learning review flashcards for terms on the test
TRANSCRIPT
Definition
• A(n) ___________ reinforcer increases the frequency of the behavior it follows when it is added to the environment.
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• The method of __________ involves exposing a person to a harmless stimulus until he or she is no longer afraid of it.
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• On a ___________ schedule, reinforcements are provided only after a certain number of correct responses have been made.
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• A type of stimulus that was formerly neutral and takes on new meaning by being associated with something else is called a(n)
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• ___________ is the method of teaching complex behaviors by breaking them down into manageable parts.
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• A(n) ___________ reinforcer is learned and becomes effective by first being paired with such reinforcers as food and shelter.
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• Reinforcements are applied with a set amount of time between them on a________ schedule.
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• __________ is the learning that occurs while a neutral stimulus is paired with an unconditioned stimulus and it is repeated over and over. The initial learning of new response.
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• This type of stimulus elicits a response not normally associated with it after being paired with an unconditional stimulus.
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• Act of responding in the same way to stimuli that seem similar. For example, a dog salivates to a bell and to a buzzer with a similar tone.
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• A(n) ___________ reinforcer is desired because the animal learns to value it, like praise.
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• Method of overcoming fear that involves relaxation and gradual exposure to the feared stimulus
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• Revival of an extinguished response when the unconditioned stimulus suddenly reappears.
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• Act of responding differently to stimuli that are not similar. For example, a dog salivates to a bell but not a knock on the wooden door.
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• When a conditioned response stops occurring because the unconditioned stimulus is no longer presented
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• Reinforcement that encourages a behavior by meeting an organism's basic biological needs like food, water, or sex drive.
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• This person studied cats and came up with the “Law of Effect” that states that animals will repeat behaviors that are rewarded.
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• This person is the father of operant conditioning and believed that all animals learn through reinforcement and punishment.
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• This person’s experiment with rats showed that animals do think during classical conditioning because they need to predict the UCS is coming after the NS.
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• This person studied taste aversion in rats using flavored water with a drug that would make the rats sick.
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• This person’s rat maze experiment where rats formed a cognitive map of the maze showed that animals learn without reinforcement demonstrating the concept of latent learning.
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• This person studied how children learned through observation in his famous Bobo Doll Experiment
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• His experiment with dogs proved that animals can learn reflexive behaviors to unnatural stimuli.