Land Pollution

Causes of land pollutionImproper disposal of sewage

Countries have difficulty finding suitable places to dispose of the waste.

Where there is insufficient control over the proper disposal of waste, rubbish are either left in public places or illegal dumping grounds.

Semakau Landfill is filled mainly with ash produced by Singapore's four incineration plants, which incinerate the country's waste, shipped there in a covered barge (to prevent the ash from getting blown into the air) every night.

Causes of land pollutionExcessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides

Chemical fertilizers and pesticides pollute the soil.

Pests usually develop resistance to pesticides over time causing farmers to increase the amount of pesticides used. As a result, the problem of soil contamination is worsened.

Effects of land pollutionNegative impact on human

health Eyesore Waste that is

disposed of improperly can be unhygienic

Waste attracts pests such as flies and rats which carries germs and spread diseases.

Effects of water pollutionPoisoning of animals

Useful organisms such as earthworms will be affected.

Birds which feed on earthworm will consume the toxic chemicals as well.

Their reproductive system will be affected.

Eventually, some species of bird will go extinct.

Toxic chemicals