law 111 persons and family relations student's copy

Saint Louis University School of Law SY 2012-2013

LAW 111 – PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS – COURSE OUTLINE

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Prepared By: Atty. Lulu Reyes and Atty. Debbie G. Dulay – Del Val Page | 1

I. INTRODUCTION Definition of Law Classification of Law Concept of Law as “Derecho” and “Ley” Human Positive Law Branches of Human Positive Law Definition of Civil Law Civil Code of the Philippines Sources Effectivity of the Civil Code of the Philippines

Lara v. Del Rosario, 94 Phil. 778 II. EFFECT AND APPLICATION OF LAWS A. Effectivity of Laws Art. 2 as amended by E.O. 200, 18 June 1987

Tanada v. Tuvera, 136 S 27 and 146 S 446

Phil. International Trading Corp. v. Angeles, 21 October 1996

Phil. Veterans Bank Employees Union v. Hon. Vega, 28 June 2001

Honasan, III vs. The Panel of Investigating Prosecutors of the DOJ, 427 SCRA 46

ASTEC vs. ERB, GR No. 192117, 18 Sept. 2012 (Exceptions) B. Ignorantia Legis Non Excusat Art. 3 Concept Application Exceptions “Processual Presumption”

Yao Kee v. Sy Gonzales, 167 S 736

Board of Commissioners v. Dela Rosa, 197 S 853

Laureano v. CA, 2 February 2000 C. Lex prospicit, Non Respicit Art. 4 Basis and Purpose Exceptions

Aruego, Jr. v. CA, 254 S 711

Bernabe v. Alejo, 21 January 2002 D. Mandatory / Prohibitory Laws Defined General Rule on Effect of Violation Exceptions E. Waiver of Rights Art. 6 Rights Defined Waiver

Guy v. CA, 502 S 151

People v. Morial, 15 August 2001 F. Judicial Application and Interpretation of Laws Art. 8 The Philippine Legal System, Background



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Stare Decisis Non Quieta Movere

Ting v. Ting, 31 March 2009

Landbank v. Pagayatan, et. al., GR No. 177190, 23 Feb. 2011 (When stare decisis does not apply)

“Law of the Case”

Ayala Corp., v. Rosa Diana Realty, 1 December 2000 Ratio Decidendi Obiter Dictum

Villanueva v. CA, 19 March 2002 G. Rules on Application and Interpretation of Laws Arts. 9 Dura Lex Sed Lex

Pp. v. Veneracion, 249 S 251

Duty of the Court to Render Judgment Effect of Silence, Obscurity or Insufficiency of Laws Judicial Aids Cessante Ratione Cessat Ipsa Lex in Criminal Law Art. 10 Legislative Intent Presumption “Interpret not by letter that killeth but by the spirit that giveth life”

Phil. Rabbit Bus Lines v. Arciaga, 148 S 438

Cesario Ursua v. CA, 10 April 1996 Art. 13 Computation of Periods Year, Month, Day, Night

CIR v. Primetown, 28 August 2007

Labad v. University of Southern Phil., 9 August 2001 H. Applicability of Customs Arts. 11 and 12 Custom, Defined Requisites Custom Proper Legem v. Custom Contra Legem I. How Laws Lose Their Effectivity Art. 7 Lapse of a Law, Defined Repeal, Meaning Express Repeal and Implied Repeal, Distinguished Effect of Repeal of Repealing Law on Law First Repealed

CIR v. Primetown, 28 August 2007

Labad v. University of Southern Phil., 9 August 2001 J. Binding Effect of Laws Art. 14, in relation to Art. 2, Revised Penal Code Territoriality and Generality Exceptions Ex-territoriality Extra-territoriality

Assali v. Commissioner of Customs, 26 S 382



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K. Theory of Statutes Art. 15 and Art. 17, par. 3 Persons: Nationality Principle

Recio v. Recio, 2 October 2001

Llorente v. CA, 23 November 2000

Van Dorn v. Romillo, 139 S 139 Art. 16 Property: Lex Rei Sitae (Mobilia Sequntur Personam abandoned) Exception: Succession Domicillary Theory Renvoi

Aznar v. Garcia, 7 S 95

Bellis v. Bellis, 20 S 358

PCIB v. Excolin, 56 S 266 Art. 17, pars. 1 and 2 Forms and Solemnities of Contracts and Wills (Extrinsic Validity): Lex Loci Celebrationis

American Airlines v. Court of appeals, 9 March 2000. L. Suppletory Application of the Civil Code of the Philippines III. HUMAN RELATIONS

Right and Obligation, Defined A. Standards / Norms of Human Conduct Art. 19 Theory of Abuse of Rights

Go v. Cordero, 4 May 2010

Principio v. Barrientos, 478 S 639

Villanueva v. Rosqueta, 19 January 2010 Requirements for Actionable Wrong Damages, Concepts and Kinds

Manuel v. People, 476 S 639

University of the East v. Jader, 17 February 2000

Cruz v. NLRC, 7 February 2000

Globe McKay v. Barrios, 119 S 461

RCPI v. CA, 143 S 657 “Damnum Absque Injuria” / “Volenti Non Fit Injuria”

Hotel Nikko v. Reyes, 452 S 532 B. Liability Ex-Maleficio or Ex-Delicto Art. 20 in rel. to Art. 100 of the Revised Renal Code Acts Contrary to Law C. Acts Contrary to Morals, Good Customs or Public Policy Art. 21 Coverage Breach of Promise to Marry: When Actionable

Hermosisima v. CA, 109 P 629

Galang v CA, 4 S 55

Gashem Shookat Baksh v. CA, 219 S 115

Wassmer V. Velez, 12 S 648



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D. Unjust Enrichment

Arts. 22 and 23 Action in Rem Verso and Solutio Indebiti, Distinguished Restitution as a Remedy Damages Recoverable

Car Cool Phil. v. USHIO Realty, 479 S 404

Puyat v. Zabarte, 26 February 2001

Elegir vs. PAL, GR No. 181995, 16 July 2012

GSIS, et al vs. COA, et. al., GR No. 181995, 16 July 2012 E. Unfair Competition Art. 24, In Contractual Relations Parens Patriae Doctrine Art. 28, In Industrial, Agricultural and Commercial Enterprises, Inc. Labor F. Thoughtless Extravagance Art. 25, Injunctive Remedy When and To Whom Available G. Respect for Personality and Dignity of Others Art. 26 Right to Privacy, Defined Constitutional and Statutory Basis of Right to Privacy Prying into the Privacy of Another’s Residence Alienation of Affections Humiliation on account of Religious Belief, Station in Life, Physical Defects, etc.

Concepcion v. CA, 31 January 2000 H. Neglect or Refusal of Public Servant Art. 27 Liability for Damages: Requisites Non-Feasance, Misfeasance Distinguished

Amonoy v. Spouses Gutierrez, 15 February 2001 I. Action for Damages based on Crime / Delict Arts. 20, 29, 30 and 35 in rel. to Art. 100 of Revised Penal Code Rule 111, Section 1, 2000 Rules of Criminal Procedure Proof of Guilt beyond Reasonable Doubt v. Preponderance of Evidence Separate Civil Action Necessity of Reservation Suspension of Separate Civil Action Rule 111, section 2, 2000 Rules of Criminal Procedure Effect of Acquittal in the Criminal Case upon Civil Liability

Guaring v. CA, 269 S 283

Manantan v. CA, 29 January 2001

J. Independent Civil Actions

Concept and Rationale Evidence Required

Art. 31, Civil Action based on Other Sources of Obligation except Crime: Law, Contract, Quasi-Contract

Bonite v. Zosa, 162 S 173

Pp. v. Bayotas, 236 S 239

Mansion Biscuits v. CA, 23 November 1995



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Art. 32, Civil Liability for Violation of Constitutional Rights Persons Responsible When Responsibility Demandable from a Judge

Cojuanco v. CA, 2 July 1999

Alcuaz v. PSBA, 161 S 7 compared with

Non v. Dames, 185 S 523 Art. 33, Civil Liability for Declaration, Fraud, Physical Injusries Meaning

Arafiles v. Philippine Journalists, 25 March 2004

International Flavors v. Argo, 10 Sept. 2001

Marcia v. CA, 120 S 7

Ruiz v. Ucol, 153 S 14 Art. 34, Civil Liability of Member of Municipal or City Police Principal Liability of Member of Police Subsidiary Liability of City / Municipality Arts. 2176-2177, Quasi-Delict Concept of Quasi-Delict or Culpa Aquiliana Tort, defined

Barredo v. Garcia, 73 P 607

Jose v. CA, 18 January 2000 K. Prejudicial Questions Defined Art. 36, in rel. to Rule 111, Secs. 6-7 of 2000 Rules of Criminal Procedure Elements Effect

Beltran v. People, 20 June 2000

City of Pasig v. COMELEC, 10 September 1999

Diaz v. Merced, 109 P 155

Donato v. Luna, 160 S, 441 IV. PERSONS AND PERSONALITY Art. 37, Juridical Capacity and Capacity to Act, Distinguished Classes of Persons A. Natural Persons Civil Personality Art. 40, Presumptive Civil Personality Geluz v. CA, 2 S 801 Art. 41, Birth Legal Conditions Art. 38-39, Restrictions or Modifications on Capacity to Act

Catalan v. Basa, 31 July 2007

Domingo v. CA, 17 October 2001

Mendezona v. Ozamiz, 6 February 2002 Art. 42, Death Effects of Death

Pp. v. Bayotas, 236 S 239



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Art. 43, Survivorship Presumptions on Survivorship

Geluz vs. CA, 2 SCRA 8 B. Juridical Persons Theory of Special Capacities Art. 44, Classification Art. 45, Governing Law Art. 46, Powers, in rel. to Art. 12, Sections 2-3 of the 1987 Constitution V. DOMICILE Defined Distinguished from Residence Kinds of Domicile: Origin, COntructive and Choice Arts. 50-51

Romualdez-Marcos v. COMELEC, 248 S 300 VI. MARRIAGE Family Code of the Philippines Effectivity Date Retroactive Application

Aruego Jr. v. CA, 254 S 711

Bernabe v. Alejo, 21 January 2002 Marriage Defined Art. 1 in rel. to Art. XV, 1987 Constitution Nature of the Contract of Marriage

Estrada v. Escritor, 408 S 1 Ancheta v. Ancheta, 4 March 2004 Pp. v. Corpus, 85 S 567 Rivera v. IAC, 182 S 322 Abadilla v. Tabiliran, 249 S 447

Presumption in Favor of Existence and Validity of Marriage

Dela Rosa v. Heirs, 480 S 334 Eugenio v. Velez, 185 S 425 Garcia vda. De Chua v. CA, 5 March 1998

A. REQUISITES OF A VALID MARRIAGE Essential Requisites 1. Legal Capacity Art. 2, par. 1 in rel. to Arts. 1, 5, Art. 35, par. 1 and Art. 26, par. 1 Marrying Age under Family Code as compared to the Civil Code Sex / Status of Same- Sex Marriages

RP v. Silverio, 22 October 2017

RP v. Cagandahan, 12 September 2008 Absence of other Legal Impediment, Arts. 37-38

Donato v. Luna, 160 S 14

Weigel v. Sempio DIy, 143 S 499



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Atienza v. Brillantes, 29 March 1995 2. Consent Art. 2, par. 2 in rel. to Art. 6 How Given Formal Requisites: 1. Authority of the Solemnizing Officer Art. 3, par. 1 and Art. 7 Sec. 444, R.A. 7160 or the Local Government Code Art. 35, par. 2, Effect of Good Faith

Beso v. Judge Duguman, 28 January 2000 2. Valid Marriage License Art. 3, par. 2 in rel. to Arts. 9-21 and Arts. 27-34 Purpose of the Marriage License Probative Value of Marriage License

Requirements for Application Parental Consent, When necessary Parental Advice, When necessary Publication / Posting Requirement Duty of Local Civil Registrar to Issue Suspension of the Issuance of the Marriage License Validity Period of Marriage License

Alcantara v. Alcantara, 28 August 2007

Sevilla v. Cardenas, 494 S 1

Aranes v. Occiano, 380 S 402

Vda. De Jacob v CA, 312 S 772

Trinidad v. Trinidad , 20 April 1998

Republic v. CA, 2 September 1994

Sy v. CA, 330 S 550

Carino v. Carino, 351 S 127 3. Marriage Ceremony Art. 3, par. 3 in rel. to Arts. 6 and 8 Prescribed Form or Rite Proxy Marriage

Morigo v. People, 422 S 376 Absence, Defect or Irregularity in the Requisites Effect of Absence of Essential and Formal Requisites Art. 4, par. 1 in rel. to Art. 35, par. 3 and Arts. 27-34 Effect of Defect in Essential Requisites Art. 4 par. 2 in rel. to Art. 45 Effect of Irregularity in Formal Requisites Art. 4, par. par. 3 Three-Fold Liability Art. 352, Revised Penal Code

Morena v. Bernabe, 14 July 1995

Navarro v. Dumagtoy, 259 S 129 (19 July 1996) Marriage Certificate Art. 6 in rel. to Art. 22-24 Purpose and Value of Marriage Certificate Who Issues Distribution of Copies Distinguished from the Marriage License B. MARRIAGES CELEBRATED OUTSIDE THE PHILIPPINES



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Art. 26, par. 1 in rel. to Arts. 15 and 17, par. 3 of the Civil Code DOJ Opinion No. 11 (17 January 1990) Lex Loci Celebrationis Rule Exceptions, Art. 35, pars. 1, 4, 5, 6, Art. 36-38 C. FOREIGN DIVORCE Art. 26, par. 2 in rel. to Arts. 15 and 17, par. 3 of the Civil Code History of Provision Effects of Foreign Divorce Conditions for Recognition of Foreign Divorce in the Philippines

Corpuz v. Sto. Tomas and the Solicitor General, 11 August 2010

San Luis v. San Luis, 514 S 294

RP v. Iyoy, 21 Sept. 2005

Recio v. Recio, 2 October 2001

Quita v. CA, 300 S 406

RP v. Orbecido III, 472 S 114

Van Dorn v. Romillo, 139 S 139

Pilapil v. Ibay-Somera, 30 June 1989

Tenchaves v. Escano, 15 S 355 D. VOID AB INITIO MARRIAGES Void and VOIDABLE Marriages, Distinguished Declaration of Nullity and Divorce, Distinguished Arts. 35, 36, 37, 38, 44, 53 Art. 350, Revised Penal Code I. Contract by Parties Below 18 Years of Age Art. 35 (1) in rel. to Art. 5 and Art. 26, par. 1 Rule applicable to both parties 2. Contract Solemnized by Person without Authority Art. 35 (2) in rel. to Art. 7 Art. 352, Revised Penal Code

Moreno v. Bernabe, 14 July 1995

Navarro v. Dumagtoy, 259 S 129 (19 July 1996) 3. Contract without a Marriage License Art. 35 (3) in rel. to Arts. 27-34

Abbas vs. Abbas, 30 January 2013

Alcantara v. Alcantara, 28 August 2007

Sevilla v. Cardenas, 31 July 2006

Mallion v. Alcantara, 31 October 2006

Cojuanco, Sr. v. Palma, 438 S 306

Carino v. Carino, 2 February 2001

Trinidad v. Trinidad, 20 April 1998

Atienza v. Brillantes, 29 March 1995 EXCEPTION: Marriages under Exceptional Circumstances Arts. 27 – 34 in rel. to Art. 3, par. 2 and Art. 35, par. 3 Status of the Marriage under Exceptional Circumstances Duty of Solemnizing Officer Marriage in Articulo Mortis

Arts. 27, 29-32 Who May Solemnize, Art. 7 Effect of Survival of Party Marriage in Remote Place Arts. 28-29



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Marriage among Muslims or members of ethnic / indigenous cultural communities Arts. 33 in rel. to R.A. 8371 or the Indigenous People’s Rights Act Convalidation of Cohabitation Art. 34 Period of Cohabitation Absence of Legal Impediment

Manzano v. Sanchez, 354 S 1

Ninal v. Bayadog, 14 March 2000

Sy v. CA, 330 S 550

Cosca v. Palaypayon, 237 S 249 4. Bigamous / Polygamous Marriages Art. 35 (4) in rel. to rel. to Arts. 41 and 44

Jarillo vs. People of the Philippines, 29 September 2009

Macarrubo, 27 February 2004

Tenebro v. CA, 423 S 272

Quita v. CA, 300 S 406

Mijares v. Villa Luz, 274 S 1

Wiegel v. Sempio Diy, 143 S 499

Balogbog v. Balogbog, 7 March 1997

Tamano v. Ortiz, 29 June 1998 EXCEPTION: Valid Bigamous Marriage Arts. 41-44 in rel. to Arts. 381 and 384, Civil Code of the Philippines Presumptive Death / Absence Requisites for Declaration of Presumptive Death

Republic v. Narceda, 10 April 2013

SSS v. Jarque Vda. De Bailon, 485 SCRA 376

Republic v. CA, 477 S 277

Republic v. Bernudes, 449 S 57

Republic v. Nolasco, 17 March 1993

Bienvenido v. CA, 237 S 676

Manuel v. People, 476 S 461

Calisterio v. Calisterio, 330 S 201 Arts. 43-44, Effects of Subsequent Marriage Art. 42, Termination of Subsequent Marriage 5. Contract by Mistake in Identity Art. 35 (5) Mistake defined Effect of Other Misrepresentation 6. Contract in violation of Arts. 40, 52-53 Arts. 35 (6) in rel. to Arts. 40, 52-53 Distinguished from Bigamous / Polygamous Marriage Recording of Judgement of Nullity or Annulment Recording of Delivery of Presumptive Legitimes


Mercado v. Tan, 1 August 2000

Atienza v. Brillantes, 29 March 1995

Domingo v. CA, 226 S 572

Beltran v. People, 334 S 106 7. Incestuous Marriages

Art. 37 in rel. to Arts. 5 and 26, par. 1



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Computation of Blood Relationships Degrees of Relationship Direct Line and Collateral Line, Defined Rationale for the Ban on Incestuous Marriages

8. Quasi-Incestuous Marriages / Void by Reasons of Public Policy Art. 38 in rel to Arts. 5 and 26, par. 1

Prohibited Marriages bet. Collateral Relatives; Relatives by Affinity; and Adoptive relatives Rationale

9. Psychological Incapacity

Art. 36 in rel. to Art. 2, Canon 1095 of the New Code of Canon Law History of Provision Psychological Incapacity and Insanity, Distinguished Psychological Incapacity and Vice of Consent, Distinguished Characteristics of Psychological Incapacity

Chi Ming Tsoi v. CA and Lao, 266 S 324 (17 January 1997)

Santos v. CA, 240 S 20 Guidelines in Determining Psychological Incapacity

Republic v. CA and Olaviano, 268 S 198 (13 February 1997) Evolution of Jurisprudence on Psychological Incapacity

Republic v. Encelan, 9 January 2013

Mendoza v. Republic, 12 November 2012

Republic v. CA, GR no. 159594, 12 November 2012

Ochosa v. Alano and RP, 26 January 2011

Yambao v. Republic, 24 January 2011

Marable v. Marable, 17 January 2011

Agraviador v. Agraviador, 8 December 2010

Ligeralde v. Patalinghug, et al., 15 April 2010

Reyes v. Reyes, 18 August 2010

Toring v. Toring and RP, 3 August 2010

Suazo v. Suazo and RP, 12 March 2010

Alcazar v. Alcazar, 13 October 2009

Najera v. Najera, 3 July 2009

Te v. Te, 13 February 2009

Paras v. Paras, August 2, 2007

Zamora v. CA, 7 February 2007

Ferraris v. Ferraris, 495 S 396

Antonio v. Reyes, 10 March 2006

RP v. Iyoy, 21 September 2005

Siayngco v. Siayngco, 4 October 2004

Villalon v. Villalon, 475 S 572

Buenaventura v. CA, 454 S 261

Barcelona v. CA, 412 S 41

RP v. Hamano, 428 S 735

Macarrubo v. Macarrubo, 424 S 42

Dedel v. CA, 29 January 2004

Republic v. Dagdag, 351 S 425

Pesca v. Pesca, 17 April 2001

Marcos v. Marcos, 19 October 2000

Hernandez v. CA, 8 December 1999 Action for Declaration of Nullity of Marriage Art. 48 in rel. to A.M No. 02-11-10-SC Who May Bring




Enrico v. Heirs, 534 S 418 as compared to

Catalan v. CA, 6 February 2007 and

Ninal v. Bayadog, 14 March 2000 as clarified in

Ablaza v. Republic, 11 August 2010

Carlos v. Sandoval, 16 December 2008 Prescriptive Period Art. 39

Mallion v. Alcantara, 506 S 336 Appearance of the State / Prohibition vs. Default Judgment Art. 48

Maquilan v. Maquilan, 8 June 2007

RP v. Cuison-Melgar, 486 S 177 (31 March 2006)

Corpus v. Ochoterena, 435 S 446

Macias v. Macias, 410 S 365

Sin v. Sin, 355 S 285

Ancheta v. Ancheta, 4 March 2004

Tuason v. CA and Tuason, 256 S 158 (10 April 1996)

Pacete v. Carriaga, 17 March 1994

Right to Support and Custody During Pendency of Action Art. 49 in rel. to Art. 213

Silva v. CA, 275 S 604 Necessity of Final Judgment / Requirements for Remarriage Art. 40 in rel. to Arts. 51-53

Jarillo v. People, 29 June 2010


Leonor v. CA and Beldia, 2 April 1996

Balogbog v. Balogbog, 7 March 1997

Tamano v. Ortiz, 29 June 1998

Domingo v. CA, 226 S 106

Bobis v. Bobis, 336 S 747

Ty v. CA, 346 S 86 Effects of Declaration of Nullity Art. 43-44 in rel. to Arts. 50-53

Valdes v. Valdes, 31 July 1996 Status of Children born of Void Marriage

Art. 54 in rel. to Art. 165 E. VOIDABLE / Annullable MARRIAGES Meaning of Voidable / Annullable Marriage Grounds Art. 45-46 in rel. tots. 2 and 4 1. Lack of Parental Consent Art. 45, par. 1 in rel. to Art. 14 and R.A. 6809 2. Insanity Art. 45, par. 2 Distinguished from Psychological Incapacity 3. Fraud Art. 45, par. 3 in rel. to Art. 46 Concelment Defined

Villanueva v. CA, 27 October 2006

Anaya v. Palaroan, 36 S 97

Buccat v. Buccat, 72 P 19




4. Force, Intimidation, Undue Influence Art. 45, par. 4 in rel. to Arts. 1335, 1336, 1337 of Civil Code of the Philippines Art. 12, par. 5 and 6, Revised Penal Code

Villanueva v. CA, 27 October 2006

Macarrubo v. Macarrubo, 27 February 2004

Pp. v. Santiago, 51 P 68

Reyes v. Zaballero, 89 P 39 5. Impotency Art. 45, par. 5 in rel. to Art. 1 Impotencia Copulandi and Impotentia Generandi, Distinguished Relative Impotency Burden of Proof

Veronica Cabacungan Alcazar v. Rey C. Alcazar, 13 October 2009.

Villanueva v. CA, 27 October 2006 Doctrine of Triennial Cohabitation

Jimenez v. Canzinares, 109 P 173

Jimenez v. Republic, 10 P 274 6. Affliction of a Sexually Transmissible Disease Art. 45, par. 6 distinguished from Art. 46 (3) Ratification / Convalidation of Voidable Marriage Modes Art. 45 in rel. to Art. 47 Free Cohabitation, How Proven To What Marriages Applicable Prescription Period of Prescription Effects of Ratification / Convalidation Action for Annulment of Marriage Art. 47 and A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC, Who May Bring and Within What Period Art. 48, Appearance of the State

Pacete v. Carriaga, 17 March 1994

Tuazon, 256 S 158 (10 April 1996) Right to Support and Custody During Pendency of Action Art. 49 in rel. to Art. 213 Necessity of Final Judgment / Requirements for Remarriage Arts. 49 in rel. to Art. 213 Effects of Annulment Arts. 50-51 in rel. to Arts. 43-44 F. LEGAL SEPARATION Concept of Legal Separation A Vinculo Matrimoni and A Mensa Et Thoro, Distinguished History of Divorce and Legal Separation Arts. 45-55, P.D. 1083 or Code of Muslim Personal Laws Legal Separation and Separation of Property, Distinguished Art. 55 in rel. to Arts. 134-136 Legal Separation and Separation of Property, Distinguished Art. 55 in rel. to Arts. 134-136 Legal Separation and Separation De Facto, Distinguished Art. 55 in rel. to Arts. 100-101 Grounds




Art. 55 (1) to (10) in rel. to Arts. 101 and 128 Arts. 247, 333 and 334, Revised Penal Code

Ong v. Ong, 505 S 76

Banez v. Banez, 374 S 340

Gaudionco v. Penaranda, 27 November 1987

Prima Partosa-Jo v. CA, 216 S 692 Defenses Art. 56 1. Condonation / Pardon Art. 56, par. 1 Forms

Arroyo v. CA, 19 November 1991 Ginez v. Bugayong, 100 P 616 People v. Zapanta and Bondoc, 16 May 1951 Ocampo v. Florenciano, 23 February 1960

2. Consent Art. 56, par. 2 Distinguished from COndonation Forms

Matubis v. Praxedes, 109 P 789 Pp. v. Schneckenberger, 73 P 413 Pp. v. Sansano, 59 P 73

3. Connivance Art. 56, par. 3 Distinguished from Entrapment 4. Recrimation / Mutual Guilt Art. 56, par. 4 Same or Different Grounds Rationale

Benedicto v. Dela Rama, 3 P 34 5. Collusion Art. 56, par. 5 in rel. to Art. 60, par. 2 How Committed 6. Prescription Art. 56, par. 6 in rel. to Art. 57

Brown v. Yambao, 102 P 168

Ocampo v. Florenciano, 23 February 1960

Contreras v. Macaraig, 33 S 222 Action for Legal Separation Procedure, A.M. No. 02-11-11-SC Mandatory Cooling-Off Period Art. 58, Rationale

Araneta v. Conception, 99 P 709

Pacete v. Cariaga, 231 S 321

Somosa-Ramos v. Vamerita, 46 S 110 Exception: Provision on R.A. 9262

Art. 59, Duty of Court to Effect Reconciliation Art. 60, Necessity of Trial and Intervention of State Effects




1. Legal Separation Pendente Lite Arts. 61-62 in rel. to Art. 49

Sabalones v. CA, 14 February 1994 Espiritu and Layug v. CA, 15 March 1995 Lapuz Sy v. Eufemio, 43 S 177

2. Decree of Legal Separation Arts. 63 and 64 in rel. to Arts. 43, 213

Laperal v. Republic, 6 S 357 Siochi vs. Gozon, 18 March 2010

3. Reconciliation Arts. 65-67 Procedure On Pending Case On Final Decree of Legal Separation On Property Relations Registration Requirements G. RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF SPOUSES Gender Relations in Marriage / Gender Stereotypes Arts 68-81 in rel. to Arts. 100 and 127 Art. II, sec. 14 and Art. XIII, Sec. 14, 1987 Constitution Art. II (2) and Art. 247, Revised Penal Code Rule 130, Rules of Evidence on Marriage Privilege Rule and Communication Rule

Ilusorio v. Ilusorio, 12 May 2000

Arroyo v. Vasquez-Arroyo, 42 P 54

Goitia v. Campos Rueda, 35 P 252

Tenchavez v. Escao, 15 S 335, 17 S 674

Cuenca v. Cuenca, 8 December 1988

Go v. CA, 272 S 752 H. PROPERTY RELATIONS BETWEEN SPOUSES Art. 1 in rel to Art. 16, Civil Code of the Philippines 1. Marriage Settlement / Ante-Nuptial or Pre-Nuptial Agreement

Arts. 74-81 Definition and Purpose Form and Essential Elements Terms, Conditions and Stipulations Governing Law Effect if Marriage Does Not Take Place

2. Donations Propter Nuptias Arts. 82-87 in rel. to Art. 725 of the Civil Code of the Philippines Definition and Purpose Requisites Prohibition against Donation to Each Other Arts. 84 and 87 in rel. to Arts. 1490 and 1782, Civil Code of the Philippines

Arcaba v. Vda. De Batocael, 370 S 414

Matabuena v. Cervantes, 38 S 284

Grecio v. Sun Life, 48 P 53

Harding v. Commercial Union, 38 P 464 Revocation Art. 86 in rel. to Art. 50, 43 (3) and Arts. 134, 764, 769, 1144-1145, Civil Code




3. Absolute Community of Property Arts. 88-104 History When Mandatory Effect of Waiver of Rights Property Included Arts. 91, 95

Navarro v. Judge Escobido and Go, 27 November 2009 Property Excluded Arts. 92, 95

Villanueva v. CA, 427 S 439

Ching v. CA, 423 S 371

Tan v. CA, 273 S 229 Charges Against / Obligations of Absolute Community Arts. 94-95 in rel. to Arts. 194-195

Go v. CA, 272 S 752 Arts. 96-98 Compared with Art. 206, Civil Code of the Philippines Remedies in case of Disagreements Sole Administration, When Permissible

Siochi vs. Gozon, et al., 18 March 2010 Disposition: a) of Absolute Community Property Arts. 96, par. 2 and Art. 98 in rel. to Art. 739, Civil Code

Pelayo v. Perez, 459 SCRA 475

Ros and Aguete v. PNB Laoag, 6 April 2011

Aggabao v. Parulan, 1 September 2010

Fuentes, et al. v. Roca, et al., 21 April 2010

Sps. De Leon, et al. v. De Leon, et al., 23 July 2009

Sps. Bautista v. Silva, 502 S 334

Homeowners’ Savings and Loan v. Dallo, 453 S 283

Abalos v. Macatangay, 439 S 649

Roxas v. CA, 26 June 1991

Nicolas v. CA, 154 S 635 b) of Respective Interest in Absolute Community Property Dissolution and Liquidation of Absolute Community Grounds Art. 99 in rel. to Arts. 103, 63-64, 50-52, 134-138

Muller v. Muller, 500 S 65

Cruz v. Cristobal, 498 S 37

Go v. Yamane, 489 S 107

Oligario v. CA, 238 S 96

Nable-Jose v. Nable-Jose, 41 P 713

Luna v. Linatoc, 74 P 15 Effect of Separation De Facto

Cuenca v. Cuenca, 168 S 335

Wong v. CA, 19 August 1991

Prima Partosa-Jo v. CA, 216 S 692 Liquidation Procedure Arts. 102-104

De Ocampo v. Delizo, 69 S 216




Vda. De Consuegra v. GSIS, 37 S 315

4. Conjugal Partnership of Gains Arts. 105-133 History and Concept Distinguished from Absolute Community Regime When Apllicable Applicability of Ordinary Partnership Rules Exclusive Property of Each Spouse Art. 109, 113-115

Salvador v. CA, 243 S 239

Sarmiento v. Ordones, 17 August 1987

Villanueva v. IAC, 192 S 21

Tan v CA, 273 S 229 Ownership, Possession, Enjoyment and Administration of Exclusive Property Arts. 110-112

Manotok Realty v. CA, 30 April 1987

Ong v. CA, 29 November 1991 Property Included in Conjugal Partnership of Gains Arts. 116-120

Ravina v. Abrille, 16 October 2009

Titan Construction Corporation v. david, 15 March 2010.

Ching v. CA, 23 February 2004

Castro v. Miat, 397 S 271

Francisco v. CA, 25 November 1998

Diaz v. CA, 10 November 1986

Ayala Investments v. CA, 12 February 1998

Salvador v. CA, 243 S 239 Charges Against / Obligations of Conjugal Partnership Property Arts. 121-123 in rel. to Arts. 194-195

Domingo v. Reed, 477 S 227

Pana vs. Heirs of Jose Juanite Sr., et al, GR No. 164201, 10 December 2012

Enbrodo v. CA, 233 S 755

Carlos v. Abelardo, 9 April 2002

BA Finance v. CA, 28 May 1988

Johnson and Johnson v. CA, 23 September 1996 Ownership, Possession, Employment and Administration of Conjugal Partnership Property Remedies in case of Disagreements Arts. 124-125

Bautista v. Silva, 502 S 334

Alfredo v. Borras, 404 S 145

Jardeleza v. Jardeleza, 347 S 10

Guiang v. CA, 26 June 1998

Nicolas v. CA, 12 October 1987 Sole Administration, When Permissible Art. 124

Uy v. CA, 346 S 246

Sabalones v. CA, 230 S 79

Relucio v. Lopez, 16 January 2002

Dissolution and Liquidation of Conjugal Partnership Grounds Art. 126 in rel. to Arts. 103, 63-64, 50-52, 134-138

Nable- Jose v. Nable-Jose, 41 P 713




Effect of Separation De Facto Art. 127-128


Heirs of Reyes v. Mijares, 410 S 97

Castro v. Miat, 397 S 271

Perez v. CA, 255 S 238 Liquidation Procedure Arts. 129-133

Quiao v. Quiao, GR No. 176556, 4 July 2012 5. Separation of Property Voluntary Separation of Properety Arts. 134, 143-146

Maquilan v. Maquilan, 8 June 2007

In re Bernas, 14 S 327

Lacson v. Lacson, 24 S 837 Judicial Separation of Property Art. 135-141 Grounds Procedure Revival 6. Property Regime of Unions without Marriage a) Void Marriages or Live-In Relationships Art. 147 Co-Ownership, Concept

Maxey v. CA, 129 S 187

Dino v. Dino, 19 January 2011

Abing v. CA, GR No. 146294, 31 July 2006

Buenaventura v. CA, 31 March 2005

MAquilan v. Maquilan, 8 June 2007

Gonzales v. Gonzales, 478 S 327

Flora v. Pardo, 420 S 396

Mercado v. Fehr, 414 S 288


Valdes v. RTC, 31 July 1996

Mallilin Jr. v. Castillo, 333 S 628

Tumlos v. Fernandez, 330 718

Malang v. Moson, 338 S 393 b) Bigamous, Adulterous, Etc. Relationships Art. 148 Actual Joint Contribution, Concept

Francisco v. Reyes, 434 S 260

Joaquin v. Reyes, 434 S 260

Saguid v. CA, 10 June 2003


Uy v. CA, 232 S 579

Balcodero v. CA, 227 S 303

Juaniza v. Jose, 89 S 306

Adriano v. CA, 27 March 2000 VII. THE FAMILY Art. 149 in rel. to Art. 1 and Art. XV and Art. XV and Art. II, Sec. 12, 1987 Constitution Family Relations, Coverage Art. 150

Guerrero v. RTC, 229 S 274




Scavias v. CA, 273 803 Suit Among Members of the Same Family / Necessity of Earnest Efforts toward Compromise Art. 151 in rel. to Art. 2035, Civil Code of the Philippines

Hiyas Savings v. Acuna, 500 S 514

Martinez v. Martinez, 461 S 562

Hontiveros v. RTC of Iloilo City, 309 S 340

Vda. De MAnalo v. CA, 16 January 2001 Prohibited Compromise Arts. 2034-2035 of the Civil Code of the Philippines

Santos v. CA, 475 S 1

Mendoza v. CA, 19 S 756

Versoza v. Versoza, 27 November 1968 Family Home Arts. 152-162 Definition How Constituted / Requisites

Trinidad-Ramos v. Pangilinan, 20 July 2010

Modequillo v. Breva, 31 May 1990 Beneficiaries of Family Home Benefits / Exemptions

Spouses Fortaleza v. Spouses Lapitan, GR No. 178288, 15 August 2012

Trinidad-Ramos v. Pangilinan, 20 July 2010

Josef v. Santos, 27 November 2008

Kelly v. Planters’ Products, 9 July 2008

Gomez v. Inez, 473 S 25

Manacop v. CA, 11 August 1997

Taneo v. CA, 304 S 308

VIII. PATERNITY AND FILIATION Paternity, Maternity, Filiation, Defined Kinds of Filiation Kinds / Status of Children

De Asis v. CA, 303 S 176

Fernandez v. Fernandez, 363 S 811 A. LEGITIMATE CHILDREN Art. 164 in rel. to Arts. 54 and 43 (1) Presumption of Legitimacy Children by Artificial Insemination, Requirements Action to Impugn Legitimacy Art. 166-169, Grounds

Conception v. CA, 468 S 438

Angeles v. Maglaya, 469 S 363


Jao v. CA, 152 S 359

Andal v. Macaraig, 89 P 165

Babiera v. Catotal, 333 S 487

Benitez-Badua v. CA, 229 S 468 Who may File, Within What Period Arts. 170-171

Liyao v. Tanhoti-Liyao, 7 March 2002

Estate of Juan Dizon v. CA, 366 S 499 Action to Claim Legitimacy Proof of Legitimacy




Art. 172 Who May File, When to File Art. 173

Perla v. Baring, GR No. 172471, 12 November 2012

Tijing v CA, 8 March 2001

Go Kim Huy v. Go Kim Huy, 365 S 490 Rights of Legitimate Children Art. 174 in rel. to Arts. 194-196 Arts. 364, 369, 888 and 979, Civil Code of the Philippines

Tecson v. COMELEC, 3 March 2004

In Re: Julian Lin Wang, 30 March 2005

B. ILLEGITIMATE CHILDREN Art. 165 in rel. to Art. 54 Voluntary Recognition of Illegitimate Children, How Made

Cabatania v. Regodos, 441 S 96

Eceta v. Eceta, 428 S 782

Alberto v. CA, 232 S 745

De Jesus v. Estate of Dizon, 2 October 2001 as compared to

Aparicho v. Parugaya, 29 May 1987 Compulsory Recognition

Gotardo v. Buling, 15 August 2012

Rivero v. CA, 458 S 715

People v. Bayani, 8 October 1996 as compared to

People v. Manahan, 29 September 1999 Proof of Illegitimacy Art. 172

Nepomuceno v. Lopez, 08 March 2010

Rivera v. Heirs, 496 S 135

Cruz v. Cristobal, 498 S 37

CAbatania v. CA, 441 S 96

Lagabala v. Santiago, 4 December 2001

Ilano v. CA, 230 S 242

Fernandez v. CA, 260 S 130

Rodriguez v. CA, 245 S 150

Jison v. Jison, 24 February 1998

Pe Lim v. CA, 270 S 1 DNA Tests: Probative Value in Paternity Cases

Tijing v. CA, 8 March 2001

Agustin v. CA, 460 S 315 (DNA Testing)

Herrera v. Alba, 460 S 197

Pp v. Vallejo, 9 May 2002

Pp. v. Yatar, 428 S 504

Rules on DNA Evidence, Admin. Matter 06-11-05-SC, effective 15 Oct 2007, www.sc.judiciary.gov.ph

Who May File and Whn to File Action for Compulsory Recognition Art. 175, par. 2

Estate of Ong v. Diaz, 540 S 480

Guy v. CA, 502 S 151

Rivero v. CA, 458 S 714

Briones v. Miguel, 440 S 455

Herrera v. Alba, 460 S 197

Marquino v. IAC, 27 June 1994

Tayag v. CA, 209 S 665

People v. Bayani, 8 October 1996

Republic v. Abadilla, 29 January 1999




Rights of Illegitimate Children Art. 176 in rel. to R.A. 9255

Verceles v. Posadas, 27 April 2007

In the Re: Adoption of Stephanie Garcia, 454 S 541

Briones v. Miguel, 440 S 455

Pp. v. Glabo, 371 S 567

Tonog v. CA, 376 S 358

Mossesgeld v. CA, 300 S 464

Silvia v. CA, 275 S 604

David v. CA, 250 S 82 C. LEGITIMATED CHILDREN Arts. 178-182 in relation to RA 9858 Rationale Art. 178, How Made Art. 177, Requisites

De Santos v. Angeles, 12 December 1995

Abadilla v. Tabiliran, 249 S 448 *Parents who were minors (either or both) at the time of conception of child who subsequently marry Effects of Legitimation Rights of Legitimated Children Action to Impugn D. ADOPTED CHILDREN R.A. 8552 or the Domestic Adoption Act of 1998 Who May Adopt Who May be Adopted

Republic v. Hughes, 26 October 1997

Republic v. Toledano, 8 June 1994

Republic v. Hernandez, 9 February 1996

Republic v. CA, 15 March 1996

Republic v. Dye, 20 March 1997 Substantive and Procedural Requirements

In Re: Adoption of Stephanie Garcia, 454 S 541

Cang v. CA, 25 September 1998

DSWD v. Belen, 275 S 645

Teotico v. Del Val, 13 S 406 Rescission of Adoption; Grounds, who May File

Lahom v. Sibulo, 14 July 2003 R.A. 8043 or the Inter-Country Adoption Act of 1995 P.D. 603 or the Child and Youth Welfare Code IX. SUPPORT Arts. 194-208 Rule 61, 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure Concept and Extent Actual Need v. Capacity to Pay Arts. 201-202 Who Is Entitled to Support Arts. 195-197

Lacson v. Lacson, 499 S 677

Biones v. Miguel, 440 S 455

Quisumbing v. Icao, 34 S 132

Francisco v. Zandueta, 61 P 752

Ruiz v. CA, 29 January 1996




Art. 203, When Demandable Art. 205, Exemption from Levy and Attachment Who Must Pay Support Arts. 195-197, 199-200

Sps. Lim v. Lim, 30 October 2009

Verceles v. Posada, 27 April 2007

Mangonon v. CA, 494 S 1

De Guzman v. Perez, 496 S 474

Lam v. Chua, 426 S 29

Reyes v. Ines-Luciano, 28 February 1979

Santero v. CFI, 14 September 1987 How Given Art. 203, par. 3 and Art. 204 Arts. 206-207, Right of Third Persons Who Pay

Lacson v. Lacson, 499 S 677 Art. 208, Contractual Support or Support in A Will X. PARENTAL AUTHORITY AND CUSTODY Patria Potestas, Concept and Evolution Art. 209 Art. XV, Sec. 3 (1) and (2) of 1987 Constitution Child Defined, in rel. to R.A. 7610 and R.A. 9344 Art. 210, Characteristics of Parental Authority Art. 211, Who Exercises Parental Authority and Custody

De Guzman v. Perez, 496 S 474

Tonog v. CA, 7 February 2002

Vancil v. Belmes, 19 June 2001

Bondagjiy v. Bondagjiy, 7 December 2001

Sayala v. Islao, 266 S 317

Effect of Disagreement, Absence / Death, Separation or Termination of Marriage of Parents Arts. 212-213 in rel. to Arts. 49, 50, 62, 63 “Tender –Age Presumption” Rule

Gamboa-Hirsch v. CA, 11 July 2007

Gualberto v. Gualberto, 28 June 2005

Santos v. CA, 242 S 407

Galangco v. CA, 22 December 1997

Silva v. CA, 275 S 604

David v. CA, 250 S 82

Espiritu and LAyug v. CA and Masauding, 15 mArch 1995

Perez v. CA, 255 S 661

Sagala-Eslao v. CA and Cordero-Ouye, 16 January 1997

Oreta v. CA and Dandan, 22 December 1998 Art. 211, par. 2, Duties of Children Art. 215, Filial Privilege Rule Substitute Parental Authority When Applicable Arts. 214, 216, 222 Who May Exercise Arts. 216 and 217 Extent of Authority, Art. 233 Effects of Parental Authority Upon the Persons of the Children Arts. 220-221 in rel. to Art. 219

Libi v. IAC, 18 September 1992




Tamargo v. CA, 209 S 5180

Disciplinary Measures Arts. 22-224 Effects of Parental Authority Upon Property of Children – Ats. 225-227 Adventitious Ordinarious, Adventitious Extra-Ordinarious and Profectitious Property Termination / Suspension of Parental Authority Grounds for Termination Arts. 229, 232 in rel. to R.A 7610 Grounds for Suspension

Landingin v. RP, 493 S 415

Sombong v. CA, 31 January 1996 Special Parental Authority Arts. 218-219 When Applicable Who Exercises Special Parental Authority: Extent of Responsibility / Liability

Aquinas School v. Sps. Inton, 26 January 2011

St. Joseph’s College v. Miranda, 29 June 2010

St. Mary’s Academy v. Carpitanos, 6 February 2002

Amadora v. CA, 160 S 315

Salvosa v. IAC, 5 October 1988

PSBA v. CA, 4 February 1992 Extent of Special Parental Authority Art. 233, par. 2 XI. EMANCIPATION AND AGE OF MAJORITY Concept R.A. 6809 Effects Art. 236 XII. NAMES AND SURNAMES Arts. 364-380, Civil Code of the Philippines in rel. to Art. 178, Revised Penal Code Use of Surname by Women

Remo v. The Honorable Secretary of Foreign Affairs, 5 March 2010

Yasin v. Shai’a District Court, 23 February 1995 Use of Surname by Children

In the Re: Adoption of Stephanie Garcia, 454 S 541

In Re: Julian Lin Wang, 30 March 2005

Similarity / Idenity of Names and Surnames Usurpation of Name / Surname in relation to CA 142

Pp v. Joseph Estrada, 2 April 2009

Cesario Ursua v. CA, 10 April 1996 XIII. ABSENCE Meaning Ordinary Absence and Qualified Absence, Distinguished Stages of Absence Provisional Absence Arts. 381-383, Civil Code of the Philippines Remedies Who May Be Appointed Provisional Representative Declared Absence




Arts. 384-386 Period

Bienvenido v. CA, 24 October 1994 Who May File Effectivity Date Appointment and Powers of Administrator Termination of Administration Contingent Rights of the Absentee Arts. 393-396 Presumptive Death Arts. 390-392 Purpose Periods XIV. CIVIL REGISTER Arts. 407-413 in rel. to R.A. 3753 and R.A 9048 or Clerical Error Law Purpose Entries Probative Value of Civil Register Amendments / Correction of Entries Arts. 376 and 412 in rel. to R.A. 9048

Republic v. Coseteng-Magpayo, 2 February 2011

Silverio v. Republic, 22 October 2007

RP v. Cagandahan, 12 September 2008

In the Re: Change of Name of Julian Wang, 30 March 2005

Lee v. CA, 11 October 2001

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