Learning To Use New

Testament Greek

Lesson XII

Nominative Case

• Indicates subject of the sentence.

• Naming case• E.g. John saw Jesus coming to

him.

• oV, oi

Genitive Case

• The case which describes.• It specifies or qualifies.• Often thought of as the case

of possession.• Often translated with use of

word “of”.• E.g. The disciples of John

fasted.

Dative Case

• Case which points out the person to, or for, whom something is done.

• Most often associated with the indirect object.

• Often translated with word “to” or “for”.

• E.g. Jesus was speaking words of truth to the crowd.

Accusative Case

• “Receives” the action of the verb or that which is directly affected by the action of the verb.

• Known as the direct object.• Relative to the verb, it

answers the question “what?”• E.g. Jesus was speaking

words of truth to the crowd.

Vocative Case

• Not widely used• The case of direct address• E.g. Lord have mercy on

us.

Gender

• Method of classification.• Types: Masculine, Feminine,

Neuter• English – Nouns classified on

basis of natural gender.• Greek – generally follows natural

gender w/ living things.• Things, qualities, ideas are not

necessarily neuter• Recognizing gender is important.

Endings for Nouns of 2nd Declension

Masculine & Feminine

Neuter

Singular

Plural

Singular

Plural

Nom

oV oi on a

Gen ou wn ou wvn

Dat w/ oiV w/ oiV

Acc on ouV on a

Voc e oi on a

Articles

• a, an, the• noun marker or determiner• an adjective• “the” is definite – points to

a specific thing• “a” or “an” is indefinite –

general information• Greek has no indefinite

article

Articles

anqrwpoV blepei apostolon.A man sees an apostle.

oJ anqrwpos blepei ton apostolon.The man sees the apostle.

Complements

eijmi;• Copulative Verb – equates

what follows with what precedes.– Therefore, requires a

complement in the nominative case (to “complete” the idea).

– blevpw a[nqrwpon. I see a man.

– eijmi; a[nqropoV. I am a man.

Feminine Nouns Of The hJmevra

Type

truth

ajlhvqeia, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The hJmevra

Type

sin (hamartiology)

aJmartiva, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The hJmevra

Type

kingdom, reign (basilica)

basileiva, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The hJmevra

Type

ministry, service (diaconate)

diakoniva, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The hJmevra

Type

church (ecclesiastical)

ejkklhsiva, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The hJmevra

Type

authority, right

ejxousiva, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The hJmevra

Type

desire, lust

ejpiqumiva, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The hJmevra

Type

day (ephemeral)

hJmevra, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The hJmevra

Type

heart (cardiac)

kardiva, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The hJmevra

Type

testimony (martyr)

marturiva, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The hJmevra

Type

house (cf. oi[koV)

oijkiva, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The hJmevra

Type

boldness, confidence

parrhsiva, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The hJmevra

Type

wisdom (sophisticated)

sofiva, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The hJmevra

Type

salvation

swthriva, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The hJmevra

Type

joy (charisma)

carav, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The hJmevra

Type

hour (horoscope)

w{ra, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The dovxa

Type

tongue, language (glossary)

glw:ssa, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The dovxa

Type

glory (doxology)

dovxa, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The dovxa

Type

sea

qavlassa, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The fwnhv

Type

love

ajgavph, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The fwnhv

Type

beginning (archaic)

ajrchv, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The fwnhv

Type

earth, land (geology)

gh:, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The fwnhv

Type

Scripture, writing (graphics)

grafhv, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The fwnhv

Type

covenant

diaqhvkn, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The fwnhv

Type

teaching

didachv, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The fwnhv

Type

righteousness

dikaiosuvnh, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The fwnhv

Type

peace (Irene)

eijrhvnh, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The fwnhv

Type

commandment

ejntolhv, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The fwnhv

Type

letter

ejpistolhv, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The fwnhv

Type

life (zoology)

zwhv, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The fwnhv

Type

head

kefalhv, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The fwnhv

Type

anger, wrath

ojrgh, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The fwnhv

Type

parable (parabolic)

parabolhv, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The fwnhv

Type

circumcision

peritomhv, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The fwnhv

Type

prayer

proseuchv, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The fwnhv

Type

synagogue

sunagwghVv, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The fwnhv

Type

endurance, steadfastness, perseverance

uJpomonhv, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The fwnhv

Type

voice, sound (phonograph)

fwnhv, hJ

Feminine Nouns Of The fwnhv

Type

soul, life (psychology)

yuchv, hJ

Masculine Nouns Of The

maqhthvV Type

disciple (root – maq, mathematics

maqhthvV, hJ

Masculine Nouns Of The

maqhthvV Type

prophet

prfhvthV, hJ

Masculine Nouns Of The

maqhthvV Type

soldier (strategic)

stratiwvthV, hJ

Masculine Nouns Of The

maqhthvV Type

tax collector

telwvnhV, hJ

Masculine Nouns Of The

maqhthvV Type

hypocrite

uJpokrithvV, hJ

Masculine Nouns Of The neanivas

Type

Messiah

Messivas, hJ

Masculine Nouns Of The neanivas

Type

young man (from neovV [new])

neanivas, hJ

The Definite Article

the

oJ, hJ, tov

Prepositions With One Case

from; away from, of (with gen.)(apostasy)

ajpov

Prepositions With One Case

into; to, for, in (with accusative)

eijV

Prepositions With One Case

out of; from, by (with gen.) (eccentric)

ejk

Prepositions With One Case

in; within, by, with, among (with dat.)

(energy)

ejn