don’t count toward
this credit!!
MR
Regional Materials MRc5.1 & 5.2
• 10%/20% Extracted, Processed & Manufactured Regionally
• CSI Div 2-10 only
Windows only – luminaires &
controls don’t count toward
this credit!!
MR
Materials & Resources
• Toxic Material Source Reduction: Reduced Mercury in Light Bulbs (EB MR Pre 2)– Establish and maintain a toxic material source
reduction program to reduce the amount of mercury brought into buildings through purchases of light bulbs
MR
EB MR Prerequisite 2
• Maintain mercury content of all mercury-containing light bulbs below 100 picograms per lumen hour, on weighted average, for all mercury-containing light bulbs acquired for the existing building and associated grounds
MR
EB MR Prerequisite 2
• Submittals – Initial LEED-EB Certification • Provide a copy of the organizational policy
specifying that all future purchases of mercury-containing light bulbs will be made in such a way that the average mercury content of the light bulbs is less than the specified level in picograms/lumen hour
MR
EB MR Prerequisite 2
• Provide records of all acquisitions during the performance period of mercury-containing light bulbs for use in the building and grounds
MR
EB MR Prerequisite 2
• Include manufacturer Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) for each type of light bulb purchased showing mercury content of the light bulbs in milligrams
MR
Occupant Recycling (EB MR Credit 5.1–5.3)
• Facilitate the reduction of waste and toxins generated by building occupants and building operations that are hauled to and disposed of in landfills or incineration– Collect and recycle at least 95% of the fluorescent
light bulbs used– AND – Divert/Recycle 30% of total waste stream (by weight
or volume) (1 point) – Divert/Recycle 40% of total waste stream (by weight
or volume) (2 points) – Divert/Recycle 50% of total waste stream (by weight
or volume) (3 points)
MR
Additional Toxic Material Reduction: Reduced Mercury in Light Bulbs (EB MRc6) (1 Point)
• Maintain mercury content of all mercury-containing light bulbs below 80 picogramsper lumen hour of light output (picogram/lumen hour), on weighted average, for all mercury-containing light bulbs acquired for the existing building and associated grounds
MR
Indoor Environmental Quality
Enhance Human Ecology
Creating healthy spaces, preventing pollution & waste
both indoors and outdoors is a sustainable pattern of
development
EQ
Reduce Contaminants
Provide Control
Environmental Quality
EQc2.2EQc6.1EQc6.1EQc6.1Light Control
Homes
EQc8.3
EQc8.1EQc8.2
CI
EQc8.2
EQc8.1
CS
MRc4.1MRc4.2
IDIDReduced Hg
EQc2.4EQc2.5EQc8.2EQc8.2Views
EQc2.4EQc2.5EQc8.1EQc8.1Daylight
NDEBSchool
& Retail
NC 2.2Env. Qual. Issue
EQ
Controllability of Systems: Lighting (EQc6.1) (1 Point)
• Provide individual lighting controls for at least 90% of building occupants to suit individual task needs & preferences
AND• Provide lighting system
controllability for all shared multi-occupant spaces to enable lighting adjustment that meets group needs & preferences
NC-2.2, CI-2.0, R-Pilot
EQ
Controllability of Systems: Lighting (EQc6.1)
• Provide lighting controls, for at least 50% of occupants, enabling adjustments to suit individual task needs, or those of a group sharing a multi-occupant space or work area
• Provide documentation• Provide drawings
EB 2.0
EQ
Controllability of Systems: Lighting (EQc6.1)
FOR ADMIN. OFFICES AND OTHER REGULARLY OCCUPIED SPACES:
– Provide individual lighting controls for at least 90% of building occupants in workspaces to enable adjustments to suit individual task needs and preferences
AND
School Pilot
EQ
Controllability of Systems: Lighting (EQc6.1)
• Classroom lighting must operate in two modes: general illumination and A/V– General illumination mode: Achieve 35 - 50 fc
average at desk level with minimum of 25 fcat any point > 3 ft from wall
– A/V mode: Not including contribution from teaching wall light, achieve 10 - 20 fc average at desk level for any point > 3 ft from side walls, 10 ft from front wall & 6 ft from back wall. Limit vertical illumination on projection screen to no more than 7 fc
School Pilot
EQ
ControlsEach distinct room or area must have local control
Automatic time of day sweep shut-off with local override switches.
Tasklights at each work station
EQ
Control componentsOccupancy sensorsTimed switchesBuilding sweepsLocal override switches with timersLocal control for each --- of spacePhoto cell control at daylight zonesDimming or dual- switching at daylight zoneslocally control tasklights at workstations.
EQ
Alley 24233 Yale
Daylight Zone
Ceiling mounted photocell
Linear pendant fixtures dimmed automatically
Lighting plan of Level 3 north
EQ
2.05 CENTRAL LIGHTING CONTROL PROCESSOR
Central lighting control processor shall provide power failure memory.
Central lighting control processor shall provide preset lighting scenes for up to 512 zones.
Central lighting control processor shall be expandable to 16,384 zones when using multiple processors.
Central lighting control processor shall allow design of system off site and downloading upon installation or modifications after installation.
Central lighting control processor shall be capable of interfacing to other equipment via integral RS232 interface and/or modem and/or RS232 wallstations.
Central lighting control processor shall be capable of operating up to 192 wallstations, preset local lighting controls, and control interfaces-expandable to 6,144 when using multiple processors.
Central lighting control processor shall have the capability to connect up to 32 processors together using TCP/IP over 10/100 BaseT Ethernet or RS485 over twisted shielded pair.
Central lighting control processor shall have integral astronomical timeclock.
Central lighting control processor shall have an integral partitionable space wizard.
EQ
Lighting Controls Tools
EQ
Daylight & Views: Daylight 75% of Spaces (EQc8.1)
• Provide daylight to 75% of all critical visual task spaces
• Excluded spaces include copy rooms, storage areas, mechanical plant rooms, laundry rooms, break rooms, kitchens, stairways, rest rooms & other low occupancy support areas
NC-2.2
EQ
Option 1: Glazing Factor Calc.
• OPTION 1: GLAZING FACTOR CALC.
– Achieve min. glazing factor of 2% in at least 75% of all regularly occupied areas
– Glazing factor calculation:
– Glass below 30” doesn’t count!!!
NC-2.2, CI-2.0, R (75%=1, 90%=2) - CS-2.0, School-Pilot classrooms (75%=1, 90%=2)
EQ
1.0
0.4
0.2
VERTICAL MONITOR
1.01.01.40.8Height Factor
0.40.40.70.4Min Tvis
0.50.330.10.1Geometry Factor
SKYLIGHTSAWTOOTHSIDELIGHT DAYLIGHT
SIDELIGHT VISION
Glazing Factor CalculationEQ
2’-6” to 7’-6” Above 7’-6”
Ares (sf) Tvis GF
Ares (sf) Tvis GF
Ares (sf) Tvis GF
Ares (sf) Tvis GF
Ares (sf) Tvis GF
101 Office 820 120 0.9 2.6% 40 0.7 0.7% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 3.3%102 Office 330 30 0.9 1.6% 5 0.7 0.2% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 1.8%
103Open Office (Daylit Area) 2250 330 0.9 2.6% 110 0.7 0.7% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 3.3%
103Open Office (Non‐
Daylit Area) 685 0 0.9 0.0% 0 0.7 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0.0%104 Office 250 25 0.9 1.8% 5 0.7 0.3% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 2.1%105 Office 250 25 0.9 1.8% 5 0.7 0.3% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 2.1%
4585
3570
78%
Glazing Factor
Regulary Occupied Space (ID)
Regularly Occupied Space
(Name)
Regularly Occupied
Space (Area sf)
Toplighting Vertical Monitor
Toplighting Horizontal Skylight
0.10.40.8
0.330.41.0
Sidelighting ‐ Vision Glazing
Sidelighting ‐ Daylight Glazing
Toplighting Sawtooth Monitor
Total Regularly Occupied Space Area (SF)
Total Regularly Occupied Space Area with a Minimum 2%
Glazing FactorPercentage of Regularly
Occupied Space with a 2% Glazing Factor
Geometry FactorMin Tvis
Height Factor
0.20.41.0
0.50.41.0
0.10.71.4
Glazing Factor CalculationEQ
Glazing Factor CalculationEQ
Ares (sf) Tvis GF
Ares (sf) Tvis GF
101 Office 820 120 0.9 2.6% 40 0.7 0.7%102 Office 330 30 0.9 1.6% 5 0.7 0.2%
103Open Office (Daylit Area) 2250 330 0.9 2.6% 110 0.7 0.7%
103Open Office (Non‐
Daylit Area) 685 0 0.9 0.0% 0 0.7 0.0%104 Office 250 25 0.9 1.8% 5 0.7 0.3%105 Office 250 25 0.9 1.8% 5 0.7 0.3%
Regulary Occupied Space (ID)
Regularly Occupied Space
(Name)
Regularly Occupied
Space (Area sf)
0.10.40.8
Sidelighting ‐ Vision Glazing
Sidelighting ‐ Daylight Glazing
Geometry FactorMin Tvis
Height Factor
0.10.71.4
3.3%1.8%
3.3%
0.0%2.1%2.1%
Glazing Factor
Area(SF)
Area(SF)
• Spaces that don’t work for LEED calculator– Ducted skylights– Interior “borrowed” daylight
All windows are 8’wide x 10.5’ tall
Window glass Tvis = 40%
Entry doors/windows are 25’ wide by 10.5’ tall
Entry glass Tvis = 40%
Atrium glass is 4’ wide by 30’ long
Skylight transmission is 30%
8’
2.5’
5’
3’
40 sf
24 sf
Blue Area
• Total area = 25’ x 90’ = 2250 sf• View window = 40sf x 5 = 200 sf• Daylight window = 24sf x 5 = 120sf
• GFview = 200/2250x0.1x.4/.4x.8 = .0071• GFday = 120/2250x0.1x.4/.7x1.4 = .0043• Total = .0114 or 1.1%
• Daylit area = 0.0114/0.02 x 2250 = 1282 sf
Red Area
• Total area = 90’ x 70’ minus conference room & restrooms = 6300 sf –(30x25) – (10x25) = 5300sf
• View window = 40sf x 10 = 400 sf• Daylight window = 24sf x 10 = 240sf
• GFview = 400/5300x0.1x.4/.4x.8 = .006• GFday = 240/5300x0.1x.4/.7x1.4 = .0036• GFatrium = 120/5300x.5x.3/.4x1.0 = .0085• Total = 0.0181 = 1.8%
• So not all of this space is daylit. We could calculate the fractional daylit area OR we could increase the daylit area by simulating the glazing in the entry doors. This might give us enough extra GF to simulate part or all of the conference room as daylit
EQC8 Option 2: SimulationEQ
EQC8 Option 2: Simulation
• OPTION 2 — SIMULATION
– Computer simulation demonstrates minimum daylight illumination level of 25 fc in at least 75% of all regularly occupied areas
• clear sky conditions, at noon, on equinox, 30” above floor
NC-2.2, CI-2.0 , R (75%=1, 90%=2) - CS-2.0, School-Pilot classrooms (75%=1, 90%=2)
EQ
EQC8 Option 3: Measurement
• OPTION 3 — MEASUREMENT– Measure indoor light to demonstrate minimum
of 25 fc daylight in at least 75% of all regularly occupied areas
– Horizontal measurements taken on 10’ grid for all occupied spaces (record on floor plans)
NC-2.2, CS-2.0, School-Pilot classrooms (75%=1, 90%=2)
EQ
• OPTION 4 – PRESCRIPTIVE– Use combination of sidelighting & toplighting
to achieve a total Daylighting Zone that is at least 75% of all regularly occupied spaces
CS-2.0
Combined light levels
CS – 2.0 OPTION 4 – PRESCRIPTIVEEQ
CS – 2.0 OPTION 4 – PRESCRIPTIVE
– Ceiling does not obstruct daylight penetration (defined by a line in section that joins the window-head to a line on the floor that is two times the height of the window head above the floor).
CS-2.0
EQ
• Toplighting Daylight Zone:– Zone under skylight equal to outline of the
skylight, plus in each direction the lesser of: 70% of ceiling height, 1/2 distance to the edge of the nearest skylight, or distance to any permanent opaque partition
CS-2.0
CS – 2.0 OPTION 4 – PRESCRIPTIVEEQ
• Also:– Skylight roof coverage = 3%-6% of roof
area with min. 0.5 visible light transmittance (VLT)
– Distance between skylights <1.4 ceiling height
– Skylight diffuser has measured haze value > 90% (Tested according to ASTM D1003).
– Avoid direct line of sight to skylight diffuser
CS-2.0
CS – 2.0 OPTION 4 – PRESCRIPTIVEEQ
EB Daylight & Views: Daylight (EQc8.1 & 8.2)
• Achieve 2% daylight factor in: – EQ Credit 8.1: 50% of all spaces occupied
for critical visual tasks. (1 point) – EQ Credit 8.2: 75% of all spaces occupied
for critical visual tasks. (1 point)
EB-2.0
EQ
Daylight & Views: Views for 90% of Spaces (EQc8.2)
• Achieve direct line of sight to the outdoor environment via vision glazing between 2'6" and 7'6“ above finish floor for occupants in 90% of all regularly occupied areas
NC-2.2, CI-2.0 c8.3, CS-2.0, School-Pilot
EQ
Daylight & Views: Views for 90% of Spaces (EQc8.2)
• Determine the area with direct line of sight by totaling the regularly occupied square footage that meets the following criteria:– In plan view, the area is within sight lines
drawn from perimeter vision glazing– In section view, a direct sight line can be
drawn from the area to perimeter vision glazing
NC-2.2, CI-2.0 c8.3, CS-2.0, School-Pilot
EQ
Daylight & Views: Views for 90% of Spaces (EQc8.2)
– Plan View
NC-2.2, CI-2.0 c8.3, CS-2.0, School-Pilot
accessto views
no access to views
10
11
7
4
1 2 3
5 6
8 9
EQ
Daylight & Views: Views for 90% of Spaces (EQc8.2)
– Section View
NC-2.2, CI-2.0 c8.3, CS-2.0, School-Pilot
EQ
• For private offices, the whole office area can be counted if 75% of the office has views
• For multi-occupant spaces, count only the area that has direct views
accessto views
no access to views
10
11
7
4
1 2 3
5 6
8 9
Daylight and Views: Views (EB IEQc 8.3 & 8.4)
IEQ Credit 2.4: Achieve 2% DF in 50% of regoccupied spaces OR direct line of sight to vision glazing from 45% of regularly occupied spaces. (1 point)
IEQ Credit 2.5: Achieve 2% DF in 75% of regoccupied spaces OR direct line of sight to vision glazing from 90% of regularly occupied spaces. (1 point)
EB-2008
EQ
Innovation in Design
To address sustainable measures and design expertise not covered under existing LEED prerequisites and credits
Chesapeake Bay Foundation HeadquartersAnnapolis, Maryland
Exemplary Performance on an existing credit Oquirrh Park Olympic Speed Skating Oval
Salt Lake City, Utah
New measures not addressed by other credits
ID
Exemplary Performance
• EQc8.1: Daylight 95% of regularly occupied spaces
• EQc8.2: May be eligible – No threshold set in Reference Guide
• Not eligible: SSc8 & EQc6.1
ID
IDc1 Pre-Approved Option A: Occupant Recycling (1 Point)
• Reduce quantity of waste & toxins generated by building occupants and operations that is landfilled or incinerated
• Collect and recycle at least 95% of the batteries & at least 95% of fluorescent lamps
• AND• Divert/Recycle 40% of total waste stream (by
weight or volume)
ID
IDc1 Process Energy Savings: Lighting Control
• Design & install an extensive lighting control system where
• savings = 5% of EAc1 regulated building energy budget
NC
ID
IDc1 Mercury in Lamps
• Specify lamps with a weighted average mercury content < 80 picograms per lumen hour of light output for all mercury-containing lamps acquired for the building and associated grounds
NC
ID
• Full Spectrum Lighting
– “Until scientific evidence is presented that supports the positive effects … on human health and performance, the USGBC will ot award an Innovation credit for the use of FSFL.”
NC
Denied ID Credits
DENIED
ID
ASHRAE AEDG Series
AEDGAdvanced Energy Design Guides
www.ashrae.org/aedg
AEDG for K-12 School Buildings
• is the third in a series designed to provide recommendations for achieving 30% energy savings over the minimum code requirements of ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-1999.
• This Guide focuses on K-12 school buildings, which include elementary, middle, and high school buildings.
• The recommendations in this guide will allow Contractors, Consulting Engineers, Architects and Designers to easily achieve advanced levels of energy savings without having to resort to detailed calculations or analyses.
• For more information on the entire Advanced Energy Design Guide series, please visit the AEDG web page at www.ashrae.org/aedg.
Lighting Recommendations
Item Component Recommendation How-to-Tip
Interior Lighting-
DaylightedOption
Classroom Daylighting (Daylighting Fenestration to Floor Area Ratio)
Toplighted -South Facing Roof Monitors: 8%-11%
North Facing Roof Monitors: 12%-15%
DL-1 – DL-19, DL-28 – DL-35
Sidelighted-South Facing: 8%-11%
North Facing: 15% - 20%
DL-1 – DL-19, DL-20 – DL-27
Combined Toplighted and Sidelighted-South Facing Sidelighted: 6%-8%, Toplighted: 2%-3% North Facing Sidelighted: 9%-13%, Toplighted: 3%-5%
DL-1 – DL-19, DL-20 – DL-35
Gym Toplighting (Daylighting Fenestration to Floor Area Ratio)
South Facing Roof Monitors: 5% - 8%
North Facing Roof Monitors 7% to 10%
C Zones Only: Skylights: 3% -4%
DL-1 – DL-19, DL-36, DL-37
Lighting Power Density (LPD) 1.2 W/ft2maximum EL-1 – EL-9Light Source system efficacy (linear fluorescent and HID) 75 mean lumens/ watt minimum EL-2, EL- 3
Light Source system efficacy (all other sources) 50 mean lumens/watt minimum EL-4, EL- 5
Lighting Controls Manual on, Auto-off all zones EL-6, EL-8, DL-16
Dimming Controls Daylight Harvesting
Dim all fixtures in classrooms and gym, and other fixtures within 15 ft of sidelighting edge, and within 10 ft of toplighting edge
DL-16
Lighting Recommendations
Item Component Recommendation How-to Tip
Interior Lighting-
Non-Daylighted Option
Lighting Power Density (LPD) 0.9 W/ft2 EL-1 – EL-9
Light Source system efficacy (linear fluorescent)
85 mean lumens/watt minimum EL-2, EL-3
Light Source system efficacy (all other sources)
50 mean lumens/watt minimum EL-4, EL-5
Lighting Controls -general
Manual on, Auto-off all zones
EL-6, EL-8, DL-16
Dimming Controls Daylight Harvesting
Dim fixtures within 15 ft of sidelighting edge, and within 10 ft of toplightingedge
DL-16
AEDG for Small Warehouses and Self Storage Buildings…
• is the fourth in a series designed to provide recommendations for achieving 30% energy savings over the minimum code requirements of ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-1999.
• This Guide focuses on warehouses up to 50,000 ft2 and self storage buildings.
• The recommendations in this guide will allow Contractors, Consulting Engineers, Architects and Designers to easily achieve advanced levels of energy savings without having to resort to detailed calculations or analyses.
• For more information on the entire Advanced Energy Design Guide series, please visit the AEDG web page at www.ashrae.org/aedg.
Lighting Recommendations
Skylights Area (percent of gross roof)
6% prismatic diffusing skylights required in warehouse areas
Thermal transmittance U-1.36 U-1.36
Solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) 0.19 NR
Visible light transmittance (VLT) 0.45
Lighting Recommendations
Interior Lighting Lighting power density
(LPD)
Warehouse (bulky & Self Storage) = 0.6 W/ft2Warehouse (fine storage) = 0.85 W/ft2Office area = 0.9 W/ft2
Linear fluorescent lamps T5HO or T8 high-performance with high-performance electronic ballast
Controls for daylight harvesting
Automatic dimming or switching of all luminaires in daylitareas
Occupancy controls Auto-on/off for all luminaires in the warehouse and self storage areas, manual-on/auto-off for all office areas
Ceiling surface reflectances 80%
Exterior Lighting
Canopied areas 0.5 W/ft2
Additional AEDG Guides
• The ASHRAE 30% Advanced Energy Design Guide for Highway Lodging
• The ASHRAE 30% Advanced Energy Design Guide for Existing Buildings
• The ASHRAE 50% Advanced Energy Design Guide for Big Box Retail
• Additional 50% Advanced Energy Design Guides planned for – K-12 School Buildings– Small Office Buildings– Small Retail Buildings– Publication dates to be determined.
ASHRAE 189
• The standard will be written in mandatory language in ASHRAE format
• Standard 189 will be an ANSI-accredited standard that can be incorporated into building codes
• It is intended that the standard will eventually become a prerequisite under LEED
ASHRAE 4-Zone
High activity commercial districts in major metropolitan areas as designated by the local jurisdiction
4
All other areas 3
Areas predominantly consisting of residential zoning, neighborhood business districts, light industrial with limited nighttime use and residential mixed use areas
2
Developed areas of National Parks, State Parks, Forest Land, and Rural areas
1
DescriptionLightingZone
TABLE 9.4.6 Individual Lighting Power Allowances for Building Exteriors
1300 W750 W600 W500 W
Base Site Allowance(base allowance may be used in tradable or non-tradable surfaces)
Zone 4Zone 3Zone 2Zone 1
TABLE 9.4.6 Individual Lighting Power Allowances for Building Exteriors
0.05 W/ft20.05 W/ft20.05 W/ft20.04 W/ft2Landscaping0.3 W/ft20.2 W/ft20.15 W/ft20.15 W/ft2Pedestrian Tunnels1.0 W/ft21.0 W/ft21.0 W/ft20.75 W/ft2Stairways
0.2 W/ft20.16 W/ft20.14 W/ft20.14 W/ft2
Walkways 10 feet wide or greater
Plaza areasSpecial Feature Areas
1.0 W/lf0.8 W/lf0.7 W/lf0.7 W/lfWalkways less than 10 feet wide
Building Grounds
0.13 W/ft20.10 W/ft20.06 W/ft20.04 W/ft2Parking areas and drives
Uncovered Parking Areas
Zone 4Zone 3Zone 2Zone 1
Living Building Challenge
Beyond LEED - Living Building - Restorative Design
No Credits Just Prerequisites
• Imagine a building that is built to operate as elegantly and efficiently as a flower
• Nature as Model• Nature as Mentor• Nature as Measure
• Solar tracking PV array mimics Sunflower
Living Building Challenge
• To be certified a Living Building projects must meet all 16 prerequisites
Prerequisites
Site Design Prerequisites
1. Responsible Site Selection2. Limits to Growth3. Habitat Exchange
Energy Prerequisites
4. Net Zero Energy
Materials Prerequisites
5. Materials Red List (lists toxins not allowed in the project – including NO MERCURY)
6. Construction Carbon Footprint7. Responsible Industry8. Appropriate Materials/Services
Radius9. Leadership in Construction Waste
Water Prerequisites
10.Net Zero Water11.Sustainable Water Discharge
Indoor Environmental Quality Prerequisites
12.A Civilized Work Environment (Every occupiable space must have operable windows that provide access to fresh air and daylight)
13.Healthy Air/Source Control14.Healthy Air – Ventilation
Beauty & Inspiration Prerequisites
15. Beauty and Spirit16. Inspiration and
Education
LEED Version 3.0
LEED Version 3
• Draft version available for review as of May 20, 2008
• Three Key Pieces– LEED 2009 – LEED Rating System
updates/revisions– Revision & evolution of the LEED
certification process– LEED Online v3
LEED Version 3
• LEED 2009– 100 points for all products
• 40 = Certified; 80 = platinum– LEED Bookshelf (prerequisite & credit
alignment across products)– Continuous improvement cycle
• Comprehensive but incremental evolution– Transparent environmental/human
impact credit weighting – Regional bonus points
The New NC Scorecard
LEED 2009 and Lighting
• SSc8 Light Pollution Reduction– Lighting Power densities shall not exceed
ASHRAE 2007– 4 NEW ASHRAE LIGHTING POWER
DENSITY CATEGORIES FOR EXTERIOR LIGHTING
LEED 2009 and Lighting
• SSc8 Light Pollution Reduction– Light generated from a single luminaire at the
intersection of a private drive & public roadway can use the centerline of the roadway as the site boundary for 2 times the driveway width
W
2 W
LEED 2009 and Lighting
• EAp2 Minimum Energy Performance– Option 1: New buildings must save 10% and
existing buildings must save 5% relative to ASHRAE 2007
– Option 2: Comply with prescriptive path for ASHRAE Advanced Energy Design Guide for Small office Buildings 2004 (office bldgs < 20,000 sq.ft. only)
– Option 3: Comply with Advanced Buildings Core Performance Sections 1 and 2 (Bldgs < 100,000 sq.ft.; not health care, warehouse or laboratory)
LEED 2009 and Lighting
• EAc1 Optimize Energy Performance– Option 1: Use energy simulation to demonstrate
savings relative to ASHRAE 2007 1-19 POINTS– Option 2: Comply with prescriptive path for
ASHRAE Advanced Energy Design Guide for Small office Buildings 2004 (office bldgs < 20,000 sq.ft. only) 1 POINT
– Option 3: Comply with Advanced Buildings Core Performance Sections 1 and 2 (Bldgs < 100,000 sq.ft.; not health care, warehouse or laboratory) 1 POINT + UP TO TWO ADDITIONAL POINTS FOR ADDITIONAL STRATEGIES
LEED 2009 and Lighting
• EQc6.1 Controllability of Systems: Lighting– NO CHANGE
LEED 2009 and Lighting
• EQc8.1 Daylight 75% of Spaces– Clarification that physical measurements must
be taken under clear sky conditions, at 30”above the floor, on or about solar noon
– Clarification that results may be combined from the LEED calculator, lighting simulations and physical measurements.
• EQc8.2 Views for 90% of Spaces– NO CHANGE
LEED 2009
• See changes at www.usgbc.org• Public comment period open until
June 22, 2008• Targeted to take effect January 2009