KWAZULU NATAL

UMZINYATHI DISTRICTPROFILE

Table of Contents1. Demographic Information...................................................................................................... 3

2. Social Determinants of Health................................................................................................ 5

3. Service delivery platform ....................................................................................................... 6

3.1Facility Types Sub-Districts................................................................................................. 6

3.2 Trend of Public Health Expenditure ................................................................................ 11

3.3 Trend of Health Services Delivery ................................................................................... 12

4. Performance on Priority Indicators 2010/11........................................................................ 13

5. Glossary ............................................................................................................................... 16

6. Indicator Definitions ............................................................................................................ 17

-40000 -30000 -20000 -10000 0 10000 20000 30000 40000

0-4 yrs5-9 yrs

10-14 yrs15-19 yrs20-24 yrs25-29 yrs30-34 yrs35-39 yrs40-44 yrs45-49 yrs50-54 yrs55-59 yrs60-64 yrs65-69 yrs70-74 yrs75-79 yrs

80+ yrs

Number

Age

Mid-Year Population 2011

Female Male

1. Demographic Information

Umzinyathi is deep rural and has a mountainous topography with poor basic infrastructure. Umzinyathi Health District isbordered by Amajuba in the North, Zululand to the North East, Ilembe to the South East, Umgungundlovu to the Southand Uthukela to the West. It is situated in an underdeveloped rural environment with little economic growth and a lowpopulation density at 65 people per square kilometer. The two major towns in this sub district are Greytown andDundee which provide a small scale urban setting.

The total population of the District is 514 840 according to the Stats SA (Mid-year 2011), with 95% of thepopulation being uninsured – calculated to 484 351. 13% account for children less than five years, 7% accountfor sixty years and above and 55% of the population are females, 45% are males. 72% of the population isunder 35 years of age. Approximately 82% of the population is located within the rural areas and the povertyindex is at 93%.

Demographic Data

Geographical area 7,922.3 Km2

Total Population (Midyear 2011 DHIS) 514,840

Population density (Midyear 2011) 65.0/Km2

Percentage of population with medical insurance (General Household Survey 2007) 5.0%

Afrikaans ,1%

English ,3%

IsiZulu ,93%

Sesotho ,3%

Main Languages Census 2001

The main language spoken in Umzinyathidistrict is IsiZulu (93%).

Age Household Head

19 Years andyounger 20-24 Years 25-39 Years 40-64 Years 65 Years and

older1.8% 4.2% 23.1% 51.6% 19.1%

0%

50%

100%

No incomeor

less thanR4 800

R4,801-R38,400

R38,400-R153,600

R153,600-R614,400

R614,400and more

Resposenot given

13%

69%

13% 2% 0.3% 4%

Annual Household Income Community Survey 2007

1

Least Deprived Most Deprived2 3 4 5

Deprivation Index DHB 2007

0

2. Social Determinants of Health

According to the Deprivation Index released by HST for 2008/09, the district of Umzinyathi was the mostdeprived district in South Africa. 33.3% of households do not have access to improved sanitation, 64% ofhouseholds do not have access to electricity for lighting and 52.7% live in traditional and informal dwellings.

According to the Community Survey 2007, 13% of the population live with an annual income below R4,800 orless than R 400 per month

Basic services indicators CommunitySurvey 2007

Percentage traditional and informal dwelling, shacks and squatter settlement 52.7%

Percentage households without access to improved sanitation 33.3%

Percentage households without Access to Piped Water 43.4%Percentage households without access to electricity for lighting 64.1%Percentage households without refuse removal by local authority/private company 77.9%

3. Service delivery platform3.1Facility Types Sub-Districts

Sub Districts Management Clinic DistrictHospital

MobileService

SpecialisedTB Hospital

GrandTotal

Endumeni Province Facility 8 1 2 11Msinga Province Facility 15 1 3 19Nquthu Province Facility 13 1 3 17

Umvoti Province Facility 9 1 3 1 14Municipality Facility 2 2

Grand Total 47 4 11 1 63

There are 4 district hospitals, 1 TB hospital, 47 fixed clinics, 11 mobile clinics. There are no MOUs, CHCs, CDCsin Umzinyathi. The total PHC headcount was 1,289,918 in 2010/11 as compared to 1,468,468 in the previousreporting period of which 30.1% is under 5 years old as compared to 23.5% in 2009/10. The Provincialgovernment is in the process of taking over the Local government clinics. Endumeni has been taken over fullywhile Umvoti still in process.

Umzinyathi has no Regional hospitals and therefore have no specialists services. There are 2.4 FTE medicalofficers who visit facilities at least once per month. No clinics are as yet visited on a weekly basis due to majorshortage of doctors in the district.

The total district population served by the 4 hospitals is 512 743. There are a total of 1154 beds in thesehospitals. The separations have decreased from 43 049 to 38 421 in 2010/11.

3.2 Trend of Public Health ExpenditurePHC (non-hospital) expenditure per capita, uses a subset oftotal PHC expenditure; most importantly it excludes DHSexpenditure on HIV, nutrition, coroner services and districthospitals.

Umzinyathi had relatively low per capita expenditure, belowthe provincial and national averages, especially in 2010/11.

The PHC expenditure per patient visit indicator measures theaverage cost of a patient visit to a primary care facility. Thecost per patient visit is in line with provincial averages, butbelow national average since 2008/09.

The district’s PDE for district hospitals are below national andprovincial averages.

The proportion of total district health expenditure on districtmanagement is influenced by provincial policies on budgetallocation, or by systematic provincial differences in howvarious types of expenditure are coded. The district’sexpenditure on district management is in line with provincialaverages, but far below national average.

3.3 Trend of Health Services Delivery

The primary health care (PHC) utilisation rateindicators measures the average number of PHCvisits per person per year to a public PHC facility.The target for the South African public healthsector is 3.5 PHC visits per person per year.Umzinyathi district’s utilisation rate has increasedpast 4 financial years and is in line with provincialand national averages. Utilisation and accessibilityin the deep rural areas of the district is lower dueto traveling distances and sparsely populatedcommunities.

The PHC under 5 utilisation rates are abovenational and provincial averages and in past 4financial years.

Supervisory visits provide a system for identifyingand addressing problems at facility level. Thesupervisory and support visits to facilities ensureimproved compliance with clinical protocols andquality standards. These visits also ensureimprovement in the National Core Standardswhich will eventually result in facilities beingaccredited.

The supervision rate has decreased steadily in thepast 4 financial years in Umzinyathi. Endumeni sub-district which has the least number of clinics has the highestpercentage of supervisory visits, followed by Msinga at 86.3% and Nquthu at 72.2% and the lowest supervisory visits forUmvoti sub district. There has been a severe shortage of vehicles at Umvoti in this financial year and thus the low rate.Endumeni clinics are all close by and the supervisor has a subsidized vehicle which has helped to improve thesupervision rate. Unfortunately other sub district supervisors do not have subsidized vehicles and depend on the poolvehicles, which are not always available to them.

4. Performance on Priority Indicators 2010/11

The charts below are constructed using statistical process control (SPC) principles and use control limits to indicate variation from the national average (as well as nationaltarget where available). The purpose of this type of display is to give feedback on the performance of the district compared to the performance range of all 52 districts forthe period under review (2010/11) for selected priority indicators. The display shows one standard deviation (68%), two standard deviation (95%) and three standarddeviation (99.8%) control limits. Values within the 1SD below or above national average are said to display 'normal cause variation' in that variation from the mean can beconsidered to be random. Values outside these limits (in the darker green or orange sections) are said to display 'special cause variation' at a two standard deviation level,and a cause other than random chance should be considered. Values outside these sections (in the dark green or red sections) also display 'special cause variation' but atagainst a more stringent test. Variation at the two standard deviation level can be considered to raise an alert, and variation at the three standard deviation level to raisean alarm.

Positive ExtremeOutlier

Much better thanexpected

Better than expected Good Below average Poorer than expectedMuch poorer than

expectedNegative Extreme

Outlier

>-3σ -3σ -2σ -1σ 1σ 2σ 3σ >3σ

* Values that fall in the positive standard deviations are good for certain indicators e.g. Immunisation coverage where higher is better, but the opposite is true for indicatorsthat measures disease burdens or e.g. PCR test positive at 6 weeks rate where lower (negative standard deviations) is better. For other indicators like ALOS both too high or too

low is bad and the "good range" will fall in both 1SD and -1SD. Performance should therefore be interpreted in conjunction with the colours codes above.

This diamondrepresents thevalue for thedis trict

The black vertical barrepresents the

National average for alldis tricts in 2010/11

If a district is in this rangetheir rate is better * thanexpected (2SD or 95%)

If a district is in this rangetheir rate is much better *than expected by chance(99.8% or 3SD)

If a district is in thisrange their rate i s anoutl ier

Red vertical barrepresents theNational target

If a district is in this rangetheir rate is a lot poorer*than expected (99.8% or -3SD)

If a district is in thisrange their rate i spoorer* than expected(-2SD or 95%)

If a district is in this rangetheir rate is an outlier

If a district is in thisrange their rate i sgood* (1SD or68%)

If a district is in thisrange their rate i sbelow average* (1SDor 68%)

Indicator Period Districtvalue

Nationalaverage Chart Comment

Utilisation rate - PHC(annualised)

2010/11 2.5 2.4 0.8 3.9In the 2 SD above Nationalaverage range (very good)but below national targetof 3.5

Utilisation rate under 5years - PHC (annualised)

2010/11 4.9 4.5 3 6.61SD above Nationalaverage range (good) butbelow National target of5.5

Percentage of CHCs witha resident doctor

2010/11 14.7% 0 58.3 100NO CHCs in district

Fixed PHC facilities witha monthly supervisoryvisits rate

2010/11 70.8% 86% 2.6 103.1 1 SD above nationalaverage (good), but belownational target of 100%

Immunisation coverageunder 1 year(annualised)

2010/11 92.9% 90% 50.1 128.9 In the 1SD above Nationalaverage (good) and abovenational target

Vitamin A coverage 12-59 months (annualised)

2010/11 33% 34.7% 17 61.6 In the 1SD below Nationalaverage range and farbelow national target.

Measles 1st dose under1 year coverage(annualised)

2010/11 99.8% 95% 65 133 1SD above national average(good) and above nationaltarget

PCV 3rd dose coverage(annualised)

2010/11 81.1% 72% 24.8 118.6 In the 1SD above averagerange (good) but belowNational target.

RV 2nd dose coverage(annualised)

2010/11 84.6% 90% 24.4 115 In the 1SD above averagerange (good) but belowNational target.

Facility maternalmortality

2010/11 73 138.2 0 429 1SD below national target(good)

Facility Infant (under 1year) mortality rate

2010/11 9.8 8.1 1.4 22.6 In the 1SD above theNational average.Reporting on this indicator

Indicator Period Districtvalue

Nationalaverage Chart Comment

poor country wide.

Facility Child (under 5years) mortality rate

2010/11 9.7 5.5 0.5 23.9In the 1SD above theNational average (poor).Reporting on this indicatorpoor country wide.

Couple year protectionrate

2010/11 28% 31.6% 20.5 68.9In the 1SD below theNational average (poor)and far below Nationaltarget.

Delivery in facility under18 years rate

2010/11 7.8 8.1 5.5 14.2 In the 1SD below nationalaverage (good)

Cervical cancerscreening coverage(annualised)

2010/11 109.4% 52.2% 23.7 109.4

In the 3SD above Nationalaverage range (excellent)and best performingdistrict in country on thisindicator.

Antenatal visits before20 weeks rate

2010/11 36.8% 37.5%24.4 67.9

1SD below national averagerange (very good), butbelow the national targetof 70%.

Baby PCR positive at 6weeks rate

2010/11 4.8% 7.6%0 43.9

In the 1SD below nationalaverage range (good) andin line with national targetof 5%.

Male condomdistribution rate

2010/11 13.9 14.8 4.6 52.6 In the 1SD below nationalaverage and below nationaltarget of 15%

Bed utilisation Rate 2010/11 53.8% 65.4%41.5 89.3

In the 2SD below nationalaverage range (very poor)and far below nationaltarget of 75%

Average Length of Stay 2010/11 5.9 4.21.2 7.3 In the 2SD above national

average range (poor) andabove national target of 3.5

Caesarean Section rate 2010/11 22.4% 19%0 47.4 In the 1SD above national

average (good) but abovenational target of 15%

5. GlossaryDeprivation indices and socio-economic data

The deprivation index is a measure of relative deprivation across districts within South Africa. Just as any index, the deprivation index is acomposite measure derived from a set of variables. Variables included in the analysis are considered to be indicators of material and socialdeprivation. The deprivation indicesfor this report were generated using StatsSA’s GHS and 2007 Community Survey (CS) data and have been calculated in such a way that the indicesare directly comparable to the deprivation indices generated from the 2005 GHS data. This therefore provides three years of deprivation trenddata. To simplify interpretation, the deprivation index was normalised such that the district that is least deprived has a deprivation index of 1.Districts with higher values are relatively more deprived than districts with lower values. The score itself does not have any intrinsic meaning, butthe relative scores show which districts are more deprived than others and can be used to rank districts. Each district was thus ranked according tolevels of deprivation and categorised into socioeconomic quintiles (SEQ). Districts that fall into quintile 1 (worst off) are the most deprived districts.Those that fall into quintile 5 are the least deprived (best off).

Since there is no official consensus on a single measure of poverty or deprivation, an additional indicator is included with the deprivation index.This is the percentage of households with access to piped water. This indicator is provided from both the GHS and the CS data up to 2007.Unfortunately no new district level data for the deprivation index or access to piped water has been collected since 2007, thus the socio-economicquintiles from 2007 have been used for each of the years thereafter to enable on-going analysis of equity according to socio-economic status.

Variables included in the calculating the deprivation index were:• The proportion of the district’s population that are children below the age of five• The proportion of the district’s population that are black Africans• The proportion of household heads in the district that are females• The proportion of household heads in the district that has no formal education• The proportion of working-age population within the district that is unemployed (• The proportion of the district’s population that lives in a traditional dwelling, informal shack or tent• The proportion of the district’s population that has no piped water in their house or on site• The proportion of the district’s population that has a pit or bucket toilet or no form of toilet• The proportion of the district’s population that does not have access to electricity, gas or solar power for lighting, heating or cooking.

District boundaries and maps

Geographic information from the Municipal Demarcation Board is used to define district and provincial boundaries and is the same as is followedby the DHIS.For some DHB indicators such as the deprivation index, old demarcation boundary data was used.

Averages

It is important to note that all averages (provincial, national, metro and ISRDP) are weighted averages, based on the total numerator anddenominator for all the sub-areas included, and are thus not averages of the district indicator values.

Financial year and calendar year

Some indicators are displayed for (April – March), which is the financial year of the Department of Health. Indicators for financial years areannotated as 2010/11. Other sources such as the TB datafrom ETR.net, antenatal HIV survey, water quality and cause of death data cover acalendar year (January – December). Data from StatsSA surveys are for the period of the census or survey.

Finance indicators

All expenditure trends over time used from the DHB have been adjusted for inflation, and figures are quoted in real 2010/11 prices, unlessindicated otherwise.

6. Indicator Definitions

Indicator name Indicator definition Numerator description Denominator description Source

Depr

ivat

ion

Deprivation Index The deprivation index is acomposite index of deprivationusing StatsSA Census andhousehold survey, recalculated toa district level.

Health Economics Unit,UCT- based on data fromStatsSACensus 2001, GHS andCommunity Survey

Basic

serv

ices

Percentage traditional andinformal dwelling, shacksand squatter settlement

Number of households that areinformal dwellings, shacks orsquatter settlements aspercentage of total households

Total number of informaldwellings, shacks orsquatter settlements

Total number ofhouseholds

Community Survey 2007

Percentage householdswithout access to improvedsanitation

Number of households that donot have access to improvedsanitation (bucket, pit latrine orno toilet facilities) as percentageof total households

Total number ofhouseholds withoutaccess to improvedsanitation.

Total number ofhouseholds

Community Survey 2007

Percentage householdswithout Access to PipedWater

Number of households that donot have access to piped waterwithin 200m from dwelling aspercentage of total households

Number of householdswithout access to pipedwater

Total number ofhouseholds

Community Survey 2007

Percentage householdswithout access toelectricity for lighting

Number of households that donot have access to electricity forlighting (as proxy of availability ofelectricity in community) aspercentage of total households

Number of householdswithout access toelectricity for lighting

Total number ofhouseholds

Community Survey 2007

Percentage householdswithout refuse removal bylocal authority/privatecompany

Number of households that donot have access to refuse removalby local authority/privatecompany

Number of householdswithout refuse removalby localauthority/privatecompany

Total number ofhouseholds

Community Survey 2007

Fina

nce Cost per Patient Day in

district hospitalsAverage cost per patient per dayseen in a hospital(Expressed as Rand per patientday equivalent).

Total expenditure onhealth district hospitalsPercentage of District

Patient day equivalent -Total

BAS, NW financial data,DHIS

Indicator name Indicator definition Numerator description Denominator description SourcePercentage of DistrictHealthExpenditure on DistrictManagement

Percentage of total district healthservices spent on districtmanagement

Provincial expenditureon DistrictManagement

Total provincialexpenditure onDistrict Health Services

BAS, NW financial data

Non-hospital PHCexpenditureper capita

Total amount spent on non-hospital PHC health services perperson without medical schemecoverage. PHC (non-hospital)expenditure per capita, uses asubset of total PHC expenditure;most importantly it excludes DHSexpenditure on HIV, nutrition,coroner services and districthospitals

Provincial expenditureon the following sub-programmes of DHS(district management,clinics, CHCs, communitybased services and othercommunity services)plus nett localgovernment expenditureon PHC

Uninsured population(totalpopulation less medicalschemecoverage x population)

Calculated from BAS, NWfinancial data, Treasurydata on LG exp, DHISpopulation and StatsSAGHS medical schemecoverage

Non-hospital PHCexpenditureper patient visit

Total amount spent on non-hospital PHC health services perprimary health care visit. The PHCexpenditure per patient visitindicator measures the averagecost of a patient visit to a primarycare facility. In practice it is theaverage cost to the health serviceof a patient visit to a communityhealth centre (CHC), clinic,satellite clinic or mobile clinic,excluding district hospitals butincluding the cost of managingthe district. This indicator’snumerator is thus the total cost ina particular district of running allthese facilities for a year. Thedenominator is the total PHCheadcount for these facilities forthe same year. It does not takeinto account the patient case mixfound in practice.

Provincial expenditureon the following sub-programmes of DHS(district management,clinics, CHCs, communitybased services and othercommunity services)plus nett localgovernment expenditureon PHC

Total PHC headcount Calculated from BAS, NWfinancial data, Treasurydata on LG expenditure,DHIS PHC headcount

Indicator name Indicator definition Numerator description Denominator description SourceIn

sura

nce Medical scheme coverage Percentage of population who

have medical schemeinsurance

Modelled from StatsSAGHS

Util

isatio

n

ALOS: Average length ofstay(district hospitals)

The average number of patientdays that an admitted patientspends in hospital beforeseparation. If the ALOS ispersistently high it suggests thatpatients spend too much time inhospital either because they arenot timeously discharged orappropriately treated resulting inlonger recovery times, or they arenot discharged when they shouldbe. Admission, treatment anddischarge procedures shouldtherefore be reviewed. If theALOS is persistently low (less than1.5 days), it could mean thatpatients are discharged earlierthan they should be, or referralrates to other hospitals are high.

Inpatient days + 1/2 Daypatients

Separations - Discharges+ Deaths+ Transfers out + Daypatients

DHIS NDoH5 (data forDistrictHospitals only)

BUR: Usable bed utilisationrate (district hospitals)

The number of patient daysduring the reporting period,expressed as a percentage of thesum of the daily numberof useable beds. (Comment: Thecalculation here is anapproximation - it assumes (1) aday patient occupies a bedfor half a day, (2) there are always30 days in a month. A very highbed utilisation rate (BUR)suggests that the hospital is verybusy and that the quality of careprovided to the patients may becompromised due to insufficient

Total patient days -(Inpatient days+ 1/2 Day patients) x 100

Total usable bed days DHIS NDoH5 (data forDistrict Hospitals only)

Indicator name Indicator definition Numerator description Denominator description Sourcestaff to provide optimal care topatients. A very low BUR maysuggest that the hospital is under-utilised either because there is noneed for the service in the area,or because patients choose not touse the hospital.

PHC utilisation rate The rate at which PHC servicesare utilised by the catchmentpopulation, represented as theaverage number of visits perperson per year in the catchmentpopulation. The denominator isusually Census-derivedpopulation estimates. It iscalculated by dividing the PHCtotal annual headcount by thetotal catchment population. Thetarget for the South African publichealth sector is 3.5 PHC visits perperson per year.

PHC total headcount Total population DHIS NDoH5

PHC under 5 yearutilisation rate

The rate at which PHC servicesare utilised by children under 5years in the catchmentpopulation, represented as theaverage number of PHC visits perchild under 5 per year in thetarget population. Thedenominator is usually Census-derived population estimates.

PHC headcount under 5years

Total population below 5years

DHIS NDoH5

Man

agem

ent

Fixed PHC facilities with amonthly supervisory visitrate

Proportion of fixed PHC facilitiesvisited by a dedicatedclinic supervisor, who performs avisit according to the clinicSupervision manual. The targetfor monthly visits is 100%.

Number of fixed PHCfacilities visited at leastonce

Number of fixed PHCfacilities

Chi

ld He alt

h

Measles 1st dose coverage The percentage of children whoreceived their 1st measles

Measles 1st dose under1 year

Target population under1 year

DHIS NDoH5

Indicator name Indicator definition Numerator description Denominator description Sourcedose (normally at 9 months) -annualised.

Diarrhoea incidence under5 years

The number of children withdiarrhoea per 1 000 children inthe catchment population.

Diarrhoea cases under 5years -new

Population under 5 years DHIS NDoH5

Severe malnutrition under5 years incidence

The number of children whoweigh below 60% ExpectedWeight for Age (new cases thatmonth) per 1 000 children inthe target

Severe malnutritionunder 5 years- new

Target population under5 years

DHIS NDoH5

Pneumonia under 5 yearsincidence

Children under 5 years diagnosedwith pneumonia, per 1,000children in the catchmentpopulation

Pneumonia under 5years - new ambulatory

Target population under5 years

DHIS NDoH5

Mat

erna

l Hea

lth

Perinatal mortality rate infacility

The perinatal mortality rate(PNMR) is the number ofperinatal deaths per 1 000 births.Perinatal deaths are the sum ofstillbirths plus early neonataldeaths (<7 days). The perinatalperiod starts as the beginning offoetal viability (28 weeksgestation or 1 000g) and ends atthe end of the 7th day afterdelivery

Stillbirths and Inpatientearly neonatal deaths infacility

Total births in facility DHIS NDoH5

Delivery rate in facility The percentage of deliveriestaking place in health facilitiesunder supervision of trainedpersonnel. The number ofchildren under one year,factorised by 1.07 due to infantmortality, is used as an estimatedproxy denominator for expecteddeliveries per month.

Deliveries in facility All expected deliveries intarget population

DHIS NDoH5

Antenatal coverage The proportion of pregnantwomen coming for at least oneantenatal visit. The censusnumber of children under one

Antenatal 1st visit Children under one yearfactorised by 1.15

DHIS NDoH5

Indicator name Indicator definition Numerator description Denominator description Sourceyear factorised by 1.15 is used asa proxy denominator - the extra0.15 (15%) is a rough estimate tocater for late miscarriages (~10 to28 weeks), still births (after 28weeks gestation), and infantmortality.

Couple year protection rate The couple year protection rate isa composite indicator of thedifferent contraceptive methods.The numerator is contraceptiveyears equivalent and thedenominator is the female targetpopulation (between 15 and 44years). It is measured as apercentage and reflects theavailability, accessibility andacceptability of reproductivehealth services and serves asproxy indicator for MDG 5b.

Contraceptive yearsequivalent

Female target population(between 15 and 44years).

DHIS NDoH5

TB

Smear conversion rate(new Smear positive PTBclients)

The smear conversion rate (SCR)is the percentage of new smearpositive PTB cases that are smearnegative after two months ofanti-TB treatment and aretherefore no longer infectious.

Number of new PTBcases who were positivebefore startingtreatment but show anegative smear after 2months treatment

Total number of newsmear positive casesregistered during thespecified time.

NDoH TB Directorate

TB cure rate (new smearpositive PTB clients)

The proportion of new smearpositive PTB patients whocompleted treatment and wereproven to be cured (which meansthat they had two negative

The number of initiallysmear positive patientswho converted tonegative smears at twoor three months after

Total number of new PTBsmear positive casesstarted on treatmentduring the specified time.

NDoH TB Directorate

Indicator name Indicator definition Numerator description Denominator description Sourcesmears on separate occasions atleast 30 days apart).

starting treatmentBO

D

Percentage of deaths dueto communicable diseases,maternal, HIV/TB, non-communicable diseasesand injuries

The proportion of deaths due tocommunicable diseases /maternal, HIV/TB, non-communicable diseases andinjuries.

Number of deaths due tocommunicable diseases/maternal, HIV/TB, non-communicable diseasesand injuries.

Total number of deaths StatsSA Causes of Death