layout planning (operations management)

8/11/2019 Layout Planning (Operations Management)

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Chapter 10

Layout Planning:Process Layout

Charlene Ann Molina

Jean Carla L. Merino


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Layout Planning

Layout Planning is determining

the best physical arrangement

of resources within a facility


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Importance

Eliminates unnecessary costs for space and

materials handling

Reduces work-in-process inventory

Produces goods and services faster Reduces distances that workers must travel

in the workplace

Improves communication and morale

Increases retail sales

Improves brand image


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Types of Layouts

Process layouts: Group similar resources together

Product layouts: Designed to produce a specific

product, or a small number of products efficiently

Hybrid layouts: Combine aspects of both processand product layouts

Example: cellular layout

Fixed-Position layouts: Product is too large to

move

Examples: building construction, shipyard

Resources must be brought to where they are

needed


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Process Layouts

Used in project and batch manufacturing(intermittent processes)

Also used in department stores, offices,hospitals, and universities

Able to make or sell a variety of products

Use general purpose resources

Less automation than in product layouts


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Process Layouts (2)

Material handling costs per unit are higher

than in product layouts

Scheduling production is more complex than

in product layouts


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Designing Process Layouts

Step 1: Gather information:

Space needed, space available, importance ofproximity between various units

Step 2: Develop alternative block plans:

Using trial-and-error or decision support tools

2 approaches

Relationship (REL) chart

From-to matrix

Can use both

Decision support systems are heuristic methods

Usually give a "good" solution

Solution may not be optimal (best solution)


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Designing Process Layouts (2)

Step 3: Develop a detailed layout

Consider exact sizes and shapes of

departments and work centers including

aisles and stairways Tools like drawings, 3-D models, and

computer-assisted design (CAD) software

are often used


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Process Layout Example

Block layout for a sports medicine clinic

A

Radiology

B

Laboratory

C

Lobby &Waiting

D

ExaminingRooms

E

Surgery &Recovery

F

PhysicalTherapy


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Process Layout Example (2)


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Proposed Layout


A

Radiology

B

ExaminingRooms

C

Lobby &Waiting

D

Surgery &

Recovery

E

Laboratory

F

PhysicalTherapy


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THE END

:D

layout planning (operations management)

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