l05_faultmodeling (5 days).ppt

7/28/2019 L05_FaultModeling (5 days).ppt

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Petrel workflow tools – 5 days introduction

course

Fault

Modeling

Pillar

Gridding

Zonation and

Layering

Facies

Modeling

Petrophysical

ModelingWell

Design

Volume

CalculationPlotting

Well

Correlation

Data Import

I n t r o

t o

P e t r e l

E

d i t I n p u t D a t a



Fault Modeling Overview



Fault Modeling Fault geometries

• Single faults

• Branching faults

• Crossing faults

• Faults dying out laterally

• Faults dying out vertically

• Reverse faults and normal faults• Vertical, linear, listric and curved

faults

• Truncating faults vertically -

various types

• Eroded faults



Top Shape Point

Mid Shape Point

Base Shape Point

Line between Pillars

Fault Modeling Key Pillars



Fault Modeling Fault shapes

Vertical fault Listric faultLinear fault Curved fault



Fault sticks Digitize on surface

Digitize on 3D lines Digitize on X-sectionDigitize on seismic

Fault Modeling Input types

Polygons and/or well tops



+ Shift

’Create fault from Fault

Polygons’

Fault Modeling Input - Fault polygons



+ Shift

Fault Modeling Input - Fault sticks



Fault Modeling Input – 2D grids



Fault Modeling Input - Seismic



Select entire Key Pillar

Select one shape point

Add new Key Pillar

between

Add new Key Pillar to end

Fault Modeling Editing Key Pillars



Connect two faults

Disconnect faults

Fault Modeling Connecting faults



Adjust shape points Adjust Key Pillars

Fault Modeling Connecting - Laterally



Fault Modeling Automatic fault connection

The Extend distance is the

distance the faults are extended

to see if they reach and intersect

other faults

The Remove distance is the

minimum distance between two

inserted Key Pillars



Fault Modeling Tying to well cuts



Fault Modeling Philosophy of Key Pillar editing; Summary

Philosophy:

• Use as few Key Pillars as possible.• Use as few shape points as possible.

• Use enough Key Pillars and shape points to define the fault’s

form.

Remember:

• If the fault is not right and you must edit, the more pillars andshape points you have the harder those edits will be!



Fault Modeling Summary

Fault modeling in Petrel is a drawing process where files representing fault data areused to define the initial form of the fault. The user creates these faults by using Key

Pillars. This is a roughly vertical line in the plane of the fault that is defined by 2, 3, or 5 points (shape points). A series of Key Pillars joined together laterally define theshape and aerial extent of a fault.

Once the Key Pillars are defined and joined for all faults, pillar gridding is performedwith only the Key Pillars used as fault input. This creates the 3D framework of cells.Each corner of a stack of cells is referred to as a pillar. These pillars are not the KeyPillars used to define the faults (although a few select Key Pillars are used in the final

set of pillars) but are very close to those starting pillars.

From this discussion it can be seen that fault models in Petrel approximate the input fault data but never actually use that data in the final construction of the fault models.Rather, the Key Pillars (an approximation of the data) are used to build the faultsurfaces in the final 3D grid. This normally does not create problems as long as theKey Pillars have been built to accurately represent the original data. A benefit of thisapproach is that when multiple data sources are available for the same fault and those

sources are in conflict with one another, those conflicts are not reflected in the final fault model.



Fault Modeling

Exercise

l05_faultmodeling (5 days).ppt

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