ldsf ;lk; dfssdfsdf ldfljd kljkdfjsdfsdfsdf · (dce 411)2 3. a continuous beam abc is shown in...

(DCE 411)

B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, MAY 2011.

(Examination at the end of Final Year)

Civil Engineering

Paper I – ADVANCED STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS – II

Time : Three hours Maximum : 75 marks

Answer Question No. 1 Compulsorily. (15 ´ 1 = 15)

Answer ONE questions from each Unit. (4 ´ 15 = 60)

1. Answer the following: (a) Define curved beams and its importance. (b) How centre of gravity of loads acts is curved beams? (c) Why torisonal moments occurs in curved beams? (d) State Muller Breslaer Principle. (e) Why Qualitative influence line are drawn for statically Indeterminate Structures? (f) When we can say the beam reaches plastic stage? (g) Define load factor and shape factor. (h) Write any tow assumptions made to evalutate the fully plastic movement of a section. (i) List out the various possible forms of Collapse mechanism. (j) How statitically determinate and Indeterminate structures are solved? (k) Write the relationship between flexibility matrix and stiffness matrix. (l) Define generalised co-ordinates. (m) Define the degree of static and kintematic Indeterminacy. (n) List out the different methods used to analyse a formed structures. (o) How the matrix method is developed? UNIT – I 2. A curved beam AB of uniform cross section is horizontal is plan and is the form of a

quadrant of a circle of radius R. The beam is fixed at A and free at B. It carries a uniformly distributed load of w/unit run over the entire length of the beam as shown in Fig.1. Calcualte the stear forces bending moment and Torisonal moment values at A and B and sketch the variations of the Same.

Fig.1. Or

(DCE 411) 2

3. A continuous beam ABC is shown in Fig.2. Using Muller Breslau principle develop the ILD for the reaction at B. Compute and sketch the ordinates at every quarter of each span.

Fig.2.

UNIT – II

4. Find out the collapse load for the continous beam of uniform section and loaded as shown in Fig.3. in terms of its plastic moment Mp.

Fig.3.

Or

5. Find the value of W at Collapse for the portal frame loaded as shown in Fig.4.

Fig.4.

(DCE 411) 3

UNIT – III

6. Analyse the continuous beam shown in Figure.5 and sketch the BMD, by using flexibility method of analysis.

Fig.5.

Or

7. Analyse the portal frame shown in Fig.6 by flexibility matrix method and draw bending moment diagram.

Fig.6.

UNIT – IV

8. Analyse the continuous bean shown in Figure.7 and sketch the BMD, by using stiffness method of analysis.

Fig.7.

Or

(DCE 411) 4

9. Analyse the rigid frame shown in Fig.8. by flexibility matrix method and draw bending moment diagram.

Fig.8

——————

(DCE 412)



Civil Engineering

Paper II — EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING

Time : Three hours Maximum : 75 marks Answer Question No. 1 is compulsorily.

(15 × 1 = 15) Answer ONE question from each UNIT.

(4 × 15 = 60)

1. Write brief note on : (a) Mention the basic concepts of vibration. (b) Differentiate between Damping and

Resonance. (c) List out the vibration measuring

Instruments. (d) What are the causes of earth quakes? (e) What are seismic waves and list out their

classifications? (f) What is the importance of base Isolation

Technique? (g) What is the main functions of Seismic

Damping? (h) What are the Seismic effects of structures?

(DCE 412) 2

(i) How flexibility of buildings affects their earth quake response?

(j) How damages in RCC structures are noticed? (k) Why should masonry buildings have simple

structural configurations? (l) Differentiate between active and passive

isolation methods. (m) Define Liquefaction of soils. (n) List out the factors controlling liquefaction of

soils. (o) Mention any two retro fitting techniques

used in steel structures.

UNIT I

2. Derive the Fourier series expression for the given periodic loading function and write the expression for the steady state response of an SDOF system. (15)

Or

3. (a) Explain in brief the type of vibrations with the help of neat sketches. (7 2

1 )

(b) Explain the important methods used to measure damping of a vibration system with help of neat sketches. (7 2

1 )

(DCE 412) 3

UNIT II

4. (a) Explain in detail the factors influencing ground motion. (3)

(b) Describe briefly the classifications of Earth quakes. (6)

(c) Describe briefly the identification of earth quake sources. (6)

Or

5. (a) Why base isolation technique is necessary and explain in detail the mechanism of Base isolation with the help of sketches. (7 2

1 )

(b) What are the commonly used types of seismic dampers? Explain any two types with the help of heat sketches. (7 2

1 )

UNIT III

6. (a) Explain in detail how do earth quakes affect vein forced concrete buildings. (7 2

1 )

(b) List out the various Repair techniques adopted for damaged RCC structures – Explain any three techniques in detail. (7 2

1 )

Or

(DCE 412) 4

7. (a) How to make stone masonry buildings earthquake resistant? (7 2

1 )

(b) List out the various Retrofitting techniques generally adopted for masonry structures. Explain any three techniques in detail. (7 2

1 )

UNIT IV

8. (a) How we can identify the typical damages and failures of steel structures due to earthquake? (7 2

1 )

(b) Write a brief note on Earth quake resistance design of steel structures. (7 2

1 )

Or

9. (a) Explain in briefly the types of liquefaction. (5)

(b) Describe briefly the methods to reduce liquefaction with the help of neat sketches. (10)

–––––––––––

(DCE 413)

B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, MAY 2011


Civil Engineering

Paper III – WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING - III DESIGN AND DRAWING


Note : Answer any ONE question from each Unit.

All questions carry equal marks. UNIT I

1. Design a canal regulator for the following data: Hydraulic Particulars Canal U/s Canal D/s Full supply discharge 24 sec/3m 20 sec/3m Bed width 18 m 18 m Bed level 10 m 10 m Full supply level 14 m 12.75 m Top level of bank 16 m 14.75 m

Ground level at the site GL = 9.0 cm. Bottom level of the bank = 18 m. Draw to a suitable scale sectional elevation.

Or

(DCE 413) 2

2. Design the natch type canal drop given the following details:

Particulars U/s D/s

Full supply discharge 8 sm /3 8 sm /3

Bed level of canal 50 m 48 m

Full supply level 51.5 m 49.5 m

Bed width 8 m 8 m

Top width of banks 2 m 2 m

Top level of banks 52.5 52.5

Side slopes in cutting 1:1; filling 1:1 21

Hard soil for foundation 48.5 m

Ground level at site is 50.50 m.

Design a canal drop using the above data

Draw to a suitable scale plan and longitudinal section.

UNIT II

3. Design a direct sluice taking off from a main canal irrigates 200 hectares of land with a duty of 800. Hydraulic particulars of the main canal:

(DCE 413) 3

Full supply discharge 500 cumecs Bed width of the canal 20 m Bed level of the canal 50 m Full supply depth of water 3 m Half supply depth of water 2 m Ground level 52 m Top bund level 54 m Top width of the band 5 m

The canal has 1:1 and 1:2 side slopes in cutting and in embankment repectively.

Hydraulic particulars of the distributary canal: Bed width of distributary 1 m Bed level of distributary 50.50 m Full supply level 52 m Top level of bank 52.75 m Top width of bank 1 m

Hard soil is available at 51.5 m. Draw section and elevation along the barrel.

Or

4. Design a syphon aqueduct (Type III) for the following data:

(DCE 413) 4

Discharge of canal 50 cumecs Bed width of canal 36 m Depth of flow in the canal 1.8 m Bed level of canal 200 m Bed level of the drain 198 m High flood discharge of drain 450 cumecs High flood level of drain 200.5 m General ground level 200 m

Assume any other data suitably. Draw the plan and longitudinal section along the barrel.

———————

(DCE 414)



Civil Engineering

Paper IV — ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING – II

Time : Three hours Maximum : 70 marks Answer Question No. 1 is compulsorily.

(14 × 1 = 14) Answer ONE question from each Unit.

(4 × 14 = 56)

1. Write brief notes on : (a) Define sludge. (b) Write the importance of Grid chambers. (c) Why partially combined system is considered

more suitable for Indian conditions? (d) Write any two requirements of a good trap. (e) What is the importance of sewage analysis? (f) What do you mean by sludge bulking? (g) State the different zones of pollution of river. (h) How can you explain sewage sickness? (i) List out the methods of dewatering the

sludge.

(DCE 414) 2

(j) What is meant by Incineration? (k) Write the difference between BOD and COD.

(l) State the advantage of sanitary landfill.

(m) Give any two characteristics of Sewage.

(n) What are skimming tanks?

UNIT I

2. (a) Describe conservancy and water carriage system. What are the relative advantages and disadvantages of the two systems? (10)

(b) Explain about water closets. (4)

Or

3. Explain about the following : (14)

(a) Manholes

(b) Drop - Manholes

(c) Siphon spill ways

(d) Inverted siphons.

(DCE 414) 3

UNIT II

4. (a) What is BOD? Derive the expression ( )tkD

t LY *101 −−= . (7) (b) Design a septic tank for 100 users, assuming

the rate of water supply as 120 lit/head/day. Desludging period is one year. Sludge deposition rate may be taken as 30 lit/head/year. (7)

Or

5. (a) Explain in detail about the Imhoff tank. (7) (b) Write a detailed note on the different types

of Sedimentation tanks with neat sketches. (7)

UNIT III

6. (a) What do you understand by a trickling filter? Explain with a neat sketch the biological process involved in its working. (8)

(b) What are the different methods of aeration in activated sludge process? Explain any one in brief. (6)

Or

7. (a) Explain the working principle of rotating biological contactors. (7)

(b) Write a short note on various sewage disposal methods. (7)

(DCE 414) 4

UNIT IV

8. (a) Explain the various factors affecting sludge digestion. (7)

(b) Write in detail about the various sources of urban solid waste. (7)

Or

9. (a) Briefly explain about the recovery and reuse of solid waste. (7)

(b) What are the different methods of aeration in activated sludge process? Explain any one. (7)

–––––––––––

(DCE 415)



Civil Engineering

Paper V — ESTIMATION AND VALUATION


Answer Question No. 1 Compulsorily. (14 × 1 = 14)

Answer ONE question from each Unit. (4 × 14 = 56)

1. (a) List out various methods of estimation of building works.

(b) Write the importance of Degree of accuracy.

(c) What is Earnest money?

(d) Give the relationship between Gross income and Net income.

(e) What do you mean by Obsolescence?

(f) Define Mortgage.

(g) State the importance of measurement book.

(h) What is the need of supplementary estimate?

(i) List out the methods of estimating cost depreciation.

(j) How can you calculate the carpet area?

(k) What is sinking fund?

(l) Write the steps involved in process of fixing standard rent.

(m) What is salvage value?

(n) Write a note on administrative approval.

(DCE 415) 2

UNIT I

2. (a) Explain centre line method and long and short wall method. (4)

(b) Find out the quantities of earth work in excavation, cement concrete (1:4:8) and brick masonry in cement mortar (1:5) in foundation and plinth of a room whose plan and section of walls are shown in fig. By using centre line method and out to out and in to in method.

Or

3. (a) Explain the various methods of estimating.

(b) Calculating the quantity of brick work in a segmental arch of 2.50 m span, 60 cm rise

and 35 cm thick. The breadth of the wall is 35 cm.

UNIT II

4. Prepare a detail estimate for the following items of works for the proposed residential

building.

(a) Earth work in excavation in foundation.

(b) Cement concrete in foundation.

(c) Masonry work in foundation and plinth.

(d) Sand filling in plinth

(e) Masonry work in super structure including parapet by longwall and shortwall method.

Or

(DCE 415) 3

5. Prepare an estimate for the construction of Macadam road for 1km length having the following.

(a) formating width of road = 12 m (b) Average height of bank = 0.6 m Side slopes 2:1, metalled width of road 3.8 m, soling coat of hard stone 63 mm size, 20

cm thick, sides shall be provided with brick edging, wearing course in 2 layers, each layer 10 cm thick of stone aggregate 50 mm nominal size.

UNIT III

6. Workout the unit rates for the following items of work

(a) Coarsed rubble stone masonry in CM (1:6) for the basement of a building.

(b) Brisk masonry in CM (1:8) with II class bricks for the super structure.

(c) Plastering in CM 1:6 (12mm thick)

(d) Cement concrete 1:4:8 in foundation.

Or

7. Workout the rates for the following items of work

(a) Excavation for foundation in ordinary soil including throwing excavated earth work with in the lead of 30 m and lift of 1.5 m.

(b) RCC (1:2:4) in colums and beams.

(c) Fully panelled doors using seasoned teak wood inclusive of necessary hardwork and iron fittings.

(d) One coat of white washing on all wall surfaces.

(DCE 415) 4

UNIT IV

8. (a) Draft a tender notice for the construction of an school building with plinth area of 16,000 sqm.

(b) Explain how the life of structures is decided. What is the basis?

Or

9. (a) What is meant by Depreciation? Explain the various methods of estimating Depreciation. (8)

(b) Write in detail about the methods of valuation. (6)

——————

(DCE 416/A)



Civil Engineering

Paper VI — PRE STRESSED CONCRETE




1. (a) What type of stresses are induced in pre stressed concrete? (b) Define the term Tendon. (c) Mention any two methods for designing high strength Concreter mixes. (d) Define shinkage of concrete in Prestressed members. (e) What is the main advantage of light-weight Aggregate prestressed concreter. (f) Mention the principles of anchoring the tendons. (g) Mention any two assumptions in the analysis of prestress and Bending Stresses. (h) State any two important factors influencing deflections. (i) How we can improve the shear resistance of structural concrete member by

prestressing techniques. (j) Define pressure thrust line. (k) When we can say that the member is subjected to pure torsion incase of prestressed

concrete. (l) How transmission of prestressing force from steel to concrete occurs? (m) How bond stress are developed in prestress concrete? (n) Anchorage zone reinforcement is designed to withstand, which type of tension. (o) Define transmission length.

UNIT I

2. (a) What is the minimum Concrete-strength requirements prescribed for prestressed concrete members in IS : 1343 code. (5)

(b) What are post-tensioning anchorages? (5) (c) Where do you adopt circular prestressing? (5)

Or

(DCE 416/A) 2

3. A Concrete beam of 10 m span 100 mm wide and 300 mm deep is prestressed by 3 cables. The area of each cable is 200 mm2. Cable 1 is parabolic with an eccentricity of 50 mm above the centroid at the supports and 50 mm below at the centre of span. Cable 2 is also parabolic with zero eccentricity at supports and 50 mm below the centroid at the centre of span. Cable 3 is straight with uniform eccentricity of 50 mm below the Centroid. Is the cables are tensioned fan one end only, estimate the percentage loss of stress in each cable due to fiction. Assume = 0.35 and k = 0.0015 per m. (15)

UNIT II

4. A Concrete beam of symmetrical I-section spanning 8 m has the width and thickness of flanges equal to 200 and 60 mm respectively. The overall depth of beam is 400 mm. The thickness of web is 80 mm. The beam is prestressed by a perabolic cable with an eccentricity of 150 mm at the centre and zero at the supports with an effective force of 100 kN. The live load on the beam is 2kN/m. Draw the stress distribution diagram at the central section for

(a) prestress + self weight (density of concrete = 24kN/m3)

(b) prestress + self weight + live load. (15)

Or

5. A Concrete beam with a Cross-section area of 231032 mm× and radius of gyration of 72 mm is prestressed by a parabolic cable carrying an effective stress of 1000 N/m2. The span of the beam is 8 m. The Cable, Composed of 6 wires of 7 mm diameter has an eccentricity of 50 mm at the centre and zero at the supports. Neglecting all losses, find the central deflection of the beam as follows: Self weight + prestress, and self weight + prestress + live load of 2kN/m.(15)

UNIT III

6. A pre stressed Concrete bean of rectangular section, of a 200 mm width and 450 mm overall depth, is provided with a supplementary reinforcement. Consisting of four deformed bars of 20mm diameter at an effective cover of 50 mm from the soffit. If the increase of stress in the untensioned reinforcement from the stage of decompression of concrete to the service load is 100N/mm2, estimate the maximum width of cracks developed at the soffit of the beam using any one method. Assume

./28,/200 22 mmkNEandmmkNE cs == (15)

Or

(DCE 416/A) 3

7. (a) Explain in detail the strength and serviceability Limit states. (7 21 )

(b) What are the preliminary design considerations to be considered in case of elastic design of prestressed Concrete sections for flexure? (7 2

1 )

UNIT IV

8. (a) What is transmission length? List the various factors influencing transmission length. (7 2

1 )

(b) Discuss briefly the IS 1343 code provisions regarding bond and transmission length. (7 2

1 )

Or

9. The end block of a prestressed Concrete beam 100 mm wide and 200 mm deep supports an eccentricity prestressing force of 100 kN; line of action of which consider with the bottom kern of the section. The depth of the anchor plate is 50 mm. Estimate the magnitude and position of the principal tensile stress on a horizontal plane passing through the centre of the anchorage plate. (15)

———————

(DCE 416/B)



Civil Engineering

Paper VI — STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS

Time : Three hours Maximum : 75 marks Answer question No. 1 compulsorily.


(4 × 15 = 60)

1. Write briefly on : (a) State degrees of freedom. (b) List out various elements in single degree of freedom system. (c) What is free body diagram? (d) State D’ Alembert’s principle. (e) Define natural frequency and write its equation. (f) How viscous damping is done in single degree of freedom system? (g) Define critical damping. (h) Define Resonance. (i) What is transmissibility and write its equation? (j) When Impulsive loading is applied in Respons to general dynamic loading? (k) State the principle of virtual work is generalized coordinates. (l) What is the main difference between Rayleighs method and improved Rayleigh’s

method? (m) How response of a shear building to the base (or) foundation motion is obtained. (n) How natural frequency is useful in structural dynamics? (o) Write relationship between stiffness and flexibility matrices.

UNIT I

2. Determine the natural frequency of the fixed beam shown in Fig. 1. carrying a concentrated weight W at its center. Neglect the mass of the beam.

Fig. 1.

Or

(DCE 416/B) 2

3. A vibration system consists of mass of 175 kg, a spring of stiffness 700N/cm and damper with a damping co-efficient of 7 N/Cm-1 sec. Determine damping factor and the natural frequency of damped vibration.

UNIT II

4. The steel frame shown in Fig. 2. supports a rotating machine which exerts a horizontal force at the girder level, 1000)( =tf sin 5t N. Assuming damping ratio of 0.1 determine

(a) The steady-state amplitude of vibration and (b) The maximum dynamic stress is the columns. Assume that the girder is rigid.

ISHB 400 Z = 1404.2 cm3 I = 28083.5 cm4

Fig. 2. Or

5. (a) Explain briefly the Impulsive loading and duhamel’s integral. (b) Write a brief note on numerical evaluation of Duhamel’s integral undamped system.

UNIT III

6. (a) Explain in detail the principle of virtual work. (5) (b) Determine the natural frequency of the system shown in Fig. 3. A weight of 260 N is

connected to a cantilever beam AB through the spring stiffness of 20 N/cm. The cantilever beam is 2.5 cm wide and 0.5 cm deep and of span 6 cm. The modules of elasticity is 2 × 105 N/mm2. (10)

Fig. 3.

Or

(DCE 416/B) 3

7. (a) Explain briefly the generalized single degree of freedom system – Rigidbody. (7 21 )

(b) Describe briefly the Rayleigh’s method. (7 21 )

UNIT IV

8. A shear frame is shown in Fig. 4. Set up the lateral flexibility and stiffness matrices. Hence formulate the equation of motion using the above matrices.

Fig. 4.

Or

9. (a) What is the importance of model superposition method and explain in detail. (3) (b) Write a brief note on Response of shear building to base motion. (6) (c) Explain in detail how frequency is affected in shear buildings. (6)

———————

(DCE 416/C)

B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, MAY 2011. (Examination at the end of Final Year)

Civil Engineering

Paper VI — FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS

Time : Three hours Maximum : 75 marks Answer question No. 1 compulsorily.


(4 × 15 = 60)

1. Write briefly on : (a) How state of stress in an elemental volume of a loaded body is defined? (b) State Hooke’s Law for uniaxial deformation. (c) Define plane strain and plane stress. (d) List out the element shapers classification. (e) How nodes are selected in finite element analysis? (f) Define Natural co-ordinates. (g) Why polynomial terms are preferred for shape functions in finite element method? (h) How the convergence criteria for I so parametric elements are done? (i) Write any one basic law on which Iso parametric concept is developed. (j) Define bar element and truss element. (k) Differentiate between CST and QST elements. (l) How consistent loads can be divide in finite element analysis? (m) Why patch test is used in finite element analysis? (n) Write the importance of finite element discrimination of vein forced concrete structures. (o) How element stiffness matix formulated?

UNIT I

2. The axial how shown in Fig. 1. is subjected to a load ‘p’ at a distance of L/2 from one of the fixed ends. U and C the principle of stationary potential energy to calculate the reactions h1 and h2

Fig. 1.

Or

(DCE 416/C) 2

3. (a) State and explain the convergence requirements of polynomial shape functions. (5)

(b) Determine the shape function for a three noted bar element (i) Using polynomial form in local co-ordinates. (5) (ii) Using Lagrangian functions. (5)

UNIT II

4. (a) Explain the Isoparametric concept in finite element analysis. (7 21 )

(b) Explain the terms Isoparametric, subparametric and superparametric elements. (7 21 )

Or

5. For the element shown in Fig. 2, assemble Jacobian matrix and strain displacement matrix for the Gaussian point (0.57735, 0.5 7735)

Fig. 2.

UNIT III

6. (a) Explain step by step procedure involved in direct stiffness method of analysis and solution technique. (10)

(b) Differentiate between the terms ‘lumped loads’ and consistent loads. (5) Or

7. A rectangular plate shown in Fig. 3. is subjected to a load of 12 KN/m. Analyse the problem using CST elements.

E = 2.1 × 1012 N/m2 µ = 0.35.

Fig. 3.

(DCE 416/C) 3

UNIT IV

8. For the six noded triangular element shown in Fig. 4. compute the stiffness matrix using Isoparametric formation.

E = 2.1 × 1010 N/m2 t = 2.5 cm 3.0=µ .

Fig. 4.

Or

9. Explain briefly the following : (a) The patch test. (3) (b) Formulation of Reinforced concrete element. (6) (c) Application to plane stress analysis of a gravity dam. (6)

————————

(DCE 421)



Civil Engineering

Paper I — ADVANCED DESIGN OF STRUCTURES


Answer ONE question from each Unit.

(5 × 15 = 75)

UNIT I

1. An R.C. Intz-type water tank supported on six columns is required to store 2,00,000 litres of water. Design the Intz type water tank with the following data :

Height of staging above ground level = 12 mts

SBC = 150 kN/m2

Basic wind pressure = 2 kN/m2

Use M20 grade concrete and Fe415 grade steel.

Or

2. A open elevated R.C. water tank 6.5 m internal diameter and 3.5 m high retains water for a height of 2.8 m. The tank rests on 4 columns, lying on a circle of 6.5 m diameter forming a square inscribed on the circle. The height of the column is 20 m. Assuming no restraint between tank wall and floor, design

(a) the wall and

(b) the floor system, including beams of the tank.

Adopt 2N/mm7=cbcT , 2N/mm7.1=cbtT , 2N/mm115=stT .

UNIT II

3. A R.C.C. slab bridge is to be constructed over a trapezoidal channel of 6 m base width and side slopes 1 : 1 laid at a bed slope of 0.2 m/km. Design the slab bridge for the data given below :

Chezy’s constant = 60

Bed level of stream = 100 m

Fully supply level = 101.4 m

Bottom slab level = 103.0 m

(DCE 421) 2

Loading IRC class AA (tracked vehicle)

Road width = 7.5 m

Foot path = 600 mm on either side

Wing walls, splayed type use M25 and Fe415 concrete and steel.

Or

4. Design a reinforced concrete slab culvert for a national highway to suit the following data :

Carriage way : Two lane (7.5 m wide)

Foot paths : 1 m on either side

Clear span : 6 m

Wearing coat : 80 mm

Width of bearing : 0.4 m

Materials : M20 grade concrete

Fe415 : Grade HYSD bars

Loading : IRC class AA tracked vehicle.

UNIT III

5. A T-beam bridge of clear width of roadway 6.8 m has 3 girders and has an effective span of 18 m. The deck slab is 210 mm thick. The wearing coat is 80 mm thick. Weight of railing 800 N/m, 500 mm wide × 300 mm deep kerbs are provided. Five cross girders monolithically built with the longitudinal girders. Design one of the longitudinal girders by Courbon’s theory when class A type of loading is used for live load. Use M20 concrete and Fe415 steel.

Or

6. Explain briefly the following with help of neat sketches :

(a) Pigeaud’s method for computation of slab moments. (7 21 )

(b) Courbon’s method for computation of moments in girders. (7 21 )

UNIT IV

7. Design a pier for the following data :

Super structure : Simply supported T-beam of 22.3 m span

Foundation : Well foundation

Dimensions : As shown in fig. 1

Dead load from each span : 2450 kN

Reaction due to live load on one span = 900 kN

Maximum mean velocity of current = 3.6 m/sec

Material for plan : Cement concrete M20 grade

(DCE 421) 3

Live load : IRC class AA (or) class A whichever produces severe effect. Only the straight portion of the pier will be considered in design. It is required to check the adequacy of the dimensions.

Dimensions of pier

Fig. 1

Or

8. (a) Explain briefly the structured elements of abutments and forces to be considered in design with the help of neat sketches. (7 2

1 )

(b) Write a brief note on Backfill Behind Abutment. (7 21 )

UNIT V

9. Design an elastomeric pad bearing for a two-lane R.C. T-beam bridge of 15.0 m clear span with the following data :

Maximum dead load reaction per bearing = 300 kN Maximum live load reaction per bearing = 530 kN Vertical reaction induced by longitudinal forces per bearing = 15 kN Longitudinal force per bearing = 35 kN Concrete for T-beam and bed block over pier = M20

22

1 >AA

Rotation at bearing of super structure due to DL and LL = 0.0025 radian.

Or

10. Explain briefly the following with help of neat sketches : (a) Shallow foundations and (7 2

1 )

(b) Deep foundations. (7 21 )

———————

(DCE 422)



Civil Engineering

Paper II —CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT



Answer ONE question from each Unit. (4 × 14 = 56) 1. (a) How can you define project management? (b) List out the various steps involved in

planning. (c) What are mile stone charts? (d) What do you mean by project work break

down? (e) Write the difference between direct cost and

indirect cost. (f) What is meant by resource smoothing? (g) State any two earth compacting equipment. (h) What is the importance of documentation? (i) Write any two factors affecting cost owning

and operating the equipment.

(DCE 422) 2

(j) State any two techniques followed in stores management.

(k) Define network. (l) Write the formula used for calculating

standard deviation in the PERT analysis. (m) What is cost slope? (n) Define slack.

UNIT I 2. (a) Explain in detail about the advantages and

disadvantages of Barchart (b) What are the main causes of project failure?

Or 3. (a) Write a brief note on the various factors

affecting job layout. (b) State the importance of preparation of

construction schedules. UNIT II

4. (a) The three times estimate t0, tm and tp of each activities of a project are given below. Activity to (days) tm(days) tp(days)

1-2 2 5 14

1-3 3 12 21

2-4 5 14 17

3-4 2 5 8

4-5 1 4 7

3-5 6 15 30

(i) Draw the network diagram.

(DCE 422) 3

(ii) Find the expected duration and variance of each activity.

(iii) Calculate the early and late occurrence times for each event.

(iv) Determine the expected duration. (v) Calculate the total float for each

activity. (vi) Find the variance and standard

deviation of the entire project. Or

5. (a) State the basic rules for CPM network and explain the advantages of critical path method. (8)

(b) The following information applies to a particular project.

Event 0 is the initial event Event 1 is preceded by event 0

Event 3 is preceded by event 1


Event 2 is preceded by event 1 Event 3 is preceded by event 2 and 1

Event 4 is preceded by event 3 and 1


For the various activities in the project, the expected times are:

Activity 0-1 1-3 1-2 2-3 1-4 3-4 4-5

Duration : 3 16 6 8 10 5 3

(DCE 422) 4

(i) Draw the arrow diagram for this project.

(ii) If the scheduled completion date is equal to the earliest expected time TE for the end event, calculate the slack time for each event and identify the critical path. (6)

UNIT III 6. (a) Briefly explain about the ABC classification

of materials. (6) (b) Explain how one can select the required

equipment with task consideration. (8) Or

7. (a) Explain in detail about the classification of construction equipment. (7)

(b) Write down the functions of material management department. (7)

UNIT IV 8. (a) What do you mean by Accident prevention

programme and list the approaches to improve safety in constructions. (6)

(b) Write a short notes on the following: (8) (i) Discounted cash flow analysis (ii) Benefit cost ratio.

Or 9. (a) Write about the importance of "computer as

a decision making tool" in construction. (7) (b) Explain the various steps involved in the

prevention of fires in construction industries. (7)

———————

(DCE 423)



Civil Engineering

Paper III — TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING II




1. (a) Give the classification of railways. (b) What do you mean by coning of wheels? (c) State any two requirements in standard rail

sections. (d) What are fish plates? (e) Write the importance of super elevation. (f) List out the various components of

Aeroplane. (g) Explain when does negative super elevation

occurs.

(DCE 423) 2

(h) State the formula used for calculating length of the vertical curve.

(i) What is tuning zone?

(j) How do you do the orientation of Runway?

(k) What is the purpose of providing Transit sheds?

(l) Define Dredging.

(m) Give the classification of obstructions.

(n) Write any two advantages of water transportation.

UNIT I

2. (a) Write down the specifications of single line railway track adopted on Indian railways. (7)

(b) Briefly explain the comparison of different types of sleepers. (7)

Or

3. (a) Draw a neat sketch of the cross-section of a double track meter gauge permanent way with all the necessary dimensions, indicating on it the names of different parts. (8)

(b) Differentiate between railway and highway transportation. (6)

(DCE 423) 3

UNIT II

4. (a) Explain in detail about the essentials of inter-locking. (6)

(b) Write a short note on the following: (8)

(i) Level crossing

(ii) Station yards.

Or

5. (a) Explain the various factors that are to be considered in site selection for railway station. (6)

(b) Assuming that curve resistance is 0.348 kg per ton per degree of curve, deduce the value of grade compensation for curves per degree of curve. (8)

UNIT III

6. Explain in detail how the basic runway length is determined on the basis of the performance characteristics of jet and conventional engine crafts. (14)

Or

7. Briefly explain the following: (14)

(a) Airport lighting

(b) Drainage systems.

(DCE 423) 4

UNIT IV

8. (a) State the types of dredging devices commonly used in harbour engineering practice and explain with a neat sketch the most efficient of these. (8)

(b) What are the basic requirements of a marine signal? (6)

Or

9. (a) What is a light house? How is it constructed? (8) (b) Why are piers constructed? How are their

dimensions determined? (6)

———————

(DCE 424/B)



Civil Engineering

Paper IV —ADVANCED ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING


Answer Question No. 1 Compulsorily. (15)


1. (a) State any two characteristics of the treatment plant effluents.

(b) What is the amount of dissolved oxygen balance in streams?

(c) Write any two ill effects of polluted stream waters on flora.

(d) Give the difference between biological nitrification and de-nitrification.

(DCE 424/B) 2

(e) What is the importance of scrubbers? (f) What is mixing height? (g) How is humidity measured? (h) What are Aerosols? (i) What is the purpose of utilization of

electrostatic precipitators? (j) What are the various factors responsible for

purification of sewage in river? (k) Upto which percent the BOD is reduced in

the trickling filter? (l) Which gas is liberated during the

purification process of sewage? (m) What is the size of the particulate matter? (n) Write any two sources of noise and their

noise levels.

UNIT I

2. (a) Explain the self purification in a stream. (b) Design an oxidation pond for treated sewage

from a hot climate residential colony with 5000 persons, contributing sewage at the rate of 120 lts per capita/day. Take 5 day BOD as 300 mg/l.

Or

(DCE 424/B) 3

3. Write a short note on the following: (a) Oxidation ditch (b) Aerated lagoons (c) Stabilization ponds.

UNIT II

4. (a) Briefly explain the characteristics of sugar plant liquid waste.

(b) Explain in detail about any one method of the treatment and disposal of dairy industry.

Or

5. Explain the treatment of sugar mill waste with the help of a flow diagram.

UNIT III

6. With the help of a neat sketch explain the construction and working of a rotating biological contactors.

Or

7. Explain the effects of air pollution on (a) Human Health (b) Plants and (c) Economic effects

(DCE 424/B) 4

UNIT IV

8. (a) What are cyclones? Explain the advantages and disadvantages of these cyclones.

(b) List out the major components of an electrostatic precipitator.

Or

9. Distinguish between (a) Fabric and fibrous fitters (d) Single-stage and two-stage precipitators.

———————

(DCE 424/F)



Civil Engineering

Paper-IV — REMOTE SENSING AND PHOTO INTERPRETION


Answer Question No. 1 compulsorily. (15 × 1 = 15)


1. (a) Define remote sensing. (b) State any two principles of aerial

photographs. (c) List out the different types of scattering. (d) Write the methods available to store vector

data and attribute data. (e) What are photo scales? (f) Give the main classification of sensors. (g) When do you call a body as a black body?

(DCE 424/F) 2

(h) State the names of any two airborne platforms.

(i) Write the purpose of using ground truth data.

(j) What are the errors introduced in a GPS?

(k) How can you define flight line?

(l) What is the importance of interpretation key?

(m) State any two limitations of GIS.

(n) Why is GIS advantageous than CADD?

(o) What is meant by IFON?

UNIT I

2. (a) Explain the various interactions of incident electromegnatic energy with the atmosphere.

(b) What is resolution of sensor? Describe all sensor resolutions.

Or

3. (a) What are the advantages and disadvantages of various remote sensing platforms.

(b) Discuss on the spectral reflectance characteristics of water and vegetation in different spectral bands.

(DCE 424/F) 3

UNIT II

4. (a) What do you understand by digitizing of films?

(b) State the advantages and limitations of landsat imagery.

Or

5. (a) Explain in brief the various factors that affect spectral measurements.

(b) Write in detail about the visual image interpretation processes.

UNIT III

6. (a) Explain the use of remote sensing data for geomorphological and soil mapping in the context of geological mapping.

(b) State the applications of remote sensing in hydralogical science.

Or

7. (a) What do you understand by the application of remote sensing?

(b) Explain the role of remote sensing to monitor land-use changes.

(DCE 424/F) 4

UNIT IV

8. Write a short note on the following : (a) spatial entity (b) vector graphics (c) application of remote sensing in the

development of waste lands.

Or

9. What is GIS? Write about the evolution of GIS and importance of GIS in real world phenomenon?

———————

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