Learning Objective: Identify cause and effect text structures in expository texts

What are we Identifying today?

Cause and Effect structures in expository text!

What would happen on a rainy day?

These are examples of cause and effect relationships!

Narrative vs. Expository-Two major types of Text

Narrative• Tells a story• Narratives usually follow a

story format• Examples: Harry Potter,

Junie B. Jones, Curious George

Expository• Gives you information• Information is organized in

different ways– Cause and effect– Compare and contrast– proposition and support– Sequence

• Examples: Science, history books

Cause and Effect Text Structure

• In texts that follow this structure, the reader is told the result of an event or occurrence and the reasons it happened.

• Signal Words: Consequently, therefore, as a result, thereby, leads to

Example: There was a bad storm last night, as a result the electricity in the neighborhood went off for two hours.

The Importance of Knowing Cause and effect structure

Good readers use a variety of strategies to help them comprehend. Identifying the text

structure is a good strategy to help readers understand what they are reading.

Step 1 : Read expository features to help predict the purpose of the text such as title, pictures, captions, sub headings

Step 2: Read the text Step 3: While reading the text, identify signal words

How do we identify cause and effect text structure?

Step 4: Ask your self does the text tell me effects of events and why they happened

Identify the Text Structure

Cities have grown so large that now about 50% of the Earth's population lives in urban areas. There are several reasons for this occurrence. First, the increasing industrialization of the nineteenth century resulted in the creation of many factory jobs, which tended to be located in cities. These jobs, with their promise of a better life, attracted many people from rural areas. Second, there were many schools established to educate the children. The promise of a better education persuaded many families to leave farming communities and move to the cities. Finally, as the cities grew, people established places of relaxation, entertainment, and culture, such as sports stadiums, theaters, and museums.

How Cities have Grown

Identify the Text StructureCities have grown so large that now about 50% of the Earth's population lives in urban areas. There are several reasons for this occurrence. First, the increasing industrialization of the nineteenth century resulted in the creation of many factory jobs, which tended to be located in cities. These jobs, with their promise of a better life, attracted many people from rural areas. Second, there were many schools established to educate the children. The promise of a better education persuaded many families to leave farming communities and move to the cities. Finally, as the cities grew, people established places of relaxation, entertainment, and culture, such as sports stadiums, theaters, and museums.

Identify the Text Structure

My hometown and my college town have several things in common. First, both are small rural communities. For example, my hometown, Gridlock, has a population of only about 10,000 people. Similarly, my college town, Waverville, consists of about 11,000 local residents. A second way in which these two towns are similar is that they are both located in rural areas. Gridlock is surrounded by many acres of farmland which is devoted mainly to growing corn and soybeans. In the same way, Waverville lies in the center of farmland which is used to raise hogs and cattle

My Hometown and College Town

Identify the Text Structure

My hometown and my college town have several things in common. First, both are small rural communities. For example, my hometown, Gridlock, has a population of only about 10,000 people. Similarly, my college town, Waverville, consists of about 11,000 local residents. A second way in which these two towns are similar is that they are both located in rural areas. Gridlock is surrounded by many acres of farmland which is devoted mainly to growing corn and soybeans. In the same way, Waverville lies in the center of farmland which is used to raise hogs and cattle

My Hometown and College Town

Identify the Text StructureCities have grown so large that now about 50% of the Earth's population lives in urban areas. There are several reasons for this occurrence. First, the increasing industrialization of the nineteenth century resulted in the creation of many factory jobs, which tended to be located in cities. These jobs, with their promise of a better life, attracted many people from rural areas. Second, there were many schools established to educate the children. The promise of a better education persuaded many families to leave farming communities and move to the cities. Finally, as the cities grew, people established places of relaxation, entertainment, and culture, such as sports stadiums, theaters, and museums.

Cause and Effect Text Structure

Cities have grown very large

Schools were established to educate kids

Jobs were available in the city

Life was more interesting

Effect- What happened

Causes- Why something happens

Let’s Do Some together

Read the passages and identify the passage that are cause and effect