Lab Safety and Usage Training3-D Systems Packaging Research Center

Georgia Institute of Technology

Dean Sutter – Director Operation PRC

Chris White – Laboratory Operations PRC404.385.6231 chris.white@ece.gatech.edu MARC 153

Agenda• Access Protocol

• About Right to Know

• Cleanroom Protocols and Housekeeping

• General Safety Guidelines

• Chemical Safety– Chemical Labeling and Storage– Chemical Spills

• Gas Cylinders

• Violations

• Penalties

• Final Notes

Access ProtocolOn Line Lab Safety Training

http://www.usg.edu/ehs/training/rtkbasic/

http://www.usg.edu/ehs/training/chemical/

http://www.usg.edu/ehs/training/hazwaste/

Provide Certificates to Chris Whitechris.white@ece.gatech.eduMARC room 153

Access to Lab Provided by Class Instructors

Assembly lab – Nitesh Kumbhat Room 340 Tel: 5-0730

Substrate Lab – Hunter Chan

Room 154 Tel: 5-0731

Materials Lab – Raj Pulugurtha Room 341 Tel: 4-2652 Guest Access – Sponsor must come to staff responsible for the lab so that they

are aware that you have a guest in the lab and to explain lab guidelines.

Right To Know

• Georgia Public Employees Hazardous Chemical Protection and Right to Know Law also known as “RTK”.

• RTK is the State equivalent of the Federal Hazard Communication Standard (which does not apply on State Property/to State employees)

• RTK protects your right to information about the chemicals to which you may be exposed while working for the State or attending a State school

• RTK makes organizations accountable for the chemicals that they own, make, or use.

Not covered by RTK Law

• Chemicals being transported in-state as part of a shipment in interstate or intrastate commerce – The DOT regulates shipment of chemicals by a specific set of hazardous material regulations (49CFR 100 -199).

• Chemicals already covered by the Atomic Energy Act

• Alcoholic beverages and articles intended for personal consumption.  

• Consumer products that are used in the workplace in the same manner as normal consumer use.

Cleanroom Protocols All doors are to remain closed except to exit or enter.

Step on the tacky mats when entering the cleanroom.

Keep hair and ears covered with hoods or bonnets.

Personnel with mustaches or beards must wear beard guards in all Prototype Laboratories.

Never open your coveralls in the cleanroom.

Never touch your skin with latex gloves.

No paper products are permitted in the cleanrooms i.e. cardboard, paper, tissues, styrofoam or foam rubber.

No pencils, erasers or retractable pens are permitted in the laboratories.

Ask permission before bringing in or removing anything from the laboratories.

No cosmetics are to be worn in the cleanroom

Store your cleanroom gown in your assigned locker and only wear it in the cleanroom.

House Keeping

Leave the area at least as clean as you found it, if not cleaner

Do not leave samples/solutions on tables and hoods.

Ensure trash containers are closed after use

Turn off room lights when not in use

Use the proper Chemical Spill Kit for cleaning up chemical spills.

Keep work areas free from obstructions

Aisles, hallways and steps are not to be used for storage

General Safety Guidelines

• Emergency Telephone Numbers– GT Police 4-2500– Institute Fire Marshall Michael Hodgson 4-2990– Chemical-Hazard Debbie Wolfe-Lopez 5-2964– Spills/Waste Ed Pozniak 4-6224

• Signs and LabelsDO NOT ENTER - EXPERIMENT IN PROGRESSDO NOT ENTER - LASER IN USETOOL IN USECHEMICAL WARNING LABEL

General Safety GuidelinesEmergency Procedures

Reporting Your name, telephone, building, floor, and room numbers. Condition of any injured individual (e.g. unconscious, burned or

trapped). Type of emergency such as fire, chemical spill and what type.

Notify others in the areaExit LayoutsUse the appropriate Fire Extinguisher Only CO2 extinguishers are available in PRC Labs

First Aid Do not move seriously injured people unless they are in danger of

further injury.

General Safety GuidelinesProtective Clothing and Equipment

Eye Protection• Contact Lenses are not to be worn in the labs• Must wear safety glasses

Gloves• Cleanroom Gloves as not “Chemically Safe”. They are meant to protect the

environment from you, not you from the environment.

Footwear• No open toe or heel and no high heeled shoes allowed.• No canvas or open weave shoes.

Clothing• When using acids DO wear a face shield, acid apron with sleeves and

gloves.• Shorts, skirts and nylon are not permitted!• No bare midriffs, no spaghetti straps• Long hair must be tied back

General Safety GuidelinesProtective Clothing and Equipment

Respirators / Masks

Only to be worn to protect the lab from you.

Will not protect you from dangerous fumes.

Must be certified through EH&S to use respirators.

General Safety Guidelines

Working Alone and Unattended OperationsBuddy System½ Hour call to back-upCall back-up upon leaving

Visitors Need to have escorts at all times

Health and HygieneNo food, drink or smoking is permitted in the labs.No food, drink or flammables are permitted to be stored in

chemical refrigerators.

Key Safety Methods for Chemicals• New Chemicals must be in put into the Chematix system and

labeled with the chemical’s name, owner’s name, date and have a bar code. – See Person in Charge of the Lab

• Mixed chemical bottles must be labeled with the chemical’s names, owner’s name, date and properly filled out safety warning “Diamond”.

• Chemicals must be disposed of properly. No acids, bases or solvents are to go down the drain.– Acid waste is to go into a separate labeled waste container.

– Base waste is to go into a separate labeled waste container.

– Solvent waste is to go into a separate labeled waste container.

– No more than 55 gallons of waste is to be stored at a time.

– If waste containers are full please notify staff.

Chemical Warning Label

Chemical Safety Protocols Use the appropriate glove for your application. (Nitrile

vs Latex)

Always wear safety glasses.

When transferring acids, you must wear safety face shields

No chemicals are to be pipetted by mouth.

DO NOT store chemicals in fume hoods or on work surfaces

Chemicals are to be stored in appropriate containers and in the appropriate chemical storage cabinets.

Chemical Usage

• Provide MSDS information to the lab manager for any new chemicals.

• Read and understand the safety and emergency procedures listed in the MSDS.

• Familiarize yourself with the proper chemical waste disposal procedures before starting your work.

• Identify and procure solvents / neutralizers for all chemicals so that you can clean minor spills immediately and keep work surfaces clean.

Safely working with Chemicals

Know what you are working with!

– How does it react?

– How dangerous is it?

– What is it incompatible with?

– Does it require a fume hood?

– How should it be stored?• Does it need an explosion proof refrigerator?• Does it need an inert atmosphere?

One Rule at Georgia Tech“Label Everything”

• Immediate use containers:– Only last one shift– Never leave your control– Secondary Containers (beakers, flasks)– Label must have:

• Chemical Name• Name of Owner and contact number• Date

• Extended Use Containers:– Any Situation Lasting More Than One Shift – Reagent bottles, Squirt bottles, Spray bottles

• Must Have Permanent Type Sealing Method– Label must have:

• Hazard information - same as NFPA diamond information • Chemical Name• Project Name – due to multiple containers• Name of Owner• Date placed in Storage

• Maximum of 1 container of any individual chemical per project

General Classifications• Toxic• Corrosive • Irritant• Sensitizer• Asphyxiate• Flammable• Reactive• Explosive

Blue indicates the health hazard.RED indicates flammable hazard.Yellow indicates the reactivity hazard.White gives special information such as water or oxidizer incompatibility.

Gas Cylinder Electrical FlammableDo Not Touch

Shower Fire Extinguisher First Aid Eye Wash

Chemical Exposures

Respiratory exposures - move to fresh air

Skin exposures, rinse for 15 minutes

If skin exposures involve a body part that cannot be rinsed under a faucet an emergency shower must be used

If exposed to Hydrofluoric Acid, rinse and apply calcium gluconate – immediately call for an ambulance to Grady Memorial Hospital.

Minor (Spills you can handle)• Notify possibly affected personnel• Clean it up• Bag waste for proper disposal• Replenish Supplies• Examine what went wrong

Major (Get Help)• Medical attention required• Violent on going chemical reaction or fire• Highly dangerous or unknown material• Any situation where you question your own safety

Chemical Spills

Major Spills: What To Do

• Notify personnel in area

• Close fumehood

• Shut off equipment

• Post warning sign

• Pull fire alarm if necessary

• CONTACT GT POLICE (4-2500)

• If possible, remain on or close to phone.

• Exit impacted area, but remain accessible to emergency personnel

Emergency Eyewash Procedures• Shout for help• Hold your eyelids open with your fingers as you rinse

your eyes• Have your helper watch a clock for you to make sure that

you continue to rinse your eyes for a full 15 minutes

Post Eyewash• You must seek medical attention immediately afterwards• GT EH&S recommends you go to Grady Hospital to

ensure proper care• Take a copy of the MSDS with you to the hospital

Emergency Shower Procedures• Shout for Help

• Remove clothing on the way to the shower

• Shower for 15 minutes

• If the need for medical attention is in question, get a helper to– Print out MSDS (4 copies)– Call GT Police at 4-2500 to summon EH&S

• Do not re-don contaminated clothing

• If a chemical enters the eyes then medical attention is REQUIRED

Flammability and Combustibility

• Flash Point- Temperature at which a liquid gives off sufficient vapor to support combustion if provided with a source of ignition

• Flammable: FP below 100oF

• Highly Flammable: FP <73oF BP<100oF

Chemical Waste Disposal• General Waste - trash cans

• Solvents - pour the liquid into the solvent waste container. Add the chemical name to the list on the bottle

• Solvent rags - place in safety step cans. Add the chemical name to the list

• Acid and Bases - dilute with water (1:10 ratio) and dispose in the plastic drain station

• Acid or Caustic rags/wipers - wash them thoroughly with water and dispose in trash can.

• All other chemicals, salts, etc - bring your own waste containers. Label them:

– your name

– contact number

– type of chemical waste

– date and any other important information

• Call 4-0499 to pick up the waste.

• DO NOT DUMP hazardous chemicals in the drains

Waste Organic Solvents

• Bottle it! Use Chematix, contact PRC Laboratory Staff for assistance.

• Unless you are physically standing in front of the waste bottle and adding waste, the bottle must be capped.

• Discard bottle by allowing the residue to evaporate off in the hood then deface and discard into glass trash (lid off)

• Broken Glassware - Glass must be put into Red Poly containers for disposal.

Waste Acids and Bases

• Bottle it!

• Shipping/Storage Bottle must be triple rinsed

• Rinsate (Solution remaining after rinsing) may go down the drain

• Deface the bottle

• Discard (uncapped) into glass trash

Highly Hazardous Waste

• Bottle it!

• Bottle contents are hazardous- treat as hazardous solid waste and call for pick up

• Check www.safety.gatech.edu for the “highly hazardous” list to see what qualifies

Unique Safety Hazards Assembly Lab

• X-ray Exposure*Radiation certification required to operate x-ray equipment

• Burns (Hot/Cold)

• Limb Sever/Eye Injury

• Crush/Pinch

• Fein Focus X-ray Inspection Machines

• Reflow Oven, Thermal Chambers, Hot Press, Placement Systems, Ultrasonic Bonder

• WaterJet, Dage Tester

• Placement Tool, Hot Press, Reflow Oven,

Placement Systems

Unique Safety Hazards Substrate Lab

• Laser and Ultraviolet Light (Eye Safety)

• Chemical and Eye Safety

• Burns

• Cuts

• Laser Drill, Tamarack Exposure Tool

• Technics, Plating Lines, Fume Hoods, Spin

Coaters

• Ovens, Hot Plates, Vacuum Laminator

• Broken Glassware

Using Gas Cylinders

• Gas cylinders must be restrained with a chain or strap between the “waist” and “shoulder” of the cylinder.

• Remove regulators and cap cylinders before moving.

• Cap unused cylinders

• Never use grease or Teflon tape on cylinder fittings

• The cylinder (not the cap) must be labeled as to contents. Do not rely on cylinder color to identify the contents. Color identi vary between manufacturers.

• Fittings vary between gas types: toxic, corrosive, inert, flammable, oxidizing.

• Never force a fitting. If it has to be forced, it is probably the wrong type.

• Always use non-sparking tools around flammables and oxidizers.

Using Gas Cylinders

• Mishandled cylinders may rupture violently, release their hazardous contents or become dangerous projectiles.

• If a neck of a pressurized cylinder should be accidentally broken off, the energy released would be sufficient to propel the cylinder to over 3/4 of a mile in height.

• A standard 250 cubic foot cylinder pressurized to 2,500 PSIG can become a rocket attaining a speed of over 30 miles per hour in a fraction of a second after venting from the broken cylinder connection

MYTHBUSTERS

• A compressed air cylinder can…

• Myth statement Status Notes…blast through a concrete wall.

• The MythBusters constructed a launch tube and perfected shearing off the cylinder's valve, the cylinder shot entirely through their constructed cinder block wall and damaged the solid concrete wall behind it. The MythBusters were also aware of recorded instances of such instances happening.

Confirm

ed

Violations

• Not wearing the safety glasses in the Substrate Lab.

• What is the violation?

• The correct way is to be fully gowned to include safety glasses at all times.

Violations• Pouring chemicals into beakers next to the cabinets?

• What is the violation?

• The correct way is to pour the chemicals into beakers in the fume hoods.

Violations

• Cell phone use in the Substrate lab – 158 Cleanroom.

• What is the violation?

• The correct way is to not open your gown inside the cleanroom to get your cell phone out. The cell phone should be wiped down with a texwipe and isopropanol before being carried into the cleanroom. Otherwise please use your phone in the gowning area.

Violations

• Fume hoods and other areas left messy.

• What is the violation?

• The correct way is to:

Please clean up after yourself!

Violations

• Sulfuric Acid in the Base cabinet.

• What is the violation?

• The correct way is put it back in the correct cabinet!– Acids in Acid Cabinet, – Bases in Base Cabinet,– Solvents in the Flammables Cabinet.– Oxidizers in Corrosives Cabinet

Violations

• People having their heads in the fume hoods while working with chemicals.

• What is the violation?

• The correct way is:Never place your head inside a fume hood.

Windows are for splash and fume protection – 18” height only

Penalties

Consequences of failure to follow protocols:1st offense is a verbal warning.

2nd offense is a verbal warning and notification to advisor or supervisor as appropriate.

3rd offense is expulsion from lab, advisor notification, and written request to re-enter by advisor or supervisor.

REMEMBER

• THERE IS NO SUCH THING AS AN ACCIDENT!

ONLY NEGLECT TO ACT PROPERLY

• WORKING SAFELY IS NO ACCIDENT!

Final Notes

Safety prevails over all other judgment.

Use good common sense and be considerate to others.

If in doubt please ask PRC staff for assistance.