lecture 21 slides: topography - mit opencourseware · grand canyon marli miller, u. oregon courtesy...

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Topography 12.001 – 31 October 2012 1

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Page 1: Lecture 21 Slides: Topography - MIT OpenCourseWare · Grand Canyon Marli Miller, U. Oregon Courtesy of scott1346 on Flickr. License: CC-BY. Courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey

Topography)

12.001)–)31)October)2012)

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Page 2: Lecture 21 Slides: Topography - MIT OpenCourseWare · Grand Canyon Marli Miller, U. Oregon Courtesy of scott1346 on Flickr. License: CC-BY. Courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey

NASA

“Geographic”/Plate carrée

Courtesy of NASA. Image in the public domain.

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Page 3: Lecture 21 Slides: Topography - MIT OpenCourseWare · Grand Canyon Marli Miller, U. Oregon Courtesy of scott1346 on Flickr. License: CC-BY. Courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey

Mercator

Courtesy of NASA. Image in the public domain.3

Page 4: Lecture 21 Slides: Topography - MIT OpenCourseWare · Grand Canyon Marli Miller, U. Oregon Courtesy of scott1346 on Flickr. License: CC-BY. Courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey

Transverse Mercator

Courtesy of NASA. Image in the public domain.4

Page 5: Lecture 21 Slides: Topography - MIT OpenCourseWare · Grand Canyon Marli Miller, U. Oregon Courtesy of scott1346 on Flickr. License: CC-BY. Courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey

Grand Canyon Marli Miller, U. Oregon

Courtesy of scott1346 on Flickr. License: CC-BY.

Courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey. Map in the public domain. 5

Page 6: Lecture 21 Slides: Topography - MIT OpenCourseWare · Grand Canyon Marli Miller, U. Oregon Courtesy of scott1346 on Flickr. License: CC-BY. Courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey

Marli Miller, U. Oregon / Block Models by John Lewis, Colorado College 6

© Marli Bryant Miller. All rights reserved. This content is excluded from our CreativeCommons license. For more information, see http://ocw.mit.edu/help/faq-fair-use/.

Page 7: Lecture 21 Slides: Topography - MIT OpenCourseWare · Grand Canyon Marli Miller, U. Oregon Courtesy of scott1346 on Flickr. License: CC-BY. Courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey

Marli Miller, U. Oregon / Block Models by John Lewis, Colorado College 7

© Marli Bryant Miller. All rights reserved. This content is excluded from our CreativeCommons license. For more information, see http://ocw.mit.edu/help/faq-fair-use/.

Page 8: Lecture 21 Slides: Topography - MIT OpenCourseWare · Grand Canyon Marli Miller, U. Oregon Courtesy of scott1346 on Flickr. License: CC-BY. Courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey

© source unknown. All rights reserved. This content is excluded from our Creative

Commons license. For more information, see http://ocw.mit.edu/help/faq-fair-use/.

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Page 9: Lecture 21 Slides: Topography - MIT OpenCourseWare · Grand Canyon Marli Miller, U. Oregon Courtesy of scott1346 on Flickr. License: CC-BY. Courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey

South)Fork)Eel)River,)California)–)1m)laser)alDmetry)from)NaDonal)Center)for)Airborne)Laser)Mapping)(NCALM))

500)m)

vegetaDonLfree)digital)topography)from)laser)alDmetry)(LiDAR))

Courtesy of NCALM at The University of Houston. Used with permission. 9

Page 10: Lecture 21 Slides: Topography - MIT OpenCourseWare · Grand Canyon Marli Miller, U. Oregon Courtesy of scott1346 on Flickr. License: CC-BY. Courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey

Hyperion Cassini imaging team NASA

Courtesy of NASA. Image in the public domain. Courtesy of NASA. Photograph in the public domain.

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Page 11: Lecture 21 Slides: Topography - MIT OpenCourseWare · Grand Canyon Marli Miller, U. Oregon Courtesy of scott1346 on Flickr. License: CC-BY. Courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey

NASA Courtesy of NASA. Image in the public domain.

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Page 12: Lecture 21 Slides: Topography - MIT OpenCourseWare · Grand Canyon Marli Miller, U. Oregon Courtesy of scott1346 on Flickr. License: CC-BY. Courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey

NASA

Courtesy of NASA. Images in the public domain.

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Page 13: Lecture 21 Slides: Topography - MIT OpenCourseWare · Grand Canyon Marli Miller, U. Oregon Courtesy of scott1346 on Flickr. License: CC-BY. Courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey

Mathworks Geoid anomaly (m)

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Courtesy of The MathWorks, Inc. Used with permission. MATLAB and Simulink are registered trademarksof The MathWorks, Inc. See www.mathworks.com/trademarks for a list of additional trademarks. Otherproduct or brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.

Page 14: Lecture 21 Slides: Topography - MIT OpenCourseWare · Grand Canyon Marli Miller, U. Oregon Courtesy of scott1346 on Flickr. License: CC-BY. Courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey

NIMA/NASA GSFC

Courtesy of NASA. Image in the public domain.

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Page 15: Lecture 21 Slides: Topography - MIT OpenCourseWare · Grand Canyon Marli Miller, U. Oregon Courtesy of scott1346 on Flickr. License: CC-BY. Courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey

GRACE Mission Courtesy of NASA. Image in the public domain.15

Page 16: Lecture 21 Slides: Topography - MIT OpenCourseWare · Grand Canyon Marli Miller, U. Oregon Courtesy of scott1346 on Flickr. License: CC-BY. Courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey

Courtesy of NOAA. Map in the public domain.16

Page 17: Lecture 21 Slides: Topography - MIT OpenCourseWare · Grand Canyon Marli Miller, U. Oregon Courtesy of scott1346 on Flickr. License: CC-BY. Courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey

Anderson & Anderson

Courtesy of NOAA. Figure in the public domain.

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Page 18: Lecture 21 Slides: Topography - MIT OpenCourseWare · Grand Canyon Marli Miller, U. Oregon Courtesy of scott1346 on Flickr. License: CC-BY. Courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey

NASA Courtesy of NASA. Photograph in the public domain.

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Page 19: Lecture 21 Slides: Topography - MIT OpenCourseWare · Grand Canyon Marli Miller, U. Oregon Courtesy of scott1346 on Flickr. License: CC-BY. Courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey

To first order, relief should be governed by isostasy.

Blackburn et al., in prep

Model: Lithosphere cools + HPE

Erosion rate � Relief [e.g., Braun, several papers] Isostatic equilibrium

3 crustal density scenarios

© source unknown. All rights reserved. This content is excluded from our CreativeCommons license. For more information, see http://ocw.mit.edu/help/faq-fair-use/. 19

Page 20: Lecture 21 Slides: Topography - MIT OpenCourseWare · Grand Canyon Marli Miller, U. Oregon Courtesy of scott1346 on Flickr. License: CC-BY. Courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey

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Figures of elevation (m) and R (relief/root thickness) versus mountain belt formation age (Ma) removed due to copyright restrictions.

Page 21: Lecture 21 Slides: Topography - MIT OpenCourseWare · Grand Canyon Marli Miller, U. Oregon Courtesy of scott1346 on Flickr. License: CC-BY. Courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey

Claude)HillaireLMarcel,in)Anderson)&)Anderson)

Hudson)Bay)Paleoshorelines)Courtesy of Claude Hillaire-Marcel. Used with permission.

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Page 22: Lecture 21 Slides: Topography - MIT OpenCourseWare · Grand Canyon Marli Miller, U. Oregon Courtesy of scott1346 on Flickr. License: CC-BY. Courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey

MIT OpenCourseWarehttp://ocw.mit.edu

12.001 Introduction to GeologyFall 2013

For information about citing these materials or our Terms of Use, visit: http://ocw.mit.edu/terms.