€¦ · {]kvxm-h\ cu ]pkvx-i-Øn-s\mcp ]cn-n-b-s∏-sp-Ø¬ bh-iy-an-√. axn-s\-∏‰n axp-xs∂...

$: €¦ · {]kvXm-h\ Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn-s\mcp ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Ø¬ Bh-iy-an-√. AXn-s\-∏‰n AXp-Xs∂ th≠-t]mse kwkm-cn-®p-sIm-≈pw. F∂m¬, \µn {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-I-sb$
k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

hnh¿ØI≥:

hn. A–p¬ Jøqw

lZvdØv an¿km _io¿ AlvaZv

]km-[-I¿

Ckvemw C‚¿\mjW¬ ]ªnt°j≥kv

tIcf

SANMARGA DARSHINI

(Malayalam Translation of THABLIGH-E-HIDAYATH)

Religious study

Author : Hadhrat Mirza Bashir Ahmad M.A

Translated by: V. Abdul Qayyoom

Printed at: Orange Offset Printers,Calicut

Published by: Islam International Publications- Kerala

Fort Road,Kannur-670001

6th Edition : 2016

Copies: 2000

Price : 120/-

ISBN: 9788-1791-22884

]kvXm-h\

Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn-s\mcp ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Ø¬ Bh-iy-an-√.

AXn-s\-∏‰n AXp-Xs∂ th≠-t]mse kwkm-cn-®p-sIm-≈pw.F∂m¬, \µn ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-I-sb∂ Hcp ISa \n¿∆-ln-°m-\p-≠v.

Fs¥-∂m¬, ""\nßƒ \µnbp≈hcm-sW-¶n¬ \n›-b-ambpw

Rm≥ \nßƒ°v (A-\p-K-lw) h¿≤n-∏n-®p-Xcpw'' F∂v A√mlphpw, ""P\-ß-tfmSv \µn-bn-√m-Ø-h≥ ssZh-tØmSpw \µn-bn-√m-

Ø-h-\m-Ip∂p'' F∂v \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\nbpw DZvt_m-[n-∏n-°p-∂p.

AXn\m¬, Cu KŸ-Øns‚ ]kn-≤o-I-c-W-Øn\v mKy-ta-Inbk¿∆-i-‡-\mb A√m-lp-hns\ H∂m-a-Xmbn kvacn-®p-sIm-≈p-

∂p. Ahs‚ ]tXy-I-amb A\p-Klw D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-s√-¶n¬

CXv ]cn-`m-j-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ F\n°v Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.

æ]ÖvÛ‚Ö×äÂ×oƒ]ÖÔc≠m-a-Xm-bn, CXns‚ ]kn-≤o-I-c-W-Øn\v A\p-hmZw X∂

KŸ-Im-c-t\m-Sp≈ \µnbpw ChnsS tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≈p-∂p.]kn-≤o-I-c-W-Øn\p A\p-hm-Z-am-h-iy-s∏-´p-sIm≠v Rms\-gp-

Xnb IØn\v ]nXr-Xp-ey-amb hm’-ey-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn, 21.3.1953-

˛¬ At±lw Ab® adp-]-Sn-bn¬ ]d-bp-I-bmWv:˛

""......"X_veosK lnZm-bØv' ae-bm-f-Øn¬ ]cn- m-j-s∏-SpØn

]kn≤w sNøm≥ Rm≥ Xm¶ƒ°v kk-t¥mjw A\p-hmZw

X∂p-sIm-≈p-∂p. ]Nm-cWw A[n-I-a-[nIw hn]p-e-am-Ip-∂Xv F\n°vG‰hpw kt¥m-j-ap-s≈mcp Imcy-am-Wv. Xm¶-fpsS Cu DZy-asØ

A√mlp hnP-bn-∏n-°p-Ibpw ^e-]-Z-am-°p-Ibpw sNø-s´.''

aq∂m-a-Xmbn, Cu ]cn-`m-j-bpsS ssIsø-gp-Øp-tIm∏n aqe-K-Ÿ-hp-ambn HØp-t\m°n Bh-iy-amb Xncp-Ø-ep-Iƒ sNbvXp-

X∂ auehn A–p-√mlv kmln_v F®v.-F-tbm-Sp≈ \µnbpw

ChnsS tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≈p-∂p. Xs‚ A\m-tcm-Kyw hI-sh-°m-sXbpw a‰p tPmen-Iƒ \ndp-Øn-sh-®p-sIm-≠p-amWv Fs‚

At]-£-]-Imcw At±-l-an-Xns‚ ]cn-tim-[\ \n¿∆-ln-®p-X-

∂-Xv. A√mlp At±-l-Øn\v ]Xn-^ew \evI-s´. (B-ao≥)

tImgn-t°mSv ]cn-`m-j-I≥

1.8.1953

lZvdØv an¿km _io¿ AlvaZv kmln_v Fw.F(d) hmKvZØv alvZo ako

lv(A)s‚ kphm¿Ø \¬Is∏´ ]pX∑mcn¬ Dƒs∏Sp∂p. At±lØns‚

P\\Øns‚ 5 amkßƒ°v apºv lZvdØv akolv auDuZv(A)\v C]Imcw

C¬lmap≠mbn:

bAvØo Jadp¬ AºnbmC h Awdp° bØAØm

AXmbXv \_namcpsS Nµ≥ hcp∂XmWv,

\ns‚ tPmen ]ISamIp∂XmWv.

ssZhnI shfn]mSp ]Imcw At±lØn\v lZvdØv akolv auDuZv(A)s‚

ZuXy]q¿ØoIcWØn¬ AXnalØmb tkh\ßƒ°v ku`mKyw e`n°p

Ibp≠mbn. \nch[n D∂X InSbnep≈ KŸßƒ At±lw cNn®p.

k∑m¿KZ¿in\n F∂ Cu KŸhpw At±lamWv cNn®Xv. ]pkvXIØns‚

t]cv t]mseØs∂ CXn¬ hnip≤ Jp¿B≥, lZokv, ap≥Ime almXvam°

fpsS hN\ßƒ F∂nhbpsS ASnÿm\Øn¬ X_veoKv kw_‘amb

hnjbßƒ hfsc kcfhpw kµ¿t`mNnXhpambn kzcp°qńbncn°p∂p.

AlvaZnøØv AYhm bYm¿Y Ckvemans‚ hnizmkmZ¿ißƒ i‡hpw

]_ehpamb sXfnhpIƒ aptJ\ ÿm]n®ncn°p∂p.

lZvdØv dkq¬ Icow(k) alvZo akolns\°pdn®v ]d™n´p≈ Imew, AS

bmfßƒ, ZuXyw XpSßnb hnjbßsf °pdn®p≈ AwKoIrX D≤cnWn

IfpsS shfn®Øn¬ lZvdØv an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv(A)s‚ kXykm£y

hpw Cu ]pkvXIØn¬ hy‡am°nbn´p≠v.

Cu ]pkvXIw Hcp X_veoKo F≥sskt¢m]oUnb BIp∂p. X_veoKv

cwKØv Gsd ê]ZhpamWv. X_veoKv cwKØv hnPbn°m≥ Hmtcm Alv

aZnbpw Cu ]pkvXIw hmbn®ncnt°≠XmWv.

kønZp\m lZvdØv Aaodp¬ apAvan\o≥ Jeo^Øp¬ akolv A¬Jmankv

(AøZlp√mlv)bpsS A\phmZtØmsS \kmdØv \ivtdm CimAØv JmZn

bm≥ Cu ]pkvXIØns‚ aebmf ]cn`mj (6mw ]Xn∏v) ]pdØnd°pIbmWv.

Cu kZpZyaØn¬ mK`m°mb F√mh¿°pw A√mlp X°Xmb ]Xnêw

\¬IpIbpw CXns‚ ]kn≤oIcWw A\pKrloXam°pIbpw At\I

¿°v k∑m¿Kw Icÿam°m≥ \nanØam°pIbpw sNøpamdmIs´. Bao≥.

lm^nkv aJvZqw ico^v

skI´dn ]ªnt°j≥kv

AlvaZnøm apkvenw PamAØv `mcXv

AhXmcnIm

cv^^^^vfrfrferfvvv

"X_veosK lnZm-bØv' F∂ KŸw 1922-˛s‚ XpS-°-Øn-

emWv Rm≥ Fgp-Xn-b-Xv. A∂v Rm≥ tIhew Hcp bphm-hm-bn-

cp-∂p. Fs‚ ]T-\-]m-cm-b-W-ßƒ Xptemw ]cn-an-X-hp-am-bn-cp-

∂p. F∂m¬, A√mlp Ahs‚ Ir]-sIm≠v Cu KŸ-Øn\v

kzoI-cWw \evIn. CXp-ap-Jm-¥cw ]e¿°pw k∑m¿§w kn≤n-

°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. kz-¥-°mcpw A\ycpw CXns\ C„-s∏-´p.

æÚ^içÊnÏo]Ÿùe^Ö×#ä]ÖÃ×où]ÖÃ¿nÜ æ]ÖvÛ‚Ö×äÂ×oƒ]ÖÔCXp-hsc Cu ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ aq∂p-]-Xn-∏p-Iƒ ]kn-≤-

s∏-Sp-Øn-°-gn-™n-cn-°p-∂p. CXv \mem-asØ ]Xn-∏m-Wv. Cu

]Xn-∏n¬ \n m-c-amb Nne am‰-ßƒ amXta Rm≥ hcp-Øn-

bn- p-≈q. AXn-e-[n-Ihpw ]Z-ßsf kw_-‘n-®-Xm-Wv. A√mlp

Ahs‚ ]hr-Øn-sIm≠v A\p-K-ln® Hcp hkvXp-hn¬ am‰w

hcp-Øp-∂Xv icn-b-√-t√m. AXn\m¬, A√m-lp- C-Xn\v apº-

tØ-Xnt\°mƒ IqSp-X-embn A\p-Klw \evIs´ F∂pw P\-

ß-fpsS am¿§-Z¿i-\-Øn\v CXv Imc-W-am-Is´ F∂p-ap≈

]m¿∞-\-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn˛ AXmWo KŸ-Øns‚ GtIm-t±-iyw˛

Rm\o \memw ]Xn∏v ] n-te-°-b-°p-∂p.

Cu ]Xn-∏ns‚ Fgp-Øn\pw A®-Sn°pw G¿∏mSv sNøp∂

Imcy-Øn¬ P\m_v aenIv ^kv¬ lpkbv≥ kmln_v hf-sc-

b-[nIw ]¶p-h-ln-®n- p-≠v. mjm-kw-_-‘-ambn P\m_v lm^nkv

apJvXm¿ AlvaZv kmln_v D]-Im-c-]-Z-amb Nne \n¿t±-i-ßƒ

\evIn-bn- p-ap-≠v.

JmZn-bm≥ an¿km _io¿ AlvaZv

27.10.1945

BapJw

10 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

t]Pv

1. ]oTnI

]hm-N-I-irw-Je .............................................................................................. 13

]hm-N-I-Xz-irw-J-e-bpsS ]cn-]q¿ÆX ................................................... 14

hnip-≤-Jp¿-Bs‚ kwc-£Ww .................................................................. 15

_mly-amb hn⁄m\w Poh-e-£-W-a√ ............................................... 18

Ckvem-an¬ apP-±n-Zp-am-cpsS BK-a\w ....................................................... 19

]cn-jvI¿Øm-°ƒ D≠mtb Ignbq ........................................................ 20

Hcp hn]-Øn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ ]h-N\w ...................................................... 23

apkvenw-I-fpsS C∂sØ ÿnXn .............................................................. 24

Ah-km-\-Im-esØ hn]-Øn-\p≈ ]Xn-hn[n ..................................... 25

lZvdØv Alva-Zn(-A)s‚ hmZw ................................................................ 28

]cn-tim-[-\m-am¿§w .......................................................................................... 29

]cn-tim-[-\-bpsS Xc-ßƒ ........................................................................... 29

]am-W-]-c-amb ]cn-tim-[\ ....................................................................... 30

_p≤n-]-c-amb ]cn-tim-[-\m-am¿§w ........................................................... 34

B≤ym-fln-I-am¿§w ......................................................................................... 37

2. ako-lns‚ Bhn¿`mhw .............................................................. 39

Jp¿-B-\nepw lZo-Yn-ep-ap≈ ]h-N\w .................................................. 39

Cukm(-A) BIm-i-tØ-°p-b¿Ø-s∏-ń-ń√ ....................................... 44

Cukm(-A)-bpsS acWw ............................................................................... 48

Cukm(-A) Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂-Xn¬ CPvamAv D≠m-bn-ń√ ... 63

Cukm(-A) Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂ hnizmkw Fhn-sS\n∂v h∂p? . 66

acn-®-h¿ aS-ßn-h-cn√ ...................................................................................... 67

akolv htc-≠Xv Cu DΩ-Øn¬\n-∂p-Xs∂...................................... 69

Cd-ßp-sa-∂-Xns‚ Xm¬]cyw .................................................................... 74

C_v\p-a¿bw F∂ A`n-[m\w ................................................................... 75

hmKvZØ akolpw alvZnbpw Hcmƒ ........................................................ 81

alvZn hmsf-SpØp bp≤w sNøn√ ............................................................ 92

hnj-b-kq-NnI

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 11

3. akolv alvZn-bpsS AS-bm-f-ßƒ ............................................. 102

akolv alvZnsb kw_-‘n® ]Ø-S-bm-f-ßƒ ................................ 103

H∂m-asØ AS-bmfw .................................................................................... 105

c≠m-a-sØ AS-bmfw ................................................................................... 107

aq∂m-asØ AS-bmfw ................................................................................... 107

\mem-a-sØ AS-bmfw ................................................................................... 115

A©m-asØ AS-bmfw ................................................................................. 117

Bdm-asØ AS-bmfw .................................................................................... 121

Ggm-asØ AS-bmfw .................................................................................... 125

F´m-asØ AS-bmfw .................................................................................... 127

HºXm-asØ AS-bmfw................................................................................ 130

]Øm-asØ AS-bmfw ................................................................................. 132

4. akolv auDu-Zn(-A)s‚ ]hrØn ........................................... 140

H∂m-asØ ]hrØn .................................................................................... 140

c≠m-asØ ]hrØn .................................................................................... 147

InkvXp-a-X-Øn-s∂-Xn-cn¬ .......................................................................... 152

Bcy-k-am-P-Øn-s∂-Xn-cn¬ ......................................................................... 172

kn°p-a-X-Øn-s∂-Xn-cn¬ .............................................................................. 199

_“-k-am-P-Øn-s∂-Xn-cn¬ ....................................................................... 203

tZh-k-am-P-Øn-s∂-Xn-cn¬ ........................................................................... 206

a‰p ]e aX-ßƒ°p-sa-Xn-cn¬ .................................................................... 211

kXym-t\z-j-W-X-Øz-ßƒ .......................................................................... 212

Ckvem-ans‚ hnPbw ..................................................................................... 221

Alva-Znøm Pam-A-Øns‚ ]Nm-c-W-]-cn-iaw ................................. 230

A\ym-`n-]m-b-ßƒ ........................................................................................ 236

akolv auDu-Zns‚ aq∂m-asØ ZuXyw ............................................. 243

kXy-hn-izm-k-Øns‚ \ne......................................................................... 243

kXy-hn-izm-k-Øns‚ e£-W-ßƒ ...................................................... 253

H∂m-asØ e£-Ww ................................................................................... 255

c≠m-asØ AS-bmfw .................................................................................. 258

aq∂m-asØ AS-bmfw .................................................................................. 258

\mem-asØ AS-bmfw ................................................................................. 260

A©m-asØ AS-bmfw ................................................................................ 261

A√m-lp-hns‚ km£y-apZ ....................................................................... 265

_oPm-hm]w ]q¿Øn-bm-bn-°-gn™p ..................................................... 267


5. Hcp XmØznI kao£................................................................ 271

AS-bm-f-ß-fpsS ka-K-hn-h-cWw ............................................................ 285

6. \p_p-∆Øv hmZw ......................................................................... 294

Rß-fpsS hnizmkw .................................................................................... 294

JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øos‚ hymJym\w ............................................................ 298

"em\-_nø _AvZo' ....................................................................................... 302

"euIm\ _AvZo \_n-øp≥ eIm\ Dad' .......................................... 306

ap_-»n-dmØv .................................................................................................... 308

\p_p-∆Øv Imcy-Øn¬ CPvam-Av? .......................................................... 310

]hm-N-I-∑mcpw ico-AØpw ...................................................................... 316

]hm-N-I-∑m¿ A\p-k-cn-°-s∏-tS-≠-h¿ ............................................... 320

\p_p-∆Øv \ne-®n- n√ ................................................................................. 323

\p_p-∆Øv \ne-®n-´n-s√-∂-Xn\p lZoYv ................................................ 328

\p_p-∆Øv kw_-‘n® N¿®-bpsS Npcp°w .................................... 333

alvZn ako-lns‚ ]kvXm-h\................................................................. 334

]cn-k-am]vXn .................................................................................................... 335


1. ]oTnI

]hm-N-IXz irwJe

`qan-bn¬ A‘-Im-chpw A[¿Ωhpw hym]n-°p-tºmƒ P\-

ßƒ°v am¿§-Z¿i-\-Øn\pth≠n Hcp ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ Fgp-

t∂ev]n-°p-Ibpw At±lw aptJ\ P\-ßsf kap-≤-cn-°p-Ibpw

\ho\ Zr„m-¥-ßƒ ImWn®p sImSpØv \n¿Ω-X-Xz-Øn-s‚bpw

\nco-iz-c-Xz-Øn-s‚bpw Ccp-´n¬\n∂v Ahsc ]pd-tØ°p sIm

≠phcn-Ibpw sNøp-I-sb-∂Xv temIm-cw`w apX¬s°-bp≈

A√m-lp-hns‚ Hcp hg-°-am-sW∂p temI-a-X-ß-fpsS Ncn-X-

Øn¬ ItÆm-Sn-°p∂ B¿°pwXs∂ a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bpw.

Cu ]hm-N-IXz irwJe Bcw`w apX¬°p C∂p-hsc CS-X-S-

hn-√msX XpS¿∂p h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. BZy-Im-eØv temI-Ønse

hnhn[ cmPy-ßƒ XΩn-epw P\-X-Iƒ XΩnepw ]c-kv]cw kº

¿°w ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn\v kuI-cy-ß-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n√; AYhm

AXn-\p≈ kuI-cy-ßƒ hnc-f-am-bn-cp-∂p. Hmtcm cmPyhpw a‰p-

≈-h-bn¬\n∂v hnt—-Zn-°-s∏´ \ne-bn-em-bn-cp∂p. Hcp P\-X

bv°v a‰p-≈-h-sc-∏‰n Adn-hp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Hmtcm cmPyhpw Hm

tcm P\-Xbpw Ah-cp-tSXv amX-amb Hmtcm temI-ß-fnem-bn-

cp-∂p. Cu Ah-ÿ-bn¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ ASp-°¬\n∂v Hmtcm

cmPy-Øn\pw Hmtcm P\-Xbv°pw ]tXyIw ]tXyIw ]hm-N-

I≥am¿ h∂p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. CXn-s\-∏‰n A√mlp hnip≤ Jp¿-

B-\n¬ ]d-bp-I-bmWv:˛

eŠþ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³Ü]Ö×ùä]Ö†ùuÛFà]Ö†ùunÜ

ÞvÛ‚åüæÞ’×ùoÂ×Fo…‰çÖä]ÖÓ†mÜ


""Hcp ]t_m-[-I≥ Ign™p t]mbn-´n-√mØ Hcp P\-X-bp-

an√'' (hn-ip-≤-Jp¿-B≥, 35:25)

GXp hn[-Øn¬ kndn-b, CuPn-]vXv, CdmJv F∂o cmPy-

ß-fn¬ A√mlphns‚ ZqX≥am¿ Ah-X-cn-®pthm, AtX hn[-

Øn¬ C¥y, ssN\, t]¿iy apX-emb a‰p cmPy-ß-fnepw Ah¿

Ah-X-cn-®n-cp-∂p. Cu ImcWw sIm≠mWv F√m cmPy-ßfn

tebpw F√m P\-ß-fp-tSbpw ]hm-N-I∑msc Rßƒ hniz-kn-

°p-Ibpw AwKo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xv. lZvdØv \qlv, l:

C_vdm-lnw, l:aqkm, l:Cukm (A-e-bvln-ap- z-emw) F∂n-h-

sc-t∏m-se-Xs∂ t]¿jy-°m-cpsS k¿X-jvØn-s\bpw _u≤-

cpsS KuX-a-s\bpw ssN\-°m-cpsS I¨^yq-j-kn-s\bpw lnµp-

°-fpsS ioIr-jvW-s\bpw Rßƒ hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw AwKo-I-

cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. ]hm-N-tIm-Nn-X-amb \ne-bn¬ Ahsc

Rßƒ ]cn-K-Wn-°p-Ibpw _lp-am-\n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p.

]hm-N-IXz irwJ-e-bpsS ]cn-]q¿ÆX

apI-fn¬ ]d™ ]hm-N-I≥amcpw ]g-b-Im-esØ a‰p ]hm-

N-I-∑mcpw, P\-X-Iƒ XΩn¬ ]c-kv]cw kº¿°-an-√m-Xn-cn-

°p-Ibpw cmPy-ßƒ At\ym\yw Adn-b-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw a\p-

jy-cm-in-bpsS _p≤n-]-c-amb Ahÿ ]q¿Æ-Zi ]m]n-°m-Xncn-

°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp∂ A°m-e-ß-fn-te°p amX-ap-≈-h-cmbncp-

∂p. F∂m¬, temIw apgp-h\pw Hcp cmPy-Øns‚ Ahÿ-bn

¬ hcm\pw hnhn[ P\-X-Iƒ XΩn¬ kº¿°-ap-≠m-Im\pw am

\-h-k-ap-Zmbw hf¿∂p buh-\-Zi ]m]n-°m\pw XpS-ßn-b-t∏m

ƒ, hn`n∂ cmPyßƒ°pw hn`n∂ P\-X-Iƒ°pw sht∆sd ]hm-

N-I≥amsc Ab-°p-∂-Xn\p]Icw apgp-h≥ temI-Øn\p th≠n

bpw Htcsbmcp ]hm-N-Is\ Ab-°p-Ibpw Xm¬°m-en-Ihpw

tZio-b-hp-amb Bh-iy-a-\p-k-cn®v sht∆sd D]-tZ-i-ßƒ Cd-

°p-∂-Xn\p ]Icw F√m Ime-tØbpw F√m P\-X-I-fp-tSbpw

Bh-iy-ßƒ \nd-th-‰m≥ ]cym-]vX-amb Htc Hcp ]cn-]q¿Æ

KŸ-an-d-°p-I-bp-amWv A√mlp sNbvX-Xv. B ]hm-N-I≥ Inkv

Xzm_vZw 6˛mw \q‰m-≠ns‚ HSp-hn¬ Atd-_y-bn¬ P\n® lZvd

Øv apl-Ω-Zv(-k.-A) Xncp-ta-\n-bpw, B KŸw B alm-flmhn\p

\evIs∏´ hnip≤Jp¿-B-\p-am-Wv.


hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs‚ kwc-£Ww

]cn-ip-≤-\mb B ]hm-N-Is\s°m≠v ]hm-N-IXz irwJ-

ebpw ]cn-ip-≤-amb B KŸwsIm≠v KŸ-irw-J-ebpw ]cn-

]q¿ÆX ]m]n-®p. A√mlp ]d-bp-I-bmWv:˛

apl-ΩZv A√m-lp-hns‚ dkqepw ]hm-N-I∑m-cpsS apZ-bp-

am-Ip∂p (-hn.-Jp¿-B≥ 33:41).

""C∂v Rm≥ \nß-fpsS aXsØ \nßƒ°v ]q¿Øn-bm-°n-

Ø-∂n-cn-°p∂p; Fs‚ A\p-K-l-hpw Rm≥ \nß-fn¬ ]q¿Øn-

bm-°n-bn-cn-°p∂p; \nßƒ°pth≠n Ckvemans\ aX-ambn

Rm≥ Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.'' (-hn.-Jp¿-B≥ 5:4)

AXm-bXv taen¬ Hcp \ymb-]-am-W-Øns‚ Bh-iy-an-√m-

Ø-hn[w A√m-lp-hns‚ D]-tZiw Jp¿-B≥ apJm-¥cw ]q¿Øn-

bm-bn-cn-°p-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v AXv kpc-£n-X-am-bn-cn-t°-≠Xv

AXym-h-iy-am-Ip-∂p. AXns‚ kwc-£-WØn-\p≈ _m[yX

A√mlp Gev°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p :

""Cu ]t_m-[\ KŸw Cd-°n-bXv \mw Xs∂-bm-Wv. Xo¿

®-bmbpw \mw Xs∂ AXns\ kwc-£n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.''(-hn.-

Jp¿-B≥ 15:10)

Cßs\ Hcp kwc-£WhmKvZm\w as‰mcp Znhy-K-Ÿ-

Øn\pw A√mlp \evIn-bn-´n-√. B KŸ-ßƒ A√m-lp-hns‚

]°¬\n∂v Cd-ßn-b-h-b-√m-ØXp sIm≠-√, t\sc-a-dn®v Ah-

ÿ-mIm-e-ß-fpsS ]cn-an-Xn-bn¬ \n_-≤-ambn-cp-∂Xp sIm≠m-

Wv. Ah k¿∆-tem-I-Øn\pw k¿∆-Im-e-Øn\pw D≈-h-bm-bn-

cp-∂n-√. ]tXyI P\-X-I-fpsS Imtem-Nn-X-amb Bh-iy-ßƒ

\nd-th-‰p-∂-h-bm-bn-cp∂p. Ime-l-c-W-Øn\p hnt[-b-ßfm-bXp


sIm≠v Ahbv°v AØ-c-samcp hmKvZm-\-Øns‚ Bh-iy-ap-≠m-

bn-cp-∂n-√. F∂m¬, hnip≤Jp¿-Bs‚ ]Zhn AXm-bn-cp-∂n-√.

AXv F√m P\-X-I-fp-sSbpw F√m Ime-Øn-s‚bpw Bh-iy-ß

ƒ ]q¿Øn-bm-°m-\p-≈-Xm-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v AXv GXp ]Im-c-

Øn¬ Cd-ßntbm AtX]Im-c-Øn¬ F∂pw kpc-£n-X-am-bn-

cn-t°-≠Xv AXym-h-iy-am-Wv.

Cu kwc-£Ww c≠p hn[-Øn¬ \S∂p˛ A£-c-Øns‚

Imcy-Ønepw A¿∞-Øns‚ Imcy-Ønepw. kwc-£-W-Øns‚

c≠v hi-ßƒ Ah amX-am-Wv. AXm-b-Xv, hnip≤Jp¿-B≥

GXp cq]-Øn¬ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bn¬ Cdßntbm AtX-cq-]

Øn¬ Hcp h≈nbpw ]p≈nbpw am‰-ap-≠m-hmsX AXns‚ i–-

ßƒ \ne-\ndpØpI F∂-XmWv H∂m-asØ kwc-£-Ww. hnip

≤Jp¿-Bs‚ A≤ym-]-\-ß-fpsS ssNX\yw \jvS-s∏SmØ hn[-

Øn¬ AXns‚ A¿∞hpw \ne-\ndpØpI F∂Xv c≠m-asØ

kwc-£-W-hpw. hnip≤Jp¿-B\p Cu c≠p hn[-Øn-ep≈ kwc-

£-Whpw eœ-am-bn-´p-≠v. temI-Øp≈ a‰p bmsXmcp aX-Øn

\pw Cu hn[-Øn-ep≈ kwc-£-W-ap-≠m-bn-´n-√. ap≥K-Ÿ-ß-

fpsS i_vZ-ßtfm A¿∞tam kwc-£n-°-s∏-´n-cp-∂n-√. Ah-

bpsS A≤ym-]-\-ß-fpsS ssNX\yw \ne-\ndpØm≥ A√m-lp-

hns‚ ]°¬\n∂v ÿnc-amb G¿∏m-sSm-∂p-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xp-an-

√. Ah Ah-bpsS Bhiyw \nd-th-‰n-°-gn-™n-cp-∂p. taen¬

Ah-bpsS Bh-iy-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Ah acn®p Ign-™n-cp-∂p.

hr£-ß-fpsS hb v ]q¿Øn-bm-hp-I-bm¬ ]pXn-sbmcp tXm´w

\´p-≠m-°p-∂-Xn\pth≠n DS-a-ÿ≥ ssIsbm-gn® Hcp tXm´-

Øns‚ Ah-ÿ-bm-bn-cp∂p Ah-bp-tS-Xv. F∂m¬, Ckvemans‚

ÿnXn AX-√. Ckvemw Poh-\p≈ Hcp aX-am-Wv. F√m Ime

Øpw Poh-\p-≈-Xm-bn-cn-°m≥ th≠n ÿm]n-°-s∏-´-Xp-am-Wv.

X∂nan-Øw AXv A£-c-]-c-ambpw A¿∞-]-c-ambpw kwc-£n-

°-s∏- p.

i–kw-c-£Wwhnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥ Ah-Xo¿Æ-amb ka-bØpXs∂ At\I¿

AXv lrZn-ÿ-am-°n. AXns‚ At\Iw ]Xn-Iƒ FgpXn kq£n-

°-s∏- p. CkvemanI c-W-Iq-S-ßƒ AXns‚ kq£n∏n\p-th≠n

]tXy-I-amb G¿∏m-Sp-Iƒ sNbvXp. XpS¿∂v e£-°-W-°n\v


]Xn-Iƒ ]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp. C∂pw hnip≤Jp¿-

B≥ a\x]mT-am-°nb e£-°-W-°n¬ Bfp-Isf Cu temIØv

ImWm≥ Ign-bpw. Npcp-°n-∏-d-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ

t]mepw ap‡-IWvTw kΩ-Xn-°p∂ hn[-Øn-emWv AXns‚

kwc-£Ww \S-∂n-´p-≈-Xv. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bn¬ GsXmcp cq]-

Øn¬ AXn-d-ßntbm AtX cq]-Øn¬ bmsXmcp am‰hpw IqSm

sX AXv C∂pw \ne-\nev°p-∂p-sh∂v temIw apgp-h\pw km

£yw hln-°p∂p (sse^v Hm^v apl-ΩZv ˛ k¿ hneyw ayq¿)

A¿∞-kw-c-£Ww

hnip-≤-Jp¿-Bs‚ ssNX\yw \ne-\ndpØm≥ Ign-bp∂

alm-flm-°sf ASn-°Sn A√mlp Fgp-t∂ev]n®p sIm≠n-cp∂p

F∂-XmWv A¿∞-kw-c-£-W-Øn\p kzoI-cn® Hcp am¿§w.

Poh≥ \in®p cq]w amXw -A-h-ti-jn-°p-Ibpw Igºp \in®p

sXmen-amXw _m°n-bm-hp-Ibpw sNøp-I-sb∂ Hc-h-ÿ t\cn-

Sp-∂-Xn¬\n∂v Ckvemans\ B alm-flm-°ƒ c£n®p sIm≠n-

cp-∂p. Ft∏m-sg√mw apk¬am≥am¿ A[¿Ω-Øn-te°pw ZpjvIr-

Xy-Øn-te°pw Nmbp-I-bpw, Ah-cn¬ Ckveman-Im-≤ym-]-\-Øn

s‚ Poh≥ _e-lo-\-am-hm≥ XpS-ßp-I-bpw, Ah-cn¬ sX‰mb

hnizm-k-ßfpw aqV-amb A`n-]m-b-ßfpw IS-∂p-Iq-Sp-I-bpw, Ah-

cpsS hnizmkw _e-lo-\-am-hp-I-bm¬ \nco-iz-cXzw Ahsc kzm

[o-\n-°p-I-bpw, ÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ Xmdp-am-dm-hp-I-bpw, \n¿Ω-XXzw

i‡n-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp-thm, At∏m-sg√mw ]pXnb ZrjvSm-

¥-ß-fm¬ Ah-cpsS hnizm-k-Øn\v \h-Po-h≥ \evIp-Ibpw ]cn-

ip-≤-amb amXr-I-bm¬ Ahsc ho≠pw aX-Øns‚ kpZrVamb

Xd-bn¬ CcpØn Ah¿°v icn-bmb hn⁄m\w \evIp-Ibpw

Ah-cpsS sX‰mb hnizm-k-ß-sfbpw aqVm-`n-]m-b-ß-sfbpw

Xncp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp∂ ]cn-jvI¿Øm-°sf(ap-P-±n-Zp-am-sc) Ah

¿°p-th≠n Fgp-t∂ev]n-°p-I-sb-∂Xv A√m-lp-hns‚ kp∂-

Ømbn \S∂p h∂n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. AØcw Bfp-Iƒ F√m Ime

Øpw Ckveman¬ P\n®p sIm≠n-cp-∂n-´p-≠v. Ckvemw Hcp- k-

PohaX-am-sW-∂-Xn-te-°p≈ A\n-tj-[y-amb Hcp sXfn-hm-Wn-

Xv. Ckvemw Dt]-£n-°-s∏´ Hcp tXm´-a-s√∂pw adn-®v, AXn

s‚ DS-a-ÿ≥ AXns‚ c£-bnepw hf¿®-bnepw kZm i≤mep-

hm-sW∂pw AXnse hr£-ßƒ hm¿≤Iyw ]m]n®p \njv e-


am-bn- n-s√∂pw Ct∏mgpw ew Imbv®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p-s≠∂pw

CXn¬\n∂v hy‡-am-Ip-∂p-≠v. a‰p≈ aX-ß-fpsS Ahÿ CX-

√. A√m-lp-hns‚ I¬]-\-tbm-Sp-IqSn temI-Øns‚ ]cn-jvI-c

W-Øn\pth≠n Fgp-t∂ev°p-Ibpw A√m-lp-hns‚ mj-W-Øm

epw Ah-\p-am-bp≈ ASp-∏-Ømepw A\p-Kr-lo-X-cm-hp-Ibpw sN

bvXn-´p≈ AØcw Bfp-Iƒ a‰p aX-ß-fn¬ ImWp-I-bn-√.

_mly-amb hn⁄m\w Poh-e-£-W-a√

_mly-amb hn⁄m-\sØ kw_-‘n®nStØmfw F√m

aX-ßƒ°pw Ah-bpsS ]fin-X-∑m-cp-≠v. F∂m¬, _mlyamb

B hn⁄m\w Poh-e-£-W-a-√. ssIsøm-gn-°-s∏´ Hcp tXm´-

Øn¬ ImWm-hp∂ DW-ßnb ac-s°m-ºp-I-sf-t∏m-se-bm-W-h¿.

A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v t\cn´v hn⁄m\w kn≤n-°p-Ibpw Ahs‚

hN-\-ß-fm¬ Poh≥ e`n-°p-Ibpw sNbvX Ah-ÿ-bn¬ tem

tIm-≤m-c-W-Øn\pth≠n Bsc-¶nepw Fgp-t∂ev∏n-°-s∏-SpI

F∂-Xn-\mWv Pohn∏v F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. FX ]cXn-t\m-°nbm

epw AØcw Bfp-Isf Ckveman-e√msX as‰ßpw ImWp-Ibn-

√. temIØv ]cn-jvImcw G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-I-sb-∂Xv F√m-h-cp-sS

bpw tPmen-b-√. \nco-iz-c-XzØns‚ ]mgv°p-≠n¬\n∂v P\-ßsf

Ic-I-b‰n GI-ssZ-h-hn-izm-k-am-Ip∂ Dd® Xd-bn¬ Ccp-Øphm≥

_mly-amb hn⁄m\wsIm≠v km[y-am-hp-I-bn-√. _mly-hn-

⁄m-\-Øns‚ i‡n-bm¬ ssZh-sØ-∏‰n hnizkn∏n-°p-hm≥

B¿s°-¶nepw Ign-bp-sa-¶n¬ AXv Hcp ssZhw D≠m-bn-cn°

Ww F∂ ]cn[nhsc amX-am-bn-cn-°pw. AXn-\-∏pdw AXv km

[y-am-hp-I-bn-√. F∂m¬, B hnizmkw tam£-Øn\v ]cym-]vX-

am-hptam? ]cn-an-X-amb B Adn-hp-sIm≠v a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-Øn¬

bYm¿∞-amb ]cn-h¿Ø-\-ap-≠m-°m≥ I-gn-bptam? Hcn-°-ep-an-

√. ap‡n ]m]n-°p-∂-Xn\v ssZhsØ kw_-‘n® \ΩpsS hn

izmkw \mw Ahs\ I≠-dn-™-Xp-t]mse Dd-∏p-≈-Xm-bn-cn-°

Ww. Ahs‚ AkvXnXzw e`n-®-Xp-t]m-se-bm-bn-cn-°Ww. AXm-

bXv Hcp ssZhw D≠v F∂ ]Z-hn-bn-te°v \ΩpsS hnizmkw

Db-c-Ww. B hnizm-k-Øn\p amXta \sΩ D≤-cn-°p-hm\pw

\ΩpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬ ZrV-X-bp-≠m-°p-hm\pw Ign-bq. AXmWv

Bflm-hns‚ Zpjn® BK-l-ßsf Zln-∏n®p Nmº-em-°p-hm≥

]cym-]vX-am-hp∂ hnizm-kw. AXmWv a\p-jy\p Hcp Poh≥\ev


Ip-Ibpw Ah-\n¬ Hcp \h-ssN-X-\y-ap-f-hm-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂

hnizm-kw. AXmWv k„m-hmb ssZh-hp-ambn t\cn´v _‘w

ÿm]n-°p-hm≥ Ahs\ tbmKy-\m-°p∂ hnizm-kw. AXns‚

^e-ambn ssZhw Ah-t\mSv kwkm-cn-°p-Ibpw Ahs‚ ]m¿∞-

\-Iƒ tIƒ°p-Ibpw B ]m¿∞-\-Iƒ°v DØcw \evIp-Ibpw

sNøpw. F∂m¬, Cu Imcy-ßƒ _mly-amb hn⁄m\w sIm≠vv

km[y-am-hp-I-bn-√. _mly-amb hn⁄m-\-Øns‚ DS-a-Iƒ Cu

hkvXpX Adn-bp-Ibp-an√.

Ckveman¬ apP-±n-Zp-am-cpsS BK-a\w

ssZh-hp-ambn kw`m-jWw \S-Øp-Ibpw ssZh-Øn¬\n∂v

\n¿t±iw e`n-®-X-\p-k-cn®v temI-Øn\v t\cmb am¿§w ImWn

®p sImSp-°p-Ibpw CkvemanIm-≤ym-]-\sØ kPo-h-am°n \ne-

\ndpØp-Ibpw sNøp∂ AØcw Bfp-Iƒ Bh-iy-a-\p-k-cn®v

F√m ImeØpw D≠m-hp-I-sb-∂Xv Ckvemans‚ Hcp khn-ti-

j-Xbm-Wv. AØcw Bfp-Iƒ ASn-°Sn Ckveman¬ D≠m-bn

s°m-≠n-cp-∂n-´p-≠v. ]tXy-In®v F√m \q‰m≠p-I-fp-sSbpw XpS-

°-Øn¬ Ah¿ Bh¿`-hn®p sIm≠n-cp-∂n-´p-≠v. \_n Xncp-ta

\n(-k) C]-Imcw Acp-ƒ sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p

]áù]Ö×ùämfÃ&ÖãF„å]ŸÚùèÂ×Fo…œŒ

E]eç]¨ ÒØùÚòè‰ßèõÚùàmùr‚ùÖã^mßã^apk¬am-∑m-cpsS aX-]-c-amb sX‰p-Iƒ XncpØn Ah¿°v

\h-Po-h≥ \evIp∂ Bfp-Isf Ah¿°pth≠n F√m \q‰m-

≠ns‚ Xe-°epw A√mlpw Fgp-t∂ev]n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. (-A-_p-

Zm-hq-Zv)

Cu ]h-N-\-]-Imcw km[m-cW Ime-ß-fn¬ s]mXp-shbpw

\q‰m-≠p-I-fpsS Bcw-`-Øn¬ ]tXy-In®pw AØcw Bfp-Iƒ

h∂p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p-sh-∂Xv A\p-`-h-hn-Zn-X-amb Hcp ]c-am¿∞-

am-Wv. Ah¿ aptJ\ Bh-iym-\p-k-cWw hnip≤Jp¿-Bs‚ b

Ym¿∞-amb A≤ym-]-\hpw Ckvemans‚ B¥-cn-I-amb Poh

\pw ]Xy-£-s∏´p sIm≠n-cp-∂p. Ah¿ ssZh-Øns‚ kPoh

hN-\-ß-fpsS klm-b-Øm¬ P\-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ ⁄m\-]-chpw

B[ym-fln-I-hp-amb ]cn-jvIm-c-ßƒ hcp-Øn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p. ssi


Jv A_vZp¬JmZn¿ Poem-\n, ssiJv AlvaZv k¿lnµn apP-±n

Zv A¬ -km-\n, imlvh-en-øp√m Zlvehn, kønZv AlvaZv _td

¬hn apX-em-b-h¿ ]cn-ip-≤-amb Cu apP-±nZp h¿§-Øn¬s∏-´-

h-cm-Wv. Ah-sc-√m-hcpw A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v am¿§-Z¿i\w e`n-

®-X-\p-k-cn®v temIØv ]cn-jvIm-c-ßƒ hcp-Øp-Ibpw AXXv

Ime-ß-fn¬ GsX√mw sX‰p-Iƒ Xncp-tØ-≠-Xm-h-iy-am-bn-cp-

∂pthm Ah-sb√mw Xncp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvX-h-cm-Wv.

]cn-jv°¿Øm-°ƒ D≠mtb Ignbq

hnip≤Jp¿-Bs‚ A≤ym-]\w F√m hn[-Ønepw ]cn-]q¿

Æ-am-bn-cn-°-bm¬ Hcp ]cn-jv°¿Øm-hns‚ Bh-iy-sa-¥m-

sW∂pw AXns‚ A≤ym-]-\-a-\p-k-cn®v ]h¿Øn-°p-I-bm-sW-

¶n¬ F√m-h¿°pw kzbw \∂m-Im≥ Ign-bp-I-bnt√ F∂pw

h√-hcpw hnNm-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv tIhew sX‰mb Hcp

hnNm-c-am-bn-cn-°pw. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬:˛

1. \ΩpsS, A\p-`hw AXv sX‰m-sW∂v ÿm]n-°p-∂p.

A≤ym-]\w ]cn-]q¿Æ-am-bn-cp-∂n´pw apkvenwIƒ aX-]-c-ambpw

euIn-I-ambpw Zn\w ]Xn A[x-]-Xn®p sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xm-bn-

´mWv \mw ImWp-∂-Xv. A[x-]-Xn-°p-I-bm-sW∂ t_m[-ap-≠m-

bn´pw Ah¿°v Db-cm≥ km[n-°p-∂n-√. GsX-¶nepw Hcp P\X

aX-]-c-ambn A[x-]-Xn-®-Xn-\p-tijw Fgp-t∂ev°m≥ ian-°p-

∂-Xmtbm Fgp-t∂-‰-Xmtbm \ap°v Is≠-Øm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-

√. Ncn-X-Øn¬ AXn-s\mcp sXfn-hn-√.

2. A√m-lp-hns‚ BZyw apX¬t°-bp≈ hg°w B hnNmcw

sX-‰m-sW∂v ÿm]n-°p-∂p. F√m A‘-Im-c--Imeß-fnepw

GsX-¶n-ep-samcp ]cn-jv°¿Øm-hns\ Fgp-t∂ev]n-°p-I-sb-

∂Xv A√m-lp-hns‚ ]t≠-bp≈ ]Xn-hm-Wv. aqkm-\-_n-bpsS

P\-ßƒ°v Xudm-Øns‚ A≤ym-]\w ]cn-]q¿Æ-am-bn-cp-∂p.

F∂n´pw B A≤ym-]\w Ah-cn¬ \ne-\nev°p-∂-tXm-Sp-Iq-Sn-

Øs∂ F√m A‘-Im-c-Im-e-ß-fnepw GsX-¶n-ep-samcp aX-]-

cn-jv°¿Øm-hns\ Fgp-t∂ev]n®v At±lw apJm-¥cw Ckvdm-

bo¬ P\-Xsb A√mlp D≤-cn®psIm≠n-cp-∂p. AXv kw_-

‘n®v hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp∂p:


aqkmbv°ptijw \mw XpS¿®-bmbn dkq¬amsc Ab-®p-

sIm-≠n-cp∂p (hn.Jp¿-B≥ 2:88)

3) A≤ym-]\w ]cn-]q¿Æ-am-sW-∂-Xns‚ A¿∞w B≤ym-

fln-Im-`n-hr-≤n-°p≈ F√m am¿§-ßfpw A√mlp AXn¬ hnh-

cn-°p-Ibpw F√m Bh-iy-ßfpw \nd-th-‰p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-

∂p-sh-∂m-Wv. F∂m¬, P\-ß-fpsS Zp¿hym-Jym-\-Øns‚ ^e-

ambn AXns‚ cq]wXs∂ amdn-t∏m-hp-Ibpw AXns‚ bYm¿∞-

amb Poh≥ C√m-Xm-hp-Ibpw sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, AXns‚

apI-fn¬\n∂v F√m ad-Ifpw \o°n AXn-\-IØv bYm¿∞

Poh≥ IS-Øn-hn-Sp-∂-Xp-hsc D≤m-c-W-Øn\p AXv Fßs\

]tbm-P-\-I-c-amhpw? ]cn-]q¿Æm-≤ym-]\w \n›-b-ambpw aq¿®-

bp≈ Hcp hmƒt]m-se-bmWv. F∂m¬, AXv ]tbm-Kn-°m≥

Bsc-¶nepw D≠mtb aXn-bm-hq.

4) GsXmcp A≤ym-]-\-hpw, AsXX Xs∂ ]cn-]q¿Æ-am-

bn-cp-∂mepw icn, Hcp amXr-I-bn-s√-¶n¬ \yq\-am-bn-cn-°pw. AXn-

\m¬, ]tbm-K-Øns‚ F√m hi-ßfpw Adn-bp∂ B≤ym-flnI

]cn-jv°¿Øm-°ƒ apJm-¥cw A√mlp temIØv CkvemanIm-

≤ym-]-\-Øns‚ amXrI \ne-\ndpØp-∂p.

5) ]pXnb ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒsIm≠v tkN\w e`n-°mØ

]£w DW-ßn-t∏m-Ip∂ Hcp acw t]mse-bmWv ssZh-hn-izm-

kw. ]pXnb ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fpsS tkN-\-an-s√-¶n¬ AXv "D≠v'

F∂ kpZr-V-amb Xd-bn¬\n∂v "D≠m-bn-cn-°Ww' F∂

B]¬°-c-amb Ipgn-bn-te°v B]-Xn-°pw. kwi-b-Øns‚

hnjw Ie¿∂ Im‰v DS-\Sn AXns\ DW-°n-°-f-bp-Ibpw

sNøpw. F∂m¬, \_n-am¿ apJm-¥-chpw henam¿ apJm-¥-chpw

ssIh-cp∂ hnizm-k-am-Is´ kPo-h-amb Hcp bmYm¿∞y-am-Wv.

AXp-hgn a\p-jy\p A√m-lp-hns‚ AkvXnXzw Kl-Wobhpw

Z¿i-\o-b-hp-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. AX-hs\ A√m-lp-ambn t\cn´p

_‘w ]pe¿Øm≥ ]m]vX-\m-°p-∂p. AXp-aqew Ah\p Hcp

]pXnb Poh≥ e`n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Npcp-°-Øn¬, A≤ym-


]\w ]cn-]q¿Æ-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-tXm-Sp-IqSnØs∂, ]pXnb AS-

bm-f-ß-fpsS \Zn temIØv Hgp-In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn Znhy-

Kp-W-ß-fpsS ]Xn-cq-]-amb alm-flm-°-fpsS Bhn¿`mhw AXym-

h-iy-am-Wv. IqSm-sX, A√m-lp-hns‚ kPo-h-amb hN-\-tØm-Sp-

IqSn temIØv Fgp-t∂ev∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂ B B≤ym-flnI ]cn-

jv°¿Øm-°ƒ°v ]tXy-I-am-sbmcp BI¿j-I-i-‡n-bp-ap-≠v.

B i‡n-sIm≠v hnip-≤m-flm-°sf Xß-fpsS ASp-°-te°v

Ah¿ h-en-®-Sp-∏n-°p-∂p. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ B i‡n-bmWv Dd-

ßn-°n-S-°p-∂-hsc DW¿Øp-∂Xpw Ahsc I¿tΩm-’p-I-cm-

°p-∂-Xpw.

6) ]cn-jvImcw B¥-cn-Ihpw bYm¿∞-hp-a-s√-¶n¬ AXp-

sIm≠v Hcp ]tbm-P-\hpw D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. tZmj-ap-≠m-hp-Ibpw

sNøpw. ssZh-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ B≤ymflnI Imcy-ß-fn¬

bYm¿∞hpw B¥-cn-I-hp-amb ]cn-jvImcw A√m-lp-hns‚ ]°

¬ \n∂p ⁄m\w e`n-°p-Ibpw Ahs‚ ]pXn-bXpw kPo-h-hp-

amb hN-\-ß-fm¬ DtØ-P\w kn≤n-°p-Ibpw sNbvX alm-

flm-°-fpsS am¿§-Øn¬Iq-Sn-b-√msX km≤y-am-hp-I-bn-√. Hcp

km[m-cW ]fin-X≥ At±-l-Øns‚ _mlyamb Adn-hp-sIm

≠v ]cn-jvImcw \S-Øp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ \mev Imcy-ßƒ icn-bm-

hp-tºmƒ ]Øv Imcy-ßƒ sX‰m-hm-\mWv km[y-X-bp-≈-Xv.B

ÿnXn°v A√m-lp-hns‚ ASp-°¬\n∂p hcp∂ GsX-¶n-ep-

sam-cmƒ hn[n I¬]n-°msX C∂v apkvenw temIØv ]c-∂p-h-

im-bn-´p≈ A`n-]mb `n∂-X-I-sf√mw Fßs\ C√m-Xm-°m≥

km[n°pw?

7) apkvenwI-fn¬ B≤ym-flnI ]cn-jv°¿Øm-°ƒ D≠m-

bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-sa∂v \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n(-k) ]h-Nn-®XpXs∂,

ico-AØv ]cn-]q¿Æ-am-bn-cp-∂mepw ]cn-jv°¿Øm-°ƒ Bh-

iy-am-sW-∂-Xn-\p≈ ]_-e-amb Hcp sXfn-hm-Wv.

8) Ckveman-\p-≈n¬ AØcw Bfp-Iƒ h∂psIm≠n-cp

∂psh-∂Xv Ah-cpsS BK-a\w Hcp Bh-iy-am-sW∂v ÿm]n-

°p-∂p.

Npcp-°-Øn¬, F√m A‘-Im-c-L-´-ß-fnepw ssZh-Øn¬


\n∂p≈ GsX-¶n-ep-samcp B≤ym-flnI ]cn-jvI¿Øm-hns‚

Bhn¿`mhw Hgn®p IqSmØ-Xm-Wv. AX-\p-k-cn®v apkvenwIfpsS

]cn-jvI-c-W-Øn-\mbn Xs‚ Znhy-t_m-[-\-Øn\p ]mX-amb ]cn-

ip≤ Zmk≥amsc Ab-°p-I-sb-∂Xv Ckvemans\ kw_-‘n®n

StØmfw A√m-lp-hns‚ hg°-ambn CXp-h-scbpw \S∂p h∂n-

´p-≠v. A‘-Im-c-Im-e-ß-fn¬ s]mXp-hmbpw \q‰m-≠p-I-fpsS Bcw-

`-Øn¬ ]tXy-I-ambpw apP-±n-Zp-am¿( aX-]-cn-jv°¿Øm-°ƒ)

Fgp-t∂ev∏n-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂ \_n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ]h-N\w sXfn-

bn-°p-∂Xpw CXp-X-s∂-bm-Wv.

Hcp hn]-Øn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ ]h-N\w

F∂m¬, km[m-cW apP±n-Zp-am-cpsS BK-a-\-sØ-°p-dn®v

]h-Nn® \_n-Xn-cp-ta\nXs∂ Ah-km-\-Im-esØ b-¶-c-amb

Hcp hn]-Øn-s\-°p-dn®v apkvenwIƒ°v ap∂-dn-bn∏pw Xm°oXpw

\evIn-bn-´p-≠v. At±lw AcpƒsNbvXXv Cßs\ kwK-

ln°mw:˛

`qan-bn¬ bYm¿∞-amb ⁄m\w A¥¿≤m\w sNøpw.

hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs‚ icn-bmb A≤ym-]\w P\-lr-Z-b-ß-fn¬

\n∂v am™p-t]m-Ipw. kXy-hn-izmkw temIØp\n∂v A]-Xy-

£-am-Ipw. \nco-iz-cXzw i‡n]m]n-°pw. P\-ß-fpsS kz`mhw

Zpjn-°pw. ZpjvIr-Xy-ß-fn¬ apkvenwIƒ blq-Z∑m-tcmSv kmay-

ap-≈-h-cm-bn-Øo-cpw. Ah¿°n-S-bn¬ hep-Xmb n∂n-∏p-≠m-Ipw.

Ah¿ At\Iw Ahm-¥-c-hn-`m-K-ß-fmbn th¿Xn-cnbpw. De-am-

°-fpsS Ahÿ G‰-hp-a-[nIw Zpjn®-Xm-bn-cn-°pw. BIm-iØn-

\p-Io-gn¬ G‰hpw \nIr-jvS-cmb krjvSn Ah-cm-bn-Øo-cpw. Ckv

emw \m\m-`m-K-ß-fn¬\n∂pw B]-Øp-I-fm¬ hebw sNø-s∏-

Spw. F√m aX-ßfpw Ckveman\pt\sc BIaWw XpS-ßpw.

ssIkvX-h-aXw hfsc i‡n-]m-]n-°pw. Z÷m¬ Ahs‚

ssk\y-tØm-SpIqSn Ckvemans\ BI-an-°pw. Npcp-°-Øn¬

_mly-ambpw B`y-¥-c-ambpw Ckveman\v AXv hfsc henb

Hcm-]-Øns‚ Ime-am-bn-cn-°pw. AXp-t]m-semcp Imew AXn-

\p-aptº Hcn-°epw D≠m-bn- n√; taen¬ D≠m-hp-I-bp-an-√. (l

ZoYp KŸ-ß-fn¬ _m_p¬^nØ≥ apX-emb A[ym-b-ßƒ

t\m°pI).


apkvenwIfpsS C∂sØ ÿnXn

B Imew kam-K-Xamtbm F∂v \ap°v ]cn-tim-[n-°mw.

bYm¿∞-Øn¬ apkvenwIfpsS aX-]-c-amb ÿnXn apI-fn¬

NnXo-I-cn®Xn-t\mSv tbmPn-°p-∂p. FX t]¿ kXy-lr-Z-b-tØm-

Sp-IqSn A√m-lp-hn¬ C∂v hniz-kn-°p∂p≠v? \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-

bpsS ZuXy-Øn¬ lrZ-b-]q¿∆w hnizn-k-°p-∂-h-cmbn FX-

t]-cp≠v? C¬lmw (Zn-hy-sh-fn-]m-Sv), ae-°p-Iƒ, ac-Wm-\-¥c

Pohn-Xw, XJvZo¿(-ssZ-h-hn-[n), in£m-c£ apX-emb Imcy-ß-

fnepw D≈n¬ X´nb hnizm-k-ap-≈-h¿ FX t]cp≠v? \a-kvIm-

cw, t\mºv, l÷v, k°mØv apX-emb I¿Ω-ß-f-\p-jvTn-°p-∂-

h¿ FX t]cp≠v? aX-Øn\v euInI Pohn-X-sØ-°mƒ

]m[m\yw \¬Ip-∂-h¿ FX t]cp≠v? apkvenw temIØv

aZy-]m-\w, hy`n-Nm-cw, NqXm-´w, ]en-i, sIme, If-hv, NXn, \p

W, \njn-≤-t`m-P\w apX-emb F√ ZpjvIr-Xy-ßfpw XIr-Xn-

bm-bn-Øs∂ \S-°p-∂n-√tbm? aue-hn-am-cpsS PohnXw bYm

¿∞ CkvemanI Pohn-X-Øns‚ amXr-I-bmtWm? Ah-cn¬ A[n

Iw t]cpw Zpkzm- m-hn-Ifpw Zpjn-®-hcpw aX-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn Pohn-

°p-∂-h-cp-am-sW-∂Xv kXy-a-√tbm?

Ckvemans‚ B`y-¥-c-amb ÿnXn-bm-Wn-Xv. adp-`m-KØv

Ct∂m \msftbm IY Ign-t™-°p-sa∂v `b-s∏-Sp-amdv Ckv

emans‚ AkvXnXzw _mly-amb BI-a-W-Øn\v Cc-bm-bn-Øo

¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p. F√m P\-ßfpw Ckveman-s\-Xn-cmbn cwK-Øn-d-

ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ]hm-NI tijvT-\mb lZvdØv apl-Ω-Zp-ap-kv

X- m (k) Xncp-ta-\n-sb-∏‰n \oN-amb Bt£-]-ßƒ ]pd-s∏Sp-

hn-°p-∂p. B hn-ip-≤m-flmhv \nµyhpw \nIr-jvS-hp-amb A]hm-

Z-ßƒ°v e£y-am-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p. Ckvem-anIm≤ym]-\-ßsf

Ae-t¶m-e-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw AXns\ ]cn-lm-k-]m-X-am-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. InkvXp-aXw DK-XbpsS D®w ]m]n-®n-cn-°p-IbmWv.

AXv `c-W-Iq-S-Øns‚ aSn-bn-en-cp∂p a‰p aX-ß-fpsS tNmc

IpSn®p hf-cp-Ibpw XSn®p ho¿°p-Ibpw sNbvXp sIm≠n-cn°p

∂p. lnµp-a-Xhpw Bcy≥ sImSnbp-b¿Øn Ckvemans\ BI-

an®p sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂p. \nco-iz-cXzw kzbw Hcp kpµ-c-cq-]-Øn¬

]Z¿in-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw AXv AXn-s‚ he temI-Øns‚ \m\m-

`m-KØpw hoip-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.


Npcp-°-Øn¬, Ckvemans‚ \uI hn]-XvI-c-amb Hcp sImSp-

¶m-‰n¬ AI-s∏-ń-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. AXns\ c£n-°m-\mbn A√m

lphns‚ ssI apt∂m´p h∂n-s√-¶n¬ AXp Ic-]-‰p∂ Imcyw

Akm-≤y-am-Ip-∂p. \_n Xncp-ta\n \sΩ PmK-X-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-

≠n-cp∂ B Imew CXm-sW∂p ta¬∏d™ ÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ

hnfn-t®m-Xp-∂p. \√-t]mse NnI™p t\m°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ C

kvemwaX-ÿm-]-I¿ amX-a-√, as‰√m ]hm-N-I≥amcpw Cu Ime-

sØ-∏‰n ]h-Nn-°p-Ibpw Cu hn\m-i-I-c-amb ÿnXn hnti-j-

sØ-°p-dn®v Xß-fpsS P\-Xsb DW¿Øp-Ibpw sNbvXn- p-s≠

∂p ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bpw. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Cu Imew Ckveman\p

amX-a-√, as‰√m aX-ßƒ°pw s]mXp-hn¬ B]-XvIcw Xs∂-

bm-Wv. InkvXp-aXw i‡n-s∏-ń-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv bYm

¿∞ InkvXp-a-X-Øns‚ i‡n-b-√. bYm¿∞ InkvXp-aXw C

kveman\p ]pd-Øp≈ Hcp hkvXp-X-b-√, AIØp Xs∂-bp-≈-

Xm-Wv. C∂p i‡n-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xv InkvXp-a-X-ÿm-]-I-\p-ti

jw InkvXp-a-X-Øn¬ IS∂p IqSn-bn-´p≈ ]ng® hnizm-k-ß-

fm-Wv. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ ssIkvX-h-P-\-X-bmWv i‡n-s∏-ń-cn-

°p-∂-Xv. Ah¿ i‡n-s∏´p h∂-tXmSp IqSn temIØv \ncn-iz-

c-Xzhpw \n¿Ω-X-Xzhpw ]c-°p-I-bmWv sNbvXn-´p-≈-Xv. GXm-

bmepw F√m ]hm-N-I≥amcpw ap∂-dn-bn∏v \evIp-Ibpw Ah-c-

h-cpsS P\-ßsf PmK-X-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw DW¿Øp-Ibpw sNbvXn-

´p≈ Hcp s]mXp-hn-]-Øns‚ Ime-am-Ip∂p CXv.

Ah-km-\-Im-esØ hn]-Øn-\p≈ ]Xn-hn[n

ap∂-dn-bn∏p \evIepw PmK-X-s∏-Sp-Øepw amX-a√ ]hm-

N-Is‚ tPmen. AtXm-Sp-Iq-Sn-Ø-s∂, ]Xn-hn[n sNøp-∂-h¿

c£-s∏-Sm≥ th≠n At±lw ]Xn-hn[n ImWn®p Xcn-Ibpw

sNøpw. Fs¥-∂m¬, F√m ]hm-N-I∑mcpw Cu B]-Øn-s\-

°p-dn®v ap∂-dn-bn∏v \evIn-b-tXm-Sp-Iq-Sn-Øs∂ B ka-bØv

A√mlp Ahs‚ ]t≠-bp≈ ]Xn-h-\p-k-cn®v Hcp B≤ym-fln

I ]cn-jv°¿Øm-hns\ Fgp-t∂ev]n-°p-sa∂pw At±lw aptJ

\ temIØv ]cn-jvIm-c-ta¿s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw A‘-Imcw Zpco-I-

cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-sa∂pw ]h-Nn-®n-´p-≠v. B ]cn-jv°¿Øm-hn

s\ Xncn-®-dn-bm-\p≈ AS-bm-f-ßƒ Ah¿ ImWn®p Xcn-Ibpw

sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. B ]h-N-\-]-Imcw F√m P\-X-Ifpw C∂v


Ah-cpsS ]cn-jv°¿Øm-hns\ ImØn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. ap∂-dn-bn∏v

\evIn-bn- p≈ Imew CXp-X-s∂-bm-sW∂ Imcy-Øn¬ B¿°pw

`n∂m-`n-]m-b-an-√. apkvenwIƒ a-ko-ln-s\bpw alvZn-sbbpw

ImØn-cn-°p-∂p. InkvXp-a-X-°m¿ Ah-cpsS anin-lm-bpsS

c≠mw-h-c-hns\ ImØn-cn-°p-∂p. lnµp-°ƒ Ah-cpsS Ah-

Xm-c-]p-cp-js‚ BK-a\w ]Xo-£n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. A]-

Imcw Xs∂ a‰p-≈-hcpw Hmtcm-cp-Øsc ImØn-cn-°p-∂p.

F∂m¬ Ckveman\v ]pd-Øp-≈-h-sc√mw sX‰mb-[m-c-W-bn¬

AI-s∏- n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Zu¿`m-Ky-h-im¬ Ah-sc-√m-hcpw Xß-

fpsS aXw Poh-\p-≈-Xm-sW∂v Icp-Xn-t∏m-cp-∂p. hmkvX-h-Øn¬

Ckveman\p ]pdsa a‰p aX-ß-sf√mw Ime-l-c-W-s∏-´-h-bm-Wv.

Ah-bpsS Pohn-X-Imew Ah-km-\n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. AXn-\p≈ sXfn-

sh-s¥-∂m¬, Ckvemw aX-ÿm-]-I¿°p tijw Ckvemane-

√msX a‰p aX-ß-fn-sem-∂nepw ssZh-hp-am-bp≈ A`n-apJ kw`m-

jWwsIm≠v A\pKrlo-X-\m-hp-Ibpw temI-Øns‚ D≤m-c-W-

Øn-\p-th≠n ssZh-Øm¬ \nbp-‡-\m-hp-Ibpw ssZh-Øns‚

]pXnb AS-bm-f-ß-ƒ temI-Øn\p ImWn®p sImSp°p-Ibpw

Xm≥ ssZh-Øns‚ ASp-°¬ \n∂p-h-∂-h-\m-sW∂v tcJm-aqew

sXfn-bn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p≈ Hcmƒ D≠mbn´n√. Aßs\

D≠m-bn-´n-s√-¶n¬ ]ns∂ B aX-ßƒ°p Poh-\p-s≠∂v Fß

s\ ]d-bm≥ km[n°pw? AXn-\m¬, CkvemanI P\-X-bn-e-√m

sX as‰mcp P\-X-bnepw B≤ym-flnI ]cn-jvI¿Øm-°ƒ Bhn

¿ -hn-°p-Ibn√. AXp-sIm-≠mWv Ah-km-\-Im-eØv F√m ]hm-

N-I≥am-cp-sSbpw ]Xn-cq-]-ambn Htc Hcp hy‡nsb Ckveman¬

Fgp-t∂ev]n-°p-hm\pw At±lw apJm-¥cw F√m P\-X-I-sfbpw

D≤-cn-°p-hm\pw \n›-bn-°-s∏- -Xv. At±lw apkvenwIƒ°v alv

Zn-bm-sW-¶n¬ InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°v anio-lmbpw lnµp-°ƒ°v

IrjvW\pw a‰p-≈-h¿°v Ah-cpsS hmKvZ-tØm-≤m-c-I\pw Bbn-

cn-°pw. B temtIm-≤m-c-I≥ h∂pIgn-™p-sh∂v Rßƒ temI-

Øn\p kphm¿Ø Adn-bn®p sIm≈p-∂p. lZvdØv an¿km

Kpemw AlvaZp¬ JmZn-bm-\n-bmWv B alm-flm-hv. IÆp-≈-

h¿ ImWp-Ibpw sNhn-bp-≈-h¿ tIƒ°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-

≈-s´. A√mlp Ahs‚ hmKvZm\w \nd-th-‰n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. \_n-


am-cpsS ]h-N\w ]q¿Øn-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂p. hniz-kn-°p-∂Xpw hniz-

kn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xpw P\-ß-fpsS CjvS-am-Wv. ka-bsØ Xncn-

®-dn™p Cu ]cn-jv°¿Øm-hns\ kzoI-cn®p A√m-lp-hns‚

A\p-K-l-ßƒ°,v Bcw`w apX¬s° ]hm-N-I∑msc A\p-k-

cn-°p∂ kwL-ßƒ°mbn \n›-bn-°-s∏-´n-´p≈ B A\p-K-

l-ßƒ°v Ah-Im-in-bm-Ip-∂-h¿ mKyhm≥am¿! Xß-fpsS ]cn-

jv°¿Øm-hns\ ImØn-cn-°p-Ibpw cm]-I¬ At±-l-Øns‚

BK-a\w ]Xo-£n®p sIm≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-cm-bn´pw

At±lw h∂-t∏mƒ \ntj-[n-°p-Ibpw A√m-lp-hns‚ tIm]w

hne°p hmßp-Ibpw sNbvX-h¿°v I„w! sXfn-hp-Iƒ°m-sW-

¶n¬ bmsXmcp Ipd-hp-an-√. Ah ImWm-\p≈ IÆp thW-sa

t∂-bp-≈q. F√m-h-sc-bv°mfpw A[nIw sXfn-hp-Iƒ sIm≠p-

h∂ Bƒ lZvdØv apl-ΩZv \_n(-k) Xncp-ta-\n-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

At±lw ]Im-i-Øns‚ Nµ-\m-bn-cp-∂p. k≥am¿§-Øns‚ kq

cy-\p-am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂n´pw At±-lsØ Xncn-®-dn-™-h¿ FX-

t]-cp≠v? a°-bnse ][m\ _p≤n-Po-hn* At±-lsØ Xncn-®-

dn-™n-cp-∂pthm? Ko°v XXz-im-kvX-⁄∑m¿°v At±-l-Øn

s‚ kXyw a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ Ign-™pthm? bqtdm-∏nse kq£va-

Zr-°p-Iƒ°v At±-lsØ I≠dnbm≥ km[n-®pthm? hnip≤

Jp¿-B≥ ]d-™Xv FX ]c-am¿∞w:˛

""hgn-tI-Sn-em-sW∂v A√mlp hn[n-®-h¿°v Hcp hgn Im´n-

bp-ap-≠m-hp-I-bn-√. A√mlp Zp¿hr-Ø∑m-sc-b-√msX hgn-sI-´-

h-sc∂v hn[n-°p-∂n-√. B¿ kZp-t±-i-yØm-Sp-IqSn \ΩpsS am¿K-

Øn¬ ]cn-i-an-°ptam Ah¿°v \mw \n›-b-ambpw \ΩpsS

sNm∆mb am¿K-ßƒ ImWn®p sImSp-°pw''(hn.-Jp¿-B≥ 7:187,

2:27,29:70).

* \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS iXp-°-fn¬ AK-K-Wy-\m-bn-cp∂ A_q-Plv¬ Abm-

fpsS _p≤n-km-a¿∞y-Øm¬ a°m \nhm-kn-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ A_p¬ ln°w

(_p-≤n-bpsS ]nXm-hv) F∂ t]cn¬ ]kn-≤-\m-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬, Abmƒ°v

kXyw Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ Ign-™n-√.


lZvdØv AlvaZns‚ hmZw

lZvdØv an¿km Kpemw AlvaZp¬ JmZn-bm-\n-bpsS hmZw

Cßs\ kw£n-]vX-ambn ]Xn-]m-Zn°mw:

Rm≥ apkvenwIƒ°p th≠n alvZo-a-ko-lmWv; InkvXym-

\n-Iƒ°p th≠n anio-lm-bmWv; lnµp-°ƒ°p th≠n IrjvW-

\mWv; a‰p P\-X-Iƒ°pth≠n Ah-cpsS hmKvZ-tØm-≤m-c-I-

\mWv; ssZhw Cu ImeØv temI-Øns‚ B≤ym-fln-tIm-≤m-c-

W-Øn-\mbn Fs∂ Fgp-t∂ev]n-®n-cn-°p-I-bmWv.

F∂m¬, A√m-lp-hns‚ ]t≠-bp≈ \nb-a-a-\p-k-cn®v At±-

lsØ kzoI-cn-®-h¿ Xmc-X-tay\ Hcp \yq\-]£w amX-am-Wv.

At±-lsØ \ntj-[n-®-h-cm-Is´ alm-`q-cn-]-£-hpw. A√mlp

At±-l-tØmSv C]-Imcw ]d™p:

Š*~Zq-2+k,Wc*6,Š*äZÐJw:HXp.ZZÐJw™u

)E+™m501( Zzg(,izgWzg.VÐZkÅCðªCÙ™ŠuX temIØv Hcp Xm°oXv \evIp∂ Bƒ -h∂p. temIw

At±-lsØ kzoI-cn-®n-√. F∂m¬, A√mlp At±-lsØ kzo

I-cn-°p-Ibpw i‡-amb Zr„m-¥-ß-fneqsS At±-l-Øns‚ k

Xyw ]kv^p-S-am-°p-Ibpw sNøpw (XZvIn-d).

CXv A√m-lp-hns‚ hN-\-am-Wv. AXv ]q¿Øn-bm-hm-Xn-cn-

°p-I-bn-√. F∂m¬, in£ sIm≠-√msX kvt\lwsIm≠v hniz-

kn-°p-∂-h-cpw, bw sIm≠-√msX t]aw sIm≠v hnfn tIƒ°p-

∂-h-cp-amWv `mKy-hm≥am¿. Ah¿°pth≠n Cu KŸ-Øn¬

B B≤ym-flnI ]cn-jv°¿Øm-hns‚ kXy-Øn-ep≈ sXfn-hp-

Iƒ Npcp-ßnb \ne-bn¬ ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂p. Zml-ap-≈-h¿ Pe-

]m\w sIm≠v kwXr-]vX-cm-hp-Ibpw hni-∏p-≈-h¿ D≠p hbdp

\nd-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp sIm≈-s´. kwi-b-ß-fpsS Ipfncn¬ In

S∂p hnd®p sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂-h¿ Cu B≤ym-fln-I-kq-cys‚ shbn-

te‰v X∂-Øm≥ NqSp-]n-Sn-∏n-°-s´. Cu KŸ-Øn¬ CkvemanI

ho£-W-tIm-Wn¬ IqSn amXta lZvdØv an¿km Kpemw Alva

Zns‚ hmZ-ßsf ]cn-tim-[n-°m≥ hnNm-cn-°p-∂p-≈q. AXp-sIm-

≠v, hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥, icn-bmb \_n-h-N-\-ßƒ, ssZh-Z-Ø-am


b _p≤n F∂n-h-bpsS shfn-®-Øn-ep≈ Hcp ]cn-tim-[-\-bm-

Wn-Xv. a‰p aX-ß-fnse ]h-N-\-ßsfbpw Ah ap∂-dn-bn∏v \¬In-

bn-´p≈ AS-bm-f-ß-sfbpw ap≥\n-dpØn At±-l-Øns‚ hmZ-

ßsf ]cn-tim-[n-°m≥ Cu sNdp KŸ-Øn¬ ÿew aXn-bm-

hp-I-bn-√. ChnsS AXp-t±-in-°p-∂p-an-√.

æÚîçÊnÏß^]Ÿùe^Ö×#ä]ÖÃ¿nÜ

]cn-tim-[-\m-am¿§w

H∂ma-Xm-bn, ]cn-tim-[-\m -am¿§-sØ-°p-dn®v N¿® sNømw.

]cn-tim-[\ Ft∏mgpw GsX-¶n-ep-samcp ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-bn-

cn-°-Ww. AX-s√-¶n¬ D±n-jvS-êw Inń-sb∂p hcn-√. Ipcp-

S∑m¿ B\sb I≠ IY-t]m-se-bmbn AXv amdpw. Ipcp-S≥am-

csS IY-bn¬ Hcp ]mT-ap≠v. \√-t]mse ImWm≥ Ign-bmsX

GsX-¶n-ep-samcp hkvXp-hn-s\-∏‰n \S-Øp∂ ]cn-tim-[\ kXy-

tam, icn-bmb êtam Df-hm-°p-I-bn√ F∂-Xm-W-Xv.

AXn-\m¬ lZvdØv AlvaZns‚ hmZ-ß-sf-∏‰n ]cn-tim-

[n-°p-∂-Xn\p \mw icn-bmb ASn-ÿm\w ssIs°m-t≈-≠n-

bn-cn-°p-∂p. B icn-bmb ASn-ÿm\w hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥, kzlo-

lmb \_n-h-N\w, Ign-™p-t]mb ]hm-N-I≥am-cpsS ÿnXn-

K-Xn-Iƒ, ssZh-Z-Ø-amb hnti-j-_p≤n F∂n-h-bn¬ \ap°v

e`n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

]cn-tim-[-\-bpsS Xc-ßƒ

F∂m¬, ]cn-tim-[-\-bpsS ASn-ÿm\w \n¿Æ-bn-°p-∂-

Xn\p aptº AXns‚ Xc-ßƒ Xn´-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

]cn-tim-[-\bv°v c≠v am¿§-ß-fp-s≠∂p \mw a\- n-em-°-Ww-

˛-]-am-W-]-chpw _p≤n-]-c-hpw. aptºbp≈ Fgp-Øp-Ifpw hN-

\-ß-fp-am-Ip∂ tcJ-Iƒ hmZn-bpsS hmZ-Øn≥ta¬ Fßs\

shfn®w hoip∂p F∂p t\m°p-I-bmWv ]am-W-]-c-amb am¿§-

ßƒ. _p≤n-]-c-amb am¿§-am-h-s´, hmZn-bpsS hmZw FX-tØmfw

kzoIm-cy-am-sW∂v ssZh-Z-Ø-amb _p≤n-sIm≠v ]cn-tim-[n-

°pI F∂-Xm-Ip-∂p. DZm-l-c-W-am-bn, hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ ]cn-

jv°¿Ømhv icm-icn s]m°hpw tKmXºp \ndhpw D≈ Bfm-

bn-cn-°p-sa∂v aptºbp≈ GsX-¶nepw KŸ-Øn¬ ]d-™n-´p-


s≠-¶n¬ AXv At±-l-Øn\v A\p-Iq-e-amb ]am-W-]-c-amb

Hcp tcJamX-am-bn-cn-°pw. _p≤n-bp-ambn AXn\v bmsXmcp

_ ‘-ap-≠m-I-bn-√. Fs¥-∂m¬, B ]cn-jv°¿Ømhv icm-

icn s]m°hpw tKmXºp \ndhpw D≈ Bfm-bn-cn-°-W-sa-∂Xv

_p≤n-]-c-ambn AXym-h-iy-a-√. F∂m¬ hmZn-bpsS BK-a-\-

Imew Hcp ]cn-jv°¿Ømhv Bh-iy-ap-≈tXm A√m-ØtXm

F ∂v ]cn-tim-[n-°p-∂Xv _p≤n-]-c-amb Hcp tcJ-bm-bn-cn°pw.

Imc-Ww, Bh-iy-an-√msX A√mlp bmsXmcp ]hr-Ønbpw

sNøp-I-bn-√. Npcp-°-Øn¬, ]cn-tim-[-\bv°v Cu c≠v hgn-I-

fm-Wp-≈-Xv˛ ]am-W-]-chpw _p≤n-]-c-hpw.

]am-W-]-c-amb ]cn-tim-[\

H∂m-a-Xm-bn, \ap°v ]am-W-]-c-amb ]cn-tim-[-\-b-v°p≈

ASn-ÿm\w Xn´-s∏-Sp-Ømw. ]am-W-]-c-amb tcJ-bn¬ ]Y-a-

ÿm\w hnip≤Jp¿-B≥ BWv. Fs¥-∂m¬, AXv k¿∆-⁄

\pw _p≤n-am-\p-amb A√m-lp-hns‚ hN-\-am-Ip-∂p. AXv GXv

cq]-Øn¬ \_n Xncp-ta-\nbv°v Cd-ßntbm AtX cq]-Øn¬

CXp-h-scbpw kpc-£n-X-ambn \ne-\n∂p hcp-∂p. AXnse G

sX-¶n-ep-samcp hN-\-sØ-∏-‰ntbm ]Z-sØ-∏-‰ntbm h≈n

]p≈nIsf-∏-‰ntbm kwi-bn-°m≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√. AXv GXv

Ah-ÿ-bnepw Jfin-Xhpw kpZr-V-hp-amb Hcp Dc-°-√m-Wv.

AXp-sIm≠p Xs∂ AXn-s\-Xn-cmbn bmsXmcp tcJbpw kzo

Im-cy-am-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√. Ahsb H∂p-In¬ Jp¿-B\p tbm-Pn®

\ne-bn¬ B°n-Øo¿°p-I-tbm, As√-¶n¬ Ah-K-Wn-°p-Itbm

sNtø-≠Xv \ΩpsS IS-a-bm-Wv. Jp¿-B≥ Xs∂ ]-d-bp-∂Xv

t\m°pI:˛

A√m-lp-hn\pw Ahs‚ ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ°pw ]pdsa GsXm

cp hm¿Øbn-emWv Ah¿ hniz-kn-°pI (hn.-Jp¿-B≥ 45:7)

c≠m-asØ ÿm\w kp∂-Øn-\m-Wp-≈-Xv. \_n Xncp-ta-

\n-bp-sSbpw kzlm-_-Øn-s‚bpw GsXmcp \S-]-Sn-Iaw apk

¬am-∑m-cpsS Hcp-a-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb ]mc-ºcyw hgn-bmbn \ap°v

FØn-t®¿∂n-cn-°p-∂pthm B \S-]-Sn-I-a-Øn-\mWv kp∂Øv


F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Nne Bfp-Iƒ lZoYpw kp∂Øpw XΩn¬

hyXymkw I¬]n-°p-∂n-√. AXv hy‡-amb Hcp sX‰m-Wv. lZo-

YpsIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bp-sSbpw kzlm-

_-Øn-s‚bpw hN-\-ß-fm-Ip-∂p.(-kz-lm-_-Øns‚ hN-\-ßƒ°v

kmt¶-Xn-I-ambn "Ak¿' F∂mWv ]d-bp-∂-Xv). Ah-bm-Is´,

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS Imew Ign™v \qdp-\q-‰-º-Xp-sIm-√-ßƒ°p

tijw FgpXn tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏- -h-bm-Wv. t\sc-a-dn-®v, kp∂Øv

hnip≤ Jp¿-B-t\mSp IqSn-Øs∂ Bcw- -Imew apX¬t° XpS

¿®-bmbn \-S-∂p-h-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p. AXp-sIm-≠p-t±-in-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv

lZo-Yns‚ am¿§-Øn¬ IqSn-b-√sX apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øns‚

XpS¿®-bmb A\p-I-cWw hgn-bmbn \ap°v FØn-t®¿∂n- p≈

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bp-sSbpw kzlm-_-Øn-s‚bpw \S-]-Sn-I-a-ß-fm-

Wv. hnip≤Jp¿-B≥ Ign-™m¬ G‰hpwa[nIw hnizm-k-tbm-

Ky-amb tcJbpw AXp Xs∂-bm-Ip-∂p.

aq∂m-asØ ÿm\w lZo-Yn-s‚-Xm-Wv. apI-fn¬ ]d-™-Xp-

t]mse lZo-Yp-sIm-≠p-t±-in-°-s∏-Sp-∂X,v dnt∏m¿´p-Iƒ hgnbm

bn \ap°v e`y-amb \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bp-sSbpw kzlm-_-Øn-s‚

bpw hN-\-ß-fm-Ip-∂p. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n°p tijw Iptd Imew

Ign-™n-´mWv Ah P\-lr-Z-b-ß-fn¬\n∂v Fgp-Øn-te°v ]I

¿°-s∏-´-Xv. lZoYv tiJ-cn® alm-flm-°ƒ hfsc A≤zm-\n-®n-

´mWv A\¿L-amb B kºØv Hcp-an®p Iq´p-Ibpw IrXna

lZo-Yp-Isf icn-bmb lZoYn¬\n∂v th¿Xn-cn®p ImWn-°p-

Ibpw sNbvXn-´p-≈-sX-¶nepw Ah-bn¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw kwi-b-

ß-fpsS Ie¿∏p-s≠∂v _p≤n-bp-≈-h¿°v a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign

bpw. \qdp-\q-‰-ºXv sIm√-Øn-\p-tijw P\-lr-Z-b-ß-fn¬ \n∂v

tiJ-cn-°-s∏- Xpw ]Z-ß-fp-sStbm A¿∞-ß-fp-sStbm c£bv°v

Jfin-Xhpw I¿i-\hp-amb G¿∏m-sSm∂p sNø-s∏-´n-´n-√m-Xn-

cp-∂-Xp-amb B h-N-\-ßƒ Jp¿-Bs\t∏mse Jfin-X-hpw Ie

¿∏n-√m-Ø-Xpam-sW∂v _p≤n kΩ-Xn-°p-I-bn-√. CXv \ΩpsS

amXw A`n-]m-b-a-√. ap≥Im-esØ De-am-°fpw Cu XØzw

kΩ-Xn-®n- p-≠v. GsX-¶n-ep-samcp lZoYv hnip≤Jp¿-B\v FXn-

cm-bn-cn-°p∂ ]£w lZo-Yns\ ssIsøm-gn-°p-Ibpw Jp¿-Bs\

ssIs°m-≈p-Ibpw thW-sa-∂mWv Dkq-ens‚ KŸ-ß-fn¬ ]d-

™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. lZo-Yp-Iƒ sIm≠v ZrV-⁄m-\-a√ e_v[-am-


Ip-∂-sX∂v lZo-Yns‚ ssien-I-sf-∏‰n ]Xn-]m-Zn-®n- p≈ KŸ-

ß-fnepw hy‡-ambn ]d™n´p≠v. Npcp-°-Øn¬, lZo-Yns‚

ÿm\w aq∂m-a-tØ-Xm-Wv. AXp mh-\m-⁄m-\-am-Wv. AJfi-

amb ]mc-º-cy-Øm¬ icn-bm-sW∂p sXfn-™n-´p≈ hnip≤

Jp¿-B-t\mSpw kp∂-Øn-t\mSpw AXp InS-]n-Sn-°p-I-bn-√. F∂m

¬, Hcp Imcyw Hm¿Ω-sh-t°-≠-Xp-≠v˛ Nne Np‰p-]m-Sp-I-fm¬

lZoYpw ZrV-X-bpsS ÿm\-tØ°v FØn-t®-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. DZm-

l-c-Wm-bn, Hcp l-Zo-Yn¬ `mhn-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ Hcp Imcyw ]d-

™n- p-s≠∂p hnNm-cn-°p-I. B Imcyw bYm-k-abw kXy-ambn

]pe-cp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, lZoYp ]fin-X≥am-cpsS ]°¬ B lZo-

Yns‚ dnt∏m¿´v _e-lo-\-am-sW-∂n-cp-∂m-epw, B lZoYv icn-

bm-sW∂p IW-°m-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xp-≠v. Fs¥-∂m¬, A√mlp

AXns‚ kXy-Øn\v km£yw hln-®n-cn-°p-∂p. kw`-hßƒ

AXns‚ kXy-Øn-t∑¬ apZ-Ip-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. as‰mcp hn[-

Øn¬, Hcp _e-lo-\-amb lZoYv hnip≤ Jp¿Bt\mSv tbmPn-

®-Xm-sW-¶n¬, AXns\ Jp¿-B-t\mSv tbmPn-°mØ icn-sb∂p

]d-b-s∏-Sp∂ lZo-Yp-I-sf-°mƒ tijvT-am-bn´v IW-°m-°-Ww.

]ns∂, lZo-Yp-Iƒ°v ÿm\hyXym-k-ap-≠v. Ah ]e Xc

ß-fmbn hn`-Pn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p. lZoYp ssien-Isf kw_-

‘n® KŸ-ß-fn¬ AXv hni-Z-ambn ]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-´p-≠v. lZo-

Yp-I-fpsS B ÿm\ hyXym-k-sØbpw \mw ]cn-K-Wn-t°-≠-

Xm-Wv. lZoYp ]fin-X∑m¿ Zp¿∫-e-sa∂p hn[n-®n-´p≈ Hcp

lZoYv Ah-cpsS ]cn-tim-[-\m-hy-h-ÿ-b-\p-k-cn®v icn-bm-bn-

´p-≈ Hcp lZo-Yn-s\-Xn-cn¬ hcn-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Zp¿∫-e-am-b-Xn

s\ X≈p-Ibpw icn-bm-b-Xns\ kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw thWw. Cu

Xcw-Xn-cn-°¬ ]Imcw lZoYv KŸ-ß-fpsS ]Z-hn°pw hyXym-

k-ap-≠v. kzlolv _pJmcn as‰√m lZo-Yp-KŸ-ß-sf-°mfpw

tijvThpw icn-bp-am-bn-´mWv IW-°m-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. kz

lolv apkvenw AXn\p Xmsg \nev°p-∂p. ]ns∂ knlm-lp-

n-Ø-bn¬ _m°n-bp-≈-hbpw AXn-\p-tijw a‰p lZo-Yp-K-

Ÿ-ßfpw hcp-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v ]cn-tim-[\ \S-Øp-tºmƒ lZo-

Yp-I-fpsS ]Z-hn-sb-∏‰n ]cn-tim-[n-t°-≠Xv AXym-h-iy-am-Wv.

lZo-Yp-Iƒ°v Xmsg-bmbn ]am-W-]-c-amb tcJ-bn¬ hnizm-k-

tbm-Ky-amb Poh-N-cn-X-ßfpw a‰v NcnX KŸßfpw Dƒs∏Spw.


\mem-asØ ÿm\w a‰p ZnhyKŸ-ßƒ°pw Ign™p t]m

b ]hm-N-I∑m-cpsS Ncn-X-]-c-amb ÿnXnhnh-c-ßƒ°pw \ev

tI-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. B KŸ-ß-fn¬\n∂v, Ah hnip≤Jp¿-B

\v FXn-c-√m-Xn-cn-°p∂ ]£w Nne kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ hfsc D]-

Im-c-]-Z-amb ⁄m\-k-ºØv \ap°v e`n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. ]tXy-

In-®v, Ign™pt]mb ]hm-N-I∑m-cpsS ÿnXn-hn-h-c-ß-fn¬ \n∂v

Ht´sd shfn®w e`n-°pw. Imc-Ww, ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-am-bn, A√m-

lp-hns‚ F√m ZqX∑mcpw Htc h¿ÆwsIm≠vv \ndw ]nSn-∏n-°-

s∏-´-h-cm-Wv. F√m-h-tcbpw Xncn-®-dn-bm-\p≈ am¿§hpw H∂m-

Wv. AXp-sIm≠v Hcp ]hm-N-Is‚ \ne a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn\v

a‰p ]hm-N-I≥am-cpsS ÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ Adn-™n-cn-t°-≠Xv A

Xym-h-iy-am-Ip-∂p.

A©m-asØ ÿm\w Ign™p t]mb De-am-°-fp-sS, ]tXy-

In®v BZy-Im-esØ De-am-°-fpsS hN-\-ßƒ°pw Fgp-Øp-

Iƒ°p-am-Wv. Ah-cpsS KŸ-ß-fnepw H´-[nIw ]tbm-P-\-I-c-

amb ⁄m\-ti-J-c-ß-fp-≠v. Ah¿ h-fsc Bflm¿∞-X-tbm-Sp-

IqSn AXy-[zm\w sNbvXv hnip≤Jp¿-B-s\bpw lZoYp-I-sf

bpw ]‰n Nn¥n-®-Xn\p tij-amWv B \nK-a-\-Øn¬ FØn-t®

¿∂n-´p-≈-Xv. \n›-b-ambpw a\p-jy-k-l-P-amb sX‰p-Iƒ Ah

¿°pw ]‰n-t∏m-bn-´p-≠v. F∂m¬, AXp-sIm≠v Ah-cpsS tkh-

\-Øns‚ ta∑ Ipd-bp-I-bn-√.

Cu A©v am¿§-ß-fmWv km[m-c-W-bmbn apkvenwIƒ

GsX-¶nepw ]am-W-]-c-amb ]cn-tim-[-\bv°v ssIs°m-t≈-

≠-Xv. F∂m¬, Hcp hy‡n-bpsS hmZw ]cn-tim-[n-°p-∂-Xn\p

Cu A©v am¿§-ßƒ \mw kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw AXn¬\n∂v ]pd

Øp t]mIm-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xn-tesd AXym-h-iy-amWv

Ah-bpsS ]Z-hn-sb-∏‰n t\mt°-≠-Xv. AXm-bXv F√m-‰nepw

tijvTw hnip≤ Jp¿-B\msW∂v \mw a\- n-em-°-Ww. as‰

√mw AXn-s\-Xn-cn¬ _en-bm-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xm-Wv. F√m \mW-b-

ßfpw Xncn-®-dn-bm-\p≈ G‰hpw \√ Dc-°-√m-W-Xv. Hcp cl-

kyhpw AXns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬ ad®psh°m-\m-hp-I-bn-√. Ign

™pt]mb ]fin-X≥am-cpsS hN-\-ß-fpsS shfn-®-Øn-em-sW-

¶n¬ GsX-¶n-ep-samcp hkvXp-hns‚ clkyw ad-™n-cn-°p-I-

sb-∂Xv tIhew kw`hy-am-Wv. AXp-t]m-se-Øs∂ Ah¿


sX‰mb ImcysØ icn-bm-b-sX∂pw icn-bmb ImcysØ sX‰m-

b-sX∂pw [cn-®n-cn-°m-hp-∂-Xp-am-Wv. ]g-b-Im-esØ Znhy-K-Ÿ-

ßfpw \_n-am-cpsS ÿnXn-hn-h-c-ßfpw G‰-°p-d-hn-√msX \ap°v

e`n-®n-ń-√m-Xn-cn-°m-hp-∂Xpw AXns\ ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-s°m-

≠p≈ ]cn-tim-[-\-bn¬ \ap°v Imen-S¿® ]‰p-Ibpw \mw sX

‰mb \nK-a-\-Øn¬ FØn-t®-cp-Ibpw sNøm-hp-∂-Xp-am-Wv. lZo-

Yp-Iƒ dnt∏m¿´p sNbvX-Xn¬ sX‰p ]‰n-bn-cn-°m-sa-∂Xpw

Fs¥-¶nepw Imc-W-Øm¬ GsX-¶nepw ]Ztam A¿∞tam

amdn-t∏mbncn°m-sa-∂Xpw sXt‰m IrXn-atam Bb hN-\-ßƒ

Ah-bn¬ IS∂p IqSn-bn-cn-°m-sa-∂Xpw lZoYp hnZzm≥am¿ G

sX-¶nepw sX‰mb dnt∏m¿ńs\ icn-bm-sW∂pw icn-bmb dn

t∏m¿ńs\ sX‰m-sW∂pw [cn-®n-cn-°m-hp-∂Xpw AXns‚ ASn-

ÿm-\-Øn¬ \ap°v sX‰p ]‰n-tb-°m-sa-∂Xpw IqSn kw`-hy-

am-Wv. F∂m¬, hnip≤Jp¿-B\p sX‰p ]‰p-Itbm AXns\

icn-bmbn ]n¥p-S-cp∂ Bƒ hgn-tI-Sn-em-hp-Itbm sNøpI

km≤y-a-√. AsXmcp ]Im-i-am-Wv. AXns‚ apºn¬ Ccp-ń\p

\nev°-°-≈n-bn-√. Ccp´v AXn¬\n∂v _lp-Zqcw HmSn-t∏m-Ip-

∂p. AsXmcp am¿§-Z¿in-\n-bm-Wv. hgn-tI-Sn\p AXns‚ ASp-°¬

ÿm\-an-√. A√mlp ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv FX-ta¬ kXy-amWv:˛

""AkXyw AXns‚ apºn¬\nt∂m ]nºn¬\nt∂m

AXns\ kao-]n-°p-I-bn-√. AKm-[-⁄\pw kvXpXy¿l-\p-amb

A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v Cd-°-s∏-´-Xm-WXv''(-hn.-Jp¿-B≥ 41:43).

_p≤n-]-c-amb ]cn-tim-[-\m-am¿§w

c≠m-asØ am¿§w _p≤n-]-c-amb ]cn-tim-[-\-bm-Wv. AXm-

b-Xv, GsX-¶nepw ]iv\-sØ-∏‰n _p≤n-sIm≠v Nn¥n-°p-Ibpw

AXns‚ KpW-tZm-j-ß-fn-t∑¬ ]cn-tim-[\ \S-Øp-Ibpw sN

øpI. Cu am¿§-Øn¬ ]am-W-sØ-∏‰n Nn¥n-°-s∏-Sp-∂n-√. hmZn-

bpsS hy‡n-Xzw, At±-l-Øn-s‚bpw At±-lw hmZw ]pd-s∏-Sp-

hn® Ime-Øns‚bpw ÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ F∂n-h-bpsSta¬ _p≤n-


]q¿∆w ]cn-tim-[\ \S-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv. Aßs\ sNøp-∂-Xn\v

At±-l-sØ-∏‰n ap≥K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬ F¥p ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v

t\m°p-∂-Xp-ambn bmsXmcp _‘-hp-an-√. F∂m¬, Hcp Imcyw

a\- n-em-°-Ww˛ _p≤n-]-c-amb am¿§w ]am-W-]-c-amb am¿§-

sØ-bv°mƒ IqSp-X¬ hnj-a-I-c-am-Wv. AXv ]cn-tim-[-Is‚ta¬

DØ-c-hmZw Npa-Øp-∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬:˛

H∂m-a-Xm-bn, AXn¬ A`n-]m-b-hy-Xym-k-Øn\p hf-sc-b-

[nIw km[y-X-bp-≠v. Nne-t∏mƒ Hcp ImcysØ Hcm-fpsS _p≤n

icn-bm-sW∂v ÿm]n-°pw. AtX ka-bØv as‰m-cm-fpsS _p≤n

AXns\ ASn-ÿm\ cln-X-sa∂p ]d™p X≈n-°-f-bpw. Ccp-

hcpw Xß-fpsS A`n-]mbw icn-bm-sW∂p iTn-°p-Ibpw sN

øpw. AXn-s\-∏-‰n, Ch-cn-sem-cmƒ th≠X Nn¥n-®n-s√-t∂m,

As√-¶n¬ GsX-¶nepw Zpkzm-[o-\-Øn\v Abm-fpsS lrZ-bhpw

_p≤nbpw hnt[-b-ambn Ft∂m, AXp-sIm-≠mWv Abm-fpsS

ho£W-Øn¬ hyXymkw hcp-Ibpw Abmƒ sX‰mb \nK-a-\-

Øn¬ FØn-t®-cp-Ibpw sNbvX-sXt∂m \ap°v ]d-bm≥ km[n-

t®-°pw. AXn-\m¬, GsXmcp Imcy-Øn¬ _p≤n-]-c-amb \ne-

bn¬ ho£Ww sNep-Øp-∂pthm B Imcy-sØ-∏‰n A`n-

]mbhyXym-k-Øn\p IqSp-X¬ km≤y-X-bp-s≠∂p kΩ-Xn-°m-

Xn-cn-°m≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√.

c≠m-a-Xv, km[m-cW Ah-ÿ-bn¬ tIh-e-amb _p≤n hy

‡hpw Jfin-X-hp-am-sbmcp Dc-°-√-√. _p≤n D]-tbm-K-iq-\y-

am-sW-∂√ Cu ]d-™-Xns‚ A¿∞w. Xo¿®-bmbpw A√mlp

a\p-jy\p \evIn-bn- p≈ Hcp hnf-°mWv _p≤n. AXns‚ ]Im

iw Ahs\ kXy-Øn-te°pw t\cmb am¿§-Øn-te°pw \bn-

°pIXs∂sNøpw. ]e-X-c-Øn-ep≈ kwi-b-ß-fn¬\n∂pw A

ÿn-c-X-I-fn¬\n∂pw Ahs\ AXv kwc-£n-°pw. ASn-ÿm-\-

]-c-amb mh-\-I-fn-¬\n∂pw \nc¿∞I-amb Dul-ß-fn¬\n∂pw

Ahs\ AXv AI‰n\ndpØpw. AXp-sIm≠v _p≤n hfsc D]-

Im-c-ap-≈Xpw AXym-hiyhpamb Hcp hkvXp-hm-Wv. AXv A√m-

lp-hn¬ \n∂p≈ A\p-K-lhpw BWv. CsX-√m-am-sW-¶nepw

AXv A\yq-\-a-√. AXn\v H‰bv°v hkvXp-°-fpsS cl-ky-sØ-

°p-dn-®p≈ Adn-hn¬ ]cn-]q¿Æ-amb Dd-∏ns‚ ÿm\-tØ°v

FØn-t®-cpI km≤y-a-√. _p≤n-bpsS km¶¬]n-I-amb ^e-


ßsf kXy-s∏-SpØn A\p- -h-hn-Zn-X-am-°p∂ Hcp Iq´mfn AXn-

t\mSp IqSn D≠m-bm-e-√msX _p≤n°v B ÿm\w ssIh-cp-I-

bn-√. _p≤n°v klm-b-I-amb B Iq´m-fn-bm-h-s´, Hmtcm ÿm

\Øpw Hmtcm kµ¿`-Ønepw sht∆-sd-bm-Wv. _p≤n-bpsS k

lm-bn-I-fmb B Iq´m-fn-I-fpsS FÆw aq∂n¬ Ihn-bp-I-bn-√.

Ah-bpsS hni-Z-hn-hcw C]-Im-c-amWv:˛ temI-Øv- ImW-s∏-Sp-

Ibpw Adn-b-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂ Imcy-ßsf Ipdn-®mWv _p

≤n°v Xocp-am\w sNtø-≠-sX-¶n¬ B ka-bØv B Xocp-am-\

sØ Dd-∏n-te°v FØn-°p∂ AXns‚ Iq´mfn icn-bmb A\p-

-h-am-Wv. hnhn[Ime-ß-fn¬ hnhn[ ÿe-ß-fn¬ kw- -hn-®Xpw

kw`-hn®p sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-amb Imcy-ß-sf-∏-‰n-bmWv _p≤n

°v hn[n I¬]n-t°-≠-sX-¶n¬ B ka-bØv AXns\ klm-

bn-°p∂ Iq´mfn Ncn-X-am-bn-cn-°pw. AXpw A\p- -h-sØ-t∏mse

Øs∂ ]pI aqSnb shfn-®sØ ]pI \o°n ]Im-i-abam-°nØo¿

°p-∂p. ]n∂o-S-Xn-s\-∏‰n kwi-bn-°p-∂Xv hnUvVnØhpw _p≤n-

iq-\y-Xbpw `m¥p-am-bn-cn-°pw. AYhm _p≤n°v hn[n ]d-tb-≠

Xv Cµn-b-tKm-N-c-a-√m-ØXpw NcnXw sIm≠v At\z-jn-®-dn-bm≥

Ign-bm-Ø-Xp-amb Imcy-ß-sf-∏-‰n-bm-sW-¶n¬ B ka-bØv AXn

s‚ Iq´m-fn-bm-bn-Øo-cp-∂Xv C¬lm-sa∂pw hlvbvsb∂pw t]¿

]d-b-s∏-Sp∂ aq∂m-a-sXm∂mWv (l-ZvdØv akolv auDu-Zn(A)

s‚ _dm-los\ Alva-Zn-øm-bn¬\n∂v tImUo-I-cn-®-Xv).

Npcp-°-Øn¬ ]cn-tim-[-\bv°v ta¬]-d™ c≠v am¿§-ß-

fm-Wp-≈-Xv ]am-W-]-chpw _p≤n-]-chpw. Cu c≠v am¿§-ßfpw

D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn¬ a\p-jy≥ hnP-bn-bm-I-W-sa-¶n¬ Xmsg

]d-bp∂ \n_-‘-\-Iƒ A\p-k-cn-t°-≠Xv AXym-h-iy-am-Ip-∂p.

Btem-N\ XpS-ßp-∂Xn\paptº Hcp Bfl-ip-≤o-I-cWw

\S-ØpI; hmZnsb kXy-s∏-Sp-Øp-Itbm Ak-Xy-s∏-Sp-Øp-Itbm

sNøp∂ Nn¥-Isf lrZ-b-Øn¬\n∂v AI-‰p-I. ho£-WsØ

_e-lo-\-am-°p∂ Nn¥-I-sfbpw hnIm-c-ß-sfbpw ]£-]m-X-

ß-sfbpw Xosc Dt]-£n-°p-I. AXn-\p-tijw Bflm¿∞-ambn

A√m-lp-hn-t\m-Sp≈ `‡nsb ap≥\ndpØn hmZn-bpsS F√m

hmZ-ßfpw ka-K-ambn ]cn-tim-[n-°p-I. Cßs\ sNøp-∂n-s√-

¶n¬ bmsXmcp ^e-hp-ap-≠m-hp-I-bn-√. ]am-Whpw _p≤nbpw

\njv]-tbm-P-\-ambn `hn-°pw.


B≤ym-flnI am¿§w

ta¬∏-d-™h ùXnI am¿§ß-fm-Wv. Ahbv°p ]pdsa

B≤ym-fln-I-amb Hcp am¿§w IqSn-bp-≠v. AXp ]m¿∞-\-bmWv.

\n¿`m-Ky-sa∂p ]d-b-s´, temIw Cu A\p-K-lw C\nbpw Xncn-

®-dn-™n-ń-√. CXns‚ clkyw a\- n-em-°n-bn´pan√. ]co-£n-

°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ ]m¿∞\ Hcp Ihm-S-am-sW∂pw AXn¬IqSn

IS∂p sN∂m¬ a\p-jy\p A√m-lp-hns‚ Z¿_m-dn-se-Øm≥

km[n-°p-sa∂pw Adn-bm≥ Ign-bpw. AXp-sIm≠v Bh-iy-amb

kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ a\p-jy≥ B hmXn¬°¬ ap´p-Ibpw ]bm-k-

amb Imcy-ß-fn¬ Ahn-tSbv°v apJw Xncn-°p-Ibpw sNtø-≠-

Xm-Wv. ap´p-∂-h\p Xpd-°-s∏-Spw. tNmZn-°p-∂-h\p In´p-Ibpw

sNøpw. ssZh-Øns‚ hoń¬ sN√p∂ `n£-°m-c≥ shdpw

ssItømsS aStß≠nhcn-√. ]tXy-In®pw Cusbmcp Imcy-

Øn¬. temIw A‘-Im-c-Øns‚ ]mgv°p-≠n¬ \n∂v c£-s∏´v

]Im-i-Øns‚ D∂-X-ß-fn¬ FØn-t®-c-W-sa∂XmWv A√m-

lp-hns‚ e£y-sa-¶n¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw Ah≥ Ahs‚ `‡-Zm-

k-cpsS ]m¿∞\ kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw kvt\l--tØm-sSbpw hm’-

ey-tØm-sSbpw am¿§-Z¿i-\-Øn-\mbn Ah¿°v ssI\o-ń-s°m-

Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.

AXp-sIm≠v lZvdØv AlvaZn(-A)s‚ hmZ-ß-sf-°p-dn®v

]cn-tim-[\ \S-Øm¬ BK-ln-°p-∂-h¿ apI-fn¬ ]d™ ]am-

W-]-chpw _p≤n-]-c-hp-amb am¿§-ßƒ ssIs°m-≈p-∂-Xn\p

]pd-sa, ssZh-k-∂n-[n-bn¬ Xs∂-Øs∂ ka¿∏n-°p-Ibpw Xm

sg ]dbpw ]Imcw ]m¿∞n-°p-Ibpw sNtø-≠-XmWv:˛

""A√-tbm, Icp-Wm-a-b\pw Ir]m-\n-[n-bp-amb A√m-lp-th,

Fs‚ ho£Ww _e-lo-\-am-sW-¶n¬ Cu Imcy-Øn¬ kXyw

Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xn\pth≠n \o F\n°v ImgvN \evIn-bmepw. F

√m cl-ky-ß-fp-a-dn-bp∂ A√m-lp-th, Cu hmZn-bpsS hmZw

kXy-am-sW-¶n¬ At±-lsØ hniz-kn-°p-hm\pw \ns‚ ZqX

≥am-cpsS A\p-bmbn kwL-ßƒ°v Cd-°n-s°m-Sp-°p∂ A\p-

K-l-ßƒ°v Ah-Im-in-bm-Ip-hm\pw \o F\n°v `mKy-a-cp-fp-I.

At±-lsØ \ntj-[n-°p-I-sb∂ `mKy-tZm-j-Øn¬ \n∂v \o

Fs∂ c£n-°p-I. Fs‚ c£m-I¿Øm-th, AYhm At±lw


hgn-tI-Sn-te-bv°mWv hnfn-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ \o \ns‚ Ir]-sIm≠v

At±-l-Øns‚ D]-Z-h-Øn¬\n∂v Fs∂ ImØp-c-£n-®m-epw.

Fs‚ bP-am-\\pw DS-a-ÿ-\p-amb A√m-lp-th, Rm≥ \ns‚

I¬]-\bv°v hnt[-b-\mbn Cu Imcy-sØ-°p-dn®v ]cn-tim-[\

Bcw- n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬, Rm≥ Zp¿∫-e-\m-Wv. F\n°v Imen-

S¿® t\cn-Sp-I-sb-∂Xv Ffp-∏-am-Wv. AXn-\m¬ \o \ns‚ Imcp

Wyw sIm≠vv F\n°v t\¿hgn ImWn®p Xcn-Ibpw kXywshfn-

s∏-Sp-Øn-Ø-cn-Ibpw sNtø-W-ta. Bao≥.

]¿∞-\sb kw_-‘n®pw Hcp XØzw a\- n-em-t°-≠Xp-

≠v. ]m¿∞\ £a-tbm-sSbpw ÿnc-X-tbm-sSbpw sNtø-≠Xp

AXym-h-iy-am-Wv. ]m¿∞n-°p-∂-h≥ Hcn-°epw \ncm-i-\m-hm≥

]mSn-√. A√mlp X\n°v hgn-Im- n-Ø-cp-sa-∂p≈ Bibpw hnizm-

khpw Ah-\p-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww. lrZ-b-Øn¬ ap≥Iq- n-Øs∂ Hcp

A`n-]mbw cq]o-I-cn-°p-Ibpw AXn-\p-tijw ]m¿∞-\-bv°mbn

ssIøp-b¿Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xp sIm≠v ]tbm-P-\-an-√. tIh

ew D≈n¬ X´mØ \ne-bn¬ A[-c-ß-fm¬ Nne hN-\-ßƒsam

gn-™-Xp-sIm≠pw ]tbm-P-\-an-√. GXp-]-Imcw Hcp inip hnja-

L-´-Øn¬ temI-Øn\p t\sc IÆS®p amXm-hns‚ amdn¬

Xe Nmbv°p-∂pthm AXp-]-Imcw bYm¿∞-amb D≈p-cp-°

tØmSp IqSn ASn-bm≥ Ahs‚ kjvSm-hns‚ apºn¬ apJw

IpØn hogp-Ibpw ssZhnI-amb hnf°v Ahs‚ am¿§w ]Im-

i-a-b-am-°p-∂Xphsc Fgp-t∂ev°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I-bmWv

th≠-Xv. C\n \ap°v hnj-b-Øn-te°v ]th-in-°mw.


2. alvZo-a-ko-lns‚ Bhn¿`mhw

Jp¿-B-\nepw lZoYnep-ap≈ ]h-N\w

ako-ln-s‚bpw alvZo-bp-sSbpw BK-a-\-sØ-°p-dn®v \_n

(k)-Xn-cp-ta\n ]h-Nn®n´pt≠m F∂-XmWv F√m-‰nepw apºn¬

\nev°p∂ ]iv\w. CXn-\p≈ kam-[m-\-am-h-s´, Ah-cpsS hc-

hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ ]h-N\w \ntj-[n-°m≥ Ign-bm-Ø-hn[w hy‡-

am-sW-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. Ah-km-\-Im-eØv apkvenwIƒ°n-S-bn¬

akolpw alvZnbpw hcp-sa∂pw Ah¿ aptJ\ Ckvemw AXns‚

timNym-h-ÿ-bn¬\n∂v Fgp-t∂‰p temIØv ho≠pw ]_-e

s∏-Sp-sa∂pw XpS¿∂v AXns‚ B hnPbw temIm-h-km\w h

sc \ne-\nev°p-sa∂pap≈ Imcy-Øn¬ apkvenwkap-Zmbw GIm

`n-]m-b-°m-cm-Wv.

Cu ]h-N\w hnip≤ Jp¿B\n¬ D≈-Xm-Wv. icn-bmb

lZo-Yp-I-fnepw Cu ]h-N-\-ap-≠v. ako-lns‚ hc-hn-s\-°p-dn®v

hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ C]-Imcw ]d-bp∂p:

""\nß-fn¬\n∂v hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw k¬°¿Ω-ßƒ A\p-

jvTn°p-Ibpw sNøp∂-htcmSv A√mlp hmKvZm\w \evIn-bn-cn-

°p-∂p. GXp-hn[w Ah¿°p aptº Ign-™-h-cn¬ Ah≥ Jeo-

^-amsc \ne-\n-dp-Øntbm AtXhn[-Øn¬ Ah-cnepw Jeo-^-

amsc \ne\ndpØpsa-∂v''(-hn.-Jp¿-B≥ 24:56).


""\mw GXp-]-Imcw n¿-Hus‚ ASp-°-te°v Hcp ZqXs\ Ab-

®pthm AXp-]-Imcw \nßƒ°v km£n-bm-bn-s°m≠v Hcp ZqXs\

\nß-fpsS ASp-°-te°v \mw Ab-®n-cn-°p-∂p''(-hn.-Jp¿-B≥ 73:16).

A√mlp Cu hmIy-Øn¬ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\nsb aqkm-\-_n-

tbmSv kmZr-iy-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. B \n-ebv°v kpdx- \qdnse

hmIy-Øn¬ Ah¿°v aptº Ign-™-h¿ F∂v ]d-™-XpsIm

≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏-´Xv aqkm-\-_n-bpsS P\-ß-fm-sW∂p hy‡-

am-bn. C\n \ap°v aqkm-\-_n-bpsS P\-ß-fn¬ h∂ Jeo-^-am

sc t\m°mw. aqkm-\-_n°v tijw At±-l-Øns‚ P\-ß-fn¬

Xudm-Øns‚ tkh-\-Øn-\mbn XpS-sc-Øp-Ssc At\Iw Jeo-

-am¿ h∂p sIm≠n-cp-∂p. Ah-km\w 13 \q‰m-≠p-Iƒ°p tijw

ako-lns‚ Bhn¿`m-h-ap-≠m-bn. At±lw aqkm-\-_n-bpsS Jeo-

^-am-cn¬ sh®v G‰hpw tijvT-\m-bn-cp-∂p. "aqk-hnøm' DΩ-

Ønse "JmØ-ap¬Jpe^m' Bbn-cp∂p At±-l-sa∂p ]d-bmw.

Jeo-^-am-cpsS BK-a\w kw_-‘n®v \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS P

\sØ aqkm-\-_n-bpsS P\-tØmSv D]-an-°p-Ibpw aqkm-\-_n-

bpsS P\-ß-fn¬ Jeo- -am¿ h∂psIm≠n-cp-∂Xp t]mse \_n-

Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS DΩ-Ønepw Jeo-^-am¿ hcp-sa∂v hmKvZm\w

sNø-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°-bm¬ apkvenw P\-X-bn¬ Ah-

km-\-ambn Ckmboeo ako-lns‚ ]Ir-Xn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb "JmØ-

ap¬Jpe^m' F∂ ÿm\-a¿ln-°p∂ Hcp Jeo-^, htc-≠Xv

AXym-h-iy-am-Wv. kqdx-\q-dnse ta¬hm-Iy-Øn¬ apkvenwIƒ°m

bn km[m-cW Jeo- -am-cpsS BK-a-\-sØ-°p-dn®p≈ hmKvZm\w

AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xpt]mseØs∂, Ckm-bo¬ ako-lns‚

kZr-i\pw alm-ti-jvT-\p-amb Hcp Jeo-^-bpsS BK-a-\-sØ-

°p-dn-®p≈ hmKvZm-\hpw AS-ßn-bn-´p-s≠∂v CXp-sIm≠v ÿm

]n-X-am-bn. At±lw apl-ΩZo ako-sl∂v hnfn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv.

Hcp lZo-Yn¬ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpw C]-Imcw Acp-fn-bn-cn-

°p∂p:

æ]Öù„pÞËŠoen‚åÖnçÓàù]ámùßˆÙÊnÓÜ]eàÚ†mÜuÓÛ÷Â‚Ÿ÷

E‘vnx]Öfí^…pÒj^he‚ð]Öí×ÐD ÊnÓŠ†]Ö’ù×ngæmÏjØ]Öíßˆm†æm–Ä]Öv†h

GsXm-cphs‚ ssIøn¬ Fs‚ Poh≥ Ccn-°p-∂pthm, Ah-


\msW! \n›-b-ambpw hn[n-I¿Ømhpw \oXn-am-\p-ambn \nß-

fn¬ C_v\p-a-¿bw Cd-ßpw˛ At±lw Ipcnip apdn-°p-Ibpw

]∂nsb sIm√p-Ibpw Pkvb C√m-Xm-°p-Ibpw sNøpw (-k-

lolv _qJm-cn).

CXpt]mseXs∂ a‰p ]e lZoYp-I-fnepw ako-lns‚ Bhn

¿`m-h-sØ-°p-dn®v ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏- n- p-≠v. c≠m-asØ kwKXn

alvZn-bpsS BK-a-\-am-Wv. AXp kw_-‘n®v hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥

Cßs\ ]d-bp∂p:

Ah-\-sX, A£-c-⁄m-\-an-√mØ B P\-X-bn¬(-A-d-

_n-I-fn¬) Ah-cn-¬\n∂p≈ Hcp ZqXs\ Fgp-t∂ev]n-®n-´p-≈-

Xv. B ZqX≥ Ahs‚ hN-\-ßƒ Ah¿°v hmbn®p tIƒ∏n-

°p-Ibpw Ahsc ip≤o-I-cn-°p-Ibpw Ah¿°v KŸhpw XØz-

imkvXhpw ]Tn∏n®psImSp-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p; CXn\p aptº

Ah-¿ kv]jvS-amb hgn-tI-Sn-em-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-tcm-sSm∏w CtX-

hsc tN¿∂n-´n-√mØ Ah-cn¬\n∂p≈ as‰mcp P\-Xbnepw

(A-h≥ ZqXs\ Fgp-t∂ev]n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv). Ah≥ ]Xm-]-hm\pw

AKm-[-⁄-\p-am-Ip-∂p (hn.-Jp¿-B≥ 62:3,4).

ChnsS A√mlp \_n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS c≠m-asØ hc-hn-

s\-°p-dn®v ]h-Nn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. \_n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS KpW-K-W-

ß-fn¬ XnI-sh-Ønb Hcp ]Xn-]p-cp-j≥ Fgp-t∂ev]n-°-s∏-

´m-e-√msX ]n∂oSv hcp∂ P\-ßsf ]cn-]m-en-°p∂ tPmen

\n¿∆-ln-°pI \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n°v km≤y-a-s√-∂Xv ]Xy-£-am

Wv. B ]Xn-]p-cp-js‚ BK-a\w At±-l-Øns‚ BK-a\w

t]mse-bm-bn-cn-°-Ww. B ]Xn-]p-cp-j≥ At±-l-Øn¬\n∂v

i‡n t\Sp-Ibpw At±-l-Øns‚ Ime-Sn-bn¬\n∂psIm≠v A

t±-l-Øs‚ DΩ-Øns\ ]cn-jvI-cn-°p-Ibpw thWw. B ]Xn-

]p-cp-j-\mWv "alvZn'. Fs¥-∂m¬, ta¬]-d™ hN-\-an-d-ßn-


b-t∏mƒ, B as‰mcp P\X F∂p ]d-™XpsIm≠v Dt±-in-°-

s∏-Sp-∂Xv Bcm-sW∂v kzlm-_n-am¿, \_n Xncp-ta-\n-tbmSv

tNmZn-®-Xmbn lZo-Yn¬ ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p. AXn\p

\_n Xncp-ta\n Xs‚ A\p-N-c∑m-cn¬ Hcmfmb k¬am-\p¬

^mcn-kn-bpsS Npa-en¬ ssIsh®psIm≠v ]d™p:

kXy-hn-izmkw Ypdøm (Im¿Øn-I) F∂ \£-X-Øn-

te°v ]d∂pt]mhp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬Øs∂bpw (A-Xm-bXv temI

Øp\n∂v \nt»jw A¥¿≤m\w sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Xs∂-

bpw) Ct±-l-Øns‚ Iq -°m-cmb mcn-kn-I-fn¬\n∂p≈ Hcmƒ

AXns\ AhnsS\n∂v aS°ns°m≠p hcn-Ibpw ho≠pw temI

Øv ÿm]n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw (kz-lolv _pJm-cn- -X- vko¿ kqdx-

Pp-apA).

Aßs\ hnip≤Jp¿-B-\nse kqdx -Pp-ap-A-bn¬, \_n

Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS KpW-ß-fn¬ XnI-sh-Ønb Hcp ]Xn-]p-cp-js‚

BK-a-\-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ ]h-N\w AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. At±-l-

amWv alvZn. IqSmsX At\Iw lZo-Yp-I-fnepw alvZnsb kw_-

‘n® ]h-N-\-ß-fp-≠v. DZm-l-c-W-ambn A_q-Zm-hq-Znse Hcp

lZoYv Cßs\ hmbn-°p∂p:

ÖçÖÜmfÏFoÚà]Ö‚ùÞn^]ŸùmçÝºÖ_çùÙ]Ö×ùäƒ]ÖÔ]ÖnçÝujùoFmfÃ&Ênä

…q¡÷Úùßùo]æÚà]âØenjomç]›òo]‰Ûäü]‰Ûoæ]‰Ü]enä]‰Ü]eo

E]eç]¨Òj^h]ÖÛã‚pD mÛ£]Ÿ…šÎŠ_÷æÂ‚Ÿ÷ÒÛ^Ú×òk¾×Û÷æqç…]÷

temI-Øns‚ Bbp- n¬ Hcp Znh-kta _m°n-bp-≈q-sh-

¶n¬t]mepw Hcmsf Fgp-t∂ev]n-°p-∂-Xn\p th≠n A√mlp

B Znh-ksØ Zo¿Ln-∏n-°pw. At±lw F∂n¬\nt∂m Fs‚

Alvep¬_bvØn¬\nt∂m D≈ Bfm-bn-cn-°pw. At±-l-Øn

s‚ t]¿ Fs‚ t]tcm-S-\p-k-cn-®Xpw At±-l-Øns‚ ]nXm-hn

s‚ t]¿ Fs‚ ]nXm-hns‚ t]tcm-S-\p-k-cn-®-Xp-am-bn-cn-°pw.At±

lw temIsØ \oXn-\ym-b-ßƒ sIm≠p \nd-bv°pw; AXn-\p

aptº AI-ahpw A\o-Xnbpw \nd-™n-cp-∂Xp t]mse. (A_q-

Zm-hq-Zv, Pn¬Zv˛ InØm-_p¬a-lvZn).

Cu lZo-Yp-sIm≠v hy‡-am-Ip-∂Xv hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ alvZn


\_n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS KpW-ß-fn¬ XnI-sh-Ønb Hcp ]Xn-]p-

cp-j-\m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw B≤ym-fln-I-amb \ne-bn¬ At±-l-Øn

s‚ hchv \_n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS hc-hm-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂p-am-Wv.

Npcp-°-Øn¬, Ckveman¬ ako-ln-s‚bpw alvZn-bpsSbpw

hc-hn-s\-°p-dn®v ap∂-dn-bn∏v \evIn-bn- p-s≠∂ Imcy-Øn¬ X¿

°-an-√. apkvenwIfn-ep≈ Ip´n-Iƒ°pt]mepw Adn-bm-hp∂ Hcp

Imcy-am-Wn-Xv. C°m-eØv apkvenwtemIw apgp-h\pw hfsc Bth-

i-tØm-Sp-IqSn ako-ln-s‚bpw alvZn-bp-sSbpw hchv ImØn-cn-

°p-I-bmWv. Ah-cpsS hc-hn-t\mSv _‘-s∏-´mWv Xß-fpsS

A`n-hr≤n \ne-sIm-≈p-∂-sX∂v apkvenw kaqlw hniz-kn-°p-

Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

hnip≤ Jp¿-B\pw Xncp-ta-\n-bpw ako-ln-s\-∏-‰nbpw alvZn-

sb-∏-‰nbpw ]h-Nn-®n- p-≈-Xp-t]mseØs∂ Ahsc kw_-‘n®v

Nne AS-bm-f-ßƒ hnh-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p-≠v. B AS-bm-f-

ßƒ lZvdØv AlvaZns‚ BK-a-\-Øn¬ ]q¿Øn-bm-bn- pt≠m

F∂p A√m-lp-hns‚ kp∂-Øns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬ ]cn-tim-[n-

t°-≠Xv \ΩpsS IS-a-bm-Wv. F∂m¬, Aßs\ sNøp-∂-Xn\v

aptº, ako-ln-s\bpw alvZn-sbbpw kw_-‘n®v apkvenwIƒ°n-

S-bn¬ ]c-∂n-´p≈ ][m-\-s∏´ c≠v sX‰p[m-c-W-Iƒ, AI-t‰-

≠Xv AXym-h-iy-am-Ip-∂p. B sX‰p[m-c-W-Iƒ \oßm-Xn-cn°p-

∂n-S-tØmfw lZvdØv AlvaZns‚ hmZw ]Y-a-ho-£-W-Øn

¬Øs∂ apkvenwIƒ°v kzoIm-cy-a-√msX hcp-∂-Xm-Wv. B

sX‰p[m-c-W-Iƒ Xmsg ]d-bp-∂-h-bm-Wv. 1. Cukm-\-_n(-A)

Pohn-®n-cn-∏pt≠m? C√tbm? 2. hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ akolpw

alvZnbpw Hcmƒ Xs∂tbm AYhm c≠v hyXykvX hy‡n-I

tfm? Cukm\-_n(-A) BIm-i-Øn¬ ÿqe-tZ-l-tØm-Sp-IqSn

Pohn-®n-cn-∏p-s≠∂pw At±lwXs∂-bmWv Ah-km-\-Im-eØv

Cd-ßn-h-cn-I-sb∂pw C°m-esØ apkvenwIƒ°n-S-bn¬ sX‰p

[m-cW ]c-∂n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. AXp-t]mseXs∂ akolpw alvZn

bpw c≠v hyXykvX hy‡n-I-fm-sW∂ sX‰p-[m-c-W-Iƒ \nanØw

km[m-cW apkvenwIƒ lZvdØv AlvaZns‚ hmZ-ß-sf-°p-dn®v

i≤n-°p-∂n-√. AXn-\m¬, BZy-ambn \ap°v Cu Imcy-ßƒ

N¿® sNømw. h_n-√mln Xu^o-Jv.


Cukm(-A) BIm-i-tØ-°p-b¿Ø-s∏- n- n√

H∂m-a-Xmbn ]cn-tim-[n-t°-≠Xv Cukm-\_n BIm-i-Øn

¬ ÿqe-i-co-c-tØm-Sp-IqSn hmk-ap-d-∏n-®n-´pt≠m F∂-Xm-Wv.

At±lw ÿqe-i-coc-tØm-Sp-IqSn BIm-i-Øn-te°v Db¿Ø-

s∏-´-Xmbpw Ct∏mgpw AhnsS Xma-kn®p hcp-∂-Xmbpw hnip-

≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬ \nt∂m icn-bmb lZo-YpIfn¬\nt∂m Hcp ]Im-

c-Ønepw sXfn-bp-∂n-√ F∂-XmWv AXn-\p≈ adp-]-Sn. hnip≤

Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp∂p:

\nßƒ AXn¬Øs∂ Pohn-°pw. AXn¬Øs∂ \nßƒ

acn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. (-hn.-Jp¿-B≥ 7:26)

`qan-bn¬ a\p-jy\v c≠v Ah-ÿ-I-sf-bmWv t\cn-Sm-\p-≈-

Xv. Pohn-Xhpw ac-W-hpw. Ch- c≠n-s\bpw A√mlp `qan-tbmSv

\n_-≤n-®n-cn-°-bm-Wv. Cu c≠v Ah-ÿ-I-fpsSbpw Imew a\p-

jy≥ qan-bn¬ sh®p-Xs∂ Ign-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ChnsS D¤-

hn-°p∂ tNmZyw Cukm-\_n Hcp a\p-jy-\m-bn-cns° At±-l-

Øns‚ Pohn-X-Im-e-Øn¬ hen-sbmcp `mKw Fßs\ BIm-i-

Øn¬ Ign-°m≥ XpS-ßn-sb-∂-Xm-Wv. At±-lsØ BIm-i-Øn-

te°v sIm≠pt]mb-t∏mƒ, a\p-jy≥ Ahs‚ Pohn-X-Imew

`qan-bn¬Øs∂ Ign-°-W-sa∂ Xs‚ Jfin-X-amb \nbaw

A√mlp ad∂p t]mtbm? Xo¿®-bmbpw C√. Cukm\_n Hcn-

°epw BIm-i-Øn-te°v sIm≠p t]mI-s∏-´n-´n-s√-∂pw, t\sc-

a-dn®v a‰p≈ a\p-jy-sc-t∏mse At±-lhpw At±-l-Øns‚ Pohn-

X-Imew Cu `pan-bn¬Øs∂ Ign®p Iq´p-I-bmWv sNbvX-sX-

∂p-amWv CXn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xv.

ho≠pw \_n (k)Xncp-ta-\nsb kwt_m-[\ sNbvXp-

sIm≠v A√mlp hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]d-bp-I-bmWv:˛

""A√tbm dkq-te, BIm-i-Øn-te°v Ib-dn-t∏m-bns°m≠v

Hcp AS-bmfw ImWn-°m≥ Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ \nt∂mSv Bh-iy-

s∏-Sp-∂p. \o Ah-tcmSv ]d-bpI! Fs‚ d∫v ]cn-ip-≤-\mWv;


Rm≥ Hcp ZqX-\mb a\pjy≥ amX-am-Wv'' (-hn.-Jp¿-B≥ 17:94).

Cu hmIy-Øn\v Hcp hymJym-\-am-h-iy-an-√. a\p-jy-\m-bn-

cn-°p∂ Ah-ÿ-bn¬ X\n-°v, ÿqe-tZ-l-tØm-Sp-IqSn BIm-

i-Øn-te°v t]mhpI km≤y-a√ F∂v ChnsS \_n(k)-Xn-cp-

-ta\n ]kvXm-hn®n-cn-°p-∂p. AXmWv ÿnXn-sb--¶n¬ Cukm-

\_n Hcp a\p-jy-\m-bn-cp-∂n´pw BIm-i-Øn-te°v ÿqe-tZ-l-

tØm-Sp-IqSn t]mhp-I-sb-∂Xv a\p-jy-s\-°mƒ D]-cn-bmb Hcp

krjvSn-bm-Wv At±-l-sa∂v ÿm]n-°p-∂n-√tbm? ]kvXpX hm

Iyw hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ D≈-t∏mƒ Cukm-\_n BIm-i-Øn-

te°v Poh-t\m-Sp-IqSn Db¿Ø-s∏-´p-sh∂p ]d-bm≥ GsXmcp

apk¬am\p ss[cyap-≠mIpw? ]hm-N-I≥am-cn¬ tijvT≥ lZv

dØv apl-Ω-Zv\-_n(-k.-A) Xncp-ta\n ]d-bp-∂-Xv, Poh-t\mSpw

ÿqetZ-l-tØmSpw IqSn BIm-i-Øn-te°v t]mIp-∂-Xn\v X

\n°v XS- -am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv Xm≥ a\p-jy-\m-sW-∂p≈ Ahÿ-

bm-sW-∂m-Wv.* B ÿnXn°v At±-l-sØ-°mƒ Xo¿®-bmbpw

]Z-hn-bn¬ Xmgv∂ Cukm-\_n Fßs\ BIm-i-Øn-te°v I

b-dn-t∏mbn? IjvSw! Cukm-\-_nsb BIm-i-Øn¬ Ib‰n Ccp-

Øn-s°m≠v apkvenwIƒ Xß-fpsS ]cn-ip≤ \_nsb A]-am-

\n-°pI amX-a√ sNøp-∂-Xv, ASn-sXm´p apSn-tbmfw A_-≤-

amb Hcp hnizm-k-Øm¬ InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°v klm-bn-I-fm-hpI

IqSn sNøp-∂p-≠v. Hcp Ihn ]mSn-bXv FX-Xs∂ ]c-am¿∞-a√!

ðZi[óVCÙ¦/:**Ý!*ðCÙp™ŠWVWÙ™Š

* ChnsS kzm`m-hn-I-ambn Hcp tNmZyw D¤-hn-°p-∂p-≠v. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n°v Poh-

t\mSpw ÿqe-tZ-l-tØmSpw IqSn BIm-i-Øn-te°v t]mIp-∂-Xn\v At±-l-

Øns‚ a\p-jy-\m-sW-∂p≈ Ah-ÿ-bmWv hnLm-X-sa∂v A√mlp hy‡-

ambn hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]d-™n-cns°, anAv-dm-Pns‚ ka-bØv Fßs\

At±lw BIm-i-Øn-te°v t]mbn F∂-Xm-W-Xv. AXn-\p≈ DØcw Fs¥-

∂m¬, At±lw anA-vdm-Pn¬ ÿqe-tZ-l-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv BIm-i-Øn-te°v

t]mb-sX∂ [mcW sX‰m-Ip-∂p. anAv-dmPv mhn-bnse A`n-hr-≤n-I-sf-°p-dn®v

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n°v A√mlp ImWn-®p-sIm-SpØ DXv°r-„-amb Hcm-flo-b -Z¿i-

\-am-sW-∂p-≈-XmWv ]c-am¿∞w. B A`n-hr-≤n-Iƒ bYm-k-abw D≠m-bn-´p-

≠v. D≠m-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. anA-vdmPv ÿqe-tZ-l-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-

bp≈ kw -h-am-bn-cp-∂n-s√∂pw t\sc-a-dn-®v, G‰hpw DXv°r-„-am-sbmcp Bflo-

b-Z¿i-\-am-bn-cp-s∂∂pw B Z¿i-\-Øn¬ A√mlp Xncp-ta-\n-sb-s°m≠v BIm-


i-]-cy-S\w sNøn-®p-sh∂pw ke-^p- zm-en-lo-ß-fn¬Øs∂ hen-sbmcp

hn`mKw hniz-kn-°p-∂p-≠v. DZm-l-c-W-ambn \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS hnip-≤-i-cocw

anA-vdmPv cmhn¬ qan-bn¬\n∂v th¿s]- n-cp-∂n-s√∂v lZvdØv Bbnim kn±o-

J(-d) ]d-bp-∂p. CXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ anA-vdmPv ÿqe-tZ-l-tØm-Sp-IqSn kw -hn-®-

X-s√∂v a‰p Nne ]fin-X-ti-jvT-∑mcpw ]d-™n- p-≠v. anA-vdmPv Hcp DXv°r-„-

amb Z¿i-\-am-bn-cp-s∂∂pw AXn¬ A√mlp \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\nsb BIm-i-Øn¬

]cy-S\w \S-Øn-°p-Ibpw mhnsb kw_‘n® \nkvXp-e-amb A`n-hr-≤n-I-

fpsS cq]w At±-l-Øn\v ImWn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I-bmWv sNbvX-

sX∂pw CXn¬\n∂v \√-Xp-t]mse hy‡-am-Ip-∂p-≠v. IqSmsX lZo-Yn¬ anAvdm-

Pn-s\-∏‰n YpΩ-kvXbvJf F∂pw ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. AXm-bXv "AXn-\p-tijw

\_n-Xn-cp-ta\n DW¿∂p' (_p-Jm-cn, InXm-_p-Øu-lo-Zv). anA-vdmPv ÿqe-tZ-l-

tØm-Sp-IqSnb Hcm-Im-i-bmXbmbn-cp-∂n-s√∂v a\- n-em-°m≥ CXn-e-[n-I-amb

sXfn-sh-¥p-thWw?

A\y-sc-s°m-≠√ Rm≥ Ic-tb≠n h∂Xv; Ft∂mSp sNbv

X-sX-√mw Fs‚ Nßm-Xn-am-cm-Ip-∂p.

CXbpw hy‡-amb hmIy-ßƒ D≠m-bn´pw apkvenwIƒ

sX‰mb hnizm-k-Øn¬ Dd®p \nev°p-∂p-sh-∂Xv B›-cy-I-c-

am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Cukm-\_n ÿqe-tZ-l-tØm-Sp-IqSn BIm-i-

Øn-te°v Db¿Ø-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-sh∂v hnip≤Jp¿-B-\n¬ Hcn-

SØpw ]d-™n- n-√. Aßs\ Bsc-¶nepw Rßƒ°p ImWn

®p Xcn-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ F√m-h-sc-bv°mfpw aptº Rß-fXp

hniz-kn-°m≥ k∂-≤-cm-Wv. ]t£, Cukm-\_n ÿqe-tZ-l-

tØm-Sp-IqSn BIm-iØp Pohn-®n-cn-°-bm-sW∂p sXfn-bn-°p∂

Hscm‰ hN\w t]mepw hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬ Cs√-∂p-≈-XmWv

]c-am¿∞w. hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ Cukm-\-_nsb kw_-‘n®v

(A-√mlp At±-lsØ Ah-¶-te°v Db¿Øn) F

∂p ]d-™n- p-≈Xv At±lw Poh-t\mSp IqSn BIm-i-Øn-te°v

Db¿Ø-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-sh-∂-Xn\v Hcp hn[-Ønepw sXfn-h-√.

Fs¥-∂m¬ Db¿ØpI F∂-Xns‚ Dt±iyw imcocn-I-amb

Db¿Ø-e-√, B≤ym-fln-I-amb Db¿Ø-em-Wv. _¬Aw _mDu-

dns\ kw_-‘n®v A√mlp ]d-bp-∂Xv t\m°pI:

\mw Dt±-in-®n-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Ah (B Zr„m-¥-ßƒ) hgn

Ahs\ \mw Db¿Øp-am-bn-cp∂p. F∂m¬, Ah≥ qan-bn-te°v

Nmbp-Ibm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv (hn.-Jp¿-B≥ 7:177).


ChnsS "Db¿Ø¬' sIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv, imco-

cn-I-amb Db¿Ø-e-s√∂pw t\sc-a-dn-®v, B≤ym-fln-I-amb Db¿

Ø-em-sW∂pw F√m-hcpw kΩ-Xn-°p-∂p. Db¿Ø-en-s\-Xn-cmbn

`qan-bn-te°v Nm™p-sh∂v ChnsS ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-

∂p. B ÿnXn°v Db¿ØpI F∂ ]Z-Øn\v Cukm-\-_nsb

kw_-‘n®p D]-tbm-Kn-®nSØv AXv imco-cn-I-amb Db¿ Ø-

se∂v A¿∞-sa-Sp-°m≥ F¥p \ymb-am-Wp-≈Xv? "d^A' F∂

]Zw a‰p-≈-hsc kw_-‘n-®m-hp-tºmƒ "B≤ymfln-I-amb

Db¿Ø¬' F∂pw Cukm-\-_nsb kw_-‘n-®m-Ip-tºmƒ im

co-cn-I-amb Db¿Ø¬ F∂pw A¿∞w I¬]n-°-Ø°hn[w

Cukm-\-_n°v F¥p khn-ti-j-X-bm-Wp-≈Xv? ]tXy-In®v Cu

km-\-_nsb kw_-‘n®v At±-l-Øns‚ Db-c¬ ac-W-Øn\p

tij-amWv D≠m-b-sX∂v hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬- -kq-dx-B-ep-Cw-dm-

\n¬ hy‡-ambn ]d-™n-´p-≠v. ac-Wm-\-¥-c-ap-≠m-hp∂ Db¿

Ø¬ B≤ym-fln-I-am-sW∂ Imcy-Øn¬ bmsXmcp kwi-b-hp-

an-√.

ChnsS as‰mcp Imcyw IqSn i≤n-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. ta¬]-d™

hmIy-Øn¬ Cukm-\-_nsb Db¿Øn-bXv BIm-i-Øn-te-°m-

sW-∂-√, t\sc-a-dn®v A√m-lp-hns‚ ASp-°-te-°m-sW-∂mWv

]d-™n-´p-≈-Xv. A√mlp F√m ÿe-Øp-ap-≠v. BIm-i-Øn¬

amXw ]cn-an-X-\-√. At∏mƒ Ahs‚ ASp-°-te°p Db¿Øn

F∂-Xn\p BIm-i-Øn-te-°p-b¿Øn F∂p Fßs\ A¿∞w

]d-bm≥ km[n°pw? A√m-lp-hns‚ ASp-°-te°v Db¿Øn F

∂-Xn\p B≤ym-fln-I-amb Db¿Ø-se∂ Htc Hcp A¿∞wamX

ta kzoI-cn-°m≥ \nhr-Øn-bp-≈q. Imc-Ww, A√mlp F√m-bn

SØpw lmP-cp-≈-h\pw F√mw ImWp-∂-h-\p-amWv. AXn-\m¬,

imco-cn-I-amb Db¿Ø-ens\ Hcp hn[-Ønepw Ah-t\mSp kw_-

‘n-∏-n°p-hm≥ hø. A√m-lp-hns‚ ASp-°-te--°p≈ Cukm-\-

_n-bpsS Db-c¬ imco-cn-I-amsW-∂mWv k¶¬]n-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬

B hN\wXs∂ \nc¿∞-I-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂Xm-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬,

AXns‚ A¿∞w At±lw Fhn-sS-bm-bn-cp-∂pthm Ahn-sSØ

s∂ At±-lsØ \ndp-Øn-sb-∂m-bn-cn°pw. A√mlp F√m-bnS

Øpw D≈-h-\m-W-t√m. AXp-sIm≠v Cukm-\-_n-bpsS Db-c¬

imcocn-I-a-√, B≤ym-fln-I-am-sW∂v kv]jvS-am-bn. Hcp lZo-


Yn¬ \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n C]-Imcw ]d-bp∂p:

EÒßˆÙ]ÖÃÛ^ÙD ]ƒ]iç]•Ä]ÖÃf‚…ÊÄ]Ö×ùä]Öo]ÖŠÛ«ð]ÖŠêÃäA√m-lp-hns‚ ASnbm≥ hn\bw ssIs°m-≈p-I-bm-sW

¶n¬ A√mlp Ahs\ Ggmw BIm-i-Øn-te°v Db¿Øpw

(I≥kp¬-D-Ωm¬, Pn¬Zv2).

Cu ÿeØpw ÿqe-tZ-l-tØm-Sp-IqSn BIm-i-Øn-te-°p-

b¿Øn F∂ A¿∞w I¬]n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bptam? Aßs\Iev

]n-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Cu hN-\-Øn-e-S-ßnb A√m-lp-hns‚ hmKv

Zm\w (\-Du-Zp-_n-√m-lv) If-hm-sW∂p kΩ-Xn-t°≠n hcpw.Imc-

Ww, \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpw kzlm-_Øpw Ah¿°p-ti-j-ap≈ e

t£m-]-e£w apkvenwIfpw A√m-lp-hn-\p-th≠n hn\bw ssI

s°m-≠-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p. F∂n´pw Ah-cn¬ Hcmƒt]mepw BImi-

Øn-te°v ÿqe-tZ-l-tØm-Sp-IqSn Db¿Øs∏ń-√. AXn-\m¬,

Chn-sSbpw hn\bw ssIs°m-≈p-∂-h¿ ÿqe-tZ-l-tØm-Sp-IqSn

BIm-i-Øn-te°v Db¿Ø-s∏-Sp-sa-∂-√, t\sc-a-dn®v A√mlp

Ah-cpsS ]Zhn Db¿Øp-Ibpw Ah¿°v B≤ym-fln-I-amb Db

¿® ssIh-cp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-sa-∂mWv A¿∞-sa-Sp-t°-≠-sX∂v

hy‡-am-Wv. BIm-i-sa∂ ]Zw D≠m-bn-´p-Iq-Snbpw Cu A¿∞-

amWv Rß-fpsS FXn-cm-fn-I-fmb De-am-°ƒ t]mepw Cu hN-

\-Øn\p \evIp-∂-Xv. ]ns∂ F¥n\p Cukm-\-_nsb Ipdn®p

amXw, A√m-lp-hns‚ ASp-°-te-°v Db¿Øn-sb∂p ]d-bp-tºm

ƒ ÿqe-tZ-l-tØm-Sp-IqSn BIm-i-Øn-te°v Db¿Øn-sb∂v

A¿∞w I¬]n-°Ww?

Cukm-\-_n(-A)-bpsS acWw

Cukm-\_n Hcn-°epw ÿqe-tZ-l-tØm-Sp-IqSn BIm-i-

Øn-te°v Db¿Ø-s∏-ń-ń-s√-∂pw, t\sc-a-dn-®v, A√m-lp-hns‚

hn[n-b-\p-k-cn®v At±lw Pohn-X-Imew apgp-h\pw Cu qan-bn¬

Ign®p Iq´p-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-sX∂pw A√m-lp-hns‚ Ir]-bm¬

hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ sIm≠pw l-Zo-kp-sIm≠pw sXfn-bn®p Ign

™p. C\n Rm≥ ssZh-k-lmbw sIm≠p sXfn-bn-°m≥ Dt±-

in-°p-∂Xv At±lw acn®p t]mbn-cn-°p∂p F∂m-Wv. Cukm-\_n

acn®p t]mbn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v sXfn-bn-t°--≠Xv Rß-fpsS _m

[y-X-bn¬s]´ Imcy-ta-b-√. Imc-Ww, F√m-h¿°p-a-dnbmw tem


Iw \mi-Øns‚ tKl-am-sW∂pw ChnsS P\n-°p-∂-h-sc√mw

acn-°p-sa-∂pw. hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂Xv t\m°pI:

F√m Pohn°pw acWw \n›-bn-°-s∏- -Xm-Wv (-Jp¿-B≥ 29:58)

F∂m¬, Cukm\_n acn®n´ns√-∂p≈ Hcp hnizmkw

s]mXp P\-ß-fn¬ ]c∂phim-bn-´p-≠v. CsXmcp sX‰mb [mc-

W-bm-Wv, CXv \o°w sNtø-≠Xv AXym-h-iy-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

A√mlp hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]d-bp∂p:

apl-ΩZv A√m-lp-hns‚ Hcp dkq¬ amX-am-Wv. At±-lØn

\v aptºbp≈ dkq¬am-sc√mw Ime-KXn ]m]n®p Ign-™n-cn

°p-∂p. At∏mƒ At±lw acn-°p-Itbm sIm√-s∏-Sp-I-tbm sN

øp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ \nßƒ \nß-fpsS IpXn-Im-ep-I-fnt∑¬ ]n¥n-

cn™p If-bptam? (hn.-Jp¿-B≥ 3:145)

Cu hN-\-Øn¬ A√mlp Cukm-\-_n-bpsS acWw Jfin-

X-ambn ]Jym-]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n°v aptºbp-≠m-

bn-cp∂ dkq¬am-sc√mw Hs∂m-gn-bmsX ac-W-s∏´p t]mbn-cn°p-

∂p-sh-∂mWv CXn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

F∂m¬, Cu hN-\-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p≈ "Jem' F∂

]Z-Øn\v acn-°pI F∂p amX-a-√, ÿew hnSpI, Ign™pt]m

hpI F∂p-IqSn A¿∞-ap-s≠∂pw GsXm-cmƒ BIm-i-Øn-te

°v t]mIp-∂pthm Abm-sf-∏-‰nbpw ÿew-hn- pIgn™p t]mbn

F∂p ]d-bm-hp-∂-Xm-sW∂pw AXn-\m¬, ChnsS acn®p t]mbn

F∂ A¿∞-sa-Sp-t°-≠-Xn-s√∂pw ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v. F∂m¬,

"Jem F∂ ]Z-Øn\p i_vZ-tImiØn¬ acn®p F∂pw ÿew

hn´p, Ign-™p-t]mbn F∂pw A¿∞-ap-s≠-¶n¬, Cu c≠v A¿

∞-Øn¬ GXm-Wn-hnsS tbm-Pn-°pI F∂v Xn´-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-

Xn\v ]kvXpX hN-\-Øns‚ kµ¿`-sØ-°p-dn®v Nn-¥n-°-Ww

F-∂m-Wv. "Jem' F∂ ]Z-Øn\v c≠¿∞-amWv i_vZ-tImiw


]d-bp-∂-Xv- -a-cn®p t]mhpI F∂ A¿∞-Øn\v tcJ ImWnt°-

≠-Xn-√. acn®p t]mhpI F∂ A¿∞-Øn\v kp]-kn-≤-amb

"XmPp¬ Adqkv' F∂ \nL≠p t\m°p-I. AXn¬ ]d-bp-I-

bm-Wv. Jem ^pem-\p≥ CZm amØ F∂p ]d-™m¬ C∂-

h≥ acn-®p-t]mbn F∂m-W¿∞w. X¿°--Øn-ep≈ hN\w ]cn-

tim-[n-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ B hN-\-Øn\v apºpw ]nºpw Rßƒ

]d-bp∂ A¿∞sØ hy‡-ambn A\p-Iq-en-°p-∂-Xmbn Im

Wmw. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n°v aptºbp≈ dkq¬amsc√mw A¥-cn®p

t]mbn-cn-°p∂-Xn-\m¬ At±-lhpw acn-°p-Itbm sIm√-s∏-Sp-

Itbm sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ \nßƒ Ckveman¬\n∂v ]n¥n-cn

bptam F∂mWv A√mlp tNmZn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu hmIy-Ønse

(acn-°p-Itbm sIm√-s∏-Sp-Itbm sNøpI-

bm-sW-¶n¬) F∂ `mKw sXfn-bn-°p-∂Xv \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n°v

aptºbp-≠m-bn-cp∂ ]hm-N-I∑m-sc√mw kz`m-hn-I-amb ac-W-

Ømtem As√-¶n¬ sIm√-s∏-Sp-I-bmtem Cu temI-Øp-\n∂v

aä-d™p t]mb-h-cm-sW-∂m-Wv. Ah¿ Cu temIsØ hn´p

]ncn-™Xv Cu c≠v am¿§-ß-fn¬ GsX-¶n-ep-sam-∂n¬ IqSn

amX-am-sW-∂p-am-Wv. Imew sNbvX ]hm-N-I≥amcn¬ GsX-

¶n-ep-sam-cmƒ BIm-i-Øn-te°v Db¿Ø-s∏-ń-cp-∂p-sh-¶n-tem,

ta¬]-d™ am¿§-ß-f-√mØ at‰-sX-¶nepw am¿§-Øn¬ IqSn

Ah-cps-S th¿]mSv kw`-hn-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶ntem A√mlp Xo¿®-

bmbpw B am¿§-sØ-∏‰n ChnsS ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Npcp-

ßnb]£w Cukm-\-_nsb CXn¬\n∂v Hgn-hm-°p-I-sb-¶nepw

sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬, A√mlp A]-Imcw sNbvXn-ń-√.

t\sc-a-dn-®v, kzm`m-hn-I-amb ac-W-Øn-s‚bpw Akzm- m-hn-I-amb

ac-W-Øn-s‚bpw c≠v am¿§-ßƒ amXw hnh-cn-°p-I-bmWv sNbv

X-Xv. Cu hN-\-Ønse "Jem' F∂ ]Z-Øn\v kzm`m-hn-I-ambn

acn-s®t∂m As√-¶n¬ h[n-°-s∏´p Ft∂m A√msX as‰mcp

A¿∞-sa-Sp-°m≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-s√∂v CXn¬\n∂v \√-Xp-t]mse

a\- n-em-Ip-∂p. F∂m¬, hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ a-s‰mcp ÿeØv

Cukm-\_n sIm√-s∏- n- n-s√∂v A√mlp Jfin-X-ambnØs∂

]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≠v.(-kq-dx-\n-km-Av). AXp-sIm≠v Cukm\_n

kzm`m-hnI ac-W-Øm-emWv Cu temI-Øp\n∂v th¿s]- -sX∂v

hy‡-am-bn. hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs‚ hymJym-Xm-°fpw ChnsS "Jem'


F∂ ]Z-Øn\p "acn®p' F∂p Xs∂-bmWv A¿∞w \evIn--bn-

´p-≈-Xv. Cu hN-\sØ hymJym-\n-®n-SØv Ah¿ Fgp-Xp-I-bmWv:

a‰p≈ ]hm-N-I∑m¿ ac-W-Ømtem h[-Ømtem Cl-

tem-I-hmkw shSn-™-Xp-t]mse \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\nbpw Cl-tem-

I-hmkw shSn-bp-∂-Xm-Wv. (X-^vko¿ Jmkn≥).

kp]-kn-≤-amb Hcp Ncn-X-kw- -h-Øns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬ ]cn-

tim-[n-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Cu hmIy-Øns‚ A¿∞w \ap°v IqSp-

X¬ hy‡-am-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. _pJm-cn-bn¬ C]-Imcw hnh-cn-°-

s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n \ncym-X-\mb Ah-k-c-Øn¬,At±-

l-Øns‚ tPmen C\nbpw ]q¿Øn-bm-bn- n-s√∂p≈ hnNm-cØm

¬ lZvdØv Dadpw a‰p Nne kzlm-_n-amcpw At±lw acn-®n-´n

s√∂pXs∂ hniz-kn-®p. lZdØv Da-dn\p Xs‚ Cu hnizm-k-

Øn¬ AX-ta¬ Dd-∏p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. At±lw hmfqcn-∏n-Sn-°p-

Ibpw \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n acn®p F∂v Bsc-¶nepw ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-

¶n¬, A√m-lp-hm-sW! Rm\-hs‚ Xe sImbvXpIfbpw F∂p

ap∂-dn-bn∏v \evIp-Ibpw sNbvXp. B ka-bØv lZvdØv A_q-

_-°¿, lZvdØv Da-dns\ hnfn®p ]d™p: A√-tbm, kXyw

sNøp∂ a\p-jym, Aev]w £an°q A\-¥cw At±lw F√m

kzlm-_n-am-scbpw A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn®psIm≠v Hcp sNdnb ]`m-

jWw \S-Øn. XpS¿∂v

apl-ΩZv Hcp dkq¬ amX-amWv;At±-l-Øn\v aptºbp-

≠m-bn-cp∂ d-kq¬am-sc√mw A¥-cn®p t]mbn-cn-°p-∂p; At±

lw acn-°p-Itbm sIm√-s∏-Sp-Itbm sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ \nß

ƒ \nß-fpsS IpXn-Im-ep-I-fn-t∑¬ ]n¥n-cn™p If-bp-tam?F∂

hN\w HmXp-Ibpw sNbvXp. CXp-tI-´-t∏mƒ lZvdØv Da-dn\v

t_m[y-am-bn, Xs‚ ]nb-s∏´ bP-am-\\pw Hcp dkq¬ amX-am-

b-Xp-sIm≠v a‰p dkq¬am-sc-t∏mseØs∂ ac--W-I-hm-S-Øn¬

°qSn IS∂pt]mtI≠ Bf-m-sW-∂v. lZvdØv Da-dn\p ]ns∂X

s‚ ]mZ-ß-fn¬ Dd®p\nev°p-hm≥t]mepw Ign-™n-√; hnd®p

sIm≠v Xmsg hoWpt]mbn.


ChnsS kzm`m-hn-I-ambn Hcp tNmZy-ap-Zn-°p-∂p. aptºbp-

≠m-bn-cp∂ ]hm-N-I∑m-sc√mw acn®pt]mbn-cn-°p∂p F∂pw

\_n Xncp-ta-\nbpw AXp-t]mse acn-t°≠ Bfm-sW-∂p-amWv

lZvdØv A_q-_-°¿ Cu hN\wsIm≠v ka¿∞n-®n-cn-°p-∂-

Xv. B ÿnXn°v aptºbp≈ ]hm-N-N-I∑m-cn-¬ Bsc-¶nepw

B kabwhsc Pohn-®n-cn-∏p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ kzlm-_m-°ƒ,

]tXy-In®v lZvdØv Dadpw At±-l-tØmSv A`n-]m-ssb-Iy-ap-

≈-h-cpw, lZvdØv A_q-_-°-dns‚ Cu A\p-am\w icn-b-s√∂p

]d-bp-am-bn-cp-∂nt√? Xo¿®-bmbpw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬,

Bcpw Aßs\ ]d-™n-√. ]XypX lZvdØv A_q-_-°-dns‚

\nK-a-\w icn-sh-°p-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS ac-

W-Øn\ptijw H∂m-a-Xmbn GsXmcp Imcy-Øn¬ kzlm-

_Øv sF°y-I-WvtTy\ tbmPn-®p-thm, B Imcyw Cukm-\_n

Dƒs∏s-Sbp≈ ap≥]-hm-N-I∑m-sc√mw acn®pt]mbn-cn-°p-∂p-

sh-∂-Xn-em-Wv. Ah-[m-\-]q¿∆w Btem-Nn®pt\m°p-I.

aptºbp≈ ]hm-N-I∑m--cn¬ Hcm-sf-¶nepw Poh-t\m-Sp-IqSn Ccn-

°p-I-bm-sW∂v k¶¬]n-°p-∂-]-£w kzlm-_m-°ƒ GI-I-

WvT-ambn tbmPn-®, lZvdØv A_q-_-°-d-ns‚ Cu \nK-a\w

sX‰m-sW∂p hcp-∂-Xm-Wv. A√m-lp-hns‚ ]hm-N-I∑m-cn¬

Hcm-fm-bn-cp∂ Cukm-\-_nbpw acn-®p-t]m-sb∂v CXp-sIm≠v

kv]jvS-am-bn.

as‰mcp ÿeØv A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:

A√tbm Cukm, Rm≥ \ns∂ acn-∏n-°p-Ibpw Fs‚

ASp-°-te°v Db¿Øp-Ibpw Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS Bt£-]-Øn¬

\n∂v \ns∂ ]cn-ip-≤-\m-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. \ns∂ hniz-kn-®-

h¿°v hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h-cpsSta¬ A¥yImewhsc hnPbw \ev

Ip-Ibpw sNøpw. (-hn.-Jp¿-B≥ 3:56).

Cukm-\-_n-bpsS acWw Db¿Ø-s∏-S-en\v aptºbmWp-

≠m-hp-I-sb∂v Cu hN-\-Øn¬ FX hy‡-am-bmWv ]d-™n-

cn-°p-∂-sX∂v t\m°p-I. apX-h- v o° F∂ ]Zw dm^nD°


F∂ ]Z-Øn\p aptº ]d™psIm≠v BZyw ac-W-amWp-≠m-

hp-I-sb∂pw A-Xn-\p-ti-j-amWv Db¿Ø-s∏-S-se∂pw kv]jvS-

am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ac-W-Øn\p tij-ap-≠m-Ip∂ Db¿Ø-s∏-S

¬ imco-cn-I-a-s√∂pw adn®v Bflo-b-am-sW-∂p-ap≈ kwKXn

X ¿-°-an-√m--Ø-Xm-Wv. AhnsS BZyw ]d-™-Xns\ HSp-hnepw

HSp-hn¬ ]d-™-Xns\ BZyhpw B°p-I-bmWv th≠-sX∂v

]d-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXn-\p≈ H∂m-asØ kam-[m-\w,

ImcWw IqSmsX A√m-lp-hns‚ hN-\-Øn¬ Aßs\

ssItø‰w \S-Øp-∂Xv blq-Zn-I-fpsS ssII-S-Ø-en\v Xpey-am-

Ip-sa-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. ap¥n-b-Xns\ ]n¥n-°p-Ibpw ]n¥n-b-Xns\

ap¥n-°p-Ibpw sNø-W-sa-¶n¬ AXn\v ]Xy-£-amb sXfn-hp-

th-Ww. c≠m-asØ kam-[m-\w, Cu hN-\-Øns‚ LS\ AXn\v

A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂n-s√-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. apX-h-^v^o° F∂ ]Zw

AXns‚ ÿm\Øp \n∂v FSpØp ]kvXpX hN-\-Øn¬ as‰-

hn-sS-sb-¶nepw sh®m¬ A¿∞w icn-bm-hp-I-bn-√. AXp-sIm≠v

hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n-se, \ne-hn-ep≈ IasØ kzoI-cn®v Db¿Ø-

s∏-S-en\p aptº ac-Ww-\-S-∂p-sh∂p kΩ-Xn-°p-Itb \n¿∆m-

l-ap-≈q. AXp-X-s∂-bmWv icn-bpw.

as‰m-cn-SØv A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:

""A√mlp ]d-bp∂ Ah-kcw, "Hm a¿b-ans‚ aI≥ Cukm,

Fs∂bpw Fs‚ amXm-hn-s\bpw A√m-lp-hns\°qSmsX c≠v


ssZh-ß-fmbn kzoI-cn-°pI' F∂v \obmtWm P\-ß-tfmSv ]d-

™Xv? At±lw ]dbpw, "\o ]cn-ip-≤-\mWv. F\n°v Ah-Im

i-an-√mØ Hcp Imcyw ]d-bpI F∂Xv F\n°v tN¿∂-X-√.Rm≥

Aßs\ ]d-™n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw \o AXv Adn™n-

cn-°pw. F∂n-ep-≈Xv \o Adn-bp-∂p. \n∂n-ep-≈Xv Rm≥ Adn

bp-∂n-√. Xo¿®-bmbpw \o ]tcm-£-Imcyw \√-hÆw Adn-bp∂-

h-\m-Ip-∂p. \o Ft∂mSv B⁄m-]n-®-sXt¥m AX-√msX

(thsd bmsXm-∂pw) Rm≥ Ah-tcmSv ]d-™n-´n√. AXm-b-Xv,

Fs‚bpw \nß-fp-sSbpw \mY-\mb A√m-lp-hns\ \nßƒ Bcm-

[n-°p-hn≥ F∂v. Rm≥ Ah-cn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-S-tØm-fw(-Imew)

Rm≥ Ah-cpsSta¬ km£n-bm-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬, \o Fs∂

acn-∏n-®-t∏mƒ Ah-cpsS ta¬t\m´-°m-c≥ \o Xs∂-bm-bn. \o

F√m Imcy-ßƒ°pw km£n-bm-Ip-∂p.'' (hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥, 5:117-

˛118).

Cu hN\w G‰hpw hy‡-amb \ne-bn¬ Cukm\-_n-bpsS

acWw hnfn-t®m-Xp-∂p. F∂n´pw aqkvenwIƒ At±-lsØ Poh-

t\msS BIm-i-Øn¬ ]nSn-®n-cp-Øp-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv! Cu

hN-\-Øn¬ Cukm-\-_n-bpsS ac-W-sØ-∏‰n ImWp-hm≥ Ignbp

∂ hy‡-X-tb-°mƒ IqSp-X-em-sbmcp hy‡-X hn`m-h\w sNøp

I km[y-a-√. ]t£, \ΩpsS Ben-ao-ßƒ AXnepw kwibw

krjvSn-°m-\mWv ian-°p-∂-Xv. DZm-l-c-W-ambn, Ah¿ ]d-bp-

∂p. A√m-lphpw Cukm-\-_n-bpw XΩn-ep≈ Cu tNmtZym-Ø

cw ]p\-cp-∞m-\-\m-fn¬ \S-°m-\p-≈-Xm-Wv. AXn-\p-ap-tº Cukm-

\_n acn-°m-\n-S-bp-≈--Xp-sIm≠v Ct∏mƒ At±lw acn-®n-cn°p-

∂p-sh-∂-Xn-te°v CuhN\w sXfn-hm-hp-I-bn-√. CXn-\p≈ kam-

[m-\-sa-s¥-∂m¬, Cu tNmtZym-Øcw ]p\-cp-∞m-\-\m-fp-ambn

_‘-s∏-´-Xm-sW-¶nepw ]kvXpX hN\w Cukm-\_n AXn-

\p-aptºØs∂ acn®p t]mbn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂p hnfn-t®m-Xp-I-bm

Wv sNøp-∂-Xv. Rm≥ Ah-cpsS CS-bn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-S-tØmfw

Imew Ah-cpsS ]hr-Øn-Iƒ°v Rm≥ km£n-bm-bn-cp-∂psh

∂pw \o Fs∂ acn-∏n-®-Xn-\p-tijw Ah-cpsS ta¬t\m- -°mc≥

\o Xs∂-bmbn F∂pamWt√m Cukm-\-_n-bpsS adp-]Sn Cu

hmIy-Øn¬ H∂n\p ]ns∂m-∂mbn h∂ c≠v Ime-ß-sf ∏-‰n-

bmWv At±lw ]d-™n-´p-≈-Xv. H∂m-a-tØ-Xv,


At±lw Xs‚ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ D≠m-bn-cp∂ Imew.

c≠m-a-tØXv, ac-W-Øn\p tij-ap≈ Imew.

Cukm-\_n(A) At±-l-Øns‚ P\-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ D≠m-bn-

cp∂ H∂m-asØ Ime-Øn-\p-tijw acn-°p-∂-Xn\p ]Icw BIm-

i-Øn-te°v Db¿Ø-s∏-Sp-I-bmWv sNbvXn-cp -∂-sX-¶n¬

At±lw apI-fn¬ ]d™ adp-]Sn°p ]Icw "Rm≥ Ah-cpsS

CS-bn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-S-tØmfw Imew Ah-cpsS ]hr-Øn-

Iƒ°v Rm≥ km£n-bm-bn-cp-∂p'-sh∂pw "\o Fs∂ Poh-t\msS

BIm-i-Øn-te°v Db¿Øn-b-Xn-\p-tijw Ahsc t\m°p-∂-

h≥ \o Xs∂-bmbn' F∂p-amWv ]d-tb-≠n-bncp∂-Xv. F∂m¬

Aß-s\-b√ Cukm-\_n ]d-™n- p-≈-Xv. Cukm-\-_n°v Xs‚

A\p-bm-bn-I-fpsS CS-bn¬ Pohn-®n-cp∂ Ime-Øn-\p-tijw t\cn-

tS≠n h∂Xv ac-W-a-√msX as‰m-∂m-bn-cp-∂ns√∂v CXp-sIm≠v

ÿm]n-X-am-Ip-∂p. Cukm-\-_n-bpsS adp-]Sn hy‡-am-°p-∂X,v

At±lw Xs‚ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ Pohn-®n-cp∂ Ime-

Øn\pw Ah-cpsS CS-bn¬ \n∂v th¿s]´ ImeØn-\p-an-S-bn¬

At±-l-Øn\p kw`-hn-®Xv ac-W-am-sW∂p Xs∂-bm-Wv. BZy

sØ Ime-Øn¬\n∂v c≠m-asØ Ime-Øn-te°v At±lw

\oßn-b-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ kw`-hn-®Xv At±-l-Øns‚ BIm-im-tcm-

l-W-am-bn-cp∂p F¶n¬ "Ah-cn¬ D≠m-bn-cp∂ Imewhsc'

F∂pw "\o Fs∂ acn-∏n-®-Xn¬ ]ns∂' F∂p-ap≈ At±l-

Øns‚ adp-]Sn `oam-_-≤-ambn amdpw.

as‰mcp Imcyw IqSn ChnsS Nn¥m¿l-am-bn-´p-≠v. AXm-b

Xp Xs∂bpw Xs‚ amXm-hn-s\bpw A√m-lp-hn\p ]pdsa c≠v

ssZh-ß-fmbn Xs‚ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ Bcm-[n-®n-cp∂p F∂ Imcy-

sØ-]-‰n, A√m-lp-hns‚ tNmZy-Øn\p \evInb adp-]-Snbn-¬

Cukm-\_n A⁄X ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-I-bmWv sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂Xv.

At±lw ]d™p: ""\o Ft∂mSv B⁄m-]n-®-sXt¥m AX√m

sX thsd bmsXm∂pw Rm≥ Ah-tcmSv ]d-™n-´n-√. AXm-b

Xv Fs‚bpw \nß-fp-sSbpw c£m-I¿Øm-hmb A√m-lp-hns\

amXw Bcm-[n-°p-hn≥(-F-∂-Xm-W-Xv). Rm≥ Ah-cp-sS-bn-S-bn¬

D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-S-tØmfwImew Rm≥ Ah-cpsS ta¬ km£nbm-

bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬, \o Fs∂ acn-∏n-®-t∏mƒ Ah-cpsS ta¬t\m -

°m-c≥ \o Xs∂-bm-bn.'' Xs‚ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ hgn-]n-g®p t]mb-


Xn-s\-∏‰n Adn-hn--√mbva ]I-Sn-∏n®p sIm≠v Xs‚ \nc-]-cm-[n

Xzw sXfn-bn-°p-I-bmWv Cukm-\_n sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v Cu

adp-]-Snbn¬\n∂v \√-Xp-t]mse hy‡-am-Ip-∂p-≠v. as‰mcp hn[-

Øn¬ ]-d-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Cukm-\-_n-bpsS ac-W-Øn-\p-ti-

j-amWv InkvXym-\n-Iƒ hgn-]n-g-®-sX-∂mWv CXns‚ A¿∞w.

C\n \ap°v t\m°p-hm-\p-≈Xv InkvXym-\n-Iƒ hgn-]n-g-®n-´p

t≠m C√tbm F∂-Xm-Wv. Ah¿ hgn-]n-g-®n-´n-s√-¶n¬ Cukm

\_n Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww. AYhm Ah¿ hgn-]n-g

®p t]mbn-cn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Cukm-\_n acn-®p-t]m-sb∂v hniz-

kn-°p-Itb \nhr-Øn-bp-≈q. Imc-Ww, Cukm-\-_n-bpsS acWw

InkvXym-\n-Iƒ hgn-]n-g-bv°p-∂-Xn\p aptºbmWv \S-∂-sX∂v

hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ kv]jvS-ambn ]d-bp-∂p. FX hy‡-am-bmWv

Cu ssZh-hmIyw Cukm-\-_n-bpsS acWw ÿm]n-°p-∂Xv?

]kvXpX tNmtZym-Øcw ]p\-cp-∞m-\-\m-fn¬ \S-°p-∂-Xm-hs´,

AXn\p aptºbp-≈-Xm-h-s´, Cukm-\-_n-bpsS acWw InkvXym-

\n-Iƒ hgn-]n-g-bv°p-∂-Xn\v aptº \S-∂n-cn-°p∂p F∂v CXn¬

\n∂v a\- n-em-Ip-∂p. InkvXym-\n-Iƒ Cukm-\-_n-bpsS bYm¿

∞-amb D]-tZiw ssIsøm-gn®p At±-lsØ ssZh-am°n Bcm-

[n-°m≥ XpS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂Xpw ]c-am¿∞-am-Wv. \_n-

Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS BK-a-\-Øn\p aptºXs∂ Ah¿ Cu ]ng®

hnizm-k-Øn¬ AI-s∏´p t]mbn-´p-≠v. hnip≤Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-

∂Xv t\m°pI:

A√mlp aqh-cn¬ aq-∂m-a-\m-sW∂v ]d-bp-∂h¿ \n›-b-

ambpw Ahn-izm-kn-I-fm-bn-cn-°p-∂p. (-hn.-Jp¿-B≥ 5:74)

Cukm-\_n Npcp-ßn-b-]£w \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS Ime-

Øn\p aptº acn-®p-t]m-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂p CXp-sIm≠v ÿm]n-

X-am-bn.

Ah-km-\-Im-eØv hcp-sa∂p hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ akolv

Cukm-\_n A√ F∂p-≈-XmWv Cu h-N-\-Øn¬ \n∂p hy‡-

am-Ip∂ as‰mcp Imcyw. Cukm-\_n Ah-km-\-Im-eØp hcp-I-

bm-sW-¶n¬ Xs‚ P\-ßƒ hgn-]n-g®p t]mhp-Ibpw A√m-lphn

\p ]pd-sa Xs∂-°qSn ssZh-am-°p-Ibpw sNbvX hkvXpX At±


lw Adn-bm-Xn-cn-°p-I-bn-√. B \nebv°v ]p\-cp-∞m-\-\m-fn¬

Fßs\ At±lw A⁄X ]I-Sn-∏n°pw? Adn-hp-≠m-bn´pw

A⁄X ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ (\-Du-Zp-_n-√m-lv) AsXm

cp If-hm-bn-cn-°pw. At∏mƒ Jnbm-aØp∂mfn\p aptº ho≠pw

At±lw hcn-I-bn-s√∂p hy‡-am-bn. Cukm-\_n BIm-i-Øn-

te°p t]mbn-´p-s≠∂p Icp-Xp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬Øs∂ At±-l

Øns‚ ]p\-cm-K-a-\-Øns‚ am¿§-Øn¬ ]kvXpX hN\w At -

Zy-am-sbmcp nØn-bm-Wv.Xs‚ P\-ßƒ hgn-]n-g®p t]mbXv Xm\-

dn-bp-I-bn-s√∂v ]p\-cp-∞m-\-\m-fn¬ Cukm-\_n ]d-bp-sa-∂Xv

Xo¿®-bmWv. AXp-sIm≠v Xs‚ P\-ßƒ hgn-]n-g®pt]mbXv

Imem-h-km-\-Øn\p aptº At±lw Hcn-°epw ImWp-I-bns√

∂pw Xo¿®-bm-bn. c≠m-aXpw hcp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Xs‚ P\-ßƒ

hgn-]n-g-®Xv At±lw Adn-bm-Xn-cn-°p-I-bn-√. ]tXy-In®pw At±-

l-Øns‚ BK-a-t\m-t±iyw Ipcn-ins\ apdn-°-em-b-Xp-sIm-≠v,

P\-ß-fpsS am¿§-`w-i-sØ-∏‰n A⁄X ]Im-in-∏n-°m≥ At±-

l-Øn\v km[n-°p-I-bn-√. AXn-\m¬, Cukm-\_n BIm-i-Øn-

te°v t]mbn-´p-s≠∂v hmZ-Øn\pth≠n kΩ-Xn-°p-IbmsW-

¶n¬Øs∂ hcm-\p≈ akolv \n›-b-ambpw thsd Bfm-sW

∂pw Cukm-\_n BIm-i-Øn¬ sh®pXs∂ ac-W-s∏´pt]msb

∂pw hniz-kn-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√. Hcp a\p-jy≥ BIm-

i-Øn-em-b-Xp-sIm≠v ac-W-Øn¬\n∂v c£]m]n-°p-I-bn-√-t√m.

C\n Cu hN\-Øn¬h∂n- p≈ Xh v o F∂ ]ZØns‚

A¿∞-sa-¥m-sW-∂p-IqSn t\mt°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Rß-fpsS

FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ AXn\p ]d-bp∂ A¿∞w "]cn-]q¿Æ-ambn ]nSn-

s®-Sp-°pI' F∂m-Wv. F∂m¬, A√mlp BJybpw a\p-jy≥

I¿Ω-hp-ambn hcp-tºmƒ Xh v o F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ A¿∞w

Ad-_n- m-j-bn¬ "Poh-s\-Sp-∏n-°pI' F∂-√msX as‰m-∂m-hpI-

bn-s√∂v \mw a\- n-em-°-Ww. CXp Rß-fpsS hmZ-am-Wv. Cu

hmZw F√m hn[-Ønepw sXfn-bn-°m≥ Rßƒ Hcp-°-hpamWv.

A√mlp BJybpw a\p-jy≥ I¿Ωhpw Bbn hcp-tºmƒ Xh v

^o F∂ ]Zw Poh-s\-Sp-∏n-°pI F∂-X-√mØ as‰m¿∞Øn¬

Ad_n kmln-Xy-Øn¬ Fhn-sS-sb-¶nepw ]tbm-Kn-®-Xmbn

ImWn®p Xcm≥ lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) FXn-cm-fn-I-fmb auehn-

amsc ASn-°Sn sh√p-hn-fn-°p-Ibpw Ah¿°v hºn® kΩm\w


sImSp-°m-sa∂v hnfw-_-c-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXn- p-≠v. F∂m¬,

Bcpw Ct∂mfw Hcp-Zm-l-cWw t]mepw ImWn-®n-ń-√. C∂nXm

Rßfpw B sh√p-hn-fn- Bh¿Øn-°p-∂p. h√ DØ-chpw In´p

tam F∂p t\m°m-at√m! Ad_n i_vZ-tIm-i-ß-fn¬ G‰hpw

][m-\-s∏´ XmPp¬-A-dq-kn¬ Fgp-Xn-bn- p-≈Xv C]-Im-c-amWv:

içÊù^å]Ö×ùäÂùæqØù]ƒ]Îf˜ÞËŠäXh-^v^m-lp-√mlp F∂p ]d-™m¬ AXns‚ A¿∞w

A√mlp Ahs‚ Pohs\ ]nSn®p F∂m-Wv. ho≠pw Cß-s\

bpw Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂p: içÊoùÊ¡áº]ƒ]Ú^l Bsc-¶nepw ac-W-s∏-

´m¬ içÊoùÊ¡áº F∂p ]dbpw"Xh^vô' F∂ ]Z-Øns‚

A¿∞w (A√mlp BJy bpw a\p-jy≥ I¿Ω-hp-am-hp-tºmƒ)

Poh-s\-∏n-Sn-°pI F∂pamX-am-sW∂v kv]jvS-am-bn. Dd-°-

Ønepw Hcp hn[-Øn-ep≈ Pohs\ ∏nSn-°¬ \S-°p-∂p-≠v.

AXn-\m¬ Nne kµ¿ß-fn¬ "Dd-°p ∂p' F∂-Xn\pw Cu

]Zw ]tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Spw. Dd-°-Ønse "Poh-s\-∏n-Sn-°¬'

Xm¬°m-en-Ihpw A]q¿Æ-hp-am-Ip-∂p. AXp-sIm ≠v Xh- v o-

bpsS ÿnchpw ]q¿Æ-hp-amb A¿∞w acn-∏n-°p I F∂p

Xs∂-bm-Wv. AXn-\m¬ "Xh-^vô' F∂ ]Zw Dd°pI F∂

A¿∞-Øn¬ ]tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ, ac-W-k-a-bsØ ]cn-

]q¿Æ-amb dqln-s\-∏n-Sn-°-e-√, t\sc-a-dn®v Dd-°-ØnsePoh-

s\-∏n-Sn-°-emWv Dt±-iy-sa∂p hy‡-am-Ip-∂-Xn\p th≠n kqN-

\-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. A√mlp hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬]d-

bp-∂Xv t\m°pI:

cmXn-Im-eØv \nß-fpsS Poh-s\-∏n-Sn-°p-∂Xv A√mlpX

s∂-bm-Wv (-hn.-Jp¿-B≥ 6:61).

ChnsS "Xh v o' F∂ ]Zw Dd-°-Øn¬ Poh-s\-∏n-Sn°pI

F∂ A¿∞-Øn-emWv ]tbm-Kn-®n- p-≈-Xv. AXp-sIm≠v "cmXn-

bn¬' F∂ kqN\ \evI-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬, ac-W-Ønse

Poh-s\-∏n-Sn-°-en\pth≠n "Xh^vô' F∂ ]Zw ]tbm-Kn°p-

tºmƒ kqN\ \evIp∂ ]Z-Øns‚ Bh-iy-ta-bn-√. A√mlp

]d-bp-∂Xv t\m°pI:


A√-tbm, ]hm-N-I∑m-tc, Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v ap∂-dn-bn∏v

\evIn-bn- p≈ in£-I-fn¬ NneXv \mw \n\°p ImWn®p Xcpw;

As√-¶n¬ \mw \ns∂ acn-∏n°pw (\ns‚ ac-W-Øn\p tijw

Ah \nd-th-‰p-sa-∂¿∞w)(-hn.- Jp¿-B≥ 40:78)

as‰mcp ÿeØv A√mlp ]d-bp-I-bmWv:

Rß-fpsS \mYm, Rßƒ°v \o £a ]Zm\w sNbvXmepw;

\n\°v hgn-s∏´ \ne-bn¬ Rßsf acn-∏n-®mepw! (-hn.- Jp¿-

B≥ 7:127)

Cu c≠v hN-\-ß-fnepw "Xh^vô' F∂ ]Zw acn-∏n-°pI

F∂ A¿∞-Øn-emWv ]tbm-Kn-®n- p-≈-Xv. AXn-t\m-Sp-IqSn Hcp

kqN-\-sbm-ń-√-Xm-\pw. "Xh^vô' F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ hymJym-\

Øn¬ "C_v\p-lkvav' ]d-bp-∂Xv AXns‚ Dt±iyw H∂p-In¬

Dd-°tam As√-¶n¬ ac-Wtam BsW-∂m-Wv. AtXm-Sp-Iq-SnØ

s∂ At±lw ]d-bp-I-bmWv:Cukm-\-_n-bpsS Imcy-Øn¬ Dd

°w Dt±-iy-am-hm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√. AXn-\m¬ ac-W-sa∂ A¿∞-

sa-Sp-°p-Itb Xc-ap-≈q. (A¬ap-l√m, Pn¬Zv 1, `m.23)

IqSmsX X¿°Ønep≈ Bb-Øn-s\-∏‰n Nn¥n-°p-I-bm

sW-¶nepw "Xh^vô' F∂ ]Zw acn-∏n-°pI F∂ A¿-Ønem

Wv AXn¬ ]tbm-Kn-®n- p-≈-sX∂v a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. Rm≥

Ah-cpsS CS-bn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-S-tØmfwImew Ah-cpsS Imcy-

Øn¬ Rm≥ km£n-bm-bn-cp-∂p, \o Fs‚ Poh-s\-∏n-Sn-®-Xn\p-

ti-jw.... F∂mWv Cukm-\_n ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Chn-sS, Ah-cpsS

CS-bn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-S-tØmfwImew F∂p ]d-™Xp-Xs∂

sXfn-bn-°p-∂p≠v Ah-cn¬\n∂v th¿s∏´v Ah-cpsS CS-bn¬

C√m-sX-bm-hp∂ Poh-s\-∏n-Sn-°-emWv Dt±-iy-sa-∂v. Fs¥-∂m

¬ Rm≥ Ah-cpsS CS-bn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-S-tØmfw Imew F∂

¿∞w hcp∂ amZpwXpôlnw F∂ hm°ns‚ FXn-cn-em-Wv.

\o Fs‚ Poh-s\-∏n-Sn-®-Xn-\p-tijw F∂¿∞w hcp∂ eΩm,

Xh- v -bvX\o F∂ ]Zw ]tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXp-sIm≠v


ChnsS Dd-°-Ønse Poh-s\-∏n-Sn-°¬ Dt±-iy-am-bn-cn-°m≥ Xc-

an-√. Dd-°-Ønse Poh-s\-∏n-Sn-°¬ Ah-cpsS CS-bn¬ Pohn-

®n-cp∂ Ime-Øn-s\-Xn-cn-e-√, AXn-\p-≈n¬Xs∂ kw`-hn-®n-´p-

≈-Xm-Wv. Ahn-sS-bm-hs´ Xh-^v^-bvX\o F∂ ]ZsØ amw

ZpwXp F∂ ]Z-Øn-se-Xn-cn-em-bn-´mWv sh®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXn-

\m¬, ChnsS "Xh^vô' F∂-Xn\p acn-∏n-°pI F∂p amX-

amWv A¿∞-sa∂pw B ac-W-Øns‚ ê-ambn Cukm-\_n

Ft∂-bv°p-ambn Xs‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-fn¬\n∂v th¿s]-ń-cn-°p-

∂p-sh∂pw kv]„-am-bn. F∂n´pw "Xh^vô' F∂ ]Z-Øn-t∑

¬ ]nSn®pXqßp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ AXv Atß-b‰w Zp»m-Ty-am-Wv. "Xh

^vô' F∂ ]Zw a‰p h√-h-tcbpw ]‰n ]tbm-Kn°p-tºmƒ A

Xn\p acn-∏n-°pI F∂pw Cukm-\-_n-sb-∏-‰n-bm-Ip-tºmƒ amXw

AXn\v BIm-i-Øn-te°v FSp-∏n-°p-I-sb∂pw A¿∞w Ive]n-

°p-∂Xv A¬`p-X-I-c-am-bn-cn-°p∂p! Cukm-\-_n-bpsS Imcy-Øn

¬ A‘-amb A\p-I-c-W-amWv ssIsIm≠n´p-≈-sX∂ kwKXn

]Xy-£-am-Wv.

ho≠pw t\m°pI: ""Rm≥ Ah-cpsS CS-bn¬ D≠m-bn-cp∂n-

S-tØmfwImew Ah-cpsSta¬ km£n-bm-bn-cp∂p; \o Fs∂acn-

∏n-®-Xn\ptijw Ah-cpsS ta¬t\m-´-°m-c≥ \o Xs∂-bm-bn''

F∂p Cukm-\_n ]p\-cp-∞m-\\mfn¬ ]d-bp∂ AtX hN\w

\ΩpsS apl-ΩZp \_n(-k.-A) Xncp-ta-\nbpw ]d-bp-∂p. kzlolv

_pJm-cn-bn¬ Cßs\ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Hcp Znhkw

\_n-(k)Xn-cp-ta\n ]d™p: ""]p\-cp-∞m-\-\m-fn¬ Rm≥ lu

kp¬ IuY-dn-\-SpØp \nev°p-tºmƒ s]s´∂v Fs‚ apºn¬

Nne Bfp-Iƒ hcpw˛ ae-°p-Iƒ Ahsc D¥n-Ø-≈n-s°m≠p

t]mhp-I-bm-bn-cn-°pw. Ahsc ImWp-tºmƒ "Dssk-lm_o

Dssk-lm_o' (CXp Fs‚ kzlm-_n-am-cm-Wv) F∂p Rm≥\ne-

hn-fn°pw; AXn\v F\n°p adp-]Sn e`n°pw:

]ÞùÔŸi‚…pÚ^]u‚$ç]eÃ‚Õ

]ÞùãÜÖÜmˆ]Öç]Ú†i‚ùmàÂ×Fo]ÂÏêãÜ\nßƒ°v tijw Ah¿ ]pXp-Xmbn F¥mWv sNbvXsX

∂v \nßƒ Adn-bp-I-bn-√. \nßƒ Ahsc hn´p ]ncn-™-Xn\p

tijw Ah¿ ]n¥n-cn™p t]mb-h-cm-Wv. At∏mƒ;


]ÎçÙÒÛ^Î^Ù]ÖÃf‚]Ö’^ÖxÂnŠo]eàÚ†mÜ

E›f†]ÞoæÒßˆÙ]ÖÃÛ^ÙD ]áùÂnŠo]eàÚ†mÜÂ^Â†màæÚòè‰ßè

A√m-lp-hns‚ \√-h-\mb ASn-bm≥ Cuk_v\p-a¿bw ]d-

™-Xp-t]mse Rm≥ ]d-bpw. Rm≥ Ah-cpsS CS-bn¬ D≠mbn-

cp-∂n-StØmfwImew Ah-cpsS ]hr-Øn-Iƒ°v Rm≥ km£n

bm-bn-cp∂p; \o Fs∂ acn-∏n-®-Xn-\p-tijw Ah-cpsS t\m´°m-

c≥ \o Xs∂-bm-bn (_p-Jm-cn, Pn¬Zv 3, InØm-_p-Ø- vko¿).

Cu \_nhN-\-Øn¬\n∂v c≠v Imcy-ßƒ sXfn-bp-∂p. H

∂m-a-Xv, GsXmcp Xc-Ønepw GsXm-c¿∞-Øn-ep-amtWm Xs‚

P\-ßƒ hgn-]n-g-®-Xn-s\-∏‰n \_n Xncp-ta\n A⁄X ]I-Sn-

∏n-°p-∂Xv AtX Xc-Ønepw A¿∞-Øn-ep-am-bn-cn°pw Cukm-

\-_nbpw At±-l-Øns‚ P\-ß-fpsS am¿§-`w-i-sØ-∏‰n A

⁄X ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-I. c≠m-a-Xv, "Xh^v^o' F∂ ]Z-Øns‚

A¿∞w BIm-i-Øn-te°v Db¿Øp-I-sbt∂m Dd-°p-I-sbt∂m

A√, t\sc-a-dn®v "acn-∏n-°pI' F∂mWv. \_n Xncp-ta\n, Xs∂

kw_-‘n®pw "Xh^v^o' F∂ ]Zw ]tbm-Kn-®p-sIm≠v B

]Z-Øns‚ A¿∞w ChnsS Xn´-s∏-SpØnbncn-°p-∂p. Cu Im-

c-W-Øm-emWv Camw _pJmcn Cu lZo-Yns\ _pJm-cn-bnse

InXm-_p-Ø-^vko-dn¬ sIm≠ph∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

Cßs\ Cukm-\_n acn®pt]mbn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v hnip≤

Jp¿-B≥sIm≠v ÿm]n-X-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ C\n \ap°v

t\m°m-\p-≈Xv lZoYv Cu Imcy-sØ-∏‰n F¥p ]d-bp-∂p-sh-

∂m-Wv. \_n (k)Xncp-ta\n ]d-bp-I-bmWv:

E›f†]ÞoæÒßˆÙ]ÖÃÛ^ÙD ]áùÂnŠo]eàÚ†mÜÂ^Â†màæÚòè‰ßè

Cuk-_v\p-a¿bw \q‰n-cp-]-Xp-sIm√w Pohn-®n-cp-∂p (X_v-

dm-\o).

FX hy‡-amb \ne-bn-emWv Cu lZoYv Cukm-\-_n-

bpsS acWw ]Jym-]n-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v t\m°p-I, ho≠pw \_n

(k) Xncp-ta\n ]d-bp∂p:

E]eàÒ%n†D ÖçÒ^áÚç‰FoæÂnŠFounùnàÖÛ^æ‰ÃãÛ^]Ÿù]Öjf^Âo


aqkmbpw Cukmbpw Pohn-®n-cn-∏p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Ah-

cn-cp-h¿°pw Fs∂ ]n¥p-S-cm-Xn-cn-°m≥ Ignbp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.

(k¿Jm-\n, idlv ahm-ln-_p-√-Zp∂nb Pn¬Zv 6).

A¬`pXw! CXn-s\-°mƒ hy‡-amb as‰¥v sXfn-hmWv

Cukm-\-_n-bpsS ac-W-sØ-∏‰n th≠Xv? \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n kwi

b-Øn-\nSw \evImØ \ne-bn¬ ]d-bp-∂p, Cukm-\_n Pohn-

®n-cn-°p∂p F¶n¬ Xncp-ta-\nsb ]n¥p-S-cm-Xn-cn-°m≥ At±l-

Øn\v I-gn-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-s√∂v! BZysØ hN-\-Øn-em-Is´ Cu

km-\-_nbpsS hb v IrXy-ambn ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p!

AXv ]q¿Øn-bm-bn´v \q‰m-≠p-Iƒ Ign-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

hnip≤Jp¿-B-\n¬\n∂pw lZoYp-I-fn¬\n∂pw D≤-cn-°-

s∏´ ta¬ tcJ-I-fm¬ a‰p≈ a\p-jy-sc-t∏mseXs∂ Cukm-

\-_nbpw acn-®p-t]m-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v kqcy-]-Imiw t]mse

sXfn-™n-cn-°p-∂p. C\n, Rß-fpsS FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂Xp

t]mse Cukm-\_n BIm-i-Øn¬ Pohn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-∂-

Xn-te°v hs√mcp kqN-\bpw \evIp∂ Jp¿-B≥ hmIytamlZo

tYm Fhn-sS-sb-¶n-ep-ap-s≠-¶n¬Xs∂ Ah-bv°v, \n¿Æm-b-I-

amb ta¬Im-Wn® Jp¿-B≥ hmIy-ßƒ°pw kzlo-lmb lZo

Yp-Iƒ°pw FXn-cmb A¿∞w I¬∏n-°p-hm≥ km[n-°p-I-bn-

√. kwi-b-K-kvX-amb hN-\-ßsf \n¿Æm-b-I-amb hN-\-ß

ƒ°v hnt[-b-am°n Xo¿∏p I¬∏n-t°-≠Xv \ΩpsS IS-a-bm-

Wv. As√-¶n¬ (\-DuZp_n√m-lv) A√m-lp-hns‚ hN-\-ß-fn¬

]c-kv]c sshcp-≤y-aps≠∂v kΩ-Xn-t°≠nhcpw. hnip≤Jp¿-

B-\nse hN-\-ßfpw \_nXncp-ta-\n-bpsS lZo-Yp-Ifpw A\yYm

hymJym-\n-°-s∏-Sm≥ \nhrØnbn-√mØ\ne-bn¬ Cukm-\-_n

acn®p t]mbn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v ]d-bp-tºmƒ Cu hnj-bsØ kw

_‘n®v a‰p h√ Jp¿-B≥ hmIy-ßfpw lZo-Yp-Ifpw Ds≠-

¶n¬Xs∂ Ah-sb√mw ta¬]-d™ hN-\-ßƒ°v hnt[-b-am-

t°-≠Xv \ΩpsS IS-a-bm-Wv. F∂m¬, A√m-lp-hns‚ Ir]-sIm≠v

\ap°v Aßs\ sNtø≠ Bhiyw t\cn-Sp-∂n-√. Fs¥∂m¬,

Cukm-\_n CXp-h-scbpw Pohn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-sW ∂v kqNn-∏n-°p∂

Hscm‰ hN\w t]mepw hnip≤Jp¿-B-\n¬ Fhn-sSbpw ImWp-I-

bn-√. Ds≠-¶n¬ Bsc-¶nepw AsXm∂p Rßƒ°p ImWn®p


Xc-s´. ]t£, hnip≤Jp¿-B≥ apgp-h≥ ]cn-tim-[n-®mepw

Cukm-\_n Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-s≠∂v kqNn-∏n-°p∂ Hscm‰ hN-

\hpw ImWm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√.* A]-Imcw Xs∂ Cukm-\_n

Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-s≠∂v kqNn-∏n-°p∂ kz lo-lmb Hcp

lZoYpw ImWp-I-bn-√. t\sc-a-dn-®v, Cukm-\-_n-bpsS ac-WsØ

]Im-in-∏n-°p∂ ]e lZo-Yp-Ifpw ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bpw.

Cukm-(A) Pohn-®n-cn-°ps∂∂-Xn¬

CPvam-Av D≠m-bn-ń-√

hnip≤Jp¿-B\pw lZoYpIfpw Cukm-\-_n-bpsS ac-W-

sØ-∏‰n hy‡-amb sXfnhp \evIp-tºmƒ At±lw Pohn-®n-

cn-°p-I-bm-sW∂ sX‰mb hnizm-k-Øn¬ Fßs\ apgp-h≥

kap-Zm-b-Øn-s‚bpw CPvam-Av D≠mbn F∂ Hcp ]iv\w ChnsS

D¬ -hn-°p-∂p-≠v. CXn-\p≈ kam-[m-\w, Cu sX‰mb hnizmk-

Øn¬ Hcn-°epw apgp-h≥ kap-Zm-b-Øn-s‚bpw "CPvam-Av' D≠m

* hC≥Ωn≥, Alven¬InXm-_n- C-√m- e-bp-an-\-∂-_nlo J_ve-auØnlo

(4:160)) C∂lp eC¬ap√n mAØn (43:62) F∂o hN-\-ßƒsIm≠v Cukm-

\_n Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-s≠∂v sXfn-bn-°m≥ \ΩpsS FXn-cm-f-n-Iƒ \njv^-e-

ambn ian-°m-dp-≠v. F∂m¬, Cu hN-\-ß-sf-∏‰n Ah-bpsS ]q¿∆m-]-c-h-N-\-

ßsf ap≥\n-dp-Øn-s°m≠v Btem-Nn-°p-I-bm-sW¶n¬- Ahbv°v Cukm-\-_n-

bpsS Pohn-®n-cn-∏p-ambn bmsXmcp _‘-hp-an-s√∂v a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bpw.

Alvep-In-Øm_pw Ah-cpsS acWØn\p aptº Cukm-\_n sIm√-s∏- p-t]m-

bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂p hnizkn°psa-∂mWv BZysØ hN-\-Øn¬ ]d-™n- p-≈-

Xv. ImcWw B hN-\-Øns‚ aptºbp≈ hN-\-Øn¬ Ah-cpsS B hnizm-k-

sØ-∏‰n hJu-enlnw C∂m JX¬\¬ akol (R-ßƒ ako-ln-s\ sIm∂p-

I-f--™p-sh∂v- Ah¿ ]d™Xp\n-anØw) F∂p ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p.

CXn∂p≈ as‰mcp sXfnhv J_ve auØnln F∂ hmIyØns‚ as‰mcp ]mTw

J_ve auØnlnw F∂m-sW-∂-Xm-Wv. (C_v\p Pco¿, Pn¬Zv 6). ChnsS ]d-

™n-´p≈ ac-Ww-sIm≠v Cukm-\-_n-bpsS ac-W-a√ Dt±-in-°s-∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-

sX∂pw adn®p Alvep InØm-_ns‚ ac-W-am-sW-∂p-ap-≈-Xn-te°v CXv A\ntj-

[y-am-sbmcp tcJ-bm-Wv. c≠masØ hN-\-Øn\pw Cukm\_n Pohn-®n-cn-°p-

∂p-s≠∂ A`n-]-mb-hp-ambn bmsXmcp _‘-hpan-√. Fs¥-∂m¬, AXn¬

kqNn-∏n-®n- p-≈Xv H∂p-In¬ Jnbm-a-Øns‚ AS-bm-f-am-bn- p-≈, Cukm-\-_n-

bpsS "_pdq-kn-'bmb c≠mw hc-hn-s\-∏-‰n-bm-Wv, As√-¶n¬ Cukm-\-_n-bpsS

]nXm-hn-√mØ P\\w Jnbm-a-Øns‚ AS-bm-f-ambn D∂-bn-°-s∏- -Xm-bncn°Ww.

êm XwØ-dp-∂-_nlm (\n-ßƒ A°m-cy-Øn¬ kwi-bn-°-cp-Xv) F∂v XpS¿∂p

hcp∂ hmIyw-sIm≠v shfn-hm-Ip∂Xpt]mse. Npcp-°-Øn¬ ta¬∏-d™ c≠v

hN-\-ßƒsIm≠pw Cukm-\_n Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-s≠∂p Hcp-hn-[-Ønepw

B¿°pw sXfn-bn-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√.


bn-ń√ F∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. BZy-Ime De-am-°-fn¬ ]ecpw Cukm-

\_n acn®p t]msb∂p Xpd∂p kΩ-Xn-®-h-cm-Wv. kzlm-_n-I

fpw B hnizm-k-°m-cm-bn-cp-∂p. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS ]nXr-hy-

]p-X-\mb lZvdØv C_v\p A∫m-kv ˛ Ct±-l-Øn\v hnip≤

Jp¿-Bs‚ ⁄m\w \evIp-∂-Xn\pth≠n \_n Xncp-ta\n ]

tXyIw ]m¿∞n-®n-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p˛ apX-h-^vô° F∂ ]Z-

Øn\p apao-Øp° F∂v A¿∞w ]d™psIm≠v Cukm-\_n

acn®p F∂ At±-l-Øns‚ hnizmkw ]I-Sn-∏n-®n-´p-≠v.(-_p-

Jm-cn, InØm-_p-Ø- vko¿). lZoYv hn⁄m-Xm-°-fpsS kpkΩ

X t\Xm-hmb Camw _pJmcn Xs‚ KŸ-Øn¬ Cu cnhmb

Øv tN¿Øp-sIm≠v AXns\ kXy-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw B A`n]m-

b-tØm-Sp≈ Xs‚ tbmPn∏v hnfw-_-c-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXn-

cn-°p-∂p.

kzlm-_-Øn-s\-°-gn-®m¬ ]ns∂ Xm_n-Cu-ß-fpsS Pam-

A-Øm-Wv. Ah-cnepw Cukm-\_n acn-®p-t]m-sb∂ hnizm-k

°m-cp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. "aPvaD¬ _nlm¿' F∂ KŸ-Øn¬ ]d-bp-

I-bmWv.

æ]ŸÒ%†]áÂnŠoÂ×nä]ÖŠþ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³¡Ý

ÖÜmÛþ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³kæÎ^ÙÚ^ÖÔÚþ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³^l

A[n-I-am-fp-Ifpw Cukm-\_n acn-®n-ń-s√∂p hniz-kn-°p

∂p; F∂m¬, Camw amenIv ]d-™n- p-≈Xv At±lw acn®pt]m

sb-∂m-Wv. (Pn¬Zv 1, `mKw 286)

Cu hmIy-Øn¬\n∂v ]tXyIw i≤m¿l-amb Hcp kwK

Xn CXm-Wv. AXm-b-Xv, "aPva-D¬ _nlm-dn's‚ cN-bn-Xmhv ]dbp-

∂Xv apgp-h≥ kap-Zm-b-Øn-s‚bpw hnizmkw Cukm-\_n acn®n-

ń√ F∂-√, adn®v A[n-I-am-fp-I-fp-sSbpw hnizmkw AXm-sW

∂m-Ip∂p F∂m-Wv. At±-l-Øns‚ Imewhscbpw apgp-h≥ kap

Zmb-Øn-s‚bpw hnizm-k-sa∂p ]d-b-Ø-°-\n-e-bn¬, Cukm-

\_n acn-®n-ń√ F∂ A`n-]m-b-Øn\v hym]vXn-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-


s√-∂mWv CXn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xv. IqSmsX "C_v\p-l-

k-an'-s\-∏‰n C]-Imcw Fgp-X-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p:

æiÛŠùÔ]eàuˆÝõe_^â†]ŸmèæÎ^ÙeÛçiäC_v\p-lkw Bb-Øns‚ _mlym¿∞sØ Bkv]-Z-am

°n Cukm-\_n acn-®n-cn-°p∂p F∂p ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. (Iame

bv≥ lminb: Pem-e-bv≥).

C_v\p-lkw Xs‚ kp]-kn-≤-amb "A¬ap-l√m' F∂

KŸ-Ønepw Cukm-\_n acn®pt]msb∂v hy‡-ambn Fgp-

Xn-bn-´p-≠v (A¬ap-l-√, Pn¬Zv 1, `mKw 23). C_v\p lkw Hcp

km[m-c-W-°m-c-\m-bn-cp-∂n-√, D∂Xÿm\-Øp≈ Hcp Cam-am-

bn-cp-∂p. AXpt]mseØs∂ "apAvØkne' hn`m-K-Øn-s‚bpw

hnizmkw Cukm-\_n acn-®p-t]m-sb-∂m-Wv (a-Pva-D¬ _bm≥,

Pn¬Zv 1). GXm\pw Nne t]cp-Iƒ DZm-lcWØn\pth≠n ChnsS

]d-s™-t∂-bp-≈q. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Cukm-\_n acn-s®∂p hn

iz-kn-®n-cp-∂-h-cmbn apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ hfsc A[nIw

Bfp-Iƒ Ign-™p-t]m-bn- p-≠v. BZy-Im-esØ De-am-°-fn¬ Cu

Imcy-sØ-∏‰n bmsXmcp A`n-]m-bhpw ]I-Sn-∏n-®n- n-√m-Ø-hcpw

[mcm-f-ap-≠v. Ah-cpsS hnizm-k-sa-¥m-bn-cp∂p F∂v \ap°p

]d-bpI km[y-a-√. F¶nepw hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs‚ A≤ym-]-\-a

\p-k-cn®v Ahcpw Cukm-\_n acn®p t]mbn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v

hniz-kn-®-h-cm-sWt∂ \ap°v Icp-Xm≥ \nhr-Øn-bp-≈q.

\_n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS \ncym-W-Øn\ptijw kzlm-_Øv

H∂m-a-Xmbn tbmPn-®Xv \_n Xncp-ta-\n°v aptºh∂ ]hmNI

≥am-sc√mw acn®p t]mbn-cn-°p∂p F∂ Imcy-Øn-em-bn-cp∂p

F∂ kwK-Xnbpw \mw hnkva-cn-°m≥ ]mSn-√. kzlm-_-Øns‚

Ime-Øn-\p-tijw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS DΩØv hfsc A[nIw

s]cp-IpIbpw Zqc-Zq-c-cm-Py-ß-fn-te°v ]c-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

AXp-sIm≠v B ImeØv GsX-¶nepw Hcp Imcy-sØ-∏‰n apkv

enwIƒ°n-S-bn¬ CPvam-Av D≠m-bn- p-s≠∂p hmZn-°m≥ Xs∂

]bm-k-am-Wv. AXn-\m-em-Wv, GsX-¶n-ep-samcp Imcy-sØ-°p-

dn®v CPvam-Av D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v hmZn-°p∂h≥ \pW-b-\m-

sW∂v Camw AlvaZv _n≥ lº¬ ]d-™n-´p-≈Xv (ap-k-√-


apYp-_q-Øv). Npcp-°-Øn¬, Cu sX‰mb hnizm-k-Øn¬ apkvenw

P\X h√-t∏mgpw tbmPn-®n-cp-∂p-sh∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv tIhewA_-

≤-am-Wv. t\sc-a-dn-®p, hs√mcp Imcy-Ønepw apkvenw P\-Xbv°v

CPvam-Av D≠m-bn-´p-s≠-¶n¬ AXv Cukm-\_n acn-®p-t]mbn

F∂-Xn-em-sW-∂-XmWv ]c-am¿∞w. F∂m¬, Hcp Imcyw icn

bm-Wv. Cukm-\_n Pohn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-sW∂ hnizmkw At\

Iw \q‰m-≠p-I-fm-bn v apkvenwIƒ°n-S-bn¬ ]c-∂p-h-im-bn- p-≠v.

]t£, AXv Rßƒs°-Xn-cn¬ Hcp tcJ-bm-hp-I-bn-√. Imc-Ww,

]e-t∏mgpw sX‰mb hnizm-k-ßƒ P\-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ ]c-°m-dp-

≠v. t\m°p-I, C∂v apkvenwIƒ A\-h[n hn`m-K-ß-fmbn ]ncn-

™n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Ah¿ XΩn¬ ]e Imcy-Ønepw A`n-]m-b-

hy-Xym-k-ap-≠v. B ÿnXn-bn¬ Ah-sb√mw kXy-am-bn-cn-°m≥

\nhr-Øn-bn-√. kXy-am-sW-¶n¬ ][m\ Imcy-ß-fn¬ `n∂n-∏p-

≠m-hm≥ ]mSn-√. n∂n-∏n¬\n∂v a\- n-em-Ip-∂Xv Nne sX‰mb

hnizm-k-ßƒ apkvenwIƒ°n-S-bn¬ IS-∂p-Iq-Sn-bn- p-s≠-∂m-Wv.

Jp¿-B\pw lZoYp-Ifpw \n›-b-ambpw icn-bmb hnizm-k-ß-

fmWv ]t_m-[n-®n-´p-≈-Xv. ]ns∂-ßs\ Cu sX‰mb hnizm-k-

ßƒ IS∂pIqSn? Cu tNmZy-Øn\v Rß-fpsS FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ°v

F¥p-Ø-c-amWv ]d-bm-\p-≈Xv AtX DØcw Rß-fp-tS-Xmbpw

IW-°m-°n-s°m-≈p-I. C\n bYm¿∞-amb DØ-chpw ]d-™p-

sIm-≈mw.

Cukm(-A) Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂

hnizmkw FhnsS \n∂p h∂p?

Ckvemans‚ A`n-hr-≤n-bpsS ImeØv InkvXym-\n-Iƒ Iq´w

Iq´-ambn AXn¬ ]th-in-°m≥ XpS-ßn. a\p-jy≥ Ahs‚

]q¿∆ hnizmkw Ia-Øn¬ amXta Dt]-£n-°p-I-bp≈q F∂Xv

kz`m-hnIw amX-am-Wv. "cmwcmw F∂Xv sas√ sas√-tb ]pdtØ

°v t]mhp-I-bp≈q; A√mlp F∂Xv Ia-Øn¬ Ia-Ønse A

I-tØ°p IS-°p-I-bp≈q' F∂v D¿-Zp-hn¬ Hcp ]g-s©m-√p-≠v.

Ckveman¬ ]th-in® e£-°-W-°n-ep≈ InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS

ÿnXn Cu ]g-s©m-√n¬ ]d-™Xv Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿

CkvemwaXw kzoI-cn-®Xv AXns‚ kXyw a\- n-em-°n-s°m≠v

Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-s∂-¶nepw Nne ]q¿∆-[m-c-W-Isf kw_-‘n-®n-


S-tØmfw AXns‚ kzm[o-\-Øn¬\n∂v Ah¿ ]cn-]q¿Æ-ambn

ap‡-cm-bn-cp-∂n-√. X∂n-anØw hymJym\ Imcy-ßsf kw_‘n

®v At\Iw sX‰mb A`n-]m-b-ßƒ Ah¿ hnSmsX ]nSn®p\n

∂p. Ah-sb√mw H‰ZnhkwsIm≠v lrZ-b-Øn¬ \n∂p ]pdØp

t]mhp-I-sb-∂Xv Akm-[y-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Cukm-\-_nsb kw_-

‘n®v Ah¿°p-≠m-bn-cp∂ AXn¿I-hn™ hnizmkw in¿°n

s‚ ÿm\Øp\n∂v Xmtgm-´n-d-ßn-sb-¶nepw AXns‚ aen-\-X-

Iƒ apgp-h≥ \oßn-°-gn-™n-cp-∂n-√. AXn-\m¬, hnip≤Jp¿-

B-\nepw lZo-Yp-I-fnepw Fhn-sS-sb√mw Cukm-\-_n-bpsS ]c-

am¿iw h∂pthm Ahn-sS-sb√mw Ah¿ Ah-cpsS Nn¥m-K-Xn

s°mØ hyJym-\-ßƒ \evIn. a‰p apkvenwIfpw Ia-Øn¬

B Nn¥m-K-Xn-°-[o-\-cmbnØo¿∂p. Cu Imc-W-Øm-emWv \Ωp

sS ap - n-co-ß-fn¬ Nne¿ hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs\ hymJym-\n-°p∂

Ah-k-c-Øn¬ Ckm-bo¬ IY-I-ƒ ]d-bm≥ XpSßnb-Xv.

acn-®-h¿ aS-ßn-h-cn√

DZm-l-c-W-am-bn, Cukm-\-_nsb kw_-‘n®v At±lw acn-

®-hsc Pohn-∏n-®p-sh∂v hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]d-b-s∏-´n-´p-≠v.

B≤ym-fln-I-ambn arXn-b-S-™-h¿°v \h-Po-h≥ \evIn F∂mWv

AXns‚ incn-bmb A¿∞w. ]hm-N-I∑m¿ Bhn¿`-hn-°p-∂Xv

Cusbmcp ]hr-Øn-°p-th≠n Xs∂-bm-Wv. \_n Xncp-ta-\nsb

∏‰n hnip≤Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂Xv t\m°pI:

kXy-hn-izm-kn-Itf, \nßƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ hnfn°v DØ

cw \evIp-hn≥; \nßsf Pohn-∏n-°m≥ th≠n Ahs‚ dkq¬

hnfn-°p-tºmƒ At±-l-Øns‚ hnfn°pw (hn.-Jp. 8:25).

\_n Xncp-ta-\nsb kw_-‘n®v FX hy‡-am-bmWv Pohn-

∏n-°p-∂p-sh∂v ChnsS ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ChnsS B≤ym-fln

Iambn Pohn-∏n-°pI F-∂mWv sFIy-I-WvtTy\ A¿∞w I¬]n-


°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. F∂m¬, AtX ]Zw Cukm-\-_nsb kw_-

‘n®v ]tbm-Kn-°p-tºmƒ bYm¿∞-ambn acn-®-hsc Pohn-∏n-

°p-I-sb∂v [cn-°p-Itbm hymJym-\n-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂p.

CkvemwaXw hniz-kn® ssIkvXhP\-X-bpsS kzm[o-\-am-Wn-

Xn\p Imc-Ww. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs‚ hy‡-amb

A≤ym-]-\-a-\p-k-cn®v acn-®p-t]m-b-h¿ Cu temIØv ho≠pw

Pohn-°p-I-sb-∂Xv Akm-[y-am-Wv, Akw- -hy-am-Wv. hnip-≤-Jp¿-

B≥ ]d-bp∂p:

acn-®-h-cp-sSbpw Cu temI-Øn-s‚bpw CS-bn¬ ]p\-cp-

∞m-\-\mƒhsc Hcp ad-bp-≠m-bn-cn°pw (hn.-Jp. 23:101).

CXp-t]m-se-Øs∂ Cukm-\-_nsb kw_-‘n®v "J¬Jp≥'

(kr-jvSn-°¬) F∂ ]Zw ]tbm-Kn-®n-SØpw \ΩpsS Nne ap^-

n-co-ßƒ AXn\v i–m¿∞w \evIn-°-f-™p. AØcw ]Z-

ßƒ Ae-¶m-cm¿∞-Øn¬ ]tbm-Kn-°p-I-sb-∂Xv km[m-c-W-

am-Wv. CtXÿnXn Xs∂-bmWv Cukm-\_n Cd-ßp-sa∂ ]h-

N-\sØ kw_-‘n®pw Df-hm-b-Xv. InkvXp-a-X-Øn¬ Cukm-

\-_n-bpsS ]p\-cm-K-a-\-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ h¿Ø-am\w aptº-Xs∂

D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Cukm-\_nXs∂ hcp-sa-∂mWv InkvXym-\n-I

ƒ AXn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-°n-bncp-∂-Xv. Ah¿ Ckveman¬ ]th-

in-®-t∏mƒ AXnepw Hcp ako-lns‚ BK-a-\-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈

]h-N\w I≠p . DS-\-Sn, AXv InkvXp-a-X-Øn¬ aptº Xs∂-

bp≈ AtX h¿Øam-\-am-sW∂p Ah¿ [cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

IqSmsX "\pkq¬' (C-d-ßp-I) F∂ ]Zhpw Ah¿°v ImWp-

hm≥ Ign-™p. AtXm-Sp-IqSn Cukm-\_n Xs∂ Ah-km-\-

Im-eØv Cdßn hcp-sa-∂p≈ hnizm-k-Øn¬ Ah¿ ]q≠p

]nSn®p \nev°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]n∂oSp h∂ apJ-√n-Zo-ßƒ°p

Xß-fpsS ]nXm-°-fp-sSbpw ]q¿∆n-I-cp-sSbpw A`n-]m-b-Øn-s∂-

Xn-cmbn Fs¥¶nepw ]d-bm≥ ss[cy-ap-≠m-b-Xp-an-√, km[m-c-

W-°m-cpsS ÿnXn ]t≠ CXm-bn-cp∂p F∂p hnip≤Jp¿-B

\pw hy‡-am-°n-Ø-cp-∂p≠v. Ah¿ ]d-™-Xmbn Jp¿-B≥ ]d-

bp-∂Xv t\m°pI:


Rß-fp-sS ]nXm-°ƒ \S∂ am¿§-Øn¬ amXta Rßƒ

\S-°p-I-bp-≈q (hn-ip-≤-Jp¿-B≥, A¬_J-d).

akolv htc-≠Xv Cu DΩ-Øn¬\n∂p Xs∂

Cukm-\_n Poh-t\m-Sp-IqSn BIm-i-Øn-te°v Db¿Ø-s∏-

´n- n-s√∂pw t\sc-a-dn®v, acn-®p-t]m-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂p-amWv hnip

≤Jp¿-B≥ sIm≠pw lZo-Yp-IƒsIm≠pw ÿm]n-X-am-bn- p-≈-

sX∂v A√m-lp-hns‚ Ir]-bm¬ Rßƒ sXfn-bn®p Ign-™p.

IqSm-sX, \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n°v aptº Ign™pt]mb ]hm-N-I≥am-

sc√mw acn®pt]mbn-cn-°p∂p F∂mWv kzlm-_Øv hn[n Iev

]n-®n-´p-≈-sX∂pw Cukm-\_n Pohn-®n-cn-°pbmsW∂ hnizm

kw ]n∂oSv apkvenwIƒ°n-S-bn¬ IS∂pIqSn-b-Xm-sW∂pw R

ßƒ hy‡-am-°n-°-gn-™p. C\n \ap°v ]cn-tim-[n-°m-\p-≈Xv

hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ akolv FhnsS\n∂v htc≠ Bfm-sW-

∂m-Wv. Aßs\ t\m°p-tºmƒ Cu DΩ-Øn¬\n∂v Xs∂-bm

Wv At±lw htc-≠-sX∂v hnip≤Jp¿-B≥ sIm≠pw lZo-Yp-

sIm≠pw sXfnbp-∂-Xmbn \ap°v ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bpw. Jp¿-

B≥ ]d-bp-∂Xv t\m°pI:

\nß-fn¬ \n∂v hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw k¬°¿Ω-ßf\p-jvTn-

°pIbpw sNøp∂-htcmSv A√mlp hmKvZm\w \veIn-bn-cn-°p∂p;

GXp-hn[w Ah¿°p aptº Ign-™-h-cn¬ Ah≥ Jeo-^-amsc

Fgp-t∂ev]n-®pthm AtX-hn[w Xo¿®-bmbpw Ah-cnepw Jeo-

^-amsc Fgp-t∂-ev]n-°p-Ibpw Ah¿°p-th≠n A√mlp C„-

s∏´ Ah-cpsS aXsØ Ah≥ _e-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøpw

(hn.-Jp. 24:56).

GXp-]-Imcw _\q-C-km-bo-en¬ aqkm-\-_n-°p-tijw

Jeo-^-amsc \ntbm-Kn-®pthm AXp-]-Imcw \_n Xncp-ta-\n°v


tijhpw Jeo-^-amsc \ntbm-Kn-°p-Ibpw Ah¿ aptJ\ aX

sØ i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-sa-∂mWv A√mlp Cu hmIy-

Øn¬ apkvenwItfmSv hmKvZm\w sNøp-∂-Xv. aqkm-\-_n-°p-

tijw _\q-C-km-bo-en¬ At\Iw Jeo-^-am¿ hcn-Ibpw Xu

dm-Øn\p tkh-\-a-\p-jvTn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p-sh-∂Xv ]Xy-

£-am-Wv. aqkm-\-_n-bpsS Jeo-^-am-cpsS Cu irwJe Cukm-

\-_n-bpsS BK-a-\-tØm-Sp-IqSn ]cn-]q¿Øn ]m]n-®p. apkvenw

Iƒ°pw A-Øcw Jeo-^-am-sc-°p-dn-®mWv hmKvZm\w \evIn-

bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXn-\m¬, aqkm-\-_n-bpsS Jeo-^-am-cn¬ HSp-

hn-esØ Bƒ Ckm-bo¬ ako-lm-bn-cp-∂Xp t]mse, apkvenw

Jeo- -am-cpsS irwJ-ebv°v ]cn-]q¿Øn hcp-Øp∂ Hcp akolv

Ah-km-\-Im-eØv apkvenwIfnepw htc-≠-Xm-sW∂v \n›-bn-

°-s∏-´n-cp-∂p. Cu hn[-Øn¬, "Iam' F∂ ]Zw tZymXn-∏n-°p-

∂-Xp-t]mse c≠v irwJ-e-I-sfbpw A√mlp kmZr-iy-s∏-Sp-

Øn-bn-cn-°-bm-Wv. km-Zr-iy-Øn\v hn`n-∂X A\p-t]-£-Wo-b-

am-sW∂v A`n-⁄-∑m¿°-dn-bmw. AXp-sIm≠v apl-Ω-Zob irw

J-e-bnse HSp-hn-esØ Jeo^ AYhm akolv aqkhn irwJ-

e-bnse ako-ln¬\n∂v hn`n-∂-\mb Hcp hy‡n-bm-bn-cn-°p-

sa∂pw F∂m¬, Ah¿ XΩn¬ kmZr-iy-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw

sXfn-™p.

IqSm-sX, ]kvXpX hN-\-Øn¬ A√mlp "an≥Ipw' (\n-ß-

fn¬\n∂v) F∂ ]Zw ]tbm-Kn®psIm≠v F√m X¿°-Øn-s‚

bpw thc-dp-°p-Ibpw apkvenwIƒ°v hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ Jeo-

^-am¿ "Ah-cn¬\n∂p' Xs∂-bp-≈-h-cm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw ]pdsa

\n∂p-≈-h-cm-bn-cn-°-bn-s√∂pw kv]jvS-am-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-

°p-∂p. F∂n-cn-t°, apl-Ω-Zob irwJ-e-bnse Ah-km-\-tØ

Xpw G‰hpw alm-\p-amb Jeo^ _\qC-km-bo-en¬ \n∂p≈

Hcm-fm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v hmin-]n-Sn-°p-∂Xpw Aßs\ "an≥Ipw'

F∂ ]Zw sIm≠v A√mlp \evIn-bn-´p≈ hmKvZm-\sØ Nh

‰psIm´-bn¬ Fdn™pIf-bp-∂Xpw FX-h-enb A\ym-b-amWv!

t]msc-¶n¬, hmKvZm\w \evI-s∏´ akolv ]pdta\n∂p≈

Hcm-fm-bn-cn-°-bn-s√∂pw t\sc adn-®v, apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn¬

\n∂p Xs∂-bp≈ Hcp hyIvXnbm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw lZoYv hy‡-

ambn ÿm]n-°p-∂p. \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n ]d-bp-∂Xv t\m°pI:


Eeí^…pæÚŠ×ÜD ÒnÌ]ÞjÜ]ƒ]ÞˆÙ]eàÚ†mÜÊnÓÜæ]Ú^ÚÓÜÚßÓÜ\nß-fn¬ \n∂v \nßƒ°v Cam-ambn C_v\p-a¿bw \nß-

fn¬ Cd-ßp-tºmƒ \nß-fpsS ÿnXn FX-ta¬ \∂m-bn-cn°p-

I-bn√! (_p-Jmcn, apkvenw)

hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ akolv apkvenwIfn¬\n∂p Xs∂bp

≈ Hcm-fm-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂v, hymJym-\-Øns‚ Bh-iy-sam-∂p-an-√m

Ø \ne-bn¬, Cu lZoYv hy‡-am-°p-∂p. "an≥Ipw' F∂ ]Z-

Øn\v A\yYm A¿∞w I¬]n-°pI km≤y-a-√. hcm-\n-cn-°p∂

Bƒ°v C_v\pa¿bw F∂ t]cv \evIn-bn- p-s≠-∂p-≈Xv t\cm-

Wv. ]t£, B C_v\p-a¿bw aptº Ign™p t]mb Bfs-√

∂pw apkvenwIfn¬\n∂pXs∂-bp≈ Hcm-fm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw,

"an≥Ipw' F∂ ]Zw Dss®-kvXcw hnfn-t®m-Xp-∂p-≠v. hcm-\n-cn-

°p∂ Bƒ°v "C_v\p-a¿bw' F∂ t]cv \evIn-bXns‚ cl

kyw F¥m-sW∂v ]n∂oSv hy‡-am-°mw. Ct∏mƒ Hcp Imcyw

a\- n-em-°p-I. "an≥Ipw' F∂ ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-®p-sIm≠v \_n

Xncp-ta-\n, Cukm-\_nXs∂ ho≠pw hcp-sa∂ hnizm-k-Øns‚

thcmWv AdpØncn-°p-∂-Xv. hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ akolv Cu

DΩ-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ Bfm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v ]hm-NI ]`p-hmb

lZvdØv apl-ΩZv \_n(-k) kv]jvSambn ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p.

]t£, apkvenwIƒ Ah-cpsS Bflo-tbm-≤m-c-W-Øn\pth≠n

_\q-C-km-bo-ens‚ ]mZ-ß-fn¬ Ipºn´p sIm≠v Cukm-\-_n-

tbmSv kvt\lw ImWn-°p-∂-Xn¬ in¿°ns‚ Nph-bm-Wp-≈Xv!

A√mlpXs∂ Cu P\-Xsb c£n-°s´! AXyp¬Ir-jvS-sa∂p

]Io¿Øn-°-s∏´ Hcp P\X Fhn-sS-\n∂v FX-tØm-f-am-g-Øn

¬ hoWp t]mbn-cn-°p∂p!!

Npcp-°n-∏-d-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ ako-ln-

s\-∏‰n "Cam-apIpw an≥Ipw' F∂ hnti-j-W-ap-]-tbm-Kn-®p sIm

≠v \_n(k) Xncp-ta\n F√m X¿°-ßƒ°pw ]cn-lmcw sNbv

Xn-cn-°p-∂p. kwi-b-Øn-\p≈ bmsXmcp ]gpXpw At±lw _m

°n-sh-®n-´n-√. F∂m¬, At±-l-Øns‚ A\p-Iº t\m°p-I. h

cm-\p≈ akolv Xs‚ DΩ-Øn¬\n∂pXs∂-bp≈ Hcp hy‡n-

bm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v hy‡-ambn ]kvXm-hn-®-Xp-sIm≠p amXw A

t±lw aXn-bm-°n-bn-√. t\sc-a-dn-®v, IqSp-X¬ hni-Zo-I-cWw \ev


Ip-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. At±lw ]d-bp-∂Xv t\m°pI:

…œmkÂnŠFþ³þ³þ³oæÚç‰Fþ³þ³þ³þ³oÊ^Úù^ÂnŠFoÊ^uÛ†ö

qÃ‚ºÂ†m˜]Ö×’‚…æ]Úù^Úç‰FoÊFÝöqŠnÜº

Eeí^…pÒj^he‚ð]Öí×ÐD ‰f¼]ÖÃ†Ò^ÞùäÚà…ùq^Ù]Öù½Rm≥ Cukm, aqkm F∂o \_n-amsc Z¿i-\-Øn¬ I≠p,

Cukm-bpsS \ndw Nph-∏m-bn-cp-∂p. apSn-Np-cp-≠Xpw s\©p hoXn-

tb-dn-b-Xp-am-bn-cp-∂p. aqkm-bpsS \ndw tKmX-ºn-s‚-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.

tZlw XSn-®Xpw apSn \o≠Xpw. I≠m¬ Hcp kpØp-h¿§-°m-

c-s\-t∏mse tXm∂pw (_p-Jmcn, Pn¬Zv 2, InXm_v _Z-vD¬

J¬Jv).

Cu lZo-Yn¬ Cukm-\-_n-bpsS \ndw Nph-∏m-bn´pw apSn

Npcp-≠-Xm-bn´pw h¿Æn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p. CXv _\q-C-km-bo-

ense Ign-™p-t]mb Cukm BsW-∂-Xn\v Cu lZo-Yn¬ X

s∂ sXfn-hp-≠v. Fs¥-∂m¬, Ign-™p-t]mb aqkm-\-_n-tbmSp

tN¿ØmWv At±-l-sØ-∏‰n ]d-™n-´p-≈-Xv. hmb-\-°m¿ Cu

km-\-_n-bpsS Cu e£Ww \√-Xp-t]mse Hm¿Ω-sh-°-Ww.

C\n as‰mcp lZoYn¬ \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n ]d-bp-∂Xv t\m°pI:

enßÛ^]Þ^Þ^ñÜº]›çÍe^ÖÓÃfèÊ^ƒ]…qØº!Ý

‰f¼]ÖÃ†mß_Ì]æmã†]Ñ…œ‰äÚþ³þ³þ³þ³«ð

Eeí^…pÒj^h]ÖËjàD !!!!!! ÊÏ×kÚàâF„]Î^Öç]]eàÚ†mÜRm≥ IAv_ ]Z-£nWw sNøp-∂-Xmbn kz]v\-Øn¬

I≠p. X¬k-abw s]s´∂v Hcmƒ Fs‚ apºn¬ h∂p. Abm-

fpsS \ndw tKmX-ºn-s‚Xpw apSn t\sc-bp-≈Xpw \o≠-Xp-am-bn-cp

∂p. CXm-cm-sW∂v Rm≥ tNmZn-®p. C_v\p-a¿b-am-sW∂v adp]Sn

]d-™p.(_p-Jmcn, InXm-_p¬ ^nX≥ _m_v ZnIvdp-±÷m ¬)

Cu lZo-Yn¬ \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n, hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ ako-lns‚


e£Ww ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv, At±-l-Øns‚ \ndw tKmX-ºn-

s‚Xpw apSn t\sc-bp-≈Xpw \o≠-Xp-am-sW-∂m-Wv. Cu lZo-

Yn¬ ]d™ C_v\p-a¿bw Ah-km-\-Im-eØv hcm-\n-cn-°p∂

ako-lm-sW-∂-Xn\v sXfnhv, AXn-t\mSv XpS¿∂p Z÷m-ens‚

h¿Ø-am\w ]d™n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂-Xm-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬, AsX

kµ¿`-Øn¬ Xm≥ Z÷m-ens\ ImWp-I-bp-≠m-sb∂pw \_n-

Xn-cp-ta\n ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v kv]jvS-am-bn, Cu

]d™ akolv Z÷m-en-s\-Xn-cmbn Bhn¿`-hn-°p∂ ako-lm-

sW-∂v. Ct∏mƒ Imcyw hfsc hy‡-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. _\q-Ckm-

bo-en¬ Fgp-t∂ev]n-°-s∏´ Cukm-\-_n-bpsS e£-Ww, \ndw

Nph-∏pw, apSn Npcp-≠-Xp-am-sW-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬, Z÷m-en

s\Xncmbn Fgp-t∂ev]n-°-s∏-Sp∂ ako-lns‚ e£-Ww, \ndw

tKmX-ºn-s‚-Xpw, apSn t\¿°p-≈Xpw \o≠-Xp-am-bn-´mWv hnh-

cn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. c≠p e£-W-ß-fnepw hyXymkw ]Xy-

£-am-Wv. AXn-s\-∏‰n hnh-cn-t°≠ Bh-iy-an-√. Nph∏v \ndhpw

tKmX-ºns‚ \ndhpw H∂m-Iptam? Npcp-f≥ apSnbpw t\¿°p≈

\of≥ apSnbpw Fßs\ H∂mIpw? CXn-t\-°mƒ Ihn-s™mcp

hy‡X F¥p≠v? c≠p ako-lp-am-cp-sSbpw cq]w hmb-\-°m-

cpsS apºn¬ sh®p Ign-™n-cn-°p-∂p. AXp-Xs∂ "JmØ-ap-∂-

_n-øo≥' lZvdØv apl-Ω-Zv(-k.-A) Xncp-ta-\n-bm¬ hc-bv°-s∏´

cq]w. Cu c≠p cq]-ß-fnepw Htc hy‡n-bmtWm ImW-s∏-Sp-

∂-sX∂v C\n hmb-\-°m-c≥Øs∂ Xocp-am-\n-°-s´. A√mlp

Dƒ°Æp \evIn-bn-´p-≈-h¿°m¿°pw B c≠p cq]hpw Hcm-fp-

tS-Xm-sW∂v ]d-bm≥ km[n-°p-I-bn-√. lZvdØv AlvaZv(A)

]d-™Xv FX ]c-am¿∞-am-bn-cn-°p∂p:

hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ akolv Rm≥ Xs∂-bm-Wv. Rm≥

\_n (k) Xncp-ta\n hnh-cn-®n-´p≈ e£-W-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv

h∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Fs∂ Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ Ign-bmØ IÆn-s\-∏‰n

Atlm I„w! Fs‚ \ndw tKmX-ºns‚-Xm-Wv. apSn-bpsS Imcy


Ønepw \_n Xncp-ta\n lZo-Yn¬ ]d™ ]Imcw Cukm-\-

_n-bp-ambn F\n°v hyXym-k-ap-≠v. AXn-\m¬, Fs‚ hc-hns\

kw_-‘n®v C\n kwi-b-Øn-\n-S-bn-√. Imc-Ww, \ΩpsS bP-

am-\\pw t\Xm-hp-amb Xncp-ta\n(k) Xs∂ sNa-∏p-\n-d-ap≈ a

ko-ln¬\n∂v Fs∂ th¿s]-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

Cd-ßp-sa-∂-Xns‚ Xm¬]cyw

hcm-\p≈ akolv Ign-™p-t]mb ako-ln¬\n∂v hyXy-

kvX-\mb Bfm-sW∂v ta¬]-d™ tcJ-Iƒ sIm≠v kqcy-]-

Imiw t]mse sXfn-bp-∂p-≠v. F√m Jeo- -amcpw apkvenwIfn¬

\n∂p Xs∂-bp-≈-h-cm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v hnip≤Jp¿-B≥ km£n

]d-bp-∂p. hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ akolv CtX DΩ-Øn¬ \n∂p

≈ Hcp hy‡n-bm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v lZoYv hnfn-t®m-Xp-∂p. IqSmsX

\_n-Xn-cp-ta\n (k) c≠v ako-lp-am-cp-sSbpw sht∆-sd-bp≈

cq]w \ΩpsS apºn¬ sh®p-sIm≠v IqSp-X¬ sXfnhv Bh-iy-

an-√m-Xm-°n-Øo¿Øn-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬, Hcp kwibw Xo¿®-

bmbpw Ah-ti-jn-°p-∂p-≠v. AXv akolv auDuZv AYhm hmKv

Zm\w sNø-s∏´ akolv Cu DΩ-Øn¬ \n∂pXs∂ htc≠

Bfm-sW-¶n¬ At±-lsØ kw_-‘n®p "\pkq¬' F∂ ]Z

hpw "C_v\p a¿bw' F∂ ]Zhpw F¥n-\p-]-tbm-Kn®p F∂-Xm-

Wv. "\pkq¬' F∂ ]Zw ako-lv au-DuZv BIm-i-Øn¬ \n∂v

Cd-ßp-sa∂pw C_v\p-a¿bw F∂ ]Zw Cukm-\_n Xm≥ Xs∂

hcp-sa-∂p-am-Wt√m ]Im-in-∏n-°p-∂-Xv? F∂m¬, CXp-kw-_-

‘n®v \√-Xp-t]mse Hm¿Ω-sh-t°≠ Hcp kwK-Xn, kzlo-lmb

lZo-Yp-I-fn-sem-∂nepwXs∂ "\pkq¬' F∂ ]Z-tØmSp IqSn

"kam-Av'(B-Im-iw) F∂ ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-´n-s√-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv.

AXp-sIm≠v "Cd-ß¬' BIm-i-Øn¬\n∂m-sW∂v A¿∞-sa-

Sp-°m≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√. IqSmsX "\pkq¬' F∂ ]Z-Øns‚

A¿∞-sØ-∏-‰nbpw Nn¥n-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. Ad-_n-bn¬ Cu ]Z-

Øn\v ]Xy-£-s∏-SpI hcnI F∂pw IqSn A¿∞-ap-≠v.

hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂Xv t\m°pI:

A√mlp \nß-fpsS ASp-tØ°v Hcp D¬t_m-[-Is\ Cd-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 75°nbn-cn-°p-∂p, AXm-bXv Hcp ZqX-s\. At±lw \nßƒ°v

A√m-lp-hns‚ hy‡-amb ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ hy‡-ambn hnh-cn®p

Xcp-∂p........(hn.-Jp. 65: 11,12).

Cu hN-\-Øn¬ \_n Xncp-ta-\nsb kw_-‘n®v "\pkp¬'

F∂ ]Z-amWv D]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p-≈-Xv. F∂m¬, At±lw BIm-

i-Øn¬\n∂v Cd-ßn-b-X-√, qan-bn¬ P\n®p hf¿∂-XmWv F∂v

F√m-h¿°p-a-dn-bmw. ho≠pw hnip≤Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp∂p:

]S-t°m-∏p-Iƒ \n¿Ωn-°m-\p-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xpw a‰p ]e-

hn-[-Øn¬ P\-ßƒ°v ]tbm-P-\-I-c-hp-amb Ccpºv \mw Cd-

°n-Ø-∂n-cn-°p-∂p (hn.-Jp. 57:26).

`qan-bn¬\n∂v Ipgn-s®-Sp-°p∂ Ccp-ºns\∏‰nbpw Cd-°n-

sb-∂mWv ChnsS ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. \pkq-ens‚ A¿∞w

Ft∏mgpw "apI-fn¬\n∂v Iogvt]m´v Cd-°pI' F∂-Xm-bn-cn-°-

W-sa-∂n-s√∂v Cu hmIy-ß-fn¬\n∂v \√Xpt]mse hy‡-am-

Ip-∂p-≠v. "\pkp¬' F∂ ]Zw A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v a\p-jy\p

A\p-K-l-ambn kn≤n-°p∂ hkvXp-°sf kw_-‘n®pw ]e-

t∏mgpw D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp-≠v. AXn-\m¬, \pkq¬ F∂ ]Zw D]-

tbm-Kn-®-Xp-sIm≠v akolv BIm-i-Øn¬\n∂v Cd-ßp-sa∂v

A\p-am-\n-°p-∂Xv XnI®pw sX‰m-Wv. IqSm-sX, Ad-_n-bn¬

BK-X¿°v "\ko¬' F∂pw Ah¿ Xßp∂ ÿe-ßƒ°v "a≥

kn¬' F∂pw ]d-bm-dp-≠v. t]msc-¶n¬ lZo-Yp-I-fn¬Xs∂ ako-

lns‚ BK-a\w kw_-‘n®v "JpdqPv', "_AYv' F∂o ]Z-ßfpw

]tbm-Kn-°-s∏´p ImWp-∂p. B ÿnXn°v "JpdqPv', "_AYv',

"\pkq¬' F∂o aq∂p ]Z-ßƒ°pw Hcp-t]mse tbmPn-°p∂

A¿∞-amWv Dt±-in-°-s∏-´-sX∂v Xo¿®-s∏-Sp-Øp-Itb \nhr-

Øn-bp-≈q.

C_v\p-a¿bw F∂ A`n-[m\w

C\n C_v\p-a¿bw F∂ t]cn-s\-°p-dn-®mWv ]d-bm-\p-≈-

Xv. `mhn-bn¬ hcm-\p≈ ssZh-\n-bp-‡-cpsS t]¿ GsX-¶nepw

]hm-N-I≥ apJm-¥cw ]h-Nn-°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ B t]¿ B¥-cn-


I-amb Hcp A¿∞sØ kqNn-∏n®p sIm≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂Xv

km[m-c-W-am-sW∂ kwKXn \mw \√-Xp-t]mse a\- n-em-°-

Ww. AXn-\m¬, B \masØ _mly-amb \ne-bn¬ IW-°m-

°p-∂Xv icn-bm-bn-cn-°-bn-√. B t]¿ ]tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xns‚ c

l-kyw, hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ B alm-flmhpw At±-l-Øn\v

]h-N-\-Øn¬ \evI-s∏´ t]cpw XΩn-ep≈ AKm-[hpw kq£va-

hp-amb _‘sØ ]Im-in-∏n-°pI F∂-Xm-Wv. DZm-l-c-W-ambn

ako-lns‚ BK-a-\-Øn\p aptº C¬bmkv \_n ho≠pw hcp-

sa∂v _\q-C-km-bo-en\v hmKvZm\w \¬I-s∏-´n-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

C¬bmkv \_n Cukm-\-_n°v 850 sIm√w aptº Ign™p

t]mb Bfm-Wv. At±lw BIm-i-Øn-te°v Db¿Ø-s∏- n-cn°p-

∂p-sh-∂mWv blq-Z¿ hniz-kn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. (cm-Pm-°≥am¿ 2,

A≤ymbw 2, hN\w 11). X≥aqew Ign-™p-t]mb C¬bmkv

\_nXs∂ BIm-i-Øn¬\n∂v Cdßnhcp-sa∂pw AXn-\p-ti-

jta akolv hcp-I-bp-≈p-sh∂pw blq-Z¿ [cn-®p. X¬^-e-am

bn Cukm-\_n h∂p ako-lm-sW∂ hmZw ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-®-t∏mƒ

Ah¿ B hmZsØ Xnc-kvI-cn-®p. Ah¿ ]d™p: ""Rß-fpsS

KŸ-ß-fn¬ Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≈Xv ako-ln\p aptº C¬bmkv Cd-

ßp-sa-∂m-Wv. C¬bmkv \_n CXp-h-scbpw h∂n-´n-√. AXp-

sIm≠v tbip-hns‚ hmZw icn-bm-Im≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√.'' CXn\v

adp-]-Sn-bmbn Cukm-\_n ]d-™Xv C]-Im-c-am-bn-cp-∂p: C¬

bmkv hcp-sa∂ ]h-N\w sIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏-´Xv At±-lØn

s‚ ]p\-cm-K-a-\-a-√. t\sc-a-dn-®v, At±-l-Øns‚ kz`m-h-tØmSpw

KpW-tØmSpw IqSnb as‰mcp ]hm-N-Is‚ hc-hm-Wv. At±lw

h∂p Ign-™p. AXv blvbbmWv. IÆp≈h¿ I≠p-sIm-≈s´

(a-Øm-bn, 11,14). ]t£, ]Z-Øns‚ _mlym¿∞w amXw ]cn-

K-Wn®v blq-Z¿ C¬bm-kp-\_nXs∂ Cd-ßn-h-c-W-sa∂ Imcy-

Øn¬ iTn®p\nev°p-Ibpw X∂n-anØw c£ ]m]n-°p-∂-Xn

¬\n∂v hnZq-c-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp (a-Øm-bn, A≤ymbw 17).

hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ ]cn-jv°¿Øm-°-sf-∏‰n ]h-N-\-ß-fn¬ Im

Wp∂ t]cp-Iƒ Ft∏mgpw _mly-amb A¿∞-Øn¬ Bbn-cn-

t°-≠-Xn-s√-∂pw, t\sc-a-dn®v B¥-cn-I-amb kmZr-iysØ kqNn

∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n Ah Ae-¶m-c-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂Xv km

[m-c-W-am-sW∂pw Cu DZm-l-c-W-Øn¬\n∂p \√-Xp-t]mse


kv]jvS-am-Ip-∂p-≠v. Aßs\-b-s√-¶n¬, C¬bm-kv\_n BIm-

i-Øn¬\n∂v Cdßn hcp-∂Xpw blvbm\_n qan-bn¬\n∂vP\n-

®p-≠m-Ip-∂Xpw XΩn¬ FX-Xs∂ A¥-chpw AI¬®-bp-an√!

]t£, Cukm-\_n ]d-bp∂p, blvbbmWv C¬bmsk-∂v. Imc

Ww blvb, C¬bm-kns‚ kz`m-h-tØmSpw KpW-tØm Spw IqSn-

bmWv h∂-Xv. Ign-™p-t]mb GsX-¶n-ep-samcp ]hm-N-I≥ B

Im-i-Øn¬\n∂v Cdßn hcp-sa∂v A√m-lp-hns‚ hN-\-ß-fn¬

]hNn-°-s∏-´n-´p-s≠-¶n¬ AXns‚ A¿∞w B ]hm-N-I≥X

s∂ BIm-iØns‚ X´p ]nf¿∂v `qan-bn-te°v Cdßn hcp-sa

∂-√, adn®v At±-l-Øns‚ kZr-i-\mbn as‰m-cmƒ hcp-sa-∂m

Wv F∂pIqSn ta¬]-d™ DZm-l-cWw hy‡-am-°n-Ø-cp-∂p≠v.

AXp-sIm≠v ako-lns\ kw_-‘n-®v, At±lw Cd-ßp-sa∂v

]d-™-Xns‚ Dt±-iyhpw At±lwXs∂ BIm-i-Øn ¬\n∂v

Cd-ßp-sa-∂-√. ]XypX At±-l-Øns‚ Hcp kZr-i≥ Bhn¿`-

hn-°p-sa-∂m-sW∂v a\- n-em-Ip∂p˛ C¬bm-kv\_n BIm-i-

Øn¬\n∂v Cd-ßp-sa∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ Dt±iyw, At±-l-Øns‚

kZr-i-\mb blvbm-\-_n-bpsS P\-\-am-bn-cp-∂-Xp-t]mse.

AXn-\m¬, C_v\p-a¿bw F∂ t]cns‚ _mly-cq-]-Øn

≥ta¬ ]‰n-∏n-Sn®p \nev°p-∂Xpw B t]cp-Im-c-Ww, hcm-\p≈

akolns\ \ntj-[n-°p-∂Xpw b-¶-c-amb \mi-Øns‚ hgnbm-

Wv. AXn¬\n∂v Hgn™p\nevt°-≠Xv F√m-h-cp-sSbpw I¿Ø-

hy-am-Ip-∂p. t]cv F√m-bvt∏mgpw ]Xy-£-Øn¬ It≠ Ignbq

F∂n-√. AXn¬ A¿∞ kw_-‘-amb clkyw AS-ßn-bn-cn-

°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. ]Xn-]m-Zy-hn-j-bsØ IqSp-X¬ hy‡-am-°p∂

Hcp DZm-l-cWw IqSn ]d-bmw. X\n°v ]nd-In-ep-≈Xpw AlvaZv

F∂p t]cp-≈-Xp-amb Hcp ]hm-N-Is‚ hc-hn-s\-∏‰n Cukm-

\_n ]h-Nn-®n-cp-∂-Xmbn hnip≤Jp¿-B-\nse kqdx-k- v n¬

]d-bp-∂p-ap≠v. Cu ]h-N\w \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS BK-a-\-Øm

¬ \nd-th-dn-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v F√m apkvenwIfpw hniz-kn-°p

∂p. F∂m¬, \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS kz¥w t]¿ "AlvaZv' F∂√,

"apl-ΩZv' F∂mWv F∂v F√mh¿°pa-dn-bmw. ]hm-N-I-Xz-hm-

Z-Øn-\p-tijw Xs‚ t]¿ "AlvaZv' F∂p IqSn-bm-sW∂v \_n-

Xn-cp-ta\n ]d-™n- p-s≠-∂Xv t\cm-Wv. F∂m¬, hmZ-Øn\pti

jw B t]¿ Xt∂mSv kw_-‘n-∏n-°p-∂Xv Hcphn[-Ønepw i


Xp-°ƒs°mcp tcJ-bm-hp-I-bn-√. Ah¿°v tcJ-bm-h-W-sa-¶n¬

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ At±-l-Øn\v B t]¿

\evIp-Itbm hmZ-Øn\v aptº At±lw B t]cn¬ hnfn-°-s∏-

Sp-Itbm sNbvXn- p-≠m-h-Ww. F∂m¬, kzlo-lmb Hscm‰ lZo

YvsIm≠pw Aßs\ ÿm]n-X-am-Ip-∂n-√. AXn-\m¬, Cu kwi-

b-Øn\v Htcsbmcp-Ø-cta ]d-bm-\m-hp-I-bp-≈q˛ Xncp-ta-\n-bn¬

"AlvaZv' F∂ \ma-Øns‚ KpW-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂p F∂pw BIm-

i-Øn¬ blvbmbv°p C¬bm-sk∂p t]cm-bXp t]mse Xncp-

ta-\n°v BIm-i-Øn¬ "AlvaZv' F∂pIqSn t]cp-≠m-bn-cp∂p

F∂pw ]h-N-\-ß-fn¬ ]d-b-s∏´ t]cv ]Xy-£-Øn¬ D≠mbn-

cn-t°-≠Xv \n¿_‘as√∂pw AXv GsX-¶nepw B¥-cn-I-am

b cl-kysØ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°m-sa∂pw ta¬]-d™

c≠v DZm-l-c-W-ß-fn¬\n∂v hy‡-am-Ip-∂p-≠v. CXn¬ AS-ßn-

bn-cn-°p∂ cl-ky-sa-¥m-sW-∂p-sh-®m¬, A√m-lp-hn\p _mly-

amb t]cn-t\m-S√ _‘w, t\sc-a-dn®v hkvXp-°-fpsS kz`m-h-

Kp-W-ß-tfm-Sm-Ip-∂p. a\p-jy¿ Xo¿®-bmbpw Xncn-®-dn-hn-\p-th≠n

_mly-amb \ma-Øn\p ]m[m\yw \evIn-tb-°mw. F∂m¬,

A√m-lp-hns‚ Zr„n-bn¬ bYm¿∞- \maw _mly-am-b-X-√, kz`m-

hKp-W-ßsf kw_-‘n-®-Xm-Ip-∂p.

hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ ako-ln\v A√mlp "C_v\p-a¿bw' F∂pt]

¿ \evIn-b-Xns‚ clkyw F¥m-sW-∂p≈ tNmZyw ChnsSD¬

-hn-°p-∂p-≠v. CXn\v adp-]-Sn-bmbn [mcmfw Imcyßƒ ]d-bm≥

Ign-bpw. ]t£, ssZ¿Ly-`-b-Øm¬ Cu sNdp ]pkvX-I-Øn¬

Ah hnh-cn-°m≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√. GXm\pw Nne ][m\ ImcW-

ßƒ amXw ]d-bmw.

H∂m-a-Xv, hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ akolv Cukm-\-_n-bpsS

kz`m-h-Kp-W-ß-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv htc-≠-Xv˛ blvbm\_n C¬

bm-kp-\-_n-bpsS kz`m-h-Kp-W-ß-tfm-Sp-IqSn h∂-Xp-t]m-se. AXn-

\m¬, blvbm\-_n-bpsS BK-a-\-Øm¬ C¬bm-kp-\-_n-bpsS

BK-a\w kw_-‘n® hmKvZm\w F]-Imcw \nd-th-dn-tbm, A]-

Imcw GsX-¶n-ep-samcp kZr-is‚ BK-a-\-Øn¬ ako-lns‚

hc-hns\ Ipdn-®p≈ hmKvZ-m\hpw \nd-thtd-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p. Cu

kmZriyw \nan-Ø-amWv hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ ako-ln\v C_v\p-

a¿bw F∂p-t]¿ \evI-s∏-´-Xv.


c≠m-a-Xv, GXp-]-Imcw \mkn-cn-a-kolv aqkm-\-_n-bpsS

aX-Øn¬ "JmØ-ap¬Jp-e-^'-bmbn h∂pthm AXp-]-Imcw

apl-Ω-Zo-a-kolv CkvemwaX-Øn¬ "JmØ-ap¬Jp-e-^'-bmbn

htc-≠-Xm-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v At±-l-Øn\v C_v\p-a¿bw F∂

t]¿ \evI-s∏-´p.

aq∂m-a-tØXpw ][m-\-hp-amb Imc-W-an-Xm-Wv. Ah-km-\-

Imew InkvXp-a-Xw, AXm-bXv Ipcn-ip-aXw ]m_eyw ]m]n°p-

sa∂v hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ \n∂pw lZo-kp-I-fn¬ \n∂pw a\ n-

em-Ip-∂p AXn-\m¬ akolv auDu-Zns‚ G‰hpw ][m-\-s∏´

IS-a-bmbn ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏- n- p-≈Xv At±lw Ipcn-ins\ XI¿

°pw F∂-Xm-Wv. ImcWw, GsX-¶nepw Hcp \_n-bpsS P\ßfn

¬ Ipg-∏-ap-≠m-Ip-tºmƒ B Ipg∏w \ot°-≠Xv AtX \_nbp

sS [m¿Ωn-I-amb Npa-X-e-bm-Ip-∂p. GXp-t]m-se-sb-∂m¬,GsX-

¶nepw c-W-Øn≥Iogn¬ Hcp Ipg-∏-ap-≠m-hp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv

Ah-km-\n-∏n-t°-≠Xv A\y-K-h¨sa‚p-I-fpsS ISab-√, AtX

Kh¨sa‚ns‚Xs∂ IS-a-bm-Wv. Aß-s\, Ah-km-\-Im-e-tØ

°v hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ BfpsS ][m\ I¿Øhyw ssIkvXh-

a-X-Øns‚ Ipg-∏w t\cn-S-em-bXp sIm≠p Cukm-\-_n-tbmSv

kmZr-iy-s∏-SpØn At±-l-Øn\v Cuk-_v\p-a¿b-sa∂pw ako

sl∂pw t]¿ \evI-s∏-´p. Ah-km-\-Im-eØv Cusbmcp Ipg-∏-

Øn\p]pdsa hfsc henb a‰p Ipg-∏-ßfpw D≠m-hp-Ibpw F√m

P\-X-Ifpw AXn\p hnt[-b-am-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNøp-sa∂pw ]h-

Nn-°-s∏- n- p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\m¬, B ka-bØv F√m P\X-

I-fp-sSbpw ÿm]-I∑m-cpsS ]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ htc-≠Xpw Xm¥m

ß-fpsS P\-X-Isf D≤-cn-t°-≠Xpw Bh-iy-am-Wv. ]t£, Htc

ka-bØv At\Iw aX-]-cn-jv°¿Øm-°ƒ temIØv hcp-I-sb

∂m¬, AXv Ipg-∏sØ C√m-Xm-°p-∂-Xn\p ]Icw AXns\

Bf-n°-Øn-°m-\mWv CS-bm-°p-I. IqSm-sX, Ckvemans‚ Bhn

¿`m-h-Øn\ptijw B≤ym-flnIPew apgp-h\pw Ckvemw AXn-

\p-≈n-te°p hen-s®-Sp-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. Ct∏mƒ Ckveman

e√msX as‰mcp P\-X-bnepw Hcp B≤ym-flnI ]cn-jv°¿Ømhv

Ah-X-cn-°pI km[y-a-√. X≥aqew F√m ]hm-N-I∑m-cp-sSbpw

]Xn-\n-[n-Isf Htc- Hcp hy‡n-bn¬ Hcp-an®pIq´n Ckveman\


IØv Fgp-t∂ev]n-t°-≠Xv AXym-h-iy-am-bn-Øo¿∂p. At±l-

Øn\v \n›-bn-°-s∏´ tPmen F√m P\-X-I-sfbpw D≤-cn-°pI

F∂-Xm-Wv. as‰mcp hn[-Øn¬ ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ At±-lØn

s‚ tPmen c≠mbn hn -Pn-°-s∏- n-cn-°-bm-Wv. H∂v,apkvenw P\-

X-bpsS D≤m-c-Ww. c≠m-a-tØ-Xv, _m°n apgp-h≥ P\-X-I-fpsS

bpw D≤m-c-Ww. apkvena√mØ P\-X-I-fpsS D≤m-c-W-Øn¬G‰

hpw ][m-\-s∏-´Xv Cukm-\-_n-bpsS A\p-bm-bn-I-fp-sS-Xm-Wv.

akolv auDu-Zns‚ tPmensb kw_-‘n®v Xncp-ta\n(k) At±

lw "Ipcn-ins\ XI¿°pw' F∂p ]d-™n- p--≈-Xn¬\n∂v hy‡

am-Ip-∂Xv ssIkvXh kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ sX‰mb hnizm-k-ßsf

Jfin-t°-≠Xv At±-l-Øns‚ ][m\ I¿Ø-hy-am-sW-∂mWv.

Cu Imcyw ap≥\n-dp-Øn-bmWv hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ Bsf kw_‘n®v

]tXy-I-ambpw Cuk-_v\p-a¿bw F∂v ]d-™n- p-≈-Xv. lZvdØv

AlvaZv(A) ]d-bp-I-bmWv:

ssIkvXh-P-\-X-bpsS ]cn-jv°-c-W-Øn-\mbn F\n°v ]tXy-

I-amb ]Imiw \evI-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu Imc-W-Ømem Wv

F\n°v C_v\p-a¿bw F∂p t]¿ sh°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂Xv.

CXn-s\-Xn-cmbn a‰p P\-X-I-fpsS ]cn-jv°-c-WsØ kw_-

‘n®v F√m dkq¬amcpw ]mXn\n[y-kz-`m-h-

tØmsS Htc hy‡n-bn¬ Hcp-an-®p-Iq-´-s∏-Spw. (-hn.Jp. 77:12)

F∂v amXta ]d-™n-´p-≈q.

F∂m¬, adp-`m-KØv apkvenwkap-Zm-bsØ D≤-cn-°p-I-sb

∂Xpw hfsc ][m-\-s∏´ tPmen-bm-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v B Imcyw

ap≥\n-dpØn hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ Bƒ°v "apl-ΩZv' F∂pw "AlvaZv'

F∂pw t]¿ sh°-s∏- p. AXpsIm≠v apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øns‚

D≤m-c-WsØ kw_-‘n®nStØmfw hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ Bƒ

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS ]Xn-\n-[nbpw ]Xn-_nw-_-hp-am-bn-cn-°p-

∂-Xm-Wv.


hmKvZØ ako-lpw alvZn-bp-w Hcmƒ

Cukm-\-_n-bpsS ac-W-Ø-∏-‰nbpw AXn-t\mSv _‘-s∏´

a‰p hnj-b-ß-sf-∏-‰nbpw Npcp-ßnb \ne-bn¬ ]Xn-]m-Zn®p Ign

™p. C\n \ap°v ako-lv au-DuZpw, alvZnbpw Hcm-fmtWm A

tXm sht∆sd hy‡n-I-fmtWm F∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v ]cn-Nn-¥\w

sNømw. hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ akolpw alvZnbpw sht∆sd

hy‡n-I-fm-sW-∂mWv C°m-esØ apkvenwIƒ s]mXp-hn¬

hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xv. F∂m¬, kq£va-ambn ]cn-tim-[n-°p∂ ]£w

Cu hnizmkw sX‰m-sW∂pw \_n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS D]-tZ-iØn

\v hncp-≤-am-sW∂pw ImWp-hm≥ Ignbpw. Cu hnhm-Z-Øn-te°v

]th-in-°p-∂-Xn\v aptº alvZnsb kw_-‘n®v apkvenwIƒ

Fs¥√mw A`n-]m-b-ß-fmWv ]I-Sn-∏n-®n-´p-≈-sX∂v Npcp-°

Øn¬ ]cn-tim-[n-t°-≠Xv AXym-h-iy-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. alvZnsb

kw_-‘n-®p≈ ]kvXm-h-\-I-fn¬ Aº-cn-∏n-°p∂ hyXym-k

hpw sshcp-≤y-hp-amWv ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. B hyXymkw Hcp Imcy-

Øn¬ amX-a-√, an°-hmdpw F√m Imcy-ß-fnepw ImWp-hm≥

Ign-bpw. DZm-l-c-W-ambn alvZn-bpsS hwi-sØ-∏-‰n Hcp Iq´¿

]d-bp-∂p, alvZn, lZvdØv ^mØn-a-bpsS hwi-Øn¬ \n∂m-bn

cn-°p-sa-∂v. Cu Iq´-cn¬Xs∂ aq∂v imJ-I-fp-≠v. H∂m-asØ

imJ-bpsS A`n-]mbw alvZn, Camw-l-ks‚ k¥-Xn-I-fn¬ \n

∂p≈ Bfm-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂m-Wv. c≠m-asØ imJ ]d-bp-∂Xv

At±lw Camw lpssks‚ k¥-Xn-I-fn¬ \n∂m-bn-cn-°p-sa-

∂m-Wv. aq∂m-asØ imJ-bm-Is´ Camw lk-s‚bpw Camw lp

ssk-s‚bpw k¥-Xn-I-fn¬ \n∂m-Wv At±lw P\n-°p-I-sb∂v

hmZn-°p-∂p. AXm-b-Xv, alvZn-bpsS amXmhv lk-\n-bm-sW-¶n¬

]nXmhv lpssk-\n-bm-bn-cn-°pw. as‰mcp Iq´¿ alvZn, lZvdØv

^mØn-a-bpsS hwi-Øn¬ \n∂mWv P\n-°p-I-sb∂v ]d-bp-∂p.

thsd-bp-samcp Iq´¿ ]d-bp-∂p, At±lw lZvdØv Da-dns‚ k

¥m-\-ß-fn¬\n∂mWv hcp-I-sb-∂v. Nne lZo-Yp-Iƒ ]Imcw

alvZn Hcp ]tXyI hwi-Øn¬ \n∂m-bn-cn-°-W-sa-∂n-s√-∂pw,

]XypX \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬ \n∂m-h-W-sa-t∂-bp-

≈q-sh∂pw a\- n-em-Ip-∂p. IqSmsX alvZn-bp-sSbpw At±-l-

Øns‚ ]nXm-hn-s‚bpw t]cp-Isf kw_-‘n®pw A`n-]m-b-hy-

Xym-k-ap-≠v. Nne lZo-kp-Iƒ alvZn-bpsS t]¿ "apl-ΩZv' F∂m-


bn-cn-°p-sa∂v ]d-bp-tºmƒ a‰p NneXv "AlvaZv' F∂m-bn-cn-

°p-sa∂pw thsd NneXv "Cukm' F∂m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw ]d-bp-

∂p. ]nXm-hns‚ t]¿ kp∂n-I-fpsS A`n-]m-b-Øn¬ "A_vZp-

√mlv' F∂m-Wv. inbm-°ƒ ]d-bp∂p "lk≥' F∂m-sW-∂v.

CXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ alvZn ]pd-s∏-Sp∂ ÿe-sØ-∏-‰nbpw At±

lw temIØv FX-Imew I¿Ω-\n-c-X-\m-Ip-sa-∂-Xn-s\-∏-‰nbpw

A`n-]m-b-hy-Xym-k-ap-≠v. Npcp-°-Øn¬, alvZnsb kw_-‘n®

F√m Imcy-ß-fnepw A`n-]m-b-hy-Xym-k-ap-≈-Xmbn ImWp-∂p.

Cu hn`n∂ hmZ-ßƒs°√mw hn`n∂ hn`m-K-ßƒ lZo-YmWv

tcJ-bmbn ImWn-°p-∂-sX-∂-XmWv Ht´sd ckm-h-l-am-bn-cn-

°p-∂Xv (lp-PPp¬ Indma t\m°p-I). Cu ÿnXn-bn¬ alvZnsb

kw_-‘n®v dnt∏m¿´v sNø-s∏-´n-´p≈ F√m lZo-Yp-Ifpw icn-

bm-sW∂v hniz-kn-°pI km[y-a-√. Cu Imc-W-Øm-emWv Camw

_pJm-cnbpw Camw apkvenapw Xß-fpsS lZoYp-K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬ a

lvZnsb kw_-‘n-®p≈ lZo-Yp-Iƒ°p ÿm\w \evIm-Xn-cp∂Xv.

B lZo-Yp-Iƒ H∂pwXs∂ hnizm-k-tbm-Ky-am-sW∂v Ah¿ Icp-

Xn-bn-cp-∂n-√. AXpt]mse-Øs∂ ]n∂o-Sp-h∂ Nne Deam-°fpw

alvZnsb kw_-‘n® lZo-Yp-I-sf√mw _e-lo-\-ß-fm-sW∂v

ka¿∞n-°p-Ibpw Ah-bn¬ H∂pwXs∂ \ncm-t£-]-a-s√∂v Xpd-

∂p-]-d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p-≠v. (lp-P-Pp¬ Indma t\m°p-I).

Cu A`n-]mb hyXym-k-ßƒs°√mw Imc-W-sa-¥m-sW∂

Hcp tNmZyw ChnsS kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw P\n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. C°mcy-

Øn¬ Rßƒ°v a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-™n- p-≈Xv CXm-Wv. \_n-

Xn-cp-ta\n Hcp alvZn-sb-∏‰n ]tXy-I-ambn hmKvZm\w \evInbn-

´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw hnhn-[-Im-e-ß-fn¬ hnhn[ Ah-ÿ-I-

fn¬ ]Xy£-s∏-tS≠ At\Iw alvZn-am-sc-∏‰n s]mXp-hn¬

ap∂-dn-bn∏v \evIn-bn-´p-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\m¬, B ]kvXm-

h-\-I-fn¬ hyXym-kßƒ D≠m-bn-cn-°p-I-sb-∂Xv kwKXw amX-

am-Wv. s]mXp-P-\-ßƒ B ]kvXm-h-\-I-sf√mw Hcmsf kw_-

‘n-®m-sW∂v [c-n®p-t]m-b-XmWv sX‰v. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Ahsb

√mw hyXykvX hy‡n-I-sf-∏-‰n-bm-bn-cp-∂p. A\p- -h-ß-fpsS sh

fn-®-Øn¬ \ap°v a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bp∂ as‰mcp Imc-W-am

Wn-Xv. Hmtcm P\-Xbv°pw Hmtcm P\-hn-`m-K-Øn\pw \∑-I-sf-

sb√mw Xß-fp-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ A`n-em-j-ap-≠m-bncn-


°pw. Aßs\ \_n(-k) Xncp-ta\n Xs‚ DΩ-Øn¬\n∂pw H

cp alvZn P\n-°p-sa∂v ]h-Nn-®-t∏mƒ apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Ønse

F√m hn`m-K-ßƒ°pw B alvZn Xß-fn¬ \n∂m-bn-cn-°-W-sa

∂ BK-l-ap-≠m-bn. Hcp kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ F√m-hcpw ssZh- ‡n

bpw Bfl-ip-≤n-bp-ap-≈-h-cm-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√. alvZn Xß-fpsShn`m-

K-Øn¬ \n∂mWv hcp-I-sb∂v tXm∂p-am-dp≈ Nne lZoYp-I

ƒ Ah-cn¬ Nne¿ sI´n-®-a-®p. alvZnsb kw_-‘n-®p≈ lZoYp-

Ifn¬ CX-tbsd Ipg-∏-ßƒ ImWp-∂-Xn\p CXmWv Imc-Ww.

F∂m¬, alvZn Hcp ]tXyI hn`m-K-Øn¬ \n∂m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂p

kqNn-∏n-°msX apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn¬\n∂p≈ Hcp hy‡nbm

bn-cn-°p-sa∂v amXw ImWn-°p∂ lZo-Yp-Iƒ Xo¿®-bmbpw kzo

Im-cy-tbm-Ky-ß-fm-Wv. Imc-Ww, Ah IrXn-a-am-sW∂v hnNm-cn-

°m≥ bmsXmcp \ymb-hp-an-√. alvZn apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn¬

\n∂p≈ Hcp hy‡n-bm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v ImWn-°p∂ lZo-Yp-Iƒ

sI´n-®-a-bvt°≠ Bhiyw Hcmƒ°pw D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. F∂m¬,

alvZn GsX-¶nepw ]tXyI hn`m-K-tØmSv _‘-s∏´ Bfmbn-

cn-°p-sa∂v ImWn-°p∂ lZoYp-I-sf-∏‰n Ah ]n∂oSv \n¿Ωn®p

tN¿°-s∏-´-Xm-sW∂v kwi-bn-°m≥ [mcmfw hgn-bp-≠v.

Cu hyXym-k-ß-fpsS shfn-®-Øn¬ alvZnsb GsX-¶nepw

Hcp hwi-tØmSv _‘n-∏n-°m-Xn-cn-t°-≠Xv \ΩpsS IS-a-bmWv.

\_n-Xn-cp-ta\n Xs‚ DΩ-Øn¬\n∂v Ah-km-\-ImeØv hcm\p

≈ Hcp alvZn-sb-∏‰n ]h-Nn-®n- p-s≠∂v samØ-Øn¬ \mwhniz-

kn-®p-sIm-≠m¬ aXn. AXn-emWv \ΩpsS \∑; AXmWv \ap°v

kpc-£n-X-amb am¿§w. AY-hm, alvZn, lZvdØv mØn-a-bpsS

k¥m-\-ß-fn¬\n∂m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v \mw hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw HSphn

¬ At±lw lZvdØv A∫m-kns‚ k¥m-\-ß-fn¬\n∂v hcn-I

bpw sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ \ΩpsS ap≥hn-izmkw \ap°v hen-

sbmcp am¿§-X-S- -am-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw X∂n-anØw alvZnsb kzoI-

cn-°m≥ Ign-bm-sX-bm-hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv. AXp-t]m-se-Ø-

s∂, alvZn, lZvdØv A∫m-kns‚ k¥m-\-ß-fn¬\n∂m-bn-cp-

°p-sa∂v \mw hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw At±lw lZvdØv mØn-a-bp

sS k¥m-\-ß-fn¬\nt∂m lZvdØv Da-dns‚ k¥m-\-ß-fn¬\n

t∂m hcp-Ibpw sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶nepw At±-lsØ kzoI-cn°m

≥ \ap°v km[n-°m-Xm-tb-°pw. AXn-\m¬, Npcp-ßn-b-]£w


\ΩpsS hnizm-k-Øn\v c£-bm-bn-cn-°m≥ th≠n-sb-¶n-epw, alv

Znsb Hcp ]tXyI hwi-hp-ambn _‘n-∏n-°msX lZvdØv apl

ΩZv- \-_n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬\n∂v, Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS A\p-bm-bnbpw

Zmk-\p-amb Hcm-fm-bn-cp°pw At±-l-sa∂v amXw \mw hniznkn-

t°-≠-Xm-Wv. Aßs\ hniz-kn-®m¬ \ap°v B]-sØm∂pwt\

cn-Sm-\n-√. \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n bYm¿∞-Øn¬ alvZnsb GsX-¶nepw

hwi-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-s≠-¶n¬Øs∂bpw \ap-°-

sXmcp XS- -am-hp-I-bn√. Fs¥-∂m¬, GsXmcp hn`m-K-Øn¬

\n∂p At±lw hcp-∂-Xm-bmepw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS DΩ-Øn

¬\n∂p Xs∂-bm-bn-cn-°p-a-t√m. Hcp kwKXn IqSn \mw Hm¿Ωn

t°-≠-Xp-≠v. alvZn-bpsSbpw At±-l-Øns‚ ]nXm-hn-s‚bpw

\ma-ß-sf-°p-dn®v A`n-]m-b-hy-Xym-k-ap-s≠-¶nepw ]_-e-amb

A`n-]mbw alvZn-bpsS t]¿ apl-Ω-sZ∂pw At±-l-Øs‚ ]nXr-

\maw A_vZp-√mlv F∂pw Bbn-cn-°p-sa-∂-Xm-Wv. Cu A`n]m-

b-Øn\v A\p-Iq-e-ambn ImW-s∏-Sp∂ cnhm-b-Øp-Iƒ tIhew

Bt£-]-c-ln-X-a-s√-¶n¬Iq-Snbpw kn≤m-¥-]-c-ambn IqSp-X¬

I\-ap-≈-Xm-Wv. AXn-\m¬, AXn\v \mw ap≥K-W\ \evIp-∂Xv

\ymbw amX-am-bn-cn-°pw. F∂m¬, Cu ÿnXn-bnepw lZvdØv

AlvaZns‚ hmZw Bt£-]m¿l-am-hp-I-bn-√. Imc-Ww,- \-_nXn-

cp-ta\n Ah-km-\-Im-eØv as‰mcp Iq´¿°pIqSn B≤ym-fln-tIm-

≤m-cWw \evIp-sa∂p kqdx-Pp-ap-A-bnse h BJco\ an≥lpw

(Ah-cn¬\n∂p≈ as‰mcp Iq´cnepw) F∂ hN-\-Øn¬\n∂v

a\- n-em-Ip-∂p-≠v. AXns‚ Dt±iyw Ah-km-\-Im-eØv Xncp-ta-

\n-bpsS Hcp ]cn-]q¿Æ ]Xn-cq]w P∑-sa-Sp-°p-sa∂pw Xncp-ta-

\n-bpsS amXr-I-bn¬ Hcp Iq´¿°v in£Ww \evIp-sa-∂p-am-Wv.

AXn-\m¬, Rßƒ ]d-bp-∂Xv alvZn-bpsS t]¿ apl-Ω-sZ∂pw

At±-l-Øns‚ ]nXm-hns‚ t]¿ A_vZp-√m-sb∂pw B-bn-cn-°p-

sa∂v \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n ]d-™-Xns‚ A¿∞w, alvZn Hcp kzX¥

hy‡n-bm-bn-cn-°-bn-s√∂pw adn®v kqdx-Pp-ap-A-bn¬ ]h-Nn®hn[w

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS Hcp ]cn-]q¿Æ ]Xn-cq-]-am-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂pam

Wv. alvZn-bpsS t]cns\ kw_-‘n®v "apl-Ω-Zp_v\p A_vZn-√m

lv' F∂v D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏- XpsIm≠v \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n Dt±-in-®Xv

alvZn-bpsS ta¬hn-emkw ]d-™p-sIm-Sp-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂n-√. t\sc

adn®v alvZn Xs‚ ]Xn-cq-]-am-sW∂pw alvZn-bpsS BK-a\wXs‚

BK-a-\w-t]m-se-bm-sW∂pw shfn-s-∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. \_n-


Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS B ]Z-]-tbmKwXs∂ CXv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p-ap≠v.

Fs¥∂m¬ lZo-Yn¬, ]d-™n- p-≈Xv alvZn-bpsS t]¿ apl-Ω-

Zp-_v\p-A-_vZn-√mlv F∂m-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂-√, ]XypX

mç]›òo]‰Ûäü]‰Ûoæ]‰Ü]enä]‰Ü]eoalvZn-bpsS t]¿ Fs‚ t]cn\pw At±-l-Øns‚ ]nXmhn

s‚ t]¿ Fs‚ ]nXm-hns‚ t]cn\pw tbmPy-am-bn-cn°pw F∂m

Ip-∂p (an-ivIm-Øv).

Cu hmN-I-Øns‚ coXn-Xs∂ Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS Dt±iyw F

¥m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p-≠v.

\mw Hm¿Ωn-t°≠ as‰mcp kwK-Xn-Iq-Sn-bp-≠v˛ alv-Zn-bpsS

hwisØ kw_-‘n-®p≈ ]kvXm-h-\-I-fn¬ IqSpX¬ icn-bm-

bn- p-≈Xv At±lw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS "Alvep_bv-Øn'¬\n

∂p≈ Hcm-fm-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂-Xm-Wv. AXn-s\-Xn-cn¬ a‰p≈ ]kv

Xm-h-\-I-sf√mw _ew Ipd-™-h-bm-Ip-∂p. IqSmsX alvZn Alv

ep-_bv-Øn¬\n∂p≈ Hcm-fm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂ ]kvXm-h\ kzoI-

cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Hcp tZmjhpw hcm-\n-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ h

BJ-co\ an≥lpw F∂p≈ hN-\-an-d-ßn-b-t∏mƒ kzlm-_-

Øns‚ tNmZy-Øn-\p-Ø-c-ambn \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n, k¬am-\p¬^m-

cn-kn-bpsS Npaen¬ ssIsh®p sIm≠v, kXy-hn-izmkw temI-

Øp-\n∂v Ypdøm \£-X-Øn-te°v Db¿∂pt]mbmepw Cu

^mcn-kn-I-fpsS Iq´-Øn¬\n∂v Hcmƒ AXns\ aS-°n-s°m≠p

hcp-∂-Xm-sW∂v ]d-™-Xmbn \mw I≠p Ign-™n-cn-°p-∂p(_p-

Jm-cn). AXns‚ kmcw alvZn k¬am-\p¬ ^mcn-kn-bpsS hwi-

Øn¬\n∂p≈ Hcm-fm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂mWv ÿm]n-®-sX-∂m-Ip∂p.

as‰mcp `mKØv AtX k¬am-\p¬ ^mcn-kn-sb-∏‰n k¬am-\p-

Ωn∂ Alvep¬ _bvØv k¬am≥ \Ωn¬\n -∂p≈

Alvep_bvØm-sW∂v Alvkm_v bp≤-Øns‚ kµ¿ -Øn¬

\_n(k) Xncp-ta\n ]d-™-Xmbn \mw ImWp∂p. (X_vcn).

AXn-\m¬, alvZnsb kw_-‘n®v Alvep_bvØv F∂ ]Z-ap-

]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p-≈Xv lZvdØv AlvaZns‚ hmZ-Øn\v FXn-cm-hp-

I-bn√; t\sc-a-dn-®p, klm-b-I-am-hp-I-tb-bp-≈q. CXv ad-°m≥

]mSn-√mØ ][m-\-s∏´ Hcp kwK-Xn-bmWv. Aß-s\, hmKvZm\w

sNø-s∏´ alvZn lZoYn¬ ]d-™-Xp-t]mse ^mcnkn hwi-


°m-c\pw km[m-cW ]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ ImWn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse

Alvep_bvØp-Im-c-\p-am-bn.

"IqSmsX At±lw Ft∂m-sSm-∂n®v Fs‚ I_-dn¬ AS-

°-s∏-Sp-∂-XmWv' F∂v akolv auDu-Zns\ kw_-‘n®v \_n-

Xn-cp-ta\n ]d-™-Xmbn \mw ImWp-∂p. Cu hN\w sXfn-bn-

°p-∂Xpw B≤ym-fln-I-amb AtX sFIysØØ-s∂-bm-Wv.

Aß-s\-b-s√-¶n¬, \Du-Zp-_n-√m, \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS I_v¿

GsX-¶n-ep-samcp Znhkw Xpd-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂pw AXn-\-IØv alvZo-

a-kolv AS-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂pw k¶ev]n-°p-∂Xv FX Akw-_-

‘hpw A`n-am-\-lo-\-hp-am-bn-cn°pw! A¬]-sa-¶nepw A`n-am-\-

ap≈ Hcp bYm¿∞ apk¬am\p Hcp s\mSn-bnS t\c-tØ°p

t]mepw AØ-c-samcp hnNmcw Dƒs°m-≈m≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√.

kXy-an-XmWv: alvZn Xs‚ ]cn-]q¿Æ ]Xn-cq-]-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw

alvZn-bpsS Bhn¿`mhw Xs‚-Xs∂ Bhn¿`m-h-am-bn-cn-°p-sa-

∂p-ap≈ Imcy-amWv \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS ]kvXpX hN-\-ß-

fn-se√mw kqNn-X-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

Cu ]mcw` ]kvXm-h-\-bv°p-ti-jw, alvZnbpw akolpw

hyXykvX hy‡n-I-sf-√∂pw ]Xyp-X, Htc hy‡n-bpsS c≠v

hn`n∂ \nesb Bkv]-Zn-®p≈ c≠v \ma-ß-fm-sW∂pw A√m

lp-hns‚ Ir]-sIm≠v Rßƒ sXfn-bn-°mw. akolpw alvZnbpw

Hcm-fm-sW∂p ImWn-°p∂ H∂m-asØ tcJ alvZn-sb∂ ]Z

Øns‚ A¿∞-am-Wv˛ alvZn-sb∂ ]Zw \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n Hcp ]

tXyI \ma-am-bn- -√, Hcp KpW-\m-a-am-bn- mWv D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p≈-

Xv. alvZn F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ A¿∞w t\¿hgn ]m]n-®-h≥ F∂m-

Ip∂p. hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ alvZnsb°pdn-®-√m-sXbpw \_n-

Xn-cp-ta\n Cu ]Zw ]tbm-Kn-®n-´p-≈-Xmbn lZo-Yn¬ ImWp∂p-

≠v. DZml-c-W-ambn Xs‚ Jeo-^-amsc kw_-‘n®v \_n-Xn-

cp-ta\n E]eç]¨D ]Öí×Ë^ð]Ö†]‚æá]ÖÛã‚mùnà alvZn-I-fmb Jeo-^-am¿

F∂v ]d-™n-´p-≠v (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv, Xn¿an-Zn). \_n Xncp-ta-\n-

bpsS Jeo- -am-sc√mw alvZn-I-fm-sW∂pw CXn¬\n ∂p hy‡-

am-Ip-∂p-≠v. hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ ako-lm-sW-¶n¬, \_n Xncp-

ta-\n-bpsS Jeo- -am-cn¬ khn-tij ÿm\-a-e-¶-cn-°p∂ Bfm-

Wv. AXn-\m¬, At±lw F√m-h-cnepw henb alvZn-bm-Ip-∂p.

F√m-h-cnepw henb alvZn-bm-b-Xp-sIm≠vv hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´


alvZnsb∂Xv Xo¿®-bm-Wv. AXp-sIm-≠v a‰p Jeo -amcpw alvZn-

bm-sW-¶nepw Ah-cn¬ ]tXy-I-ambn hmKvZm\wsN ø-s∏´

Bƒ akolpw IqSn-bm-sW∂v hy‡-am-Ip-∂p.

\_n-Xn-cp-ta\n C]-Imcw ]d-bm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v lZoYn

¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p:

EÒßˆÙ]ÖÃÛ^ÙD ÒnÌiã×Ô]Úùè]Þ^]æùÖã^æÂnŠo]eàÚ†mÜ!ì†â^Rm≥ Bcw- -Ønepw Cuk-_v\p-a¿bw Ah-km-\-Ønepw

D≠m-bn-cn-°p∂ Hcp P\w Fßs\ \mi-a-S-bm-\mWv? ho≠pw

\_n-Xn-cp-ta\n ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p:

ìn†âF„å]ŸÚùè]æùÖã^æ!ì†â^]æùÖã^ÊnãÜ…‰çÙ]Ö×ùä

æ!ì†â^ÊnãÜÂnŠo]eàÚ†mÜæenàƒ]Öþ³þ³þ³ÔÊns

EÒßˆÙ]ÖÃÛ^ÙD ]ÂçtÖnŠç]ÚßùoæÖŠþ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³kÚßãÜCu P\-X-bn¬ \√-h¿ BZy-Im-eØpw Ah-km-\-Im-e

Øpw D≈-h-cm-Wv. BZy-Im-esØ P\-ß-fn¬ A√m-lp-hns‚dkq

¬ Xs∂-bp-≠m-bn-cn°pw; Ah-km-\-Im-esØ P\-ß-fn¬ Cuk-

_v\p-a¿b-apw. AXn-\n-S-bn-ep-≈-h¿ hI-X-bp-≈-h-cm-bn-cn-°pw.

Rm≥ Ah-cn¬ \n∂p-≈-ht\m Ah¿ F∂n¬ \n∂p-≈-htcm

Bbn-cn-°p-I-bn-√. (I≥kp¬ DΩm¬, Pn¬Zv 7, `mKw 2002).

Ah-km-\-Im-eØv hcp-sa∂v hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏- n- p≈ alv

Zn, ako-ln¬\n∂v hyXy-kvX-\mb Hcm-fm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ c≠m-

sf-∏-‰nbpw Ah¿ Ah-km-\-Im-eØv h∂v Xs‚ DΩ-Øns‚

t\XrXzw hln-°p-sa∂v \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m

¬, Aßs\ sNømsX ako-lns‚ t]¿ amXw ]d-bp-I-bmWv

sNbvX-Xv. ako-lpw alvZnbpw Htc Bfm-sW∂v CXn¬\n∂v

kv]„-am-Ip-∂p. AXp-sIm≠mWv ako-lns‚ t]¿ amXw ]d

™p \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n aXn-bm-°n-b-Xv. CXp \√-Xp-t]mse Btem-

Nn-t°≠ Hcp Imcy-am-Wv. alvZn, Cam-am-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw akolv

aAvaqam-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-sa∂v ]d-b-s∏- n-cn-°p∂ ÿnXn°v

DΩ-Øns‚ ]cn-]m-e-\-sØ-°p-dn®v ]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-SØv \_n-Xn-

cp-ta\n aAvaqans‚ t]¿ amXw ]d-™p-sIm≠p Cam-ans\ Dt]-


£n®p If-™Xv B›-cy-I-c-a-√tbm? ho≠pw t\m°p-I, as‰mcp

lZo-Yn¬ c≠p Iq´¿ amX-am-Wv.* k∑m¿Kw ]m]n-®-hcpw \√h-

cp-sa∂v \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p˛ Hcp Iq´¿\-_n-Xn-cp-

ta-\n-bn¬\n∂p t\cn´p ⁄m\w t\S-nb-hcpw as‰mcpIq´¿ ako

lv auDu-Zns‚ A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw. F∂m¬, alvZn-bpsS A\p-bm-

bn-I-sf-∏‰n kqNn-∏n-°p-I-t]mepw sNøp-∂n-√. adn®v B c≠pIq

´¿°pw CS-bn-ep-≈-h¿ hI-X-bp-≈-hcpw hgn-]n-g-®-hcp-am-bn-cn

°psa∂p ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. alvZn, ako-ln¬\n∂v

hyXykvX\mb Hcp hy‡n-b-s√∂pw c≠v Ah-ÿ-Isf ap≥

\ndpØn c≠v \ma-ßƒ \evI-s∏´ Htc Bfm-sW∂pw CXpsIm

≠v ÿm]n-X-am-Ip-∂p.

t]msc-¶n¬ lZo-Yn¬ akolv auDu-Zn\p Fs¥mcp I¿Ø

hyw \v›bn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂pthm an°-hmdpw AtX I¿Øhyw

Xs∂-bmWv alvZn°pw \v›bn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. akolpw alv

Znbpw Hcm-fm-sW-∂-Xn\v CXpw Hcp sXfn-hm-Ip-∂p. IqSm-sX,

hcm\ncn-°p∂ ako-ln-s‚bpw alvZn-bp-sSbpw cq]m-Ir-Xnbpw

lZoYn¬ hnh-cn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂Xp H∂pXs∂-bmWv (ap-kv\Zv

AlvaZv). At∏mƒ Ah¿ c≠p hyXykvX hy‡n-I-fm-Ip-∂sX-

ßs\? IqSmsX kXy-hm-\mb Hcp Jeo^ Pohn-®n-cn-°p-tºmƒ

as‰m-cmƒ Jnem- -Øp-hmZw ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ c≠m-

asØ Bsf sIm∂p-I-f-b-W-sa∂pw lZo-Yn¬ ]d-™n-´p≠v

AXns‚ kmcw bp≤ÿnXn-bn-em-sW-¶n¬ Abmsf FXn¿Øp

sIm√p-Ibpw A√mØ Ah-ÿ-bn-em-sW-¶n¬ acn-®-h-sc-t∏mse

IW-°m°n Abm-fp-am-bp≈ _‘w th¿s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNø

Wsa-∂mWv. Cu D]-tZ-i-Øns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬ Htc ka-bØv

c≠v Jeo-^-am-cp-≠m-Ip-sa∂p Fßs\ hniz-kn-°m≥ km[n

°pw? Ckveman-Im-≤ym-]-\-a-\p-k-cn®v Hcp ka-bØv Hcp Camw

* Cu c≠p-Iq-´-cmWv hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\nse kqdx-Pp-ap-A-bnepw kqNn-∏n-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. A√mlp ]d-bp-∂Xv ImWpI: ""A√m-lp-hmWv A£-c-⁄m-\-an-√mØ Ad-_n-I-fpsS CS-bn¬ Ah-cn¬\n∂pXs∂-bp≈ Hcp dkq-en-s\-F-gp-t∂-ev]n-®-Xv. B ZqX≥ Ah¿°v A√m-lp-hns‚ hN-\-ßƒ HmXn-t°ƒ∏n-°p-Ibpw Ahsc ip≤o-I-cn-°p-Ibpw KŸhpw XØz-im-kvXhpw]Tn-∏n-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. AXn\p aptº Ah¿ ]Xy-£-amb hgn-tI-Sn-em-bn-cp-∂p. (A-Xp-t]m-se-Xs∂) Ah-tcmSv tN¿∂n- n-√mØ HSp-hn-esØP\-ß-fn¬\n∂pw B dkq-ens\ (Hcp ]Xn-]p-cp-js‚ cq]-Øn¬) Fgp-t∂-ev]n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv'' (62:3,4).

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 89amXta D≠m--hm≥ ]mSp-≈q. akolpw alvZnbpw c≠v hyXykvX

hyIvXn-I-f-s√∂pw t\sc-a-dn-®v, Ah-km-\-Im-eØv \_n-Xn-cpta-

\nbpsS Jeo-^-bmbncn°p∂ Htc hy‡n-bpsS c≠v t]cpIfm-

Wh F∂pw D≈-Xn-te°v CXpw Hcp sXfn-hm-Wv.

CXp-h-scbpw \mw sXfn-hmbn kzoI-cn-®Xp \nK-a-\-]-[m\-

ß-fmb tcJ-I-fm-Wv. C\n akolpw alvZnbpw Hcm-fm-sW∂p

\_n-Xn-cp-ta\n kv]jvS-ambn ]d-bp∂ Hcp lZoYv hmb-\-°mcp

sS apºn¬ sh°mw. \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n ]d-bp-I-bmWv:

hmKvZØ alvZn Cukm-b-√msX a‰m-cp-a-√.

FX hy‡hpw kv]„-hp-amb hm°p-Iƒ sIm≠mWv \_n-

Xn-cp-ta\n akolpw alvZnbpw c≠v hy‡n-I-f-s√∂pw hmKvZm\w

sNø-s∏´ akolv Xs∂-bmWv hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ alvZn-sb

∂pw hn[n I¬]n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv? \_n Xncp-ta-\n-bn¬ hnizm-k

ap-≈-h¿°m¿°pw Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS Cu hm°p-I-fpsS apºn¬ X

e Ip\n-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√. ]t£, lrZ-b-Øn¬

hIX-bp-≈-h¿ Bbn-c-am-bncw FXn¿\ym-b-ßƒ D∂-bn-°pw.

AØc-°m-tcmSv Rßƒs°m∂pw ]d-bm-\n-√. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-

bpsS hn[n°v Xe-Nm-bv°p-∂Xv tam£-am-sW∂ ]mTw B≤ym-

flnI hnZym-e-b-Øn¬\n∂v ]Tn-®n-´p≈ Bfp-Isf amX-amWv

Rßƒ A`nkwt_m-[\ sNøp-∂-Xv.

C\nbpw, akolv auDuZv Camw alvZn-bm-sW∂v hy‡-am

bn ImWn-°p∂ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS as‰mcp lZoYv IqSn-bp≠v.

Xncp-ta\n ]d-bp-I-bmWv:

mçÔÚàÂ^ÊnÓÜ]ámù×ÏFoÂnŠo]eàÚ†mÜ]Ú^Ú÷Úùã‚mù÷

EÚŠß‚]uÛ‚D !!!!!!! æuÓÛ÷^Â‚Ÿ÷ÊnÓŠ†]Ö’×ngæmÏjØ]Öíßˆm†

E‘vnxÚŠ×ÜD Önj†Òàù]ÖÏ¡”Ê¡mŠÃFoÂ×nã^\nß-fn¬ GsXm-cp-h≥ Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂pthm Ah≥ Cuk-

_v\p-a¿b-ans\ ImWpw Camw -a-lvZnbpw \oXn-am\mb hn[nI


¿Øm-hpam-bn v. At±lw Ipcn-ins\ apdn-°p-Ibpw ]∂nsb sIm

√p-Ibpw sNøpw........

t\m°p-I. FX kv]jvS-amb \ne-bn-emWv Cukm-\_n

Xs∂-bmWv Camw-a-lvZnsb∂v \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n Cu lZo-Yn¬

]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv! F∂m¬, A¬`pXw! \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS

]t_m-[-\-Øn¬ hniz-kn-®-Xn-\m¬ C∂v Rßsf Im^n-sd

∂pw ap¿Ø-s±∂pw Ah¿ hnfn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂p! AtX ka

bw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS A[ym-]-\-ßsf Iod-°-S-em v t]mse

Ah¿ Ah-K-Wn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p! IjvSw!

akolpw alvZnbpw Hcm-fm-sW∂v ta¬Im-Wn® tcJIƒ

sIm≠p kqcy-]-Imiw t]mse sXfn-bp-∂p-≠v. Ah¿ hyXykvX

hy‡n-I-f-s√∂v kwi-b-Øn-\n-S-bn-√m-Ø-hn[w hy‡-ambn \_n-

Xn-cp-ta\n ]d-™n-cn-s°, Ah¿ hyXykvX hy‡n-I-fm-sW∂v

apkvenwIƒ hniz-kn-°m≥ Imc-W-sa-s¥∂v tNmZn-°mw. AXn-

\p≈ kam-[m-\-an-XmWv: Cukm-\_n Poh-t\mSpIqSn BIm-i-

Øn-te°v Db¿Ø-s∏-´n-cn-°-bm-sW∂pw At±lw Ah-km-\-

Im-eØv `qan-bn-te°v Cd-ßn-h-cp-sa-∂p-ap-f--fXv apkvenwIfpsS

s]mXp-hn-izm-k-am-bn-Øo¿∂p. AtX ka-bØv alvZnsb kw_-

‘n® Ah-cpsS GI-I-WvT-amb hnizmkw At±lw apkvenw

kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ \n∂p-X-s∂-bp≈ Hcm-fm-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂m-Wv. AXn-

\m¬, Cukm-\_n BIm-iØp \n∂v Cdßn hcp-sa∂ sX‰mb

hnizm-k-Øn¬ apkvenwIƒ \nev°p-∂n-S-tØmfw akolpw alv

Znbpw Hcm-fm-sW∂v kΩ-Xn-°m≥ Ah¿°v km[n-°p-I-bn-√.

Cukm-\-_nsb kw_-‘n®p≈ sX‰mb hnizmkw Ah¿ ssI

søm-gn-°p-Ibpw At±lw acn®p t]msb∂v kΩ-Xn-°p-IbpwsN

øp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ akolpw alvZnbpw Hcm-

fm-sW∂v hniz-kn-°pI Ah¿°v Ffp-∏-am-bn-cn-°pw. F∂m¬,

`qan-bn¬\n∂v P\n-°p∂ Bfpw BIm-i-Øp-\n∂v Cd-ßn-h-cp∂

Bfpw H∂m-sW∂v hniz-kn-°pI km[y-a-√. Hcmƒ°v c≠v hy

XykvX t]cp-Iƒ \evIm≥ Imc-W-sa-s¥∂v aptº hnh-cn®pIgn-

™n-cn-°-bm¬ ChnsS AXv Bh¿Øn-t°-≠-Xn-√. Npcp-°-Øn

¬, hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ Bƒ hnhn-t[m-t±-iy-tØmSp IqSn-bmWv htc-

≠-Xv. B Dt±-iy-ß-fn¬ ][m-\-s∏- Xv c≠m-Ip-∂p˛ Ipcn-ins‚

Jfi-\hpw apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ D≤m-c-W-hpw. AXn-\m¬


Ipcn-ins\ apdn-°p∂ Bƒ F∂ \nebn¬ At±lØn\p Cu

km -a-ko-sl∂pw apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ D≤m-c-I≥ F∂\ne-

bn¬ alvZn F∂pw t]¿ \¬I-s∏-´p.

akolv Cd-ßp-∂-Xn\p aptº alvZn temIØv Bhn¿`-hn-

°p-sa∂pw alvZn, Camapw akolv aAv-aqapw BIp-sa∂pw a‰pw

lZoYn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v akolpw alvZnbpw c≠v

hyXykvX hy‡n-I-fm-sW∂v hy‡-am-Ip-∂p-s≠∂v Nne¿ ]d-

bp-∂p-≠v. Ah-cpsS Cu A\p-am\w icn-b-√. Fs¥-∂m¬, ako-

lns‚ ImeØv as‰mcp alvZn-bp-≠m-hm≥ ]mSn-s√∂v i‡n-a-

Ømb tcJ-I-fm¬ ÿm]n-X-am-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ ta¬]-d™ hN-

\-ßƒ AXns‚ _mlym¿∞-Øn¬ kzoI-cn-°m≥ km[n-°p-I-

bn-√. Xo¿®-bmbpw a‰p hy‡-amb lZo-Yp-Iƒ°p hncp-≤-a-√mØ

Hc¿∞w AXn\p \evtI-≠n hcpw. Cu bmYm¿∞yw ap≥\n-dp

Øn t\m°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ hnj-a-sam-∂p-ap-≠m-hp-I-bn-√. Fs¥-

∂m¬, hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ Bƒ alvZn-sb∂ ]Z-hn-bn¬ \_n-

Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS kZr-i\pw ]Xn-cq-]-hp-am-Wv. B ÿnXnbv°v

At±-l-Øns‚ alvZ-hn-ø-Øns‚ KpWw ako-ln-ø-Øns‚ KpW-

tØ-°mƒ anI-®-Xm-sW∂v kwi-bn-°m-s\-¥p≠v? Cu \ne-

]m-Sn-s\-bmWv Be-¶m-cn-I-ambn alvZn, Camapw akolv aAvaqapw

Bbn-cn-°p-sa∂ hN-\-Øn¬ ]Im-in-∏n-®n-´p-≈-Xv. H∂p-IqSn

hy‡-am-°n-∏-d-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ BfpsS

alvZ-hn-ø-Øns‚ ]Zhn ako-ln-ø-Øns‚ ]Z-hn-bpsS ap∂n-em-

bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw At±-l-Øns‚ ako-ln-ø-Øp-KpWw alvZ-hn-ø

Øp KpWsØ A\p-K-an-°p-sa∂pw kmcw. alvZn BZyw hcpsa

∂p ]d-™-Xns‚ Dt±iyw hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ ]cn-jvI¿Ømhv

alvZn-sb∂ ]Z-hn-bn¬ BZyw shfn-s∏-Sp-sa∂pw ako-ln-øØp

hmZw ]n∂oSp ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-sa-∂p-am-Wv. AX-\p-k-cn®v lZvdØv

AlvaZv(A) BZyw ]Xn-\memw \q‰m-≠nse apP-±n-Zm-sW∂

hmZw amXw ˛ AXmWv alvZ-hn-ø-Øns‚ ÿm\w ˛ ]pd-s∏-Sp-

hn-°m\pw Ahns-S∂v FXtbm sIm√-ßƒ Ign-™-Xn-\p-tijw

akolv auDuZv F∂ hmZw sNøp-hm\pw A√mlp CS-bm-°n.

kXym-t\z-j-I¿°v CXv Kln-°m-hp-∂-tX-bp-≈q.

ta¬]-d™ hnh-c-W-Øn¬\n∂v Xmsg ]d-bp∂ kwK-Xn-

Iƒ sXfn-bp-∂p. H∂m-a-Xv, alvZnsb kw_-‘n-®p≈ ]c-kv]c


hncp-≤-ß-fmb ]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ tZymXn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv, H∂p-In¬

\_n-Xn-cp-ta\n ]e alvZn-Isf kw_-‘n®v ]h-N\w sNøp-I

bpw \n¿`mKyØn¬ AsX√mw Hcm-sf-∏-‰n-bm-sW∂v sX‰n-≤-

cn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p-sh-t∂m, As√-¶n¬ CXp kw

_-‘n-®p≈ lZo-Yp-I-fn¬ NneXv sX‰pw \n¿Ωn-X-ßfpw BsW

t∂m BWv. hmkvX-h-Øn¬, \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n ]e alvZn-I-sf-

°p-dn®pw ]h-Nn-®n-´p-s≠∂pw alvZnsb kw_-‘n-®p≈ Nne

lZo-Yp-Iƒ \n¿Ωn-X-ß-fm-sW-∂p-≈Xpw icn-bm-Wv. c≠m-a-Xv,

akolv auDuZns‚ ImeØv thsdmcp alvZn D≠m-hp-I-bn-s√

∂pw ako-ln-s\bpw alvZn-sbbpw kw_-‘n® hmKvZm-\w Htc

hy‡n-bpsS Bhn¿`m-h-Øn¬ ]q¿Øn-bm-Ip-sa∂pw ÿm]n-X-

am-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

C\n alvZnsb kw_-‘n®v ]cn-l-cn-°-s∏-tS≠ kwibw

H∂p amX-ta-bp-≈q AXn\p ]Xn-]m-Zy-]-iv\-hp-ambn _‘-an-

s√-¶nepw alvZn -akolns\ Xncn-®-dn-bp∂ am¿§-Øn¬ AXv

hen-sbmcp ]Xn-_-‘-am-Wv. AXv AI-‰n-°-gn-™m¬ ]ns∂

alvZnsb kw_-‘n®p Hcp kwi-bhpw _m°n-bp-≠m-hp-I-bn√.

AXn-\m¬, alvZn-sb-∏-‰n-bp≈ N¿® ]q¿Øn-bm-Ip-∂-Xn\pth

≠n B kwi-b-Øn-\p≈ DØ-chpw ChnsS tN¿Øp-sIm-≈mw.

hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ alvZn hmfp-ambn h∂v Ahn-izm-kn-I-sfsb

√mw sIms∂m-Sp-°p-tam, AtXm kam-[m-\-tØmSp IqSn shfns∏

v bp‡n-hm-Z-am-Ip∂ hmfm¬ Ckvemans\ hnP-bn-∏n-°ptamF∂-

XmWv B kwi-bw. alvZn F√m Ahn-izm-kn-I-fp-ambn ]S-sh

´p-sa∂pw At±lw "Pnkvb' kzoI-cn-°p-I-bn-s√∂pw Ahn-izm-

kn-Iƒ°v H∂p-In¬ Ckvemw aXw kzoI-cn-°p-Itbm As√-¶n

¬ hmfn-∂n-c-bm-hp-Itbm sNtø≠n hcp-sa-∂p-amWv Cu Ime

sØ apkvenwIƒ s]mXp-hn¬ hniz-kn®p hcp-∂Xv. F∂m¬,

Rß-fpsS A`n-]m-b-Øn¬ Cu hnizmkw sX‰m-sW∂p amX-

a-√, Ckveman\v Zpjv°o¿Ønbp≠m°p-∂Xv IqSn-bm-Wv.

alvZn hmsf-SpØp bp≤w sNøn-√

CXp kw_-‘n®v icn-bm-sbm-cp Xocp-am-\-Øn-se-Øp-∂Xn-

\p-th≠n \mw hnip≤Jp¿-B-\n-te°v t\m°p-Ibpw hnizmkIm

cy-Øn¬ Bbp[w ]tbm-Kn-°m≥ AXv A\p-hmZw Xcp-∂pt≠m?


CkvemanIm≤ym]-\-a-\p-k-cn®v P\-ßsf \n¿_-‘n®v Ckvemw

aXw hniz-kn-∏n-°p-∂Xv icn-bmtWm? F∂v ]cn-tim-[n-°p-Ibpw

sNtø-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. P\-ßsf \n¿_-‘-]q¿∆w Ckveman¬

]th-in-∏n-°p-∂Xv A\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-sW-¶n¬ amXta alvZn, Ckv

emwaX-]-Nm-c-W-Øn\pth≠n hmsf-Sp-°p-sa∂ ImcysØ Ipdn

®v \mw Nn¥n-t°-≠-Xp-≈q. t\sc adn-®v, hnizmk Imcy-Øn¬

\n¿_‘w ]mSn-s√∂pw Bbp-[-ap-]-tbm-Kn®p P\-ßsf Ckvem

an¬ ]th-in-∏n-°p-∂Xv A\p-h-Z-\o-b-a-s√-∂p-amWv Ckvemw

]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ AtXm-Sp-IqSn _ew ]tbm-Kn®v aXw ]N

cn-∏n-°p∂ alvZn-bpsS ]iv\w Ah-km-\n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. hnizmk

Imcy--Øn¬ \n¿_‘w A\p-h-Z-\o-b-a-s√-¶n¬, P\-ßsf \n¿_-

‘n®v Ckveman¬ ]th-in-∏n-°p∂ Hcp ]cn-jv°¿Ømhv hcp-

∂Xp Fßs\ km[y-amhpw? C\n \ap°v hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\nte

°v H∂p FØn-t\m°mw. Jp¿B≥ ]d-bp∂p:

aX-Øn¬ Hcp hn[-Øn-ep≈ _e-]-tbm-K-hp-an-√. Xo¿

®bmbpw k∑m¿Kw Zp¿am¿§-Øn¬\n∂pw hyXn-cn-‡-am-bn-

cn°p-∂p.

aX-Im-cy-Øn¬ \n¿_‘w A\p-h-Z-\o-b-a-s√∂v Cu hmIy

Øn¬ A√mlp kv]jvS-ambn hn[n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. hnip≤ Jp¿B≥,

hmZ-ß-tfm-sSm∏w Xs∂ tcJ-Ifpw D∂-bn-°pI ]Xn-hm-Wv.

AXp-sIm-≠v, \n¿_‘w A\p-h-Z-\o-b-a√ F∂p ]d-™-tXm-

Sp-IqSn AXn\v Imc-W-ambn kXy-am¿§w Zp¿am¿§-Øn¬\n∂pw

hyXn-c-‡-am-sW-∂pw, im¥-ambn Btem-Nn-°p-∂p-h¿s°√mw

kXy-am¿§w Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ Ign-bp-sa∂pw ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. t\m

°p-I, hnip≤Jp¿-B≥ FX hnin-jvShpw hy‡-hp-amb tcJ-

bmWv \evIn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. A≤ym-]\w \yq\-am-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw

kz¥w ta≥a-bpsS i‡n-bm¬ P\-lr-Z-b-ß-fn¬ ]th-in-°m≥

Ign-bm-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂n-S-ØmWv \n¿_‘w Bh-iy-am-

bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬, hnip≤Jp¿-Bs‚ A≤ym-]-\-ß-fm-hs´

kqcy-s\-t∏mse sXfn-abpw tim -bp-ap-≈-Xm-Wv. A¬]-sa-¶nepw

Btem-Nn-°p∂ GsXmcp a\p-jy\pw kXyw a\- n-em-°m≥


Ign-bpw. AXn-\m¬, AXpw hniz-kn-∏n-°m≥ th≠n \n¿_-‘

Øns‚ am¿§w ssIs°m-≈p-∂Xp Hcp hn[-Ønepw icn-b√.

\√-Xp-t]mse Btem-Nn®p t\m°p-I, Bbp-[-_ew sIm≠p

P\-ßsf Ckveman¬ ]th-in-∏n-°p-∂-Xns‚ A¿∞w, Ckvemw

Ak-Xy-am-sW∂pw X∂-Øm≥ AXns‚ kXyw P\-ß-sf-s°m

≠v kΩ-Xn-∏n-°-Ø° tijvTX AXn-\n-s√∂pw AXn-\m-emWv

\n¿_‘w Bh-iy-am-bn-Øo¿∂-sX∂pw \mw ]c-ky-ambn kΩ

Xn-°p-∂p-sh-∂t√?

as‰mcp ImcywIqSn \mw t\mt°-≠-Xp-≠v \n¿_-‘-Øns‚

]cn[n a\p-jys‚ ico-c-tØm-f-am-Wv. AXm-b-Xv, \n¿_‘w

hgn a\p-jys‚ Bflm-hn-s\bpw Nn¥-I-sfbpw kzm[o-\n-°m≥

Ign-bp-I-bn-√. aX-am-I-s´, ][m-\-ambpw lrZ-b-hp-ambn _‘s∏-

´-Xm-Wv. I¿Ω-ßfpw AXn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-sa-∂Xv t\cp-X-s∂. ]

t£, I¿Ωw Bfl-tam-£-Øn-\p-X-Ip∂ Ia-am-I-W-sa-¶n¬ AXv

lrZ-b-Øns‚ ]tNm-Z-\-Øm¬ A\p-jvTn-°p-∂-h-bm-bn-cn-°-Ww.

Aß-s\-b-√m-sX, _mly-amb h√ t]c-W-sIm-≠p-≠m-hp-Ibpw

lrZbw AXn-t\mSv tbmPn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I-bm-sW¶n

¬, AXv aX-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-I-bn-s√∂p amX-a-√, aX-hp-ambn

AXn\p bmsXmcp _‘-ap-≠m-hp-∂-Xp-a-√. DZm-l-c-W-am-bn, A

√m-lp-hns‚ apºn¬ kpPqZv sNøp-∂Xv ]cn-ip-≤-am-sbmcp I¿Ω-

am-Wv. F∂m¬, Hcmƒ \nc-Øn-t∑¬ \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cnt° Imen-

Sdn apJw IpØn-ho-gp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ ImgvN-bn¬ Abm-fpsS InS

∏p kpPqZv sNøp∂ Hcm-fp-tS-Xp-t]m-se-bn-cn-°pw. ]t£, aX-]-

c-amb ho£-W-Øn¬ Abmƒ ssZh-Øns‚ apºn¬ kpPqZvsN

øp-∂-Xmbn IW-°m-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. Imc-Ww, ]kvXpX I¿Ω-

tØm-Sp-IqSn lrZ-b-Øns‚ t]c-Wbpw Dt±-iyhpw tN¿∂n-´n-

√. B Ahÿ as‰mcp Imc-W-Øm-ep-≠m-b-Xm-Wv. lrZ-b-Øn

s‚ t]cWsIm≠v. Dt±-iy-tØm-Sp-IqSn sNøp∂ I¿Ω-ßƒam

Xta aX-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-I-bp-≈q. C∂-a¬ AAv-am-ep- _n-∂n-

ømXv˛a-t\m-\n-›-b-tØm-Sp-IqSn sNøp∂ ]hr-Øn-Iƒ amX-

amWv aX-I¿Ωw F∂v \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n hn[n-°m≥ ImcWw CXm-

Ip-∂p(-_p-Jm-cn). Dt±-iyhpw at\m-\n-›-b-hp-an-s√-¶n¬ bmsXmcp

I¿Ωhpw bYm¿∞ I¿Ω-am-hp-I-bn-√. \n¿_‘w ]tbm-Kn®p

Bsc-sb-¶nepw Ckvemantem at‰-sX-¶nepw aX-Øntem ]th


in-∏n-°pI Hcp hn[-Ønepw km[y-a-s√∂v CXn¬\n∂v sXfnbp

∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬ aX-sa∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv lrZbw kXy-s∏-Sp-ØpI

bpw \mhp-sIm≠v G‰p ]d-bp-Ibpw sNøp∂ Imcy-ßƒ°m-Wv.

Ch-c≠pw \n¿_-‘-Øns‚ ^e-ambn H∏w D≠m-hp-I-bn-√.

AXn-\m¬, \n¿_‘wsIm≠v Bsc-sb-¶nepw GsX-¶nepw aX

Øn¬ ]th-in-∏n-°p-I-sb∂ Imcyw _p≤n-bn¬ AS-ßm-ØXm-

Wv. AXn-\m-em-Wv, C∂-am Aem dkq-en-\¬ _em-Kp¬ ap_o

≥˛ \ΩpsS dkq-ens‚ I¿Øhyw ktµiw hy‡-amb\nebn¬

FØn-°pI amX-am-Wv F∂v A√mlp ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXn-

\p-tijw hniz-kn-°p-∂Xpw hniz-kn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xpw P\-

ßsf kw_-‘n® Imcy-am-Wv. AXv dkq-ens\ kw_-‘n®

Imcy-a-√. At±-l-Øns‚ ]hrØn \√ \ne-bn¬ ssZh-k-tµiw

P\-ßsf Adn-bn-°p-∂-tXmsS Ah-km-\n-°p-∂p. aX-Im-cy-Øn¬

\n¿_‘w sNep-Øp-∂Xv sX‰m-sW∂v sXfn-bn-°p∂ Hcp tc

J-Iq-Sn-bp-≠v. Ckvemw I]-S-hn-izm-ksØ ITn-\-ambn shdp-°p-

Ibpw I]-S-hn-izm-kn°v Ahn-iz-mkn-I-fp-tS-Xn-t\-°mƒ Ihn™

in£ \n›-bn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂-Xm-W-Xv. hnip

≤Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂Xv t\m°pI:

I]Shnizm-kn-Iƒ Xo¿®-bmbpw \c-I-Øns‚ G‰hpw ASn-

Ø-´n-em-bn-cn-°pw (hn.-Jp. 4:146).

\n¿_-‘-Øns‚ e-ambn kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-f-√, I]-S-hnizm-

kn-I-fmWv D≠m-hp-I-sb-∂Xv ]Xy-£-am-Wv. F∂n-cn-s°, Ckv

emw \n¿_-‘-a-X-am-‰-Øn\v Fßs\ A\p-hmZw \nevIm-\mWv?

Ct∏mƒ ChnsS as‰mcp tNmZy-ap-¤-hn-°p-∂p˛ hnip≤ Jp¿

B≥ \n¿_‘w A\p-h-Zn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw Bbp-[-]-tbm-K-

Øm¬ P\-ßsf Ckveman¬ ]th-in-∏n-°p-∂Xv hy‡-ambn

\ntcm-[n-°p-Ibpw BWv sNøp-∂-sX-¶n¬ \_nXncp-ta\n F¥n-

\p-th≠n hmsf-SpØp bp≤w sNbvXp? Cu tNmZy-Øn\v DØcw

I≠p-]n-Sn-°p-∂-Xn-\m-bn, Bbp-[-sa-Sp-°m≥ apk¬am≥ am¿°v

BZy-amZyw A\p-hmZw \evInb Jp¿-B≥ hmIy-Øn-te °v Zr„n

]Xn-∏n-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. A√mlp ]d-bp-∂Xp t\m°pI:


BI-an-°-s∏-´-h¿°v Xncn®pw bp≤w sNøm≥ A\p-hmZw

\evIn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬, \n›-b-ambpw Ah¿ tZmlnX

cmWv; A√mlp Ah¿°v klmbw sNøm≥ i‡n-bp-≈-h-\sX.

A√m-lp-hmWv Rß-fpsS c£n-Xmhv F∂p ]d-™-sXm-gnsI,

a‰p ImcW-sam-∂p-an-√msX Ah¿ Ah-cpsS `h--\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v

]pd-Øm-°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p; A√mlp P\-ß-fn¬ Nnesc a‰p Nne

sc tZmln-°p-∂-Xn¬\n∂v XS-bm-Xn-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, k\ym

kn aT-ßfpw InkvXobtZhm-e-b-ßfpw PqX-∏-≈n-Ifpw A√mlp-

hns‚ \maw A[n-I-ambn kvacn-°-s∏-Sp∂ apkvenw ]≈n-Ifpw

\in-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv.

Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒs°-Xn-cmbn bp≤w sNøm≥ apkvenwIƒ°v

A\p-hmZw \evInb H∂m-asØ Jp¿-B≥ hmIy-an-Xm-Wv. Cu

hmIy-Øn¬ A√mlp FX hni-Z-am-bmWv bp≤-Im-cWw hnhcn-

®n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v t\m°p-I. AI-a-ßƒ C√m-Xmbn aX-kzmX

¥yw ÿm]n-X-am-hpI F∂-Xm-W-Xv. bp≤-Øn¬ ap≥ssI-søSp

ØXv apkvenwI-f-s√∂v CXn¬\n∂v hy‡-am-Ip-∂p. Ahn-izmkn-

Iƒ apkvenwIƒs°-Xn-cmbn hmsf-Sp-°p-Ibpw apkvenwIƒ°p

t\sc hnhn[Xc-Øn-ep≈ AI-a-ßƒ \S-Øp-Ibpw Ahsc

Ah-cpsS h-\-ß-fn¬\n∂v ]pd-Øm-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-t∏mƒ am

X-amWv Bfl-c-£bv°pth≠n hntZm-ln-I-fmb B Ahn-izm-

kn-Iƒs°-Xn-cmbn hmsf-Sp-°m≥ A√mlp Ah¿°v A\p-hmZw

\evIn-b-Xv. apkvenwIƒ \o≠ ]Xn-aq∂v sIm√-ß-tfmfw £a

ssIs°m-≈p-Ibpw F√m hn[-Øn-ep≈ tZml-ßfpw t¢iß


fpw [oc-X-tbmsS kln-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. HSp-hn¬ Ah¿ a°-

bnse Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS a¿±-\-Øn¬ \n∂v c£-In-´p-∂-Xn-\p-

th≠n a°-bn¬\n∂v aZo-\-bn-te°v A -bm¿∞n-I-fmbn t]mbn.

F∂n´pw iXp-°ƒ Ahsc tZmln-°p-∂-Xn¬\n∂v Hgn™pam

dn-bn-√. Ah¿ aZo-\sb BI-an-°m-s\m-cp-ßn. At∏m-gm-Wv, F

√m hn[-Ønepw \n¿_-‘n-X-cmbn apkvenwIƒ°v hmsf-Spt°

≠n h∂-Xv. apkvenwIƒ hmsf-Sp-ØXv P\-ßsf \n¿_-‘n®v

CkvemwaX-Øn¬ tN¿°m≥ th≠n-bm-bn-cp∂p F∂p ]d-bp-

∂Xv Hcp ]® \pW-bm-Wv. bYm¿∞-Øn¬, Ncn-X-Øn¬ XpeyX

ImWm≥ Ign-bmØ Xc-Øn-ep≈ kl-\-am-Xr-I-bmWv Ah¿

ImWn-®n-´p-≈-Xv. F∂n-cnt° Ah-cpsSta¬ \n¿_-‘-Øn-s‚

bpw AI-a-Øn-s‚bpw Ip‰w Npa-Øp-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ henb A

\ymbw as‰-¥p≠v?

XpS-°-Øn¬ AIaw XS-bp-∂-Xn\pw aX-kzm-X¥yw ÿm]n-

°p-∂-Xn\pw th≠n-bm-bn-cp∂p apkvenwIƒ Bbp-[-sa-Sp-Ø-Xv.

]n∂oSv Hcp CkvemanI cWw ÿm]n-X-am-b-t∏mƒ cm-jvSotbm-

t±-iy-Øn-\p-th-≠nbpw Nne L´ß-fn¬ Ah¿°p bp≤w sNtø

≠nh∂n-´p-≠v. F∂m¬, Hcn-°epwXs∂ Hcm-sfbpw Ah¿ \n¿

_-‘n®v Ckvemw-a-X-Øn¬ ]th-in-∏n-®n- n-√. F∂n-cn-t°, alvZn-

bpsS BK-a-t\m-t±iyw, apgp-h≥ temI-sØbpw \n¿_-‘n®v

CkvemwaX-Øn¬ ]th-in-∏n-°p-I-bm-sW∂v Icp-Xp-∂Xv B›-

cy-I-c-a-√tbm? AØ-c-samcp alvZn-bpsS BK-a\w Ckvemw aX-

Øn\v A`n-am-\-I-c-am-bn-cn-°ptam? Hcn-°-ep-an-√. Ckveman\p

A`n-am-\-I-cw, bp‡n-\ym-b-ß-fm¬ a‰p aX-ß-fpsSta¬ AXn

s‚ hnPbw ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn-em-Wv. Ckvemans‚ tijvT-XIƒ

P\ß-fpsS apºn¬ sh®psImSp-Øp-sIm-≠v, Ckvemw Hcp kPo

h a-X-am-sW∂pw `b-`-‡n-tbm-Sp-IqSn Btem-Nn-°p-∂-h¿

s°√mw kXyw Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ Ign-bp-am-dp≈ sXfn-hp-Iƒ AXn-

\p-s≠∂pw P\-ßƒ°v ImWn®p sImSp-°p-∂-Xn-em-Wv.

h∂ DS≥ Xs∂ bp≤w sNøm≥ XpS-ßp-Ibpw P\-ßsf

\n¿_-‘n®v aX-]-cn-h¿Ø\w sNøn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Hcp

alvZn CkvemanIm≤ym-]-\-Øns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬ hcpI Hcn-°

epw km[y-a-s√∂v ta¬]-d™ tcJ-I-fn¬\n∂v kqcy-]-Imiw

t]mse sXfn-bp-∂p. Btem-Nn®p t\m°p-I. alvZn Ckveman-


Im-≤ym-]-\-Øn\v hnt[-b-\m-bn-cn-°p-I-bnt√? At±-l-Øns‚

ImeØv CkvemanI \nb-a-imkvXw Zp¿∫-e-s∏-´p-t]m-Iptam?

AsXm-cn-°epw kw`-hn-°p-I-bn-√. alvZn, Ckvemw aXØns‚

tkh-I-\m-bn´p Xs∂-bmWv ]Xy-£-s∏-SpI F∂ Imcy-Øn¬

kwi-b-an-√. AXmWv hmkvX-h-sa∂v hcp-tºmƒ aX-Im-cy-Øn¬

\n¿_‘w A\p-h-Z\obas√∂ Ckvemans‚ A≤ym-]-\-ßƒ

s°-Xn-cn¬ At±lw Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒs°-Xn-cmbn Fßs\ bp

≤w sNøm-\mWv? At±lw Aßs\ sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Hcp

aX-]-cn-jv°¿Øm-hm-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xn\p ]Icw Ckveman-Im-≤ym-

]-\sØ XInSw adn-°p-Ibpw Ipg-∏-an-√m-Xm-°p-∂-Xn\v ]Icw

D-≠m-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Bfm-bn-cn-°pw.

Btem-N-\m¿l-am-bn- p≈ as‰mcp kwKXn IqSn-bp-≠v. ako

lpw alvZnbpw Htc hy‡n-bpsS c≠v \ma-ßfm-sW∂v sXfn-

bp-Ibpw ako-lns\ kw_-‘n®v At±lw bp≤w C√m-Xm-°p∂

Bfm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v lZo-kn¬ ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-Ibpw sN

øp-tºmƒ alvZn°v Fßs\ hmsf-SpØp bp≤w sNøm≥ km

[n°pw? hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ ako-lns\ kw_-‘n®v \_n-Xn

cp-ta\n ]d-bp-∂Xv t\m°pI:

æ]Öù„pÞËŠoen‚åÖnçÓàù]ámùßˆÙÊnÓÜ]eàÚ†mÜuÓÛ÷Â‚Ÿ÷

E‘vnx]Öfí^…pÒj^he‚ð]Öí×ÐD ÊnÓŠ†]Ö’ù×ngæmÏjØ]Öíßˆm†æm–Ä]Öv†h

GsXm-cp-hs‚ ssIbn¬ Fs‚ Poh-\n-cn-°p-∂pthm Ah-

\msW! \oXn-am\mb hn[n-I¿Øm-hmbn C_v\p-a¿bw \nß-

fn¬ Cd-ßp∂ Imew hcpw; At±lw Ipcnipapdn-°p-Ibpw ]∂n

sb sIm√p-Ibpw bp≤w \ndp-Øp-Ibpw sNøpw.

t\m°p-I, Cu lZoYv FX kv]„-ambmWv \ap°v ImWn®p

Xcp-∂-Xv, alvZn P\-ßsf aX-]-cn-h¿Ø-\-Øn\v \n¿_‘n°p-

I-bn-s√∂pw At±lw aX-bp-≤-ßsf C√m-Xm-°pI IqSn sNøp

∂-Xm-sW-∂pw. F∂n´pw \ΩpsS apkvenw ktlm-Z-c∑m¿ hnip≤

Jp¿-Bs‚ A≤ym-]-\-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn JUvK-[m-cn-bmb HcpalvZn-

sb-bmWv ]Xo-£n®p sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. alvZn Dd-ßp∂ Bfp

Isf DW¿Øp-Itbm Bcp-sS-sb-¶nepw c‡w Nn¥p-Itbm sN

ømsX tIhew kam-[m-\-]-c-amb am¿§-Øn¬°qSn Xs‚ tPm


en \n¿∆-ln-°p-sa∂v hy‡-am-°p∂ C_v\p-l-P-dns‚ Hcp \nth-

Z\w A√max kn±oJv lk≥ kmln_v At±-l-Øns‚ lpPPp¬

Indmax F∂ KŸ-Øn¬ D≤-cn-®n-´p-ap-≠v.

bp≤w sNøp∂ Hcp alvZn hcn-I-bn-s√∂pw hcp∂ alvZn

kam-[m-\-tØm-Sp-IqSn tPmen sNøp∂ Bfm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw apI-

fn¬ ]d™ F√m tcJ-IƒsIm≠pw sXfn-bp-∂p-≠v. F∂m¬,

ChnsS kzm`m-hn-I-ambn Hcp kwi-b-Øn\p hgn-bp-≠v. Ckvemw,

aX-Im-cy-Øn¬ \n¿_‘w A\p-h-Zn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw \_n-Xn-cp-

ta\n bp≤w sNøp-Itbm c‡w Nn¥p-Itbm sNøp∂ Hcpalv Zn-

sb-∏‰n ]h-Nn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX ÿnXn°v apkvenwI-fn¬

AXn-s\-Xn-cmb hnizmkw Fßs\ IS∂p IqSn? AXn\p≈ adp-

]Sn CXm-Wv. Zu¿`m-Ky-h-im¬ ]h-N-\-ß-fpsS B¥cm¿∞sØ

AK-Wy-am-°n-s°m≠v _mly-amb ]Z-ß-fn¬ H´n-∏nSn-°p-I-sb-

∂Xv s]mXp P\-ß-fpsS kz`m-h-am-Wv. DZm-l-cWam-bn, akolv

hcp-tºmƒ al-Ømb Hcp blq-Z- -c-W-Øns‚ AkvXn-hm-c-anSp-

sa∂v _\q-C-km-bo-en\p hmKvZm\w \evI-s∏- n p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. (sk-

Iv-cymhp: 9,10). F∂m¬, Cukm-\_n akolm-sW∂ hmZw ]pds∏-

Sp-hn-®-t∏mƒ, _e-lo-\\pw \n -lm-b-\pamb Hcmfmbn´mWv blq-

Z¿ At±-lsØI≠-Xv. At±lw Hcp `c-W-Øn-s‚bpw Xd-°-√n-

SmsX kam-[m-\-tØm-Sp-IqSn tdma≥ `c-W-Øn\p Iogn¬ Xs‚

ZuXy-k-tµiw ]N-cn-∏n-°m≥ XpSßp-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. blq-Zn

I-fpsS ss\cm-iy-Øns‚ Bgw t\m°pI! Hcp al-Ømb blqZ

kmamPyw ÿm]n-°p-Ibpw Xßsf B kmamPyknwlm-k-\-

Øn¬ Ah-tcm-[n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Hcm-sf-bmWv Ah¿ ImØn-

cp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬, akolv h∂t∏mƒ F¥p kw`hn®p? At±-l-

Øns‚ hmsamgnXs∂ tIƒ°pI: Ipdp-\-cn-Iƒ°v Ipgn-Ifpw BIm-

i-Ønse ]d-h-Iƒ°v IqSp-Ifpw D≠v; a\p-jy-]p-Xt\m Xe Nmbn-

∏m≥ CS-an√. CtX]Im-c-Øn¬Øs∂ al-Ømb Hcp Ckvem

anI kmam-Py-Øns‚ AkvXn-hm-c-an-Sp-Ibpw Ahn-izm-kn-I-sfsb

√mw sIms∂m-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ tbm≤m-hmb Hcp alvZnsb

apkvenwIfpw ImØn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. F∂m¬, _\q-C-kvdm-bo-en s‚

F√m Bi-Ifpw XI¿∂-Xp-t]mse Ch-cpsS Bibpw XIcp-I

Xs∂ sNøpw. A√m-lp-hn-s‚-bpw, dkq-en-s‚bpw hmKvZm-\Øns\

-Xn-cmbn Bsc-¥p-hn-Nm-cn-®mepw Ah-sbm∂pw \nd-th-dp-I-bn-√.

100 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

bmYm¿∞y-an-XmWv ˛ hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ ]cn-jv°¿Øm-hns‚

B≤ym-fln-Im-`n-hr-≤nsb ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-Øm\pw iXp--°-fpsS

FXn¿∏n-s‚bpw At±-l-Øns‚ hnP-b-Øn-s‚bpw cq]w P\lr-

Z-b-ß-fn¬ ]Xn-∏n-°p-hm\pwth≠n Nne-t∏mƒ bp≤-`m-j-bn¬

Be-¶m-cn-I-ambn kwkm-cn-°-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v. F∂m¬, P\-ßƒ A

PvRX \nanØw B hm°p-I-fpsS _mlym¿∞-Øn¬ ]‰n-]n-Sn

®p \nev°p-Ibpw Znhy-hm-Znsb Af-°p-hm≥ Ahsb am\-Z-fi-

am-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. euIn-I-amb Hcp kmam-´ns‚ BK-a-\-

Øn¬ tam£w ]Xo-£n-°p-tºmƒ Ah¿ IqSp-X-embn A‘∑m-

cm-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. kam-[m-\-tØm-Sp-IqSn ]h¿Øn-°p∂ Hcp ]cn-

jv°¿Øm-hn\p F¥p sNøm≥ km[n°pw? At±-l-Øn\v Ah-

cpsS kmº-ØnI ÿnXn \∂m-°p-hmt\m cmjvSo-b-ambn Ah

sc D≤-cn-°p-hmt\m Ign-bp-I-bn-√. F∂m¬, tbm≤m-hmb Hcp

]hm-N-I-\m-sW-¶n¬ At±-l-Øn\v hfsc Ffp-∏-Øn¬ Ah-

cpsS Hgn™ k©n-Iƒ \nd-bv°p-hm\pw Ahsc `c-Wm-[n-Im-

cn-I-fm-°n-Øo¿°p-hm\pw km[n-°pw. AXn-\m¬, taml-\-kpµ-

c-amb Hcp ]q¶m-h-\-Øn¬ \n∂v ]pd-tØ°v h∂v I≠I k¶o¿

Æ-amb am¿§-Øn¬ Imep-Ip-Øm≥ Ah-sc-ßs\ CjvS-s∏Spw?

F∂m¬, Ah¿ Btem-Nn-°p-∂n-√˛ A√m-lp-hns‚ ASp-°¬\n

∂phcp∂ ]cn-jv°¿Øm-°-fpsS bYm¿∞ tPmen B≤ym-fln-

tIm-≤m-c-W-am-sW-∂v. B ]cn-jv°¿Øm-°ƒ h∂ DS≥Xs∂

hmsf-SpØp bp≤w XpS-ßp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ah-cpsS BK-a-t\m-

t±iywXs∂ hn -e-am-bn-t∏m-Ipw. AXn-\m¬, hmKvZm\w sNø-

s∏´ alvZnsb kw_-‘n®v Nne lZo-Yp-Iƒ bp≤- mj D]tbm-

Kn-®-Xn\v At±lw Hcp ssk\nI P\-d-ens‚ cq]-Øn¬ ]Xy£-

s∏Spw F∂¿∞-an-√. AXns‚ kmcw Akm-[m-c-W-amb ASbm-

f-ß-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv At±-l-Øns‚ Bhn¿`m-h-ap-≠m-hpI F ∂pw

iXp-°ƒ arX-]m-b-cm-bn-Øo-cp-am-dp≈ tcJ-Ifpw ZrjvSm ¥-ßfpw

Ckvemans‚ kXyw ÿm]n°m≥th≠n At±lwsIm ≠p-h-cp-

sa∂pw amX-amWv .AX-√msX as‰mcp A¿∞w AXn\v I¬]n-

°m≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√. CjvS-ap-≈-h¿ kzoI-cn®p sIm≈-s´.

lZvdØv AlvaZns‚(A) hmZw kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v s]mXp-

P-\-ßƒ°v XS- -ambn \nev°p∂ G‰hpw henb sX‰mb c≠p

[mc-W-Iƒ Rß-fn-t∏mƒ \o°w sNbvXp Ign-™n-cn-°p-∂p.

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 101

AXm-b-Xv, Cukm-\_n ÿqe-tZ-l-tØmSpw Poh-t\mSpw IqSn

BIm-i-Øn-te°v t]mhp-I-b-√, ]XypX qan-bn¬ sh®p Xs∂

acWw ]m]n-°p-I-bmWv sNbvX-sX-∂pw* GsXmcp ako-lns‚

BK-a-\-sØ-∏‰n Cu DΩ-Øn\p hmKvZm\w \evI-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p

thm B akolv ]pd-Øp-\n-∂p≈ Hcm-fm-bn-cn-°-bn-√, adn®v C

tX DΩ-Øn¬\n∂pw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS Zmk≥am-cn¬ \n∂pap

≈ Hcp hy‡n-bm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw Rßƒ sXfn-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. c

≠m-a-Xm-bn, hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ ako-lns‚ ImeØv At±-l

a√mØ Hcp alvZn D≠m-hp-I-bn-s√∂pw ako-sl∂pw alvZnsb-

∂p-ap≈ t]cp-Iƒ Htc hy‡n-°p≈ c≠v hyXykvX DtZymK]Z-

hn-Isf ap≥\n-dpØn \evI-s∏- -Xm-sW∂pw AXp-sIm≠v akolpw

alvZnbpw Htc Bfm-sW∂pw Rßƒ ÿm]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p IqSm-

sX, hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ alvZn hmsf-SpØp Ahn-izm-kn-I-fp-ambn

bp≤w sNøp-I-bpw, ImcWw IqSmsX temIØv tNmc-∏pg Hgp-°p-

Ibpw sNøp-sa-∂p-ap≈ hnizmkw sX‰m-sW∂pw bYm¿∞-Øn¬

At±-l-Øns‚ hmƒ Zr„m-¥-ß-fpsS hmfpw Bbp[w B≤ym-flnI-

X-bpsS Bbp-[hpw Bbn-cn-°p-sa∂pw At±lw kam-[m-\-tØmSp-

IqSn ]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw Zr„m-¥-ß-fpsS i‡n-sIm≠v Ckvemans\

hnP-bn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-sa∂pw Rßƒ hy‡-am-°n. C\n \

ap-°v, hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ akolpw alvZn-bp-amWv Xms\∂

lZvdØv AlvaZns‚(A) hmZw FX-tØmfw icnbpw kzoImcy-

hp-amWv F∂ bYm¿∞ ]iv\-Øn-te°v ]th-in-°mw.

* Cukm-\_n(A) Ipcn-ip-kw-`-h-Øn¬\n∂v c£-s∏´v C¥y-bn-te°v A`-

bm¿∞n-bmbn hcn-Ibpw HSp-hn¬ Iivao-cn¬sh®v \ncym-X-\m-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp-

sh∂pw io\-K-dnse Jm≥bm¿ apl-√-bn¬ At±-l-Øns‚ I_v¿ C∂pw

ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂p-s≠∂pw lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) Ncn-X-tc-J-I-fm¬ sXfn-bn-

®n-´p-s≠∂ kwKXn ChnsS kva¿Ø-hy-am-Wv. Cu KŸ-Im-c\pw B I_v¿

kµ¿in-®n- p-≠v. CXp -kw-_-‘n®v IqSp-X¬ Adn-bm≥ Xm¬]-cy-ap-≈-h¿

lZvdØv Alva-Zn(-A)s‚ "akolv lnµp-ÿm≥sa' "dmsk lJo-JØv' F∂o

KŸ-ßƒ t\m°p-I.

102 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

3. alvZo-a-ko-lns‚ AS-bm--f-ßƒ

BZy-ambn AS-bm-f-ß-sf-°p-dn®v \ap°v N¿® sNømw. AXm-

bXv hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬\n∂pw lZo-Yn¬\n∂pw hmKvZØ alv

Znsb°pdn®v Fs¥√mw AS-bm-f-ßƒ a\- n-em-Ip-∂pthm Ah

aptJ\ lZvdØv AlvaZns‚ (A) hmZ-ßƒ \ap°v ]cn-tim[n

°mw.

akolv auDu-Zns‚ AS-bm-f-ß-sf-∏‰n At\Iw ]kvXmh-

\-Iƒ ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bpw. F∂m¬, CXp kw_-‘n®v Nne¿°v

B]¬°-c-amb Hcp sX‰v ]‰n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. AXn-\m¬ CXv kw

_‘n® ]Xn-]m-Z-\-Øn¬ FØpw]nSn-bp-an-√msX A\-h[n

Bi-b-°p-g-∏-ßƒ D≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Jnbm-a-Øns\ kw_-‘n

®v ]d-b-s∏- n- p≈ AS-bm-f-ß-sf√mw akolv auDu-Zns\ kw_-

‘n-®-Xm-sW∂v [cn-®p-t]mbn F∂-Xm-W-Xv. H∂m-a-Xm-bn, Jnbm-

a-Øns\ kw_-‘n®v ]d-b-s∏- n- p≈ AS-bm-f-ß-sf√mw akolv

auDu-Zn-s‚bpw AS-bm-f-ß-fmbns°m≈-W-sa-∂pan-√. akolv

auDu-Zv, Jnbm-a-Øns‚ AXm-b-Xv, kmA-Øns‚ Hcp AS-bm-f-

am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v ]d-b-s∏- n- p-≈Xv t\cm-Wv. F∂m¬, AXpsIm

≠v Jnbm-a-Øns‚ F√m AS-bm-f-ßfpw akolv auDu-Zns‚Ime

ØpXs∂ ]Xy-£-s∏´p sIm≈-W-sa-∂pa-n-√. Nne AS-bm-f-

ßƒ Jnbm-a-Øn-t\mSv ASpØpw ]Xy-£-s∏-Sm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Npcp-

° Øn¬, akolv auDuZvXs∂ Jnbm-a-Øns‚ Hcp AS-bm-f-

amsW-¶nepw Jnbm-a-Øns‚ F√m AS-bm-f-ßfpw akolv auDu-

Zns‚ ImeØv ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp -sa∂v ]Xo-£n-°p-∂Xpw

AXn\pth≠n At\z-jWw \S-Øp-∂Xpw `oa-amb Hcp sX‰m-

Ip-∂p. Ah At±-l-Øns‚ AS-bm-f-ß-f-√. Jnbm-a-Øns‚ AS-

bm-f-ß-fm-Wv. Ah-bn-¬ Nn-eXv Jnbma-Øn\v hfsc ASp-Ømbn

]pe-cp -I-sb-∂Xv kw`hy-am-Wv. c≠m-a-Xmbn lZo-Yn¬

FhnsSsb√mw "Jnbm-a Øv' F∂pw "kmAØv' F∂p-ap≈

]Z-ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-´pt≠m Ahn-sS-sb√mw AXp-sIm≠v Dt±-

in-°-s∏-´Xv Jnbm-a-Øp¬ Ip_vdm, AXm-bXv henb Jnbm-a-

Øm-sW∂v Nne¿ [cn®pt]mbn-cn-°p-∂p. CXv B]¬°-c-am-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 103

sbmcp A_-≤-am-Wv. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ kmA-sØ∂pw Jnbm-a-

sØ-∂p-ap≈ ]Z-ßƒ Ad-_n-`m-j-bn¬ Jnbm-a-Øp¬ Ip_-

dmbv°v ]tXy-I-am-bp-≈-X-√. AXv hºn® F√m ]cn-h¿Ø-\-

ß-sf-∏‰nbpw ]tbm-Kn-°p∂ ]Zß-fm-Wv. Jpe- m-D¿dm-in-Zos‚

Ime-Øp-≠mb Ipg∏w Hcp kmA-Øm-bn-cp-∂p. _\q-D-a-ø-bpsS

\mihpw Hcp kmA-Øm-bn-cp-∂p. _KvZm-Zn-s‚bpw _\q-A-∫m-

kn-s‚bpw \mihpw ][m-\-s∏´Hcp kmAØpw Jnbm-a-Øp-am-

bn-cp-∂p. CXp-t]m-se-Øs∂ Ckvem anI Ncn-X-Ønse henb

henb F√m ]cn-h¿Ø-\-ßfpw Ipg∏-ßfpw kmA-Øp-I-fm-

bn-cp-∂p. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS hN-\-ßfn¬ kmA-Øns‚ e£-

W-ß-fmbn ]d-™n-´p≈ kwK-Xn-I-sf√mw Jnbm-a-Øp¬

Ip_vdmsb kw_-‘n-®-X-√, Cu a≤y-Ime kmA-Øp-Isf

kw_-‘n®v IqSn-bm-Wv. Hcp lZo-Yn¬ ]d-™n- p-≈Xv Hcp kmA-

Øns\∏‰n-bm-sW-¶n¬ as‰mcp lZoYn¬ ]d-™n´p-≈Xv

as‰mcp kmA-Øn-s\-∏-‰n-bm-Ip-∂p. Nne AS-bm-f-ßƒ Jnbm-a-

Øp¬ Ip_vdm-sb-∏-‰nbpw hnh-cn-°-s∏- n- p-≠v. Ah-[m\-]q¿∆w

Btem-Nn-°p-Ibpw CkvemanI Ncn-Xw ap∂n¬ sh °p-Ibpw

sNøp∂ GsXm-cmƒ°pw \ntj-[n-°m≥ Ign-bmØ Hcp ]c-

am¿∞-am-Wn-Xv. Fs¥-∂m¬, Nne AS-bm-f-ßƒ a≤yIm-esØ

kmA-Øp-I-fn¬ ]Xy-£-s∏´p sIm≠v Cu ]c-am¿∞-

Øn≥ta¬ apZ IpØn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Cu \ne°v ako-ln-s‚bpw

alvZn-bp-sSbpw Ime-sØtbm hy‡n-Xz-sØtbm kw_‘n®

AS-bm-f-ßsf amXw hymh¿Øn-®-dn-tb-≠Xv \ΩpsS H∂m-a

sØ IS-a-bm-Wv.

alvZo-a-ko-lns\ kw_-‘n® ]Ø-S-bm-f-ßƒ

ako-ln-s\bpw alvZn-sbbpw kw_-‘n-®Xpw an°-hmdpw

F√m apkvenIfpw Adn-bp-∂-Xp-amb ]Øv ][m-\-s∏´ AS-bm

fßƒ hnip≤ Jp¿-B\pw lZo-Yp-Ifpw hy‡-am-°n-Ø-cp-∂Xv

Xmsg ]d-bp-∂-h-bm-Wv.

1. akolv auDu-Zns‚ ImeØv temIw apgp-h\pw Hcp cmPyw

t]mse BIp-amdv KXm-KX kuI-cy-ßƒ hfsc A[nIw A`n

hr-≤n-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv. ]pXnb hml-\-ßƒ D≠m-bn-Øo-cpw. H´I-

k-hmcn Dt]-£n-°-s∏-Spw. KŸ-ßƒ, ]_-‘ßƒ XpS-ßnb-

104 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

h-bpsS kam-lm-c-ßƒ, ]X-ßƒ F∂n-h-bpsS ]kn-≤o-I-cWw

Ht´sd h¿≤n-°pw. uXnI hn⁄m\w A`n-hr-≤n-s∏-Spw. ad™n-

cp∂ At\Iw hn⁄m-\-ßƒ ]pXp-Xmbn ]pd-tØ°phcpw.\Zn-

IƒsIm≠pw kap-Z-ßƒ sIm≠pw I\m-ep-Iƒ \n¿Ωn-°-s∏Spw.

KXm-KX kuI-cy-ßƒ Akm-[m-c-W-ambn A`n-hr-≤n-s∏Spw,a‰pw

a‰pw

2. Ipcn-ip-aXw hfsc ]m_eyw ]m]n-®n-cn-°pw.

3. Z÷m¬ ]pd-s∏-Spw, Z÷mens‚ Ipg∏w Ign™p IS∂

F√m Ipg-∏-ß-sf-°mfpw hep-Xm-bn-cn°pw.

4. bAvPqPv aAvPqPv ]q¿Æ-]-Xm-]-tØm-Sp-IqSn ]Xy-£s∏-

Sp-Ibpw temI-Øns‚ \√ \√ `mK-ßƒ kzm[o-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-I

bpw sNøpw. P\-X-Iƒ At\ym\yw iXp-°-fm-bn-Øo-cpw.

5. aX-Øn\v henb Hcp hn]¬°m-e-am-bn-cn-°p-a-Xv. \m\m`m

KØpw uXn-I-Xzhpw \nco-iz-c-Xzhpw ]c-°pw. Ckvemans‚ ÿn

Xn Atß-b‰w Zp¿_-e-am-bn-cn-°pw. De-am-°-fpsS Ahÿ tim

N-\o-b-am-bn-cn-°pw. Ckveman¬ hºn® A`n-]mb hyXym-kß-

fp-≠m-hpw. P\-ß-fpsS hnizm-k-ßƒ ]ng®p t]mIpw. I¿Ω-ß

ƒ Zqjn-°pw. kXy-hn-izmkw temIØp\n∂v FSp-°-s∏´pt]m

Ipw. _mly-ambpw Ckvemw \m\m-`m-KØp \n∂pw iXp-°-fm

¬ hebw sNø-s∏-Spw.

6. alvZo-a-ko-lns‚ ImeØv da-Zm≥ amk-Øn¬ \n›nX

Znh-k-ß-fn¬ kqcy-K-l-Whpw Nµ-K-l-Whpw D≠m-Ipw.

7. alvZn-a-ko-lns‚ ImeØv Zm∫-Øp¬A¿fv ]pd-s∏-Spw.

8. alvZo-a-ko-lv Zna-ivJn\p Ing°p `mKØv Hcp shfpØ

an\m-c-Øn¬ Cd-ßpw.

9. At±-l-Øns‚ e£Ww CXm-bn-cn°pw:˛ \ndw tKmXºn-

s‚bpw apSn t\sc-bp-≈Xpw \o≠-Xpw.

10. At±lw Ipcn-ins\ apdn-°pw. ]∂nsb sIm√pw. Z÷men

s\ h[n-°pw. Ckvemans\ hnP-bn-∏n-°pw. At±-l-Øns‚ Ime

Øv kqcy≥ ]Sn-™mdp\n∂v DZn-°pw. At±lw A`y-¥-chpw

_mly-hp-amb F√m A`n-]m-b-hy-Xym-k-ß-sf-∏-‰nbpw \ymbw

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 105

hn[n-°pw. \jvS-s∏-´p-t]mb kXy-hn-izmkw ho≠pw temIØv

ÿm]n-°pw. P\-ßƒ°v [mcm-f-ambn [\w sImSp-°pw. P\-ß

ƒ AXv kzoI-cn-°-bn-√.

C∏-d™ ]Øv ][m-\-s∏´ AS-bm-f-ß-fmWv hmKvZm\w

sNø-s∏´ alvZo ako-ln-s\bpw At±-l-Øns‚ ImesØbpw

kw_-‘n®v hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬\n∂pw lZo-Yp-I-fn¬\n∂pw

sXfn-bp-∂-Xv. Cu ]Øv AS-bm-f-ß-sfbpw sht∆sd ap∂n¬

sh®psIm≠v lZvdØvv AlvaZns‚(A) hmZw \ap°v ]cn-tim[n-

°mw. kXy-mk-Xy-ßƒ Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ kXym-t\z-jn-Iƒ°v hgn

Xpd-∂p-In-´p-am-dm-I-s´. ham- Xu-^oJo C√m-_n-√mlv

H∂m-asØ AS-bmfw

Jnbm-aØv ASp-°p-Ibpw akolv hnP-bn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂-

Xns‚ H∂m-asØ AS-bmfw hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ hnh-cn-°p-∂Xv

C]-Im-c-am-Wv.

H´-I-ß-fpsS khmcn \ndpØ¬ sNø-s∏-Spw. AXm-b-Xv,

]pXnb ]pXnb hml-\-ßƒ I≠p-]n-Sn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xns‚ eam

bn H -I-k-hmcn Dt]-£n-°-s∏-Spw. \Zn-Ifpw kap-Z-ßfpw Iods∏-

Spw. AXm-b-Xv, I\m-ep-Iƒ Iodn \Zn-Ifpw kap-Z-ßfpw Ahbn

¬°qSn Hgp-°-s∏-Spw. hnhn[ P\-X-Iƒ At\ym\yw _‘n-°

s∏-Spw. AXm-b-Xv, KXm-K-X-ku-Icyw h¿≤n-°p-I-bm¬ ]≠sØ-

t∏mse P\-ßƒ ]c-kv]cw thdn´p \nev°p-I-bn√; kº¿°m[n

IywsIm≠v temIw Hcp cmPyw t]mse-bm-bn-Øo-cpw. KŸß

fpw, k©n-IIfpw, ]X-ßfpw hfscb[nIw ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°s∏-

Spw. AXm-bXv A®-Sn-b-¥-ß-fpsS I≠p]nSn-Ø-Øm¬ ]XK-

Ÿ-ß-fpsS ]kn-≤o-I-cWw hn]p-e-amb tXmXn¬ \S-°pw.

hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs‚ Cu ]kvXm-h-\sb A\p-Iq-en-°p∂

Hcp lZo-Yp-≠v. AXn¬ ]d-bp-I-bmWv:

106 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

Önj†Òàù]ÖÏ¡”Ê¡mŠÃFoÂ×nã^H-´-I-ßƒ Dt]-£n-°-s∏Spw; Ah-bn≥ta¬ khmcn sNøp-

I-bn-√.

hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ as‰mcp ÿeØv ]d-bp-I-bmWv:

Ah-km-\-ImeØv `qan- A-Xns‚ F√m `mc-ß-sfbpw ]pd

Øm-°p-Ibpw `uXn-I-hn-⁄m\w h¿≤n-°p-Ibpw sN-øpw.

Cu ImeØv ta¬]-d™ AS-bm-f-ßƒ FX hy‡-am-bm

Wv \nd-th-dn-bn-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v t\m°p-I. sdbn¬, tamt´m¿, I∏

¬, hnam\w apX-em-b hml-\-ßfpw X]m¬, Iºn, Iºn-bn√m

Iºn, sSe-t^m¨, tdUntbm apX-emb hm¿Øm-hn-\n-ab am¿§-

ßfpw I\m-ep-Iƒ, ]X-K-Ÿm-Zn-I-fpsS B[n-Iyw, A®Snb¥

ßƒ, ssS∏vssd-‰¿, tjm¿ vlm‚ v, sSen-]n‚¿ F∂n-hbpw tem

IsØ FX-ta¬ H∂m-°n-t®¿Øn-cn-°p∂p! aX-]-Nm-cWw F

X-b-[nIw kuI-cy-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p! sdbn¬, tamt´m¿ apX-

emb hml-\-ßƒ H´-I-ßsf \ncp-]-tbm-K-am-°n-Øo¿Øn-´n-√

tbm? Atd-_y-bn¬ t]mepw sdbn¬ FØn-t®¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p.

a°bv°pw aZo-\bv°panS-bn¬ sdbn¬ ]mX-bp-≠m-°n. H´-I-∏p-

d-Øp≈ Zo¿L-bmX a‰p cmPy-ß-fn-se∂ t]mse Ahn-sSbpw

\nt»jw Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p∂ Imew hnZqc-a-√. bYm¿∞-Øn¬,

_p≤n-bp-≈-h¿°m¿°pw kwi-bn-°m≥ hgn-bn-√mØ hn[w hy

‡-ambn Cu AS-bm-f-ßƒ Cu ImeØv \nd-th-dn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

AtX-]-Imcw Xs∂ Ncn-X-Øn¬ XpeyX ImWm≥ Ign-bmØ

hn[w euInI hn⁄m\w C°m-eØv h¿≤n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn

cn-°p-∂p.

akolv auDu-Zns‚ BK-a\w Aß-s\-bp≈ Hcp Ime-Øm

bn-cn-°-W-sa-∂Xv Hgn-®p-Iq-Sm-Ø-Xm-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬, At±-l

Øns‚ Imew aX-]-N-mc-W-Øns‚ Ime-am-Ip-∂p. At±-l-Øn

\pw At±-l-Øns‚ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ°pw aX-]-N-mc-W-I¿Øhyw

Ffp∏w \n¿∆-ln-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn ]kn-≤o-I-cW kuI-cy-ßƒ

h¿≤n-°msX Ign-bp-I-bn-√.

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 107

c≠m-asØ AS-bmfw

akolv auDu-Zns‚ ImesØ c≠m-asØ AS-bm-f-ambn]d-

bp-∂Xv A∂v Ipcn-ip-aXw hfsc ]Xm-]-Øn-em-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂m

Wv. AXm-bXv InkvXym-\n-Iƒ temIØv anI®p \nev°pw. hnip

≤ Jp¿-Bs‚ kqN-\bv°p ]pdsa akolv auDu-Zns\ kw_‘n-

®v,, At±lw Ipcnip apdn-°p-sa∂v lZo-Yn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xn

¬\n∂pw hy‡-ambn sXfn-bp-∂Xv At±lw hcp-∂Xv Ipcn-ip

a-X-Øns‚ ]Xm-]-Im-e-Øm-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂m-Wv. Aß-s\-bm-sW-

¶n¬ amXta AXn-t\m-sS-Xn-cn v AXns\ apdn-°m≥ At±-lØn

\v km[n-°p-I-bp-≈q. Zp¿∫-e-amb Ah-ÿ-bn¬ InkvXp-a-XØn

s‚ AkvXnXzw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS ImeØpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

F∂m¬, Xncp-ta-\nsb kw_-‘n®v Ipcn-ins\ apdn-°p-sa∂v

]d-b-s∏-ń-ń-√. Ipcn-ins\ apdn-°p-I-sb-∂-Xns‚ A¿∞w, Ipcn-

ip-aXw ]m_-ey-Øn-en-cn-°p∂ Ah-ÿ-bn¬ Bsc-¶nepw AXn

s\ FXn¿Øp ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-ØpI F∂m-sW∂v CXn¬ \n∂v

a\- n-em-Ip-∂p. C\n C°m-eØv Ipcn-ip-a-X-Øn\v FX-tØmfw

]Xm-]hpw ]m_-ey-hpw-ap-s≠∂v t\m°p-I. GXp- m-KØv t\m

°n-bmepw B aX-Øns‚ A\p-bm-bn-Isf ImWm≥ Ign-bpw.

temIØv apgp-h≥ Xß-fpsS aX-]-N-cm-W-Øn\pth≠n Ah¿

Kwò-c-am-sbmcp he hncn®p sh®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. AXn-\m¬,

akolv auDuZv htc≠ Imew CXp Xs∂-bm-Ip-∂p. Ipcn-ip-J-

fi-\sØ kw_-‘n-®p≈ N¿® ]n∂oSv hcp-∂-Xm-Wv. InkvXp-

a-X-Øns‚ ]Xm]w akolv auDu-Zns‚ ImesØ kw_-‘n®

Hcp AS-bm-f-ambn ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-ń-´p-s≠∂v ImWn-°m≥

amXta ChnsS Dt±-in-°p-∂p-≈q. Cu ImeØv B AS-bmfw

]cn-]q¿Æ-ambn ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.

aq∂m-asØ AS-bmfw

akolv auDu-Zns‚ aq∂m-asØ AS-bm-f-ambn ]d-b-s∏-

ńcn °-p-∂-Xv, At±-l-Øns‚ ImeØv Z÷m-ens‚ ]pd-∏mSv

D≠m-Ip-sa-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. \_n(k) Xncp-ta\n, kzlm-_m-Øns\

A`nap-Jo-I-cn®v Cßs\ ]d-™-Xmbn lZo-Yn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-

bn-cn°p-∂p.

108 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

H‰-°-Æ-\mb s]cpw-\p-W-b-s\-∏‰n Xs‚ P\-tØmSv bs∏-

SpØn ]d-™n-ń-√mØ Hcp \_nbpw Ign-™p-t]m-bn-ń-√. Adn-

™p-sIm-≠m-epw, Ah≥ H‰-°-Æ-\m-bn-cn-°pw. F∂m¬, \nßfp

sS ssZhw H‰-°-Æ-\-√. B H‰-°-Æ-\mb Z÷m-ens‚ IÆp-I

ƒ°n-S-bn¬ I.-^.-d. F∂v Fgp-X-s∏-ń-cn-°pw. Ah≥ Ah-t\m-

Ú^ÚàÞfoù]ŸÎ‚]Þ„…]Úùjä]ŸÂç…]ÖÓ„]h]Ÿ]Þùä]Âç…æ]áù

…eùþ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³ÓÜÖn‹e^Âç…³ÚÓjçhºenàÂnßäÕ³Í³…

æÊo…æ]mèæ]Þùämr®ÚÃäeÛ%Ø]Örßùþ³þ³þ³èæ]Ößù^…Ê^ÖùjomÏçÙ

]Þùã^]Örßùþ³èâo]Ößù^…³æÊo…æ]mjä]áù]Ö‚ùqù^Ùmí†tæ]áù

ÚÃäÚ«ð÷æÞ^…÷]Ê^Úù^]Öù„pe†]å]Ößù^ŒÚ«ð÷Êß^…iþ³þ³v†ùÑæ]Ú^

]Öù„pm†]å]Ößùþ³þ³þ³þ³^ŒÞ^…÷]ÊÛ«ðºe^…ºæÂ„hº³æ]áù]Ö‚ùqù^Ù

ÚÛŠç|]ÖÃnàÂ×þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³nã^¾Ë†éºÆ×n¿èºÚÓjçhºenàÂnßnä

Ò^Ê†mÏþ³þ³þ³þ³þ³†œåüÒØùÚ©ÚàÒîgÆn†Òîg³æÊo…æ]mèõ

]áù]Ö‚ùqù^Ù]Âç…]ÖÃnà]ÖnÛßFoÊÛà]…ÒäÚßþ³þ³þ³þ³ÓÜÊ×nÏ†œ

Â×näÊç]ix‰ç…é]ÖÓþ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³ãÌÊ^Þùã^qç]…ÒÜÚàÊjßjä³

æÊo…æ]mèõæm^Ú†]ÖŠþ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³Û«ðÊjÛ_†öæm^Ú†]Ÿ…šÊjfk

æmÛ†ùe^Öí†eèÊnÏçÙÖã^]ì†qoÒßç‡ÕÊjjfÃäÒßç‡â^³

æÊo…æ]mèõmÏþ³þ³þ³þ³çÙ]Ö‚ùqù^Ù]…œmjÜ]áÎj×kâF„]$Üù]unnjäü

æÊo…æ]mèõ]áÚÃäqfØìfõæÞã†Ú«ðõ³æÊo…æ]mèõmí†t

EÚþ³þ³þ³þ³þ³ÓFçéD ]Ö‚ùqù^ÙÂ×oFuÛ^…õ]ÎÛ†Úênà]ƒÞnä‰fÃçáe^Â÷

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 109

Sp-IqSn kz¿§ \c-I-ß-fpsS kmZr-iy-ßƒ sIm≠p-hcpw F∂v

as‰mcp ]kvXm-h-\-bn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬, Ah≥

GsXm-∂n-s\-∏‰n kz¿§-sa∂v ]d-bptam AXv bYm¿∞-Øn¬

\c-I-am-bn-cn-°pw. as‰mcp dnt∏m¿´n¬ ]d-bp∂p: Z÷m¬ ]pds∏-

Sp-tºmƒ Ah-t\m-sSm-∂n®v sh≈hpw Xobp-ap-≠m-Ipw. F∂m¬

P\-ßƒ sh≈-ambn ImWp-∂Xv bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Zln-∏n-°p∂

Xo Bbn-cn-°pw. P\-ßƒ Xobmbn ImWp-∂Xv bYm-¿∞-Øn¬

XWp∏pw kzmZp-ap≈ sh≈-am-bn-cn-°pw. Z÷m-ens‚ Hcp IÆv

ImgvN-bn-√m-Ø-Xm-bn-cn-°pw. Ahs‚ IÆp-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ Im^n¿

F∂v Fgp-X-s∏- n- p-≠m-Ipw. A£-c-⁄m-\-ap-≈-hcpw A√m-Ø-

h-cp-amb F√m hnizm-kn-Iƒ°pw AXv hmbn°m≥ Ign-bpw. a

s‰mcp cnhm-b-Øn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. Z÷m¬ ag s]øm≥ B

Im-i-tØmSv I¬]n-°p-tºmƒ BImiw sh≈w sNmcn-bp-Ibpw

apf-∏n-°pI F∂v `qan-tbmSv I¬]n-°p-tºmƒ `qan apf-∏n-°p-I

bpw sNøpw. Ah≥ ]mgv`q-an-bn¬ IqSn \S-°p-tºmƒ \ns‚ \n

t£-]-ßƒ ]pd-tØ°v sIm≠p hcnI F∂v AXn-t\mSv ]dbp-

Ibpw \nt£-]-ßƒ ]pdØp h∂p Ahs\ ]n¥p-S-cp-IbpwsN

øpw. as‰mcp cnhm-b-Øn¬ ]d-bp∂p: Rm≥ Chs\ sIm√p-I

bpw Pohn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ \nßƒ Fs‚ Imcy-

Øn¬ kwi-bn-°ptam F∂v Z÷m¬ P\-ß-tfmSv tNmZn-°pw.

Cs√∂v P\-ßƒ adp-]Sn ]d-bpw. A\¥cw Z÷m¬ Ahs\

sIm√p-Ibpw ho≠pw Pohn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. as‰mcp cnhm-b-

Øn¬ ]d-bp-I-bmWv: Ahs‚ IqsS sdm´nbpsS aebpw sh≈

Øns‚ tXmSpw D≠m-Ipw. as‰mcp cnhm-b-Øn¬ ]d-bp-I-bmWv:

Z÷m¬ Hcp shfpØ Igp-X-∏p-dØv ]Xy-£-s∏-Spw. B Igp-

X-bpsS Hcp sNhn apX¬ as‰ sNhn hsc 70 hmc AI-e-ap-≠m

hpw'' (an-ivIm-Øv, InØm-_p¬ ^nØ≥).

anivIm-Ønse ]e cnhm-b-Øp-I-fn¬\n∂v kwK-ln®p

tN¿Øn-´p≈ Z÷m-ens\ kw_-‘n® hnh-cW-am-Wn-Xv. C\n

\ap°v t\m°m-\p-≈Xv Cu Z÷m¬ Bcm-Wv, Ah≥ h∂pIgn

t™m C√tbm F∂-Xm-Wv. Cu Imcy-Øn¬ ]Y-a-K-W-\obw

Ad-_n-`m-j-bn¬ Z÷m¬ F∂ ]Z-Øn\v F¥v A¿∞w ]d-

bp∂p F∂ ]cn-tim-[-\-bm-Wv. Z÷m¬ F∂ ]Z-Øn\v Bdv

A¿∞-ßfmWv Ad-_n-`m-j-bn¬ D≈-Xv.

110 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

1. `b-¶-c-amb Ifhp ]d-bp-∂-h≥.

2. ad-bv°p-∂-h≥. Ad-_n-bn¬ qØ]ÖfÃn† F∂p ]d-™m

¬ bmsXmcp ]gp-Xp-an-√m-Ø-hn[w H -I-Øns‚ icocw ssaem©n-

sIm≠v Ah≥ aqSn-sb-∂m-Wv. Z÷m¬ F∂ ]Zw CtX aqeØn

¬ \n∂p-¤-hn-®-Xm-sW∂v XmPp¬ Adq-kn¬ ]d-bp∂p:

ŸÞùäümÃÜù]Ÿ…šÒÛ^]áù]Öãß^ðmÃÜù]ÖrŠ‚ssaem©n ico-c-sØ-sb∂t]mse Ah≥ `qansb apgp-h

≥ ad®p If-bpw.

3. temIØv k©mcw \S-Øp-∂-h≥. Ad_n mjm-\n-L≠p-

hn¬ Cßs\ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p:

qØ]Ö†qØ]ƒ]Î_ÄÞç]uo]Ÿ…š‰n†÷]Hcmƒ temI-k-©mcw sNbvXm¬ ZP-e¿dPvep F∂p ]dbpw.

4. henb Ipt_-c≥, \nt£-]-I≥. kz¿Æ-Øn\pw Z÷m¬

F∂p ]d-bpw.

5. henb P\-k-aq-l-Øn\pw Z÷m¬ F∂v ]dbpw

]ÖùjoiÇjo]Ÿ…šeÓ%†é]â×ã^hy‡n-I-fpsS B[n-Iy-Øm¬ temIsØ ad-®p-I-f-bp∂ P\-

°q-´w.

6. ]ÖùjoivÛØ]ÖÛj^Å]Öjr^…é Z÷m¬ F∂ ]Zw I®-hS kmam

\-ßƒ t]dn-s°m≠v k©-cn-°p∂ P\-°q-´-Øn\pw D]-tbm-

Kn-°pw.

Cu F√m A¿∞-ßfpw hnizm-k-tbm-Kyhpw kp]-kn-≤hp-

amb XmPp¬Adqkv F∂ Ad-_n\nL≠p-hn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn

bn-´p-≈-h-bm-Wv. Cu A¿∞-ßƒ ap≥\n-dpØn t\m°p-tºmƒ

Z÷m¬, Xß-fpsS I®-h-S-®-c-°p-I-fp-ambn temIw apgp-h≥ k©-

cn-°p∂ hºn-s®mcp P\-k-aq-l-am-sW∂v a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.

Ah-cpsS sXmgn¬ I®-h-S-am-bn-cn-°pw. Ah¿ henb kº-∂cm-

bn-cn-°pw. temIwapgp-h≥ Ah¿ k©mcw sIm≠v XcWw sN

øpw. aX-]-c-ambn `b-¶-c-amb I≈-hn-izm-k-Øn¬ ASn-bp-d-®-h-

cm-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 111

C\n, Cu hnh-c-W-sØbpw apI-fn¬ tN¿Ø lZo-Yp-I-fn

se hnh-c-W-sØbpw kwtbm-Pn-∏n®v t\m°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Z

÷m¬ F∂-Xp-sIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏- Xv C°m-eØv temIw apgp-

h\pw ]c-∂n-´p≈, ]›n-a-cm-Py-ß-fnse ssIkvXh P\-X-bm

sW∂v a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bpw. apI-fn¬ ]d-™ F√m e£W-

ßfpw ]Xy-£-ambnXs∂ Ah-cn¬ sXfn™p ImWp-∂p. H‰-

°-Æ-\m-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂-Xns‚ kqN\ Ah-cpsS `uXn-I-Xz-am-Wv.

AXm-bXv Ah-cpsS B≤ym-fln-I-X-bpsS IÆp aqS-s∏-´n-cn-°p-

Ibpw euInI IÆv \√-Xp-t]mse Xpd-∂n-cn-°p-Ibpw sN-øpw.

Ah-cpsS c≠v IÆp-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ Im^n¿ F∂v Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-

≠m-Ip-sa∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ kmcw˛ Fgp-Ø-dn-bp-∂-hcpw A√m-

Ø-h-cp-amb F√m kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°pw Adn-bm≥ Ign-bp∂

sX‰mb hnizm-kw, Cukm-\_n ssZh-am-sW∂ hnizmkw Ah-

cpsS ][m\ e£-W-am-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂m-Wv. BIm-i- q-an-I-fn¬kzm

[o\w sNep-Øp-I, Pohn-∏n-°pI apX-emb e£-W-ßƒ Ah-

cpsS imkvX hn⁄m-\-Øn-s‚bpw I≠p-]n-Sn-Ø-ß-fp-sSbpw

i‡n-sbbpw cmjvSob kmº-Øn-I-tam-[m-hn-Xz-sØ-bp-amWv

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Aß-s\-b-√-¶n¬, A√m-lp-hns‚ A[n-Im-c-

Øn¬s∏´ Cu Imcy-ßsf√mw krjvSn-I-fp-ambn _‘-s∏-SpØp-

∂Xv ssZh-Zq-j-W-am-Ip-∂p. Z÷m-temSpIqSn kz¿§ \c-I-ßƒ

D≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ A¿∞w, GsXmcph≥ Ah

tcm-Sp-IqSn tNcp-Ibpw Ah-cpsS I¬]\ A\p-k-cn-°p-Ibpw

Ah-cpsS aXw hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂pthm Ah\v _mlyam

bn Hcp kz¿§w e`n-°p-Ibpw GsXm-cp-h≥ Ah-cpsS Zp¿t_m[-

\-bn¬\n∂pw sX‰mb hnizm-k-Øn¬ \n∂pw AI∂p \nev°p

∂pthm Ah\v _mly-ambn Hcp \c-I-bm-X\ A\p- -hn-t°≠nh-

cn-Ibpw sNøp-sa-∂m-Wv. F∂m¬, bYm¿∞-Øn¬ B kz¿§w

\c-Ihpw B \cIw kz¿§-hp-am-bn-cn-°pw. Ah-tcm-sSm-∂n®v A∏-

Øns‚ aebpw shf--f-Øns‚ tXmSpw D≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂-Xns‚

A¿∞w Hcp hymJym\w Bh-iy-an-√m-Ø-hn[w hy‡-am-Wv. c

≠v ImXp-Iƒ°n-S-bn-ep≈ AIew tIhew 70 hmc-bm-bn-cn-°p

∂ Igp-X-sIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏-´Xv _mlym¿∞-Øn-ep≈ Igp-

X-b-√. ]m›m-Xy-cpsS I≠p-]n-SnØhpw ]gb ImesØ khm-

cn-bmb Igp-X-bpsS ÿm\w hln-°p-∂-Xp-amb Xoh-≠n-bmWv.

112 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

Igp-X-bpsS sNhnsIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏-´Xv Xoh-≠n-bpsS c≠-

‰-ß-fn-en-cn-°p∂ ssUhdpw Km¿Up-amWv! Xoh-≠n-bpsS \of-

amWv c≠v sNhn-Iƒ°n-S-bn-ep≈ AI-e-ambn ]d-b-s∏-´n-cn-°p-

∂-Xv. Xoh-≠n-bpsS \ofhpw Gsd-°psd 70 hmc-bm-Ip-∂p. ta¬]-

d™ e£-W-ß-sf√mw ]m›m-Xy-P-\-ß-fn¬ FX hy‡-ambn

ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh∂p t\m°p-I. Ah-km-\-Im-eØv Z÷m¬ ]pd-

s∏-Sp-sa∂v ]d-™-Xp-sIm≠v a\- n-em-Ip-∂Xv Ah≥ aptºbp

≈-h-\m-sW-∂m-Wv. Nne lZo-Yp-Ifpw Cu kwKXn kqNn-∏n°p-

∂p-≠v. F∂m¬, aptº Ah≥ Ahs‚ cmPyØv _‘\-ÿ\m-

bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Jnbm-a-Øn-\-SpØv ]Xm-]-tØm-Sp-IqSn ]pdØp

hcn-Ibpw apgp-h≥ temIØpw ]c-°p-Ibpw sN-øpw. AXv Aß

s\-Øs∂ kw -hn-®p. ]m›mXy P\-ßƒ aptº Ah-cpsS cmPy-

ß-fn¬ Dd-ßn-°-gn-bp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬, Ah¿ DW¿∂p

`qapJw apgp-h≥ hym]n-®n-cn-°p-I-bmWv C∂v.

\_n Xncp-ta\n, Z÷m-ens\ Hcp H‰ hy‡n-bpsS cq]

Øn¬ I≠ ÿnXn°v Ah≥ Fß-s\-bmWv Hcp P\-k-aq-l

am-bn-Øo-cp-∂-sX∂ kwibw A¿∞-c-ln-X-am-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬,

\_n Xncp-ta\n B ImgvN I≠Xv B≤ym-flnI Z¿i-\-Øn-em-

bn-cp-∂p. AXn-s\-∏‰n _pJm-cn-bn¬ ]d-bp-∂Xv C]-Im-c-amWv:

enßß^]Þ^Þ^ñÜº]›çÍe^ÖÓÃfèôRm≥ Dd-ßn-s°m-≠n-cns° IAv_ ]Z-£nWw sNøp-∂-

Xmbn I≠p.

kz]v\-ßƒ Ft∏mgpw hymJym\ hnt[-b-am-sW∂ kwKXn

k¿∆-cmepw kΩ-Xn-°-s∏-´-Xm-Wv. kz]v\-Øn¬ ]e-t∏mgpw hy

‡n kaq-lsØ ]Xn-\n-[m\w sNøp-∂p. DZm-l-c-W-ambn CuPn-

]vXnse cmPmhv Ggv sIm√sØ £ma-sØ-∏‰n Ggv saen™

]ip-°-sf-bmWv kz]v\-Øn¬ I≠-sX∂v kqdx-bq-kp-^n¬ ]d-

bp-∂p. AXn\v lZvdØv bqkp v \_n(-A) hymJym\w \¬Inb

Xv Hcp ]ip, Hcp sIm√sØ apgp-h≥ \m¬°m-en-Isf amXa√

apgp-h≥ P¥p-Pm-e-ßsf-Øs∂bpw ]Xn-\n-[m\w sNøp-∂p-sh-

∂m-Wv. ]ip saen-™Xp I≠Xv £ma-sØbpw Ggv ]ip-°sf

I≠Xv Ggp sIm√sØ £ma-sØbpw BWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂sX

∂pw At±lw hymJym-\n-®p. Aßs\ F√m Poh-Pm-e-ßƒ°pw

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 113

]Icw I≠Xv Hcp ]ip-hn-s\-bmWv. CtX-]-Imcw Xs∂-bmWv

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n°v Z÷m-en-s\bpw Hcp hy‡n-bpsS cq]-Øn¬

A√mlp ImWn®p sImSp-Ø-Xv. AXv Z¿i-\-cq-]m-fl-I-amb mj-

tbmSpw XnI®pw tbmPn®XpXs∂-bm-Ip-∂p. Npcp-°-Øn¬ Z÷m

¬ F∂-Xp-sIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏- Xv Hcp hy‡n-b-s√∂pw t\sc-

a-dn-®v, C°m-eØv ssIkvXh P\-X-bpsS cq]-Øn¬ ]Xy-£

s∏´ hºn-s®mcp P\-k-aq-l-am-sW-∂p-ap-≈-XmWv hmkvX-hw.

AXn-\p≈ sXfn-hp-Iƒ Xmsg ]d-bp-∂-h-bmWv:-˛

1. Ad_n mj-bn¬ Hcp kaq-l-Øn\pw Z÷m¬ F∂p ]d

bpw. AXn-\m¬ AsXmcp hy‡n Btb Xocq F∂n-√.

2. Z÷m-ens\ kw_-‘n®v ]d-b-s∏- n- p≈ Ipg-∏hpw Ah\p-

≠m-bn-cn-t°≠ Ign-hp-Ifpw Hcp hy‡n-bn¬ Hcp-an®pIqSp-Isb-

∂Xv _p≤n°pw bp‡n°pw tbmPn-°m-Ø-Xm-Wv.

3. Z÷m-ens‚ e£-W-ßƒ hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn D]-tbm-

Kn-°-s∏- n- p≈ ]Z-ß-sf-∏‰n Nn¥n-°p-tºmƒ B ]h-N-\-Øn¬

D]-am-e-¶m-c-ßƒ°v ÿm\w \evI-s∏- n- p-s≠∂v \√-Xp-t]mse

a\- n-em-Ip-∂p. _mlym¿∞-ambn FSp-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ \DuZp-

_n-√m, Z÷m-en\v Nne ssZhnI i‡n-I-fp-s≠∂v kΩ-Xn-t°

≠n hcpw.

4. Z÷m-en\v ]d-b-s∏-´n-´p≈ F√m e£-W-ßfpw ssIkv

Xh P\-X-I-fn¬ sXfn™p ImWp-∂p-≠v.

5. Z÷m-ens‚ Ipg∏w G‰hpw henb Ipg-∏-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂m

Wv ]d-b-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ssIkvXh P\-X-bpsS AXn- u-XnI

Xbpw aXXØz-hpw C∂v aX-Øn\pw ssZh-hn-izm-k-Øn\pw hcp-

Øn-Øo¿Øn- p≈ sISpXn apsºm-cn-°epw D≠m-bn- n-s√∂pw ta

en¬ D≠m-Ip-sa∂v hnNm-cn-°m≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-s√∂pw A\p`hw

a\- n-em°nØcp-∂p. IqSmsX G‰hpw henb Ipg∏w InkvXp-a-

X-Øn-s‚-Xm-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂mWv kqdx- m-Øn-lbpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

6. \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n aZo-\-bnse Hcp blqZ bphm-hmb C_v\p-

k-øm-Zns\ kw_-‘n®v At±lw ]n∂oSv apkvenambn˛ Z÷m

em-sW∂ kwibw ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. Ah≥ Z÷m-em

sW∂v \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS apºn¬ sh®v lZvdØv Da¿ kXyw

114 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

sNbvXp ]d-™-t∏mƒ Xncp-ta\n AXns\ \ntj-[n-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXn-√(-an-iv°m-Øv). C_v\pk-øm-Zn-em-h-s´, Z÷m-ens‚

e£-W-ß-fn¬ ]e-Xpw ImW-s∏-´n-cp-∂-Xp-an-√. \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n

bpw kzlm-_Øpw Z÷m-ens\ kw_-‘n® ]h-N-\sØ Be

¶m-cn-I-am-bn- mWv I≠n-cp-∂-sX∂pw F√m e£-W-ßfpw A£

cm¿∞-Øn¬ ]I-S-ambn ImtW-≠Xv Bh-iy-ambn Icp-Xn-bncp-

∂n-s√-∂p-amWv CXn¬\n∂v hy‡-ambn sXfn-bp-∂-Xv.

7. Z÷m-ens‚ Ipg-∏-Øn¬\n∂v c£-]m-]n-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn

kqdx Ilv nse ]mcw- -h-N-\-ßƒ HmXn-s°m-≠n-cn-°m≥ \_n-

Xn-cp-ta\n D]-tZ-in-®n-´p-≠v. kqdxIlv^ns‚ ]mcw` hN-\-ß-

fnse ]Xn-]mZyw InkvXp-a-X-Øns‚ sX‰mb hnizm-k-ß-fpsS

Jfi-\-am-Wv.

Xs‚ Zmk\v Cu KŸw Cd-°n-s°m-SpØ A√m-lp-hn-\m

Wv F√m kvXpXn-bpw......... A√mlp X\n-°mbn Hcp ]pXs\

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 115

kzoI-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p F∂v ]d-bp-∂-h¿°v ap∂-dn-bn∏v \evIp-∂Xn

\pth≠n-bmWv (Cu KŸw Cd-°n-bn- p-≈-Xv). Ah¿t°m Ah-

cpsS ]nXm-°ƒt°m AXp kw_-‘n® Hc-dn-hp-an-√. Ah-cpsS

apJ-Øp-\n∂v ]pd-s∏-Sp∂ hm°p-Iƒ Kpcp-X-c-am-b-Xm-Wv. I≈-

a-√msX Ah¿ ]d-bp-∂n-√.................

C°m-eØv Akm-[m-c-W-amb \ne-bn¬ ]Xm]w ]m]n°p-

Ibpw temIw apgp-h≥ hym]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn- p≈ ssIkvXh

P\X-bmWv Z÷m¬ F∂-Xn-te°v CXn¬ Ihn™ sXfnhv a

s‰-¥mWv th≠Xv? Cu Z÷m-ens‚ Z÷m-en-øØv Ah-cpsS

`uXn-I-Xbpw sX‰mb hnizm-k-ß-fp-am-Wv. IÆp-≈-h¿ I≠p

sIm-≈-s´. lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) At±-l-Øns‚ FXn-cm-fn-I-

fmb aue-hn-amsc kwt_m-[\w sNbvXp-sIm≠v FX wKnbm-

bmWv Hcn-SØv Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv! At±lw ]d-bp-I-bmWv:

"Z÷m¬' A¤pX krjvSn-bmb Hcp hy‡n-bm-sW∂v IcpXn

\nßƒ ImØn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. F∂m¬, \nß-fpsS km¶¬]nI-

amb B Z÷m-ens‚ ]nXm-hn-\p-t]mepw Btem-Nn-°m≥ Ign-

bmØ b-¶-c-amb h©-\bpw Ipg-∏-hp-amWv \nß-fpsS I¨ap

∂n¬ ]Xy£-s∏´p sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv'. ^^vlap hX-Z∫dq.

8. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS A\pbmbn-I-fn¬ Hcm-fmb XaowZmcn

X\n-°p-≠mb Hcp kz]v\-Øn¬ Z÷m-ens\ Hcp N¿®n¬ _

‘n-°-s∏´ \ne-bn¬ I≠-Xmbn kzlolv apkvenw tcJ-s∏-SpØp-

∂p. C°mcyw At±lw Xncp-ta-\n-tbmSpw Xncp-ta\n P\ß-tfmSpw

]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. N¿®n¬\n∂v ]pd-tØ°p hcp∂-h¿ Bcm-

bn-cn°pw F∂Xv Btem-Nn-®-dn-bm-hp∂ Imcy-am-W-t√m.

\mem-asØ AS-bmfw

\mem-asØ AS-bmfw bAvPqPv aAvPqPv ]q¿Æ-]-Xm-]-

tØmsS ]Xy-£-s∏-Spw, temI-Øns‚ \√-`m-K-ß-fn¬ `qcn-`m

Khpw kzm[o-\-s∏-Sp-Øpw. At∏mƒ P\-X-Iƒ ]c-kv]cw iXp

°-fmbn amdp-Ibpw sNøpw F∂-Xm-Wv. CXp-kw-_-‘n®v hnip≤

Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂p.

116 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

"bAvPqPv aAvPqPv Xpd-∂n-f-°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ Ah¿ F√m

]oT ]tZ-i-ß-fn¬\n∂pw ]m™p hcpw' (hn.Jp. 21:97).

""A∂m-fn¬ P\-X-Iƒ ]c-kv]cw FXn-cmbn Fgp-t∂¬°pw.

At∏mƒ Hcp Imlfw DuX-s∏-Spw. ]n∂oSv F√m-h-scbpw \mw

Hcp-an®p Iq´p-Ibpw sNøpw'' (hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥, 18:100). CXp-

kw-_-‘n®v lZo-Yn¬ C]-Imcw ]d-bp∂p:

EÚÓFçéD mfÃ&]Ö×#äm^qçtæÚ^qçtæâÜÚàÒØùu‚hõmùßŠ×çá

#"A√mlp bAvPqPv aAvPqPns\ Fgp-t∂ev]n°pw; Ah¿

F√m ]oT ]tZ-i-ß-fn¬\n∂pw ]m™ph∂psIm≠n-cn-°pw'(an-

ivIm-Øv).

bAvPqPv aAvPqPv F∂-Xp-sIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏-´n-´p-≈Xv

Cw•o-jp-Imcpw djy-°m-cp-am-sW∂v \mw a\- n-em-t°-≠n-bncn-

°p-∂p. ss__n-fn¬ Cu kwKXn hni-Z-ambn ]Xn-]m-Zn-°-s∏-

´n-´p≠v (sb-sl-kvtI¬ 38:39) A≤ym-b-ßfpw shfn-∏mSpw t\m

°p-I). lZoYn¬ ]d-™n- p≈ e£-W-ßfpw bAvPqPv aAvPqPv

Cu P\-X-I--fm-sW-∂mWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. aptº Cu P\-X-I

ƒ Zp¿∫-em-h-ÿ-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p. ]n∂oSv A√mlp Ah¿°v u

Xn-I-amb A`n-hr≤n \evIn. Ah¿ temI-Øns‚ qcn- mKw kzm

[o-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw hfsc i‡n kºm-Zn-°p-IbpwsNbvXp. Ah-

cpsS Cu A`n-hr≤n apgp-h\pw C°m-eØv D≠m-b-Xm-Wv. aptº

sbm-cn-°epw Ah¿°v CØ-c-sam-c-hÿ kz]v\w ImWm≥t]m

epw km[n-®n-cp-∂n-√. Ahcpw a‰p≈ P\-X-Ifpw At\ym\yw

iXp-°-fmbn Fgp-t∂ev°p-sa-∂Xv ]Xy-£-Øn¬ ImWp∂

Imcy-am-Wv. AXn\p hymJym-\-sam∂pw Bh-iy-an-√. Hcp Imlf-

aq-Xs∏-Sp-sa∂v ]d-™-Xp-sIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏- Xv akolv auDu-

Zns‚ BK-a-\-am-Ip-∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬, A√m-lp-hns‚ ZqX∑m¿

Hcp Iml-f-Øns‚ tPmen \n¿∆-ln-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv. AXm-b-Xv,

A√mlp Ahs‚ i_vZsØ Ah¿ apJm-¥cw P\-ßƒ°v

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 117

FØn-°p-∂p. ]ns∂ Ah¿ apJm¥cw Ah≥ P\-ßsf Hcp

tIµ-Øn¬ Hcp-an®p Iq´p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Ct∏mgpw AXp-t]m-

se-Øs∂ \S°pw; A√, \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. F∂m¬,

GXp-]-Imcw ]ndhn-N-µ≥ an°-h¿°pw ImW-Ø-°-Xm-bn-cn°p-

∂n-√tbm A]-Imcw F√m ]cn-h¿Ø-\-ßfpw Bcw-`-Øn¬

]I-S-am-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√. ]t£, Ia-Øn¬ Ia-Øn¬ AXv hf¿

∂ph∂p ]q¿Æ-N-µ-s\-t∏mse ]Im-i-am-bn-Øo-cpw. _p≤n-bp≈-

h¿ Btem-Nn-®p-sIm≈s´.

A©m-asØ AS-bmfw

A©m-asØ AS-bmfw akolv auDu-Zns‚ ImeØv Ckv

emans‚ ÿnXn Xptemw timNy-am-bn-cn°pw F∂-Xm-Wv. AXm

b-Xv, apkvenwIƒ blq-Z-sc-t∏m-se-bmIpw; Ah-cpsS De-am-°fp

sS Ahÿ FXbpw \nIr-„am-bn-cn°pw; apkvenwIƒ°n-S-bn¬

òa-amb Ass\-Iyhpw n∂n-∏p-ap-≠mIpw; kXy-hn-izmkw temI

Øp\n∂v A¥¿≤m\w sNøpw. \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n ]d-bp∂p:

ÖjjfÃàù‰ßàÚàÎf×þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³ÓÜf†÷]ef†õæƒ…]Â÷ê„…]Åõuj#o

Öçì×ç]qv†•g)ÖjfÃjÛçâÜ³ÎnØm^…‰þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³çÙ]Ö×#ä

]Önãçæ]Ößù’^…Fp³Î^ÙÊÛàæÊo…æ]mèõm„âg]Ö’^Övçá

æmfÏFouË^Öè÷ÒvË^Öè]ÖÃn†]æ]Öjùþ³þ³Û†Ÿmf^ÖnãÜ]Ö×#äe^Öè÷³

æÊo…æ]mèõÎ^Ù…‰çÙ]Ö×#ä‘×ÃÜmçÔ]ŸÚÜ]ái‚]ÂFo

Â×nÓÜÒþ³þ³Ûî‚]Âo]Ÿ6Ò×è]ÖFoÎ’Ãjã^³Î^ÙÎ^ñØºæÚàÎ×ùèõ

ÞvàmçÚò„õ[Î^ÙeØ]ÞjÜmçÚò„õÒ%n†ºæùŸÒßùÓÜÆ%«ðºÒÇ%«ð

]ÖŠþ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³nØÖnßˆÂàù]Ö×#äÚà‘‚æ…Â‚æùÒÜ]ÖÛãêèÚßþ³þ³þ³ÓÜ

æ]ÖnÏ„ÊàùÊoÎ×çeÓÜ]Öçâà³Î^ÙÎ^ñØºm^…‰þ³þ³þ³þ³çÙ]Ö×#äæÚ^

118 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

]Öçâà³Î^Ùugù]Ö‚ùÞn^æÒ†]ânè]ÖÛþ³çl³æÊo…æ]mèõÎ^Ù

mÓþ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³çáeÃ‚p]ñÛùèºŸùmãj‚æáeã‚]pæŸmŠjßùçáeŠßùjo

æ‰nÏçÝÊnãÜ…q^ÙºÎ×çeãÜÎ×çh]ÖnF_nàÊoq%Û^á]Þ‹

³æÊo…æ]mèõÂ×Û«ñãÜ†ùÚàivk]mÜ]ÖŠùþ³þ³þ³þ³þ³Û«ð³æÊo

…æ]mèõæm†ÊÄ]ÖÃ×ÜæmÓ%†]ÖrãØæmÓ%†]ÖùÞ^æmÓþ³þ³þ³%††h

]Öíþ³þ³þ³þ³Û†³æÊo…æ]mèõiËj†Ñ]ÚùjoÂ×Fo$¡'õæ‰fÃnàÊ†Îèõ

Ò×ùãÜÊo]Öß^…]Ÿùæ]u‚é÷æâo]ÖrÛ^Âè³æÊo…æ]mèõÖçÒ^á

EÚÓFçéD ]ŸmÛ^áÂß‚]Ö%ù†mù^Öß^Öäü…qØºÚùà]âØ]ÖË^…Œ³

A√tbm apkvenwItf, \n›-b-ambpw \nßƒ \nßƒ°v

aptºbp-≈-h-cpsS sNbvXn-Isf Nhn-´-Sn-tXmdpw A\p-K-an°pw;

NmWn\p NmWm-bpw, apg-Øn\p apg-am-bpw. Ah¿ Hcp DSp-ºns‚

s]mØn¬ IS-∂n-´p-s≠-¶n¬ \nßfpw AXn¬ IS-°pw. kzlm-

_m-°ƒ tNmZn®p. A√m-lp-hns‚ dkq-te, aptºbp-≈-h¿ F∂p

]d-™-Xp-sIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv blq-Zcpw InkvXym-\nI-

fp-amtWm? Xncp-ta\n DØ-c-a-cpfn: Ah-c-√msX a‰mcv? as‰mcp

cnhm-b-Øn¬ ]d-bp∂p: kzmen-lo-ßƒ Ign™pt]mIpw. ]Xn-

cp-amXw Ah-ti-jn-°pw; bh-Øn-s‚tbm CuØ-∏-g-Øn-s‚tbm

]Xn-cp-t]m-se. A√mlp AØcw Bfp-Isf Xosc hne-sh-°p

I-bn-√. as‰mcp cnhm-b-Øn¬ ]d-bp∂p: \nßƒ°-Xn-cmbn a‰p

P\-X-Iƒ At\ym\yw klm-b-Øn\v £Wn-°p∂ Imew ASp

Øn-cn-°p-∂p; DÆm-\n-cn-°p-tºmƒ Ahs‚ tai-bn-te°v a‰p≈-

hsc £Wn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse. AXm-bXv \nßƒ a‰p-≈-h-cpsS

Blm-c-am-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw \nßsf £n-∏m-\mbn Ah¿ At\ym

\yw £Wn-°p-IbpwsNøpw. Hcmƒ tNmZn®p:A√m-lp-hns‚ ZqX-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 119

tc, A∂m-fn¬ Rßƒ FÆ-Øn¬ Ipd-™-h-cm-bn-cn-°ptam?

RßfpsS FÆ-°p-dhp sIm≠m-bn-cn-°ptam Rßƒ°v B

ÿnXn t\cn-SpI? Xncp-ta\n adp-]Sn ]d-™p. A√, \nßƒ A

∂v FÆ-Øn¬ hfsc A[n-I-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw˛ ]t£, sh≈s∏m-

°-Øn-\p-tijw Pem-i-b-ß-fpsS XocØv ImW-s∏-Sp∂ N≠n

°p Xpey-am-bn-cn-°pw \nßƒ. AXm-bXv \nßƒ tIhew \nIr-

jvShpw \ncp-]-tbm-K-hp-amb Ah-ÿ-bn-em-bn-cn-°pw. A√mlp

iXp-°-fpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬\n∂v \nßsf kw_-‘n® i¶bpw

`oXnbpw AI-‰n-°-f-bpw. \nß-fpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬ Zu¿_ey

t_m[w ISØnhnSpw. Hcp kzlm_n tNmZn®p: A√m-lp-hns‚

dkq-te, Zu¿∫-ey-t_m[w F∂m-se-¥mWv? Xncp-ta\n ]Xnh-

Nn®p: AXv temI-tØmSp≈ kvt\lhpw ac-W-tØm-Sp≈ t]Sn-

bp-am-Wv. AXm-b-Xv, `ocpXzw \nanØw k¬°¿Ω-ß-fn¬\n∂v

]n¥n-cn-™p-I-f-bpw. as‰mcp cnhm-b-Øn¬ ]d-bp∂p: F\n-°p-

tijw Hcp ImeØv Fs‚ am¿§-Z¿i\w kzoI-cn-°m-Ø-hcpw

Fs‚ kp∂Øv A\p-k-cn-°m-Ø-h-cp-amb De-am-°ƒ D≠m-hp-

∂-Xm-Wv. Fs‚ DΩ-Øn¬ lrZbw ssiØm-s‚bpw icocw a

\p-jy-s‚-Xp-amb P\-ßƒ P\n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. as‰mcp cnhm-

b-Øn¬ ]d-bp∂p: Fs‚ DΩ-Ønse De-am-°ƒ BIm-i-Øn\p

Iogn¬ G‰hpw \nIr-jvS-cmb Pohn-I-fm-bn-cn-°pw. as‰mcp cnhmb-

Øn¬ ]d-bp∂p: ⁄m\w FSp-°-s∏´p t]mIpw. A⁄m\w

]c-°p-Ibpw, hy`n-Nm-cw, aZy-]m\w F∂o Ip‰-ßƒ h¿≤n-°p-

Ibpw sNøpw. as‰mcp cnhm-b-Øn¬ ]d-bp∂p: Fs‚ DΩØv

Fgp-]-Øn-aq∂v n¿J-Øp-I-fmbn th¿]n-cn-bpw. AXn¬ Fgp]

Øn c≠v ^n¿J-Øp-Ifpw hgn-tI-Snepw H∂p-amXw t\¿h-gn-bn

ep-am-bn-cn-°pw. as‰mcp cnhm-b-Øn¬ ]d-bp∂p: kXy-hn-izmkw

temI-Øp-\n∂v A¥¿≤m\w sNøpw. F∂m¬, AXv Ypdøm

F∂ \£-X-Øn-te°v t]mI-bm-sW-¶nepw mcnkn hwi°m-

c-\mb Hcmƒ AXns\ aS-°n-s°m≠p hcpw (an-ivIm-Øv, InXm

_p¬^n-X≥).

hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ ako-lns‚ BK-a-\-Im-esØ apkvenw

I-fpsS NnXw Xncp-ta\n Xs∂ hc-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv Cß-s\-bmWv.

C\n C°m-esØ apkvenwI-fpsS NnX-hp-ambn Cu NnXw FX-

amXw A\p-tbm-Py-am-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂ Imcyw hmb-\-°m¿Xs∂

]cn-tim-[n®p t\m°-s´. apkvenwIfpsS Ahÿ CX-amXw

120 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

A[x-]-Xn-°p-Ibpw hj-fm-hp-Ibpw sNbvX Hcp Imew C∂tØ-

Xp-t]mse \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n°p tijw Hcn-°-ep-ap-≠m-bn-´n-s√∂v

Rßƒ°v ss[cy-k-taXw ]d-bm≥ Ign-bpw. Hcp hni-Zo-I-c-W-

am-h-iy-an-√mØ hn[w AXbpw ]Xy-£-amb kwK-Xn-bm-WnXv.

I¿Ω-Øn¬ Ae-k-cm-b-Xn\p ]pdta hnizm-k-Ønepw apkvenw

Iƒ A‘-cm-bn-Øo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p. hnizm-k-Im-cy-ß-fn¬ Ah¿

At\ym\yw n∂n®pw AI∂pw Ign-bp-∂p. a‰p Imcy-ßtfmt]mI-

s´, A√m-lp-hns‚ KpW-ßsf kw_-‘n®p t]mepw Ah-cn¬

hºn® A`n-]m-b-hy-Xym-k-ap-≠v. hnizm-k-sØ-∏‰n ]d-bp-Ibm

sW¶n¬ 99 iX-am\w apkvenwIfp-sSbpw lrZ-b-Øn¬\n∂v

kXy-hn-izmkw am™p-t]m-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. A√mlp Ds≠∂v

hmbvsIm-≠-h¿ kΩ-Xn-°p-sa-¶nepw bYm¿∞-Øn¬ lrZbw

sIm≠p \ntj-[n-°p-∂-h-cm-W-h¿. ]tcm-£-ambn Ah¿ \ncoiz-

c-Xz-Øn\p Cc-bm-bn-Øo¿∂n-cn-°-bm-Wv. Npgn™p tNmZn-®m¬

ssZhm-kvXnIyw kw_-‘n®v Ah¿ At\Iw kwi-b-ß-fn¬

IpSp-ßn-°n-S-°p-I-bm-sW∂v a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bpw. \_n-Xncp-

ta-\nsb kw_-‘n-®p≈ hnizm-k-Ønepw Ah¿ Dd-s®m-c-hÿ-

bn-e√ ÿnXn sNøp-∂-Xv. Aev]-am-sbmcp Ne-\-ap-≠m-bm¬ a

Xn ASn-sX‰n hogm≥. ac-Wm-\-¥c Pohn-Xw, ]p\-cp-∞m-\w, in

£m-c-£-Iƒ, ae-°p-I-fpsS AkvXnXzw F∂nh tIhew km¶

¬]n-Im-i-b-ß-fm-bn-´mWv Ah¿°v A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.

A√m-lp-hns‚ kmao]yw Ic-ÿ-am-°m≥ aptºbp≈ P\

ßƒ°v klm-b-I-am-bn-Øo¿∂ Bcm-[-\m-am¿§w \njv]t-bm-

P-\hpw \nµy-hp-ambn ho£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥ BZym-

h-km-\w-hsc \ntj-[n-°p-Ibpw \ntcm-[n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ in¿

°v apkvenwI-fpsS F√m tNjvS-I-fnepw Ne-\-ß-fnepw ]Xy£-

s∏- p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Ah¿ [\-Øns‚ ]qP-I≥am-cm-bn-Øo¿

∂n-cn-°p-∂p. A√m-lp-hns‚ al-ØzsØ \n m-c-am-°p∂ hnizm-

k-amWv Ah¿ AXn¬ A¿∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. I_v-dp-I-fn¬ sN∂v

Ah¿ kpPqZv sNøp-∂p. aZy-]m-\w, hy`n-Nm-cw, NqXp-Ifn F∂n-

h-bpsS Itºmfw s]cp-In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bmWv. GsXmcp ]en-

i-sb-∏‰n AXv hmßp-Ibpw sImSp-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h¿ A√m-

lp-hp-ambn bp≤-Øn\v Hcp-ßn-s°m-≈s´ F∂v Xm°oXv sNø-

s∏-´n-cp-∂pthm B ]en-i ape-∏m-en-s\-sb-t∂mWw Bkzm-Zy

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 121

ambn IW-°m-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. apkvenwI-fpsS F√m c-W-Iq-S-ßfpw

Zp¿∫-e-ßfpw s]m≈-bp-am-bn-°n-S-°p-∂p. ssIkvXh Kh¨sa

‚p-Iƒ Ahsb Xß-fpsS Cc-bm-bn-´mWv Icp-Xp-∂-Xv. adp-`m-K

Øv Ckvemans‚ AkvXnXzwXs∂ C∂-s√-¶n¬ \msf C√msX-

bm-Ip-sa∂ Bi-¶-bp-W¿Øp∂ hn[-Øn¬ Ckvemw _mly-

amb BI-a-W-Øn\v hnt[-b-am-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. ]hm-NI

tijvT-\mb lZvdØv apl-ΩZv(k) Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ta¬ sNmcn

b-s∏-SmØ Bt£-]-ß-sfm∂pw _m°n-bn-√. At±-l-Øns‚

]cn-ip≤ ]Xv\n-amcpw hnhn-[-ß-fmb Bt£-]-ßƒ°v e£yam-

°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. CkvemanIm≤ym-]-\-ßsf hnIr-X-cq-]-Øn¬

]I-Sn-∏n®v ]cn-lm-k-]m-X-am-°n-Øo¿Øn-cn-°p-∂p. Ipcn-ip-aXw

]Xm-]-Øns‚ D®w ]m]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. \nco-iz-cXzw X∂-Øm≥

Hcp kpµ-c-cq]w ssIs°m≠v \rØwsh°p-∂p.Npcp-°n-∏-d™m

¬, CkvemanI \uI b-¶-chpw hn]¬°-chpw Bb tImfnepw

sImSp-°m-‰nepw IpSp-ßn-°n-S-°p-I-bm-Wv. AXns\ c£n-°m-\m

bn A√m-lp-hns‚ ssI apt∂m´p hcp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ AXv Ic-]-‰p

I Akm-≤y-am-Wv. CØcw kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ Ckvemans‚ klm-

b-Øn-\mbn ap∂n-ń-d-tß≠ De-am-°ƒ kpjp-]vXn-bn¬ B≠p

InS-°p-I-bm-Wv. F∂pamX-a-√, Ah¿ At\Iw tcmK-ßƒ _m

[n-®-h-cm-bn-cn-°pIbpw sNøp-∂p. Ah-cpsS hnizm-k-Øns‚ \ne-

hm-c-am-sW-¶n¬, GXm\pw sNºp-Im-in\p hnev°-s∏-Sm≥ Xømdp-

≈-hn[w A[x-]-Xn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n \sΩ PmK-Xs∏-

Sp-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ Imehpw Ckvemanse alm\mb apP-±n

Zv, AXm-bXv alvZo akolv hcm≥ \n›-bn-°-s∏´ kµ¿`hpw

CXp-X-s∂-bm-sW∂v ÿnXn-K-Xn-I-sf√mw hnfn-t®m-Xp-∂p-≠v.

Aß-s\-b-√m-Ø-]-£w, Jp¿-B-\n-s\bpw Ckveman-s\bpw c

£n-°p-sa∂pw Ckvemans‚ tkh-\-Øn-\mbn Jeo- -am-scbpw

apP-±n-Zp-am-scbpw Ab-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-sa∂pw A√mlp \evInb

hmKvZm-\w, \Du-Zp-_n√mlv If-hm-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xm-Wv.

Bdm-asØ AS-bmfw

akolns‚bpw alv-Zn-bp-sSbpw Bdm-asØ AS-bm-f-ambn

]d-b-s∏-ń-´p-≈Xv At±-l-Øns‚ ImeØv \n›nX Xnb-Xn-Ifn

¬ kqcy-N-µ-K-l-W-ßƒ D≠m-Ip-sa-∂m-Wv. Camw apl-Ω-Zv_m

Jn¿ C]-Imcw cnhm-bØv sNøp-∂p:

122 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

]áùÖÛã‚mß^!mjnàÖÜÞÓçÞ^Úß„ì×Ð]ÖŠùþ³þ³þ³ÛFçFl

æ]Ÿ…šmßÓŠÌ]ÖÏÛ†ŸæùÙÖn×èÚà…Ú–^á

E]…Î_ßoD æißÓŠÌ]ÖÛ‹Êo]Ößù’ÌÚßä

\ΩpsS alvZn°v c≠v ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ \n›-bn-°-s∏-ń-cn-

°p-∂p. BIm-i-`q-an-Iƒ D≠m-bXp apX¬ Cu ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ

as‰mcp aAvaqdns‚ ImeØpw ]Xy-£-s∏-ń-ń-√. AXm-b-Xv,

Nµ\v da-Zm≥ amk-Øn¬ AXns‚ BZy cmXn-bnepw kqcy\v

AXns‚ \Sp-hnse Znh-k-Ønepw Kl-W-ap-≠m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

(Zm-dp-Jp-Xv\n).

ChnsS BZy-cm-Xn-bn¬ Nµ-K-l-W-ap-≠m-hp-sa∂v ]d-™-

Xns‚ A¿∞w Nµ-K-l-W-Øn-\mbn ]IrXn \n›-bn-®n-´p≈

13,14,15 Xnø-Xn-I-fnse BZysØ cmXn-bn¬ KlWw D≠m-Ip

sa-∂m-Wv. AXp-t]mseXs∂ kqcy\v AXns‚ a≤yZn\-Øn¬

Kl-W-ap-≠m-Ip-sa∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ A¿∞w kqcy-K-l-W-Øn-

\mbn ]IrXn \n›-bn-®n-´p≈ 27,28,29 F∂o Xnø-Xn-I-fnse a

≤y Znh-k-Øn¬ KlWw kw -hn-°p-sa-∂m-Wv. Cu A]q¿∆Zr

jvSm¥w lnPvd 1311 \p kaamb 1894 ¬ G‰hpw hy‡-amb \n

e-bn¬ ]q¿Øn-bm-sb∂v apgp-h≥ temI-Øn\pw Adn-bm-hp-∂-

Xm-Wv. 1311 se da-Zm≥ amk-Øn¬ Nµ\v KlWw _m[n-°p

∂ Znh-k-ß-fn¬ H∂m-asØ Znh-k-amb 13\pw kqcy\v KlWw

_m[n-°p∂ Znh-k-ß-fn¬ \Sp-hn-esØ Znh-k-amb 28\pw Kl-

W-ap-≠m-bn. ]q¿∆m¿≤-tKm-f-Ønepw as‰m-cn-°¬ Ata-cn-°-bn-

epw c≠v ÿeßfnepw lZoYv kqNn-∏n-°p∂ ta¬∏-d™ Xn

ø-Xn-I-fn¬ Xs∂-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. Cu AS-bm-f-sØ-∏‰n lZokv

amX-a-√, hnip≤Jp¿-B\pw kqN\ \evIp-∂p-≠v. Jp¿-B≥ ]d-

bp-∂Xv t\m°pI:

Nµ\v KlWw _m[n°pw kqcy\pw Nµ\pw H∂mbn

tN¿°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw. (hn-ip-≤-Jp¿-B≥, 75:9,10)

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 123

AXm-b-Xv, kqcy\pw AtX amk-Øn¬ KlWw _m[n-

°psa-∂¿∞w.

Cu AS-bmfw ]Xy-£-amb \ne-bn¬Xs∂ ImWn-®p-sIm

≠v, alvZn htc≠ Imew CXp-X-s∂-bmsW∂v \ap°v a\- nem-

°n-Ø-cp-∂p. Cu lZoYv a¿^q-Av As√∂pw AXns‚ IÆn C

amw apl-Ω-Zp-_m-Jn¿hsc FØn \ne®pt]mIp-∂p-sh∂pw Nne¿

Bt£-]n-°m-dp-≠v. AXp-t]m-se-X-s∂, AXn¬ Nµ-K-lWw

da-km≥ amk-Ønse BZysØ cmXn-bnepw kqcy-K-lWw

da-Zms‚ a[y-Zn-h-k-Øn-ep-ap-≠m-Ip-sa-∂mWv ]d-b-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-

sX∂pw AXn-s\-Xn-cmbn Nµ-K-lWw13\pw kqcy-K-lWw 28-

\p-amWv D≠m-b-sX∂pw Bt£-]n-°pI km[m-c-W-am-Wv. Cu

Bt£-]-Øn-\p≈ adp-]Sn CXmWv: ]Xy-£-Øn¬ Cu lZoYv

auJq v Xs∂-bm-Wv. F¶nepw lZoYv hn⁄m-\n-I-fpsS \nba-

]-Imcw Cu cnhm-bØv a¿^q-Av BIp∂p. IqSmsX CXns‚

dmhn Bcm-sW∂pIqSn t\mt°-≠-Xp-≠v. At±lw \_n-Xn-cp

ta-\n-bpsS Alvep_bvØn¬s]´ kpk-Ω-X-\mb hy‡n-b-m

Wv. Alvep¬_bvØn¬s]´ alm∑m¿ Ah-cpsS hy‡n-]-`m-

h-Øns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬ lZo-Yp-dn-t∏m¿´ns‚ IÆn-Isf \_n-

Xn-cp-ta\nhsc FØn-t°-≠Xv Bh-iy-ambn Icp-Xn-bn-cp-∂n-s√-

∂Xv F√m-hcpw kΩ-Xn-°p∂ kwK-Xn-bm-Wv. lZoYv dnt∏m¿´v

sNøp-∂-Xn¬ Ah¿ kzoI-cn-®n-cn-°p∂ Cu ]Xnhv kp]-kn≤-

hp-am-Wv. t]sc-¶n¬ Cu lZoYv Rßƒ \n¿Ωn-®-X-√, 1300sIm√-

ßƒ°v aptºbp-≈-Xm-Wv. c≠m-asØ Bt£-]-sØ-]‰n ]dbp-

I-bm-sW-¶n¬, Nµ\v amk-Øns‚ BZy-Øn¬ KlWw _[n-

°p-∂Xv A√m-lp-hns‚ kp∂Øn\pw ]IrXn \nb-a-Øn\pw

FXn-cm-Ip-∂p. A√mlp \n›-bn® ]IrXn \nbaw Nµ-K-lW-

Øn-\mbn 13,14.15 F∂o Xnb-Xn-I-fpw kqcy-N-µ-K-l-W-Øn-\mbn

27,28,29 F∂o Xnb-Xn-I-fpw ]cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

AXn-\m¬, H∂mw XnbXn F∂-Xp-sIm≠v Cu Znh-k-ß-fn¬

H∂m-asØ Znh-khpw a[y-Xn-bXn F∂-Xp-sIm≠v Cu Znh-k

ß-fn¬ c≠m-asØ Znh-k-hp-amWv Dt±-in-°-s∏- n- p-≈-Xv. Aß-

s\-b-√msX amk-Øns‚ BZy-Zn-h-khpw a[y-Zn-h-khpw Bhm≥

]mSn-√. CXn\v as‰mcp sXfn-hp-Iq-Sn-bp-≠v. amk-Ønse BZycm-

Xn-I-fnse Nµ\v Ad-_n-`m-j-bn¬ "lnem¬' F∂mWv ]d-bp

124 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

I. F∂m¬, lZo-Yn¬ "Ja¿' F∂mWv ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. amk-

Øns‚ BZy-cm-Xn-b√ Dt±-in-°-s∏-´n-´p-≈-sX∂v CXn¬\n∂v

\√-Xp-t]mse a\- n-em-Ip-∂p-≠v. CXn\pw ]pd-sa, Cu XnøXn-

Isf kw_-‘n®v apkvenw De-am-°ƒ CtX hymJym-\-amWv C

Xp-h-scbpw \evIn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂-Xv. A[p-\m-X-\-Im-esØ Hcp

alm-]-fin-X-\mb auehn apl-ΩZv kmln_v emtJm-s°-hmse

Cu AS-bmfw ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\p aptº Fgp-Xnb Hcp ]Zy-

i-I-e-am-WnXv:

Cu ]Zy-Øn¬ auehn kmln_v 28\p ]Icw 27˛mw XnbXn-

bmWv Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≈-Xv. Aß-s\-sbmcp sX‰v At±-l-Øn\v

]‰n-bn- p-s≠-¶nepw Rßƒ apI-fn¬ ]d™ XØzw At±-lhpw

kΩ-Xn®n´p-s≠∂pthWw ]d-bm≥. F√m-‰n-ep-ap-]-cn-bm-bn, H

∂m-asØ Znhkw sIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏- Xv 13˛mw XnøXnbpw a≤y

Znhkw sIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏- Xv 28˛mw Xnø-Xn-bp-am-sW∂p kw -

hhpw sXfn-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

Npcp-°-Øn¬, B AS-bmfw bmsXmcp Bt£-]-Øn\pw

CS-an-√mØ hn[-Øn-emWv ]q¿Øn-bm-bn- p-≈-Xv. CXv ]q¿Ønbm-

b-t∏mƒ Nne aue-hn-am¿ Xebv°v ssIbSn®psIm≠v, C\n P

\-ßƒ hgn-]n-g®p t]mIpw, C\n P\-ßƒ hgn ]ng®p t]mIpw

F∂p ]d™v hne-]n-®n-cp-∂p-sh∂v hnizm-k-tbm-Ky-ambn Adn-

bm≥ Ign-™n-cn-°p-∂p. CXpw C°m-esØ De-am-°ƒ kr„n-

I-fn¬h®v \nIr-„cm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n ]h-Nn-®n-´p-

≈-Xns‚ Hcp km£m-Xv°m-c-am-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬, Hcp `mKØv

A√m-lp-hns‚ al-Ømb AS-bmfw \nd-th-dn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂p!

adp-`m-KØv C\n Xß-fpsS kzm[o-\-Øn¬\n∂v th¿s]´v P\-

ßƒ an¿km-km-ln-_ns\ hniz-kn-°m≥ XpS-ßp-amdv Cu ASbm

fw F¥n\v A√mlp \nd-th-‰n-sb∂v aue-hn-am¿ ZpxJw ]I-Sn

∏n-°p∂p! I„w! I„w! lX-`m-Ky-cmb aue-hn-amtc, ip≤mflm-

°-fmb A\-h[n P\-ßsf \nßƒ hgn-tI-Sn-em-°n-°-f™p!

\nß-fpsS Zp¿t∫m-[-\-Øn¬ IpSp-ßn-b-Xp-sIm≠v Ah¿ IÆp-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 125

≠mbn´pw I≠n-√. sNhn-bp-≠m-bn´pw tIń-√. lrZ-b-ap-≠mbn´pw

Kln-®n-√. A√m-lp-hns\ `bs∏SpI! Hcp Znhkw Ahs‚ k

∂n-[n-bn¬ lmP-cmbn DØ-cw ]d-tb-≠n-h-cpw.

Ggm-asØ AS-bmfw

Ggm-asØ AS-bm-f-ambn ]d-b-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xv ako-lv au

Du-Zns‚ ImeØv Zm∫-Øp¬-A-¿fns‚ ]pd-∏mSv D≠m-Ip-sa-∂Xm-

Wv. AXv P\-ßsf ISn®p ]cn-t°ev]n-°pw. hniz-mkn-I-fnepw

Ahn-izm-kn-I-fnepw hyXymkw ImWn-°pw. temIØv Np‰n k©-

cn-°pw. hnip≤Jp¿-B-\nepw AXn-s\-∏‰n ]d-b-s∏-ń-´p-≠v. A

√mlp ]d-bp∂Xv t\m°pI:

(a-kolv auDu-Zns\ Ab-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v) A√m-lp-hns‚

\ymbw Ah-cn¬ ]q¿Øn-bm-Ip-tºmƒ \mw `qan-bn¬\n∂v Hcp

P¥p-hns\ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn°pw; AXv P\ßsf ISn®p ]cn-t°-ev

]n-°pw. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬ P\-ßƒ \ΩpsS AS-bm-f-ßƒ

hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-cm-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√.'' (hn.-Jp. 27:83).

IqSmsX lZo-Yp-I-fnepw Jnbm-a-Øns‚ AS-bm-f-ambn Zm∫-

Øp¬-A¿fns‚ ]pd-∏m-Sn-s\-∏‰n ]d™p ImWp-∂p≠v (_p-Jm-

cnbpw apkvenapw t\m°p-I). akolv auDu-Zns‚ ImeØv Hcp

IoSw ]pd-s∏-Sp-sa∂pw \mń¬ apgp-h≥ hym]n-°p-sa∂pw hnizm

kn-I-fnepw Ahn-izm-kn-I-fnepw hyXymkw ImWn-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂p-

amWv ]d-b-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

lZvdØv AlvaZns‚(A) ImeØv tπKv s]mń-]p-d-s∏-´p-

sIm≠v Cu AS-bmfw FX kv]jvS-am-bmWv ]q¿Øn-bm-b-sX

∂v t\m°p-I. tπKp tcmKw Hcp Iran-bn¬\n∂p-≠mIp∂p F∂

Imcyw k¿∆-cmepw kΩ-Xn-°-s∏´-X-m-Wv. Zm∫-Øp¬ A¿fv

F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ A¿∞hpw `qan-bn¬\n∂p-≠m-Ip∂ Hcp Iran

F∂m-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬ hnip≤Jp¿-B-\n¬ as‰mcp ÿeØv

]d-bp-IbmWv:

126 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

acp- q-an-bn¬\n∂p≈ Hcp Iran lZvdØv kpebv-ams‚ hSn

Xn∂p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. (hn.-Jp. 34:15)

ChnsS F√m ap - n-dp-Ifpw Zm∫-Øn\p Iran-sb-∂mWv

A¿∞w ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXn-\m¬, akolv auDu-Zns‚ Im

eØv ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp∂ Zm∫Øn\v Iran F∂-√msX as‰mcp

A¿∞w Iev]n-°m≥ ImcWw ImWp-∂n--√. a‰v cnhm-b-Øp-I-fn

¬ Cu Zm∫-Øn-s\-∏‰n ]d-™n- p≈ e£-W-ß-sf√mw Be-

¶m-cn-I-ß-fm-Wv. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ tπKmWv Zm∫-Øp¬ A¿fv.

AXv akolv auDu-Zns‚ ImeØv ]Xy-£-s∏´p kXy-sØbpw

Ak-Xy-sØbpw th¿Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXm-b-Xv, Ahn-

izm-kn-I-fpsS s\‰n-bnepw hnizm-kn-I-fpsS s\‰n-bnepw AXv

Hmtcm AS-bmfw hc-®p. Aßs\ c≠v Iq -tcbpw hyXym-ks∏-

Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp. akolv auDu-Zns‚ ImeØv AlvaZnøm

Pam-A-Øn\v tπKv Zr„m-¥-hp-ambn _‘s∏- p-≠mb A`n-hr≤n

as‰mcp am¿§-Øn¬ IqSnbpw D≠m-bn- n-√. B tcmKw lZvdØv

AlvaZns‚ iXp-°sf FÆn-sbÆn \in-∏n-®p. AtX ka-b

Øv, lZvdØv AlvaZpw At±-l-Øns‚ A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw tπKv

_m[-bn¬\n∂v \nt»jw kpc-£n-X-cm-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXm

Wv Zm∫-Øp¬A¿fv hc® Idp-ØXpw shfp-Ø-Xp-amb AS-bm

f-ßƒ. \m´n¬ tπKp tcmKw `b-¶-c-ambn hym]n-®p-sIm-≠n-cp

∂ ImeØv Hmtcm Znh-k-hpw, _bvAØv sNbvXp injyXzw

kzoI-cn-°m-\p≈ At]-£-Iƒ ASßp∂ \qdp-°-W-°n¬ IØp-

Iƒ lZvdØv AlvaZns‚(A) ASp-°¬ h∂psIm≠n-cp-∂p. P

\-ßƒ ]cn-`m-¥-cmbn At±-l-Øns‚ ASp-°-te°v HmSn-h-cnI

bpw sNbvXp. AsXmcp A¤p-X-I-c-amb ImgvN-bm-bn-cp-∂p. B

ZysØ GXm\pw h¿j-ß-fn¬ AlvaZn-I-fpsS FÆw aq∂v

A°-Øn¬\n∂v ta¬t∏m´p Ib-dn-bn-cp-∂n-√. F∂m¬, Zm∫-

Øp¬-A¿fns‚ ]pd-∏m-Sn\ptijw, AXm-bXv 1900˛\p tijw,

t\m°n-s°m-≠n-cns° AlvaZnøm Pam-A-Øns‚ kwJy Bbn

c-°-W-°n-e-√, e£-°-W-°n-embn h¿≤n-®p. k¿∆-kvXp-Xnbpw

A√m-lp-hn-\m-Ip-∂p.

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 127

tπKn\v Nne AlvaZn-Ifpw Cc-bm-hp-I-bp-≠mbn F∂p ]d

bp-∂Xv Ahn-th-I-am-sbmcp Bt£-]-am-Wv. H∂m-a-Xmbn Alv

aZn-I-sfbpw a‰p-≈-h-scbpw Cu tcmKw _m[n-®-Xns\ AXns‚

iX-am-\-tØmXp sIm≠mWv Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øn-t\m-t°-≠-Xv.

c≠m-a-Xmbn, \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n(k) hnP-b-]q¿∆w \bn® bp≤-

ß-fn¬ apkvenwIfpw c‡-km-£n-I-fm-bn-´n-√tbm F∂pw t\m

t°-≠-Xp-≠v. B bp≤-ß-fm-sW-¶n¬ Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v A√m-

lp-hn¬\n∂p≈ Hcp in£-bm-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\m¬, Cu tπKp-

sIm≠v B¿°v A`n-hr-≤n-bp-≠m-bn, B¿°v \mi-\-jvS-ß-fp-

≠mbn F∂v t\m°p-∂-XmWv \ymbhpw bp‡-hp-am-bn-cn-°p-I.

Cu tcmK-_m-[-bn¬ A]q¿∆ Nne ac-W-ßƒ AlvaZn-Iƒ°nS-

bn¬ D≠m-bn- p-s≠-¶n¬ AXv Rß-fpsS S≥am¿°p \evInb

c‡-km-£nXz`mKy-am-Wv. F¶nepw Pam-A-Ønse t\Xm-°fpw

Pam-A-Øp-ambn ]tXyI _‘-ap≈ hy‡n-Ifpw tπKp _m[-

bn¬ \n∂v \nt»jw kpc-£n-X-cm-bn-cp-∂p. AtX ka-bØv i

Xp-\n-c-bn¬ H∂mw InS-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ At\Iw t]cpw Cutcm

K-Øn\v Cc-bm-bn-Øo¿∂p. k¿t∆m-]-cn, Cu ZrjvSm¥w Alv

aZnøm Pam-A-Øn\v Akm-[m-c-W-amb A`n-hr≤n ssIh-cp-Øp-

Ibpw iXp-°-fpsS FÆw KWy-ambn Ipd-bv°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

Npcp-°-Øn¬, Zm∫-Øp¬-A¿fv ]Xy-£-s∏´v AXns‚ tPmen

\n¿∆-ln-®p. C\n A√m-lphns‚ apºn¬ hoWp FX hne-]n-

®mepw ]m¿∞n-®mepw \nß-fpsS A`ojvS-a-\p-k-cn-®p≈ Hcp

Zm∫-Øp¬-A¿fv ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. Imc-Ww, htc-≠Xv h∂p

Ign-™n-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬, \nß-fpsSXe-t®m-dn¬ A⁄-X-

bp-sSbpw kzm¿∞ Xm¬]-cy-Øn-s‚bpw Hcp Zm∫-Øp¬-A¿fv

Ct∏mgpw ad-™n-cp∂p \nßsf Xn∂p-I-bm-Wv. \nßƒ°v kam

[m-\-ap-≠m-hm-\mbn AXp-IqSn ]pd-tØ°p hcm≥ A√mlp

klm-bn-s®-¶n¬!

F´m-asØ AS-bmfw

F´m-asØ AS-bmfw akolv auDuZv Zna-nivJn\v Ing°p`mK-

Øp≈ Hcp shfpØ an\m-c-Øn¬ Cd-ßp-sa-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. \_n

(k) Xncp-ta\n ]d-bp-I-bmWv:

128 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

EÒßˆÙ]ÖÃÛ^ÙD mßˆÙÂnŠo]eàÚ†mÜÂß‚]ÖÛß^…é]Öfn–«ð†ÎoùÚÐ"akolv auDuZv Zna-nivJn\p Ing°p`mK-Øp≈ shfpØ

an \m-c-Øn-\-SpØv Cd-ßp-∂-Xm-Wv.'

Cu AS-bmfw ]cn-tim-[n-°p-∂-Xn\p aptº-, akolv auDuZv

BIm-i-Øn¬\n∂v Cd-ßp-I-bn-s√∂pw adn®v CtX DΩ-Øn¬

\n∂p≈ Hcm-fm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw a\- n-em-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. AXpsIm-

≠v, an\m-c-Øn-\-SpØv Cd-ßp-sa∂v ]d-™-Xn\v akolv auDuZv

BIm-i-Øn¬\n∂v GsX-¶nepw an\m-c-Øns‚ apI-fn¬ t\sc

h∂n-dßn ]n∂oSv Xmg-tØ°v hcp-sa∂v A¿∞-sa-Sp-°m≥ ]mSn-

√. IqSm-sX, Cu lZo-Yn¬ ]d-™n-´p-≈Xv an\m-c-Øns‚ apI-

fn¬ Cd-ßp-sa-∂-√, an\m-c-Øns‚ ASpØv Cd-ßp-sa-∂m-Wv.

AXns‚ kmcw kao-]-Øn¬ Hcp shfpØ an\m-c-ap-≠m-bn-cn-

°p∂ Ah-ÿ-bn-em-bn-cn°pw At±lw Cd-ßp-I-sb-∂m-Ip∂p.

CXn-\p-ti-jw, lZvdØv AlvaZns‚ P≥a-tZ-i-amb ]©m-_nse

JmZn-bm≥ IrXy-ambpw Zna-nivJn\p Ing-°m-sW-∂p≈ kwKXn

\mw a\- n-em-°-Ww. AXm-b-Xv, ZnanivJn\pt\sc Ing°v, Znan

ivJv \nev°p∂ AtX A£-tc-J-bnemWv JmZn-bm≥ ÿnXn

sNøp-∂-Xv. AXn-\m¬, JmZn-bm≥ Znan-ivJn\p Ing-°m-sW-∂p≈

Imcy-Øn¬ bmsXmcp ktµ-l-hp-an-√. C\n-bp-≈Xv an\m-c-sa∂

]Z-]-tbmK-am-Wv. AXns‚ kmcw, KXm-KX kuI-cyw, kº¿

°m-[nIyw F∂n-h-bm¬, AXm-bXv sdbn¬, Xo°-∏¬, X]m¬,

Iºn, A®-Sn-b-¥w, apX-em-b-Xns‚ Imc-W-Øm¬ aX-]-N-mc-

the AXy-[nIw Ffp∏ambn-Øo-cp∂ Hcp Ime-Øm-bn-cn°pw

akolv auDuZv hcp-I-sb-∂m-Ip-∂p. AXn-\m¬, At±-l-Øns‚

]Nm-c-th-e, Hcmƒ Hcp an\m-c-Øns‚ apI-fn¬ \n∂p-sIm≠p

]kw-Kn-°p-Ibpw shfn®w ImWn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ Abm-

fpsS i_vZw _lp-Zqcw tIƒ°p-Ibpw Abmƒ ImWn-°p∂]

Imiw temIØv AXn-thKw ]c-°p-Ibpw sNøp-sa-∂Xv t]mse-

-bn-cn°pw. Npcp-°-Øn¬, CXp-sIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏-´Xv akolv

auDuZv an\m-c-Øns‚ apI-fn¬ Cd-ßp-sa-∂-√, kao-]-Øn¬ Hcp

shfpØ an\mcw D≠m-hp∂ Ah-ÿ-bn-em-bn-cn°pw At±lw

]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-I-sb-∂m-Ip-∂p. AXm-b-Xv, aX-]-N-mc-W-Øn-\p≈

F√m kuI-cy-ß-fp-ap≈ Ime-Øm-bn-cn°pw At±lw hcp-I-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 129

sb-∂¿∞w. Cu A¿∞-]-Imcw Ing°v F∂ ]Z-Øn¬, akolp

auDu-Zm-Ip∂ kqcy≥ ]q¿∆-N-I-hm-f-Øn¬\n∂p ]q¿Æ-]-Xm-

]-tØmsS DZbw sNøp-sa∂pw At±-l--Øns‚ Inc-W-ßƒ AXn-

thKw ZnK-¥-ß-fn-te°v ]c-°p-sa-∂p-ap≈ kqN-\-IqSn CXn¬

AS-ßn-bn-´p-≠v. IqSmsX "an\mcw' F∂ ]Zw sIm≠v CXpw-Iq

Sn Dt±-in-°-s∏- n-cn-°mw. Db-c-Øn¬ ÿnXn sNøp∂ Hcp hkvXp

ASpØpw AI-se-bp-ap≈ F√m-h¿°pw ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-

Xp-t]m-se, P\-ßƒ X∂-Øm≥ IÆ-S-°p-Ibpw apJw Xncn-°p

Ibpw sNøm-Xn-cn-°p∂ ]£w F√m-h¿°pw ImWm\pw Adnbm

\pw Ign-bp-am-dp≈ ]Im-i-tØmSpw sXfn-thmSpw IqSn-bm-bn-cn

°pw At±lw ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-I. AXm-b-Xv, At±lw Hcp D∂X-

]-Z-hn-bn-ep≈ Bfm-bn-cn-°pw.

F√m an\m-c-ßfpw Zqsc-\n∂p ImWm≥ Ign-bp-∂-h-bm-Wv.

]tXy-In®v shfp-Ø-Xm-bn-cp-∂m¬, AXp-Iq-Sp-X¬ ]Im-in-°p-

Ibpw t]£-Isc BI¿jn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. AXp-sIm-≠mWv

akolv auDuZns‚ an\mcw shfp-Ø-Xm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v ]d-™n-

cn-°p-∂-Xv. as‰mcp hn[-Øn¬, akolv auDu-Zns‚ Hu∂Xyw

Id-b-‰-Xmbncn°p-sa∂pIqSn A¿∞-am-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. AXm-b-

Xv, GsX-¶nepw euIn-I-amb Imc-W-ß-fm¬ At±lw D∂-X-

ÿm\w ]m]n-®-Xm-bn-cn-°-bn-√, ]XypX At±-l-Øns‚ D∂Xn

tIhew B≤ym-fln-I-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. AtX, ]cn-ip-≤-amb

cq]-Øn¬ At±lw P\-ßƒ°v Zriy-am-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv; Ah¿ hntZz-

j-Ømepw A‘-Im-c-t]-a-Ømepw X∂-Øm≥ IÆ-S-bv°p-∂n

s√-¶n¬. CXn-s\m-cp-Zm-l-cWw ]d-bmw, Hcmƒ Xs‚ `h-\-Øn

s‚ hmXnepw P\-ep-sa√mw A-S®v AI-Øn-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬

]pdØv kqcy-\p-Zn®v D®n-bn-se-Øn-bmepw Abmƒ°v kqcys\

Z¿in-°m≥ Ign-bn-√. Abm-fpsS hoSv Ccp-´n¬Ø-s∂-bm-bn-cn-

°pw. kqcys‚ Ip‰-a√ AXv. CXp-t]mse Xß-fpsS lrZ-bØn

s‚ hmXn-ep-I-sf√mw sIm´nb-S-°p∂ Bfp-Iƒ°v Fßs\

B[ym-flnI kqcys‚ shfn®w e`n°pw? Cu AS-bmfw ]q¿Øn-

bm-b-Xn-s\-∏‰n lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) Hcp ]Zy-Øn¬ C]-Imcw

]d-™n-cn-°p∂p:

130 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

cnhm-b-Øp-I-fn¬ Ing-°p≈ an\m-c-sØ-∏-‰n-∏-d-™-Xn¬

B›-cy-s∏-tS-≠-Xn√; Fs¥-∂m¬ Rm\m-Ip∂ kqcys‚ DZb

hpw Ing-°p-\n-∂mWv D≠m-bn-´p-≈-Xv.

Hº-Xm-asØ AS-bmfw

Hº-Xm-asØ AS-bmfw lZo-Yn¬ ]h-Nn-X-amb akolv

auDu-Zns‚ cq]-am-Wv. \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n ]d-™n-´p-≈Xv C]-Imc-

amWv:

enßÛ^]Þ^Þ^ñÜº]›çÍe^ÖÓþ³ÃfèÊ^ƒ]…qØº!Ý‰f¼

]ÖÃ†mß_Ì]æmã†]Ñ…œ‰äÚþ³«ð÷ÊÏ×kÚàâF„]

Î^Öç]]eàÚ†mÜ$Üùƒâfk]ÖjËkÊ^ƒ]…qØºqŠnÜ

]uþ³þ³þ³þ³þ³Û†qÃ‚ÿ]Ö†œŒ]Âç…]ÖÃnàÒ^áùÂnßäüÂßfèº

Eeí^…pD ›^ÊnèºÊÏ×kÚàâF„]Î^Öç]âF„]]Ö‚ùqù^Ù

mßˆÙÂß‚]ÖÛþ³þ³þ³þ³ß^…é]Öfn–þ³þ³þ³þ³«ð†ÎoùÚþ³þ³Ðenà

Úã„æinàæ]•Ã÷^ÒËùnäÂ×oF]qßvèÚ×Ónà]ƒ]›ª›^

º…ùœ‰äÎ_†æ]ƒ]…ÊÃäüivþ³þ³‚ù…ÚßäÚ%ØqÛ^áõÒ^Ö©Öçð

EÚŠ×ÜD Ê¡mvØùÖÓ^Ê†mr‚Úà…mxÞËŠä]ŸùÚ^l

Rm≥ IAv_ ]Z-£nWw sNøp-∂-Xmbn kz]v\w I≠p.

s]s´∂v Hcmƒ Fs‚ apºn¬ h∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ \ndw tKmX-

ºn-s‚-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. apSn t\¿°p-≈Xpw \o≠-Xp-am-bn-cp-∂p. At±-

l-Øns‚ Xe-bn¬ \n∂v sh≈w C‰n‰p hogp-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

CXm-cm-sW∂v Rm≥ tNmZn-®p. C_v\p-a¿b-am-sW∂v ]d-b-s∏-

´p. A\¥cw Rms\mcp XSn® a\p-jys\ I≠p. AbmfpsS\ndw

sNa-∏m-bn-cp-∂p. apSn Npcp-≠-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp IÆv ImgvN-bn√m-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 131

Ø-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Ahs‚ IÆv ap¥n-cn-∏gw t]mse-bn-cp-∂p. CXm

cm-sW∂v Rm≥ tNmZn-®p. Z÷m-em-sW∂v ]d-b-s∏- p.

as‰mcp cnhm-b-Øn¬ ]d-bp∂p: ""akolv auDuZv Zna-nivJn\p

Ing°p mK-Øp≈ shfp-sØmcp an\m-c-Øn-\-Sp-Øn-dßpw c≠v

a™-∏p-X∏v ]pX®v c≠p ssIIfpw c≠v ae-°p-I-fpsS Npa-en

¬ sh®v At±lw Xe Ip\n-®m¬ AXn¬\n∂v Pe-_n-µp-°ƒ

C‰n‰p hogpw. Xe Db¿Øn-bm¬ AXn¬\n∂v apØp-Iƒ s]mgn-

bpw. At±-l-Øns‚ \nizm-k-taev°p∂ Ahn-izm-kn-I-sf√mw

ac-W-a-S-bpw.''

CXmWv lZo-Yn¬ akolv auDu-Zns\ Ipdn®v ]d-™n-cn°p-

∂-Xv. Cu BIr-Xn-hn-tijw lZvdØv AlvaZn¬(A) GXp-hn

[Øn-emWv ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-sX∂v ]cn-tim-[n®p t\m°mw. At±-

l-Øns‚ \ndw tKmX-ºn-s‚-Xm-bn-cp∂p F∂v temI-Øn-\-dn-

hp≈XmWv. At±-l-Øns‚ apSn t\¿°p-≈Xpw ]´p-t]mse ar

Zp-e-hp-am-bn-cp∂p. ]´p-\m-cp-t]mse AXns‚ Cg-Iƒ Hs‰m-‰-bmbn

ImW-s∏-´n-cp-∂p. At±lw c≠v a™-∏p-X∏v ]pX® Bfm-bn-cp-

∂p, AXm-b-Xv, c≠v tcmK-ßƒ ako-ln-øØp hmZw ]pd-s∏-Sp-

hn-®Xv apX¬ acWw hsc At±-l-Øns‚ kl-Nm-cn-I-fm-bn-cp-

∂p. CXv kw_-‘n®v At±lw Xs∂ ]d-bp∂p:

c≠v tcmK-ßƒ F∂n¬ \ne-\n∂p hcp-∂p. H∂v ico-c

Øns‚ ta¬`m-KØpw at‰Xv Iogv m-K-Øpw. ta¬`m-K-tØXv Xe-

Id-°am-Wv. Iogv m-K-tØXv aqXm-[n-Iy-hp-am-Wv. Rm≥ A√mlp-

hn-\m¬ Ab-°-s∏- -h-\m-sW∂ hmZw F∂p XpS-ßntbm A∂p

apX¬°v Cu c≠v tcmK-ßfpw XpS¿®-bmbn \ne-\n∂p hcp∂p.

AXns‚ ia-\-Øn-\mbn Rm≥ ]m¿∞n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. ]t£,

\ntj-[-Øn-emWv adp-]Sn In´n-b-Xv.

kz]v\ hymJym-\-a-\p-k-cn®v a™ hkvXw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-

Xv, tcmK-am-sW∂ Imcyw F√m-h-cmepw kΩ-Xn-°-s∏-´-Xm-Wv.

(XAvØodp¬ A\mw, c≠mw mKw t\m°p-I). akolv auDuZn

s‚ \nizmkwsIm≠v Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ ac-W--a-S-bpw, At±-l-Øn

s‚ Xe-bn¬ \n∂v Pe-I-W-ßfpw apØp-Ifpw s]mgn-bpw, F∂n-

ß-s\-bp≈ lZo-Ynse a‰p e£-W-ß-sf-∏-‰n, AS-bm-f-ßsf

kw_-‘n® N¿®-bpsS HSp-hn¬ Hcp Ipdn∏v tN¿Øp sIm≈mw.

132 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

Fs¥-∂m¬, Ah BIrXn hnti-j-Øn¬ s]´-X-√, s]mXp-

hn-ep≈ AS-bm-f-ß-fn¬s]´-Xm-Wv.

]Øm-asØ AS-bmfw

]Øm-asØ AS-bm-f-ambn ]d-b-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂Xv CXmWv:

akolv auDuZv Ipcnip apdn°pw; ]∂nsb sIm√pw; Z÷m-ens\

h[n®p Ckvemans\ a‰p aX-ß-fp-sS-ta¬ hnP-bn-∏n°pw; kqcy≥

]Sn-™mdp\n∂v DZn°pw; akolv auDuZv F√m A`n-]m-b-`n∂-

X-Isf kw_-‘n®pw kXyw kXy-ambn Xocp-am\w I¬]n°pw;

\jvS-s∏- p-t]mb kXy-hn-izmkw ho≠pw temIØv ÿm]n°pw;

hf-sc-b-[nIw [\w hnX-cWw sNøpw; F∂m¬, P\-ßƒ AXv

kzoI-cn-°p-I-bn-√. CXv kw_-‘n®v \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n(k) Acpƒ

sNbvXXv C]-Im-c-amWv:

æ]Ö×#äÖnßˆÖàù]eàÚ†mÜuÓÛ÷^Â^Ÿ÷ÊnÓŠ†áù

]Ö’ùþ³þ³þ³×ngæÖnÏj×àù]Öíßˆm†æÖn–Ãà]ÖrˆmèæÖnj†Òàù

]ÖÏ¡”Ê¡mŠÃFoÂ×nã^æÖj„âfàù]Öˆ…uß«ðæ]Öjf^Æ˜

EÚŠ×ÜD æ]Öjv^‰‚æÖn‚Âçá]Öo]ÖÛ^ÙÊ¡mÏf×ä]u‚³

Eeí^…pD æÊo…æ]mèõmËn˜]ÖÛ^Ùuj#oŸmÏf×ä]u‚³

Z÷m-ens‚ h[w kw_-‘n-®p≈ Hcp cnhm-b-Øns‚ m¿

kn X¿P-a- CXm-Wv.

ŠYwaVÃ$›4g

öEGW+oZizOç#ŠgW[oZiŠzm,Š

EÚŠ×ÜD Ên_f×äuj#om‚…Òäef^hÖ‚ùÊnÏj×ä

EÚÓFçéD æÊo…æ]mèõæi_×Ä]ÖÛ‹ÚàÚÇ†eã^

ùù

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 133

""A√m-lp-hmsW! \nß-fn¬ \n›-b-ambpw C_v\p-a¿bw

Cdßpw; At±lw \nß-fpsS A`n-]m-b- n-∂XIsf kw_-‘n®v

\ymb-ambn hn[n I¬]n-°pw.'' (A-Xm-bXv cnhm-b-Øp-Iƒ, hnizm

k-ßƒ, I¿Ω-ßƒ apX-emb Imcy-ß-fn¬ D≠m-bn-´p≈ A`n

]m-b-`n-∂-X-Isf kw_-‘n®v \ymb-amb Xo¿∏p I¬]n-°pw.)

At±lw Xo¿®-bmbpw Ipcnip apdn-°p-Ibpw ]∂nsb sIm√p-

Ibpw Pnkvb C√m-Xm-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. (-C-Xns‚ hni-Zo-I-cW-

am-bn, At±lw bp≤w \ndp-Øp-sa∂v _pJm-cn-bn¬ Hcp cnhmb-

Øp-≠v) At±-l-Øns‚ ImeØv H´-I-ßƒ Dt]-£n-°-s∏-Spw.

(A-t±-lsØ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-cn¬) ]Ibpw hntZz-jhpw Akq-

bbpw D≠m-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√. At±lw P\-ßsf [\-Øn-te°v£

Wn°pw. F∂m¬, Bcpw AXv kzoI-cn-°p-I-bn-√. as‰mcp cnhmb-

Øn¬ ]d-bp∂p: A°m-eØv Bcpw kzoI-cn-°mØhn[w [\w

h¿≤n-°pw. thsdmcp cnhm-b-Øn¬ ]d-bp∂p: Z÷m¬ At±-l

sØ I≠m¬ sh≈-Øn¬ Ds∏-∂-t]mse Aen-bm≥ XpS-ßpw.

Z÷m¬ At±-l-Øn¬\n∂v (c-£-s∏-Sm-\m-bn) HmSpw. F∂m¬,

At±lw Ahs\ A\p-[m-h\w sNøp-Ibpw _m_p-√p-±n-∂-Sp-

Øp-sh®v ]nSn-IqSn sIm√p-Ibpw sNøpw. At±-l-Øns‚ ImeØv

kqcy≥ ]Sn-™mdp\n∂v DZn-°pw. kXy-hn-izmkw temIØp\n

∂v A¥¿≤m\w sNbvXv Ypdøm F∂ \£-X-Øn¬ FØp-I-

bm-sW-¶n¬Xs∂bpw ^m¿kn hwi-P-\mb Hcmƒ AXns\ho

≠pw `qanbnte°v Cd-°n-s°m≠p hcp-∂-Xm-Wv. (A-Xm-bXv a

kolv auDuZv \jvS-s∏´ kXy-hn-izm-kw temIØv ]p\x-ÿm]n-

°pw). hnip≤Jp¿-B-\n¬ A√mlp ]d-bp∂p: k≥am¿§-tØm

Spw kXy-a-X-tØmSpw IqSn Xs‚ dkq-ens\ Ab-®Xv A√m-lp-

hm-Wv˛ AXns\ as‰√m aX-ßƒ°p-sa-Xn-cmbn hnP-bn-∏n-°p∂-

Xn-\p-th-≠n, apivcn°p-Iƒ°v AXv A\n-jvS-am-bmepw icn. (Cu

hmIysØ akolv auDu-Zns‚ Ime-hp-am-bmWv Jp¿-B≥ hym

Jym-Xm-°ƒ _‘-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≈Xv. Cu hmKvZm\w At±-l

Øns‚ ImeØv \nd-th-dp-sa∂v Ah¿ Xpd∂p]d-bp-Ibpw sN

bvXn-cn-°p-∂p.)

134 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

akolv auDu-Zns‚ AS-bm-f-ß-fn¬ ]Øm-a-tØ-Xm-Wn-Xv.

bYm¿∞-Øn¬ CXv as‰√m AS-bm-f-ß-fp-sSbpw Poh-\m-Ip∂p.

CXn¬ akolv auDu-Zns‚ ]hr-Øn-sb-∏-‰n-bmWv ]d-™n- p≈-

Xv. Hcp B≤ym-flnI]cn-jv°¿Øm-hns\ Xncn-®-dn-bm-\p≈ G‰

hpw \√ am¿§w At±-l-Øns‚ ]hr-Øn-sb-∏‰n ]T\w sNøpI-

bm-Wv. AXn-\m¬, Cu AS-bm-f-sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈ N¿® Hcp ]tXy

I A≤ym-b-ambn XpS-cp-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°pw. akolv auDuZv apJm¥

cw \nd-th-dm-\mbn \n›-bn-°-s∏´ ]hrØn bYm¿∞-Øn¬

lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) sNbvXp ImWn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬, ]ns∂

At±-l-Øns‚ hmZ-sØ-∏‰n kwi-bn-°m≥ bmsXmcp ]gp-Xp-

ap-≠m-Ip-∂-X-√. AXn-\p-tijw km¶¬]n-I-amb GsX-¶nepw

ako-ln-s\bpw alvZn-sbbpw ImØn-cn-°p-∂Xv \nc¿∞-I-am-bn-

cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. Imc-Ww, lZvdØv AlvaZv, akolpw alvZn-

bp-a-s√∂p hmZ-Øn\pth≠n kΩ-Xn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬Xs∂

hmKvZØ akolpw alvZnbpw sNtø≠ ]hrØn At±lw

sNbvXp Xo¿Øn-cn-°p-∂psh¶n¬, as‰mcp ako-ln-s‚bpw alvZn-

bp-sSbpw BK-a\w \njv]-tbm-P-\-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. k¿∆-

⁄-\mb A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v AØ-c-samcp Imcyw ]Xo-£n°m

≥ \nhr-Øn-bn√. F∂m¬, Cu hnj-b-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ N¿®

Bcw- n-°p-∂-Xn\p aptº Nne ]mcw` kwK-Xn-Iƒ hnh-cn-t°≠-

Xp-≠v. AXv Xmsg hnh-cn®p sIm≈p-∂p.

H∂masØ ]iv\w Ipcnip apdn-°pI F∂-Xp-sIm≠v F¥v

Dt±-in-°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p F∂-Xm-Wv. Ipcnip apdn-°pI F∂-Xns‚

A¿∞w akolv auDuZv ]Xy-£-Øn¬ ImWp∂ F√m Ipcnip-

I-sfbpw apdn®p sIm≠v \S-°p-sa-∂m-hm≥ ]mSn-s√∂v _p≤nbp-

≈-h¿s°√mw a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bpw. Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬Po

hn-X-Imew apgp-h\pw Ipcnip apdn®p \S-°m-\mWv At±lw

Fgp-t∂ev]n-°-s∏-´-sX∂v kΩ-Xn-t°≠n hcpw. H∂m-a-Xv, Hcp

ssZh-\n-bp-‡s‚ A¥- n\v tNcmØ ]hr-Øn-bm-W-Xv. c≠ma-

Xv, AXp-sIm≠v bYm¿∞-amb ^e-sam-∂p-ap-≠m-hp-I-bp-an-√.

Ipcn-ip-I-sf√mw apdn®p If-™-Xp-sIm≠v InkvXzm-cm-[\ C√m-

Xm-bn-t∏m-Iptam? As√-¶n¬ InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°v taen¬ Ipcnip

\n¿Ωn-°m≥ Ign-bmØ hn[w achpw teml-hp-sa√mw Ahkm-

\n®p t]mIptam? bYm¿∞-Øn¬ GXp-hsc ssIkvX-h-a-XØn

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 135

s‚ sX‰mb kn≤m-¥-ßƒ ]m_-ey-Øn-en-cn-°ptam AXp-hsc

Ipcnip \ne-\nev°pw F∂Xv \√hÆw Hm¿Øp-sIm-≈pI.

AXn-\m¬, AXns\ apdn®psIm≠v IrXm¿∞-X-b-S-bp-∂Xv _m

en-i-am-Wv. iXp-°-fpsS ]cn-lm-k-Øn\v Imc-W-am-hp-sa-∂-√m

sX AXp-sIm≠v bmsXmcp ]tbm-P-\-hp-ap-≠m-hp-I-bn-√. In

kvXym-\n-I-fpsS lrZ-b-ßsf Pbn®S°n Ipcn-ip-a-XØ-ns‚ ]m

_eyw inYn-e-am-°p-Ibpw i‡n-a-Ømb sXfn-hp-I-fm¬ AXn

s‚ sX‰p-Iƒ ÿm]n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ amXta Ipcniv

DS-bp-I-bp-≈q. B Ah-ÿ-bn¬ \n›-b-ambpw _mly-amb Ipcn-

ip-Ifpw apdn™pt]mIpw. Ipcnip kn≤m-¥-Øn¬ temI-Øn\v

aSp∏pw shdp∏pw tXm∂p-tºmƒ P\-ßƒ X∂-Øm≥ Ipcn-ip-

Iƒ hen-s®-dn-bpw. as‰m-cp kwK-Xn-IqSn \mw Hm¿Ωn-t°-≠-Xp-

≠v. GsX-¶n-ep-samcp ImeØv InkvXp-aXw temI-Øp-\n∂v

\nt»jw A¥¿≤m\w sNøp-sa∂v hnNm-cn-°p-∂Xv A_-≤am-

Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬ hnip≤Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-I-bmWv:

\mw InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°pw blq-Z¿°p-an-S-bn¬ Ah-km\

Imew hsc iXp-Xbpw ]Ibpw \ne-\n-dp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p (hn.

Jp. 5:65).

InkvXp-aXw A¥y-\mƒhsc \ne-\nev°p-sa-∂mWv CXn¬

\n∂v hy‡-am-Ip-∂-Xv. AXn-\m¬, Ipcnip apdn-°pI F∂-Xns‚

A¿∞w Ipcn-ip-aXw \nt»jw C√m-Xm-Ip-sa∂v Bhm≥ ]mSn√.

AXns‚ icn-bmb Dt±iyw InkvXp-a-Øns‚ i‡n inYn-e-am-

hp-Ibpw hnP-bm-hÿ \jvS-s∏´p t]mhp-Ibpw temI-Ønse

][m-\-s∏´ aX-ß-fn¬ H∂mbn ]cn-K-Wn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v ]Icw

_e-lo-\hpw ]cm-Pn-X-hp-amb Hcp aX-ambn KWn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw

sNøp-sa-∂m-Wv.

c≠m-asØ ]iv\w Z÷m-ens\ h[n-°p-sa∂v ]d-™-Xns‚

Dt±iyw F¥mWv F∂-Xm-Ip-∂p. Z÷m¬ Hcp hy‡n-bpsSt]c-

s√-∂pw, ]XypX ssIkvX-h-P-\-X-bp-sSbpw Ah-cpsS ]mXncn

am-cp-sSbpw t]cm-sW∂pw ÿm]n-X-am-bn-cn-°-bm¬, Z÷m¬

h[-Øns‚ Dt±iyw Ah-cpsS \mi-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v hnNm-cn-

°m≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√. AXns‚ Dt±iyw \n›-b-ambpw ssIkvX

136 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

h P\-X-bp-sSbpw Ah-cpsS sX‰mb aX-kn-≤m-¥-ß-fp-sSbpw

Ah-cpsS uXn-I-Xz-Øn-s‚bpw Ah-cpsS Ak-Xy-amb aXXØz

ßfp-sSbpw hnP-bsØ XI¿°p-I-sb-∂-Xm-Wv. ChnsS Hcp

Imcyw IqSn a\- n-em-t°-≠-Xp≠v ˛ Z÷m¬ F∂-Xp-sIm≠v

InkvXp-aXw amX-a√ Dt±-in-°-s∏-ń-´p-≈Xv. Fs¥-∂m¬, In

kvXp-aXw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS ImeØpw \ne-hn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂p.

Xncp-ta-\nbpw AXns\ t\cn-SpIbpw ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw

sNbvXn-cp-∂p. Z÷m¬ F∂Xv InkvXp-a-X-Øns‚ A_≤ kn

≤m-¥-ßƒ amX-am-sW-¶n¬ B Z÷m¬ Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS apºn¬

hcp-Ibpw Ahs\ Xncp-ta\n h[n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn- p-≠v. ]t£,

\_n(-k)Xncp-ta\n AXv kΩ-Xn-°p-∂n-√. Z÷m-ens\ akolv

auDuZv Xs∂ h[n-°p-sa-∂mWv Xncp-ta\n ]d-bp-∂-Xv. IqSmsX

Z÷m¬ Xs‚ ImeØv ]pd-s∏- n-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Xm≥ Ahs\ t\cn-

Sp-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw Xncp-ta\n Acpƒ sNbvXn-cp-∂p. Xncp-ta\n-

bpsS Ime-Øv Z÷m¬ ]pd-s∏-ń-cp-∂n-s√-∂mWv CXv hy‡-am-

°p-∂-Xv. AXp-sIm≠v Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ImeØv ]pd-s∏-ń-cp-∂n-

√mØ H∂mWv Z÷m-se∂v A¿∞w I¬]n-°m≥ \mw \n¿_-

‘n-X-cm-bn-Øo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p. AsX¥mWv? AXv InkvXp-a-X

Øns‚ A_-≤-kn-≤m-¥-ß-fpsS ]Xm-]hpw ]Nm-c-hp-amWv;

ssIkvX-h-P-\-X-bpsS A`n-hr-≤n-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn, Hcp Pe-]-hm

lwt]mse temIsØ apgp-h≥ _m[n-®n-´p≈ ùXn-I-X-bpsS

h©-\m-fl-I-Xz-am-W-Xv. Ipg-∏-Im-eØv apkvenwIƒ°n-S-bn¬ DS-

se-SpØ ssIkvX-h-kn-≤m-¥-ß-fpsS hf¿®bv°v Imc-W-am-

bn-Øo¿∂ sX‰mb Nne hnizm-k-ßfpw IqSn-bm-W-Xv. DZm-l-c-

W-ambn Cukm-\_n acn-®n- n-s√-∂p≈ hnizm-kw, Cukm-\_n

BIm-i-Øn-te°v Poh-t\msS Db¿Ø-s∏-ń-cn-°-bm-sW-∂p≈

hnizm-kw, apl-ΩZp \_n-bpsS DΩ-Øns‚ D≤m-c-W-]-hrØn,

Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬ \n∂-√mØ Hcp ako-ln\v kwh-c

Ww sNøp∂ hnizm-kw, ]hm-N-I≥am-cpsS kaq-l-Øn¬ Cu

km-\_n amXw ]nim-Nns‚ kv]¿i-Øn¬\n∂v ]cn-ip-≤-\msW-

∂p≈ hnizm-kw, At±lw ]£n-Isf krjvSn-°p-Ibpw acn-®

hsc Pohn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p F∂ hnizmkw Chsb

√mw ssIkvXh kn≤m-¥-ß-fpsS hf¿®sb klm-bn-°p-∂h-

bm-Wv. Ch-sbm∂pw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS ImeØv apkvenwIfn¬

D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√m-Ø-Xp-am-Wv. AXm-b-Xv, InkvXp-a-Øns‚ A_-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 137

≤-kn-≤m-¥-ßƒ temI-hym-]-I-amb \ne-bn¬ ]_-e-s∏-Sp-Itbm

A`n-\h hn⁄m-\-Øns‚ B]¬°-c-amb uXnI aX-Øns‚

am¿§-Øn¬ b-¶-c-amb Ipg∏w krjvSn-°p-Itbm sNbvXn-cp∂n-

√. apkvenwIfpsS hnizm-k-ßƒ hyXn-N-en®v InkvXp-a-X-Øn\v

klm-b-I-am-bn-Øo¿∂n-cp-∂p-an-√. AXn-\m¬, Cu Imcy-ßfpw

Ah-bpsS klm-bn-I-fp-amWv bYm¿∞-amb Z÷m¬. AXv Cu

ImeØv AXns‚ ]q¿Æ-i-‡n-tbm-Sp-IqSn shfn-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sN

bvXn-cn-°p-∂p. Z÷m¬ h[wsIm≠v Dt±-in-°--s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xv

Cu Z÷m-ens‚ h[-am-Wv. AXm-b-Xv, C°m-eØv ]Xy-£-s∏

ń-cn-°p-∂, InkvXp aX-Øns‚ Cu B]¬°-c-amb i‡n-tb

bpw AXns\ klm-bn-°p∂ Imc-W-ß-tfbpw \n¿Ωm¿÷\w

sNøp-I-sb-∂-Xm-W-Xv. A√m-lp-hn\v kvXpXn. lZvdØv Alva

Zv(A) apJm-¥cw B h-[-Øns‚ AS-bm-f-ßƒ ]Xy-£-s∏-´p

sIm-≠ncn-°p-∂p. c£-s∏-Sm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√mØ ]l-c-ßƒ

Z÷m-en\v G‰p Ign-™n-cn-°p-∂p. Ct∏mgpw G‰p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-

Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Ah-\n-t∏mƒ Du¿≤-izmkw hen-°p-I-bm-Wv.

Im¥-\n-co-£-I≥am-cpsS ]°¬ Ah≥ acn-®-h-cpsS Iq -Ønem-

Wp-≈Xv, IÆp-≈-h¿ I≠p-sIm-≈-s´.

aq∂m-asØ ]iv\w Z÷m¬ Aen-bp-sa∂v ]d-™-Xns‚

Dt±iyw F¥m-sW-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. Z÷m¬ Aen-bp-sa∂v ]d-™

XpsIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏-ń-´p-≈-Xv, akolv auDu-Zn-s\-Xn-cn¬ Z

÷m¬ X∂-Øm≥ Aen-bm≥ XpS-ßp-Ibpw Ahs‚ ssIImep-

Iƒ Zp¿∫-e-ßfpw \n -lm-b-ß-fp-am-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNøp-sa-

∂p-am-Wv. akolv auDu-Zn-s\-Xn-cmbn cwK-Øn-d-ßp-∂-Xn\v Ah≥

`b-s∏-Sp-amdv B≤ym-flnIi‡n A√mlp At±-l-Øn\v \evIp-

sa∂pw Z÷m¬ D≈mse Zln-®n-√m-Xm-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xn\v aXnbmb

ad™ i‡n-Iƒ akolv auDu-Zns‚ ImeØv A√mlp ]h¿

Ø-\-Øn¬ sIm≠p hcp-sa∂pw BWv.

\mem-asØ ]iv\w "_m_p-√p±v' F∂-Xns‚ A¿∞w F

¥m-sW-∂p-≈-Xm-Ip-∂p. apl-±nko-ßƒ ]d-bp-∂Xv _m_p-√p±v

F∂Xv Znan-in-Jn\v ASp-Øp≈ Hcp ÿe-Øns‚ t]cm-sW∂m-

Wv. \_n-(k)Xn-cp-ta\n AXn-s\mcp hyJym\w \evIn-b-Xmbn

cnhm-bØv sNø-s∏-ń-ń-√. Xncp-ta\n hymJy\w \evIn-bn-ń-√m

Ø\nebv°v _p≤n°pw bp‡n°pw tbmPn® Hcp hymJym\w

138 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

AXn\v \evIm≥ \ap°v Ah-Im-i-ap-≠v. "ep±v' Hcp Ad-_n-]-Z

am-Wv. "Ae±p' F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ _lp-h-N-\-am-W-Xv. AXns‚

A¿∞w iWvT-Iq-Sp-∂-h≥, X¿°n-°p-∂-h≥ Fs∂-√m-am-Ip-∂p.

Cu A¿∞-Øn-emWv hlp-h-A-e-±p¬ lnkzmw F∂pw Jua≥

ep±m F∂pw hnip≤Jp¿-B-\n¬ B ]Zw ]tbm-Kn-°-s∏-´n-´p-

≈-Xv. AXn-\m¬, "_m_p-√p±v' F∂-Xn\v iWvTIqSp-∂-h-cpsShm

Xn¬ F∂pw X¿°n-°p-∂-h-cpsS hmXn¬ F∂pw BWv i_vZm

¿∞w. Cu hn[-Øn¬ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS B lZoYv akolv

auDuZv Z÷m-ens\ X¿°n-°p-∂-h-cpsS hmXn¬°¬h®v l\n-

°p-sa∂v A¿∞-am-bn. AXm-b-Xv, Z÷m¬ akolv auDu-Zn¬

\n∂v HmSn-c-£-s∏-Sm≥ ian-°pw. F∂m¬, At±lw A\p-[m-

h\w sNbvXp HSp-hn¬ X¿°n°p-∂-h-cpsS hmXn°¬ sh®v

Ahs\ ]nSn-Iq-Sp-Ibpw h[n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. Cu hymJym-\-

]-Imcw bmsXmcp kwi-bhpw DZn-°p-∂n-√. Z÷m¬ ako-lv

auDuZns‚ apºn¬ ]Xy-£-s∏-SmsX HmSn-°-f-bp-sa∂pw F

∂m¬, akolv auDuZv Ahs\ A\p-[m-h\w sNøp-Ibpw HSp-

hn¬ bp‡n-hm-Z-am-Ip∂ kac cwK-Øn¬ sh®v Ahs\ ]nSn®p

sIm√p-Ibpw sNøp-sa-∂mWv AXns‚ hy‡-amb A¿∞w.

AXm-b-Xv, Ahs‚ h[w hmƒ sIm≠p-≈-Xm-bn-cn-°-bn-√,

bp‡n-hmZwsIm≠pw ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ sIm≠p-ap-≈-Xm-bn-cn-°pw.

A©m-asØ ]iv\w [\-Øn-te°v hnfn-°pI F∂-Xp-sIm

≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏-´Xv F¥m-sW-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. Cu tNmZy-Øns‚

DØcw Ffp-∏-ap-≈-Xm-Ip-∂p. [\w sIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏- Xv B

≤ym-flnI [\-am-Wv. akolv auDuZv AXv temI-Øns‚ apºm

sI hf-sc-b-[nIw ka¿∏n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. ]t£, temIw AXv

kzoI-cn-®n-√. [\-Øn-te°v £Wn-°p-sa-∂-Xns‚ as‰mcp Dt±

iyw CXm-Wv. Xs‚ ap∂n¬ h∂p Xt∂mSv FXn-cn-Sp-∂-Xn-\mbn

akolv auDuZv At±-l-Øns‚ FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ°p th≠n henb

henb kwJy-Iƒ kΩm\w \n›-bn-°p-sa-∂m-Wv. F∂m¬, F

Xn-cmfn-I-fn¬ BcpwXs∂ AXv kzoI-cn-°m-\mbn apt∂m´ph

cn-I-bn-√. AXm-bXv At±lw [\w sImSp°m≥ Hcp-°-am-sW-

¶nepw AXv hmßm≥ Bfp-≠m-hp-I-bn-√. Cßs\b√msX eu

InI P\-ß-sf-t∏mse [\w sh®p-Im- p-I-sb-∂Xv B≤ym-flnI

P\-ßƒ°v Hcp `qj-W-am-bn-cn-°m≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√.

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 139

Cu hymJym-\-Øns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬, hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´

alvZo-a-ko-lns‚ ]hrØn Xmsg ]d-bp∂ imJ-I-fm-bn´p Im

Wm-hp-∂-XmWv:˛

1. B`y-¥-c-amb A`n-]mb n∂-X-I-sf-°p-dn®v \ymb-amb\n

e-bn¬ Xo¿∏p-I¬∏n-°p-I.

2. Ckvemans‚ t\¿°v ]pdsa \n∂v D≠m-bn-s°m-≠n-cn°p

∂ BI-a-WsØ sNdp-°p-I. hnin-jym InkvXp-a-X-Øn-s‚bpw

`uXn-I-Xz-Øn-s‚bpw i‡nsb inYn-e-am°n a‰p aX-ß-fpsSta

¬ Ckvemans‚hnPbw ÿm]n-°p-Ibpw AXns‚ ]Nmcw tem

I-Øns‚ A‰w hsc FØn-°p-I-bpw, bqtdm∏pw Ata-cn-°-bpap

ƒs∏-sS-bp≈ ]›na cmPy-ßsf ]Nm-c-W-am¿§-Øn¬IqSn Pbn-

®-S-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I.

3. \jvS-s∏-´p-t]mb kXy-hn-izm-ksØ ho≠pw temIØv

ÿm]n-°p-I.

Cu aq∂v al-Ømb ]hr-Øn-I-fmWv akolv auDu-Zn-\mbn

\n›-bn-°-s∏- n- p-≈-Xv. Cu ]hr-Øn-Iƒ ssZhm-\p-K-l-Øm¬

FXbpw `wKn-bmb \ne-bn-emWv lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) \n¿∆-

ln-®n- p-≈Xpw At±-l-Øn-\p-tijw At±-l-Øns‚ Jeo- -am¿

\n¿∆-ln®p sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂Xpw. (J-eo- -am-cpsS ]hrØn At±-

l-Øns‚ ]hrØn Xs∂-bm-W-t√m). Cu bmYm¿∞yw hntZz-

j-an-√mØ GsXmcp FXn-cm-fn°pw \ntj-[n-°m-\m-hp-I-bn-√.

140 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

4. akolv auDuZns‚ ]hrØn

H∂masØ ]hrØn

akolv auDu-Zns‚ H∂m-asØ ]hrØn B`y-¥-c-amb

A`n-]mb `n∂-X-I-fn¬ \ymbm-[n-]-\mbn hn[n ]d-bpI F∂-

Xm-W-t√m. C°m-eØv apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn-ep-≠m-bn-Øo¿∂n-

´p≈ A`n-]m-b- n-∂-X-Iƒ Xmsg ]d-bp∂ C\-Øn¬ s] -hbm

Wv:˛

1. A√m-lp-hns‚ KpW-ßsf kw_-‘n-®v.

2. ae-°p-Isf kw_-‘n-®v.

3. ]hm-N-I-Xz-Øns‚ XpS¿® kw_-‘n®v

4. ac-Wm-\-¥-c-ap≈ Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂ev]v, in£m-c-£-Iƒ,

kz¿§-\-c-I-ßƒ F∂n-hsb kw_-‘n-®v.

5. XJvZo¿(-ssZ-h-hn-[n) kw_-‘n-®v.

6. Jpe-^m-D¿dm-in-Zos‚ Jnem-^Øv kw_-‘n-®v.

7. hnip≤Jp¿-B-s‚bpw lZo-Yn-s‚bpw ]Zhn kw_-‘n-®v.

8. Alvse lZo-Ynt\bpw Alvse^nJvln-t\bpw kw_-‘n®v.

9. ⁄m\-]-c-amb Imcy-ßsf kw_-‘n-®v.

10. ^nJvlv (I¿Ω-im-kvX) Imcy-ßƒ kw_-‘n-®v.

apkvenwtemIØv C°m-eØv Akzm-ÿy-Øn\pw Ipg-∏-Øn

\pw Imc-W-am-bn-Øo¿∂ A`n-]m-b-`n-∂-X-Iƒ ta¬]-d™ ]

Øv Imcyßsf kw_-‘n-®m-Ip-∂p. Cu A`n-]mb hyXymkß

ƒ apkvenw hn`m-K-ßƒ XΩn¬ iXp-Xbpw Ie-lhpw D≠m-hp

∂-Xn\v tlXp-hmbn F∂p amX-a-√, Ckveman\p ZpjvIn¿Ønbp-

≠m-°m\pw iXp-°ƒ°v Ckveman\p t\sc BI-aWw \S

Øm\pw AXv hgn-sh-°pI IqSn sNbvXn-´p-≠v. lrZ-bm-ep-°-fm

b Nne apkvenwIƒ CXv kln-°m-\m-Im-sXbpw Hcp c£m-am

¿§w ImWm-\m-Im-sXbpw Ckvemans\ ssIsøm-gn-°m\pw XpS-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 141

ßn. Aß-s\-bp≈ Hcp hn]¬k-‘n-bn-emWv A√mlp Ahs‚

hmKvZm\a-\p-k-cn®v lZvdØv AlvaZns\(A) \oXn-am\mb hn[n-

I¿Øm-hmbn Fgp-t∂ev]n-®Xv. At±lw h∂p-DSs\ Xs‚ sh

≈-s°mSn Db¿Øn-s°m≠v ]Jym-]n®p:˛

""\nß-fpsS A`n-]m-b-`n-∂-X-I-fn-t∑¬ hn[n ]d-bm-\mWv

A√mlp Fs∂ \ntbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXn-\m¬ \nßƒ F

s‚ ASp-°¬ hcp-hn≥. Rm≥ \ymbw hn[n-°mw.''

AXn-\p-tijw At±lw \ymbm-[n-]m-k-\-Øn¬ Ccn-°p-

Ibpw B≤ym-flnI hnNm-cW Bcw-`n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

H∂m-asØ A`n-]m-b-`n-∂X CXm-bn-cp-∂p. A√mlp ]gb

ImeØv Xs‚ ‡-Zm-k-cp-ambn kw`m-jWw sNøm-dp-≠m-bncp-

∂p-sh-¶nepw Ct∏mƒ AXv \ne®p t]mbn-cn-°p∂p F∂mWv

apkvenwIƒ hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xv. AXm-b-Xv, A√mlp Ct∏mƒ tI

ƒ°p-I-b-√msX kwkm-cn-°p-I-bn-s√∂v Ah¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂p.

lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) C°m-cy-Øn¬ hn[n ]d-™p. A√m-lphn

s‚ kwkm-c-i‡n Ct∏mƒ C√m-Xm-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂p Icp-Xp

∂Xv ITn-\-amb ssZh-Zq-j-W-am-sW∂v _p≤n-]-chpw ]am-W]-

c-hp-amb tcJ-IƒsIm-≠-t±lw ÿm]n-®p. A√mlp kwkm-cn-

°p-∂n-s√-¶n¬ Ckvemw Hcp \n¿÷o-h-a-X-am-sW∂pw a‰p aX-

ß-sf-t∏mse Xs∂ AXns‚bpw ASn-ÿm\w IY-Ifpw ]pcm-

W-ßfpw amX-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xm-sW∂pw Hcp kXym-t\z-jnbpw

ssZh-`-‡-\p-amb BfpsS XrjvW ian-∏n-°m≥ AXv Hcp hn[-

Ønepw ]cym-]vX-am-hp-I-bn-s√∂pw At±lw Xpd∂p Im´n. Ckv

eman-s‚bpw hnip≤ Jp¿-B-s‚bpw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bp-sSbpw a

[p-c-^-e-ßƒ Ft∏mgpw XpS¿∂-\p-`-hn-°p-∂-h-bm-sW∂pw A

t±lw sXfn-bn-®p. B e-ß-fm-h-s´, A√m-lp-hns\ bYm¿∞-

ambn A\p-k-cn-°p-∂-h¿°v A√mlp Ahs‚ kmao-]y-Ømepw

]`m-j-W-Ømepw \evIp∂ A\p-K-l-am-sW∂v At±lw Xs‚

kz¥w A\p-`hwsIm≠v kqcy-]-Imiw t]mse shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-

Ibpw sNbvXp. A√m-lp-hns\ kw_-‘n® as‰mcp A`n-]m-b-

hy-Xymkw CXmWv: Hcmsf in£n-°p-sa∂v A√m-lp-hns‚ hn

[n D≠m-hp-∂Xphsc Abmƒ Ahs‚ Imcp-Wy-Øn\v ]mXam-

Im-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. ]t£, in£m-hn-[n°ptijw Abmƒ ]›mØ-

]n®v am\-km-¥-c-s∏-´m¬ Xs∂bpw B in£m hn[n am‰n A

142 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

bm-fn¬ A\p-Klw sNmcn-bm≥ A√mlp Hcp-ßp-I-bn-√. AXm-

b-Xv, BZysØ hn[n-b-\p-k-cn®v ]h¿Øn-°m≥ A√mlp \n

¿_-‘n-X-\m-Wv. Cß-s\-bm-bn-cp-∂p, \Du-Zp-_n-√m, apkvenwIƒ

hniz-kn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) bp‡n]q¿∆w Cu Zp¿

b≤m-c-Ww \o°p-Ibpw AXv A√mlp k¿∆-i-‡-\m-sW∂

al-Ømb KpW-Øn\pw A√m-lp-hns‚ A]m-c-amb Imcp-Wy

Øn\pw tbmPn-°m-Ø-Xm-sW∂v ÿm]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. A

√m-lp-hns\ kw_-‘n®v Ah≥ _\q-C-kvdm-boenepw _\q-C-

kvam-bo-enep samgnsI as‰mcp P\-X-bnepw ]hm-N-I≥amsc

Ab-®n-´n-s√∂pw Ahs‚ A\p-K-l-Øn-\mbn B c≠v P\-X-

Isf amXw Xnc-s™-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-∂p-ap≈ sX‰p[m-cW

apkvenwI-fn¬ ]c-∂n- p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. CXv sX‰m-sW∂v lZvdØv

AlvaZv(A) ]amW klnXw sXfn-bn-°p-Ibpw F√m P\-X-

Ifpw A√m-lp-hns‚ ]`m-j-W-am-Ip∂ A\p-K-l-Øn\p ]mX-

am-bn-´p-s≠∂pw F√m P\-X-I-fnepw Ah≥ ]hm-N-I∑msc A

b®psIm≠n-cp-∂n-´p-s≠∂pw ipXn-bp-‡n-I-fm¬ ÿm]n-°p-I

bpw sNbvXp. Aßs\ lnµp-°-fpsS IrjvW≥, _u≤-cpsS

KuX-a-_p-≤≥, ssN\-°m-cpsS I¨^yq-jy-kv, ]m¿kn-I-fpsS

k¿XjvXv F∂n-h-cpsS ]hm-N-IXzw AwKo-I-cn®psIm≠v A

t±lw P\-X-Iƒ XΩn-ep≈ _‘-Øn¬ al-Øm-sbmcp ]cnh

¿Ø-\-ap-≠m-°n.

A√m-lp-hns‚ C¬lm-ans\ kw_-‘n®v, AXv ]Z-ß-fmbn

Cd-ßp-∂-X-s√∂pw adn®v Bi-b-ßƒ lrZ-b-Øn¬ DZn-°p-∂-

Xm-sW∂pw hniz-kn-°-s∏- n-cp-∂p. AXm-b-Xv, lrZ-b-Øn-¬ DZn-

°p∂ ]cn-ip-≤hpw D¬°r-jvS-hp-amb Nn¥-I-fmWv C¬lm-sa

∂v Icp-X-s∏-´n-cp-∂p. Cu A`n-]m-bhpw sX‰m-sW∂v At±lw

sXfn-bn-°p-I-bpw, \nKq-V-amb hlvbpw ssZh-`m-j-W-Ønse

Hcp C\-am-sW-¶nepw IqSp-X¬ D¬°r-„hpw IqSp-X¬ kpc£n-

X-hp-amb ]`m-jWw ]Z-ß-fm-bn´v Cd-ßp-∂-Xm-sW∂pw hnip

≤Jp¿-Bs‚ hlvbv Cu C\-Øn¬s] -Xm-sW∂pw Jp¿-Bs‚

A≤ym-]-\w, _p≤n-]-c-amb tcJ-Iƒ, kz¥-amb A\p- hw F∂n-

h-bpsS shfn-®-Øn¬ At±lw ÿm]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

ZpB kzoI-cn-°p-I-sb∂ A√m-lp-hns‚ KpWsØ kw_-

‘n®v, ZpB Hcp Bcm-[\ amX-am-sW∂pw ZpB sIm≠v A√m

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 143

lp Ahs‚ Xocp-am-\-Øntem Dt±-iy-Øntem am‰w hcp-Øp-∂

X-s√∂pw apkvenwI-fn¬ sX‰mb [m-c-Wbp≠mbn-cp-∂p. CXpw

sX‰m-sW∂v At±lw tcJm-aqew sXfn-bn-°p-Ibpw hnip≤

Jp¿-Bs‚ A≤ym-]-\w, kw`-h-ßƒ, kz¥w A\p-`hw F∂o

A\n-tj-[y-ß-fmb sXfn-hp-Iƒ AXn\v At±lw \evIp-Ibpw

sNbvXp.

A√m-lp-hns‚ AkvXn-XzsØ kw_-‘n-®v, Ah≥ uXnI

cmPm-°≥am-sc-t∏mse Hcp knwlm-k-\-Øn¬ Ccn-°p-I-bm-sW

∂ sX‰mb Nn¥bpw apkvenwIƒ°nS-bn¬ ]c-∂n-´p-≠m-bn-cp

∂p. lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) Cu sX‰v Xncp-Øp-Ibpw A¿ins‚

bmYm¿∞yw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

A√m-lp- Xs‚ A[n-Im-c-ßƒ Nne `‡-Zm-k¿°v \evIp-

sa∂pw Ah¿ A√m-lp-hn-s\-t∏mse kzX-¥-ambn Znhy-i-‡n-

Iƒ ]-I-Sn-∏n-°p-sa∂pw apkvenwIƒ hniz-kn-®n-cp-∂p. Cu hn

izmkw Ckveman¬ I≈-°-Y-I-fpsS Hcp ]hmlwXs∂ D≠m-

°n-bn- p-≠v. lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) Cu hnizm-khpw sX‰m-sW∂v

tcJm-aqew ÿm]n-®p.

ae-°p-Isf kw_-‘n®v apkvenwI-fn¬ At\Iw A`n-]mb

`n∂-X-I-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ae-°p-I-fpsS BIr-Xn-sb-¥m-Wv, ]hr-

Øn-sb-¥m-Wv, Fßs\ Ah¿ Ah-cpsS IS-a-Iƒ \n¿∆-ln°p-

∂p, Ah-sc-s°m-≠p≈ Bh-iy-sa¥v CXymZn Imcy-ß-fn-se

√mw apkvenwIƒ sX‰mb [mc-W-Iƒ°v hnt[-b-cm-bn-Øo¿∂n-

cp-∂p. lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) \nKq-V-amb Cu Imcy-ß-fn¬ Zr„m-

¥-]q¿∆w shfn®w hoip-Ibpw icn-bmb am¿§-Z¿i\w \evIp-

Ibpw sNbvXp.

]hm-N-IXz irwJ-esb kw_-‘n-®v, \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS

Bhn¿`m-h-tØm-Sp-IqSn F√m hn[-amb ]hm-N--I-Xzhpw Ahkm-

\n-®p-t]m-sb∂pw taen¬ bmsXmcp Xc-Øn-ep≈ ]hm-N-I\pw

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bn¬\n∂v A\p-Klw kn≤n-®-h-cm-h-s´, At±-

l-Øns‚ ico-A-Øns‚ tkh-I-\m-bn-s°m-≠m-h-s´, hcm≥

]mSn-s√∂pw BWv apkvenwIƒ hniz-kn®p t]m∂-Xv. F∂m¬,

"JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥' F∂-Xn\v \evI-s∏-Sp∂ Cu A¿∞w icn-

b-s√∂pw ]hm-N-IXz irwJe Ah-km-\n®p F∂-Xns‚ Dt±

144 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

iyw C\n bmsXmcp hn[-Øn-ep≈ \_nbpw hcm≥ ]mSn√ F

∂-s√∂pw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-°p-tijw ico-A-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb ]hm-

N-I-Xz-Øns‚ hmXn-emWv AS-bv°-s∏-ń-´p-≈-sX∂pw ico-A

tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-√mØ ]Xn-cq-]m-fl-I-amb ]hm-N-I-Xz-Øns‚ hm

Xn¬ AS-bv°-s∏-ń-ń-s√∂pw At±lw sXfn-bn-®p. ]hm-N-I-

Xz-Øns‚ F√m hmXn-ep-Ifpw AS-bv°-s∏´p t]msb∂pw Ah-

km-\n®pt]msb∂pw hnNm-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, AXns‚ A

¿∞w, \Du-Zp-_n-√m, \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS Bhn¿`m-hw, Cu D

Ω-Øn\v al-Øm-sbmcp ssZhn-Im-\p-Klw \„s∏´p t]mIp-

∂-Xn\v Imc-W-am-bn-Øo¿∂p F∂p hcp-∂-Xm-Wv. Npcp-°n-∏-d-

bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, apkvenwIfn¬ ]c-∂p-h-im-bn-cp∂ ]kvXpX

A`n-]mbw A_-≤-am-sW∂v ]amWw sIm≠pw bp‡n-sIm

≠pw At±lw ÿm]n-®p.

\_n-am-sc-∏-‰nbpw dkq¬am-sc-∏-‰nbpw, Cukm-\_n HgnsI-

bp≈ F√m ]hm-N-I≥amcpw ]m]n-I-fm-sW∂pw Cukm-\-_n-

b-√msX as‰mcp ]hm-N-I\pw A]-am-Znbpw ]nim-Nns‚ kv]¿i-

\-Øn¬ \n∂v ]cn-ip-≤\pw Bbn-ń-s√∂pw apkvenwIƒ hniz-

kn-®n-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) i‡n-a-Ømb tcJ-

Iƒ sIm≠v Cu hnizmkw sX‰m-sW∂v sXfn-bn-®p. Kwò-c-ß-

fmb teJ-\-ß-sf-gp-Xn-s°m≠v At±lw Cu hnjbw kw_‘n

® bmYm¿∞yw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

]hm-N-I-Xz-Øns‚ kz`m-h-sØ-∏-‰n, AXm-bXv ]hm-N-I≥

Bcm-Wv, ]hm-N-I -]-Z-hn-bpsS Dt±-iy-sa-¥mWv F∂o Imcy-

ß-sf-∏-‰n, apkvenwIƒ°n-S-bn¬ Atß-b‰w A_-≤-amb A`n-

]m-b-ßƒ ]c-∂n-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. At±lw B Imcy-ßsf kw

_-‘n®pw kXyw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn.

ac-Wm-\-¥-c-Po-hn-Xw, in£m-c£-Iƒ, kz¿§-\-c-I-ßƒ F

∂n-h-sb-∏‰n Akm-[m-c-Whpw Aº-c-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-amb A`n-]mb-

ß-fmWv apkvenwIƒ cq]o-I-cn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. X∂n-anØw a‰p≈h¿

°v Ckvemans\ Bt£-]n-°m\pw Ah-tl-fn-°m\pw hfsc

A[nIw kuIcyw e`n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp∂p. kz¿§\c-Iß

sf kw_-‘n-®p≈ A`n-]m-b-ßƒ ]e-t∏mgpw _men-ihpw

PpKp-]vkm-h-lhpw Bbn-cp-∂p. lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) AXns\

kw_-‘n®v D÷z-e-ß-fmb teJ-\-ß-sf-gp-Xn. hnip≤ Jp¿B

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 145

≥sIm≠pw lZo-Yp-sIm≠pw AXns‚ kXyw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-I

bp-≠m-bn. AXns‚ e-ambn aptº Bt£]w sNmcn™ iXp

°ƒt]mepw ]iwk sNmcn-bp-∂-h-cm-bn-Øo¿∂p.

apkvenwIƒ°n-S-bn¬, Hcp hºn® hnhmZ hnj-b-am-bn-cp∂p

XJvZo¿ AYhm ssZh-hn[n. AXv kw_-‘n® A`n-]m-b-hyXym-

k-ßƒ FÆ-a-‰-Xm-bn-cp∂p. F∂m¬, lZvdØv AlvaZv(A)sIm

®pIp´n-Iƒ°vt]mepw a\- n-em-Ip-amdv XJvZo-dns\ hy‡hpw

kc-f-hp-ambn BJym\w sNbvXp.

Jnem-^-Øns\ kw_-‘n®v kp∂n-Ifpw inbm-°fpw XΩn-

ep≈ A`n-]m-b-hy-Xymkw kphnZn-X-am-Wv. A°m-cy-Ønepw

lZvdØv(A) kXyhpw \ymb-hp-amb hn[n Iev]n-®p.

hnip≤Jp¿-B-s‚bpw lZo-Yn-s‚bpw ]Z-hn-sb-∏-‰n, AXm-

b-Xv, Ch-bn¬ GXn\v GXns‚ taemWv hn[n I¿-Xr-Xz-ap-≈Xv

F∂-Xn-s\-∏-‰nbpw apkvenwIƒ X¿°n®psIm≠n-cp-∂p. Ahcn

¬ Hcp hn`mKw hnip≤Jp¿-Bs\ ]n¥-≈p-Ibpw Hcp hnK-l

Øns‚ apºn-se-∂-t]mse lZo-Yns‚ apºn¬ apJw IpØn ho

gp-Ibpw sNbvXp. lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) Cu hnjbsØ∏‰n

Ah-[m-\-]q¿∆w N¿®\S-Øp-Ibpw kp∂-Øpw, lZoYpw sht∆

sd tcJ-I-fm-sW∂v sXfn-bn-°p-Ibpw hnip≤Jp¿-B≥, kp∂

Øv, lZoYv F∂n-hbv°v tcJm-aqew sht∆sd ]Z-hn-Iƒ \n¿Æ

bn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

Alvse nJvlpw Alvse lZoYpw XΩn-ep≈ A`n-]mb

`n∂-Xbpw hSw-h-enbpw F√m-hcpw Adn-bp-∂-Xm-Wv. lZvdØv

AlvaZv(A) tcJm-aqew c≠v Iq -cp-sSbpw sX‰p-Iƒ Xpd∂pIm

´n.c≠v Iq -cn-ep-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂ \∑-Ifpw At±lw shfn-s∏SpØn.

Ah¿°n-S-bn¬ Hcp t\¿hgn At±lw Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp.

A¤pX AS-bm-f-ß-fp-sSbpw Znhy-Zr-jvSm-¥-ß-fp-sSbpw \ne-

sb-°p-dn®v ]Ir-Xn-hm-Zn-I-fmb apkvenwIƒ, Alvse lZo-kv,

l\- n-Iƒ F∂n-h¿ XΩn-ep≈ A`n-]mb hyXymkw IW°n-

√m-Ø-Xm-Wv. lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) Cu hnjbw kw_-‘n®v

F√m A_-≤-[m-c-W-Ifpw Xncp-Øp-amdv icn-bmb am¿§w Nq≠n

°m-Wn-®p.

146 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

Pnlm-Zn-s\-∏‰n apkvenwIƒ°p-≠m-bn-cp∂ [mcW AXoh

hnIr-X-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]cn-ip-≤-amb Ckvemans‚ apJw If-¶-s∏Sp-

Øp-hm≥ AXv hgn-sbm-cp-°n. lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) ]Im-iab-

amb sXfn-hp-IƒsIm≠v B sshIr-Xw \o°p-Ibpw bmYm¿

∞yw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

I¿Ω-im-kvXsØ kw_-‘n® A`n-]m-b-hy-Xym-k-Øn\v

A‰-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) imJm-]-c-amb Nne

A`n-]mb hyXym-k-ßsf hI-sh®p sImSp-°p-Ibpw AXv DΩ

Øn\v Hcp A\p-K-l-am-sW∂p ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. a‰p Imcy-

ß-fn¬ At±lw tcJm-aqew icn-bmb am¿§-Z¿i\w \evIn.

apkvenwkap-Zm-b-Øn¬ hym]n-®n-cp∂ Nne A`n-]mb hy

Xym-k-ß-fpsS Npcp-ßnb Hcp ]´n-I-bm-Wn-Xv. Ah-sb-∏-‰n-sb

√mw lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) hn[n I¿Øm-sh∂ \ne-bn¬ hn[nI

¬]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. apkvenwIƒ°n-S-bn-ep-≠m-bn´p

≈ F√m A`n-]m-b- n-∂-X-I-sfbpw Ahbv°v At±lw \evInbn-

´p≈ hn[n-\ymb-sØbpw ]‰n hni-Z-ambn ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂-Xn\v

Hcp henb KŸw Xs∂ th≠n hcp-∂-Xm-Wv. DZm-l-c-Wm¿∞w

ÿqe-amb Nne A`n-]m-b- n-∂-X-Iƒ ChnsS FSp-Øp-Im-Wn°p

I amXta sNbvXn-´p-≈q.

A`n-]mb`n∂-X-I-sf-°p-dn®v F√m De-am-°fpw Xm¥m-ß-

fpsS A`n-]mbw ]I-Sn-∏n-®n-cn-°-bm¬ lZvdØv AlvaZn\v(A)

A°m-cy-Øn¬ F¥v ]tXy-IXbmsW-∂p-≈-sX∂v Bsc-¶n

epw kwibn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv A¿∞-iq-\y-amb Hcp kwi-

bta Bbn-cn-°-bp-≈q. Fs¥-∂m¬, A`n-]m-b-]-I-S\w sNøpI

F∂Xpw Hcp hn[n I¿Øm-sh∂ \ne-bn¬ hn[n I¬]n-°pI

F∂Xpw XΩn¬ henb hyXym-k-ap-≠v. A`n-]m-b-]-I-S\w H

cp Ip´n°p t]mepw sNøm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. lZvdØv AlvaZv(A)tI

he-amb A`n-]m-b-]-I-S\w \S-Øp-I-b-√, adn®v apkvenwIfpsS

A`n-]m-b-hy-Xym-k-ßsf kw_-‘n®v hn[n I¬]n-°p-I-bm-bn-

cp-∂p. At±lw hn[n I¿Øm-hm-sW-∂-Xn≥ta¬ Ah shfn®w

hoip-∂p. At±lw kzoI-cn® B hnti-j-X-Iƒ Xmsg ]d-bp

∂-h-bmWv:

1. lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) bmsXmcp Imcy-Ønepw GsX-¶n

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 147

epw Hcp I£n-bpsS ]£w \n∂p-sIm-≠√ A`n-]mb]I-S\w

sNbvX-Xv. aq∂m-a-sXmcp hn[n-I¿Øm-hns‚ \ne-bn-em-Wv. AXn-

\m¬, At±-l-Øns‚ Xo¿∏p-Iƒ ]£m-]m-Xn-Xz-Øns‚ hnj-

Pzm-e-bn¬ \n∂v \nt»jw ]cn-ip-≤-am-Wv. CXv hen-sbmcp hnti-

j-X-bm-I-p∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ Xo¿∏p-Iƒ I≠n-´p≈ GsXmcm

ƒ°pw Ah-sb√mw \oXn-]q¿∆hpw \n£v]-£-hp-am-sW∂v kΩ

Xn-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√.

2. lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) hn[n ]d-bpI amX-a-√, _p≤n-]c

hpw ]am-W-]-c-hp-amb tcJ-I-fpsS Hcp kqcy-s\-Øs∂ Db¿

Øn-°m-Wn-°pI IqSn sNbvXp. Hcp kXym-t\z-jn°v kwi-bØn

\v bmsXmcp ]gpXpw At±lw \evIn-bn-√. GsXmcp hnj-bsØ-

°p-dn®v N¿® sNøm≥ At±lw t]\-sb-Sp-Øn- pt≠m AXns\-

°p-dn®v ae-t]mse Dd-®p-\nev°p∂ Xocp-am-\-amWv At±lw

]Jym-]n-®n- p-≈-Xv. AXns‚ \n¿Æm-b-I-Xz-Øns‚ i‡n kΩ-

Xn-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ \n£-]-£-I-\mb Hcmƒ°pw Ign-bp-I-bn-√.

F√m Xocp-am-\-ßsf°p-dn®pw At±lw kzoI-cn-®n-´p≈ XØz-

am-sW-¶n¬ Hcp iXp-hn\pw HmSn c£-s∏-Sm≥ CSw \evIm-Ø-

Xm-Wv.

3. lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) Akm-[m-c-W-amb Bfl-i-‡nsIm

≠pw ssZhn-I-amb AS-bm-f-ßƒsIm≠pw Xs‚ F√m Xo¿∏pI-

fp-sSbpw \ymbw ÿm]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Xs‚ Xo¿∏p-Iƒ°v _p≤n

]-chpw ]am-W-]-c-hp-amb tcJ-Iƒ \evIn-bXv IqSm-sX, \ntj-

[n-Iƒ FXn¿Ø-Xn-s\-Øp-S¿∂v ssZhn-I-amb AS-bm-f-ßƒIqSn

ImWn-®p-sIm-SpØpsIm≠v B Xo¿∏p-I-fpsSta¬ At±lw ssZ

hkm£y-Øns‚ apZ IpØn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu Xo¿∏p-I

fpsS ]Z-hn°pw aue-hn-am-cpsS hnhm-Z-ß-fpsS ]Z-hn°pw XΩn¬

F¥p _‘w? IS-en\pw IS-em-Sn°pw XΩn-ep≈ _‘-a-√msX!

c≠masØ ]hrØn

akolv auDu-Zns‚ c≠m-asØ ]hrØn ]pdsa \n∂p≈

BI-a-W-ßsf sNdp-°p-Ibpw a‰p aX-ß-fpsS ta¬ Ckveman

s‚ hnPbw ÿm]n-°p-Ibpw sNøpI F∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. AXm-

bXv CkvemwaX-]-Nm-c-WsØ hn]p-eo-I-cn-®v, temIsØ apgp-

h\pw ]tXy-In-®v, ]m›mXy cmPy-ßsf Pbn®S°pI F∂Xm-

148 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

bn-cp∂p. Cu ]hrØn FX wKn-bmbpw \nkvXp-e-ambpw BWv

At±lw \n¿∆-ln-®-sX∂pw At±-l-Øns‚ Jeo-^-am¿ Ct∏m

gpw B ]hrØn \n¿∆-ln-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-sW∂pw Bsc

bpw ]d-™-dn-bn-t°≠ Bh-iy-an-√. H∂m-a-Xmbn Ckveman-\

IØv IS∂pIqSn a‰p-≈-h¿°v \nin-X-hn-a¿i-\-Øn\v kuIcyw

\evInb A_≤ hnizm-k-ß-sf-∏-‰n-bmWv \mw Nn¥n-t°-≠Xv.

AXv Ckvemans‚ ]cn-ip≤apJØv Icn-tX®psIm≠n-cp∂ B`y-

¥-c-amb A`n-]mb hyXym-k-ß-fm-Wv. GXp-hn-[-Øn-emWv lZvd

Øv AlvaZv(A) B Id Igp-In-°-f-™-sX∂v Npcp-ßnb\nebn

¬ ]Xn-]m-Zn®p Ign-™p. C\n, Cukm-\-_nsb kw_-‘n®v

apkvenwIƒ°n-S-bn¬ IS∂p IqSn-bXpw X∂n-anØw Ckveman

I]£-Øp-\n∂v At\-I-e£w Bfp-Isf aX-]-cn-h¿Ø\w sN

øn-°p-hm≥ Z÷m-en\v i‡n ssIh-cp-Øn-b-Xp-amb kwK-Xn-I

ƒ hnh-cn-°p-hm≥ amX-amWv ChnsS Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xv:˛

1. ]hm-NI tijvT-cmb lZvdØv apl-ΩZv \_n(-k) Xncpta

\n aÆn¬ ad-b-S-°-s∏- n-cn-s°, A√m-lp-hns‚ kp∂-Øn-s\Xn-

cmbn Cukm-\_n ÿqe-tZ-l-tØm-Sp-IqSn BIm-i-Øn-te°v

Ib-dn-t∏m-hp-Ibpw ac-W-Øn¬\n∂v kpc-£n-X-\m-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p-sh∂ hnizm-kw.

2. Cukm-\_n krjvSn-I¿Øm-hm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂ hnizmkw.

Nne ]£n-Isf At±lw krjvSn-®n-´p-s≠∂pw a‰p bmsXmcp

a\p-jy\pw Cu i‡n D≠m-bn-ń-s√∂pw apkvenwIƒ hniz-kn-

°p∂p!

3. Cukm-\_n acn-®-hsc Pohn-∏n-®p-sh∂ hnizm-kw. acn®-

h-tcmSv Fgp-t∂ev°pI F∂v At±lw ]d-™-t∏mƒ Ah¿

I-_v-dp-I-fn¬\n∂v Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂‰p ]pd-tØ°ph∂v At±-

lsØ A\p-K-an-®p-sh∂pw Aßs\ At±lw Bbn-c-°-W-

°n¬ acn®-hsc ]p\¿÷o-hn-∏n®p F∂pw Cu i‡n as‰mcp

\_n°pw \evI-s∏-ń-ń-s√∂pw apkvenwIƒ hniz-kn-°p-∂p.

4. Cukm-\-_n°v AXyp-∂X ]Zhn Ds≠∂v apkvenwIƒ

hniz-kn-°p-∂p. AXm-b-Xv, \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS ]kvXm-h-\-b

\p-k-cn®v G‰hpw henb Ipg-∏-amb Z÷m-ens‚ Ipg-∏-ap-≠m-Ip-

tºmƒ, AXns\ \n¿Ωm¿÷\w sNøm-\p≈ Ignhv Cukm-\

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 149

_n-°-√msX as‰mcp ]hm-N-I-\p-an-s√∂pw A°m-c-W-Øm-emWv

A√mlp B ]hr-Øn-°mbn At±-lsØ acW-Øn¬\n∂v

kpc-£n-X-\m°n sh®n- p-≈-sX∂pw apkvenwIƒ hniz-kn-°p∂p

˛ A√m-lp-hn\v At±-l-sØ-t∏mse as‰mcp ]cn-jv°¿Øm-hn

s\ Fgp-t∂ev]n-°m≥ i‡n-bn-√m-Ø-Xp-t]mse!

5. Cukm-\-_n-b-√msX as‰mcp ]hm-N-I\pw ]nim-Nns‚

kv]¿i-\-Øn¬\n∂v ]cn-ip-≤-\-s√-∂p≈ hnizm-kw. AXm-bXv,

lZvdØv apl-ΩZv \_n(-k.-A)Xncp-ta-\n-bm-I-s´, at‰-sX-¶nepw

]hm-N-I-∑m-cm-I-s´, F√m-hcpw Hcp-hn-[-Øn¬ As√-¶n¬ as‰m-

cp-hn-[-Øn¬ GsX-¶nepw Ip‰w sNbvX-h-cm-sW∂pw Bsc-¶n

epw bmsXmcp hn[-amb Ip‰w sNøm-Xn-cp-∂n-´p-s≠-¶n¬ AXv

a¿b-ans‚ Cu A¤p-X-k-¥m\w amX-am-sW∂pw apkvenwIƒ

hniz-kn-°p∂p!

ta¬]-d™ A©v B]¬°-c-ß-fmb hnizm-k-ß-fmWv

Cukm\-_nsb kw_-‘n®v apkvenwI-fn¬ IS-∂p-Iq-Sn-bn- p-≠m-

bn-cp-∂-Xv. Ah InkvXp-a-X-Øn\v hf-sc-b-[nIw i‡n \evIp-

Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. Cu hnizm-kßƒ sh®psIm≠n-cn-°-bm¬

InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°v Ffp-∏-Øn¬ ]nSn-°m-hp∂ Cc-bm-bn-Øo¿

∂p apkvenwIƒ. At\-I-e£w apkvenwIsf Ah¿ ]nSn-s®-Sp

Øv InkvXym-\n-I-fm-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. apkvenwIƒ Ah-cpsS

apºn¬ \n -lm-b-cp-am-bn-cp-∂p. DZm-l-c-W-ambn Hcp kw`hw

]d-bmw. D∂-X-]-Z-hn-bn-ep≈ Hcp ssIkvXh ]mXncn emtlmdn

¬ ]kw-Kn®p sIm≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. At±lw ta¬ ]d

™ ]iv\-ßƒ apk¬am≥am-cpsS t\sc D∂-bn-®p. kZ-ky-cn

¬ Nne aue-hn-am-cp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Xßƒ°-\p-Iq-e-amb apkv

enw hnizm-k-ßsf Bh¿Øn-®m-h¿Øn®v Nq≠n-°m-´p-Ibpw

InkvXp-a-X-Øns‚ alØzw AXn-eqsS ÿm]n-°p-Ibpw sN

bvX-t∏mƒ \ni-_vZ-cmbn AXv tI´n-cn-°mt\ aue-hn-am¿°v I

gn-™p-≈q. F∂m¬, hfsc bmZr-›n-I-ambn AhnsS tUm.-ap^v

Xn-ap-l-ΩZv kzmZnJv h∂ptN¿∂p. At±lw Ata-cn-°-bn¬ Ckv

emwaX-]-Nm-c-I-\mbn ]h¿Øn® Bfm-bn-cp-∂p. At±lw B

fl-kw-b-a\w ]men-®p-sIm≠v ]mXn-cnsb t\cn- p. \nßƒ ]dbp-

∂-sXm∂pw CkvemanI hnizm-k-a-√. Rß-fn-sXm∂pw hnizkn-

°p∂pan√. hnip≤Jp¿-B-\ntem lZo-Yntem Cu hI hnizmk-

150 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

ßƒ°v bmsXmcp ÿm\-hp-an-√. akolv Hcp ]hm-N-I≥ amXam-

Wv. F√m ]hm-N-I≥amcpw F]-Imcw acn-®pthm A]-Imcw a

kolv acn-®n-cn-°p∂p F∂p Xs∂-bmWv Rßƒ hniz-kn-°p∂-

Xv. a‰v ]hm-N-I≥am¿°n-√mØ ]tXyIXI-sfm∂pw At±-l

Øn-\n-√. At±-l-tØ-°mƒ tijvT-cmb ]hm-N-I∑m¿ D≠mbn-

´p-ap-≠v.... ap^vXo kmln-_ns‚ ]kwKw tI´-t∏mƒ ]mXncn

kmbv]v ]d-™p. Xm¶ƒ Hcp JmZn-bm-\n-bm-sW-∂mWv tXm∂p

∂-Xv. sIm≈mw, Xm¶-fp-ambn kwkm-cn-°m≥ Rßƒ Hcp-°an-

√. CXbpw ]d™p At±lw Xs‚ ]kwKw Ah-km-\n-∏n®p.

t\m°p-I, FX B]¬°-c-amb hnizm-k-amWv Cukm-\-

_nsb kw_-‘n®v apkvenwIƒ ssIs°m-≠n- p-≈Xv? F∂m¬,

AsX√mwsX‰m-sW∂v lZvdØv AlvaZv(A)ÿm]n-®p. Cu hn

izm-k-ß-sf√w ASn-ÿm-\-c-ln-X-ß-fm-sW∂pw Ch ]nev°me

Øv apkvenw-I-fn¬ IS-∂p-Iq-Sn-b-h-bm-sW∂pw hnip≤Jp¿B\n

tem lZo-Yp-I-fntem Ahbv°p ÿm\an-s√∂pw At±lw sXfn-

bn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXp-\n-anØw Ckveman-s\-Xn-cmbn ]h¿

Ø\w \S-Øm≥ Ah\v Ffp∏w km[n-®n-cp-∂p. c≠masØIm¬

Ahs‚ Xs∂ sX‰mb hnizm-k-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p. AXns‚ i‡n-

sIm≠v Ah≥ Hcp Pe-]-hmlw t]mse X≈n-°-b-dn-s°m≠n-

cp-∂p. Npcp-°-Øn¬, Ckveman-s\-Xn-cmbn a‰p aX-ÿ-cn¬ \n∂p-

≠m-bn-cp∂ BI-a-W-Øn\v hen-sbmcp ImcWw apk¬am≥am-

cpsS Xs∂ sX‰mb hnizm-k-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p. B]¬°-c-ß-fmb

B hnizm-k-ßƒ tcJm-aqew \o°w sNøp-I-bm¬ _mly-amb

BI-a-W-Øns‚ B `mKw XI¿∂p-t]m-bn.

CXv lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) \n¿∆-ln® al-Ømb Hcp tkh

\-am-bn-cp-∂p. CX-t±lw apk¬am≥am¿°pth≠n sNbvX al

Ømb Hcp \≥a-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ Cu ]hr-Ønbn

eqsS apkvenwIƒ°v c≠v hºn® t\ -ß-fp-≠m-bn. H∂ma-Xv,Cu

A_-≤hpw B]¬°-c-hp-amb hnizm-k-Øm¬ apkvenwIfpsS

ÿnXnXs∂ Atß-b‰w tami-s∏- n-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Ahcp

sS kXy-hn-izmk [¿Ω-am-Ip∂ ta¬∏p-cbv°v Dd-°pØv _m[n®p-

an-cp-∂p. F∂m¬, Cu hnizm-k-ßƒ Xncp-Ø-s∏- -tXmsS Ahcp

sS Ahÿ i‡-ambnØocp-Ibpw kXy-hn-izmkw \mi-Øn¬

\n∂v c£-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. c≠m-a-Xv, Cu sX‰mb hnizmk-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 151

Øns‚ e-ambn Ckvemw a‰p aX-ÿ-cpsS \nin-X-amb BIa-

W-Øn\v e£y-am-bn-Øo¿∂n-cp-∂p. AXm-b-Xv, Cukm-\-_nsb

kw_-‘n® A_-≤-hn-izm-k-ßƒ FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ°v Ckveman

s‚ t\sc BI-aWw \S-Øm≥ \s√mcp kuI-cy-ap-≠m-°ns°m-

Sp-Øp. apkvenwIfm-Is´, Cu sX‰mb hnizm-ksØ Xß-fpsS

aX-Øns‚ Hcp `mK-am-bn-´mWv IW-°m-°n-bn-cp-∂-Xv. hnip≤

Jp¿-B\pw lZo-Yp-amWv AXn\v B[m-c-sa-∂-h¿ Icp-Xp-Ibpw

sNbvXn-cp-∂p. X≥aqew ÿnXn IqSp-X¬ bm-\-I-am-bn-Øo¿∂n-

cp-∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬, B Ah-ÿ-bn¬ iXp-°-fpsS BI-aWw

apk¬am∑msc amX-a-√, Ckvemans\Øs∂bpw _m[n-®n-cp∂p.

F∂m¬, ta¬]-d™ hnizm-k-ßƒ sX‰m-sW∂v ÿm]n-X-am-

b-tXmsS CØcw BI-a-W-ß-fn¬\n∂v Ckvemw c£n-°-s∏Sp

IXs∂ sNbvXp.

akolv auDu-Zns‚ Cu ]hr-Øn-bpsS c≠m-asØ `mKw

a‰p aX-ß-fpsS t\sc ]Xym-I-aWw \SØn Ahsb ]cm-P-b

s∏-Sp-Øp-I-sb-∂-Xm-Wv. Cu ]-hr-Ønbpw hfsc `wKn-bmbpw

Imcy-£-a-ambpw \n¿∆-ln-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p. Ct∏mgpw \n¿∆-ln

®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. C¥y, aX-ß-fpsS Hcp ]Z¿i-

\-im-e-bm-Wv. Cu cmPy-sØ-t∏mse CX-b-[nIw aX-ßƒ CX-

tØmfw i‡n-bmb \ne-bn¬ ImW-s∏-Sp∂ as‰mcp cmPyhpw

temI-Øn-√. ]tXy-In®v ]©m_v kwÿm\w F√m aX-ßfpsS

bpw tIµ-am-Wv. InkvXym-\n-Iƒ, Bcy-k-am-P-°m¿, kn°p-Iƒ,

_“-k-am-Pn-I¿, tZh kam-Pn-Iƒ F∂n-h-cp-sS-sb√mw ]h¿Ø

\w Chn-sS-bmWv tIµo-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. I¿Ω-ssN-X-\y-ap≈

GsXmcp aXhpw ]©m-_n¬ ImWm-Xn-cn-°-bn-√. AXp-sIm≠p

Xs∂ akolv auDuZv Fgp-t∂ev]n-°-s∏-Sm≥ G‰hpw ]‰nb

]tZiw ]©m_v Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. F√m aX-ßƒ°pw At±l-

hp-ambn am‰p-c-bv°m≥ AXp-sIm≠v km[n-®p. lZvdØv Alva

Zv(A) Cu aX-ß-fp-sS-sb√mwta¬ c≠p-hn-[-Ønepw hnPbw

ÿm]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. H∂m-aXv _p≤n-]-c-ambpw

]am-W-]-c-ambpw Ah-bpsS sX‰mb \ne At±lw sXfn-bn®p.

c≠m-aXv ssZhn-I-amb AS-bm-f-ßƒ sIm≠pw B≤ym-flnI

i‡n-sIm≠pw At±lw Ahsb ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw Ckv

emans\ hnP-bn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

152 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

InkvXp-a-X-Øn-s\-Xn-cn¬

BZy-ambn \ap°v InkvXp-a-XsØ ]cn-tim-[n-°mw. Inkv

Xp-a-X-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-ambn \ne-sIm-≈p-∂Xv aq∂v kn≤m¥-

ß-fm-Wv.

1. Xntb-IXzw: ssZhw aq∂v LS-I-ßƒ IqSn-t®¿∂-XmsW

∂ hnizm-kw. km[m-c-Wbmbn ssZh-sa∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp∂ ]nXm

hv, a\p-jy-cq]w ]q≠p temIØv Ah-Xo¿Æ\mb InkvXp-hm

Ip∂ ]pX≥, ]nXm-hn-s‚bpw ]pX-s‚bpw a≤y-h¿Øn-bmb

]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv. Cu aq∂p-t]cpw sht∆sd \ne-\n-ev]p≈ ssZh-

ß-fmWv. F∂n-cp-∂mepw, InkvXym-\-nI-fpsS A`n-]m-b-Øn¬

ssZhw aq∂-√, H∂p-X-s∂-bm-Wv.

2. InkvXp-hns‚ ssZhXzw: AXm-b-Xv, \kvtd-Øp-Im-c\mb

InkvXp a\p-jy-cq]w ]q≠mWv temIØv Ah-X-cn-®-sX-¶nepw

At±lw ssZhhpw ssZh-]p-X\pw Bbn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw ssZhw

At±-lsØ Ab-®Xv At±-l-Øns‚ _en-sIm≠v a\p-jy-kap-

Zm-bsØ ]m]-Øn¬\n∂v c£n-°m-\m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂pap≈ hn

izm-kw.

3. InkvXp-a-X-Ønse ]m]-]-cn-lm-c-kn-≤m¥w: AXm-bXv,

aqkm-\-_n-bpsS \ymb-]-am-W-a-\p-k-cn®v Hcp im]-am-bn-´p≈

Ipcn-ip-a-cWw a\p-jy-kp-Zm-b-Øn-\p-th-≠n InkvXp hcn-°pI

bpw Aßs\ At±-l-Øns‚ ac-W-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂ F√m

h-cp-sSbpw ]m]-ßƒ At±lw Gs‰-Sp-°p-Ibpw B im]-`m-c

Øns‚ Iogn¬ aq∂p Znhkw hsc Aa¿∂p InS-°p-Ibpw AXn-

\p-tijw Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂‰v BIm-i-Øn-te°pt]mbn aptº F

∂t]mse Xs‚ ]nXm-hns‚ he-Xp-`m-KØv Ccn-°p-Ibpw sN

bvXn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂ hnizm-kw.

auen-I-ambn Cu kn≤m-¥-ß-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-Ø-s∂, ]mb-›n

Øw IqSmsX Ir] sNøp-∂-Xv, AYhm ]›m-Øm-]-sØbpw

am\-km-¥-c-sØbpw kzoI-cn®v ]m]w s]mdpØp sImSp-°p-∂Xv,

ssZh-Øns‚ KpW-Øn¬ s] -X-s√∂pw InkvXym-\n-Iƒ hniz

kn-°p-∂p. AXv \oXn-hn-cp-≤-am-Wv.-a-\p-jy\v ]m]-Øns‚ _oPw

BZ-an¬ \n∂pw l∆m-bn¬\n∂pw ]mc-º-cy-ambn In´n-b-Xm-I-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 153

bm¬ Hcp a\p-jy\pw ]m]-Øn¬\n∂v \nt»jw ]cn-ip-≤-\m-

hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. adp-`m-KØv ]m]w s]mdp-°-s∏-Sp-I-bp-an-√.

AXp-sIm≠v tam£-Øn-\p-th≠n ]pd-Øp-\n∂v as‰-s¥-¶nepw

Hcp ]Xn-hn[n Bh-iy-am-bn-Øo¿∂p. AXmWv ]mb-›n-Øw,

AYhm InkvXp-hns‚ Ipcn-ip-a-c-Ww. CXn-\p-]p-d-sa, \ymb-]am

Ww Hcp im]-am-sW∂pw AXn¬\n∂v InkvXp \sΩ kzX¥-

cm-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂pwIqSn InkvXym-\n-Iƒ hniz-kn-°p-∂p.

C\n \ap°v lZvdØv AlvaZpw(A) ssIkvX-h-tem-Ihpw

XΩn¬ \S∂ hnhm-Z-sØ-∏-‰n, GsXm-∂ns‚ e-ambn \_nXn

cp-ta-\n-bpsS ]h-N-\-a-\p-k-cn®v Ipcnip apdn°pIbpw Z÷m-en

s‚ h[-e-£Ww ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂pthm B

alØpw ]cn-ip-≤-hp-amb ka-c-sØ-∏‰n ]Xn-]m-Zn-°mw. Hcphn-

[-Øn¬ lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) buh-\-]mbw apX¬°p Xs∂

InkvXym-\n-I-fp-ambn Cu B≤ym-flnIkacw \S-Øn-s°m-≠ncn-

°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. buh-\mcw-`-Øn¬ At±lw knbm¬tIm´v

It®-cn-bn¬ tPmen sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cp∂ ImeØv ]mXncn _ vf

¿ apX-em-b-h-cp-ambn aX-]c-amb N¿®-Iƒ \S-Øm-dp-≠m-bn-cp∂p

F∂-Xn\v hnizm-k-tbm-Ky-amb sXfn-hp-I-fp≠v. IqSm-sX, _dm

los\ AlvaZnømbpsS ]kn-≤o-I-cWw F√m aX-ÿ-tcmSpw

s]mXp-hn-ep≈ Hcp sh√p-hn-fn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ]tXy-In-®v, 1884˛¬

_dm-los\ AlvaZnømbpsS \memw- mKw A®-Sn-®-t∏mƒ At±

lw D¿Zp-hnepw Cw•o-jnepw Hcp hn⁄m-]\w 20,000 tIm∏n

A®-Sn-∏n®p ]kn≤w sNøp-I-bp-≠m-bn. bqtdm-∏n¬ ]e cmPy-

ß-fnepw Ata-cn-°-bnepw a‰pw henb tXmXn¬ AXv hnX-

cWw sNbvXp-sIm≠v AXns‚ ]kn-≤o-I-cWw ^e-]-Z-am-°n

Øo¿Øn-cp-∂p. NIh¿Øn-am¿, cmPm-°≥am¿, ]Pm-b-Ø-cm-

Py-ß-fnse ]kn-U-≠p-am¿, cmPy-Im-cy-X-¥-⁄≥am¿, XXz-

Nn-¥-I≥am¿, aX-t\-Xm-°ƒ F∂n-h-cpƒs∏-sS-bp≈ F√m ]

apJ hy‡n-Iƒ°pw AXv X]m¬ hgn cPn-Ã¿ sNbvXp Ab°p-

Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. ]kvXpX hn⁄m-]-\-Øn¬ F√m aXm\p-

bm-bn-Ifpw Blzm\w sNø-s∏- n-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw InkvXp-a-XØn

s‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-fn-emWv AXv ]tXy-I-ambn hnX-cWw sNøs∏-

´n-cp-∂-Xv. Xs∂ Cukm-a-ko-lns‚ amXr-I-bn¬ A√mlp Cu

\q‰m-≠nse apP-±n-Zmbn Ab-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw A√m-lp-hns‚

154 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

kmao]yw ]m]n-°p-hm-\p≈ am¿§w CkvemwaXw amX-am-sW∂v

Xm≥ apgp-h≥ temI-tØmSpw ]Jym-]n-°p-∂p-sh∂pw Xs‚hmZ-

Øn\v sXfnhv Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂hsc Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ Hcp-°am-

sW∂pw kXym-t\z-jn-Iƒ°v ssZhn-I-amb AS-bm-f-ßƒ Im

Wn®p sImSp°m-sa∂pw lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) B hn⁄m-]-\

Øn¬ ]Jym-]n-®n-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

CXv ]kn-≤-s∏-SpØn A[nIw sshIm-sX-Xs∂ At±lw

A®-Sn® Hcp IØv IqSn ]i-kvX-cmb ]mXncn-am¿, Bcy-k-am

P-°m¿, _“-k-am-P-°m¿, ]Ir-Xn-hm-Zn-Iƒ, FXn-cm-fn-I-fmb

aue-hn-am¿ F∂n-h¿°pw Ab®p sImSp-Øp. Ckvemans‚ kXy-

sØtbm Xs‚ hmZ-ß-sftbm kwi-bn-°p-Itbm ssZhn-I-amb

AS-bm-f-ßsf \ntj-[n-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂-h¿ kXym-t\z-jn-I

fmbns°m≠v JmZn-bm-\n¬ h∂p Xt∂m-sSm∏w Hcp sIm√w

Xma-kn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ah¿°v Xo¿®-bmbpw Xr]vXn-I-c-amb

AS-bm-f-ßƒ ImWm≥ Ign-bp-sa∂v ssZhnI hmKvZm-\w ap≥\n-

dpØn Xm≥ ]Jym-]n-°p-∂p-sh∂pw B ]co-£-W-Øn-\mbn

Ahsc £Wn-®p-sIm-≈p-∂p-sh∂pw At±lw B IØn¬ ]kv

Xmhn®n´p≠mbncp∂p. IqSmsX, Cu Hcp sIm√°meØn\nSbn

¬ Akm[mcWamb ASbmfßsfm∂pw ]Xy£s∏SmXncn

°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ \jvS-]-cn-lm-c-am-bnt´m ]ng-bm-bnt´m amk

Øn¬ 200I. Xm≥ sImSpØp sIm≈m-sa∂pw B IØn¬ A

t±lw ]d-™n-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

t\m°p-I, Xocp-am-\-Øn-\p≈ Cu am¿§w FX \oXn-]q¿∆

amWv Bhn-jv°-cn-°-s∏- -Xv. ]mXncn-am¿ Ah-cpsS Hcp ]Xn\n-

[nsb Xnc-s™-SpØv Hcp sIm√-tØ°v JmZn-bm-\n¬ Ab®n

cp-s∂-¶n¬, as‰m-∂p-an-s√-¶n¬ Ah-cpsS anjs‚ klm-b-Øn\m

bn Hcp \√ XpI-sb-¶nepw In´p-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ckvemans‚ ]cmPb

hpw Ah-cpsS hnP-bhpw Ah¿°v BtLm-jn-°p-Ibpw sNømam-

bn-cp∂p!! AtXmsS lZvdØv AlvaZn-s‚bpw(A) At±-lØn

s‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-fp-sSbpw \m°v Xo¿®-bmbpw \ni-–-am-Ip-ambn-

cp-∂p.]t£, kXysØ t\cn-Sm≥ Ak-Xy-Øn\v Ft∏mgpw t]

Sn-bm-W-t√m.\miw hen-®p-sIm-≠p-t]m-bm-e√msX AkXyw k

XyØns‚ ap∂n-te°v ASp-°p-I-bn-√. Chn-sS-bm-sW-¶n¬, Z

÷m¬ akolv auDu-Zns‚ apºn¬ h∂m¬ Pe-Øn¬ Ds∏-∂

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 155

t]mse Aen-bp-sa∂pw Ah≥ HmSn-c-£-s∏-Sm≥ ian-°p-sa∂pw

\_n-Xn-cp-ta\n Xs∂ ]h-Nn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p≠v! F∂ncn

t°, Fß-s\-bm-W-h¿ apt∂m´p hcnI? lZvdØv AlvaZv(A)

s]mXp-hn-⁄m-]-\-ßƒ sIm≠p-amXw Xr]vXn-s∏-SmsX kzIm-

cy-ambpw Nne ]mXncn-amsc X´n-bp-W¿Øp-Ibpw i‡n-bmbn

]tNm-Zn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. F¶nepw bmsXm-cmfpw apt∂m´ph

∂n-√. JmZn-bm-\n¬\n∂v ]Xn-s\m∂p \mgnI amXw Zqc-Øp≈

_´m-e-bn¬ A°m-eØv ]mXncn ssh‰v t_°v kmbv]v Xmakn

°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-sØbpw lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) Ht´

sd XhW Bh¿Øn®p £Wn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. At±-lhpw A\-

ßn-bn-√. t\m°p-I, ssIkvX-h-P-\-X-bpsSta¬ FX hy‡am

b hnP-b-amWv lZvdØv AlvaZv (A) ÿm]n-®Xv?

lZvdØv AlvaZns‚(A) ta¬]-d™ \n_-‘-\-b-\p-kcn-

®p≈ Xocp-am\w kzoI-cn-°m≥ ssIkvX-h-temIw Hcp-ßn-bns√

¶nepw1893¬ Aar-X-k-c- nse ]mXncn-am¿ aX-]-c-ambn Hcp hmZ

]-Xn-hmZw \S-Øm≥ kΩ-Xn-®p. Aßs\ InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS

`mK-Øp-\n∂v A_vZp√m BYw (-C.-F.-kn) Ah-cpsS h‡m-hm

bpw ]mXncn tXmakv lmh¬, ]mXncn Tm°q¿Zmkv apX-em-b

h¿ At±-l-Øns‚ klm-bn-I-fmbpw \n›-bn-°-s∏- p. Ckveman

s‚ mK-Øp-\n∂v Ckvemans‚ h‡m-hmbn lZvdØv AlvaZpw

(A) \n›-bn-°-s∏-´p. Aar-X-k-dn¬sh®v hmZ-]-Xn-hm-Zw Bcw-

`n-®p. InkvXym-\n-IfpsS mK-Øp-\n∂v an. am¿´n≥ ¢m¿°mbncp

∂p tbmKm-≤y-£≥. apkvenwIfpsS mKØp\n∂v ibvJv Kpemw

JmZn¿ kmln_pw. ]Xn-\©v Znhkwhsc hmZw \o≠p\n-∂p.

AXn¬ B¿°mWv Pb-ap-≠m-bXv F∂ Imcyw Rß-fnhnsS

]d-bp-∂n-√. hmZ]Xn-hm-Z-Øns‚ ]q¿Æ-hn-hcw Dƒs°m-≈p∂

KŸw "Ps¶ apJ-± v' F∂ t]cn¬ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n- p≠v. AXv

hmbn-®m¬, BcmWv ]cm-P-b-s∏-´Xv F∂ Imcyw Nn¥-I¿°v

Adn-bm≥ km[n-°pw. F∂m¬, hmZ-]-Xn-hm-Z-Ønse H∂pc≠v

Imcy-ßƒ ]tXyIw i≤n-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. B Imcyßsf ap≥\n-

dp-Øn-s°m≠v ]kvXpX KŸw ]mcm-bWw sNøp∂-h¿°v

Fs¥-∂n-√mØ Hcp B\-µ-ap-≠m-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.

H∂m-a-Xm-bn, F√m aX-ß-fp-sSbpw hmZ-sØbpw sXfn-hns\

bpw kw_-‘n®v G‰hpw \ymb-amb Hcp auenI XØzw lZvdØv

156 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

AlvaZv(A) D∂-bn-®p. AXv F√m X¿°-ß-fp-sSbpw thc-dp°m

≥ ]cym-]vX-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£, ssIkvXh kvt\ln-X≥am¿

AXn-te°v i≤ sNep-Øn-bn-√. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Ah¿°-Xn¬

i≤ sNep-Øm≥ Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. Imc-Ww, Aßs\ sNbv

Xm¬ Ah-cpsS hgn-ap- n-t∏m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p. B auen-I-XØz-sØ

∏‰n ]n∂oSv hni-Z-ambn ]Xn-]m-Zn®p sIm≈mw.

c≠m-a-Xm-bn, lZvdØv AlvaZns‚(A) i‡n-a-Ømb \ym

b-hm-Z-Øm¬ \n -lm-b-\m-bn-Øo¿∂ BYw kmbv]n\v kp]

kn-≤-amb ssIkvXh hnizm-ksØ Dt]-£n®p sIm≠v ]e

t∏mgpw Xs‚ kz¥w A`n-]m-b-Øns‚ XW-en¬ A`bw tXtS

≠nh∂p-sh∂v Nn¥m-i-‡n-bp-≈-h¿s°√mw a\- n-em-°m≥

Ign-™p. Fs¥-∂m¬, ]e ÿe-ß-fnepw At±lw ]pd-s∏-Sp

hn-®n- p≈ hmZ-ßfpw D∂-bn-®n- p≈ sXfn-hp-Ifpw A°m-esØ

AwKo-IrX ssIkvXh hnizm-k-ßƒ°v FXn-cm-bn-cp-∂p. At\

Iw ]mhiyw At±lw Xs‚ \ne-]mSv am‰p-Ibpw sNbvXp. C

Xp-X-s∂bpw lZvdØv AlvaZns‚(A) hnP-b-Øn\v A\n-tj[y-

am-sbmcp sXfn-hm-Wv. F∂m¬, FXn-cmfn FX-Xs∂ DØcw

ap´n-bmepw Xs‚ hmZw ssIsh-Sn-bp-I-bn-s√-∂p-≈Xv ]Xy-£-

am-W-t√m. Npcp-°n-∏-d-™m¬ B hmZ ]Xn-hmZw Ckveman\v

al-Øm-sbmcp hnP-bhpw InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°v hy‡-amsbmcp

]cm-P-b-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p.

AXn-\p-ti-jw, lZvdØv AlvaZn-s\-Xn-cmbn ]mXncn ^Xv

lv akolv cwK-Øn-d-ßm≥ BK-ln-®p. ]t£, At±-l-Øn\pw

I\Ø ]l-c-amWv Gevt°-≠n-h-∂-Xv. At±lw Xs‚ A[am-

h-ÿ-bpsS Hcp tcJ hnt´®p t]mbn- p-≠v. lZvdØv AlvaZv(A)

At±-l-Øns‚ Bt£-]-ßƒ°v Np´ adp-]Sn \evIp-Ibpw sN

bvXp.

AXn-\p-tijw lZvdØv AlvaZns‚(A) ap∂n¬ hcm≥ H

cp ]mXncn°pw ss[cy-ap-≠m-bn-´n-√. F¶nepw At±lw Xs‚

tPmen \n¿_m[w XpS¿∂psIm≠p-X-s∂-bn-cp-∂p. CXn-\n-S-bn¬

\qdp¬l-Jv, kndm-PvZo≥ sI Nm¿ khm-tem≥Im Phm-_v, InØm-

_p¬_-cnø F∂o D÷z-e-K-Ÿ-ßƒ At±lw cNn-°p-I-bp≠m-

bn. Ah-km-\-ambn 1900 Øn¬ ]©m-_nse tem¿Uv _nj∏v

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 157

ssd‰v dh-d≠v tPm¿÷v eo^msb sh√p-hn-fn®psIm≠v Inkv

Xym-\n-I-fpsStaep≈ hnPbw At±lw ]q¿Øn-bm-°p-Ibpw sN

bvXp. B sh√p-hn-fn-tbm-sSm-∂n®v lZvdØv AlvaZns‚ (A)t]

c-W-]-Imcw HcpIq´w AlvaZn-I-fpsS hI-bmbn Hcp A`y¿∞\

bpw _nj-∏n\v Ab-®n- p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. B A`y¿∞-\-bn¬ Cß

s\ Fgp-Xn-bn-cp∂p: ""Xm¶ƒ Cu \m´nse F√m InkvXym-\n

I-fp-sSbpw t\Xm-hm-Wv. AXn-\m¬, kXym-t\z-jnIsf kwXr-

]vXn-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠Xv Xm¶-fpsS IS-a-bm-Wv. Xm¶-fm-sW-¶n¬ hmZ-

]-Xn-hm-Z-Øn\v apkvenwIsf sh√p-hn-fn-®n- p-ap-≠v. AXp-sIm≠v

Cu kµ¿`-Øn¬ ]n≥am-dmsX kXym-k-Xy-ßƒ°v Xocp-am-\

ap-≠m-°m\pw Ckveman-s‚bpw InkvXp-a-X-Øn-s‚bpw kXy

sØ kw_-‘n®v lZvdØv AlvaZp-ambn emtlm-dn¬h®v Hcp

hmZ-]-Xn-hmZw \SØn a\p-jy-k-ap-Zm-b-Øn\v D]-Imcw sNøm

\pw Rßƒ InkvXp-hns‚ t]cn¬ Xm¶-tfmSv A`y¿∞n-°p

∂p.'' Cßs\ A`n-am-\sØ Nen-∏n-°p∂ hm°p-Iƒ D]-tbmKn

®v _nj∏v tPm¿Pv eo^msb hmZ-]-Xn-hm-Z-Øn\v £Wn-s®¶n

epw At±lw apt∂m´p h∂n-√. At\Iw Hgn-I-gn-hp-Iƒ ]d™v

At±lw amdn-°-f-™p.

]n∂oSv 1902¬ bqtdm-∏nepw Ata-cn-°-bnepw CkvemwaX

]Nm-c-W-Øn\pth≠n lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) "dnhyp -Hm v dneo-

Py≥kv' F∂ t]cn¬ Hcp Cw•ojv amknI Bcw-`n-®p. Ckvem

ans‚ kXysØ kw_-‘n®pw InkvXp-a-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbpw AXn

¬ ]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp∂ Kw`o-c-ßfpw D÷z-e-ß-fp-amb teJ

\-ßƒ InkvXym-\n-Isf Aºcn-∏n-®p. Ah-bpsS \nkvXp-em-h

ÿsb At\Iw \njv]-£-_p-≤n-I-fmb InkvXym-\n-Iƒ Xs∂

bpw kΩ-Xn-®n- p-≠v. Xntb-IXz kn≤m¥w ssIkvXhthZ]pkv

X-I-Øns‚ A≤ym-]-\-Øn-s\-∂√, a\p-jy-]-Ir-Xn°pw _p≤n

°p Xs∂bpw FXn-cm-sW∂v At±lw ]am-W-]-chpw _p≤n]-

c-hp-amb sXfn-hp-I-fm¬ ÿm]n-®p. aq∂v ssZhw D≠m-hp-I-sb

∂Xv c≠n-semcphn[-Øn-em-hmt\ hgn-bp-≈q. H∂p-In¬ Hmtcm

ssZhhpw Xm¥m-ß-fpsS ÿm\Øv ]cn-]q¿Æ-\m-bn-cn-°-Ww.

AXm-b-Xv, ssZh-Øns‚ F√m KpW-ßfpw ]cn-]q¿Æ-amb \ne

bn¬ Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw Dƒs°m-≠n-cn-°Ww; AX-s√-¶n¬ Ah¿

HmtcmcpØcpw ]cn-]q¿Æ-\-√m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw aq∂pw H∂m-bn-

158 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

t®¿∂m¬ amXw ]cn-]q¿Æ-am-hp-Ibpw thWw. BZyw ]d™

hn[-Øn-em-sW-¶n¬ aq∂v ssZh-ßƒ D≠mbn-cn-°p-∂Xv Bh-

iy-an-√mØ Hcp Imcy-am-Wv. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬, aq∂p-t]-cn¬

Hmtcm-cp-Ø\pw ]cn-]q¿Æ-\m-bn-cns° ]c-kv]c klmbw IqSm

sX Hmtcm-cp-Ø\pw H‰bv°v Cu ]]-©sØ \S-Øm≥ Ign-

bpw. AXn-\m¬, Hcp ssZh-Øn\v sNøm≥ Ign-bp∂ ]hr-Øn°v

aq∂v ssZh-ßƒ Bh-iy-an-√. AYhm c≠v ssZh-Øn\v sNøm≥

Ign-bp∂ ]hr-Øn°v aq∂v ssZh-ßƒ Bh-iy-an-√. AYhm c

≠m-aXv ]d-™-hn-[-Øn-em-sW-¶n¬, AXm-b-Xv, H‰-bvs°m-‰bv°v

]cn-]q¿Æa-s√-¶n¬, Cu ]]-©sØ \S-Øm≥ i‡-\-s√¶n¬

Hmtcm-cp-Ø\pw \yq\-X-bp-≈-h-\m-bn-cn-°pw. \yq\-X-bp-≈-h≥

ssZh-am-Im≥ ]mSn-√. Cu hn[-Øn-ep≈ bp‡n hmZ-ß-fm¬

lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) Xntb-I-Xz-kn-≤m-¥Øns‚ A_≤w sX

fn-bn-®p. IqSmsX InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS hnizm-k-ßƒ°v ASn-ÿm

\-am-bn-cn-°p∂ thZ-]p-kvXIw Xntb-IXz kn≤m¥sØ A\p

Iq-en-°p-∂n-s√∂pw t\sc-a-dn-®v, AXns‚ bYm¿∞ A≤ym-]\w

GI-ssZh kn≤m-¥-am-sW∂pw At±lw tcJm-aqew ÿm]n°p-

Ibpw sNbvXp.

AXp-t]mseØs∂ InkvXp ssZh-am-sW∂ kn≤m-¥-

Øn≥ ta¬ At±-l-ta¬]n® BLmXw \nan-Øw, InkvXym-

\n-Iƒ°v InkvXp-hns\ ssZh-am-sW∂v sXfn-bn-°p-∂tXm

t]mI-s´, Hcp ]cn-]q¿Æ-a-\p-jy-\m-sW∂p sXfn-bn-°p-∂-Xp-

t]mepw Akm[y-am-bn-Øo¿∂p. AXn-\p-]p-d-sa, ]m]-]-cn-lmc

kn≤m-¥sØ J fin®p sIm≠pw Kw`o-c-ß-fmb teJ-\-ßƒ

At±lw FgpXn. B teJ-\-ßƒ DØcw ap´n-°p-∂-h-bm-sW∂v

Nne InkvXym\n-Iƒ°pXs∂bpw kΩ-Xn-t°-≠n-h-∂p. ]m]-

]-cn-lm-c-kn-≤m¥w a\pjy ]Ir-Xn°v hncp-≤-am-sW-∂-t±lw

ÿm]n-®p. At¥mWn-bpsS c‡wsIm≠v A¥-∏s‚ ]m]w

s]mdp-°p-I-sb∂ kn≤m ¥w sh®p s]mdp-∏n-°m≥ t]mepw

_p≤n kΩ-Xn-°p-I-bn√. kXy-hn-izmkwsIm≠v amXta ]m]w

Zqc-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≈q-sh∂pw AXn\v bmsXmcp hn[-amb c‡-_-

enbpw Bh-iy-an-s√∂pw At±lw sXfn-bn-®p. Cu A`n-]m-b-

Øns‚ \nc¿∞-IX ÿm]n °m-\mbn At±lw ]am-W-ßƒ

D≤-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ ]mb-›nØw

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 159

IqSmsX ssZhw IcpW sNøp-I bns√-∂p≈ km¶¬]nI

kn≤m-¥-Øns‚ A_≤w At±lw Xpd∂p Imń. Npcp-°n-∏-d-

™m¬, InkvXp-asØ kw_-‘n®v ]am-W-]-chpw _p≤n-]-c-

hp-amb am¿§-Øn¬°qSn G‰hpw i‡n aØpw kc-f-hp-amb

hmZ-amWv At±lw \S-Øn-bn-´p-≈-Xv. At± lw AXn-t\ev]n-

®n-´p≈ ]l-c-ß-fm-hs´ c£-s∏-Sm≥ km[n °m-Ø-hn[w ITn-

\-hp-am-Wv.

Cu hn[w hmZw \S-Øn-b-Xn\p ]pdsa as‰mcp al-Ømb

]hr-Øn-IqSn At±lw sNbvXn- p-≠v. AXv InkvXp-a-X-am-Ip∂

sIń-S-Øns‚ ASn-Ø-dsbØs∂ XI¿°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Cukm\-

_n-bpsS Ipcn-ip-kw-`-h-sØbpw I_vdn-s\bpw kw_-‘n®v A

t±lw \S-Ønb Kth-j-W-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. At±lw thZ-]pkv

X-I-Ønse ]pXnb \nbaw (C-©o¬) sIm≠pw NcnXw sIm

≠pw Xmsg ]d-bp∂ bmYm¿∞y-ßƒ kqcy-]-Imiw t]mse

Xpd∂p Imń.

H∂m-a-Xm-bn, ]m]-]-cn-lmc kn≤m-¥-amIp∂ sIńSw \ndp

Ø-s∏- n- p≈ Ipcn-ip-a-c-WsØ kw_-‘n®v, InkvXp Ipcnin≥

ta¬ Ib-‰-s∏ń-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw AXn≥ta¬h®v acn-®ncp∂ns√

∂pw ]Xyp-X, taml-mekym-h-ÿ-bn¬ Poh-t\msS AXn¬\n∂v

Cd-°-s∏-Sp-I-bmWv sNbvX-sX∂pw bmsXm-cp-hn-[-amb kwib

Øn\pw CS-bn-√m-Ø-hn[w A\n-tj-[y-ß-fmb tcJ-I-fm¬ At±

lw ÿm]n-®p.

c≠ma-Xv, ssZh-am-°-s∏- n- p≈ InkvXp km[m-c-W-t]mse

ac-W-s∏´p t]mbn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v kap-÷z-e-tc-J-IƒsIm≠v A

t±lw sXfn-bn-®p.

aq∂m-a-Xv, Ipcnipkw -h-Øn\ptijw InkvXp, Xs‚ cmPyw

hn´p Imivao-cn-te°v t]msb∂pw Ahn-sS-sh®v ac-W-s∏ v io\

K-dnse Jm≥bm¿ apl-√-bn¬ I_v-d-S°w sNø-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂psh

∂pw Ncn-X-]-c-amb tcJ-IƒsIm≠pw ]pcm-h-kvXp-°-fpsS AS

bm-f-ßƒsIm≠pw At±lw ka¿∞n-®p.

At±lw \S-Ønb al-Ømb Kth-j-W-Øns‚ Cu aq∂v

ê-ßƒ InkvXp-aX kn≤m-¥-ßsf GXp hn[-Øn-emWv _m

160 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

[n-°p-∂-sX∂v t\m°p-I. InkvXp-hns‚ ssZh-Xzhpw ]m]-]cn-

lmc kn≤m-¥hpw sXs√-¶nepw AXn-\p-tijw Ah-ti-jn°p-

∂pt≠m? tbip-InkvXp Ipcn-in≥ta¬ acn-°msX Poh-t\msS

AXn¬\n∂v Cd-°-s∏-Sp-I-bmWv sNbvX-sX-¶n¬ ]m]-]-cn-lmc

kn≤m¥w Atº XI¿∂p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. tbip-InkvXp a‰p

a\p-jy-sc-t∏mse Xs‚ Pohn-X-Imew `qan-bn¬ Ign®p Iq´p-I

bpw kzm`m-hn-I-a-cWw ]m]n-°p-Ibpw qan-bn¬ I-_v-d-S°w sN

ø-s∏-Sp-Ibpw BWv sNbvX-sX-¶n¬ C∂p ImWp∂ InkvXpaX-

Øns‚ F√m ]k-‡nbpw \jvS-s∏-Sp-∂p. tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚

I_v¿ Is≠-Øn-b-tXmsS tbipIn-kvXp-hn¬ Btcm-]n®pb¿

Ø-s∏´ ssZhn-I-Xzhpw I_v-dn¬ ad-b-S-°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p! ChnsS

kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw XI¿∂p Xcn-∏-W-ambn \new s]mØp-∂Xv

InkvXp-a-X-am-Ip∂ sI´n-S-am-sW∂ Imcy-Øn¬ B¿s°-¶nepw

X¿°-ap-≠m-hp-sa∂v hnNm-cn-°m-h-X√! At±lw amX-a-√, At±-

l-Øns‚ ssZh-Xzhpw I_v-d-S°w sNø-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. InkvXp-

a-X-am-Ip∂ sI´nSwXs∂ IØn-sb-cn™v ]pI-bmbn BIm-i

Øn¬ hnebw ]m]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

B≤ym-flnI ]co-£Ww

CXn\pw ]pdsa lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) B≤ym-fln-I-amb ]

co-£-W-Øn\v th≠nbpw InkvXym-\n-Isf sh√p-hn-fn-®p. At±

lw ASn-°Sn Ah-tcmSv C]-Imcw Blzm\w sNbvXp. InkvXp

ImWn-®-Xmbn Icp-X-s∏-Sp∂ A¤p-X-Ir-Xy-ßƒ ISp-I-fhp hn

izm-k-ap-≈-h¿°p-t]mepw ImWn-°m≥ Ign-bp-sa∂v hmZn-°p-∂h-

cmWv \nßƒ. AXv hmkvX-h-am-sW-¶n¬ \nßƒ F\n-s°-Xn

cmbn h∂p \nß-fpsS hnizmkw sXfn-bn-°p-hn≥. Rm≥ Inkv

Xp-hns‚ ssZh-XzsØ \ntj-[n-°p-∂-h-\mWv F∂p amX-a-√,

At±-l-sØ-°mƒ tijvT-\mWv Rms\-∂mWv Fs‚ hnizm

kw . At±lw Xo¿®-bmbpw A√m-lp-hns‚ ]hm-N-I≥am-cn¬

Hcm-fm-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ A√mlp F\n°v At±-l-Øn-t‚-Xnt\-

°mƒ Db¿∂ ]Zhn \evIn-bn- p-≠v. ]m]-]-cn-lm-c-am-Ip∂ c‡-

kn-≤m-¥hpw sX‰m-sW∂v Rm≥ hniz-kn-°p-∂p. \nß-fn¬

B¿s°-¶nepw ss[cy-ap-s≠-¶n¬ B≤ym-flnI ]co-£-W-Øn-

\mbn Fs‚ apºn¬ hcp-hn≥. ]m¿∞-\-bnepw B≤ym-flnI

kn≤n-bnepw Ft∂mSv a’-cn-°p-hn≥. F∂n-´v, ssZhw BcpsS

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 161

`mK-Øm-sW∂v t\m°p-I. At±lw Cß-s\bpw Fgp-Xp-I-bp

≠mbn: \dp-°n-´p--sIm≠v `b-¶-c-amb tcmKw _m[n® GXm\pw

t]sc F\n°p Xcn-I. GXm\pw t]sc \nßfpw FSp-°p-I.

Rm≥ Fs‚ tcmKn-Iƒ°p th≠n Ahsc kpJ-s∏-Sp-Øm-\mbn

ssZh-tØmSv ]m¿∞n-°p-Ibpw sNømw. \nßƒ \nß-fpsS

tcmKn-I-fpsS kpJ-]m-]vXn-°mbn \nß-fpsS aio-lm-tbm-Spw

]m¿∞n-°p-I. \nß-fpsS uXn-I-hn-⁄m-\-Øns‚ klm-bØm

¬ \nßƒ°-hsc NnIn-’n-°p-Ibpw sNømw. F∂n´v BcpsS

ssZh-amWv tasesb∂pw BcmWv hnP-bn-°p-∂-sX∂pw

BcmWv ]cm-P-b-s∏´p \nµy-cm-hp-∂-sX∂pw \ap°v t\m°mw.

At±lw Cu Blzm-\w ]e ]mhiyw Bh¿Øn-°p-Ibpw A

Xp-kw-_-‘n®v AkwJyw ]c-ky-ßƒ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp. A`n-am-\sØ hnPyw- n-∏n-®p-sIm≠v ]mXncn-amsc At±

lw Bh¿Øn®p hnfn-®p. henb henb _nj-∏p-am¿°v £W°-

Øp-Iƒ Ab-®p. ]t£, B¿°pw apt∂m´p hcm≥ ss[cyap≠m-

bn-√. CXn¬ Ihn™ Hcp B≤ym-flnI acWw B kap-Zm-b

Øn\v as‰-¥p≠v t\cn-Sm≥?

A_vZp√m BY-an-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ ]h-N\w

IqSmsX, 1893 ¬ AarXkc- n¬h®v InkvXym-\n-I-fp-ambn

\S-∂Xpw Ps¶-ap-J-±kv F∂ t]cn¬ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏- -Xpam

b B Kw`oc hnhm-Z-Øn\p tijw InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS h‡mhm-

bn-cp∂ A_vZp√m BY-an-s\-∏‰n At±lw Xmsg ]dbpw ]Imc-

samcp ]h-N\w ]kn-≤-s∏-SpØn: ""A_vZp-√m-B-Yw, \_n-Xn-

cp-ta-\nsb Z÷m-se∂p ]d-bp-Ibpw Fs∂bpw Ckvemw aX

sØbpw Bt£-]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Abmƒ Atß-b‰w A_

≤-amb kn≤m-¥-ßsf A\p-Iq-en-°p-Ibpw \ymbo-I-cn-°p-I-bpam

Wv sNøp-∂-Xv. AXn-\m¬ Abmƒ kXy-Øn-te°p aS-ßmØ

]£w 15 amk-Øn-\p-≈n¬ ac-W-am-Ip∂ Ah-K¿Ø-Øn-te°v

X≈-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv.'' Cu ]h-N\w BY-ans‚ lrZ-b-Øn-ep≠m-

°nb `bw ITn-\-am-bn-cp-∂p. CXv ]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Ønb kZ- n¬

sh®pXs∂ Abmƒ \mhv ]pd-tØ°v\o´n-s°m≠pw sNhn ssI

sIm≠v Aa¿Øn-∏n-Sn®psIm≠pw Xm≥ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\nsb Z÷m

se∂v hnfn-®n- n-s√-∂v ]d-™p. AXn-\p-tijw Imew IS∂pt]m

Ip-t¥mdpw At±-l-Øns‚ bhpw ]cn- -ahpw h¿≤n®psImt≠

162 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

bn-cp-∂p. At±lw Akz-ÿ-\mbn Hcp \K-c-Øn¬\n∂v as‰mcp

\K-c-Øn-te°v t]mIm≥ XpS-ßn. `bw \nd™ `mh-\-bn¬ Nn

e-t∏mƒ hmtfmßn \nev°p∂ Bfp-Isf At±lw I≠n-cp∂p;

Nne-t∏mƒ k¿∏-ß-tfbpw. At±lw Ckveman-s\-Xn-cmbn Hc

£cwt]mepw Dcn-bm-Sm-sXbpw Fgp-Xm-sX-bp-an-cp-∂p. B Znhk-

ß-fn¬ H‰-°n-cp∂p At±lw hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ HmXpI IqSn

sNbvXn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw Adn-hm-bn-cn-°p-∂p. InkvXym-\n-Iƒ At±

l-Øns‚ `b-∏mSv Ipd-bv°p-∂-Xn-\mbn At±-l-Øns‚ ASp-

°¬ t]meo-kp-Imsc Imh¬ \ndp-Øn-bn-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. F∂n

´pw At±-l-Øn\v t]Sn h¿≤n®p sIm≠n-cn-°pI Xs∂ sNbvXp.

HSp-hn¬, At±-l-Øns‚ ÿnXn CX-tØmfw Kpcp-X-c-am-bnØo

¿∂p. aZyw sImSpØp At±-lsØ t_m[-c-ln-X-\m°n InStØ-

≠n-h-∂p. Npcp-°-Øn¬, \_n Xncp-ta-\n-bp-sSbpw Ckvemans‚

bpw kXy-Øm¬ Xm≥ hn-lz-e\pw ]cn-`m-¥-\p-am-bn-cn-°p-∂psh

∂v At±lw kzbw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn. AXn-\m¬, ]h-N-\-Ønse

\n_-‘-\-b-\p-k-cn®v \n›-bn-°-s∏´ Ah-[n-°p-≈n¬ \mi-a

S-bp-∂-Xn¬\n∂v At±-lsØ A√mlp c£n-®p.

]t£, A√m-lp-hns‚ B Imcp-Wy-Øn¬\n∂v ^e-sa-Sp

°m≥ InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°v Ign-™n-√. I≈-hm-Zn-I-fpsS ]Xn-h

\p-k-cn-®v, Ah[n Ign-™-t∏mƒ Ah¿ ]h-N\w sX‰n-t∏msb

∂v ]d-bm≥ XpS-ßn. CXn\v adp-]-Sn-bmbn ]h-N-\-Øn¬ ]d™-

X-\p-k-cn®p Xs∂-bmWv BYw c£n-°-s∏-´-sX∂v lZvdØv

AlvaZv(A) sXfn-thm-Sp-IqSn Ahsc t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ ian-

®p. ]h-N-\-Øn¬ c≠v km[y-X-I-fmWv ]d™n- p-≈Xv BYw

am\-km-¥-c-s∏ v aS-ßm-Xn-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ 15 amk-Øn-\p≈n

¬ \mi-a-S-bp-sa∂pw am\-km-¥-c-s∏ v aS-ßp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ c£

s∏-Sp-sa∂pw. AXm-b-Xv, Hcp hn[-Øn¬ At±-l-Øns‚ \mi

sØ-∏-‰nbpw as‰mcp hn[-Øn¬ c£-sb-∏-‰n-bp-ap≈ ]h-N-\am-

bn-cp∂p AXv. B \ne-b°v ]›m-Ø-]n®v ]n≥hm-ßp-I-bm¬

At±lw \mi-Øn¬\n∂v c£-s∏Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn. CXv ]h-N\

sØ ]Xn-Iqeambn _m[n-°p-∂n-√. ]h-N-\-Øns‚ bYm¿∞am

b ]pe¿®-X-s∂-bm-Wn-Xv. F∂m¬, InkvXym-\n-Iƒ CXp kΩ

Xn-®n√; AYhm kΩ-Xn-°m≥ ss[cy-s∏- n-√. AXn-s\-Øp-S¿∂v

lZvdØv AlvaZns‚(A) CkvemanIm- n-am\w hnPrw- n-®p. At±

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 163

lw Hcp eLp-teJ apJm-¥cw BY-ans\ sh√p-hn-fn®p sIm≠v

C]-Imcw ]d™p: ""]h-N-\-Øm¬ Xm≥ -N-In-X-\m-bn- n-s√∂pw

Ckvemans‚ mK-tØ°v aS-ßn-bn- n-s√∂pw BYw kXyw sNø

s´. F∂n v Hcp sIm√-Øn-\p-≈n¬ \mi-a-S-bm-Xn-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-

¶n¬ Rm≥ Abmƒ°v 1000 Ddp-∏nI C\mw \evImw. Aßs\

h∂m¬ Abmƒ kXy-hm\pw Rm≥ I≈-hm-Zn-bp-am-bn-cn-°pw.

Cu XpI Ct∏mƒXs∂ GsX-¶n-ep-samcp a≤y-ÿs‚ ssIbn¬

Gev]n-°m≥ Rm≥ Hcp-°-am-Wv. GXp-hn-[-Øn¬ thW-sa-¶nepw

Dd∏p hmßmw. ]t£, BYw kmbv]v kXyw sNøm≥ apt∂m´p

h-∂n-√.''

AXn-\p-tijw lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) ho≠pw Hcp eLpte

J ]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øn. Xm≥ ]›m-Ø-]n®p aS-ßn-bn-cp-∂n-s√∂v

BYw kXyw sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ c≠m-bncw Ddp-∏nI \evImsa

∂v At±-l-a-Xn¬ ]d-™n-cp-∂p. F∂n´pw BYw au\w Zo£n

°p-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. ho≠pw At±lw aq∂m-asØ eLp-teJ

]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øn. BYw kXyw sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ aqhmbncw

Ddp-∏nI kΩm\w sImSp°m-sa∂v A-Xn¬ ]d-™n-cp-∂p. AXn

\pw BYw adp-]Sn ]d-™n-√. ho≠pw kΩm-\-kwJy \membncw

Ddp-∏n-I-bm°n h¿≤n-∏n-®p-sIm≠v \mem-asØ eLp-teJ At±

lw ]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øn. AXn¬ At±lw FgpXn: ]h-N-\sØIp

dn-®p≈ bw lrZ-bsØ kv]¿in-®n-cp-∂n-s√∂pw \nßƒ ]›m

Ø-]n®p aS-ßn-bn-cp-∂n-s√∂pw kXyw sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Rm

≥ \nßƒ°v sdm°-kw-Jy-bmbn 4000-I. kΩm-\-ambn X∂psIm

≈mw. C]-Imcw kXyw sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Hcp sIm√-Øn\p-

≈n¬ \nß-fpsS \miw Xo¿®-bm-Wv. AXn\p bmsXmcp \n_-

‘-\-bp-an-√. AY-hm, kXyw sNømXncn°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, au\-

Øm¬ kXyw ad-®p-sh-°m-\mWv \nßƒ BK-ln-°p-∂-sX∂v

_p≤n-bp-≈-h¿ Xocp-am-\n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Cu Ah-ÿbn¬ Rm≥

Hcp sIm√sØ Ah[n \n›-bn-°p-∂n-√. F¶nepw AXn-th-K

Øn¬ \nß-fpsS \mi-ap-≠m-Ip-sa∂v Rm≥ ]h-Nn®p sIm≈p

∂p. Hcp IrXn-a-ssZ-h-Øn\pw \nßsf B \mi-Øn¬ \n∂v c

£n-°m≥ km[n-°p-I-bn-√.

1895 Unkw-_¿ amkw 30-˛mw XnbXn CtX hnjbw Bh¿

Øn®psIm≠v At±lw as‰mcp eLp-teJ IqSn ]kn-≤-s∏-Sp

164 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

Øn. AXn¬ ]d-™n-cp-∂-Xm-WnXv: ""GsXm-cp-hs‚ ssIøn¬

Fs‚ Poh≥ Ccn-°p-∂pthm Ah-\msW! BYw kXyw sNøm

≥ Hcp-°-am-sW-¶n¬ Rm≥ D∂-bn-®-Xmb hm°p-I-tfm-Sp-IqSn

(]-Xn-\©p amksØ Ah-[n-°p-≈n¬ ]h-N-\-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈

`bw At±-lsØ _m[n-®n-cp-∂n-s√∂pw Ckvemans‚ kXyw

At±-l-Øns‚ lrZ-b-Øn¬ anI®p h∂n-cp-∂n-s√∂pw At±lw

]›m-Ø-]n®p aS-ßn-bn-cp-∂n-s√-∂pw) Hcp P\-°q- -Øns‚ apºn

¬ sh®p Fs‚ km∂n-[y-Øn¬ At±lw aq∂p]mhiyw kXyw

sNø-s´. Rßƒ Bao≥ sNm√mw. F∂m¬, AtX ka-bØv

\mem-bncw Ddp-∏nI Rm≥ At±-l-Øn\v sImSp-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

kXyw sNbvX XnøXn apX¬ Hcp sIm√-°mew At±lw Pohn

®n-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ B kwJy At±-l-Øn-\p-≈-Xm-bn-cn-°pw.

AXn-\p-tijw P\-ßƒ F¥v in£-sb-¶nepw F\n°v X∂p

sIm-≈-s´. hmfp sIm≠v Fs∂ IjWw IjW-ambn \pdp-°p

I-bm-sW-¶nepw F\n-°Xv kΩ-X-am-bn-cn-°pw. temI-Ønse in

£-I-fn¬ sh®v G‰hpw ITn-\-amb in£ Xcn-I-bm-sW-¶nepw

Rm\-Xpw \nc-kn-°p-I-bn-√. At±lw kXyw sNbvX-Xn-\p-tijw

Fs‚ ]h-N\ ]Imcw Xs∂ Rm≥ I≈-\m-bn-Øo-cp-I-bmsW-

¶n¬ AXn-t\-°mƒ A]-am-\-I-c-ambn F\n°v as‰¥v t\cn-Sm

\p≠v?''

hmb-\-°m¿ ssZh-i-‡n-bpsS hnf-bm-´-sam∂p t\m°p-I.

Cu HSp-hn-esØ eLp-teJ ]kn-≤-s∏-SpØn 7 amkw XnIbp-

∂-Xn\p aptº 1896 Pqembv 27˛\p BYw Ft∂-°p-ambn Cltem-

I-hmkw shSn-™p. BYw ac-W-a-S-™-Xn-\p-tijw iXp-°fp

sSta¬ IqSp-X¬ \ymbw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-\mbn InkvXym\n-

I-tfbpw as‰√m iXp-°-tfbpw A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNbvXpsIm

≠v lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) C]-Imcw FgpXn:

""BY-ans‚ I≈-Ø-c-sØ-∏‰n C\nbpw GsX-¶n-ep-samcp

InkvXym-\n°v kwi-b-ap-s≠-¶n¬ B kwibw ssZhn-I-amb

AS-bm-f-ßƒsIm≠v Xo¿Øp-sIm-≈-s´. BYw ]h-N-\-a-\p-k-

cn®v ac-W-a-S™pt]mbn. AXp-sIm≠v a‰m-sc-¶nepw At±-lØn

s‚ ]Xn-\n-[n-bmbns°m≠v At±-l-Øn\pth≠n kXyw sNø-

s´. AXm-bXv BZw ]h-N-\-Øns‚ al-ØzsØ b-s∏- n-cp∂n-

s√∂pw t\sc-a-dn®v At±-l-Øn\pt\sc ]pd-ta-\n-∂p≈ BI-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 165

aWw D≠m-hp-I-bmWv sNbvX-sX∂pw kXyw sNø-s´(l-ZvdØv

AlvaZv(A) BY-ans\ `b-s∏-Sp-Øm-\mbn JUvK-[m-cn-I-fmb

Bfp-Isf Ab-s®∂pw ]mºp-Isf hns´∂pw \mbv°sf ]cnio-

en-∏n-®p-hn-s´∂pw a‰pw iXp-°ƒ ]d-™n-cp-∂p. \Du-Zp-_n-√mlv

an≥Zm-enIv) Aßs\ kXyw sNøp-∂-h≥ Hcp sIm√w XnI®pw

Pohn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Fs‚ ]h-N\w sX‰mbn ]pe¿∂p

sh∂v Rm≥ ]ckyw sNøm-sa∂v Ct∏mƒ Xs∂ hmKvZm\w

sNbvXp-sIm-≈p-∂p. B kXy-Øn\v bmsXmcp hn[-amb \n_

‘-\bpw Bh-iy-an-√. AXv G‰hpw hy‡-am-sbmcp Xocp-am-\

am-bn-cn-°pw. A√m-lp-hns‚ ]°¬ BcmWv sX‰p-Im-c-s\-∂m¬

Ahs‚ sX‰v ]Xy-£-am-Ipw.

F∂m¬ Cu ]mh-iyhpw InkvXp-a-X-Øns‚ Hcp [oc-k

¥m-\hpw kXy-]-co-£-°mbn apt∂m´p h∂n-√. A√mlphn\p

kvXpXn ˛ Ckveman-s\-Xn-cn¬ InkvXp-a-X-Øn\v t\cn´ FX

henb A]-am-\hpw ]cm-P-b-hp-am-bn-cp∂p AXv! ]t£, IÆn√m-

Ø-h¿°v AXv ImWm≥ Ign-bp-∂-sX-ßs\!

BY-ans‚ A]-am-\-I-c-amb Cu acWw ssIkvXh kapl-

Øn¬ ]I-bp-sSbpw Akq-b-bp-sSbpw Xo Bfn-°-Øn-®p. Fs¥

∂m¬ At±lw acn-®n´v A[n-I-Imew Ign-bp-∂-Xn\p aptº A

ar-X-kdnse hmZ-]-Xn-hm-Z-Øn¬ BY-ans‚ klm-bnbpw kl

Im-cn-bp-am-bn-cp∂ Aar-X-kdnse Hcp ]kn≤ ]mXncn tUmIvS¿

am¿´n≥ ¢m¿°v, lZvdØv AlvaZns‚ (A) t]cn¬ sImebv°p

t]cn-∏n®p F∂ Ip‰w Npa-Øn-s°m≠v Hcp I≈-t°kv b¬

sNbvXp. lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) Plvew tZi-°m-c-\mb Hcp A_v

Zp¬ lao-Zn-s\, Xs∂ h[n-°m-\mbn Aar-X-k-c- n-te°v Ab

®p F∂m-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ hmZw. b-s∏-Sp-Ønbpw ]tem

-\-ßƒ \evInbpw A_vZp¬ lao-Zns\ sIm≠v Xs‚ hmZØn-

\-\p-Iq-e-ambn At±lw samgn sImSp-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu

tI v hnNm-c-Wbv°v hcp-∂-Xn\v aptº X\n-s°-Xn-cmbn Hcp

tI v D≠m-hp-∂-Xm-sW∂pw F∂m¬, AXns‚ ew hntamN-

\-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw lZvdØv AlvaZns\(A) A√mlp C¬

lmw hgn Adn-bn-®n-cp-∂p. lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) B C¬lmw

]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn-\p-tijw tI ns‚ \S]-

Sn-Iƒ Bcw- n-®p. Bcy-k-am-P-°mcpw AlvaZnIf√mØ apk¬

166 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

am≥amcpw ]c-ky-ambn InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS `mKw tNcp-Ibpw

Ahsc klm-bn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. am¿´n≥ ¢m¿°n-\p- th≠n

Bcy-k-am-Pn-I-fmb h°o¬am¿ kuP-\y-ambn tI v hmZn-®p.

apkvenw aue-hn-am¿ D’m-l-]q¿∆w apt∂m´p h∂v lZvdØv

AlvaZn-s\(A)-Xn-cmbn km£n ]d-™p. F∂m¬, \ymbm-[n]-

\m-bn-cp∂ Kp¿Zm-kv]q-cnse sU]yp´n IΩo-j-W¿ Iym]v‰≥

U•-kn\p A√mlp kXyw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-Øp. HSp-hn¬,

Cu tI p IrXna-am-sW∂pw C∂n-∂-hn[w samgn-sIm-Sp-°phm≥

Xs∂ ]mXncn-am¿ ]Tn-∏n-®-Xm-sW∂pw A_vZp¬ laoZv Iym]v

‰≥ U•-kns‚ Im¬°¬ hoWv Ic™psIm≠v kΩ-Xn-®p. A

√m-lp-hns‚ kphn-ti-j-a-\p-k-cn®v lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) _lp-

am-\-]q¿∆w hn -b-°-s∏- p. F∂m¬, ssIkvXh ]mXncnam-cpsS

s\‰n-bn¬ A]-am-\w, ]cm-P-bw, If-hv, KqVm-tem-N-\, ht[mt±

iyw F∂n-h-bpsS Icn-¶e hogp-Ibpw Ckveman\p al-Ømsbm

cp hnPbw ssIh-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

InkvXym-\n-Iƒs°-Xn-cn¬ ap_m-le

InkvXym-\n-I-fn¬\n∂v BcpwXs∂ ]m¿∞-\bvt°m B

≤ym-flnI ]co-£-W-Ønt\m apt∂m´p hcp-∂n-s√∂v I≠-t∏mƒ

lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) Ahsc ap_m-l-e-bv°p-th≠n Blzm\w

sNbvXp. AXm-bXv InkvXp-aXw kXy-am-sW∂p InkvXym-\n

Iƒ hniz-kn-°p-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ Xm\p-ambn ap_m-le \S-Øp-hm

\pw Xs‚ apºmsI h∂p Xmsg ]dbpw ]Imcw kXyw sNøp

hm\pw At±lw Ah¿°v Blzm\w \evIn: ""ssZh-ta, InkvXp-

aXw kXy-am-sW∂pw CkvemwaXw I≈-am-sW∂pw Rßƒ

hniz-kn-°p-∂p. Rßƒs°-Xn-cn¬ an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv JmZn

bm-\n, Ckvemw kXy-am-sW∂pw InkvXp-a-X-hn-izm-k-ßƒ I≈-

am-sW∂pw hmZn-°p-∂p. ssZh-ta, \o kXyw Adn-bp-∂-h-\mWv.

Rßƒ c≠v Iq´¿°n-S-bnepw \o kXyw hn[n-®m-epw. Rß-fn

¬ GsXmcp hn`m-K-Øns‚ hmZw If-hmtWm B hn`m-KsØ

kXy-hn- m-K-Øns‚ Pohn-X-Øn¬ Hcp sIm√-Øn-\-I-ambn in£-

bn¬ AI-s∏-Sp-Øn-bmepw!'' Xm\pw A]-ImcwXs∂ ]m¿∞n-

°m-sa∂pw AXn-\p-tijw ssZhw Bsc-bmWv in£-bn¬ AI

s∏-Sp-Øp-I, BcpsS _lp-a-Xn-bmWv ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-ØpI F∂p

t\m°m-sa∂pw IqSn lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) Fgp-Xp-I-bp-≠m-bn.

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 167

]t£, IjvS-sa∂p ]d-b-s´, InkvXym-\n-I-fn¬\n∂v BcpwX

s∂ B Blzm\w kzoI-cn-°m-\mbn apt∂m´p h∂n-√.

Hcp Ata-cn-°≥ ]mXncnbpw AlvaZnøm ]ÿm-\-sØ°p-

dn®v NcnXKŸw cNn-®n- p≈ Bfp-amb ]tc-X-\mb an. hmƒ´¿

lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)s‚ Cu sh√p-hn-fnsb ]c-am¿in-®p-

sIm≠v ]d-bp-I-bmWv: ""bYm¿∞-Øn¬ ssIkvXh P\X a‰m-

cp-sS-sb-¶nepw \mi-am-K-ln-°p-Itbm AXn-\p-th≠n ]m¿∞n

°p-Itbm sNøp-I-sb∂ \ne-hm-c-Øn¬ \n∂v Db¿∂-h-cm-Wv.

Ah¿ aX-hn-izm-k-a-\p-k-cn®v Bcp-sSbpw \mihpw Ffn-abpw

CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂n-√. AXn-\m-emWv Hcp InkvXym-\nbpw an¿kmkm

ln-_n-s∂-Xn-cmbn apt∂m´p hcm-Xn-cp-∂-Xv.''

sIm≈mw, Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬ BY-ans‚ BZysØ Ah

[n Ign-™-t∏mƒ \K-c-ß-fn¬ tLmj-bmX \S-Øm\pw tImew

sI´n Xp≈m\pw ]n∂oSv At±-l-Øns‚ ac-W-Øn\p tijw

tIm]m-Ip-e-cmbn h[-i-a-Øns‚ Ip‰-am-tcm-]n®v I≈-t°-kp≠m-

°p-hm\pw lZvdØv AlvaZns\(A) AdÃv sNøn®v Xq°p-a-c

Øn¬ Ib-‰n-°p-Itbm \mSp-I-S-Øn-°p-Itbm sNøm\pw a‰pw,

ssIkvX-h-Xz-Øns‚ ]mh-ß-fmb Ip™m-Sp-I-tf, \nßƒ F

¥n-\m-bn´v ian®p? AXn¬ \ns∂m∂pw \nß-fpsS aXw \nß

sf XS-bp-∂n√! F∂m¬, Ckvemapw InkvXp-a-Xhpw XΩn-ep≈

X¿°-Øn\v kXyw hn[n-°m-\mbn ssZh-tØmSv ]m¿∞n-°m≥

Iøp-b¿tØ≠n hcp-tºmƒ amXw \nßƒ°v \nß-fpsS aX

sØ-∏‰n Hm¿Ω hcp∂p!! Ckvemans\∏‰nbpw AXns‚ ]cnip

≤ ÿm]-I-sc-∏-‰nbpw ]kw-K-ß-fnepw Fgp-Øp-I-fnepw hnjw

han-∏n-°pI F∂Xpw Zp¿`m-jWw sIm≠v KŸ-Xm-fp-Iƒ hnj-

en-]vX-am-°pI F∂Xpw A\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-bn v \nßƒ Icp-Xp∂p.

Ckveman\p tZmjw sNøm≥ Ign-bp∂ Hcp kµ¿`-tØbpw \n

ßƒ ]mgm-°p-∂n-√. F∂m¬, aX-]c-amb A`n-]m-b-hy-Xym-k

ßsf kw_-‘n® X¿°w ssZh-Øns‚ tImS-Xn-bn¬ D∂-bn-

°m-\m-h-iy-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ amXw, CSsØ sNIn-S-Ø-Sn-®m¬ he

tØXpw Xncn®p ImWn-°pI F∂ D]-tZ-i-a-\p-k-cn®p ]h¿Øn-

°m≥ \nßƒ°v Hm¿Ω hcp∂p! Cu Imc-W-Øm-emWv lZoYn¬

\nßƒ°v A¿lhpw tbmKy-hp-am-sbmcp t]¿ \evI-s∏-´n-cn°p-

∂-Xv. Hcp ImcywIqSn tNmZn®psIm≈-s´. At\ym\yw ap_mle

168 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

(F-Xn¿ ]m¿∞-\) \S-Øp-∂Xv InkvXp-hns‚ kvt\tlm-]tZ-

i-Øn\v FXn-cm-sW-¶n¬ Hcp kZ- n¬ t\cn´p h∂v AS-bm-f

ßƒ ImWp-Ibpw ImWn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xn\pw tcmKn-I-fpsS

tcmK-i-a-\-Øn-\p-th≠n ]m¿∞n-°p-∂-Xn\pw F¥m-bn-cp∂p

hntcm[w?

hmkvX-h-Øn¬ anÃ¿ hmƒ -cp-tSXv tNmZyw sNø-∏-Sm-hp∂

Hcp ]kvXm-h-\-bm-Wv. F∂m¬, AX√ ChnsS Dt±iyw; lZvd

Øv AlvaZn(A)s‚ ap_m-l-e-sb-∏‰n ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-I-bm-Ip∂p.

At±lw F√m hn[-Ønepw InkvXym-\n-Isf ap_m-l-e-bv°mbn

hnfn-®p. ]t£, B¿°pw apt∂m´p hcm≥ ss[cy-ap-≠m-bn-√.

Cu Xpd-bnepw Ckvemans‚ hnP-bhpw InkvXp-a-XØns‚ ]cmP-

bhpw ]I-S-am-°m≥ A√m-lp-hn\p Dt±-iy-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

CtXImeØv Ata-cn-°-bn¬ tUm.-Uqbn F∂p t]cmb

Hcmƒ apt∂m´p h∂p. At±lw bYm¿∞-Øn¬ kvtIm´v-e-≠p-

Im-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-th-K-Øn¬ At±lw Hcp P\-k-aq-lsØ

Xs‚ ]n∂n¬ Hcp-an®p Iq´pIbpw InkvXp-a-X-Øns‚ klm-b-

Øn-\mbn cwK-Øn-d-ßp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xm≥ InkvXp-hns‚ ZqX-

\m-sW∂pw InkvXp-hns‚ Bk-∂-amb BK-a-\-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈

kphn-ti-j-hp-ambn h∂n-cn-°-bm-sW∂pw At±lw hmZn-®p. Iq

Sm-sX, Ckvemans\ \in-∏n-°p-I-sb-∂Xpw Xs‚ I¿Ø-hy-am

sW∂v At±lw Ah-Im-i-s∏-´p. At±lw Ckvemans‚ Hcp I

Tn\iXp-hm-bn-cp-∂p. InkvXp-a-X-tØm-Sp≈ `a-Øn¬ apgp-Inb

Bfp-am-bn-cp-∂p. InkvXp aX ]N-mc-W-Øn\pth≠n Leaves

of Healing F∂ Hcp ]Xhpw At±lw \SØn

h∂p.]kvXpX ]X-Øn¬ At±lw FgpXn: ""Rm≥ kXy-]-

hm-N-I-\-s√-¶n¬ ssZh-Øns‚ ]hm-N-I-\m-bn´v Hcmfpw qapJ-

Øp-≠m-bn-´n-√.'' IqSmsX Cß-s\bpw At±lw Fgp-Xp-I-bp-

≠mbn: temI-Øp \n∂v Ckvemw \in®p \mamhti-j-am-Ip∂

B Znhkw hcp∂-Xn\pth≠n Rm≥ ssZh-tØmSv ]m¿∞n-

°p-∂p. ssZh-ta, \o A]-Imcw sNbvXmepw! ssZh-ta, \o

Ckvemans\ \in-∏n-®m epw! IqSm-sX, B a\p-jy≥ \_n-Xn-

cp-ta-\nsb ITn-\-ambn NoØ ]-d-bp-∂Xpw ]Xn-hm-°n. Npcp-

°n-∏-d-™m¬, Ckvemans\ FXn ¿°p-Ibpw Ckveman-s\-Xn-

cn¬ A[n-t£-]-ßƒ sNmcn-bp-Ibpw sNøp∂ Imcy-Øn¬ apgp-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 169

h≥ ssIkvX-h-tem-IØpw At±-l-Øn\v H∂mw ÿm\-amWv

D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. At±-l-Øns‚ Cu s\dn-sI´ AI-a-sØ-∏‰n

Adnhv In´n-b-t∏mƒ lZvdØv AlvaZv (A) Hcp ]ckyw apJm-

¥cw At±-lsØ ap_m-l-e-bv°mbn £Wn-®p. B ]ckyw

Ata-cn-°-bn-sebpw bqtdm-∏n-sebpw ]e ]X-ß-fnepw ]kn-

≤-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp. B ]X-ß-fpsS ]´nI "lJo-J-

Øp¬ hlvbv' F∂ KŸ-Ønepw "dnhyp Hm^v dneo-Py≥kv'

F∂ amkn-I-bnepw tN¿Øn-´p-≠v. F∂m¬, Uqbn Alw`mhn-

bm-bn-cp∂p ˛ lZvdØv AlvaZns‚ Blzm-\-Øn\v adp-]Sn ]d-

bm≥ t]mepw Abmƒ Iq´m-°n-bn-√. ]t£, Xs‚ ]X-Øn¬

AXns\ ]cm-a¿in®psIm≠v Abmƒ FgpXn: ""C¥y-bn¬ Hcp

hnUvVn-bmb apl-Ω-Z≥ ako-lp-≠v. InkvXp-hns‚ ih-Ip-Socw

Imivao-cn-ep-s≠∂v Abmƒ ASn-°Sn F\n°v Fgp-Xn-s°m-≠n-

cn-°p-∂p. Abm-fpsS hmZ-Øn\pw Blzm-\Øn \pw F¥p-

sIm≠p adp-]Sn ]d-bp-∂n√ F∂p P\-ßƒ Ft∂mSp tNmZn-

°p-∂p. AØcw sImXp-Ip-Iƒ°pw Cu®-Iƒ°pw Rm≥ adp-

]Sn ]d-bp-sa-∂mtWm \nßƒ hnNm-cn-°p-∂-Xv? Ah-bpsSta

¬ Rm≥ Fs‚ Im¬hbv°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ah-sbms° NX

™p NØp-t]m-Ipw.'' ho≠pw as‰mcp e°-Øn¬ Abmƒ C]Im

cw FgpXn: ""Ing°p\n∂pw sX°p\n∂pw hS°p\n∂pw P\ßsf

Hcp-an®p Iq´p-Ibpw Cu \K-c-Ønepw a‰p \K-c-ßfnepw Inkv

Xym-\nIsf A[n-hmkw sNøn-°p-Ibp-amWv Fs‚ I¿Ø-hyw.

apl-Ω-Zob aXw temI-Øp-\n∂p ambn-°-s∏-Sp--∂Xphsc B

tPmen Rm≥ XpS¿∂p sIm≠n-cn-°pw. ssZh-ta, B Znhkw

\o Rßƒ°v ImWn®p X∂m-epw.'' CX-dn-™-t∏mƒ c≠maXpw

lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) Hcp ]ckyw aptJ-\ Uqbnsb Blzm\w

sNbvXpsIm≠v C]-Imcw ]d™p: ""\nßƒ Fs‚ Blzm-\

Øn\v CXp-h-scbpw adp-]Sn X∂n-√. F\n°pt\sc hcm≥ Rm

≥ ho≠pw \nßsf sh√p hnfn-°p-∂p. Rm≥ \nßƒ°v Ggpam-

ksØ Ah[n A\p-h-Zn-°p∂p. Cu Ah-[n-°p-≈n¬ \nßƒ

adp-]Sn Xcm-Ø-]£w AXv \nß-fpsS ]cm-P-b-ambn IW-°m°-

s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv. \nßƒ InkvXp-hns‚ Ah-tcm-l-W-Øn-\mbn

Xøm-dm-°n-bn- p≈ kntbm¨ \K-c-Øn¬ B]Øv Cd-ßp-∂Xpw

Rm≥ aptJ\ A√mlp Ckvemans‚ hnPbw ]Xy-£-s∏-SpØp-

170 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

∂-Xp-am-Wv....'' Cu ]c-kyhpw Ata-cn-°-bnse At\Iw ]Xß-

fn¬ ]kn≤w sNøp-I-bp-≠m-bn. IqSmsX dnhyp Hm v dneoPy≥

kv F∂ amkn-I-bnepw(1902-˛03) AXp-kw-_-‘n® hni-Z-amb

Adn-bn-∏p-Ifpw hni-Zo-I-c-W-ß-fp-ap-≠m-bn. HSp-hn¬ 1907 s^_p-

hcn 20 \p Hcp ]ckyw aptJ\ lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) Cßs\

]Jym-]n®p: ""A√mlp ]d-bp-∂p. Ah≥ Hcp ]pXnb A¤pXw

ImWn-°p-w. AXp al-Øm-sbmcp hnP-bhpw temI-Øn-s\mcp

AS-bm-f-hp-am-bn-cn-°pw.''

al-Ømb ASbmfw

C\n, F¥p al-Ømb AS-bm-f-amWv A√mlp ImWn-®ncn-

°p-∂-sX-∂-dn-bp-I. lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) _e-]-co-£-bv°mbn

Blzm\w \evInb ImeØv Hcp hºn® i‡nbpw Hcp kwL

Øns‚ t\Xm-hp-am-bn-cp∂ Bƒ, cmP-Ip-am-c-s\-t∏mse Pohn°p-

Ibpw Xs‚ \m´p-Im-cmepw aX-k-aq-l-Ømepw _lp-am-\n-°s∏-

Sp-Ibpw hµn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp∂ Bƒ, s]mXp-hn¬ F√m

bn-SØpw Adn-b-s∏- n-cp∂ Bƒ, \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-sbbpw At±l-

Øns‚ ]Xn-]p-cp-j-s\bpw A[n-t£]n°p-Ibpw lZvdØv Alv

aZv(A)At±-l-sØ-∏‰n ]h-Nn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn\p tijw At±

lw GXv AKm-[-K¿Ø-Øn-emWv hoW-sX∂v ChnsS lkzam

bn hnh-cn-°mw.

1. aZy-]m-\-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn ]t_m-[\w \S-Øp∂ Hcm-fmbn-

cp-∂-tXm-Sp-IqSn Abmƒ aZy-]m\w sNbvXn-cp-∂-Xmbn sXfn

™p. 2. Abmƒ hy`n-Nm-c-Øn¬\n∂v P\n-®-h-\m-sW∂v sXfn

™p. 3. Abm-fpsS injy∑m¿ Abmsf shdpØp, Ah¿ Abm

ƒs°-Xn-cm-bn-Øo¿∂p. Abm-fpsS tImSn-°-W-°n-ep≈ apXep-

Iƒ Ah¿ ]nSn-s®-Sp-Øp. HSp-hn¬ Abmsf Ah¿ Abm-fpsS

kntbm¨ \K-c-Øn¬\n∂v ]pd-Øm-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. 4. AºXv

hb- v ]mb-Øn¬, \√ Btcm-Ky-hm-\m-bn-cns° ]£-hm-Xtcm

Kw ]nSn-s] v Abmƒ iøm-h-ew-_n-bm-bn-Øo¿∂p. 5. Ah-km\w,

lZvdØv AlvaZns‚(A) 1907 s^_-hcn 20˛mw Xnb-Xnbnse

]ckyw ]pd-Øn-d°n GXm\pw Znh-k-ßƒ Ign-™-t∏mƒ, AXm-

bXv 1907 am¿®v 11˛mw XnbXn ]X-ßƒ°v Adn-bn∏v In´p-∂p;

Abmƒ A¥y-imkwhen®p F∂v.

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 171

Ckvemans‚ kXy-sØbpw InkvXp-a-Øns‚ Ak-XysØ

bpw ad-\o°n ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-Øm-\mbn lZvdØv AlvaZv (A)

aptJ\ ]q¿Øn-bm-°-s∏´ Cu AS-bmfw FX al-Ømb H

∂mWv? AXv ]pe¿∂tXm lZvdØv AlvaZns‚(A) ]h-N-\

Øn\v temIw apgp-h≥ km£n-bm-bn-cn-°p∂ Ah-ÿ-bn¬. bq

tdm-∏n-sebpw Ata-cn-°-bn-sebpw At\Iw ]X-ßƒ lZvdØv

AlvaZpw(A) Uqbnbpw XΩn-ep≈ _e-]-co-£-bpsS hm¿ØI

ƒ ]kn≤w sNøp-I-bm¬ B ]h-N-\-sØ-∏‰n temIw Adn

™pIgn-™n-cp-∂p. CXn-t\-°mƒ anI® \ne-bn-ep≈ Ipcnipapdn-

°epw Z÷m-ens\ sIm√epw as‰-¥m-Wp-≈Xv?

Npcp-°-Øn¬ Xmsg ]d-bp∂ \mev am¿§-Øn¬°qSn lZvd

Øv AlvaZv(A) Ipcnip apdn-°p-Ibpw Z÷m-ens\ h[n-°pIbpw

sNøp-I-sb∂ I¿Øhyw \nd-th-‰n-bn-cn-°p∂p:˛

H∂m-a-Xv, Ckveman\v Zpjv°o¿Øn hcp-Øn-sh-®Xpw Ckv

eman-s\-Xn-cn¬ a‰p-a-X-ÿsc [rjvS-cm-°n-Øo¿Ø-Xp-amb B`y-

¥c A`n-]m-b-`n-∂-X-Iƒ°v A\n-tj-[y-ß-fmb tcJ-I-fm¬

At±lw Xocp-am\w I¬]n-®p.

c≠m-a-Xv, _p≤n-]-chpw ]am-W-]-c-hp-amb sXfn-hp-I-fm¬

InkvXp-a-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm\ kn≤m-¥-ß-fpsS A_≤w At±

lw hy‡-am-°n. Cu hnhm-Z-Øn¬ tcJ-I-fpsS Hcp ]`m-]q-cw

Xs∂ At±lw ]c-Øn. hºn® Hcp hmZ-]-Xn-hm-Z-Øn¬ Inkv

Xym-\n-Isf At±lw ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

aq∂m-a-Xv, Ipcnip kw -hw, InkvXp-hns‚ ac-Ww, InkvXphn

s‚ I_v¿ F∂n-h-sb-∏‰n Ncn-X-]-c-amb Kth-jWw \S-Øn

s°m≠v InkvXp-a-Øns‚ Xmbvth-cn\v amc-I-amb ]l-c-amWv

At±lw Gev]n-®-Xv.

\mem-a-Xv, ]m¿∞-\, B≤ym-flnIamb _e-]-co-£, i‡n-

a-Ømb ssZhnI AS-bm-f-ßƒ F∂n-h-bpsS am¿§-Øn¬°qSn

InkvXp-a-X-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn Ckvemans\ At±lw hnP-bn-∏n®p

ImWn-®p.

Cu \mev kqcy≥am-cpsS shfn-®-Øn¬, amXr-K¿`-Øn¬

\n∂pXs∂ A‘Xm KpW-tØmsS P\n-®-h¿°-√msX bmsXm

172 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

cmƒ°pw Hcp \nan-j-t\-c-tØ°pt]mepw Ckvemans‚ hnP-b

sØbpw InkvXp-a-X-Øns‚ ]cm-P-b-sØbpw ]‰n kwi-bn-°m

\m-hp-I-bn-√. CsX√mw lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) apJm-¥-c-amWv

kw`-hn-®-Xv.

]Ö×#ãÜù‘ØùÂ×näæÂ×FoÚ_^ÂäÚvÛù‚‘×Fçé÷æ‰¡Ú÷^]ñÛ÷æe^…Õæ‰×ùÜ

Bcy-k-am-P-Øn-s∂Xn-cn¬

c≠m-aXv Bcy-k-am-P-°m-cp-ambn FXn-cn´ kw -h-ßƒ hnh

cn-°mw. Ah¿ ]fin‰v Zbm-\µ kc-kz-Xn-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬,

aXm-thiw ]q≠v kzbw ad∂v Ckvemans\ A[n-t£-]n-°p∂

Imcy-Øn¬ ]mXncn-amsc A\p-K-an®p. F∂m¬, Ak`yw ]dbp-

∂-Xn¬ ]e-t∏mgpw Ah¿ ]mXncn-amsc ]n∂n-em-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp. Ah-cpsS Fgp-Øp-Ifpw ]kw-K-ßfpw Ckveman-t\mSpw

AXns‚ ]cn-ip≤ ÿm]-I-tcm-Sp-ap≈ hntZzjwsIm≠v \nd-

™-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p. NoØ ]d-bp∂ Imcy-Øn¬ F√m-h-cp-sSbpw

ap∂n-em-bn-cp∂p Ah¿. B≤ym-fln-I-Xz-hp-ambn Ah¿°v

bmsXmcp _‘-hp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. ]pd-Øp-\n-∂p≈ shfn®w

Xß-fpsS IÆp-Iƒ°v Ak-ly-ambn tXm∂p-amdv A⁄-Xm-

‘-Im-c-Øm¬ Ah¿ hebw sNø-s∏- n-cp-∂p. lZvdØv AlvaZv

(A) Ahsc∏‰n ]d-™Xv FX Xs∂ t\c√!

NmW-I-∏p-‰n-∂-Sn-bn-se-°o-S-ßƒ°mIm-i-`q-an-b-Xm-sW∂p

tXm∂n-Spw.

Ah-cpsS kz¥w aX-Øns‚ ÿnXn t\m°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬

AXv Hcp aX-sa∂v hnfn-°-s∏-Sm≥ tbmKy-X-bp-≈-X-√. Ah¿

Bhn-jn-I-cn® Hcp kn≤m-¥-k-ap-®-b-am-W-Xv. F∂m¬, Ah¿°v

Xo¿®-bmbpw Hcp KpW-ap-≠v Ckveman-tIm]tZi-Ømepw ]cn

X-ÿn-Xn-I-fmepw ]tNm-Zn-X-cm-bn´v lnµp-°-fn¬\n∂v hnK-lm

cm-[\ \o°w sNøm≥ Ah¿ \√ \ne-bn¬ ]cn-i-an®p sIm≠n

cp-∂p. A°m-cy-Øn¬ Ah¿°v Ipd-s®ms° hnP-b-ap-≠m-hp-I

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 173

bpw sNbvXp. ]t£, hnK-lm-cm-[-\-bn¬\n∂v ]pd-Øp-h-s∂¶n

epw êw-sIm≠v hnK-lm-cm-[-\-bn¬ H´pw Ipd-™-X-√mØ

B]¬°-c-amb Hcp ae-bn-Sp-°n-te-°-h¿ X∂-Øm≥ hogp-Ibm

Wv sNbvX-Xv. t]msc-¶n¬, a‰p aX-ß-fpsS ÿm]-I≥amsc No

Ø ]d-bp-∂Xv Hcp sXmgn-embn Ah¿ kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbv

Xp. Ah-cpsS aXw c≠v XqWpIfn≥taemWv \ne-\n-dp-Ø-s∏ń-

´p-≈-Xv.

H∂m-a-Xv, Bflm-hn-s‚bpw [mXp-hn-s‚bpw D¬]-Øn-sb°p-

dn-®p≈ Ah-cpsS hnizm-k-am-Wv. Ah c≠pw ssZh krjvSn-I

sf-√-∂mWv Ah¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xv. t\sc-a-dn-®v, ssZh-sØ-

t∏mseXs∂ Ah A\m-Zn-bmWv! AXm-b-Xv, Bflmhpw [mXp

hpw BZyw apX¬t° ssZh-tØm-Sp-IqSn D≈Xpw F∂pw Ah

t\m-sSm-∂n®v \ne-\n¬°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv. ssZh-Øn\v Ahsb kr

jvSn-°p-hmt\m \in-∏n-°mt\m km[n-°p-I-bn-√. Ahsb Iqńbn-

W-°nbpw cq]-t`Zw hcp-Ønbpw ssZhw Ahs‚ Bhiyw \n¿∆

ln-°p-Ibpw `cWw \S-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p-sh-t∂-bp-≈q.

c≠m-a-Xv, Ah-cpsS ]p\¿P-∑-kn-≤m-¥-am-Wv. AXm-bXv B

flm-°ƒ Ah-bpsS I¿Ω- -e-ambn hnhn[Xc-Øn-ep≈ P∑sa-

Sp-Øp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu P∑N-I-Øn¬\n∂v Ah Hcn-°epw

]cn-]q¿Æ-ambn hnap-‡-am-hp-I-bn-√. Bsc-¶nepw \√ I¿Ωw

sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ah\v \√ P∑w \evI-s∏-Spw. NoØ I¿

Ωw sNøp-∂-hs\ NoØ P∑-Øn-te°v X≈n-hn-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw.

]]-©-ap-≠mb Imew apX¬t° Cu P≥a-NIw Xncn™psIm

≠n-cn-°p-∂p. C\nbpw Xncn™psIm≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. B¿

s°-¶nepw ap‡n e`n-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv Xm¬°m-enIw

amX-am-bn-cn-°pw. ho≠pw B Bflmhv ]p\¿÷∑ NI-Øns‚

Xncn®nente°v X≈-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv. Imc-Ww, Bcy≥ kvt\ln

X≥am-cpsS k¶¬]-Øn¬ ]cn-an-X-amb I¿Ω-Øn\p A]-cn-an

X-amb ]Xn-êw In´pI km[y-a-√.

CXn\pw ]pd-sa, ssZh-Øns‚ shfn-]mSv Bcym-h¿Ø-Øn

¬ ]cn-an-X-am-sW∂pw as‰mcp P\-Xbpw Cu A\p-K-l-Øn\v

]mX-am-bn- n-s√∂pw Bcy-k-am-P-°m¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂p. AhcpsS

A`n-]m-b-Øn¬ XpS-°-Ønte temI-Øn\p \evI-s∏´ KŸw

174 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

thZ-am-Wv. Ah-km\w hscbpw am¿§-Z¿i-\-Øn-\p≈ Dd-hn-S

am-bn-cn-°m≥ \n›-bn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xpw AXp-X-s∂-bm-Wv.

AXn-d-ßn-b-Xn\ptijw ssZh- m-jWw Ft∂-°p-ambn Ahkm-

\n®p t]mbn-cn-°p-∂p. krjvSn-bpsS Bcw- -Øn¬ \evI-s∏- Xpam-

Xta ssZh-t]m‡ KŸ-am-hm-≥ ]mSp≈q sh∂mWv AhcpsS

hmZw. ssZhw ]m]w s]mdp-°p-I-bn-s√∂pw am\-km-¥-c-ap-≠mbm

¬Øs∂bpw a\p-jy≥ F√m ZpjvI¿Ω-ßƒ°pw in£ A\p -

hn-t°-≠Xv AXym-h-iy-am-sW∂pw Ah¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂p. temI

Ønse ]mtbm-KnI Pohn-X-sØ-∏-‰n-bm-sW-¶n¬, GsX-¶nepw

Hcp ]pcp -j\v Bä-°-fn -√m-Xn -cp -∂m¬ ]pX-k-¥m-\-

Øn\pth≠n Xs‚ mcysb A\y-]p-cp-j∑m-cpsS ASp-°-te°v

Ab-°m-sa∂pw ]Xn-s\m∂v Bä-°-fp-≠m-hp-∂Xphsc B

I¿Øhyw XpS¿∂p t]mIm-hp-∂-Xm-sW∂pamWv Ah¿ hniz

kn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu I¿Ω-Øn\v "\ntbm-K-'sa∂p ]d-bp-∂p.

lnµp-a-X-Ønse Bcy-k-amPw F∂p ]d-b-s∏-Sp∂ hn`m-K

Øns‚ hnizm-k-ß-fm-Wn-Xv. lnµp-°-fpsS Iq´-Øn¬ Xßƒ

amXamWv thZ-Øns‚ bYm¿∞ kn≤m-¥-ß-fn¬ Dd®p \nev

°p∂-sX∂pw a‰p hn`m-K-ß-sf√mw bYm¿∞ am¿§-Øn¬\n∂v

hyXn-N-en-®-h-cm-sW∂pw Ah¿ hmZn-°p-∂p. 1883˛¬ ac-W-s∏´p-

t]mb ]fin‰v Zbm-\µ kc-kz-Xnsb Xß-fpsS t\Xm-hmbn

Ah¿ Icp-Xp-∂p.

C\n, lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) B kaq-l-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn \S-

Ønb al-Ømb ka-c-sØ-∏‰n ]-Xn-]m-Zn-°mw. A-hcpambn

_p≤nbpw ]am-Whpw D]-tbm-Kn®v \S-Ønb hmZ-ßsf kw_

‘n®pw ]n∂oSv B≤ym-fln-I-ambn \S-Ønb ]co-£-W-ßsf

kw_-‘n®pw ChnsS ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-I-bm-Wv. 1877˛¬ Zbm-\µkc-

kzXn ]X-ß-fn¬ ]kn≤w sNbvX Hcp hnfw-_-c-tØmSp IqSn

bmWv Bcy≥am-cp-am-bp≈ lZvdØv AlvaZns‚(A) ]c-kyam

b hnhmZw Bcw- n-®-Xv. B hnfw-_-c-Øns‚ kmc-an-Xm-bn-cp∂p:

""\ne-hn-ep≈ Bflm-°ƒ A\-¥-am-Wv. Ah-bpsS FÆw ssZh-

Øn\pt]mepw Adn-bm≥ ]mSn-√mØ hn[w AX A[n-I-am-Wv.

AXn-\m¬, F∂pw Ah ap‡n]m]n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn°pw. Hcn°

epw B ]Inb Ah-km-\n-°p-I-bn-√.'' A_-≤-P-Sn-e-amb B

hnfw-_cw ]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-t∏mƒ AXn-s\-Xn-cn¬ BZyw ]

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 175

Xn-I-cn-®Xv lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) Bbn-cp-∂p. B kn≤m-¥Øn-

s\-Xn-cmbn At±lw Kw`o-c-ß-fmb teJ-\-ß-sf-gpXn ]X-ßfn

¬ ]kn≤w sNbvXp. Xs‚ teJ-\-Øn\v Jfi\w Fgp-Xp-∂

h¿°v 500-I. At±lw kΩm\w \n›-bn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. B

teJ-\-ßƒ Bcy≥ tIºn¬ Aº-c-∏p-≠m-°n. AXn\p aptº

Xß-fpsS lnwkm-flI ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-ambn \nc-¶piw apt∂-dpI-

bm-bn-cp∂p Ah-cpsS ]Xn-hv. Ah-cpsS tIºn¬ ]Xn® H∂ma

sØ Aºv AXm-bn-cp-∂p. AX-hsc Atß-b‰w ]cn-`m-¥-cm-

°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. CXn\p aptº lZvdØv AlvaZns‚(A)

]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ AWn-b-d-bv°p-≈n¬ ad-™n-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

Bcpw At±-lsØ Adn-™n-cp-∂n-√. F∂m¬, ]kvXpX teJ

\-ßƒ ]kn-≤o-I-cn®tXmsS P\-ß-fpsS ZrjvSn B›-cytØm

SpIqSn At±-l-Øn\p t\sc ]Xn-bm≥ XpS-ßn. Bcy≥ hr-Ø

Øn-ep-≠mb ew AXn-tesd A¬`p-X-I-c-am-bn-cp-∂p- -B-flm°

ƒ A\-¥-am-sW-∂p-≈ hnizmkw ]fin‰v Zbm-\µ kc-kz-Xn

bpsS kz¥-am-sW∂pw Bcy-k-am-P-Øn\v s]mXp-hn-ep-≈-Xs√

∂pw ]d-bm≥ ]_-e-cmb Bcy-k-am-Pn-Iƒ \n¿_-‘n-X-cm-bn.

A∂v emtlm-dnse Bcy-k-am-P-Øns‚ skI-´-dnbpw Bcy-k

am-P-°m¿°n-S-bn¬ hfsc ][m-\-s∏´ Hcm-fp-amb emem Poh≥

Zmkv C]-Imcw ]X-Ønse-gpXn:

CXv kam-P-Øns‚ auenIkn≤m-¥-ß-fn¬ Dƒs∏-´-X-√.

kam-P-Ønse GsX-¶n-ep-samcp AwKw Cu hmZ-°m-c-\m-sW¶n

¬ AXn-s\-∏‰n Abm-tfmSv tNmZn-°p-Ibpw Abm-f-Xn\v adp]Sn

]d-bp-Ibpw thWw.

XpS¿∂v At±lw Cß-s\bpw Fgp-Xp-I-bp-≠mbn:

Bcy-k-am-P-°m¿ Zbm-\µkzmansb A\p-k-cWw \n¿_

‘-amb Hcp t\Xm-hm-bn v IW-°m-°p-∂n-√. AXn-\m¬ At±l-

Øns‚ F√m A`n-]m-b-ßfpw Bcy≥ P\X apgp-h\pw kΩXn

®psIm≈-W-sa-∂n-√.

kp_vlm-\-√mlv! Bcy-k-am-P-°m¿s°-Xn-cmbn lZvdØv

AlvaZn\p(A) ssIh∂ Cu hnPbw FX al-Ømb H∂mbn-

cp∂p! Hscm‰ ]Xym-I-a-W-Øns‚ ^e-ambn Ah¿ t]m¿°-f

Øn¬\n∂v HmSn-°-f-™p. F∂m¬, AXp-sIm≠pw Imcyw Ah

176 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

km-\n-®n-√. X\n-s°-Xn-cn¬h∂v Bflm-°ƒ A\-¥-am-sW∂v

sXfn-bn®v kΩm\w hmßm≥ ]fin‰v Zbm-\-µs\ sh√p-hn-fn

®p-sIm≠v At±lw XpS-sc-Øp-Ssc teJ-\-ß-sf-gp-Xn-s°m-≠ncp-

∂p. AXn-\m¬, kzman-Pn°v c£-s∏-Sp-hm≥ ]bm-k-am-bn. ]nSn

°m\pw \nhr-Øn-bn√ hnSm\pw \nhr-Øn-bn√ F∂ ]X-\-Ønem

bn At±-lw. HSp-hn¬ KXy-¥-c-an-√msX At±lw lZvdØv Alv

aZn\v(A) C]-Im-c-samcp ktµ-i-a-b®p: Bflm-°ƒ bYm¿∞-

Øn¬ A\-¥-a-√. F∂n-cp-∂mepw ]p\¿÷-∑-kn-≤m¥w icnbm-

Wv. hmb-\-°m¿ H∂m-tem-Nn®p t\m°q. thZsØ Bkv]-Z-am

°n-s°m≠v kzmanPn Hcp kn≤m¥w D∂-bn-°p-∂p. B kn≤m¥-

am-sW-¶n¬ aX-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-sa-∂v ]d-bm-hp∂Xc-Øn-ep

≈-Xv, ]t£, lZvdØv AlvaZns‚ (A) Jfi-\-Øns‚ eam

bn B kn≤m-¥-Øn¬\n∂v ]n∑m-dm≥ At±lw \n¿_-‘n-X

\m-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. Bcy-k-am-P-°m-cpsS t]cpw s]cp-a-bp-ap≈t\Xm-

sh∂p amX-a√ kam-P-Øns‚ ÿm]-I≥ IqSn-bmb At±lw

Cu hn[w ]S-°-f-Øn¬\n∂v ]n¥n-cn-t™m-Sp-I-sb-∂-Xnt\°m

ƒ ]Xy-£-am-sbmcp hnPbw lZvdØv AlvaZn\v(A) F¥pssI

h-cm≥? AXv AX-ta¬ hy‡-am-sbmcp hnP-b-am-bn-cp-∂p˛ kzman-

Pn-bpsS injy-\-s√-¶nepw Hcp lnµphpw Ckvemans‚ FXn-cm

fn-I-fn¬ Hcmfpw "_mZ-sc-lnµv' F∂ ]X-Øns‚ A[n-]-cp-am

bn-cp∂ "]fin‰v inh-\m-cm-b-W≥ A·n-tlmXn' "JmZn-bm\n

se ]am-Wn-bmb an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv kmln_pw Bcy-k

am-Phpw' F∂ Xe-s°-´n¬ At±-l-Øns‚ ]X-Øn¬ C]Im-

c-sa-gpXn:

""an¿km kmln_v ta¬]-d™ kn≤m¥w sX‰m-sW∂v

ÿm]n-®-t∏mƒ KXy-¥-c-an-√msX kzmanPn At±-l-Øn\v Hcp

ktµ-i-a-b-®p. AXn¬ hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Bflm-°ƒ kwJymXo-

X-a-s√∂pw F∂n-cp-∂mepw ]p\¿÷∑ kn≤m¥w icn-bmsW

∂pw At±lw Fgp-Xn-bn-cp-∂p.''

AXn\ptijw Bflm-°ƒ kwJym-Xo-X-am-sW∂pw Ahbp

sS FÆw ssZh-Øn-\p-t]mepw Adn-™p-Iq-sS-∂p-ap-≈ kn≤m

¥w Bcy-k-am-P-°m¿ ssIsbm-gn®p. AXn\p ]I-c-ambn Bflm

°-fpsS FÆw ]cn-an-X-am-sW∂pw F∂m¬, Bflm-hn\p imiz

X-ambn ap‡n ]m]n-°pI km[y-a-√m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v ]p\¿÷∑

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 177

NIw ]ns∂bpw \ne-\nev°p-∂p-sh-∂p-ap≈ kn≤m¥w Ah¿

kzoI-cn-®p.

]fin‰v Zbm-\-µ-k-c-kzXn \ni-_vZ-\m-b-Xn-\p-tijw Bcy

≥tI-ºnse Xe-sb-Sp-∏p≈ as‰mcp ]S-\m-b-I≥ apt∂m´p h∂p.

Aar-X-k-c- nse Bcy-k-am-P-Øns‚ skI- dn "_mhm \mcmb

¨kn-ßm-'bn-cp∂p AXv. XpS-°-Øn¬ At±lw Iptdsbms°

hºp ]d-bp-Ibpw _Umbn ImWn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. GsXmcp

ssaXm-\-Øn¬ At±-l-Øns‚ Kpcp-hmb kzman-Pn°p \nev°m≥

Ign-™n-√-tbm, B ssaXm-\-Øn¬ Imeq-∂m≥ At±lw BK

ln-®p. F∂m¬, lZvdØv AlvaZns‚ (A) H∂p-c≠v sh´p-Iƒ

sIm≠p-amXw At±-l-Øns‚ ssNX-\y-a-‰p. At±-l-Øn\v an≠m-

´-an-√m-Xm-bn-˛-H-cn-°epw kwkm-cn-®n-´n-√mØhs\-t∏m-se. At±

l-Øns‚ au\-tØ-°mƒ D]-cn-bmb as‰mcp kw`hw IqSn \S

∂p. B ka-bØv Bcy-k-am-P-Ønse FÆ-s∏´ AwKhpw kPo

h-]-h¿Ø-I-\p-am-bn-cp∂ At±lw Bcy-k-am-P-th-Zn-bn¬\n∂v

hnS-hmßn Xs‚ ]q¿∆-k-ap-Zm-b-Øn¬ tN¿∂p F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p

AXv. kp_vlm-\-√mlv! FX al-Øm-sbmcp hnP-b-amWv lZvd

Øv AlvaZv(A) aptJ\- Ckveman\p ssIh-∂Xv!

C\nbpw apt∂m´p t]mhp-I. Cu ka-c-tIm-em-l-e-Øn-\pti

jw Ipd-®p-Im-e-tØ°v Bcy≥ tIºn¬ \ni-_vZX ]c-∂p. A

\-¥cw G‰hpw ][m-\-s∏´ c≠p t]¿ ka-c-cw-K-tØ°p h∂p.

"ap≥in Cµ-a≥ apdm-Z-_m-Zn', "]fin‰v teJvdmw ]nim-hcn' F∂n

h-cm-bn-cp∂p Ah¿. ]fin‰v teJvdmans‚ ]Zhn hfsc Db¿∂-

Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Zbm-\µkzman-°p-tijw kap-Zm-b-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ G‰

hp-a-[nIw _lp-am-\n-°-s∏- n-cp-∂Xv At±-l-am-bn-cp-∂p. Nne Im

cy-ß-fn¬ kzman-Pn-sb-°mfpw D∂-X-amb ÿm\w At±-l-Øn\v

\evI-s∏- n-cp-∂p. At±-lhpw Cµ-a≥ apdm-Z-_m-Znbpw Ckveman

s‚ _≤-ssh-cn-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p. ]cn-lm-k-Ønepw Zp¿`m-j-WØn

epw ka¿∞-cp-am-bn-cp-∂p. lZvdØv AlvaZp(A)ambn Ah¿

t]mcm-Sn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p. B t]mcm-´-Øns‚ ]cy-h-km\w Ckv

emanI Ncn-X-Øn-se, ]tXy-In®v AlvaZnøm Pam-A-Øns‚

Ncn-X-Øn-se, al-Øm-sbmcp hnP-b-am-Wv. AXv B≤ym-flnI

_e-]-co-£-bp-ambn _‘-s∏- -Xm-b-Xp-sIm-≠v, B mKw ]dbp-

tºmƒ AXn-s\-∏-‰n hnh-cn-°mw.

178 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) 1886 ¬ slmin-bm¿]q-cn¬h®v Hcp

]apJ Bcy-k-am-P-°m-c-\mb amÃ¿ "apc-fo-[-c-\p-'ambn Hcp

hmZ-]-Xn-hmZw \S-Øn. B hmZ-]-Xn-hm-Z-Øn¬ amÃ¿ apc-fo[-

c\p `b-¶-c-amb ]cm-Pbw t\cn-´p. B hmZ-]-Xn-hm-Z-Øns‚ \

S-]-Sn-Iƒ hnh-cn-®p-sIm-≠v, kp¿a-Nivsa Bcy F∂ t]cn¬

lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) Hcp KŸ-sa-gp-Xn. AXv AX-ta¬ DXv°r

„-am-sbmcp KŸ-am-Wv˛ X∂-Øm≥ A]-am-\n-X-\m-bn-´-√msX

AXn\v adp-]-Sn-sb-gp-Xm≥ B¿°pw km[n-°p-I-bn-√. AXn\pti

jw "ilv\sb lJv' F∂ t]cn¬ as‰mcp al-Ømb KŸw

IqSn hnc-Nn-®p-sIm≠v At±lw FXn-cm-fn-I-fpsS taep≈ hnPbw

]cn-]q¿Æ-am-°p-Ibpw Bcy-k-am-P-°m-cpsS aX-kn-≤m-¥-ßsf

XI¿°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Bflm-hn-s‚bpw [mXp-hn-s‚bpw A\m-

Zn-Xzw, ]p\¿÷∑w apX-emb kn≤m-¥-ß-sf-∏‰n "kp¿a-Nivsa

Bcy' F∂ KŸ-Øn¬ \S-Øn-bn- p≈ bp‡n-]q¿∆-amb N¿®

DØcw ]d-bm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-Xm-Wv. Bflmhpw [mXphpw A\mZn-

bm-sW-∂p≈ hmZw ssZh-Øns‚ KpW-ßsf Xmd-Sn-°p∂ H∂m

sW∂pw AXv hniz-kn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Bcy-k-am-P-°m¿ sam

Ø-Øn¬ kΩ-Xn-°p-∂-Xm-b,ssZh-Øns‚ Nne KpW-ßƒ- kr-

jvSn-ssh-`-hw, DS-a-ÿX apX-emb KpW-ßƒ t]mepw- \n-tj[n-

t°≠n hcp-sa∂pw At±lw ka¿∞n-®p. Bflm-hn-s‚bpw [m

Xp-hn-s‚bpw A\m-ZnXzw ]p\¿÷∑w F∂o kn≤m-¥-ßƒ sX

‰mb ho£-W-Øn-s‚bpw sX‰mb A\p-am-\-Øn-s‚bpw e-am-

sW∂pw At±lw ÿm]n®p. AXm-b-Xv, kr„n-I-fpsSta¬ \S

°p∂ \nb-a-ßƒsIm≠v k„m-hns\ Af-∂-Xns‚ ^e-am-W-

Xv. IqSm-sX, ]IrXn \nb-a-sØbpw \ymb-]-am-W-\n-b-a-sØbpw

Ah¿ th¿Xn-cn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn-√. c≠pw H∂m-sW∂v [cn®pIf-

™p. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ AXv c≠pw sht∆sd hrØ-ß-fn¬ ]h

¿Øn-°p∂ hyXykvX \nb-a-ß-fm-Wv. ssZh-Øns‚ shfn-]mSv

thZ-Im-e-tØ°p amXw ]cn-an-X-am-sW∂pw AXn-\p-tijw F

t∂-°p-ambn AXv \ne-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂p-ap-ff hnizm-k-sØ-∏‰n

At±lw C]-Im-c-sa-gpXn: kXy-hn-izm-k-am-Ip∂ sNSnsb IØn

®p `kva-am-°n-°-f-bp∂ B]¬°-c-am-sbmcp hnizm-k-am-W-Xv.

kXy-hn-izm-k-am-Ip∂ hr£w ssZhn-I-amb AS-bm-f-ßƒsIm

≠pw ssZhn-I-amb shfn-]m-Sp-Iƒ sIm≠pw ]pXp-Xmbn Petk-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 179

N\w sNø-s∏-ń-s√-¶n¬ DW-ßn-t∏m-Ip∂ H∂m-Wv. AXns\

ê-]p-„-am°n \ndpØm≥ ]pcm-W-I-Y-Iƒ°v Hcn-°epw km[n

°p-I-bn-√. ssZh-`m-j-W-Øns‚ IhmSw AS-®n-Sp∂ aX-ßƒ

\n¿÷o-h-ß-fm-Wv. Ah-bpsS ssIøn¬ ipjvIn® IY-I-f√msX

as‰m-∂p-ap-≠m-hn-√. thZw amX-amWv ssZh-t]m-‡-sa∂v IcpXp-

∂-Xv, k¿∆-temI c£n-Xm-hm-sW-∂p≈ ssZh-Kp-WsØ \ntj-

[n-°-em-Ip-∂p. ssZhw Bcym-h¿Ø-Øns‚ amXw c£n-Xm-h

√, apgp-h≥ temI-Øn-s‚bpw c£n-Xm-hm-Wv. F√m P\-X-Ifnepw

Ah≥ ZqX≥amsc Ab-°p-Ibpw hN-\-ßƒ Cd-°p-Ibpw sNbv

Xp-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. HSp-hn¬ k≥am¿§-Z¿i\w ]cn-]q¿Æ-am-t°≠

Imew h∂-t∏mƒ Ahs‚ ]cn-]q¿Æ-amb \ymb-]-amWw ]hm

N-I-]- p-hmb lZvdØv apl-Ω-Zv(-k.-A) Xncp-ta-\n-bn¬ Cd-°pI

bpw B \ymb-]-am-Ww, AXm-bXv hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥, apgp-h≥

temIØn\pw F√m Ime-Øn\pw _m[-I-am-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

Fs¥-∂m¬, F√m P\-ßƒ°pw Ime-Øn\pw ]‰nb ]cn-]q¿Æ

am-sbmcp \nbaw Cd-°m-hp∂ Ah-ÿ-bnepw Ime-Ønepw tem

Iw At∏mƒ FØn-t®¿∂n-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\p-ti-jhpw

ssZhw shfn-]m-Sns‚ IhmSw AS-bv°p-I-bp-≠mbn√. AXv C

t∏mgpw Xpd-∂n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. taenepw Xpd-∂n-cn-°p-Ibpw sN

øpw. ]cn-an-X-amb I¿Ω-ßƒ°v A]-cn-an-X-amb ew In´p-Ibn

s√-∂p≈ Bcy≥ kn≤m-¥-sØ-∏‰n At±lw Cßs\ ]d

™p˛ \n›-b-ambpw a\p-jys‚ I¿Ωw ]cn-an-X-am-Wv. F∂m¬,

A\p-k-c-W-ap≈ ‡s‚ at\m-\n-›bw ]cn-an-X-a-√. AXn-\m¬,

Ah-\p≈ ]Xn-êw ]cn-an-X-am-bn-cn-°-W-sa-∂n-√. IqSmsX

I¿Ωw ]cn-an-X-am-bn-´p-≈Xv a\p-jys‚ Aò-jvS-a-\p-k-cn-®-√.

AXv ssZh-\n-b-a-Øns‚ e-am-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬, ssZh-Øns‚

\nb-a-a-\p-k-cn-®p≈ acWw kw -hn-®n-√m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬, \√ a\p-

jy-cp-sSsb√mw hnNmcw Ft∏mgpw k¬°¿Ω-ßƒ sNbvXp

sIm-≠n-cn-°-Wsa-∂m-bn-cn-°pw. bYm¿∞-amb ]›mØm-]hpw

am\-km-¥-c-hp-ap-≠m-bmepw ssZhw ]m]w s]mdp-°p-I-bn-s√∂p-

≈Xv a\pjy ]Ir-Xn°pt]mepw \nc-°mØ kn≤m-¥-am-Wv.

a\p-jy¿°n-S-bn¬ A`n-\-µ-\m¿l-ambn Icp-X-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp Imcyw

ssZh-Øn\v hI-sh-®p-sIm-Sp-°m≥ Bcy-k-am-P-°m¿ C„-s∏Sp-

∂n-√. Ah-cpsS "\ntbm-K'-am-sW-¶n¬ A`n-am-\-ap≈ B¿°pw

180 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

kln-°mt\m AwKo-I-cn-°mt\m Ign-bm-Ø-hn[w \oNhpw e÷m-

I-c-hp-amb ]hr-Øn-bm-Wv.

Npcp-°-Øn¬, Bcy-k-am-P-°m-cpsS F√m kn≤m-¥-ß-sf∏-

‰nbpw At±lw G‰hpw hy‡-amb \ne-bn¬ hnhmZw \S-Øn.

_p≤n-]-c-ambpw ]-am-W-]-c-ambpw Ahsb At±lw Jfin®p.

IqSmsX C∂p \ne-hn-ep≈ thZ-Øns‚ A≤ym-]\w A∏Sn

tZmj-Iep-jhpw krjvSn-]q-Pm-]-c-hp-am-sW∂pw Ah a\p-jy\n¬

bYm¿∞-amb kXy-hn-izm-khpw ]cn-jvIm-chpw D≠m-°m≥ ]

cym-]vX-a-s√∂pw sXfn-bn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

At±-l-Øns‚ Cu teJ-\-ßƒ Bcy-k-am-P-°m-cpsS hmb

S®p If-™p. Bbn-sS, sIm∂p-I-f-bp-sa∂v oj-Wn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂

Dua-°-Øp-Iƒ Nne¿ At±-l-Øn\v Ab-®p. AsXm∂pw Imcy

am-sb-Sp-°msX At±lw Xs‚ tPmen hfsc IrXy-X-tbm-SpIqSn

XpS¿∂p sIm≠n-cp-∂p. Bcy-[¿Ωw, \kosa ZAvhØv, k\mX-

\-[¿Ωw, JmZn-bm≥sI Bcy Hu¿ lw F∂n-ßs\ D÷z-e

ß-fmb Nne KŸ-ß-sf-gpXn Bcy-k-am-P-°m-cpsS XI¿∂tIm -

bpsS CSn-s]m-fn-I-fnt∑¬ IqSp-X¬ D≠-Iƒ At±-l--ap-Xn¿Øp.

HSp°w 1907˛¬ Bcy-k-am-P-°m¿ emtlm-dnse hn—p-hmen F∂

ÿeØv Hcp aX-k-tΩ-f-\-Øn\v G¿∏mSv sNøp-Ibpw lZvdØv

AlvaZn-(A)s\bpw AXn¬ ]¶p-sIm-≈m≥ £Wn-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp. At±lw G‰hpw C÷z-e-am-sbmcp D]-\ym-k-sa-gpXn

AXn-te-°-b-®p. F∂m¬, Bcy-k-am-Pn-Iƒ, hmKvZm\-Øn\pw

BXn-tYb acym-Z-bv°p-sa-Xn-cmbn ]h¿Øn-°p-I-bmWv sNbvX

Xv. Ah¿ Ah-cpsS ]kw-K-ßƒ NoØ-]-d-bp-hm\pw ]cn-l-kn

°p-hm\pw at\m-th-Z\ D≠m-°p-hm\pw D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m

≠v Ckvemw aX-sØbpw AXns‚ ]cn-ip≤ ÿm]-I-scbpw

ITn-\-ambn Bt£-]n-®p. Cu hnh-c-a-dn-™-t∏mƒ lZvdØv Alv

aZns‚(A) CkvemanI c‡w Xnf-®p. DS-\Sn At±lw "Nivasb

aAvcn^Øv' (⁄m\ \n¿Q-cn) F∂p t]cmb Hcp kap-÷ze

hpw \nkvXp-e-hp-amb KŸw cNn-®p. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ At±lw

Xs‚ t]\-bpsS Ne-\-Øn¬ ⁄m\-\n¿Qcn-bpsS apJw Xpd

∂p sImSp-°p-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. hnhm-Z-cw-K-Øn¬ At±-l-Øn

s‚ mK-Øp-\n∂v Bcy≥tIºn-te°v Fdn-b-s∏´ HSp-hn-esØ

D≠-bm-bn-cp∂p AXv. B D≠ Xøm-dm-°nb a\p-jys‚ ssI°p

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 181

A√mlp FX-tØmfw i‡n-bmWv \evIn-bn-´p-≈-sX∂v B

KŸw hmbn-®-h-¿°p amXta a\- n-em-°m≥ Ignbq! hntZz-j

Øn¬ apgp-Inb iXp AS-ßpI ]Xn-hn-√. F∂m¬, Ahs‚

]nS-®¬sIm≠v _p≤n-bp-≈-h¿°v Imcyw a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign

bpw. Ah\p ITn-\-ambn ]cp-t°-‰n-cn-°-bm-sW∂pw Ah≥ A

Xn¬\n∂v c£ ]m]n-°p-∂Xv Akm-≤y-am-sW-∂pw, Bsc¶n

epw Ckveman\v tkh\w sNøp-I-sb∂ e£y-tØm-Sp-IqSn kp¿

a-Nivsa Bcy, Nivsa Bcy, Nivasb aAvcn^Øv F∂o KŸ

ßƒ ssIbn-se-Sp-Øp-sIm≠v Bcy-k-am-P-hr-Ø-Øn¬ FhnsS

t]mbmepw \n›-b-ambpw hnPbw Abm-fpsS ]mZ-ßsf Npw_n

°p-Ibpw hnP-b-]-XmI Abm-fpsS Xe-°p-aosX ]d-°p-Ibpw

sNøpw.

C\n B≤ym-flnI _e-]-co-£-sb-∏‰n ]d-bmw. H∂m-a-tØXv

Bcy-k-am-P-Øns‚ ÿm]-I-\mb kzman Zbm-\-µs‚ IY-bmWv.

At±lw Pohn-®n-cn-°p-tºmƒ lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) A√m-lphn

¬\n∂v Adn-bn∏p In´-nb-X-\-pk-cn-®v, kzman-Pn-bpsS A¥y-a-Sp

sØ∂pw Xma-kn-bmsX At±lw temIØp\n∂v ad™pt]mIp-

sa∂pw ]h-Nn-®p. At±lw At\Iw Bcy-kamP°m-tcmSpX

s∂bpw Cu hnhcw ]d-™n-cp-∂p. AXn-\p-tijw A[nI\mƒ

Pohn-®n-cn-°m≥ kzman-Pn°v Ign-™n-√.

AXn-\p-ti-jw, apI-fn¬ ]d-™-Xp-t]mse ap≥in Cµ-a≥

apdm-Zm-_mZn FXn-cn¬ h∂p. Cu a\p-jy≥ ap≥tIm-]nbpw Zp¿`m

j-W-°m-c-\p-am-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ Zp¿`m-j-W-Øns‚ amXr

I ImW-W-sa-¶n¬ lZvdØv Alva-Zv(-A)s‚ "InØm-_p¬_cn

ø' t\m°p-I. At±lw Ckvemans\ FXn¿Ø acym-Z-bpsS \n

e-hmcw lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) AXn¬ D≤-cn®n´p≠v.

lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) sXfnhv ]q¿Øn-bm-°m-\p≈ Dt±iy-

tØm-sS, 1885¬ C]-Im-c-samcp hn⁄m-]\w ]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øn

bn- p--≠m-bn-cp∂p: ""GsX-¶nepw A\y-a-X-Øns‚ Hcp A\p-bmbn-

˛-A-bmƒ Abm-fpsS kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ ]tXyI hy‡n-Xz-ap≈

Bfm-bn-cn-°-Ww˛ JmZn-bm-\n¬h∂v Fs‚ ASp-°¬ Hcp sIm

√w Xma-kn-°-s´. B Ime-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ Ckvemans‚ kXyw

sXfn-bn-°p∂ Hcp AS-bm-fhpw Abmƒ ImWm-Xn-cn-°p-I-bm

182 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

sW-¶n¬ amk-Øn¬ 200-I. tXmXn¬ 2400-I. Rm≥ Abmƒ°v

sdm°-ambn sImSpØp sIm≈mw. ssZhn-I-amb AS-bm-f-sa-s¥

¶nepw ImWp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, ChnsS sh®pXs∂ Ckvemw aXw

kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw B Imcyw ]Jym-]n-°p-Ibpw sNtø-≠Xv A

bm-fpsS I¿Ø-hy-am-bn-cn°pw. hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ ]WsØ

kw_-‘n®p GXp hn[-Øn¬ thW-sa-¶nepw Dd∏p \evIm≥

Rm≥ Hcp-°-am-Wv.''

Cu hn⁄m-]\w I≠-tXmsS ta¬]-d™ Cµ-a≥ henb

Bth-i-tØmSpw D’m-l-tØmSpwIqSn Fgp-t∂‰v _e-]-co£bv

°v hcm-\p≈ k∂-≤X ]I-Sn-∏n-®p. kwJy X\n°v BZyw Im

Wn®p sImSp-°-W-sa∂pw Xs‚ apºmsIXs∂ hnizm-k-tbmKy-

\mb Hcp a≤y-ÿs\ Gev]n-°-W-sa∂pw At±lw Fgp-Xn.

CtX Dt±-iy-tØm-Sp-IqSn At±lw "\m`'-bn¬\n∂v "emtlmdn'¬

hcn-Ibpw sNbvXp. lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) DS≥ Xs‚ Hcp hniz

kvX injy-\mb lZvdØv anbm≥ A_vZp-√mlv kmln_v kn∂u

cnsb JmZn-bm-\n¬\n∂v emtlm-dn-te-°-b-®p. emtlm-dnse Nn

e kvt\ln-X≥am¿°v IØp sImSpØv, Ahn-sS-\n∂p ]Ww

hmßn Cµ-as‚ ASp-°¬ t]mIm\mbn kn∂u-cn-km-ln-_n\p

\n¿t±iw \evIn. kn∂u-cn-km-ln_v emtlm-dn¬ sN∂p kvt\

ln-X≥amsc ImWp-Ibpw A∂p cmXn Xs∂ Cµ-a\p Hcp I

Ø-b-°p-Ibpw sN-bvXp. Xßƒ ]nt‰∂p ImeØv kwJy-bpam

bn At±lw Xma-kn-°p∂ ÿeØv hcp-∂-Xm-sW∂pw AXp

sIm≠v ]pd-sØßpw t]mImsX ImØn-cn-°-W-sa∂pw B I

Øn¬ kn∂ucn kmln_v Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. AX-\p-k

cn®v cmXn At±lw kwJy Xøm-dm-°p-Ibpw ImeØv ap≥in

Cµ-as‚ Xma-k-ÿ-eØv sN√p-Ibpw sNbvXp. F∂m¬, Cµ-

a≥ AhnsS D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. At±lw cmXn Xs∂ h≠n Ibdn

Ftßmt´m t]mbn-°-f-s™∂v At\z-j-W-Øn¬\n∂p a\- n

em-°m≥ Ign-™p. Cµ-as‚ B≤ym-flnI ]co£ A-tXm-SpIqSn

Ah-km-\n-°p-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. kz¥w ho´n¬ sN∂Xn\pti

jw Xs‚ Xncn-t®m-´-Øns‚ta¬ ad-bn-Sm-\mbn At±lw Hcp

iaw \S-Øn. ]t£, kqcys‚ t\sc aÆv hmcn Fdn-bp∂Xp

sIm≠v ^e-sa-¥p-≠m-hm-\mWv?

AXn-\p-tijw ]fin‰v teJvdmans‚ Dugw h∂p. At±lw

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 183

Zpjn® \m°p-Im-c\pw ]cn-lm-kn-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚

t]\bpw \m°pw aq¿®tb-dnb IØn°v kam-\-am-bn-cp-∂p. A

t±lw lZvdØv AlvaZv(A)-ambn FXn¿°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n H

cn-°¬ JmZn-bm-\n¬ hcn-I-bp-≠m-bn. F∂m¬, GXm\pw Znhkw

iXp-°-fpsSIqsS Xma-kn®v aS-ßn-t∏m-hp-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv.

AXn-\p-tijw lZvdØv AlvaZn-t\mSv(A) ssZhn-I-amb AS-

bm-f-Øn-\mbn At±lw Bh-iy-s∏-´p. lZvdØv AlvaZv(A)

teJvdm-an-s\-∏‰n ]m¿∞n-®p. B ]m¿∞-\-bv°p-Ø-c-ambn al

Ømb Hcp ]h-N-\-sØ-∏‰n A√mlp At±-l-Øn\v hnh-c-a-dn

bn-®p. 1893 s^_p-hcn 20 \p ]kn-≤o-I-cn® hn⁄m-]-\-Øn¬

lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) C]-Imcw ]d™p:

Adn™p sIm≠mepw! Rm≥ 1886 s^_-hcn 20˛\p Hcp

hn⁄m-]\w ]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw AXv B KŸtØmSp-

IqSn tN¿°p-Ibpw sNbvXn- p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. B hn⁄m-]-\-Øn¬

Cµ-a≥ apdm-Zm-_m-Zn-°pw teJvdmw ]nim-h-cn°pw Ah¿ C„s∏-

Sp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ah-cpsS A¥y-sØ-∏‰n Nne ]h-N-\-ßƒ

sNøm-sa∂v Blzm\w \evIn-bn-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. B hn⁄m-]

\-Øn-\p-tijw Cµ-a≥ Hgn-™p-am-dp-Ibpw Ipd-®p Ime-Øn\p

tijw ac-W-a-S-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. F∂m¬, teJvdmam-Is´, X

s∂-∏‰n F¥p ]h-N\w thW-sa-¶nepw sNbvXp-sIm-≈m\pw

Aßs\ sNøp-∂Xv X\n°v kΩ-X-am-sW∂pw Adnbn®psIm

≠v hfsc ss[cy-tØm-Sp-I-qSn Hcp Im¿Uv F\n°v Ab-°p-I

bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. At±-l-sØ-∏‰n ]m¿∞n-®-t∏mƒ k¿∆-i-‡

\mb A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v F\n°v C]-Imcw shfn-]m-Sp-≠mbn:

ÂrØºqŠ‚ºÖäüìç]…º³ÖäüÞ’gºæÂ„]h³AXm-b-Xv, ""Abmƒ Poh-\n-√mØ Hcp ]ip-°p-´n-bm-Wv.

Abm-fn¬ \n∂v Zpjn-s®mcp i_vZw ]pd-s∏- p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.

Abmƒ°v B hnIn-b-Iƒ°pw Zp¿`m-j-W-ßƒ°pw ]I-c-ambn

in£bpw ZpxJhpw \mihpw hn[n-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. AX-bmƒ°v

In´msX t]mhp-I-bn-√.'' AXn-\p-tijw B in£-bpsS kabw

Adn-bp-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n, 1893 s^_-hcn 20\p Xn¶-fm-gvN-bmb

C∂v ]m¿∞\ \SØnbt∏mƒ ""C∂sØ XnbXn apX¬ 6

sIm√-Øn-\p-≈n¬ B a\p-jy≥ Abm-fpsS Zp¿`m-j-W-Øn\v

184 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

]I-c-ambn AXm-bXv Abmƒ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS t\¿°v Im

Wn® Ah-tl-f-\-Øn\v ]I-c-am-bn, ITn-\-amb in£-bn¬ AI

s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-sW∂v k¿∆-i--‡\mb A√mlp F\n°v shfn-s∏Sp-

Øn-Ø-∂n-cn-°p-∂p. AXn-\m¬ Rm-\n-t∏mƒ Cu ]h-N\w ]kn-

≤-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v F√m apkvenwI-sfbpw Bcy-k-am-P-°msc

bpw InkvXym-\n-I-sfbpw a‰p P\-hn- m-K-ß-sfbpw Adn-bn®psIm

≈p-∂p˛ B a\p-jys‚ta¬ C∂p apX¬ Bdv sIm√-°m-e-Øn

\p-≈n¬ km[m-cW t¢i-ß-fn¬\n∂v hyXy-kvXhpw Akm[m-

cW kz`m-h-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bXpw ssZh-tIm-]-Øns‚ e£-Wapƒ

s°m-≈p-∂-Xp-amb B]Øv Cd-ßp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ Rm≥ ssZhØn

s‚ mKØp\n∂p-≈-h-\-s√∂pw Fs‚ hm°n\v Ah-\p-ambnbm

sXmcp _‘-hpan-s√∂pw [cn®psIm≈-Ww. Cu ]h-N\w \nd

th-dm-Xn-cn-°p-IbmsW¶n¬ GsXmcp in£bpw A\p- -hn-°m≥

Rm≥ Hcp-°-am-Wv. Igp-Øn\p Ib-dn´p GsX-¶nepw Xq°p-a-c

Øn¬ Fs∂ Ib-‰p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXpw F\n°v kΩ-X-amWv.

AtX hn⁄m-\-]-\-Øns‚ XpS-°-Øn¬ lZvdØv AlvaZv

A), teJvdmans\ kw_-‘n®v Xmsg D≤-cn-°p∂ t]¿ky≥

]Zy-ßfpw tN¿Øn-´p-≠m-bn-cp∂p:

kq£n®p sIm≈p-I, Ahn-th-Inbpw hgn-]n-g-®-h-\p-amb

Ckvemans‚ iXpth! (\o \ns‚ \mhm-Ip∂ ITmcn sX√p-t\

cw AS-°n-sh-°p-I). lZvdØv apl-Ω-Zv(-k) Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS amcI-

amb JUvKsØ `b-s∏-´m-epw. A√m-lp-hns‚ ASp°-te°v

FØm-\p-≈Xpw P\-ßƒ°v \jvS-s∏- p-t]m-b-Xp-amb am¿§sØ

lZvdØv apl-Ω-Zv(-k.-A) Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS B≤ym-flnI k¥m\-

ß-fnepw At±-l-Øns‚ aX-Øns‚ klm-bn-I-fnepw At\zjn-

°p-I. apl-Ω-Zp-\-_n(-k-A) Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS D¬°r-jvS-amb ]Z

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 185

hn-tbbpw hy‡-amb ]Im-i-tØbpw \ntj-[n-°p∂ tl a\p

jym! C°m-eØv A¤p-X-Ir-Xy-ß-fpsS t]cpw AS-bm-fhpw ad

™p-t]m-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. F∂m¬, apl-Ω-Zp-\-_n(-k.-A) Xncp

ta-\n-bpsS Zmk-cmb Rß-fpsS ASp°¬h∂v AXv I≠psIm

≈p-I.

]n∂oSv, 1893 G]n¬ 2˛mw XnbXn ho≠pw At±-l-samcphn

⁄m-]\w ]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øn. AXn¬ Cßs\ ]Jym-]n®p:

1893 G]n¬ 2˛mw XnbXn AXm-b-Xv 1310 da-Zm≥ 14˛mw Xn

b-Xn-bmb C∂v ]pe¿Im-eØv tei-samcp ab-°-Øns‚ Ah

ÿ-bn¬ Rm≥ I≠p. Rms\mcp hnim-e-amb sI´n-S-Øn¬ C

cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Nne kvt\ln-X≥amcpw Ft∂m-sSm-∂n-®p-≠v. X¬

k-abw i‡-Im-b\pw `b-¶-c-cq-]n-bp-amb Hcmƒ Fs‚ apºn¬

h∂p \n∂p. Abm-fpsS apJ-Øp-\n∂v tNmc C‰p-ho-gp-∂-Xmbn

tXm∂n. Rm≥ ZrjvSn Db¿Øn t\m°n-b-t∏mƒ Abmƒ Hcp-

]p-Xnb BIr-Xn-bnepw ]Ir-Xn-bn-ep-ap-ff Bfm-sW∂pw F\n°v

tXm∂n. At±lw a\p-jy-\√ DK-∑m-cmb ae-°p-I-fn¬ Hcm-fm-

sW∂v F\n°v a\- n-em-bn. At±-l-Øns‚ `b-¶-cm-Imcw F

s‚ lrZ-bsØ kv]¿in-®p. Rm≥ t\m°n-s°m-≠n-cn-t°, te

Jvvdmw FhnsS F∂-t±-l-sa-t∂mSv tNmZn-®p. as‰m-cm-fpsSt]¿

IqSn ]d™p sIm≠v Abmfpw FhnsS F∂-t±lw tNmZn-®p.

At±lw teJvdman-t\bpw as‰ Bsfbpw in£n-°m≥th≠n

\ntbm-Kn-°-s∏- n-cn-°-bm-sW∂v At∏mƒ F\n°v a\- n-embn.

F∂m¬ as‰ Bƒ Bcm-sW∂v F\n°v a\- n-em-bn-√.

]n∂oSv 1893¬ At±lw Xs‚ "_d-°m-Øp-±pB' F∂ KŸ

Øn¬ k¿k-ønZv AlvaZvJms\ A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNbvXp sIm

≠p C]-Im-c-sa-gpXn:

]m¿∞-\bv°v h√ ^e-hp-ap-s≠-¶n¬ AXv FhnsS F∂v

tNmZn°p∂ a\p-jym! Fs‚ ASp-°¬ thKw hcq. ZpB-bpsS

186 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

êw kqcy-s\-t∏mse hy‡-ambn \nßƒ°v ImWn®p Xcmw.

ssZh-Øns‚ tKm]y-ß-fmb i‡n-am-lm-fly-ßsf \nßƒ \n

tj-[n-°m-Xn-cn-°pI! ZpB-bpsS êw ImW-W-sa-¶n¬ hcq;

Bsc-∏-‰n-bp≈ ZpB kzoI-cn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v A√mlp

Fs∂ Adn-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂pthm B ZpB-bpsS êw I≠p-sIm-

≈p-I.

"Bsc-∏-‰n-bp≈ ZpB' F∂p ]d-™n-SØv tN¿Øn-´p≈

Hcp Ipdn-∏n¬ teJvdmans‚ ac-W-sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈ ZpB F∂

hymJym\w B ka-bØpXs∂ At±lw \evIn-bn-´p-≠m-bn-cp-

∂p.

ho≠pw 1893˛¬ At±lw Xs‚ "Idm-a-mØp- zm-Zn-Jo≥' F∂

KŸ-Øn¬ Cßs\ FgpXn:

æe†Þo…eoæÎ^ÙÚf†÷]‰jÃ†ÍmçÝ]ÖÃn‚]Î†hteJvdmans‚ acWw kw_-‘n®v kphn-ti-j-a-dn-bn®p sIm

≠v A√mlp ]d™p: ASpØpXs∂ B s]cp-∂mƒ Zn\sØ

\o Adnbpw; bYm¿∞-amb s]cp-∂mƒ B s]cp-∂m-fn-\Sp-Øm

bn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.

teJvdmans‚ acWw s]cp-∂m-fn-t\mSv ASpØ Hcp Znh-k

Øn¬ kw -hn-°p-sa∂ Cu hm¿Ø Nne Bcy-k-am-P-]-X-ßfn

epw ]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p (k-amNm¿ ]Xw XpSßn-

bh t\m°p-I).

CXv lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)s‚ `mK-Øp-\n-∂p-≠mb ]h-N

\-am-Wv. C\n teJvdm-ans‚ mKØp\n∂v F¥p kw -hn-®p-sh∂v

t\m°p-I. ]fin‰v teJvdmw At±-l-Øns‚ Hcp KŸ-Øn¬

lZvdØv AlvaZn-(A)s\-Xn-cmbn C]-Im-c-sa-gpXn:

""I≈w ]d-bp-∂-hs\ Ahs‚ hmXn-°-tem-f-tam-Sn-t°-≠-

Xm-sW∂ B]vX-hm-Iy-a-\p-k-cn®v an¿km-km-ln-_ns‚ Cu HSp

hn-esØ At]-£bpw Rm≥ kzoI-cn®p sIm≠v ap_m-le C

hn-sS-Øs∂ A®-Sn-∏n®v ]kn-≤-s∏-Sp--Øn-s°m-≈p-∂p.

""]fin‰v Xmcm-knßv i¿Ω-bpsS aI\pw "X°vZo-s_- _dm-

los\ AlvaZn-øm'-bp-sSbpw Cu KŸ-Øn-s‚bpw I¿Øm-hpam

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 187

b teJvdmw F∂ Rm≥ a\- m-∂-n≤y-tØmSpw kXy-t_m-[

tØmSpwIqSn ]d-bp∂p: Rm≥ kp¿a-N-ivsa-Bcy F∂ KŸw

BZyw apX¬ Ah-km\whsc hmbn-®p˛ Hcn-°-e-√, At\-I]m-

h-iyw. AXnse sXfn-hp-Iƒ \√-Xp-t]mse a\- n-em-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp. F∂m¬, Ah-bpsS A_-≤sØ kXy-[¿Ω-amb thZ

sØ ]am-W-am°n Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ ]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p

≠v. an¿km kmln-_ns‚ sXfn-hp-I-sfm∂pw Fs‚ lrZ-b-Øn\p

sX√pw ew sNbvXn-ń-√. Ah kXy-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-´-h-bpa-

√. Rm≥ Fs‚ PK¬]n-Xm-hmb ]c-ta-iz-cs\ km£n-bm-°n

s°m≠v G‰p ]d-bp-∂p˛ \mep hnip≤ thZ-ßfpw kXy-am¿§

Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-am-sW∂v Rm≥ F]-Imcw hniz-kn-°p-∂p

thm A]-Imcw Fs‚ Bflm-hn\pw as‰√m Bflm-°ƒ°pw

Hcn-°epw ]q¿Æ-amb \miw D≠m-hp-∂-X-s√∂pw Hcn-°epw

D≠m-bn- n-s√∂pw Rm≥ ZrVambn hnizkn-°p-∂p. Fs‚ Bflm-

hns\ Bcpw krjvSn-®-X-√. AXv F∂pw ]c-am-flm-hns‚ A\mZn

i‡n-bn¬\n∂n-cp-∂Xpw \ne-\nev°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv. AXp-t]m-se-

Xs∂ Fs‚ ico-c-Øns‚ [mXp-hpw, AXm-bXv ]IrXn As√

¶n¬ ]c-am-Wp, A\m-Zn-bmb ]c-am-flm-hns‚ A[o-\-Øn¬ D

≠m-bn-cp-∂-XmWv; Hcn-°epw C√m-Xm-hp-I-bn-√. apgp-h≥ PKØn-

s‚bpw krjvSn kwlm-c-ßƒ \n¿∆-ln-°p-∂Xv Hcp-h-\m-Wv. a

‰mcpw Ah\v ]¶m-fn-bm-bn- n-√. Rm≥ ]c-ta-iz-c-s\-t∏mse apgph

≥ temI-Øns‚bpw DS-a-ÿt\m \n¿Ωm-Xmthm A√; k¿∆

hym]nbpw k¿∆m-¥-cym-an-bp-a-√. t\sc-a-dn-®v, B alm-i‡nam

s‚ Hcp Ffnb tkh-I≥ amX-am-Wv. F∂m¬, Ahs‚ ⁄m\-

Ønepw i‡n-bnepw F∂pw D≈-h-\m-Wv. Hcn-°epw C√m-Xm-

bn-ń-√. C√m-bva-bvs°mcp ÿe-an-√. bmsXmcp hkvXp-hn\pw

C√m-bva-bp-an-√. AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ I¿Ω-Øn-\-\p-k-cn®v alm

I¬]w hsc ap‡n Inń-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-sa∂pw AXn-\p-tijw

]c-am-flm-hns‚ \ymb-a-\p-k-cn®v ho≠pw a\p-jy-P∑w ssIs°m-

t≈≠n hcp-sa∂pw ]cn-an-X-amb I¿Ω-Øn\v A]-cn-an-X-amb

êw kn≤n-°p-I-bn-s√-∂p-ap≈ thZ-Øns‚ \ymb-]q¿∆-amb

A≤ym-]-\-Ønepw Rm≥ hniz-kn-°p-∂p.... ]c-ta-iz-c≥ ]m]-

ßƒ Atijw s]mdp-°p-I-bn-s√∂pw Rm≥ hniz-kn-°p-∂p.

Rm≥ thZ-ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Cß-s\bpw ZrV-ambnhn

188 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

iz-kn-°p-∂p. \mev thZ-ßfpw Cuiz-c-⁄m-\-am-Wv. AXn¬

A¬]-sa-¶nepw sXt‰m Ifthm As√-¶n¬ sI´p-I-Y-tbm C√.

AXns\ F√m ImeØpw alm-I¬]-Øn-\p-ti-j-ap≈ F√m

]pXnb temIØpw PK-Øns‚ s]mXp am¿§-Z¿i-\-Øn-\p-th≠n

ssZhw ]Im-in-∏n®p sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu krjvSn-bpsS XpS°-

Øn¬ a\p-jys\ krjvSn-®-tXmSp IqSn ]c-am-flmhv \mev Ejnam-

cpsS Bflm-°-fn¬ thZ-ßsf Cd-°n.... GXp-]-Imcw a‰p sX‰m

b am¿§-ßƒ sX‰m-sW∂v Rm≥ Icp-Xp-∂p-thm, AXp-]Imcw

Xs∂ thZ-ßƒs°-Xn-cm-bn-cn-°p∂ Jp¿-B\pw AXns‚ kn

≤m-¥-ßfpw D]-tZ-i-ßfpw sX‰m-sW∂pw If-hm-sW∂pw Rm≥

Icp-Xp-∂p. F∂m¬ Fs‚ ]Xn-]-£-°m-c-\mb an¿km Kpemw

AlvaZv Jp¿-B≥ ssZh-h-N-\-am-sW-∂mWv hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xv.

AXns‚ F√m D]-tZ-i-ßfpw kXyhpw icn-bpam-sW∂pw A

t±lw hniz-kn-°p-∂p... GXp-]-Imcw Jp¿-B≥ apX-em-bXv hm

bn-®-Xn-\p-tijw Rm\Xv sX‰m-sW∂v Icp-Xp-∂pthm AXp-]

Imcw kwkvIr-Xhpw \mK-cn-en-]nbpw Xotc Adn-bmØ At±lw

thZ-ßƒ ImWp-Itbm hmbn-°p-Itbm sNømsX Ah sX‰m

sW∂v hniz-kn-°p-∂p......

A√-tbm, ]c-ta-iz-cm, Rßƒ c≠v I£n-I-sf-∏-‰nbpw

\o kXyw hn[n-®m-epw... I≈hmZn kXy-hm-s\-t∏mse Hcn°epw

\ns‚ k∂n-[n-bn¬ am\n-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√.

IqSm-sX, ]fin‰v teJvdmw Cß-s\bpw hmZn-°p-I-bp≠m

bn:

Cu a\p-jy≥ (lZvdØv AlvaZv) I≈-hm-Zn-bm-bn-cn-°bm¬

aq∂p-sIm-√-Øn-\p-≈n¬ tImfd _m[n®v ac-W-a-S-bp-∂-Xm-Wv.

ImcWw (\-Du-Zp-_n-√m-lv) s]cpw-I-≈-\m-Wv. Abm-fpsS k¥m-

\-ß-fmcpw Ah-ti-jn-°p-I-bn√'' (X-IvZos_ _dm-los\ Alva-

Zn-øm, t]Pv 211, Ip√nbmsØ Bcy-ap-km-^n¿, t]Pv 501).

AXn\pw ]pd-sa, aq∂p sIm√-Øn-\Iw At±-l-Øns‚ (lZv

dØv AlvaZn-s‚) A¥yw hcp-sa∂v ]fin‰v teJvdmw Fgp-Xp

Ibpw sNbvXp. Npcp-°-Øn¬ lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)s\Xncn¬

]fin‰v teJvdmapw At±-l-Øns‚ ]c-ta-iz-c-\n¬\n∂v e`n-®

Xmbn hmZn®psIm≠v Hcp ktµiw temIsØ Adn-bn-®p.

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 189

C\n k¿∆-i-‡-\mb ssZhw F¥p hn[n-bmWv I¬]n-®

sX∂v t\m°p-I. lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) Xs‚ ]hN\w ]kn≤-

s∏-Sp-Ønb 5˛mw sIm√w, AXm-bXv 1897 am¿®v 6˛mw XnbXn

sNdnb s]cp-∂m-fns‚ ]nt‰-∂v, At±-l-Øns‚ A¤p-Xm-h-lam

b A`n-hr≤n I≠p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Ah-ÿ-bn¬ ]fin‰v teJv

dmw A⁄m-X-\mb Hcp-hs‚ ssIbm¬ sIm√-s∏-´p. Xs‚ c

‡-Øm¬ Ckvemans‚ kXy-Øn\v apZ IpØn-s°m≠pw Xs‚

Bi-Iƒ \nd-th-‰m-Ø-Xn¬ tJZn-®p-sIm≠pw ]fin‰v teJvdmw

Cu temI-tØmSv hnS ]d™p ad-™p. FX-Xs∂ ]cn-i-an

®n´pw At±-l-Øns‚ LmX-Is‚ Xpºp In´p-I-bp-≠m-bn√! B

LmX-I≥ A¥¿≤m\w sNbvX Hcp a\p-jyt\m BIm-itØ

°v Itc-dnb Hcp aet°m F∂v B¿°pw Adn™p IqSm. Fs¥

∂m¬, ]fin‰v teJvdmw sIm√-s∏´ kabw Hcp kµ¿i-I≥

]pdØp \n∂v At±-l-Øns‚ hońs‚ ]Sn-hm-Xn-°¬ h∂p \n

ev°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw Bcpw ]pdØp t]mIp-∂Xv Abmƒ

I≠n-cp-∂n-s√-∂p-amWv ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. teJvdmans‚ mcy-bpsS

bpw a‰pw samgn-]-Im-c-am-sW-¶n¬, LmX-I≥ teJvdmans\ sIm

∂-Xn-\p-tijw tImWn-∏Sn Ibdn hońs‚ Xń≥ apI-fn-te°v

t]mhp-I-bmWv sNbvX-sX∂pw ]n∂oSv Ahs‚ bmsXmcp AS-

bm-fhpw I≠n-s√-∂p-am-W-dn-bp-∂-Xv. Npcp-°-Øn¬, lZvdØv A

lvaZn(A)s‚ ]h-N-\-a-\p-k-cn®v teJvdmw sIm√-s∏-Sp-I-bm¬

B ]h-N-\-Øns‚ kXy-Øn\v apZ IpØ-s∏-´p.

F∂m¬, IjvSw! Cu kw`-h-Øn¬\n∂v ]mTw ]Tn-°p-I

bpw ssZ-h-Øns‚ ]Im-i-a-b-amb Cu AS-bm-f-Øn¬\n∂v e

sa-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xn\v ]Icw Bcy-k-am-P-°m-cpsS hntZz

jm·n IqSp-X-embn Bfn-°-Øp-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. lZvdØv

AlvaZv(A) teJvdmans\ sIm√n-®p-sh∂v Ah¿ DZvtLm-jn®p

XpS-ßn. teJvdmans‚ h[-Øn\v ]Xn-Im-c-ambn lZvdØv Alv

aZn(A)s\ sIm∂pIf-bp-∂-Xm-sW∂v òj-Wn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ A

t\Iw IØp-Iƒ A°m-eØv At±-l-Øn\v Inń-s°m-≠n-cp∂p.

AXn-s\-Øp-S¿∂v A√m-lp-hns‚ t]cn¬ kXyw sNbvXp Xs‚

\nc-]-cm-[nXzw ]Im-in-∏n®psIm≠v At±-l-samcp hn⁄m-]\w

]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øn. AXn¬ Cßs\ Fgp-Xn-bn-cp∂p:

""C\nbpw kwi-bm-ep-°-fpsS kwibw Xocp-∂n-s√-¶n-epw,

190 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

lnµp-]-X-ßƒ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xp-t]mse B h[w Hcp KqVm

tem-N-\-bpsS e-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw AXn¬ F\n°v ]¶ps≠

∂pw Ah¿ hnNm-cn-°p-∂p-s≠-¶nepw F√m Imcy-Øn\pw Xocpam-

\-ap-≠m-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn Rm≥ \s√mcp hgn-Im-Wn®p Xcmw. AXv

CXmWv: ""Aß-s\-bp≈ Bƒ Fs‚ apºmsI h∂p Xmsg]d

bpw ]Imcw kXyw sNø-s´. Ct±lw (l-ZvdØv AlvaZv) h[Kq-

Vm-tem-N-\-bn¬ ]¶p-Im-c-\m-bn-cp-s∂∂pw Ct±-l-Øns‚ \n¿

t±-i-]-Im-c-amWv h[-kw- -h-ap-≠m-bn- p-≈-sX∂pw Rm≥ ZrVam

bn hniz-kn-°p-∂p. CXv icn-b-s√-¶n¬, k¿∆-i-‡-\mb ssZh

ta, Hcp sIm√-Øn-\p-≈n¬ \o Fs‚ ta¬ B]Øv Cd-°nbm

epw! AXv b-¶-c-am-sbmcp B]-Øm-bn-cn-°-Ww. a\p-jy-I-c-ßfm

tem Ah-cpsS Btem-N-\-bpsS ^e-am-bnt´m D≠m-b-Xm-bn-cn

°-cp-Xv. a\p-jys‚ KqVm-tem-N-\bv°v AXn¬ ]¶p-s≠∂v tXm

∂p-I-bp-a-cp-Xv.'' C]-Imcw kXyw sNøp-∂-h≥ Hcp sIm√whsc

Fs‚ FXn¿]m¿∞-\-bn¬\n∂v c£-s∏-Sp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Rm

≥ Ip‰-°m-c-\m-Wv. Hcp sIme-]m-X-In°v Int´≠ in£bv°v A¿l

\p-am-Wv. AXn-\m¬, Ic-fp-d-∏p≈ Hcp Bcy-k-am-P-°m-c \ps≠¶n

¬ Abmƒ apt∂m- p-h∂v apgp-h≥ temI-sØbpw kwibØn¬

\n∂v hnap-‡-am-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn Cu am¿§w ssIs°m≈-s´.''

Bcy-k-am-P-°m-cpsS apºn¬ ka¿∏n-°s´ Cu am¿§w FX

sNm∆mb H∂m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v hmb-\-°m¿ Btem-Nn-°p-I. IqSm-

sX, ta¬]Imcw kXyw sNøp∂ Bƒ Hcp sIm√-Øn-\Iw

\mi-a-S-bm-Xn-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Abmƒ°v 10000I. kΩm\w

sImSp-°m-sa∂v hmKvZm\w sNøp∂ as‰mcp hn⁄m-]\w lZv

dØv AlvaZv(A) ]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn. AXn¬, Hcp

sIme-]m-X-In-sb-∂-t]mse Xs∂ Xq°p-a-c-Øn¬ Ib-‰m\pw

Xs‚ arX-tZlw iXp-°sf Gev]n-°m\pw IqSn At±lw kΩ-

Xn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]t£, Hscm‰ Bcy-k-am-Pn-sb-¶nepw ka-

c-cw-K-Øn-dßn h∂n-√. Ah¿ Zqsc\n∂v _lfw sh®v Bfl-

kw-Xr]vXn sIm≈p-I-bmWv sNbvXXv! kp_vlm-\√m! Ckveman

s‚ kXy-Øn\pw Bcy-k-am-P-Øns‚ Ak-Xy-Øn\pw th≠n

]Xy-£-s∏´ FX al-Øm-sbmcp AS-bm-f-am-bn-cp∂p CXv!

k≥am¿§-Øns‚ kqcy≥ DZn-®p-b¿∂-Xp-t]m-se-bm-bn-cp-s∂¶n

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 191

epw A‘-amb temI-Øn\v AXns‚ Inc-W-ßƒ ImWp-hm≥

Ign-™n-√. IjvSw!

teJvdmans\ lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) sIm√n-®-Xm-sW∂v

kwi-bn-°p-∂Xv FX hen-sbmcp h¶-Ø-amWv? Btem-N-\m-

iq-\y-tc! ]fin‰v teJvdmw lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)s‚ KqVm-

tem-N-\-bpsS e-am-bn´mWv sIm√-s∏- -sX∂pXs∂ k¶¬]n-

®p-sIm-≈p-I. F∂m-se-¥mWv? AXp-sIm≠v ]h-N-\-Øns‚

kXy-Øn\v h√ am‰hpw hcp-∂pt≠m? c≠p t]cpw ssZh-tØmSv

hn[n Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-Ibpw I≈-hmZn \in-°m\pw kXy-hms‚

kXyw shfn-s∏-Sm\pw ]m¿∞n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp F∂-Xt√

hmkvXhw? c≠p-t]cpw Xm¥m-ß-fpsS aX-Øns‚ kXy-Øn\v

ASn-ÿm-\-ambn Cu ap_m-l-e-bpsS ^esØ kΩ-Xn-®n-cp-

∂nt√? F∂n-cn-t°, lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)s‚ am\p-jn-Im-bp[w

]fin‰v teJvdmans‚ta¬ en-s®-¶n¬, lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)

s‚ ssZh-sa-∂p-th-≠, At±lwXs∂bpw Bcy-k-am-P-°m-cpsS

ssZh-tØ-°mƒ i‡-\m-sW-∂t√ AXp-sIm≠v sXfn-bp-∂Xv?

Xs‚ ]nb-s∏´ Zmk-\mb teJvdmw Xt∂mSv hn[n Bh-iy-

s∏-´n-´p-s≠∂pw Xs‚ aX-Øns‚ kXyw teJvdmw kpc-£n-X-

\m-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw an¿km kmln_v \mi-a-S-bp-Ibpw sNøp-I-

sb∂ hn[nsb Bi-bn-®mWv \ne-sIm-≈p-∂-sX∂pw Cu hn[n

ImWp-hm≥ Hcp temIw ImØn-cn-°p-∂p-s≠∂pw Adn-™p-

sIm≠v Bcy-k-am-P-°m-cpsS ssZh-Øn\v lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)

s\ \in∏n°pItbm t]mI-s´, Xs‚ ]nb-s∏´ Zmk-\mb

teJvdmans\ lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)s‚ KqVm-tem-N-\-bn¬ \n∂v

c£n-°m≥t]mepw Ign-™n-s√-∂p-≈Xv BcpsS ]cm-P-b-sØ-

bmWv sXfn-bn-°p-∂Xv? CXn-s∂-Xn-cn¬ Ckvemans‚ ssZhw

lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)s\ euIn-Ihpw BIm-i-kw-_-‘n-bp-amb

F√mhn[ hn]-Øp-I-fn¬\n∂pw c£n®psIm≠pw At±-l-

Øns‚ iXp-hns\ At±-l-Øns‚ ]h-N-\-]-Imcw \in-∏n®p

sIm≠pw Ckvemans‚ kXy-sØbpw Bcy-k-am-P-Øns‚ Ak-

Xy-sØbpw ]‰n Ft∂-°p-ambn Xo¿∏p-I¬]n-°p-I-bmWv .Xn-

bn-cp-∂p. Npcp-°-Øn¬ B tI ns‚ ]cy-h-km-\-an-Xm-Wv. BZy

sØ aPn-kvtS´v C.-F.kn ÿm\-Øp-\n∂v ap≥kn-∏mbn Xcw

XmgvØ-s∏-Sp-Ibpw Kp¿Zm-kv]q-cn¬\n∂v am‰-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp.-

192 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

A-t±-l-Øn\p ]Icw h∂ aPn-kvtS v Xs‚ c≠v bph-]p-X≥am

cpsS hntbm-K-ZpxJw A\p-`-hn-t°≠n h∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ m

cybv°v Bbn-sS-bp-≠mb Xm°oXp \evIp∂ kz]v\-ßsf AK

Wy-am-°n-s°m≠v At±lw lZvdØv AlvaZn\v 500I. ]ng I¬

]n°p-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. Cu hn[n-bn≥ta¬ t_m[n-∏n® A∏o

en¬ ta¬t°m-S-Xn, Iogvt°m-SXn hn[n-sb-∏‰n ITn-\-ambn hna

¿in®p sIm≠v in£ d±m-°p-Ibpw ]ng aS-°n-s°m-Sp-°m≥ I¬]n-

°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. lZvdØv AlvaZv(A)A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v kphn-

tijw e`n-®-X-\p-k-cn®v ap≥Iq´n ]X-ß-fn¬ ]kn-≤s∏-SpØn

bn-cp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-Øs∂ am\y-ambn hn -bv°-s∏- p.Bcy≥ kvt\

ln-X≥am¿°v \ncm-i-tbmsS AXv t\m°n-\nevt°≠n h∂p.

Cu hnjbw D]-kw-l-cn-°p-∂-Xn\p aptº JmZn-bm-\nse

Bcy-k-am-Pn-I-sf-∏-‰nbpw c≠v hm°v ]d-bp-∂Xv kµ¿t`m-NnX-

am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v Icp-Xp-∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬, A√m-lp-hns‚ i‡n-

]-`m-h-Øns‚ Nne ]tXyI Inc-W-ßƒ Ah-cpsS CS-bnepw

shfn-s∏- n- p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. JmZn-bm-\nse Bcy-k-amPw Iptd ]g-

°-ap≈ H∂m-Wv. B kamP-Ønse c≠v AwK-ß-fmb ememi-

cw-]Øpw emem-a-em-hm-aepw BZy-Imew apX¬t° lZvdØv

AlvaZn(A)s‚ ASp-°¬ ]Xn-hmbn hcm-dp-≠m-bn-cp∂p. Ah¿

aX-hn-j-b-sØ-°p-dn®v kw`m-jWw \S-Øp-Ibpw ]Xn-hm-bn-cp

∂p. Ah-cn-cp-hcpw lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)s‚ At\Iw ]h-N

\-ßƒ \nd-th-dn-bXv I≠n-´p-≠v. ]t£, P∑-\m-ep≈ lrZ-b-

Im-Tn\yw tlXp-hmbn kXyw kzoI-cn-°m≥ Ah¿°v Ign-™n-√.

Bsc-¶n-epw, AS-bmfw ImWm≥ BK-ln-°p-∂-h-cp-s≠¶n

¬ Ah¿ JmZn-bm-\n¬h∂v Xt∂m-sSm-∂n®v Hcp sIm√w Xma

kn-°s´ F∂v Blzm\w sNbvXp-sIm≠v 1884˛85¬ lZvdØv

AlvaZv(A) hn⁄m-]\w ]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-t∏mƒ JmZn-bm\n

se Nne Bcy-k-am-Pn-Ifpw k\m-X-\-°mcpw AS-bmfw ImWm\m

bn Fgp-Øp-aqew At±-l-tØmSv BKlw ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-I-bp-≠m

bn. AXn-s\-Øp-S¿∂v c≠v Iq´cpw XΩn¬ Hcp Icm¿ Fgp-Xp-

Ibpw c≠v mKØp\n∂pw km£n-Isf \ndp-Øn-s°m≠v AXn

¬ H∏p-sh-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. BbnsS lZvdØv AlvaZv(A)

At±-l-Øns‚ ASpØ_‘p-°-fmb an¿km \nkm-ap-±o≥, an¿

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 193

km Cam-ap-±o≥ F∂n-h-sc∏‰n Ah-cpsS BK-l-a-\p-k-cn®v Hcp

]h-N\w ]kn≤w sNbvXn-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. B ]h-N-\-Øn¬,

31 amk-Øn-\p-≈n¬ Ah-cpsS ho´n¬\n∂v Hcmƒ acn-°p-sa∂pw

B acWw aqew Ah¿°v ITn-\-amb at\m-hyY t\cn-Sp-sa∂pw

A√mlp Xs∂ Adn-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v At±lw hy‡-am°n-

bn-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. B ]h-N-\-Øn-\p≈ Imc-W-sa-s¥-∂m¬

lZvdØv AlvaZns‚ ]nXr-hy-]p-X∑m-cmb an¿km Cam-ap-±o≥,

an¿km \nkm-ap-±o≥ apX-em-b-h¿ Atßb‰w aX-hn-tcm-[n-I-fm-

bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿ ssZh-h-N-\-sØbpw C¬lm-an-s\bpw ]‰n ]cn-

l-kn-°p-Ibpw in£m-]-c-amb Fs¥-¶nepw ssZhnI AS-bm-f

ßƒ°mbn Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. Npcp-°

Øn¬, ]c-ky-Øn¬ ]d-™-Xp-t]mse Xßƒ°pw Hcp sIm√

Øn-\p-≈n¬ Fs¥-¶n-ep-samcp AS-bmfw ImWn®p-sIm-Sp-°-W

sa∂v Bh-iy-s∏- p-sIm≠v ÿesØ lnµp-°fpw lZvdØv Alv

aZn(A)\v IØ-b-®p.

C\n A√m-lp-hns‚ ]hrØn t\m°p-I. lnµp-°ƒ Bhiy-

s∏´ Hcp sIm√w Ign-bp-∂-Xn\v aptº, 31 amkw Ah-[n-sh-®p

sIm-≠p≈ ]h-N-\-Ønse Ah-[n-bn¬ GXm\pw Znhkw IqSn

_m°n-bp-≠m-bn-cn-t°, 31 amkw Ign-bm-dm-sb∂pw C\n GXm

\pw Znh-k-ßƒIq-Sntb _m°n-bp-≈p-sh∂pw F∂m¬, ASbm-

f-sam∂pw CXp-hsc I≠n-s√∂pw F√m-hcpw kpc-£n-X-cm-bn

Øs∂ Pohn-°p-I-bm-sW∂pw iXp-°ƒ sIm´n-tLm-jn-°p-hm≥

XpS-ßn. A°q-´¿ Cßs\ ]cn-l-kn-°p-Ibpw Nncn-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cnt° s]´∂v A√m-lp-hns‚ AS-bmfw ]Xy

£-s∏- p. Fß-s\-sb-∂m¬, 31 amksØ Ah-[n-bn¬ 15 Znhkw

amXw _m°n-bp-≈-t∏mƒ an¿km \nkm-ap-±os‚ bph-]pXn G

Xm\pw amkw ]mb-ap≈ inip-hns\ hn´pw sh®v Cu temIØp-

\n∂v Ign™p IS-∂p t]mbn. BI-kvan-I-amb Cu acWw Imc

W-Øm¬ B IpSpw_w ISn\amb ZpxJØn¬ BgpIbpw sN

bvXp. Aßs\, Cusbmcp kw`hw Hcp mKØv an¿km \nkmap

±o\pw an¿km Camap±o\pw adp`mKØv JmZnbm\nse B lnµp-

°ƒ°pw AS-bm-f-am-bn-Øo¿∂p. F∂m¬, IÆp-Iƒ AS®p]nSn-

®-h¿°v kqcy-]-Imiw Fßs\ ImWp-hm≥ Ignbpw? A√mlp

hnip≤Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]d-bp-I-bmWv:

194 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

AS-bmfw ]q¿Øn-bm-bn-°-≠n´pw Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ kΩXn-

°p-∂n√; CsXt¥m NXnbpw X¥-hp-am-sW∂v ]d™p Ah¿

apJw Xncn®p If-bp-∂p.

JmZn-bm-\nep≈-h¿ AS-bmfw I≠p. F∂m¬, AXv NXn

bpw X¥-hp-am-sW∂v ]d™v Ah¿ apJw Xncn®p If-bp-IbmWv

sNbvX-Xv. amX-a-√, A_q-Plv¬ ]`r-Xn-I-sf-t∏mse Imew I

gnbpt¥mdpw Ah¿ iXp-X-bn¬ IqSp-X¬ apt∂m´p t]mhpIbpw

sNbvXp. teJvdmw sIm√s∏- -t∏mƒ a‰p≈ BNm-cy≥am-sct∏m

se Xs∂ JmZn-bm-\nse Bcy∑m-cp-sSbpw NqSns‚ UnKn h¿

≤n-®p. AXns‚ e-ambn lZvdØv AlvaZns‚ Pohn-X-Øns‚

Ah-km-\sØ GXm\pw sIm√-ß-fn¬ Ah¿ JmZn-bm-\n¬\n

∂v "ip`-Nn-¥Iv' F∂ t]cn¬ Hcp ]Xw ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-I-bp

≠m-bn. B ]Xw Bcy≥ kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ ]cn-]q¿Æ-am-sbmcp

amXr-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬, If-hv, I‰p-sI-´v, Zp¿`m-j-Ww,

A]-hmZw F∂n-h-bm-bn-cp∂p AXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\w. B ]X

Øns‚ A[n-]cpw \SØn∏p-Imcpw aq∂p-t]-cm-bn-cp∂p tkmw

cm-Pv, A£¿N-µv, KXvcmw. Cu aqhcpw Atßb‰w tZmlnIfpw

ZpjvS≥am-cp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-cpsS Zp¿`m-j-W-Øn-s‚bpw ]cnlm-

k-Øn-s‚bpw Nne amXr-I-I-fmWv Xmsg tN¿°p-∂Xv:

Ct±lw (l-ZvdØv AlvaZv) kzm¿∞-X¬]-c\pw Bfl]q-

P-I\pw ]m]nbpw Zp¿hr-Ø-\p-am-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v ZpjvShpw \nIr

jvS-hp-amb kz]v\-ßƒ Ct±-l-Øn-\p-≠m-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.

JmZn-bm\n ako-lns‚ shfn-]m-Sp-I-fp-sSbpw Abm-fp-sS

]h-N-\-ß-fp-sSbpw clkyw Xpd∂pIm´p-∂-Xn-\p≈ DØ-chm

Zw Gs‰-Sp-Øn-cn-°p∂ GI-]Xw "ip -Nn-¥Iv' BWv. an¿km JmZn

bm\n Zpxkz-`m-hnbpw Io¿Øn-]n-b\pw DZ-c-tk-h-I-\p-am-Wv.

Zp¿`-K≥, [\-tam-ln, h©-I≥, IpX-¥-]-Sp, Ifhp ]d-bp

∂-Xn¬ \n]p-W≥.

Rßƒ Abm-fpsS kqX-ßƒ Xpd∂p Im´pw. Cu Imcy

Øn¬ hnP-bn-°p-sa∂v hnizm-k-ap-≠v. an¿km D]m-bnbpw Ifhv

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 195

]d-bp-∂-h-\p-am-Wv. an¿km-bpsS kwL-°m¿ Zp¿\-S-∏p-Imcpw sX

Ωm-Sn-I-fp-am-Wv.

Rßƒ 15 sIm√-°mew XpS¿®-bmbn Htc Kma-Øn¬

ASp-Ø-SpØv Xma-kn®v Abm-fpsS ÿnXn-sb-∏‰n Nn¥n®p sIm

≠n-cp-∂p. CX-Imew Nn¥n-®-Xns‚ e-ambn Abmƒ bYm¿∞-

Øn¬ h©-I\pw kzm¿∞-X¬]-c\pw kpJ-tem-ep-]\pw Zp¿`m-

j-I\pw a‰p-am-sW∂v Rßƒ°v a\- n-em-bn. CXp-hsc Rßƒ

Hcp ZrjvSm-¥hpw I≠n-√. F∂m¬, Cu a\p-jy≥ F√m Znhk

hpw I≈ C¬lm-ap-Iƒ \n¿Ωn®p sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn Rß

ƒ ImWp-∂p. Abmƒ \nkvXp-ey-\m-sbmcp hnUvVnbm-Wv.

Npcp-°-Øn¬, ]kvXpX ]X-Øns‚ Hmtcm e°hpw sXdn

IƒsIm≠v A`n-tjIw sNø-s∏-´mWv ]pdØph∂n-cp-∂-Xv. B

cym-h¿Ø-Ønse ]cn-jvIrX kaq-l-Øns‚ sXdn-Iƒ tI v Xg

ºn® lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) Cu sXdn-Ifpw tI´p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p.

A√m-lp-Xs∂ Fs¥-¶nepw Xo¿∏p I¬]n-°p-sa∂v At±lw

hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. F∂m¬, Hcp Imcy-Øn¬ At±-l

Øn\v hep-Xmb DXv°-WvT-bp-≠m-bn. Fs¥-∂m¬, Cu Iq´¿

JmZn-bm≥ \nhm-kn-Ifpw Ab¬hm-kn-I-fp-am-sW∂v hmZn-°p∂-

h-cm-bn-cp-∂p. AXv ]Xy-£-Øn¬ icn-bm-Wp-Xm-\pw. Cu ÿnXn

bn¬ Ah-cpsS mKØp\n∂v ]pd-tØ°v t]mIp∂ h¿Ø-am-\

ßƒ Zp¿∫-e-lr-Z-b-cmb P\-ß-fn¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw kwi-b-ap≠m-

°m≥ Imc-W-am-Ipw. kXym-hÿ Adn-™n- n-√m-Ø-h¿°v kXyw

kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v AXv XS- -am-hp-Ibpw sNøpw. AXn-\m¬,

At±lw 1907s‚ XpS-°-Øn¬ "JmZn-bm≥ sI Bcy Hu¿ lw'

F∂ t]cn¬ Hcp KŸw cNn-®p. AXn¬ At±lw ssZh-in

£-sb-∏‰n `b-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v Ahsc KpW-tZm-jn-°p-Ibpw

Ah¿°p-th≠n teJvdmans‚ AS-bmfw ImWn-°-s∏´p Ign

™n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw Ah¿ C\nbpw Cu I‰p-sI-´n¬\n∂v Hgn

™pamdp-∂n-s√¶n¬ ssZhw Ah-cpsS CS-bn¬ Xs∂ as‰-

s¥-¶nepw AS-bmfw ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-Øp-sa∂pw Ah¿°v Xm°o

Xv \evIp-I-bp-ap-≠m-bn. JmZn-bm-\nse Bcy-k-am-P-°m-sc-∏‰n

At±lw B KŸ-Øns‚ Bcw- -Øn¬ Fgp-Xn-bXv Cß-s\bm

Wv:

196 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

teJvdmans‚ acWw hen-sbmcp AS-bm-f-am-Wv. ]t£, mKy

tZm-j-sa∂p ]d-b-s´, Ah-cXv a\- n-em-°p-∂n-√. Fs‚ \mYm,

\o Xs∂ Ah¿°Xv a\- n-em-°n-s°m-Sp-°p-I. BIm-i-Øp-\n

∂v Ah¿°mbn ho≠pw Hcp AS-bmfw ImWn-®mepw!

ho≠pw At±lw C]-Imcw FgpXn

ssZh-hn-[n-s°-Xn-cmbn H∂pw sNøm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn√mØ

XpsIm≠v, F√m-hcpw Ak`yw ]d-bm≥XpSßn; Ah-cpsS lrZ-

b-Øn¬ tXm∂n-bXv AXm-Wv. Ah-cpsS \b-\-ß-fn¬ e÷bpw

\mWhpw Ati-j-an-√. Ah¿ AXn¿I-hn™v ]cn[n hn´p Ign

™n-cn-°p-∂p. Rßƒ Bsc hniz-kn-®n-cn-°p-∂pthm Ah≥

i‡\pw alm-\p-am-Wv. Ah≥Xs∂ thWw h√Xpw ImWn°m

≥. Ah-\n¬\n∂v ]Xo-£n-°p-∂Xv AXm-Wv. A√tbm Bcyk-

am-P-°m-tc, CsX-¥mWv? \nß-fpsS lrZbw F¥p-sIm≠v adn

™pt]mbn? Cu A\ymbw Dt]-£n-®mepw! AXmWv e÷bp

sS hgn. \nßƒ F¥n\p Fs∂ IjvS-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p? F¥n\p

Fs∂-∏‰n IW-°n-√mØ I≈-°-Y-Iƒ \n¿Ωn®p Fs∂ tZm

ln-°p∂p? \nßƒ AXn¬\n∂v Hgn-bp-I-bmWv \√-Xv. B]Øn

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 197

¬\n∂p c£-s∏-Sm-\p≈ hgn AXm-Wv. GsXm-cp-hs‚ ]m¿∞\

bpsS e-ambn teJvdmw sht´‰p acn-°p-Ibpw hoSp-IƒtXmdpw

ZpxJ-hn-em]w apg-ßp-Ibpw sNbvXpthm B an¿k Rm≥ Xs∂

bm-Wv. hnip-≤≥amsc IjvS-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw Ah-cpsS lrZbw

thZ-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw A\ymbw ]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv

\∂-√. AXn-\p≈ in£ ta¬]-Im-c-am-bn-cn-°pw (JmZnbm≥sI

Bcy Hu¿ lw, t]Pv:61).

C\n, BbnsS Ign™ Hcp kw`hw ]d-bmw. Hcp Znhkw

Rß-fpsS _lp-am\y kvt\ln-X\pw A¬l°w ]Xm-[n]cp

amb lZvdØv ibvJv bAvJq_v- Aen kmln_v C¿^m-\o, Jm

Zn-bm-\nse t]mtÃm- o-kn¬ Ccn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. At±-lØn

s‚ ASp-°¬ ta¬]-d™ aq∂v Bcy-k-am-Pn-Ifn¬ Hcm-fmb

A£-c-Nµpw Ccn-°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. k_v t]mÃv amÃ¿ _m_p

A√m-ZØm kmln_pw AhnsS D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. lZvdØv Alva

Zpw(A) At±-l-Øns‚ h-\-Øn¬ ]m¿°p∂ F√m-hcpw tπKn

¬\n∂v kpc-£n-X-cm-hp-sa∂v A√mlp At±-lsØ Adn-bn-®n

cn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw AsXmcp AS-bm-f-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw ibvJv

bAvJq_v- Aen kmln_v A£-c-N-µn-t\mSp ]d-™p. DS-\Sn

A£-c-Nµv ]Xn-h-Nn-®p. CsXmcp AS-bm-f-amtWm? Rm≥ ]dbp-

∂p. Rm\pw tπKpsIm≠p acn-°p-I-bn-√. CXp tI -t∏mƒ ibvJv

km-ln-_ns‚ hnizm-km- n-am\w hnPrw- n-®p. Bth-i-tØm-Sp-IqSn

At±lw ]d-bp-I-bp-≠mbn: ""Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw

\nßƒ tπKp sIm≠pXs∂ ac-W-a-S-bpw (l-Jo-J-Øp¬ hlbv,

A\p-_‘w:154). AXn-\p-tijw A√m-lp-hns‚ i‡n amlm

flyw GXp hn[w ]I-S-am-sb∂v t\m°p-I.

JmZn-bm≥sI Bcy Hu¿ lw F∂ KŸw ]kn-≤-s∏Sp

Øn GXm\pw Znhkw Ign-™-t∏mƒ JmZn-bm-\n¬ tπKv s]m´n

∏p-d-s∏-´p. aq∂v Znh-k-Øn-\p-≈n¬ ta¬ ]d™ aq∂p-t]cpw

A√m-lp-hns‚ `b-¶-c-amb ]l-c-ta‰v IYm-h-in-„-cm-bn. Ah-

cpsS hn]Øv Ah-cpsS _‘p-P-\-ßfpsStaepw ]Xn-®p. Nne-

cpsS IpSpw_w ]s‰ \in-®p. lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) s\t∏mse

Xm\pw tπKn¬\n∂v kpc-£n-X-\m-Ip-sa∂v hoc-hmZw ]d™

A£-c-Nµv tπKn-∂n-c-bm-b-tXm-Sp-IqSn ip -Nn-¥Iv F∂ hmcn-

I-bpsS IYbpw Ign™p.

198 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

CXv teJvdmans‚Xn-t\-°mƒ Ipd™ Hcp ZrjvSm-¥-

ambncp∂n-√. teJvcm-an-s\(-\-Du-Zp-_n-√m-lv) lZvdØv AlvaZv

(A) sIm√n-®-Xm-sW∂ Bt£-]-Øn\v CsXmcp adp-]-Sn-bm-

hp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Btem-N\ C√m-Ø-h-tc, teJvdmans\

sIm∂Xv lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)s‚ IØn-bm-bn-cp-s∂∂v \nßƒ

k¶¬]n-®p. B kwi-b-tØm-Sp-IqSn \nßƒ \nß-fpsS IÆo¿

tXm¿Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp. F∂m¬, A£-c-N-µv, tkmwcm-Pv,

`KXvdmw F∂n-hsc BcpsS IØn-bmWv sIm∂Xv? c≠v kµ¿ -

ß-fnepw Htc Bbp-[-amWv ]h¿Øn-®Xv ssZh-tIm-]w. AXv

IØn-bpsS cq]w ssIs°m≠v Hcm-fpsS hb-‰n-te°v Cd-ßn-b-

Xm-sW-¶n¬, tπKv Iran-bpsS cq]w ssIs°m≠v a‰p-≈-hsc

hngp-ßp-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. Iq´-Øn¬, Cu kw`-hw, JmZn-bm-

\n¬ tπKv F¥n\v h∂p F∂ Bt£-]-Øn\pw adp-]Sn \evIp-

∂p-≠v. Fs¥-∂m¬, H∂m-a-Xm-bn, JmZn-bm-\n¬ tπKv Xosc

hcn-I-bn-s√∂v lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) ]h-Nn-®n-´n-√. At±-l-

Øn-\p-≠mb C¬lmw, ChnsS "XzmDu≥Pm-cn^v' AXm-bXv

KmasØ A∏Sn \in-∏n-°p-Ibpw P\-ßƒ ]cn-`m-¥-cmbn

Atßm´p antßm´pw HmSn-t∏m-Im≥ CS-bm-hp-Ibpw sNøp∂

`b-¶-c-amb tπKv hcn-I-bn-s√-∂m-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬, A√mlp

]d-™Xv C]-Im-c-am-bn-cp∂p:

ÖçŸ]ŸÒ†]ÝÖã×Ô]ÖÛÏ^Ý]Þùä!æFp]ÖÏ†mè JmZn-bm≥ \ΩpsS Hcp ZqXs‚ Bÿm-\a-√m-bn-cp-s∂-

¶n¬ AXp \nt»jw \in-∏n-°-s∏-tS≠ Hcp Kma-am-bn-cp-∂p.

]t£, \mi-Øn¬\n∂pw P\iq\yam-Ip-∂-Xn¬ \n∂pw

AXns\ c£n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

c≠m-a-Xm-bn, JmZn-bm-\n¬ tπKv Xosc hcm-Xn-cn-°p-I-bm-

sW-¶n¬ Cu ZrjvSm¥w Fß-s\-bmWv ]q¿Øn-bm-hpI? Htc

Kma-Øn¬ Npa-tcmSv Npa¿ sXm -\n-e-bn¬ Hcp mKØv lZvdØv

AlvaZpw(A) adp-`m-KØv A£c-N-µv, tkmwcm-Pv, `K-Xvdmw -F-

∂n-hcpw Xma-kn-°p-I, c≠p-Iq-´cpw Xßƒ tπKn¬\n∂v kpc-

£n-X-cm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v hmZn-°pI, B Ah-ÿ-bn¬ tπKp-h∂v

A£-c-N-µv, tkmwcm-Pv, `KXvdmw apX-em-b-h-cpsS IY Ign-°p-

Ibpw lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)s‚ `h-\-Øn¬ Hcp Fen-t]mepw

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 199

NØp hogm-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I. CXn-s\-°mƒ hnin-jvS-amb

AS-bmfw as‰-¥p-≠m-hm-\mWv?

Npcp-°-Øn¬, lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) c≠v ]Im-c-Øn-epw,

bp‡n-]-am-W-ß-fpsS am¿§-Ønepw Bflob _e-]-co-£-bnepw

Bcy-k-am-P-°m-cp-ambn kacw \S-Øp-Ibpw B ka-c-Øn¬ ]cn-

]q¿Æ-ambn hnPbw ]m]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.

kn°p-a-X-Øn-s\-Xn-cn¬

aq∂m-asØ aXw kn°p-Im-cp-sS-Xm-Wv. Cu aX-Øns‚ A\p-

bm-bn-Iƒ FÆ-Øn¬ hfsc Ipd™-h-cm-Wv. ]©m-_n\v

]pdØv Ah-cpsS kzm[o-\-i‡n tIhew \n m-c-hp-am-Wv. AtX

ka-bØv ]©m-_n¬ kn°p-P-\-Xbv°v hfsc ]m[m-\yhpw

kzm[o-\-i-‡nbpw Ds≠∂v kΩ-Xn-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ \nhr-Øn-

bn-√. Xß-fpsS aX-Øn-\p-th≠n Ah¿ Hcp hn[-Øn-e-s√-¶n¬

as‰mcp hn[-Øn¬ Poh≥ sImSp-°p-∂-h-cp-am-Wv. Cu aXm-\p-

bm-bn-I-fn¬ Hcp KpWw \ne-\n-∂p-h-∂n-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p˛ Ah¿

a‰p aX-ÿm-]-I-∑m-sc-∏-‰n, Bcy-k-am-P-°m-scbpw InkvXym-\n-

I-sfbpw t]mse NoØ hm°p-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂n-√*. ]t£

AXp-sIm≠v Ckveman-t\mSv Ah¿°v iXp-X-bn-s√∂v [cn®p

t]mI-cp-Xv. Ckveman-t\mSv Ah¿°v ITn-\-amb shdp∏pw hntZz-

j-hp-ap-≠v. F∂m¬, A`y-kvX-hn-Zy-cmb kn°p-Im-cpsS CS-bn¬

km[m-c-W-bmbn a‰p-≈-hsc At]-£n®v IqSp-X¬ am\y-Xbpw

acym-Zbpw ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Ah-cp-ambn lZvdØv AlvaZn\v

bmsXmcp Bflob _e-]-co-£bpw D≠m-bn-´n-√. a‰p aX-

ÿ¿°p t\sc ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn® s]mXp Blzm-\-ßƒ Ah¿°pw

_m[-I-am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬, Ah-cn¬\n∂v Bcpw At±-l-Øn-

s∂-Xn-cmbn apt∂m´p h∂n-√. At±lw ]t£, Ah-cpsS Imcy-

Ønepw i≤m-ep-hm-bn-cp-∂p. At±lw Xs‚ hmZ-ßƒ ]pd-s∏-

Sp-hn-°p-∂-Xn\v aptºXs∂ Hcn-°¬ kn°p-Kp-cp-hmb _m_m-

\m-\m-°ns\ kz]v\-Øn¬ Z¿in-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. Xm≥ apk¬am-

\m-bn-cp∂p F∂ hkvXpX _m_m-km-ln_v At±-l-tØmSv

B kz]v\-Øn¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn. AXn-\p-tijw

* Ct∏mƒ ]t£, CXn-s∂-Xn-cmb \ne-]mSv Ah-cn¬ Nne¿ ssIs°m≠vXpS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂Xv ZpxJ-ap-f-hm-°p∂ Imcy-am-Wv.

200 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

_m_m-km-ln_v apk¬am-\m-bn-cp∂p F∂ ]c-am¿∞w ÿm]n-

°p-∂-Xn-\mbn A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v Hcp am¿§wIqSn sXfn™p

In´m≥ At±lw ImØn-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ]n∂oSv At±lw

A°m-cy-Øn¬ ho≠pw i≤ sNep-Øp-Ibpw Kth-jWw Bcw-

`n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXns‚ e-am-bn, _m_m-km-ln_v lnµp

IpSpw-_-Øn¬ P\n® Hcm-fm-bn-cp∂p F¶nepw ]n∂oSv

CkvemwaXw hniz-kn®p hnem-bØv ]Zw t\Sp-Ibpw Z¿th-in-

am-cpsS Im¬]m-Sp-Iƒ ]n≥]‰n Hcp ]ÿm-\-Øns‚ ÿm]-I-

\m-hp-Ibpw sNbvX-Xm-sW∂v i‡n-a-l-Ømb Ncn-X-km-£y-

ß-fm¬ At±-l-Øn\v t_m[y-am-bn. _m_m-km-ln_v apk¬am-

\m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂ bmYm¿∞yw Xmsg ]d-bp∂ tcJ-I-fm¬

At±lw ÿm]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

1. _m_m kmln_v ⁄m\n-I-fmb apkvenw kq^n-I-fp-

ambn IqSn-°mgvN \S-Øp-Ibpw Ah-tcmsSm∏w Xma-kn-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXn-cp-∂p.

2. _m_m kmln_v CkvemanI kº-Zm-b-Øn¬ \a-kvI-

cn-°p-Ibpw t\mºp t\m¬°p-Ibpw ]Xn-hm-bn-cp-∂p.

3. _m_m kmln-_v, a°-bn-te°v Xo¿∞m-S-\-Øn\v t]mhp-

Ibpw CkvemanI kº-Zm-b-Øn¬ l÷p-I¿Ωw \n¿∆-ln-°p-

Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p.

4. _m_m kmln_v CkvemanI coXn-b-\p-k-cn®v GI-ssZ-

h-Ønepw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS ZuXy-Ønepw hnip≤ Jp¿-B-

\nepw hniz-kn-®n-cp-∂p.

5. _m_m kmln_v XpS¿®-bmbn Xs‚ CkvemanI hnizm-

k-sØ-∏‰n A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ°v DZvt_m-[\w \evIn-s°m-≠n-cp-

∂p.

6. _m_m-km-ln-_ns‚ G‰-hp-a-[nIw ]pWy-s∏´ Hcp

hkvXphmbn kn°p-P-\X Xe-apdXe-apdbmbn kwc-£n®p

t]mcp-∂Xv Kp¿Zm-kv]q¿ Pn√-bnse tUcm-_m-_m-\m-\m-°n-ep≈

_m_m-km-ln-_ns‚ Hcp "ta¬hkvX'-am-Wv. AXv At±-l-Øn\v

ssZhn-I-ambn kn≤n-®-Xm-sW-∂mWv kn°p-Im-cpsS atX-Xn-lm-

k-ß-fn¬ ImWp-∂-Xv. AXn-\m¬, kn°p-Im¿ AXns\ hfsc

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 201

BZ-c-]q¿∆w ho£n-°p-∂p. F∂m¬, ]kvXpX "ta¬hkvXw'

lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) Xs‚ Nne kvt\ln-X≥am-tcm-sSm-∂n®v

]cn-tim-[n-®-t∏mƒ AXn≥ta¬ F√m-bn-SØpw hnip≤Jp¿-B-

\nse Bb-Øp-Ifpw ]tXy-I-amb \ne-bn¬ emC-eml C√-

√mlv apl-Ω-Zp¿d-kq-ep-√mln F∂ ]cnip≤ Ienabpw Fgp-

Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn ImWp-I-bp-≠m-bn.

7. ntdm-kv]q-cnse Hcp Kpcp-Zzm-c-bn¬ _m_m kmln-_ns‚

Hcp ]pWy-hkvXp kq£n-°-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. AsX-¥m-sW∂p ]cn-

tim-[n-®-t∏mƒ hnip≤Jp¿-Bs‚ Hcp ]Xn-bm-sW∂v Adn-

bm≥ Ign-™p.

8. _m_-km-ln_v hm°p-sIm≠pw ]hr-Øn-sIm≠pw

XpS¿®-bmbn lnµp-a-X-sØbpw AXns‚ kn≤m-¥-ß-sfbpw

\ntj-[n-°p-Ibpw lnµp-]-am-W-amb thZ-ßsf Jfin-°p-Ibpw

AXn-s\-Xn-cmbn D]-tZiw \evIp-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p.

C°m-c-W-Ømepw At±lw Hcp lnµpaXm-\p-bmbn Bbncp∂n-

s√∂v hy‡-am-Ip-∂p.

9. kn°paX-Øn\v Hcp \nb-a-kw-ln-X-bn-√. AXp-sIm≠v

AsXmcp aX-am-bn-cp-∂n-s√∂v hy‡-am-Ip-∂p-≠v.

10. kn°p-Im-cpsS s]mXp-kw-kvIm-cm-Nm-c-ßƒ Ah-cpsS

bYm¿∞ _‘w Ckveman-t\m-Sm-sW∂v sXfn-bn-°p-∂p. lnµp-

a-X-Øns‚ kzm[o-\-Xbv°v hiw-h-Z-amb Nne Imcy-ß-fn-sem-

gnsI a‰v Imcy-ß-fn-se√mw Ah¿ ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-ambn

CkvemanI h¿Æ-Øm¬ \ndw ]nSn-∏n-°-s∏-´-Xm-bn-´mWv

ImWp∂Xv.

Cu tcJ-IƒsIm-≠mWv _m_m kmln_v apk¬am-\m-

bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) ÿm]n-®-Xv. Cu tc-J-I-

sf√mw kXy-am-sW-¶n¬ _m_m-km-ln_v apk¬am-\m-bn-cp-∂p-

sh∂ Imcy-Øn¬ kwi-b-Øn-\n-S-an-s√∂v F√m-h¿°pw a\-

n-em-°m≥ Ign-bpw. _m_m kmln_v Hcp apkvenw "henøv'

Bbn-cp-∂p-sh∂v ÿm]n-X-amhptºmƒ, ]ns∂ kn°p-a-Øns‚

ÿnXn F¥m-bn-Øo-cp-∂p-sh-∂Xv ]Xy-£-am-Wv. Cu H‰ kwK-

Xn-bm¬Xs∂ kn°p-a-X-Øns‚ tIm´ Pbn-®-S-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p.

202 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) ta¬]d™ sXfn-hp-I-sf√mw kn°p-Im-

cpsS hnip≤KŸ-ß-fmb KŸ-km-ln-_v, P\w-kmJn F∂n-

h-bn¬\n∂pw B aX-Øns‚ Ncn-X-Øn¬\n∂pw kw`-h-ß-

fn¬\n∂pw tiJ-cn-®-h-bm-Wv. Aß-s\, H∂pw H∂pw c≠v F∂

t]mse AXbpw hy‡-amb \ne-bn¬ _m_m kmln_v

apk¬am-\m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂-t±lw ÿm]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp*.

lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) A\y-a-X-ß-fpsSta¬ Gev]n-®n- p≈

BLm-X-ßƒ an°-hmdpw ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-am-sW-∂p-≈Xv A¤p-

X-I-c-am-sbmcp hkvXp-X-bm-Wv. DZm-l-c-W-ambn InkvXp-a-XsØ

kw_-‘n-®v, InkvXp Ipcn-in≥ta¬ acn-®n-´n√ F∂pw km[m-

cW a\p-jy-sc-t∏mse ]IrXn-k-l-P-amb \ne-bn¬ acWw

]m]n-°p-I-bmWv sNb-X-sX∂pw At±-l-Øns‚ I_v¿ Iivao-

cn¬ Ds≠∂pw Ncn-X-tc-J-Iƒ \ncØn At±lw ka¿∞n-®p.

Bcy-a-XsØ kw_-‘n-®v, AXns‚ auenI kn≤m-¥-ß-sf√mw

ssZh-Øns‚ al-Øz-Øn\v \nc-°m-Ø-Xm-sW∂pw ssZh-tØmSv

a\p-jy-\p≈ kzm`m-hnI _‘sØ Zp¿_-ehpw \n¿÷o-h-hp-

am-°n-Øo¿°p-∂-h-bm-sW∂pw Bcy-k-am-P-°m-cp-sS-Xs∂ a‰p

hnizm-k-ßƒ Ah-bvs°-Xn-cm-sW∂pw At±lw ÿm]n-®p.

kn°p-Imsc kw_-‘n-®v, AXns‚ ÿm]-I≥ apk¬am\m-bn-

cp-∂p-sh∂pw ]n∂oSv At±-l-Øns‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-fpsS ÿnXn

Hs´ms° Ime-N-I-Øns‚ Xncn-®¬ \nan-Øhpw Hs´ms°

apk¬am≥am-cpsS Ai≤ \nan-Øhpw amdn-t∏m-b-Xm-sW∂pw

At±lw sXfn-bn-®p.

Hcp aX-]-ÿm-\hpw AXns‚ XpS°w kXyØn≥taepw

k∑m¿§-Øn≥taepw A[n-jvTn-X-a-s√-¶n¬, e£-°-W-°n¬

Bfp-Iƒ Ah-bn¬ hniz-kn-®p-sIm≠v s]mXp kzoIm-cyX In´-

Ø-°-\n-e-bnepw ÿnc]XnjvT e`n-°-Ø° \ne-bnepw

temIØv ]tim- n-°p-I-bn-s√-∂p-≈-Xm-bn-cp∂p bYm¿∞-Øn¬

At±-l-Øns‚ kn≤m-¥w. Ipan-f-Iƒ t]mse s]m¥n-h∂v Aa-

cp-I-sb-∂Xpw ct≠m aqt∂m Xe-apd \ne-\n-∂-Xn-\p-tijw \mi-

* lZvdØv Alva-Zv(-A)s‚ "kXvh-N≥', "Nivasb aAv-cn- Øv' F∂o KŸ-ß-fpw, At±-l-Øns‚ injy\pw "\q¿' ]X-Øns‚ A[n-]-cp-amb ibvJvapl-ΩZv bqkp^v kmln-_ns‚ (C-t±lw aptº-sbmcp kn°p-Im-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p) "_m_m-\m-\m°v kmln-_ns‚ Poh-N-cn-Xw', "_m_m-km-ln-_ns‚ aXw'F∂o IrXn-Ifpw t\m°p-I.

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 203

a-S-bp-Itbm AYhm \in-®-Xn\v Xpey-am-hp-Itbm sNøp-I-sb-

∂Xpw kXy-a-X-Øns‚ e£-W-a-√. Cu Imc-W-Øm¬ AlvaZn-

I-fmb Rßƒ lnµp-°-fpsS ioIr-jvW≥, iocm-a-N-µ≥,

_u≤-cpsS KuX-a-_p-≤≥, ]m¿kn-I-fpsS k¿X-jvØv, No\-

cpsS I¨^yq-j-kv F∂n-h-sc√mw kXy-hm-Zn-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p F∂v

kΩ-Xn-°p∂p; Ah-sc-sb√mw AXy-[nIw _lp-a-Xn-tbm-Sp-IqSn

ho£n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ Kpcp _m_m-\m-

\m-\m°v A√m-lp-hns‚ Hcp "henøv' Bbn-cp∂p F∂mWv

Rß-fpsS hnizm-kw. Ch-sc-∏-‰n-bp≈ _lp-am\w lZvdØv

AlvaZm(A)Wv Rß-fpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ P\n-∏n-®-Xv. CXn-\p-

]p-d-sa, a‰p hmZ-ß-tfm-Sp-IqSn Xm≥ ioIr-jvW\v kZr-i-\m-

sW∂pw At±lw hmZn-®n-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øn\v Hcn-

°¬ C]-Imcw Hcp C¬lm-ap-≠mbn:

A√tbm Xn≥atb D≥aq-e\w sNøp-Ibpw \≥asb ÿm

]n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-t\, \ns‚ aln-abpw \ns‚ BK-a\w

kw_-‘n® hmKvZ-Xhpw KoX-bnepw Fgp-X-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p.

_“kam-P-Øn-s\-Xn-cn¬

lZvdØv AlvaZn\p t\cn-tS≠n h∂ \mem-asØ aXw

_“-k-am-P-°m-cp-sS-Xm-Wv. Cu Iq´¿ BNm-c-]-c-ambn lnµp-

°-fn¬ Dƒs∏-´-h-cm-Wv. F∂m¬, Ah-cpsS hnizm-k-ßƒ a‰p

lnµp-°-fp-sS-Xn¬\n∂v hyXy-kvX-am-Ip-∂p. Nne hnizm-k-ß-

fn¬ Ah¿°v apkvenwIfn¬ ]pXn-sbmcp hn`m-K-amb ]Ir-Xn-

hm-Zn-I-tfmSv kmZr-iy-ap-≠v. Fs¥-∂m¬, GXp-]-Imcw ]Ir-

Xn-hm-Zn-I-ƒ C¬lmw, ]m¿∞-\-bpsS kzoI-c-Ww, A¤p-Xm-S-

bm-f-ßƒ F∂n-hsb \ncm-I-cn-°p-∂pthm (\n-tj-[n-°p-∂-Xn\p

Xpey-amb hymJym-\-ß-fmWv Ah¿ Ahbv°v \evIp-∂-Xv).

AXp]-Imcw Ahcpw ]hm-N-IXz irwJ-e, C¬lmw, ]m¿∞-

\-bpsS kzoIm-cyX apX-em-b-hsb \ntj-[n-°p-∂p. Ah-cpsS

aX-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm\w Ah-cpsS _p≤n-bm-Wv. ssZh-ap-s≠∂v

kΩXn-°p-sa-¶nepw C¬lm-anepw ]hm-N-I-Xz-Ønepw Ah¿°v

hnizm-k-an-√. F∂m¬, Hcp KpW-ap-≠v˛ a‰p aXÿm]-I≥am-

204 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

scbpw ]pWym-flm-°-sfbpw Ah¿ A[n-t£-]n-°p-I-bn-√. t\sc

adn®v _lp-am\ ZrjvSn-tbm-Sp-IqSn ho£n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. Ah-

cp-sSXv Hcp ]Nm-c-W-a-X-a-√. AXm-b-Xv, Ah¿ Bcy-k-am-P-

°m-sc-t∏m-sebpw InkvXym-\n-I-sf-t∏m-sebpw hmZ-]-Xn-hm-Z-

ß-fnepw a‰pw A[nIw i≤n-°p-I-bn-√. hn⁄m-\-]-c-ambn Xß-

fpsS A`n-]m-b-ßƒ ]I-Sn-∏n-°pI F∂Xv amX-amWv Ah-

cpsS ]h¿Ø\ ]cn-]m-Sn. aX-kw-_-‘n-bmb D’m-lhpw

Bth-ihpw Ah-cn¬ ImWp-I-bn-√. Cu Imc-W-ß-fm¬

lZvdØv AlvaZn\v(A) Ah-cp-ambn Ia-]-Im-c-ap≈ Hcp B≤ym-

flnI _e-]-co£ \S-tØ≠n h∂n-ń-√. F∂n-cp-∂m-epw,

At±lw a‰p aX-ÿsc A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNbvXp-sIm≠v ]pd-

s∏-Sp-hn® Blzm-\-ßƒ Ah¿°pw _m[-I-am-bn-cp∂p. ]t£,

Ah-cn¬\n∂v bmsXm-cmfpw At±-l-Øn-s\-Xn-cn¬ apt∂m´p

hcn-I-bp-≠m-bn-√.

_p≤n-]-c-amtbm ]am-W-]-c-amtbm Ah-cp-ambn lZvdØv

AlvaZv(A) Hcp hnhm-Z-Øn-te¿s∏-ń-ń-√. F¶nepw At±lw

Ah-cpsS t\sc th≠X i≤ sNep-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. Xs‚ ]e

KŸ-ß-fnepw Ah-cpsS hnizm-ksØ Jfin-®n- p-ap-≠v. ]tXy-

In-®v, _dm-los\ AlvaZn-øm-bpsS aq∂pw \mepw `mK-ß-fn¬

A[nI `mKhpw _“-k-am-P-°m-cpsS hnizm-k-ßsf Jfin-

°m-\m-bn-´mWv At±lw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p-≈-Xv. CXn\p ]pdsa

Bbn-\sb Iam-emsØ Ckvemw, _d-°m-Øp-±p-B, _dm-los\

AlvaZnøm A©mw m-Kw, aIvØq-_mØv F∂o KŸ-ß-fnepw

Ah-cpsS hnizm-k-ßsf Jfin-®-Xmbn ImWmw. ssZh

hnizmkw hmZn-°p-Ibpw AtX kabw C¬lmw, \p_p-∆-Øv,

]m¿∞-\-bpsS kzoI-cWw F∂n-hsb \ntj-[n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-

I-sb-∂Xv ]c-kv]c hncp-≤-amb kwK-Xn-I-fm-sW∂v lZvdØv

AlvaZv(A) ]e ]mhiyw Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. tIh-e-amb _p≤n

ssZhsØ kw_-‘n®v a\p-jys\ GsX-¶n-ep-samcp ssZhw

D≠m-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂ ]Z-hn-bn¬\n∂v Hcn-°epw apt∂m´p

sIm≠p t]mhp-I-bn-√. _p≤n-bpsS ]hrØn Atß-b‰w Hcp

ssZhw D≠m-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂v ÿm]n-°pI F∂-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬,

D≠m-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂ Ahÿ Hcp hn[-Ønepw Xr]vXnI-

camhpI-bn-√. ssZhsØ kw_-‘n®v B hn[-Øn-ep≈ Hcp

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 205

hnizmkw hnizm-k-ta-b-s√-∂p-≈-XmWv ]c-am¿∞w. \ma-am-X-

amb B hnizm-k-Øn\v kXy t]an-bp-sStbm kXym-t\z-jn-bp-

sStbm kzm`m-hn-I-amb XrjvW ian-∏n-°m≥ km[n-°p-I-bpan-

√. F∂p amX-a-√, Nne-t∏mƒ ipjvI-a-\-kvI-cmb XØz-⁄m-

\-nI-sf-t∏mse Ah-scbpw AXv \nco-iz-c-Xz-Øn-te°p \bn-

°pw. bYm¿∞-amb hnizm-kw, ssZhw D≠m-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂

kwi-b-K-kvXhpw B]¬°-c-hp-amb ÿm\Øp\n∂v ssZhw

D≠v F∂ kpZr-Vhpw kpc-£n-X-hp-amb ÿm\w ]m]n-°p-I-

sb-∂-Xm-Wv. CXv tIh-e-amb _p≤n-bpsS ]hrØn ]cn-[n-

bn¬ s]´-X-√. Fs¥-∂m¬, ssZhm-kvXnIyw Cµn-b-tKm-N-c-a-

√mØhn[w kq£va-am-Wv. tIh-e-amb _p≤n°v AXp-hsc

FØn-t®-cpI km[y-a-√. ZqcØp\n∂psIm≠v AXn-s\-∏‰n

kqN\ \evIm≥ amXta _p≤n°v Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q. AXp-sIm≠v

a\p-jys\ ssZh-Øn-¶-te°v ASp-∏n-°p∂ Fs¥-¶n-ep-samcp

am¿§-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww. AXv Ah≥Xs∂ Ahs‚ C¬lmw

hgn-bmbpw ]hm-NI \ntbmKw hgn-bmbpw Ahs‚ ASn-bm-

cpsS ASp-°-te°v hcn-Ibpw Ahs‚ AkvXn-XzsØ tKmN-c-

am-°p-Ibpw sNøpI F∂-XmW.v ssZhw D≠m-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂

Ahÿ-bn¬ Xßn-\n-ev°msX ssZhw D≠v F∂ Ah-ÿ-

bn¬ hnizmkw FØn-t®-cp-∂-Xn\pw a\p-jy≥ ssZh-hp-ambn

_‘w ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn\pw CXv A\n-hm-cy-am-Wv. D≠m-bn-cn-

°-W-sa∂ A\p-am\w Hcp km¶¬]nI hnK-lsØ amX-amWv

Bhn-jvI-cn-°p-∂-Xv. CXp kw_-‘n® lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)s‚

tNmZyw ]k-‡-am-Wv.

ImWmsX I≠v GsX-¶n-ep-samcp kpµ-c-ap-J-Øn¬

Fßs\ a\ v ]Xn-bm-\mWv? km¶¬]n-I-amb Hcp hnK-l-

tØmSv Fßs\ t]a-ap-≠m-Im-\mWv?

IqSmsX At±lw Xs‚ C¬lm-ap-I-sfbpw ap≥Im-eØv

\_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) hgn-bmbpw C°m-eØv Xm≥ hgn-bmbpw

A√mlp ImWn® i‡n-]-I-S-\-ß-sfbpw Jfin-X-amb sXfn-

sh∂ \ne-bn¬ D∂-bn®psIm≠v, \ntj-[n-°p-∂-hsc ]co-£-

206 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

W-Øn\pth≠n sh√phnfn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Bcpw apt∂m´p

h∂n-√. Aßs\ At±lw Ckvemans‚ ]XmI Db-c-Øn¬

]d-∏n®p sIm≠n-cp-∂p.

tZh-k-am-P-Øn-s\-Xn-cn¬

A©ma-tØXv \nco-iz-c-Xzhpw tZh-k-am-P-aXhp-am-Wv. Cu

aXw ASp-Ø-Im-eØv ]e-cp-sSbpw lrZ-b-ßƒ Xn∂p If-™n-

´p-≠v. Ah-cn¬ Nne¿ ss[cy-k-taXw Ah-cpsS A`n--]mbw

Xpd∂p ]d-bp-Ibpw Hcp ]m¿ń cq]o-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

F∂m¬, A[n-I-t]cpw Ah-cpsS kwibw lrZ-b-Øn¬ ad®p

sh°p-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. i≤m-]q¿∆w t\m°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬

Ah-cpsSbpw hnizm-k-am-Ip∂ Zfi-nI apgp-h≥ B IoSw Xn∂p

If-™n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bpw. lnµp-°-fnepw

InkvXym-\n-I-fnepw apkvenwI-fnepw a‰p kap-Zm-b-ß-fnepw AØ-

c-°msc [mcmfw ImWm≥ km[n-°pw. Ah-cpsS hnizm-k-Øn\v

B IoS-_m[ Gev°pI amX-a-√, C°m-esØ hnj-°m‰pw

\ho\ hn⁄m-\-Øns‚ \mi-Im-cn-bmb kzm[o-\-Xbpw ùXn-

I-Xz-Øns‚ Ccpfpw Ah-cpsS aX-ß-fpsS IY Ign-°pI IqSn

sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. Ah¿ tIhew BNm-c-]-c-am-bn´pw ]mc-º-cy-

am-bn-´p-amWv aX-tØmSp _‘w ]pe¿Øn-t∏m-cp-∂-Xv. Ah¿

aX-Øns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ h√ A`n-am-\hpw ImWn-°p-∂p-s≠-¶n¬

AXpw hnizm-k-]-c-am-bn- -√, kmap-Zm-bn-I-am-bn- m-Wv. cl-ky-amb

Cu \nco-izc hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v ]pdsa Xpd∂ \ne-bn¬ ssZhm-

kvXn-IysØ \ntj-[n-°p∂ Hcp Iqćpw \ne-hn-ep-≠v. Ah¿

lnµp-°-fn-emWv ]Xy-£-am-bn-°m-W-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Ah¿ (h-Ss°

C¥y-bn¬) "tZh-k-amPv' F∂ t]cn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. B

Iq´-cp-ambn lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) Ia-]-Imcw G‰p-ap-ń-bn-ń√.

]t£, Hcp-]-Im-c-Øn¬ At±lw Xs‚ PohnXw apgp-h\pw

B Iq´-cp-am-bp≈ ka-c-Øn-emWv Ign-®p-Iq-ń-bn-´p-≈-Xv. At±-

l-Øns‚ F√m KŸßfnepw Ah-cpsS hnizm-k-Øns‚

Jfi\w AS-ßn-bn-´p-≠v. GsX√mw tcJ-IƒsIm≠pw sXfn-

hp-Iƒ sIm≠pw At±lw a‰p aX-°msc ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øntbm

B tcJ-Ifpw sXfn-hp-Ifpw Cu hnizm-k-Øn-s‚bpw thc-dp-

°p-∂-h-bm-Wv. ]tXy-In®v Bflob cwK-Ønse sXfn-hp-Iƒ

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 207

B aX-Øn-s\-Xn-cm-bp≈ aq¿®-tb-dnb Bbp-[-am-Wv. DZm-l-c-

W-ambn BY-ans‚ ac-Ww, am¿ń≥ ¢m¿°ns‚ ]cm-P-bw, Uqbn-

bpsS \miw, Cµ-as‚ ]mem-b-\w, teJvdmans‚ h[w, A£-

c-Nµv apX-em-b-h-cpsS \miw CXymZn kw`-h-ßƒ InkvXp-a-

Øn-s‚bpw Bcy-aX-Øn-s‚bpw thc-dp-Øp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ

\nco-iz-c-Xz-Øn-s‚bpw tZh-k-amPØn-s‚bpw Igp-Øn¬ amc-I-

amb shtév]n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ ImWp-hm-\mbn hnhn[ aXm-\p-bm-bn-Iƒ°v

At±lw Blzm\w \evIn-b-t∏mƒ tZh-k-am-P-°m-scbpw AXn-

\p-th≠n £Wn-®n- p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬, \nco-iz-c-hm-Zn-I-fpsS

lrZbw _e-lo-\-am-sW-∂-Xns\ icn-sh®psIm≠v Ah-cn¬

\n∂v BcpwXs∂ B Blzm\w kzoI-cn-°m≥ apt∂m´p h∂n-

√. GsXm-cmƒ ssZh-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂p-thm, AXv sX‰mb

hnizm-k-am-bn-cp-∂mepw icn, Abm-fpsS a\ v ZrV-am-bn-cn-°pw.

F∂m¬, \nco-iz-c-hm-Zn-bpsS lrZbw Ft∏mgpw hnd-®p-sIm-≠n-

cn-°p-I-tb-bp-≈q. Abmƒ°v Hcn°epw a\- -am-[m-\-ap-≠m-hp-

I-bn-√. FXn¿∏ns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ Abmƒ km[m-c-W-bmbn

òcpXzw ImWn-°pw. GsX-¶nepw \nco-iz-c-hm-Zntbm tZh-k-am-

P-°m-ct\m lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)-s\-Xn-cn¬ hcm-Xn-cn-°m≥ Imc-

W-a-Xm-Wv. At±lw B Iq´sc c≠p hn[-Øn¬ FXn¿°p-I-

bp-≠m-bn. H∂m-a-Xv, _p≤n icn-bmbn D]-tbm-Kn®p Nn¥n-°p∂

GsXm-cmƒ°pw Hcp hn[m-Xm-hns‚ AkvXn-Xz-sØ-∏‰n t_m[-

ap-≠m-Ip-∂-Xm-sW∂v At±lw ÿm]n-®p. G‰hpw kq£va-amb

X¥-ßtfmSpw \nkvXp-ey-amb Iao-I-c-W-tØmSpw IqSnb Cu

ÿqe-]-]©w ]cn-]q¿Æ-\mb Hcp kjvSmhv D≠m-bn-cn-°-

W-sa-∂-Xn\v sXfn-hm-Wv. Cu \nkvXp-ey-amb sXmgn¬ime

Hcp hn[m-Xm-hn-√msX D≠m-Ip-sat∂m \ne-\n∂phcp-sat∂m

hnNm-cn-°p-∂Xv _p≤n°p tbmPn-®-X-√. AXn-\m¬, Cu ]]-

©-Øn\p GsX-¶n-ep-samcp \n¿Ωm-Xmhpw DS-a-ÿ-\p-ap-≠m-bn-

cn-°-W-sa∂v kΩ-Xn-°m≥ \mw \n¿_-‘n-X-cm-bn-Øo-cp-∂p.

Hcp kXym-t\zjn ssZhw D≠m-bn-cn-°-W -sa∂ ÿm\-tØm-

f-sa-Øn-t®-cp-tºmƒ Ah\p C¬lmapw i‡n-]-I-S-\-ß-fp-am-

Ip∂ AS-bm-f-ß-fn¬\n∂p e-sa-Sp-°m-\p≈ hmXn¬ Xpd°-

s∏-Sp-Ibpw Ah≥ ssZhw D≠v F∂ ÿm\-tØ°p B\-

208 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

bn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. as‰mcp hn[-Øn¬ ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-

¶n¬ ssZhw D≠m-bn-cn-°-W -sa∂ ÿm\Øp FØn-t®-cp-

I-sb-∂Xv a\p-jy-s‚bpw AhnsS\n∂p ssZhw D≠v F∂

ÿm\-tØ°p FØn-°p-I-sb-∂Xp ssZh-Øn-s‚bpw ]Wn-bm-

Wv. ssZhw Ahs‚ ]tXy-I-amb i‡n-]-I-S-\ßƒsIm≠pw

C¬lmw sIm≠pw AXv \nd-th-‰p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. lZvdØv

AlvaZv(A) ]d-bp-I-bmWv:

ssZhw i‡n]IS\wsIm≠v Ahs‚ AkvXnXzw sXfn-

bn-°p-∂p. B Acq]n Ahs‚ apJw ImWn-°p-∂Xv Aß-s\-

bm-Wv. GsXmcp Imcy-sØ-∏‰n Xm\Xv sNøp-sa∂p ]d-bp-

∂pthm B Imcyw Hgn™p t]mhp-I-bn-√. AXmWv Ahs‚

ssZh-Xz-Øns‚ e£-Ww.

AXn-kq-Ivj-a\pw \nKq-V-\p-amb ssZhsØ kw_-‘n®v

Ah≥ _mly-amb Cµn-b-ßƒ°v tKmN-c-am-Ip-sa∂v Icp-Xp-

∂Xv _men-i-am-Wv. hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp∂p:

A√mlp eØo v (kq-£va-⁄≥) BbXpsIm≠v _mly-

amb Cµn-b-ßƒ°v Ah-\n-te°v FØn-t®-cm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-

√. F∂m¬, Ah≥ "J_o¿' (Im-cy-ßƒ Adn-bp-∂-h≥) Bb-

Xp-sIm≠v Ahs\ ]m]n-°msX ASn-bm\v B≤ym-fln-I-ambn

Pohn-°pI km[y-a-s√∂v Ah-\-dn-bmw (hn.-Jp. 6:104). ASn-bms‚

hnizmkw ]cn-]q¿Æam-Ip-∂tXm t]mI-s´, AXn-te°v FØn-

t®-cp-hm≥Xs∂ ASn-bm\p Ign-bp-I-bn-s√∂pw Ah-\-dn-bmw.

AXn-\m¬, Ah≥ X∂-Øm≥ a\p-jy-\n-te°v Cdßn a\p-jy\v

a\- n-em-°n-s°m-Sp-°p-∂p. AXm-b-Xv, ]hm-N-I- \n-tbmKw,

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 209

C¬lmw, i‡n-]-I-S\w F∂o am¿§-ß-fn¬°qSn Ahs‚

apJw a\p-jy\v ImWn®p sImSp-°p∂p; a\p-jys‚ hnizmkw

ssZhw D≠m-bn -cn -°-Wsa∂ kwib ÿm\Øp\n∂v

D≠v F∂ ZrV-ÿm-\Øv FØn-t®-cm≥ th≠n

lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) temIsØ A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNbvXp-

sIm≠v C]-Imcw ]d™p:

hcp-hn≥, ssZh-ap-s≠∂pw Ah≥ k¿∆-⁄-\m-sW∂pw

Rm≥ \nßƒ°v ImWn®p Xcmw. Hcp a\p-jy-\m-bn-cn-°p-

∂XpsIm≠v Rm≥ F√mw Adn-bp-∂-h-\-√. F¶nepw C∂-

Imcyw C∂-hn[w kw`-hn-°p-sa∂v A√mlp Ft∂mSv ]d-bp-

∂p. AXn-\p-tijw AkwJyw Xnc-»o-ebv°v ]n∂n-em-bn-cp-∂n´pw

B Imcy-ßƒ A√mlp ]d-™-Xp-t]m-se-Øs∂ kw`-hn-°p-

∂p. hcp-hn≥, AsXm∂v ]co-£n®p t\m°p-hn≥. A√mlp

Ds≠∂pw Ah≥ k¿∆-i-‡-\m-sW∂pw Rm≥ \nßƒ°v

ImWn®p Xcmw. Rm≥ a\p-jy-\m-I-bm¬ i‡n-bn-√m-Ø-h-\m-

Wv. F¶nepw A√mlp Ft∂mSv ]d-bp-∂p. Ah≥ C∂ Imcyw

C∂ hn[w sNøp-sa-∂v, AXn-\p-tijw B Imcyw a\p-jy-i-

‡n-°-Xo-X-am-bn-cp-∂n´pw A√mlp ]d-™Xp t]mse-Øs∂

\nd-th-dp-∂p. hcp-hn≥, AsXm∂v ]co-£n®p t\m°p-hn≥.

A√mlp Ds≠∂pw Ah≥ ]m¿∞-\-Iƒ tIƒ°p-∂-h-\m-

sW∂pw Rm≥ \nßƒ°v ImWn®p Xcmw. ]Xy-£-Øn¬

Akw-`m-hy-am-sW∂v tXm∂p∂ Imcy-ß-sf-°p-dn-®mWv Rm≥

A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv ]m¿∞n-°p-∂-Xv. F∂n-cp-∂n´pw Ah≥ Fs‚

]m¿∞-\-b-\p-k-cn®v Ah ]q¿Øn-bm-°p-∂p. hcp-hn≥,

AsXm∂v ]co-£n®p t\m°p-hn≥. A√mlp Ds≠∂pw Zp¿`m-

j-W-Øn¬ AXn¿ Ihn-™-h-cmb CkvemwaX-i-Xp-°-fpsS

ta¬, sXfn-hp-Iƒ ]q¿Øn-bm-°n-b-Xn-\p-tijw Ah≥ im]-an-

d-°p-∂p-sh∂pw Rm≥ \nßƒ°p ImWn®p Xcmw. A√mlp

Ds≠∂pw Ah≥ k„m-hm-sW∂pw Rm≥ \nßƒ°v ImWn®p

Xcmw. Rm≥ Hcp a\p-jy-\m-b-Xn-\m¬, kr„n-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂-

h-\-√. F¶nepw A√m-lp, Rm≥ apJm-¥cw Ahs‚ kr„n-

I¿ØrXzw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. DZm-l-c-W-am-bn, bmsXmcp

[mXphpw IqSmsX Fs‚ hkvX-Øn≥ta¬ Ahs‚ ajn-Øp-

≈n-Iƒ IpS-™p-ho-gvØn, A√mlp Ds≠∂pw Ah≥ ]›m-

210 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

Øm]w kzoI-cn-°p-∂-h-\m-sW∂pw ASn-bm≥ Ah-\n-te°v aS-

ßp-tºmƒ Ah≥ Icp-Wm-]q¿∆w ASn-bm-\n-te°v aS-ßp-Ibpw

ÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ amdp-∂-X-\p-k-cn®v Ahs‚ in£m-hn[n am‰p-

Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-\m-sW∂pw Rm≥ \nßƒ°v ImWn®p Xcmw.

Fs¥-∂m¬ Ah≥ tZmln-b-√, Icp-Wm-a-b-\m-Wv. A√mlp

Ds≠∂pw Ah≥ Ahs‚ ]tXyI Zmk-cp-ambn kvt\l-k-

√m]w sNøp-∂-h-\m-sW∂pw Ft∂mSv Ah≥ Aßs\ sNøp-

∂p-sh∂pw Rm≥ \nßƒ°v ImWn®p Xcmw. A√mlp

Ds≠∂pw Ah≥ k¿∆-temI ]cn-]m-e-I-\m-sW∂pw Ahs‚

]cn-]m-e-\-Øn¬ \n∂v bmsXmcp hkvXphpw Hgn-™p-t]m-bn-

´n-s√∂pw Rm≥ \nßƒ°v ImWn®p Xcmw. C∂ hkvXp-hns‚

]cn-]m-e\w ssIsbm-gn-°p-∂p-sh∂v Ah≥ ]d-bp-tºmƒ B

hkvXp F¥m-bn-cp-∂mepw ]ns∂ \ne-\nev°p-I-bn-√. A√mlp

Ds≠∂pw Ah≥ A[n-Im-cnbm-sW∂pw Rm≥ \nßƒ°v

ImWn®p Xcmw. krjvSn-Ifn¬ H∂n\p t]mepw Ahs‚ \nbaw

ewLn-°pI km[y-a-√. Ah≥ hnNm-cn-°p∂ GsXmcp hkvXp-

hns‚taepw Ah\v \nb-¥Ww sNep-Øm≥ Ign-bpw. hcp-hn≥,

BIm-i-Øn¬ Ahs‚ \nb-¥Ww Rm≥ \nßƒ°v ImWn®p

Xcmw. hcp-hn≥ qan-bn¬ Ahs‚ \nb-¥Ww Rm≥ \nßƒ°v

ImWn®p Xcmw. hcp-hn≥ Pe-Øn¬ Ahs‚ \nb-¥Ww Rm≥

\nßƒ°v ImWn®p Xcmw. hcp-hn≥ ]¿∆-X-ß-fn¬ Ahs‚

\nb-¥Ww Rm≥ \nßƒ°v ImWn®p Xcmw. hcp-hn≥ P\-X-

I-fn¬ Ahs‚ \nb-¥Ww Rm≥ \nßƒ°v ImWn®pXcmw.

hcp-hn≥ lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ Ahs‚ \nb-¥Ww Rm≥ \nßƒ°v

ImWn®p Xcmw.

hen-sbmcp hmZ-am-Wn-Xv. Btem-Nn®p t\m°p-I. CXv ÿm]n-

X-am-hp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ ]ns∂ \nco-iz-c-Xz-Øn\p \ne-\nev°m≥

Ign -bptam? F∂n´pw F¥p-sIm≠v P\-ßƒ lZvdØv

AlvaZns\(A) hniz-kn-®n√ F∂v tNmZn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬

AXv A⁄-X-bn¬\n∂v apf-sb-SpØ Hcp tNmZy-am-sWt∂

]d-bm≥ Xc-ap-≈q. F√m P\-ßfpw hniz-kn® GsXmcp ]hm-

N-I-\mWv temIØv Ah-Xo¿Æ-\m-bn-´p-≈Xv? lZvdØv apl-

ΩZv \_n(-k.-A) Xncp-ta-\n-sb-°mƒ tijvT≥ Bcm-Wp-≈Xv?

lZvdØv AlvaZm-(A)sW-¶n¬ B alm-flm-hns‚ Zmk-\m-hp-

∂-Xn¬ A`n-am\wsIm≠ Bfm-bn-cp-∂p. Cukbpw aqkbpw

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 211

Pohn-®n-cn-∏p-≠m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Ah¿°vXs∂ ]n≥]-t‰≠n hcp-

am-bn-cp∂p F∂v \_n Xncp-ta-\n ]d-™n-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

AXbv°v tijvT-\mWv B ]pWy-]-hm-N-I≥. A√mlp Xs‚

AXy-¤p-X-I-c-amb i‡n-]- mhw At±-l-Øn\v ImWn®p sImSp-

°pIbpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. F∂n´pw A‘lrZ-b¿ At±-lsØ

kzoI-cn-®n-√. F∂p amX-a-√, ]Xn-aq-∂c \q‰m-≠p-Iƒ Ign-

™n´pw At±-lsØ \ntj[n-°p-∂-h-cpsS kwJy, At±-lsØ

hniz-kn-®-h-tc-°mƒ FXtbm A[n-I-am-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v Ahn-

th-I-amb Bt£]w D∂-bn-°-cp-Xv. hnip≤Jp¿-B≥ Xpd∂p

t\m°pI A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:

a\p-jy¿°v Atlm IjvSw! Ah-cp-sS-]-cn-lm-k-Øn\v

]mXam-bn-´-√msX Hcp ssZh-Zq-X\pw Ah-cpsS ASp-°¬ hcp-

∂n-√ (hn.-Jp. 36:31).

AXn-\m¬, ]hm-N-I≥amsc kw_-‘n® B ]gb ]Xn-h-

\p-k-cn®v lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)s‚ FXn-cm-fn-Ifpw At±-l-Øn-

s\-Xn-cn¬ iXpXzw kzoI-cn-®p-sh-∂-Xn¬ Rßƒ°v kt¥m-

j-am-Wp-≈-Xv. Btem-Nn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ B iXp-Xzhpw

lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)s‚ kXy-Øn\v Hcp sXfn-hm-sW∂v

ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

a‰p ]e aX-ßƒ°p-sa-Xn-cn¬

apI-fn¬ ]d™ A©p-a-X-ßfp-ambn GXphn[-Øn¬

lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) kacw \S-Øn, GXp-hn-[-Øn¬ Ahsb

]cm-P-b-s∏-SpØn Ah-bpsSta¬ Ckvemans‚ hnPbw F]-

Imcw ÿm]n®p F∂o Imcy-ßƒ Npcp-°-Øn¬ hnh-cn®p Ign-

™p. AXn-s\-∏‰n khn-kvX-c-ambn Adn-b-W-sa∂v BK-ln-

°p-∂-h¿°p-th≠n KŸ-ß-fpsS t]cp-Iƒ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-®n-´p-

ap-≠v. ]kvXpX aX-ßƒ°v ]pdsa temIØv _p≤-a-X-sa-∂-dn-

b-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp aX-ap-≠v. AXv arX-]m-b-amb Ah-ÿ-bn-emWv

C∂p-≈-Xv. B aX-Øns‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-fpsS kwJy at‰Xv aXm-

212 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

\p-bm-bn-I-fp-sS-Xn-s\-°mfpw A[n-I-am-sW-¶nepw Pohn-X-Øns‚

ssNX\yw Ah-cn¬ ImWp-∂n-√. Ah-cpsS aX-]-N-mcWw

]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn A‰pt]mbn-cn-°p-∂p. F∂n-cp-∂mepw, AXn-

s\bpw At±lw AK-Wy-am-°n-bn-√. as‰m∂v blq-Z-a-X-am-Wv.

AXn-s‚bpw \n¿÷o-hm-hÿ ]Xy-£-am-Wv. F∂m¬, lZvdØv

AlvaZv(A) At±-l-Øns‚ IrXn-I-fn¬ ]te-SØpw a‰p Imcy-

ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ B aX-sØbpw kv]¿in-®n-´p-≠v. thsd-sbm∂v

]m¿kn-I-fpsS aX-am-Wv. AXn-t∏mƒ Hcp kmap-Zm-bnI ]mc-º-

cy-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ GXm\pw hy‡n-Isf amXw Np‰n-∏‰n \nev°p-

I-bm-Wv. AXn-s\-∏-‰nbpw ]c-am¿in-°-s∏- n- p-≠v. as‰m∂v hnK-

lm-cm-[-\-bm-Wv. AXn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ N¿® At±lw Xs‚ F√m

KŸ-ß-fnepw \S-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. Xntbm-k-^n-tbbpw At±lw

AK-Wy-tIm-Sn-bn¬ X≈n-bn-√. _lmbn aXw Hcp ]ÿm-\-am-

b-Xp-sIm≠v AXn¬ Pohn-X-Øns‚ Nne e£-W-ß-fp-≠v.

AXpw bYm¿∞-Øn¬ £bn®p sIm≠n-cn -°p-I-bm-Wv.

kq£va]-cn-tim-[-\-bn¬ AsXmcp ]pXnb aX-a-s√∂v a\- n-

em-°m≥ Ign-bpw. Hcp Xcw [m¿Ωn-I-XØz-ßƒ ]N-cn-∏n-°p∂

Hcp kwL-S-\-bm-W-Xv. Bcw-`-Øn¬ Ckvemap-ambn _‘w

]pe¿Øn-bn-cp∂ AXns‚ ÿm]-I≥ hnhn[ aX-ß-fn¬ \n∂v

tIƒ°m≥ kpJ-ap-≈Xpw ImgvNbv°v \√-sX∂p tXm∂p-∂-Xp-

amb D]-tZ-i-ßƒ Xnc-s™-SpØv Hcp ]ÿm\w Bcw-`n-°p-I-

bmWv sNbvX-Xv. Cu Imc-W-Øm¬ \n¿_-‘-]q¿∆w A\p-k-

c-Wtam a‰p aX-ß-tfmSv G‰p-ap-´tem AXn-en-√. AXv F√m

aX-ß-sfbpw \√-sX∂v ]d-bp-Ibpw s]mXp-hn¬ Nne [m¿Ωn-

tIm-]-tZ-i-ßƒ \evIp-Ibpw amX-amWv sNøp-∂-Xv. btYjvSw

Pohn-°m-\m-K-ln-°p∂ Nne¿ AXn-te°v BI¿jn-°-s∏-´n-´p-

≠v. AXp-sIm≠pXs∂ B aXw A\n-b-¥nX Nn¥m-K-Xn-bpsS

Hcp ]nd-hn-bm-sW∂v hy‡-am-Ip-∂p-≠v. B aX-sØ-∏-‰nbpw

dnhyp Hm v dnen-Py≥kn¬ N¿® \S-Øp-Ibpw AlvaZnøm Pam-

A-Øns‚ hI-bmbn Nne KŸ-ßƒ ]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw

sNbvXn-´p-≠v.

kXym-t\z-j-W-X-Øz-ßƒ

lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) a‰p aX-ßsf Fßs\ t\cn´p F∂-

Xns\ kw_-‘n®v khn-kvX-c-amb N¿® \man-t∏mƒ \S-Øn-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 213

°-gn-™p. Cu hnjbw Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v aptº At±lw

Ckveman\v sNbvX tkh-\-sØ-°p-dn®v Hcp kw£n]vX hnh-

cWwIqSn \evIp-∂Xv DNn-X-am-bn-cn-°pw.

H∂m-a-Xm-bn, lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) aX-hn-hm-Z-Øn-\mbn

A\¿L-amb Hcp XØzw ÿm]n-®p. CXv aX-ßƒ XΩn-ep≈

X¿°-ßsf Atß-b‰w eLq-I-cn-°m≥ klm-bn-°p-∂Xv

IqSmsX Hcp kXym-t\z-jn°v kXyhpw Ak-Xyhpw XΩn¬

Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ H∂mwXcw kuI-cy-ap-≠m-°n-s°m-Sp-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. BY-ap-ambn \S∂ hnhmZw N¿® sNbvX-t∏mƒ Cu

XØz-sØ-∏‰n kqNn-∏n-®n-´p-≠v. GsXm-cmƒ kz¥w aX-sØ-

°p-dn®v Hcp hmZ-hp-ambn apt∂m´p hcp-∂pthm B hmZw kz¥w

aX-K-Ÿ-Øn¬\n∂p-≈XpXs∂-bm-sW∂v Abmƒ ÿm]n-°-

Ww, AXn¬\n∂pXs∂ AXn\v sXfnhpw \evI-Ww. CXmWv

B XØzw. DZm-l-c-W-am-bn, ssZhw aq∂m-sW∂v Hcp

InkvXym\n hmZn-°p∂p F∂v hnNm-cn-°p-I. F∂m¬, Cu hmZw

kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ \n∂p-≈-Xm-sW∂v ÿm]n-®m-e-√msX AXv

]cn-K-W-\m¿l-am-hp-I-bn-√. ssZhw ap∂m-sW-∂p≈ hmZw

bYm¿∞-Øn¬ kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ D≈-Xm-sW∂v Abmƒ

ÿm]n-°-Ww. AXn-\p-tijw B hmZ-Øn-\p≈ sXfn-hp-Ifpw

kphn-ti-j-Øn¬\n∂pXs∂ Abmƒ ka¿∞n-°-Ww. B hmZw

kphn-ti-j-Øn¬\n∂p Xs∂bp≈-Xm-sW∂p Abmƒ ÿm]n-

°m-Xn-cn-°-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXns‚ A¿∞w AXv kphn-ti-j-

Øn-s‚-X-s√-∂m-bn-cn-°pw. B ÿnXn-bn¬ InkvXp-a-Øn-s‚-

Xm-sW∂ \ne-bn¬ AXp D∂-bn-°m≥ km[n-°p-I-bn-√. t\sc

adn®v, InkvXp-a-Øns‚ta¬sh®psI´n-b, At¥m-Wn-bp-sStbm

Hutk-∏n-s‚tbm hnizm-k-am-bnt´ AXv IW-°m-°-s∏-Sp-I-bp-

≈q. F∂m¬, thZ-]p-kvX-I-Øn¬ XnXz-hm-Z-ap-≈-Xmbn ImWp-

I-bn-√. Cu H∂masØ L´Øn¬Xs∂ hmZ-]-Xn-hmZw Ah-

km-\n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. ImcWw X¿°w At¥m-Wn-bp-sStbm

Hutk-∏n-s‚tbm hnizm-k-sØ-°p-dn-®-√, InkvXp-a-X-sØ-°p-

dn-®m-Wv. GsX-¶n-ep-samcp aX-KŸw aX-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm\

kn≤m-¥-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ hmZ-ßƒt]mepw Dƒs°m-≈m-Xn-cn-

°p-Ibpw B hmZ-Øn\pth≠n At¥m-Wn-sbtbm Hutk-∏n-

t\tbm Bi-bn-t°≠n hcn-Ibpw sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXp

214 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

]cn-K-Wm-\¿l-a-s√-∂p-≈Xp hy‡-am-Wv. AYhm B KŸw

B hmZw ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-®n- p-≠m-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw F∂n- -Xn\v sXfnhv

\evIm-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sXfn-hn-\p-th≠n At¥m-Wn-sbtbm

Hutk-∏n-s\tbm Bi-bn-t°≠n hcn-Ibpw sNøp-I-bm-sW-

¶nepw B KŸhpw AXv Dƒs°m-≈p∂ aXhpw sX‰m-sW-∂-

Xn\v AXv Jfin-X-amsbmcp sXfn-hm-bn-cn-°pw. Fs¥-∂m¬,

hmZ-ßƒ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°m≥ amXw Ign-bp-Ibpw sXfn-hp-Isf

kw_-‘n®v au\w Zo£n-°p-Ibpw sXfn-hp-Iƒ°pth≠n a‰p-

≈-hsc Bi-bn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Hcp aXw ssZh-Øn¬\n∂p-

≈-Xm-bn-cn-°m≥ Ah-Im-i-an-√. Npcp-°-Øn¬ Cu c≠p \ne-

bn¬ GXm-bn-cp-∂mepw AXv B aX-Øns‚ Ak-Xy-Øn\v

sXfnhmbn-cn-°pw. Nne klm-b-sØ-fn-hp-Iƒ _mly-ambpw

D≠m-Im-sa∂p Rßƒ kΩ-Xn-°p-∂p. Aßs\ D≠m-hp-∂-Xp-

sIm≠v tZmjsam-∂p-an-√-Xm-\pw. F∂m¬, GsX-¶nepw KŸw

sXfn-hp-Isf kw_-‘n®v \nt»jw \ni-_vZ-am-Ip-∂Xv ISpØ

_e-lo-\-X-bm-Wv. B Ah-ÿ-bn¬ AØcw aX-ßƒ it≤-

b-ambn Icp-X-s∏-Sm≥ ]mSn-√.

t\m°p-I, FX i‡hpw bp‡-hp-am-sbmcp XØz-am-

Wn-Xv. F∂m¬, CXv kΩ-Xn-°p-tºmƒ Ckvemsamgn-sI-bp≈

aXßsf√mw tIhew Zp¿∫-eßfpw \n -lm-b-ß-fp-am-bn-Øo-

cp-∂p. DZm-l-c-W-am-bn, ssZhw aq∂m-sW∂pw ]m]-]-cn-lmc

kn≤m¥w kXy-am-sW∂pw InkvXym-\n-Iƒ hniz-kn-°p-∂p.

]t£, AXn-s\-∏‰n ]cn-tim-[\ \S-Øp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ thZ-

]p-kvX-I-Øn¬\n∂v AXn\v sXfn-hp-Iƒ In´p-∂tXm t]mI-

s´, B hmZ-ßƒXs∂ AXn¬ ImWp-I-bn-√. InkvXym-\n-Iƒ

F¥p-th-W-sa-¶nepw ]d-™p-sIm-≈-s´, ChnsS \ap-°m-hiyw

Ah¿ ]am-W-ambn kzoI-cn-®n-´p≈ thZ-]p-kvX-I-Øns‚ tcJ-

bm-Wv. thZ]pkvX-I-am-I-s´, ]kvXpX kn≤m-¥-ßsf kw_-

‘n®v hnK-l-sØ-t∏mse au\w Zo£n-°p-I-bm-Wv. AXn¬

\n∂vh√Xpw sXfn-bp-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ AXv ssZhw GI-\m-sW∂pw

Ah\p CWbpw XpW-bp-an-s√∂pw InkvXp Ah-\m¬ Ab-

°-s∏´ Hcp ASn-bm-\m-sW∂pw amX-am-Wv. AXn-\m¬, F√m

hmZhpw CtXm-Sp-IqSn Ah-km-\n®pt]mIp-∂p.

F√m Imcy-ß-fp-sSbpw AkvXn-hm-c-am-bn-cn-t°≠ aX-kn-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 215

≤m-¥-ßƒ Zp¿∫-e-ß-fmb A\p-am-\-ß-fn¬\n∂v ÿm]n-s®-

Sp-°m≥ ian-°p-∂Xv Atß-b‰w A]-lm-ky-am-Wv. ASn-ÿm\

kn≤m-¥-ßsf kw_-‘n®v kwi-b-Øn-\n-S-bn-√mØ hn[w

hy‡-amb hmZw ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-t°-≠Xv aX-ßsf kw_-‘n-®n-

S-tØmfw A\p-t]-£-Wo-b-amb IS-a-bm-Wv. ASn-ÿm\ kn≤m-

¥-ß-fpsS Imcy-Øn¬ A\p-am-\-ßsf B[m-c-am-°p-I-bm-sW-

¶n¬ aX-hn-izm-k-ßƒ tIhew ASn-ÿm\ cln-X-am-bn-Øo-

cpw. hnip≤Jp¿-B≥, CkvemanI kn≤m-¥-ßsf kw_-‘n®v

hymJym-\-am-h-iy-an-√mØ \ne-bn¬ hfsc hy‡hpw kv]jvS-

hp-am-bn-´mWv AXns‚ hmZ-ßƒ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-®n-´p-≈-Xv. F∂p

Xs∂-b-√, Ahsb ho≠pw ho≠pw Bh¿Øn®p sIm≠v kqcy-

s\-t∏mse ]Im-tim-÷z-e-am-°n-Øo¿°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-

∂p. F∂m¬, InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS thZ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ Cu

kwKXn ImWpItbbn-√.

c≠m-asØ ÿm\w sXfn-hn-s‚-Xm-Wv. Cu Imcy-Ønepw

thZ-]pkvXIw \nt»jw au\w Zo£n-°p-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv.

hmZ-ß-fpsS Imcy-Øn¬ Zqsc-\n∂v ]nSn-®p-sIm-≠p-h∂nt´m

Zp¿∫-e-amb A\p-am-\-ßsf B[m-c-am-°ntbm DuSpw ]mhpw

Iq´n-t®¿°m≥ InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°v Ign-s™∂p hcmw. F∂m¬,

sXfn-hp-Iƒ Fß-s\, FhnsS\n∂v sIm≠phcm-\mWv?

KXn-ap-´n, Ipsd At¥m-Wn-tbmSv Cc-∂n´pw Iptd Hutk-

∏n-t\mSv ISw hmßn-bn´pw kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ Xmfp-Iƒ \nd-

t°≠n hcp-∂p. kz¥w hmZw ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°m-ØXpw AXn\v

sXfn-hp-Iƒ \evIm-Ø-Xp-amb Hcp aX-sØ-∏‰n hnNn-X-sa-∂-

√msX as‰¥p ]d-bs´! AXv sagpIp sIm≠p-≠m-°nb Hcp

aq°m-Wv. ]qPm-cn-am¿ AXns\ Ftßm´p Xncn-°m≥ hnNm-cn-

°p-∂pthm Atßm´p Xncn-°p-∂p. kphn-tijw Xßƒ°v F¥v

D]-Im-c-amWv sNbvXn- p-≈-sX∂v InkvXym-\n-Iƒ kzbw Nn¥n-

°-s´. ISw hmßn-bn-s -¶nepw kphn-ti-jsØ A]-I¿j-Øn¬

\n∂v c£n-°m≥ ian-°pI hgn InkvXym-\n-Iƒ AXn\p

Atßm´v D]-Imcw sNøp-I-bmWv sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

Bcy-k-am-P-°m-cp-sSbpw ÿnXn CXp-X-s∂-bm-Wv. Ah-cpsS

G‰hpw henb kn≤m-¥-amWv Bflmhpw [mXphpw A\m-Zn-

216 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

bm-sW-∂p-≈-Xv. F∂m¬, Cu hmZw thZ-Øn¬\n∂v ImWn®p

Xcm≥ Bh-iy-s∏- m¬ DØ-c-ap-≠m-hn-√. \mev thZ-ß-fp-sSbpw

GSp-Iƒ adn-®-Xn-\p-ti-jw, Ah-cpsS A`n-]m-b-]-Imcw Xs∂

Be-¶m-cn-I-ambn Bflm-hn-s‚bpw [mXp-hn-s‚bpw A\m-Zn-Xz-

sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈ hmZw AS-ßn-bn-´p-s≠∂v ]d-bp∂ Htc Hcp

a¥w FSpØp ImWn-°p-∂p. CXv Fs¥mcp aX-am-sW∂v

Btem-Nn®p t\m°p-I˛ Hcp _e-lo-\-\mb Bcy-k-am-P-°m-

c\p FSp-Øm¬ s]mßmØ hn[w mcn® \mev KŸ-ß-fp-≠m-

bn´pw Ah-bn¬ B aX-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-X-Øz-sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈

hmZw t]mepw ImWp-hm-\n-√. sXfn-hp-I-fpsS Imcyw ]ns∂

]d-bm-s\-¥p≠v? h√-Xp-ap-s≠-¶n¬ \mep thZ-ß-fnepw IqSn

Htc Hcp a¥w amXw! AXp Xs∂ Be-¶m-cn-I-ambn amXta

B hmZ-sØ-∏‰n ]d-™n- p-≈p-sh∂pw A\p-am\w sIm≠v AXv

Kln-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw Bcy≥ kvt\ln-X≥am¿ Xs∂

kΩ-Xn-°p-∂p. ]g-a-°m¿ ]d-™Xv FX icn!

s\©n-\p-≈n¬\n∂v lrZ-b-Øns‚ h√mØ _lfw tIń-

cp∂p; Iodn t\m°n-b-t∏mƒ Hcp Xp≈n c‡w amXw.

CØcw AXym-h-iyhpw ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-hp-amb kn≤m-¥-

sØ-°p-dn®v hymJym-\-am-h-iy-an-√mØ hn[w hy‡-amb \ne-

bn¬ AXns‚ hmZw Xpd∂p ]d-tb-≠Xpw kwi-b-Øn-\n-S-bn-

√m-Xn-cn-°m-\mbn AXv ho≠pw ho≠pw Bh¿Øn-t°-≠Xpw

thZ-ß-fpsS I¿Ø-hy-am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬, Ah A]-Imcw

sNbvXn-ń√. AXn-\m¬, [mXphpw Bflmhpw A\m-Zn-bm-sW-

∂p≈ kn≤m¥w thZ-ß-fpsSXp Xs∂-bmtWm F∂pw thZ-

ß-fpsS t]cn¬ C°m-esØ Bcy≥ kvt\ln-X≥am¿ sIń-®-

a®v Btcm-]n-®-X-t√-sb∂pw \ymb-ambpw kwi-b-ap-Zn-°p-∂p.

ImcWw ChnsS hmZn DZm-ko-\\pw km£n D’m-lnbpw F∂

Ah-ÿ-bmWv ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.

sXfnhp-I-fpsS Imcyhpw CXp-t]m-se-X-s∂-bm-Wv. thZ-ß-

fm-sW-¶n¬ hnK-l-ß-sf-t∏mse au\w Zo£n-°p-∂p. A\p-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 217

bm-bn-Iƒ tImem-lew Iq´p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. GsXmcp KŸw

AXpƒs°m-≈p∂ aX-Øns‚ auenI kn≤m-¥-sØ-∏‰n Jfin-

X-ambn hmZw ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw B hmZ-Øn\v

sXfnhv \evIm-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p-thm, GsXmcp KŸw

Cu c≠v Imcy-ßƒ°pwth≠n a‰p-≈-h-tcmSv ISw tNmZn-°m≥

\n¿_-‘n-X-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p-thm, B KŸw \ap°v F¥v am¿§-

Z¿i\w sNøm-\mWv?

lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) ]d-™Xv FX A¿∞-h-ØmWv:˛

acn-®-h≥ a‰p-≈-h¿°v Poh≥ \evIp-sa∂v Fßs\ Bin-

°m-\mWv? Ah\v X∂-Øm≥ A\-ßm≥t]mepw km[y-a√

Cu aX-ß-sf√mw Bcw-`-Øn¬ kXyhpw t\¿h-gn-bn-

ep≈Xpam-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂Xv ]c-am¿∞-am-sW∂v Nn¥n-®m¬ a\-

n-em-°m≥ km[n-°pw. C∂v Ah-bn¬ ImWp∂ in¿°pw A_-

≤-kn-≤m-¥-ßfpw ]n∂oSv Iq´n-t®¿°-s∏-´-h-bm-Wv. Ah Ia-

Øn¬ Ia-Øn¬ ]pdsa\n∂v h∂pIqSn aX-Øns‚ `mK-am-bn-

Øo¿∂-Xm-Wv. AXn-\m¬, aX-Øns‚ ]amWKŸ-ßƒ, a\p-

jy- ssI-tb-‰-Øn\v hnt[-b-am-bn-cp-∂n´pIqSn Ah-bpsS A\p-

bm-bn-Iƒ kzoI-cn®p ImWp∂ A_≤ kn≤m-¥-ß-fn¬\n∂v

Ah Hs´ms° ]cn-ip-≤-ambnØs∂ \ne-sIm-≈p-∂p. ktXym-

]-tZ-i-Øns‚ [mXp B KŸ-ß-fn¬\n∂v \nt»jw \in®p

t]mbn-´n-√. Ah-bn¬ Cu A_≤ kn≤m-¥-ßsf kw_-‘n®

sXfn-hp-I-sf∂p th≠, hmZ-ßƒt]mepw ImWm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-

Xn\v CXmWv Imc-Ww.

Npcp-°n-∏-d-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, aX-ßƒ XΩn-ep≈ N¿®-bn¬

lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) ÿm]n-®n- p≈ Cu XØzw G‰hpw i‡n-

a-Ømb H∂m-Wv. CXns\ ap≥\n-dp-Øn-s°m≠v Ckvemans‚

FXn-cm-fn-Isf t\cn-Sp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ah¿°v HcSnt]mepw

apt∂m´p sh°m≥ km[n-°p-I-bn-√. Ah-cpsS \n -lm-bm-hÿ

kXym-t\z-jn-Iƒ°v Xo¿∏p I¬]n-°p-∂-Xn\p H∂m-¥cw kµ¿ -

ap-≠m-°n-s°m-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)s‚ Cu

218 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

Hscm‰ ]lcw GXphn[-Øn-emWv F√m aX-ß-fp-sSbpw \mh-

S-°n-b-sX∂v hmb-\-°m¿ Btem-Nn®p t\m°p-I. C∂v \ne-hn-

ep≈ ssIkvXh kn≤m-¥-ß-sfbpw Bcy≥ kn≤m-¥-ß-

sfbpw kw_-‘n®v ssIkvXh thZ-]p-kvX-Ihpw lnµp-th-Z-

]p-kvX-I-ßfpw au\w Zo£n-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw

Ckveman-s\-Xn-cn¬ InkvXp-a-Xhpw Bcy≥a-Xhpw Jfin-X-

ambn ]cm-P-b-a-S-™p. ]ns∂ Ah-ti-jn-°p-∂Xv At¥m-Wn,

Hutk∏v apX-em-b-h-cpsS A`n-]m-b-ßƒ amX-am-Wv. AXns‚

ÿnXn lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) Xpd∂p ImWn-®n- p-≈Xv apI-fn¬

]Xn-]m-Zn®p Ign-™p. a‰p aX-ß-fp-sSbpw Ahÿ Gsd-°psd

CXp-X-s∂-bm-Wv.

hnhn[ aX-ßƒ XΩn-ep≈ hmZw kw_-‘n®v lZvdØv

AlvaZv(A) D∂-bn-®n- p≈ c≠m-asØ al-Ømb XØzw GsX-

¶n-ep-samcp aX-Øns‚ kXyw Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xn\v AXns‚ qX-

`m-hn-I-fn-te°v amXw t\m°n-bm¬ t]msc∂pw h¿Ø-am-\-Øn-

te°p IqSn t\mt°-≠-Xm-sW-∂p-ap-≈-Xm-Wv. GsX-¶n-ep-samcp

aXw AXns‚ `qX-sØ-°p-dn®v FX-Xs∂ henb henb IY-

Iƒ ]d-™mepw `mhn-sb-°p-dn®v FX-Xs∂ henb henb

hmKvZm-\-ßƒ \¬In-bmepw h¿Ø-am-\sØ kw_-‘n®v

AXns‚ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ°v bmsXmcp Bibpw \evIp-∂n-s√-

¶n¬ B aXw Hcp hn[-Ønepw it≤-b-am-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√. t\sc-

adn-®v, AXns‚ apgp-h≥ A≤ym-]-\hpw anYybm-bn-cn-°p-I-tb-

bp-≈q. AXn¬\n∂v c£-s∏-tS-≠Xv _p≤n-bp-≈-h-cpsS IS-a-

bm-Wv. Ign™ImesØ P\-ßƒ°v GsX-¶nepw aXsØ

]n≥]-‰n-b-Xn-\m¬ F¥p In´n F∂XpsIm≠v \ap-s°¥p-

Imcyw? AXp-t]mseØs∂ GsX-¶nepw aXw `mhnsb kw_-

‘n®v Fs¥-¶nepw hmKvZm\w \evIp-∂-Xp-sIm≠pw \ap-s°¥p-

Imcyw? Cu c≠v Imehpw Hcp Xnc-»o-ebv°v ]n∂n-em-Wv.

AXns‚ clkyw ssZh-Øn\p amXta Adn-bm≥ ]mSp-≈q.

\map-ambn _‘-s∏-´Xv \ΩpsS h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-am-Wv. \ΩpsS

Imew \ap°v Bizm-khpw ]Xo-£bpw \evIp-∂n-s√-¶n¬

Ign™ImesØ Ncn-X-Øn\v Hcp IY-tb-°mfpw `mhnsb

kw_-‘n® hmKvZm-\-ßƒ°v Im\¬P-e-tØ°mfpw IqSp-X¬

ImX-ep-≠m-Ip-∂-X-√. F∂m¬, Hcp aXw kXy-a-X-Øn¬\n∂v

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 219

]Xo-£n-°-s∏-Sp∂ êw h¿Ø-am-\-Im-eØpw \ap°v \evIp-

∂p-sh-¶n¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw B aXsØ kw_-‘n® Ign-™-I-

Y-Iƒ kXy-am-sW∂v hniz-kn-°m\pw `mhnsb kw_-‘n®v

AXv \evIp∂ hmKvZm-\-ß-fn¬ Bi-bp-d-∏n-°m-\p-w \ap°v km[n-

°pw. t\sc-a-dn-®v, h¿Ø-am\w \njv^-e-am-sW-¶n¬ `qXsØ

kw_-‘n® IY-Ifpw `mhnsb kw_-‘n® hmKvZm-\-ßfpw

\sΩ Hcphn[-Ønepw Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bn-√.

Ign-™p-t]mb IY-I-fn≥taepw mhn-sb-kw-_-‘n® hmKvZm-

\-ß-fn≥taepw Bi-bn-∏n-°msX a[p-c-ap-≈Xpw ]pXn-b-Xp-amb

êw ssI°p ssItømsS sImSp-°p-∂-XmWv kXy-a-X-Øns‚

e£-W-sa∂v lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) ]d-™p. DZm-l-c-W-am-bn,

GsX-¶nepw aXw a\p-jys\ ssZh-Øn--te°v \bn-°p-sa∂v hmZn-

°p-I-bm-sW∂v hnNm-cn-°p-I. F∂m¬, B hmZ-Øn\v sXfn-

hmbn Ign-™-Im-e-ß-fn¬ B aX-Øns‚ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ

ssZhsØ ]m]n®psIm≠n-cp-∂p-sht∂m As√-¶n¬ ac-W-

Øn\ptijw AXns‚ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ ssZhsØ ]m]n-°p-

sa∂v B aXw hmKvZm\w sNøp-∂p-s≠t∂m GsX¶nepw KŸ-

Øn¬ ImWn-°p-∂Xv a\pjy ]Ir-Xnsb Xr]vX-ns∏-Sp-Øm≥

Hcp hn[-Ønepw ]cym-]vX-am-hp-I-bn-√. Cu c≠v hn[-Øn-ep≈

km¥z-\-ßfpw _men-i-ß-fm-Wv. _p≤nbpw Xt‚-S-hp-ap≈

Hcmfpw B km¥z-\w sIm≠v Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. \ap-°m-h-

iy-am-bn-´p-≈Xv \ΩpsS aXw Cu Pohn-X-Øn¬Øs∂ \sΩ

ssZh-Øns‚ ASp-°-te°p FØn-°p-I, \mw ssZh-Øns‚

kv]jvS-amb ]Imiw Cu temI-Øp-sh®pXs∂ \ΩpsS IÆp-

IƒsIm≠v ImWp-Ibpw Ahs‚ kmao]yw Hcp kPo-h-amb

bmYm¿∞y-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ \ap°p A\p- -h-am-hp-Ibpw sNøpI

F∂n-h-bm-Wv. kq£va-⁄\pw A]-cn-an-X-\p-am-b-Xn-\m¬ ÿqe

ZrjvSnsIm≠v Ahs\ ImWp-hm≥ Ign-™n-s√-¶n¬ Npcp-ßnb

]£w Ahs‚ Poh-k-µm-b-I-amb `mjWw ImXpsIm≠v

tIƒ°m\pw Ahs‚ AS-bm-f-ßƒ IÆp-sIm≠v ImWm\pw

\ap°v km[n-°-Ww. ssZhm-kvXnIyw \ap°v _p≤n-]-c-amb

A\p-am-\-Øns‚ ê-am-hmsX A\p-`h hnZn-X-am-bn-cn-°m≥

th≠n-bm-Wn-Xv. B Ah-ÿ-bn¬ `qX-Im-esØ kw_-‘n®

IY-Iƒ \ap°v kPo-h-am-sbmcp ]mT-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xm-Wv.

220 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

`mhnsb kw_-‘n® hmKvZXw Hcp k¶¬] hkvXp-hmbn \ne-

sIm-≈p-I-bp-an-√. F∂m¬, \ap-°p-th≠n CØcw Poh-k-µm-

b-I-amb aqeyw ]Zm\w sNøp∂ aX-ßƒ temIØv FX-bp-

s≠∂v H∂v Btem-Nn®p t\m°p-I.

h¿Ø-am\Ime-Ønse ]pXnb ]pXnb ^ew sIm≠v

kwkn-≤-am-Ip∂ B≤ym-flnI PohnXw Ckveman¬ amXta

e_v[-am-hp-I-bp-≈p-sh∂pw as‰mcp aX-Øn\pw AXns‚

e£Ww ImWn-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-s√∂pw lZvdØv AlvaZv(A)

hmZn-®p. Fs¥-∂m¬, a‰v aX-ß-fp-sS-sb√mw B[mcw `qX-Im-

esØ kw_-‘n® Nne IY-Ifpw `mhnsb kw_-‘n® Nne

hmKvZm-\-ßfpw amX-am-Wv. DZm-l-c-W-am-bn, ssZh- m-j-W-Øm¬

A\p-Kr-lo-X-\m-hp-Ibpw ssZh-h-N-\-Øm¬ \h-Po-h≥ kn≤n-

°p-Ibpw ssZh-Øns‚ klm-b-lkvXw Nhn-´-Sn -tXmdpw

Xt∂mSpIqSn D≠m-hp-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p≈ Hscm‰ Bsfbpw

InkvXym-\n-I-fn¬ ImWp-I-bn-√. AXp-t]m-se-Ø-s∂, C°m-

eØv ssZh-k-lm-b-Øns‚ ]Imiw ImWn-°m≥ Ign-bp-Ibpw

ssZh-Øns‚ ]pXnb ]pXnb hN-\-ßƒ sIm≠-\pKr-lo-X-\m-

hp-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p≈ Hcm-sfbpw Bcy-a-X-Øns‚ A\p-bm-bn-

I-fnepw ImWm-hp-∂-X-√. a‰p aX-ßfpsS ÿnXnbpw CXp-X-

s∂-bm-Wv. Ah-cpsS ]°¬ `qX-Im-esØ kw_-‘n® IY-

Ifpw `mhnsb kw_-‘n® a[pc hmKvZm-\-ß-fp-a-√msX as‰m-

∂p-an-√. F∂m¬, lZvdØv AlvaZmhs´(A), Ckvemw ssZh-

Øns‚ Hcp Poh-\p≈ aX-am-sW∂v ÿm]n-®p. Fs¥-∂m¬,

AXns‚ acw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS Ime-sØ-∂-t]mse C∂pw

^ew X∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Ign™Ime-sØ∂Xp-t]mse

AXv C∂pw AXns‚ A\p-bm-bn-Isf ssZh-tØmSp ASp-∏n®p

sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Ign™ImesØ P\-ß-sf-t∏m-se-Øs∂

C∂pw AXns\ A\p-k-cn®p \S-°p-∂-h¿°v ssZh-Øns‚

]pXnb ]pXnb hN-\-ßƒ tIƒ°m≥ Ign-bp-∂p. Ign-™-Im-

e-sØ-∂-t]m-se-Øs∂ C∂pw Ah¿ ssZh-Øns‚ kPo-h-

amb AS-bm-f-ßƒ ImWp-∂p. Npcp-°-Øn¬, Poh-\p≈ aXw

Ckvemw amX-am-Wv. a‰p≈ F√m aX-ßfpw Ah-bpsS Bbp-

jv°mew Ah-km-\n-∏n®p Ign-™p. Xs‚ apºmsI h∂p Cu

hmZ-ap-JsØ t\cn-Sm\pw Xß-fpsS aX-Øns‚ kXyw sXfn-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 221

bn-°m\pw lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) At±-l-Øns‚ FXn-cm-fn-Isf

ASn-°Sn Blzm\w sNøp-I-bp-≠m-bn. F∂m¬, B¿°pw At±-

l-Øns‚ apºn¬ ]Xy£-s∏-Sm≥ ss[cy-ap-≠m-bn-√. teJvdmw,

Uqbn apX-em-b-h-sc-t∏mse kml-k-Øn-s\m-cp-ßn-b-htcm Ah-

cpsS \mi-Øm¬ Ckvemans‚ kXy-Øn\p km£yw hln®p

sIm≠v Ft∂-°p-ambn A¥¿-≤m\w sNøp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

Ckveman\v ssIh∂ Cu hnPbw FX al-Ø-c-am-sW∂v

Btem-Nn®p t\m°p-I. Ckvemans‚ kXyw kqcy-]-Imiw

t]mse kv]jvS-am-°p∂ i‡hpw ZrV-hp-amb XØz-ß-ft√

Ch-sb∂pw Btem-Nn®p t\m°p-I*.

Ckvemans‚ hnPbw

C\n lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)s‚ as‰mcp al-Ømb ]hr-

Øn-sb-∏-‰n-bmWv ]-Xn-]m-Zn-°m≥ hnNm-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Ckvemans\

hnP-bn-∏n®p ImWn-°p-sa∂ hmKvZXw B ]hr-Øn-sIm≠v

FXbpw D¬°r-jvS-amb \ne-bn¬ ]q¿Øn-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

1896¬ emtlm-dnse Nne lnµp-am-\y≥am¿ Hcp aX-a-lm-k-

tΩ-f\w \S-Øm≥ Xocp-am-\n-®p. F√m aX-ß-fp-sSbpw Poh-\m-

bn-cn-°p∂ Nne tNmZy-ßƒ Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-I, F√m aX-ß-fp-

sSbpw ]Xn-\n-[n-Isf ktΩ-f-\-Øn-te°v £Wn-°p-I, B ]Xn-

\n-[n-I-sf-s°m≠v ]kvXpX ]iv\-ßƒ°v adp-]-Sn-bmbn Xm¥m-

ß-fpsS aX-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ ]kw-Kn-∏n-°pI F∂o

\n›-b-ßfpw Ah¿ sNbvXp. kXym-t\z-jI¿°v im¥-am-bm-

tem-Nn-°m\pw lrZbw sIm≠v Xo¿∏p I¬∏n-°m\pw kuIcyw

e`n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n B ]kw-K-ß-fn¬ Bcpw a‰p aX-ßsf

Bt£-]n-°m≥ ]mSn-s√∂pw Ah-\-hs‚ aX-Øns‚ KpW-ßƒ

amXsa D≤-cn-°mhq F∂pw Ah¿ hyhÿ sNbvXn-cp-∂p.

Cu kwcw-`-Øns‚ ]tW-Xm-°ƒ _“-k-am-P-hp-ambn _‘-

ap-≈-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p. Cu Xocp-am\w \S-∏n¬ hcp-Øm-\mbn Hcp

]h¿ØI IΩn-‰nsb Ah¿ \ntbm-Kn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

]kw-K-Øn-\p-th≠n Xncs™Sp°-s∏´ ]iv\-ßƒ Xmsg

]d-bp-∂-h-bm-bn-cp∂p:˛

* lJo-J-Øp¬ hlvbv, _dm-los\ Alva-Zn-øm A©mw-`mKw F∂o KŸ-ßƒ t\m°pI.

222 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

1. a\p-jys‚ imco-cn-Ihpw [m¿Ωn-I-hpw B≤ym-fln-I-hp-

amb Ah-ÿ-Iƒ.

2. a\p-jys‚ ac-W-Øn-\ptijap≈ Ah-ÿ.

3. temIØv a\pjyPohn-X-Øns‚ Dt±-iy-sa¥v? B Dt±iyw

Fßs\ ]q¿Øn-bm-°m≥ Ignbpw?

4. I¿Ω-Øns‚ êw Cl-Ønepw ]c-Ønepw F¥m-bn-

cn°pw?

5. ⁄m\-kn-≤n-°p≈ am¿§-ßƒ Fs¥-√m-amWv?

Cu Xocp-am-\-a-\p-k-cn®v ]kvXpX tNmZy-ßƒ°v DØ-

c-ambn D]-\ymkw Fgp-Xn-hm-bn-°p-Itbm hmNm-]-kwKw sNøp-

Itbm sNøm≥ Bh-iy-s∏- p-sIm≠v F√m aX-ß-fn-sebpw kap-

Zm-b-ß-fn-sebpw ][m-\-s∏´ Bfp-Iƒ°v £W-a-b-®p. Hmtcm

aX-ÿ-cn¬ \n∂pw c≠pw aq∂pw Bƒ hoX-amWv Xnc-s™-Sp-

°-s∏- -Xv. apkvenwIfn¬\n∂v Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏- -h¿ Xmsg ]d-

bp∂ aq∂p t]cm-bn-cp∂p:-˛

1. lZvdØv an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv(A)

2. auehn A_q-k-CuZv apl-ΩZv lpkbv≥ kmln_v _´m-

ehn.

3. auehn A_p¬h^m k\m-D√m kmln_v AarXvkcn.

InkvXym-\n-Iƒ, Bcy-k-am-P-°m¿, -k-\m-X-\-[¿Ωn-Iƒ,

_“-k-am-P-°m¿, kn°p-Im¿, Xntbm-k-^n-°¬ skmssk-‰n-

°m¿, ô Xnt¶¿kv apX-em-b-h-cn¬\n∂pw ]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ \n›-

bn-°-s∏-ń-cp-∂p. ta¬]-d™ tNmZyßƒ°p-Ø-c-ambn Ah-c-

h-cpsS aX-Øns‚ kn≤m¥w hnh-cn-°p-I-b-√msX A\y-a-X-

ßsf Bt£-]n-°-cp-sX∂pw F√m-h¿°pw \n¿t±iw \evIp-

Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. ktΩ-f-\-Øn-\p-th≠n 1896 Unkw-_¿

26,27,28 F∂o Xnb-Xn-Iƒ \n›-bn-°-s∏- p. ktΩ-f\w \S-Øm≥

emtlm-dnse A©p-a≥ln-am-bsØ Ckvem-ans‚ lmƒ

G¿∏mSv sNbvXp. ]X-ßƒ aptJ-\bpw t\mó-kp-Iƒ aptJ-

\bpw ktΩ-f-\-sØ-∏‰n ]ckyw sNbvXp. lZvdØv Alva-Zv(A)

]kvXpX tNmZy-ßƒ°p-Ø-c-ambn Hcp ]kwKw Fgp-Xp-Ibpw

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 223

AXp-ambn Xs‚ ]apJ injy≥ lZvdØv auem\m A_vZp¬

Icow kmln_v knbm¬t°m-´nsb emtlm-dn-te°p Ab-°p-

Ibpw sNbvXp. ktΩ-f-\-Øn\v A©mdp Znhkw aptº 1896

Unkw-_¿ 21 \p Xm≥ A√m-lp-hns‚ ]tXy-I-amb klm-b-

tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv ]kvXpX ]kwKw Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≈-sX∂pw

AXp as‰√m ]kw-K-ß-sf-°mfpw anI-®-Xm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v

A√mlp Xs∂ Adn-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw ImWn-°p∂ Hcp

hn⁄m-]\w lZvdØv Alva-Zv(A) ]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øn.

1896 Unkw-_¿ 26,27,28 F∂o Xnø-Xn-I-fn¬ emtlm-dnse

Su¨lm-fn¬* IqSp∂ aX-k-tΩ-f-\-Øn¬ Fs‚ hI-bmbn

hnip≤Jp¿-Bs‚ DXv°rjvSX-sbbpw A¬`p--X-ß-sfbpw

kw_-‘n-®p≈ Hcp D]-\ymkw hmbn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv. AXp

a\p-jy-i-‡n°v AXo-Xhpw ssZh-Øns‚ AS-bm-f-ß-fn¬

\n∂p≈ Hc-S-bm-fhpw Ahs‚ ]tXy-I-amb klm-b-tØm-Sp-

IqSn Fgp-X-s∏-´-Xp-am-Wv. hnip≤Jp¿-B≥ kXy-ambn ssZh-

Øns‚ hN-\hpw ssZh-Øns‚ KŸ-hp-am-sW∂v kqcy-s\-

t∏mse sXfn-bp∂ hn[-Øn¬ hn.-Jp¿-Bs‚ hnti-j-X-Ifpw

\nKq-V-⁄m-\-ßfpw AXn¬ tImUo-I-cn-®n- p-≠v. A©v tNmZy-

ß-fp -sSbpw DØ-c-ßƒ Dƒs°m-≈p∂ B D]-\ym-kw

BZym¥w i≤m-]q¿∆w tIƒ°p∂ GsXm-cm-fnepw Hcp ]pXnb

hnizmkw P\n-°p-sa∂pw Hcp ]pXnb shfn®w hoip-sa∂pw

Abmƒ°v hnip≤ hN-\-Øns‚ ka-K-am-sbmcp hymJym\w

Adn-bm-dm-Ip-sa∂pw Rm≥ hnizkn-°p-∂p. Fs‚ Cu D]-\ymkw

A\m-h-iy-ß-fn¬\n∂pw Akw-_-‘-ßfn¬\n∂pw ]cn-ip-≤-

am-Wv. am\-h-k-ap-Zm-b-tØm-Sp≈ A\p-Iº amX-amWv Cu ka-

bØv Cu D]-\ym-k-sa-gp-Xm≥ Fs∂ t]cn-∏n-®-Xv; Ah¿

hnip≤Jp¿-Bs‚ alna Z¿in-°p-hm≥ th≠nbpw \ΩpsS

Aapkvenw FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ A‘-Im-csØ kvt\ln-®p-sIm≠pw

]Im-isØ shdpØpsIm≠pw Fs¥mcp A\ym-b-amWv

sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v a\- n-em-°m≥ th≠n-bpw. Fs‚ Cu

D]-\ymkw as‰√m ]kw-K-ß-sf-°mfpw anI®p\nev°p-sa∂v

k¿∆-⁄-\mb ssZhw C¬lmw apJm-¥cw Fs∂ Adn-bn-®n-

cn-°p-∂p. a‰p≈ kap-Zm-b-ßƒ k∂n-ln-X-cmbn BZyw apX¬

* ]n∂oSv tbmKw \S-∂Xv Ckvem-anbm tImtfPv lmfn¬h-®mWv.

224 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

Ah-km\w hsc i≤n®p tIƒ°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ A‘m-

fn®pt]mIp-amdv kXy-Øn-s‚bpw ⁄m\-Øn-s‚bpw ]Imiw

Xpfpºp∂-Xm-W-Xv. Ah¿s°m-cn-°epw Ah-cpsS KŸ-ß-

fn¬\n∂v Cu ta≥a FSpØp ImWn-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bn√ Ah¿

InkvXym-\n-I-fm-bn-cp-∂mepw icn, Bcy∑m-cm-bn-cp-∂mepw icn,

k\m-X\ [¿Ωn-I-fm-bn-cp-∂mepw icn, a‰m-cm-bn-cp-∂mepw icn.

Fs¥-∂m¬, At∂-Zn-hkw Xs‚ ]cn-ip≤ KŸ-Øns‚

]Imiw ]Xy-£-am-h-W-sa-∂mWv A√mlp Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xv.

Fs‚ `h-\-Øns‚ ta¬ ad-hn¬\n∂v Hcp ssI ]Xn-®-Xmbn

CXn-s\-∏‰n Z¿i-\m-h-ÿ-bn¬ Rm≥ I≠p. B Ic-kv]¿i-

Øm¬ Fs‚ `h-\-Øn¬ \n∂v Hcp D÷z-e-]-Imiw ]pd-s∏´p

\m\m-`m-K-tØ°pw ]c-∂p. Fs‚ ssII-fnepw B ]Imiw

hoin. X’-abw Fs‚ ASp-°¬ \n∂n-cp∂ Bƒ Dss®-kvXcw

]d-™p.

]Ö×#ä]Òþ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³f†ì†ekìnf†ChnsS `h\wsIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏-´Xv Fs‚ lrZ-b-am-Wv.

AXn¬\n∂mWv hn⁄m-\-am-Ip∂ shfn®w s]m´n-∏p-d-s∏-´-Xv.

Jbv_¿ sIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏- Xv in¿°pw Ak-Xyhpw Ie¿∂n-

´p-≈Xpw a\p-jy\v ssZh-Øns‚ ÿm\w \¬Ip-Itbm ssZh-

Kp-W-ßsf Ah-bpsS D∂-X-ÿm-\Øp\n∂v Xmsg X≈n-bn-Sp-

Itbm sNbvXn-´p-≈-Xp-amb F√m Zpjn® kn≤m-¥-ß-fp-am-Wv.

Aß-s\, Fs‚ B D]-\ymkw \√-Xp-t]mse ]kn-≤-am-Ip-∂-

tXm-Sp-IqSn hymP-]-ÿm-\-ß-fpsS X\n-\n-dw shfn-hm-Ip-sa∂pw

hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs‚ kXyw AXns‚ ]cn[n ]q¿Øn-bm-Ip-∂Xp

hsc Zn\w]Xn temIØv ]c-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-sa∂pw F\n°v

ImWn®p X∂n-cn-°p-∂p. AXn-\p-tijw B Z¿i-\m-h-ÿ-bn¬

\n∂v C¬lm-an-tebv°v Rm≥ am‰-s∏-´p. F\n°v C]-Imcw

C¬lm-ap-≠mbn:

]áù]Ö×#äÚÃÔ]áù]Ö×#ämÏçÝ]mßÛ^ÎÛkøssZhw \nt∂m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. \o \nev°p-∂n-SØv ssZhw

\nev°p-∂p. CXv ssZh-k-lm-bs-Ø kqNn-∏n-°p∂ Hcp Ae-

¶m-c-h-N-\-am-Wv. IqSp-X-em-sbm-∂p-sa-gp-Xm≥ C\n Rm≥ hnNm-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 225

cn-°p-∂n-√. B hn⁄m-\-ßƒ tIƒ°p∂-Xn-\mbn ktΩ-f-\-

Zn -hkw emtlm-dn¬ hc-W-sa∂v Rm≥ F√m-h-tcbpw

DW¿Øn®p sIm≈p-∂p. X≥aqew Duln-°m≥ Ign-bmØ ew

Ah-cpsS _p≤n°pw hnizm-k-Øn\pw kn≤n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

Cu hn⁄m-]\w emtlm-dnepw \m´ns‚ a‰p ]e `mK-

ß-fnepw ktΩ-f-\-Øn\v GXm\pw Znhkw aptºXs∂ ]kn-

≤-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn. \n›nX Znhkw ktΩ-f\w XpS-ßn-b-

t∏mƒ F√m aX-ß-fp-sSbpw ]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ k∂n-ln-X-cm-bn-cp-

∂p. ]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ Ah-c-h-cpsS [¿Ω-ßsf ]Xn-\n-[m\w

sNbvXp-sIm≠v AhnsS ]kw-Kn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. A`y-kvX-hn-

Zy-cmb hen-sbmcp P\m-hen Cu k`m-\-S-]-Sn-I-fn¬ kPo-h-

Xm¬]cyw ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-Ibpw \m\m-Zn-°p-I-fn¬\n∂v FØn-

t®¿∂ hyXykvX aXm-\p-bm-bn-Iƒ Xm¥m-ß-fpsS aX-hn-`m-K-

Øn\v hnPbw kn≤n-°p-sa∂ ]Xym-i-tbmsS h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXn-cp-∂p. \tS ]d-™Xpt]mse ktΩf\m-cw-`-Øn\v Znh-

k-ßƒ°p aptºXs∂ lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) Xs‚ D]-\ymkw

]kvXpX alm-k-tΩ-f-\-Øn¬ k¿t∆m-XvIr-jvShpw hnP-b-io-

em-fn-X-hp-ambn AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂v Zo¿L-Z¿i\w sNbvXp-

sIm≠v hn⁄m-]\w A®-Sn®p ]kn≤w sNbvXn-cn-°-bm¬

timXm-°-fn¬ ]d-™-dn-bn-°m≥ Ign-bm-Ø-hn-[-Øn-ep≈

`‡ym-th-i-]q¿∆-amb D’mlw ImW-s∏-´n-cp-∂p. lZvdØv

AlvaZns‚ D]-\ymkw c≠mw Znh-ksØ tbmK-Øn-emWv

hmbn-°m-\m-cw-`n-®-Xv. lmƒ Xnßn-\n-d-™n-cp-∂p. auem\m

A_vZpƒIcow kmln-_m-bn-cp∂p D]-\ymkw hmbn®p tIƒ∏n-

®-Xv. XZ-h-k-c-Øn¬ timXm-°ƒ a¥-hn-h-i-sc-∂-Xp-t]mse

ZØ-i-≤-cm-bn-cn-°p-amdv D]-\ymkw AXbv°v lrZ-b-m-h¿÷-

Ihpw hnt⁄-bhpw Nn¥m-ar-X-hp-am-sW∂v shfn-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠m-

bn. AXnse Kl-\-amb Znhy-X-Øz-⁄m\w Zo¿L-Z¿i-\-Øn¬

]d-™-t]mse A`y-kvX-hn-Zy-cmb kZ-kysc lTm-Zm-I¿jn-°p-

Ibpw ]`m-hn-X-cm-°n-Øo¿°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. \n›-bn-°-s∏´

c≠v aWn-°q¿ sIm≠v D]-\ymkw hmbn-®p-Xo-cm-Xn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬

Imcy-]-cn-]m-Sn-b-\p-k-cn®v ASpØ ]kw-K-I-\m-bn-cp∂ auem\m

A_q-bq-kp^v ap_m-dIv Aen kmln_v Xs‚ ]kw-K-Øn-

\p≈ kabw apgp-h\pw CXn-\mbn hn´p-sIm-Sp-Øp. CXn\pw

226 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

]pd-sa, sshIp-t∂cw \meca-Wnbv°v ]ncn-tb≠ tbmKw

A©caWn-hsc \o´p-hm≥ ]h¿ØI kanXn Xocp-am-\n-°p-

Ibpw sNbvXp. CXbpw ka-b-ssZ¿Lyw sIm≠pw D]-\ymk

]mcm-bWw apgp-an-°m-Xn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬ injvS-`m-Khpw tIƒ∏n-

°-s∏-Sm≥ ktΩ-f\w Hcp Znh-k-tØ°p IqSn \o´-W-sa-∂p≈

kZ-ky-cpsS A`y¿∞-\sb°pdn®v Btem-Nn-°p-∂-Xn\v

]h¿ØI kanXn t]cn-X-am-bn-Øo¿∂p. ]q¿∆-\n-›-b-]-Imcw

aq∂p Znh-ksØ ]cn-]m-Sn-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb ktΩ-f\w \o´p-∂Xn\v

tbmK-ÿ-e-amb Ckvemanbm tImtf-Pns‚ A[n-Ir-X-cn¬

\n∂pw A\p-aXn e`n-t°-≠n-bn-cp-∂p. AhnsS lmP-cp-≠m-bn-

cp∂ tImtf-P-[n-Ir-X¿ A\p-aXn \evIn-b-X-\p-k-cn®v ]h¿ØI

kanXn Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°p-Ibpw ktΩ-f\w Hcp ZnhkwIqSn XpS-

cp-∂-Xm-sW∂v k`m-\m-Y≥ aptJ\ ]Jym-]\w sNøpI-bp-ap≠m-

bn. \memw Znh-ksØ tbmK-Øn-emWv Cu D]-\ymkw hmbn®p

apgp-an∏n®-Xv. Cßs\ D]-\ymkw apgp-h\pw tIƒ°m≥ Ign-

™-Xn¬ kZ-ky¿ BÀm-Z- -cn-X-cm-hp-Ibpw k`m-lmƒ Ic-tLm-

j-ß-fm¬ apJ-cn-X-am-hp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p.

ktΩ-f-\m-≤y-£-\mb Hcp sslµh ]fin-Xs‚ \mhn¬

\n∂v "Cu D]-\ymkw as‰√m D]-\ym-k-ß-sfbpw Ih®ph®n-

cn-°p∂p' F∂ hmIyw Ahn-Nm-cn-X-ambn ]pd-s∏-´p. emtlm-

dnse kp]-kn≤ Cw•ojp ]X-amb knhn¬ B‚ v anen-‰dn

Kk‰v, an¿km kmln_v JmZn-bm-\n-bpsS ]kw-K-am-bn-cp∂p

G‰hpw anI-®-sX∂ A`n-]m-b-amWv ]I-Sn-∏n-®-Xv. Ccp-]-tXmfw

D¿Zp ]X-ßfpw B ]kw-K-Øns‚ ]c-tamXv°r-jvS-Xbv°p

km£yw hln-®p. B ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ k∂n-ln-X-cm-b-h-cn¬

ITn-\-amb hntZz-jn-I-f-√m-Ø-h-sc-√m-hcpw B ]kw-K-Øns‚

hnPbw Xe-Ip-ep°n kΩ-Xn-®p. knhn¬ B‚ v anen-‰dn Kk‰v

]pd-s∏-Sp-hn® A`n-]mbw hmb-\-°m-cpsS A-dn-hn-\mbn Xmsg

tN¿ØpsIm-≈p-∂p:-˛

""k¿∆-a-X-k-tΩ-f\w 1896 Unkw-_¿ 26,27,28 F∂o Xnø-

Xn-I-fn¬ emtlm-dnse Ckvemanøm tImtfPp lmfn¬ tN¿∂p.

AXn¬ hnhn[ aX-ß-fpsS ]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ Xmsg ]d-bp∂ A©v

]iv\-ß-sf-∏‰n ]kw-Kn-®p. (A©v ]iv\-ßfpw ChnsS

tN¿Øn- p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p). F∂m¬, F√m D]-\ym-k-ß-sf-°mfpw

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 227

it≤-b-am-bn-cp-∂Xpw IqSp-X¬ Hu’p-Iy-tØmsS P\-ßƒ

tI´p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂Xpw an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv JmZn-bm-\n-bpsS

D]-\ym-k-am-bn-cp-∂p. At±lw Ckvemans‚ `mcn-s®mcp

h°oepw hen-sbmcp hnZzm-\p-am-Wv. B ]kwKw tIƒ°p-∂-

Xn-\p-th≠n ASpØpw AI-sebpw\n∂v F√m aX-ß-fpsS A\p-

bm-bn-Ifpw hºn® tXmXn¬ XSn®p IqSn-bn-cp-∂p. an¿km kmln-

_n\v ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ kw_-‘n-°m≥ Ign-bm-™-Xp-sIm≠v

At±l-Øns‚ D]-\ymkw tbmKy\pw a[p-c-`m-jn-bp-amb At±-

l-Øns‚ injy≥ auehn A_vZpƒ Icow knbm¬tIm- n-bmWv

hmbn-®-Xv. 27˛mw XnbXn aq∂-c-a-Wn-°q-dp-t\cw hmbn-®n´pw H∂m-

asØ ]iv\w Ah-km-\n-®n-cp-∂n-√. P\-ßƒ Bth-i-`-cn-Xcpw

IpXq-lpe NnØ-cp-am-bn- mWv AXv tI´p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂-Xv. ]n∂oSv

B ]kwKw apgp-an-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\pth≠n `mc-hm-ln-Iƒ ktΩ-

f\w 29-˛mw Xnb-Xnbpw \S-Øm≥ Xocp-am-\n-®p.

lZvdØv AlvaZns‚(A) ]kw-K-sØ-∏-‰n-b-√msX a‰m-cp-

tS-Xn-s\-∏-‰nbpw knhn¬]Xw an≠n-bn-´n-s√-∂p-≈Xv i≤m¿l-

am-Wv. lnµp-°-fpsS `mKØp\n∂v Xøm-dm-°nb ktΩ-f\

dnt∏m¿´n¬ lZvdØv AlvaZns‚(A) ]kw-KsØ∏‰n ]d-™n-

cn-°p-∂Xv C]-Im-c-amWv:˛

]fin‰v tKm¿≤\≥ Zmkns‚ ]kw-K-Øn\ptijw Ac-

a-Wn-°q¿ kabw Hgn-hp-≠m-bn-cp∂p. B Hgn-hn-s\-Øp-S¿∂v

]kw-Kn-t°-≠n-bn-cp-∂Xv Ckvemans‚ mKØp\n∂p≈ ]kn-

≤-\m-sbmcp ]Xn-\n-[n-bm-bn-cp-∂p. AXn\m¬ D’m-l-`-cn-X-

cmb kZ-ky¿ Xm¥m-ß-fpsS ÿew hn´p Cf-In-bn-cp-∂n-√.

H∂-c-a-Wn-b-Sn-°m≥ ]ns∂bpw ka-b-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ckvem

anøm tImtf-Pns‚ hnim-e-amb lmƒ £Ww £Ww \nd-bm

≥ XpS-ßn. GXm\pw \nan-j-ßƒ°p-≈n¬ lmfn-\-IØv H´pw

CSw _m°n-bn-√m-Xm-bn. B ka-bØv timXm-°-fpsS kwJy

Ggm-bn-c-tØmfw hcp-am-bn-cp-∂p. hnhn[ aX-ÿ-cn¬ \n∂pw

hnhn[ kap-Zm-b-ß-fn¬\n∂pw Xe-sb-Sp-∏p≈ hnZz-÷-\-ßƒ

Ah-cpsS Iq´-Øn¬ A[n-I-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Itk-c-Ifpw ]c-h-

Xm-\n-Ifpw hf-sc-b-[nIw k÷o-I-cn-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw \qdp-°-

W-°n-\m-fp-Iƒ°v \nev°p-I-b-√msX \nhr-Øn-bp-≠m-bn-√.

\nev°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂ B IpXp-In-I-fpsS Iq -Øn¬ henb henb

228 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

[\m-Vy¿, ]©m-_nse t\Xm-°ƒ, De-am-°ƒ, ]fin-X≥am¿,

_mcn-Ã¿am¿, h°o-e≥am¿, s]m^-k¿am¿, FIvkvSm Akn-

Ã‚ v IΩo-jvW¿am¿, tUmIvS¿am¿ F∂p th≠ tase-°n-S-

bn-ep≈ hnhn[ Xpd-I-fn¬s∏´ F√m-Øcw Bfp-Ifpw Dƒs∏-

ń-cp-∂p. IuXp-I-tØmSpw Bth-i-tØmSpw IqSn-bm-sW-¶nepw

\me©v aWn-°q¿ t\cw Ah¿°v H‰-°m-en¬ £an®pw

kln®pw \nevt°≠nh∂p. B D]-\ym-k-Øn-\p-th≠n `mc-

hm-ln-I-fpsS `mKØp\n∂v A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏-ń-cp-∂Xv c≠vv aWn-

°q¿ kabw amX-am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬, kZ-ky¿°v B ]kw-

K-tØm-Sp-≠mb Xm¬]cyw \nanØw ]kwKw Ah-km-\n-°p-

∂Xp hsc ktΩ-f-\-]-cn-]mSn \o´p-hm≥ `mc-hm-ln-Iƒ kk-

t¥mjw kΩ-Xn-®p. Ah-cpsS B Xocp-am\w F√m-h-cnepw

kwXr]vXn Df-hm-°n. ]kw-K-Øn\p A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏- n-cp∂ c≠p

aWn-°q¿ Ign-™Xn-\p-tijw auehn ap_m-d-°en At±-l-

Øns‚ kabw B ]kwKw apgp-an-°m≥ th≠n A\p-h-Zn®p

sImSp-Ø-t∏mƒ ktΩ-f-\-`m-c-hm-ln-Ifpw kZ-kycpw auehn

kmln-_n\v BÀm-Zmch-tØmSpIqSn \µn ]d-™p. B D]-

\ymkw BZyw apX¬ Ah-km\w hsc Htc hn[-Øn¬ BI¿j-

Ihpw Bth-i-P-\-I-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p.

IqSm-sX, AtX ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ ]n∂oSv ]kw-Kn® kn°v

]Xn-\n[n k¿Zm¿ Phm-l¿knßv At±-l-Øns‚ ]kw-K-Øn-

\n-S-bn¬ lZvdØv AlvaZns‚(A) ]kw-KsØ ]cm-a¿in®p

sIm≠v C]-Imcw ]d™p:˛ C∂se \S∂ ]fin-tXm-Nn-X-

amb B ]kw-K-Øn¬ kt¥m-j-`-cn-X-\m-hmØ Hcm-fp-an-√.

Bcpw AXns\ «mLn-°m-Xn-cp-∂n-´p-an-√.

Ckveman\v ssIh∂ Cu hnPbw FX al-Ømb H∂m-

sW∂v hmb-\-°m¿ Btem-Nn®p t\m°p-I. Hcp ktΩ-f\w

\S-°p-∂p. ]kw-K-hn-jbw ap≥IqńØs∂ \n›-bn®v ]kn-

≤-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. F√m aX-ß-fp-sSbpw ]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ Xøm-dmbn

h∂p Xm¥m-ß-fpsS aX-Øns‚ A≤ym-]\w Bhn-jv°-cn-°p-

∂p. Bcy≥amcpw InkvXym-\n-Ifpw _“-k-am-P-°mcpw kn°p-

Imcpw B ]kw-K-th-Zn-bn¬ k∂n-ln-X-cm-Ip-∂p. Ckvemans‚

`mKØp \n∂v lZvdØv AlvaZpw(A) Hcp D]-\ymkw FgpXn

ka¿∏n-°p-∂p. Xs‚ B ]kwKw F√m ]kw-K-ß-sfbpw

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 229

AXn-P-bn-°p-sa∂v At±lw ap≥Iq´n hn⁄m-]\w aptJ\ ]kn-

≤-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. F∂n´v AXp-t]m-se-Ø-s∂, bYm¿∞-Øn¬

B D]-\ym-k-am-bn-cp∂p F√m-‰nepw anI-®-sX∂v iXp-°fpw

anX-ßfpw A\ycpw kz¥-°mcpw apkvenwIfpw AapkvenwIfpw

hmNm-I¿ΩWm kΩ-Xn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p!!

B D]-\ymkw Cw•o-jn¬ ]cn-`m-j-s∏-SpØn "So®nßvkv

Hm^v Ckvemw' F∂ t]cn¬ ]kn-≤o-Ir-X-am-bn-´p-≠v*. AXp-

ap-tJ\ ]m›m-Xy-tem-IØv Ckvemw aXw ]N-cn-∏n-°p∂ Imcy-

Øn¬ \ap°v hfsc klmbw kn≤n-®n--´p-≠v. bqtdm-∏n-sebpw

Ata-cn-°-bn-sebpw hnZz-÷\w B KŸw hmbn-°p-tºmƒ

A¬`p-X-]-c-X-¥-cm-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬

Ckvem-ans\ kw_-‘n®v kvt\-l-_-lp-am-\-ßƒ P\n°pIbpw

sNøp-∂p.

A`n-]mbw ]d-bm≥ tbmKy-cmb Nne Bfp-Iƒ B ]pkvX-

I-sØ-∏‰n ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn®n´p≈ A`n-]m-b-ß-fn¬ Nne-Xns‚

Npcp°w hmb-\-°m-cpsS Adn-hn-\mbn Xmsg tN¿Øp-sIm-≈p-

∂p. Zn kvtImSvkvam≥ ]d-bp-I-bmWv:˛

hnhn[ aX-ßsf kw_-‘n®v Xmc-X-ay-]T\w \S-Øp∂

P\-hn- mKw Cu KŸsØ Xo¿®bmbpw hf-sc-b-[nIw kzmKXw

sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv. Zn _nÃ¬ ssSwkv B‚ v and¿ Fgp-Xp∂p:˛

bqtdm-∏n-t\bpw Ata-cn-°-tbbpw Cu hn[w A`n-kw-t_m-

[\ sNøp∂ Bƒ Hcn-°epw kmam-\y-\m-bn-cn-°m≥ \nh-r-Øn-

bn-√. t_mÃ-Wnse kv]ncn-®¬ tP¿W¬ Fgp-Xp∂p:˛

Cu KŸw a\p-jy-k-ap-Zm-b-Øn\v kphntij-am-Wv.

Xntbmk-^n-°¬ _p°v t\m´vkv Cßs\ ]d-bp∂p:˛

Cu KŸw apl-ΩZv aX-Øns‚ G‰hpw anI-®Xpw G‰hpw

BI¿j-I-hp-am-sbmcp NnX-am-Wv. C¥y≥ dnhyq Fgp-Xp-I-

bmWv:˛

Cu KŸw hfsc ck-I-chpw kt¥m-j-k-µm-b-I-hp-am-Wv.

AXnse A`n-]m-b-ßƒ ]Im-i-ap-≈Xpw ⁄m\-k-ºq¿Æ-hp-

* ae-bm-f-Øn¬ "Ckvem-aX XØz-⁄m\w' F∂ t]cn¬ CXv ]kn-≤-am-bn-´p-≠v (]-km-[-I¿).

230 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

am-Wv. hmb-\-°m-cpsS hmbn¬ \n∂v Ahn-Nm-cn-X-am-bn-Øs∂

AXn-s\-°p-dn®v ]iwk ]pd-s∏-Spw. Ckveman-s\-°p-dn®v Adn-

bm-\m-K-ln-°p-∂-h-cpsS ssIønse√mw Cu KŸw D≠m-bn-

cn-t°-≠Xv AXym-h-iy-am-Wv. apkvenw dnhyq Fgp-Xp∂p:˛

Cu ]pkvXIw hmbn-°p-∂-h¿°v kXy-k-‘-amb AKm-

[hpw Aaq-eyhpw kPo-h-hp-amb A`n-]m-b-ßƒ AXn¬ Is≠-

Øm≥ Ign-bpw. AXv apkvenwIƒ°pw AapkvenwIƒ°pw Hcp

t]mse k¥pjvSn ]Zm\w sNøpw. Rßƒ i‡n-]q¿∆w Cu

KŸsØ ip]m¿i sNøp-∂p.

emtlm-dnse Kh¨sa‚ v tImtf-Pnse Cw•ojv ko\n-b¿

s]m^kv¿ an.- Pn.-F. hmUv\≥kv Cu KŸ-sØ-°p-dn®v C]-

Im-c-sa-gp-Xn. AXy-[nIw IuXp-I-tØm-Sp-IqSn B KŸw hmbn-

®p. AXv hmbn-°p-∂XpsIm≠v Ckvemans\ kw_-‘n®v

ssIkvXhtemIØv ]c-∂n-´p≈ sX‰mb[m-c-W-Iƒ Ht´sd

\oßp-sa∂v Rm≥ hnizkn-°p-∂p.

AlvaZnøm Pam-A-Øns‚ ]Nm-cW ]cn-iaw

C\n CkvemwaX -]-N-mc-W-Øn-\mbn lZvdØv AlvaZns‚

bpw At±-l-Øns‚ Jeo-^-am-cp-sSbpw `mKØp \n∂v sNbvXn-

´p-≈Xpw sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-amb s]mXp-]-cn-i-asØ

Npcp-°-Øn¬ hnh-cn-°mw. AXn-\n-S-bn¬ Hcp Imcyw ]d-tb-

≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. AlvaZnøm Pam-A-Øns‚ AwK-kwJy Cu

ka-bØv GXm\pw e£w hcp-sa-∂mWv Icp-X-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. ]t£,

Ia-]-Imcw klm-bn-°p-Ibpw kw`m-h\ \evIp-Ibpw sNøp-

∂-h-cpsS kwJy Xptemw Ipd-hm-bn-cp-∂p. IqSmsX, Pam-A-

Ønse AwK-ß-fn¬ alm-`q-cn-]-£hpw km[p-°-fm-bn-cp-∂p.

CSØc-°m¿ Ipdhpw [\-hm-∑m¿ A]q¿∆-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Cu

Zcn-Zm-h-ÿbpw Zp¿∫-e-Xbpw Cu Pam-AØv kXy-P-am-A-

ØmWv F∂-Xn-te°v Hcp sXfn-hm-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬, ssZhnI

]ÿm-\-ß-fn¬ Bcw-`-Øn¬ km[p-°fpw _e-lo-\-cp-amWv

tNcm-dp-≈-Xv. lZvdØv \qlns‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-sf-∏‰n iXp-°ƒ

F¥mWv ]d-™n-cp-∂-sX∂v t\m°p-I. Adm-Zn-ep\ _mZn-

b¿dAvbn \qlns\ ]n≥]-‰nbn-cn-°p-∂-h¿ Rß-fn¬\n∂p≈

\n m-c∑mcpw _e-lo-\-cp-am-Wv (hn.-Jp. 11:28). AXp-t]m-se-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 231

Øs∂ lZvdØv apl-ΩZp \_n(-k.-A) Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS A\p-

bm-bn-I-sf-∏‰n Ah¿ _e-lo-\cpw km[p-°-fp-amtWm AX√

]_-ecpw [\-hm∑m-cp-amtWm F∂v tdmw NI-h¿Øn-bmb

ln¿J¬ tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ A_q-kp^vbm≥ adp-]Sn ]d-™Xv

_¬ fp-A-^m-Dlpw˛ Ah¿ km[p-°fpw _e-lo-\-cp-amWv

F∂m-bn-cp-∂p (_p-Jm-cn). Npcp-°-Øn¬, ssZhnI]ÿm-\-ß-

fn¬ XpS-°-Øn¬ km[p-°fpw _e-lo-\cpw A[n-I-ambn tNcp-

I-sb-∂Xv ssZhnIN´-am-Wv. ]am-Wn-I-fp-sSbpw hen-b-h-cp-

sSbpw Dugw HSp-hn-emWv hcp-∂-Xv. [\-hm∑m¿ km[p-°-sf-

°mƒ hfsc ]n∂n-em-bnt´ kz¿§-Øn¬ ]th-in-°p-I-bp-≈q-

sh∂v Cukm-\-_nbpw ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. CXn-e-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂

cl-ky-sa-s¥-∂m¬, H∂m-a-Xm-bn, [\-hm≥am¿ Xß-fpsS kpJ-

ku-I-cy-ßsf Dt]-£n-°m≥ Xøm-dn-√m-Ø-h-cm-Wv. \nc-h[n

]bm-k-ßfpw ]e hn[-Øn-ep≈ XymK-ßfpw kXy-hn-izm-k-

Øn\pw k¬°¿Ω-Øn\pw Bh-iy-am-Wv. kº-∂sc kw_-

‘n®v Ah-cpsS s]cp-a, kpJ-tem-ep-]-Xzw, BUw-_-tc-—, aX-

sØ kw-_-‘n-®p≈ Ai≤ F∂nh ssZhn-I-]-ÿm-\-Øn¬

tNcp-∂-Xn\v Ah¿°v hen-sbmcp XS- -am-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.

IqSmsX, kXy-]-ÿm-\-Øn¬ BZy-amZyw km[p-°ƒ tNcp-∂-

Xp-sIm-≠v, Cu ]hr-Øn-sb√mw Xs‚-Xm-sW∂pw Xm≥X-s∂-

bmWv AXv \S-Øp-∂-sX∂pw temI-Øn\v ImWn®p sImSp-

°p-I-sb-∂Xpw A√m-lp-hns‚ C—-bm-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬, B

PamAØns‚ FÆw Xptemw ]cn-an-X-hpw, AXnse AwK-ßƒ

an°-hmdpw km[p-°fpw _e-lo-\-cp-am-bn-cn-°p∂ Ah-ÿ-bn¬,

B tijn-bn-√mØ sIm®p Pam-AØp [\-hm≥am-cp-sSbpw ]_-

e≥am-cp-sSbpw hºn® kaq-l-ßƒ°p-t]mepw sNøm≥ Ign-

bmØ ]hr-Øn-Iƒ sNbvXp ImWn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Xo¿®-

bmbpw AXp temI-Øn\v Hcp AS-bm-f-am-bn-cn-°pw. Rß-fptSXp

ssZhn-I-amb N´-]-ImcwXs∂ km[p-°-fpsS Hcp sNdnb Pam-

A-Øm-Ip-∂p.

C\n \ap-°v, lZvdØv AlvaZpw(A) At±-l-Øns‚ Jeo-

-amcpw CkvemwaXw ]N-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn sNbvXn- p-≈Xpw

sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-amb ]bXv-\-ß-sf-°p-dn®v Npcp-°-

Øn¬ hnh-cn-°mw.

232 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

H∂m-a-Xm-bn, Ckvemans‚ tkh-\-Øn-\mbn Xm≥ \ntbm-

Kn-X-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v A√m-lp-hn‚ ]°¬\n∂v Adn-hp-In-

ń-b-t∏mƒ lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) D¿Zp-hnepw Cw•o-jnepw Hcp

hn⁄m-]\w Xøm-dm-°n. AXns‚ 20,000 tIm∏n-Iƒ A®-Sn-∏n-

°p-Ibpw C¥y-bnepw bqtdm-∏v, Ata-cn° apX-emb h≥I-c-I-

fnepw hnX-cWw sNøp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xm≥ Ckvemans‚ tkh-

\-Øn-\mbn \ntbm-Kn-X-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw B¿s°-¶nepw

Ckvemans‚ kXy-sØ-°p-dn®v kwi-btam AXns‚ kn≤m-¥-

ß-sf-°p-dn®v Bt£-]tam Ds≠-¶n¬ AXv Xs‚ apºmsI

D∂-bn-°p-∂-]£w AXv ]cn-l-cn®p sImSp-°m-sa∂pw AXn\p

klm-b-I-ambn ssZhn-I-amb AS-bm-f-ßƒ ImWn®psImSp-°m-

sa∂pw At±lw B hn⁄m-]-\-Øn¬ hnfw-_-c-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-

cp-∂p. AXn-\p-tijw At±lw Xs‚ ]hrØn Bcw- n-®p. GXp

hn[-Øn-em-bn-cp∂p hnhn[ aX-ÿ-cp-ambn At±lw hnhmZw

\S-Øn-sb-∂-Xns‚ Npcp-°-am-sbmcp hnh-cWw apI-fn¬ \evIn-

°-gn-™n-´p-≠v. At±lw Xs‚ Pohn-X-Imew apgp-h\pw ka-c-

Øns‚ ap∂-Wn-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p Ign®pIqń-b-Xv. Hcp Xf¿∂ `S-

s\-t∏mse Bbp[w am‰n-sh®p kzev] ka-b-sa-¶nepw hni-an-

®n-´p≈ Hcp Imew At±-l-Øns‚ Pohn-X-Øn¬ D≠m-bn-ń-

s√∂v iXp-°ƒt]mepw kΩ-Xn-°p-∂p-≠v. Blm-c-\o-lm-cm-

Zn-Iƒ°p-th≠n kabw If-tb≠n hcp∂Xn¬ X\n°v ZpxJ-ap-

s≠∂pw Pohn-X-Imew lkz-am-b-Xp-sIm≠v B kabwIqSn

aX-tk-h-\-Øn-\p-th≠n hn\n-tbm-Kn-°m≥ Ign-™n-cp-∂p-sh-

¶n¬ \∂mbn-cp-∂p-sh∂v Xm≥ BK-ln-°m-dp-s≠∂pw ]e-

t∏mgpw At±lw ]d-bm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. At±lw al-Øm-sbmcp

eLp-teJ cNn-®p-sIm-≠n-cnt° A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂p≈ ktµiw

hcp-Ibpw Xs‚ bYm¿∞ t]a-`m-P-\-tØmSv sN∂p-tN-cp-I-bp-

amWv sNbvX-Xv. B sNdp KŸw A]q¿Æ-am-bn-Øo¿∂-Xp-

sIm≠v At±-l-Øns‚ th¿]mSv ka-cm-h-ÿ-bn-emWv kw`-hn-

®-sX∂v temI-Øn\v a\- n-em°ns°mSp-°m≥ A√mlp Dt±-

in-®n-´p-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww. At±lw 80-˛¬]cw KŸßƒ cNn-°p-

I-bp-≠m-bn. NneXv _rl-XvK-Ÿ-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p. IqSmsX

At\Iw eLp-te-J-Ifpw At±lw ]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v.

At±-l-Øns‚ KŸ-ßƒ A[n-Ihpw D¿Zp-`m-j-bn-em-Wv. Ad-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 233

_n-`m-j-bn-ep-ap-≠v. Ah Atd-_y, CuPn-]vXv, kndnb ê-

kvXo≥ apX-emb cmPy-ß-fn¬ hnX-cWw sNøp-Ibpw sNbvXn-

cn-°p-∂p. GXm\pw KŸ-ßƒ t]¿jy≥ mj-bn-ep-ap-≠v. At±-

l-Øns‚ KŸ-ß-fn¬ aX-km-ln-Xy-Øns‚ Hcp imJbpw AK-

Wy-am-°-s∏-ń-ń-√. Hcp `mKØv At±lw \ne-hn-ep≈ a‰p aX-

ßpsS A_≤ kn≤m-¥-ßƒ Xpd-∂p-Im-´p-Ibpw adp-`m-KØv

Ckvem-ans‚ kXyhpw AXns‚ DXv°r-jvS-Xbpw hnh-cn®p

ImWn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. apkvenwIƒ°n-S-bn¬ ]c-∂p-

h-im-bn-´p≈ A_-≤-[m-c-W-Ifpw sX‰mb hnizm-k-ßfpw Xncp-

Øp∂ Imcy-Ønepw kz¥w Pam-A-Øns‚ [m¿Ωn-Ihpw B≤ym-

fln-I-hp-amb \ne-hm-c-ap-b¿Øp∂ Imcy-Ønepw At±lw th≠p-

thmfw i≤ sNep-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. At±-l-Øns‚ Pohn-X-Im-e-

Øp-Xs∂ JmZn-bm-\n¬\n∂v aq∂v D¿Zp ]X-ßfpw aq∂v D¿Zp

amkn-I-Ifpw Hcp Cw•ojv amkn-Ibpw Ia-]-Imcw ]kn-≤o-I-

cn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. AXn¬ Cw•ojv amkn-I-bmb dnhyp Hm^v

dnen-Py≥kns‚ Imcy-£-a-X-sb-∏‰n Hcp-bq-tdm-]y≥ ]ptcm-ln-

X≥ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-®n-´p≈ A`n-]mbw CXmWv:˛

Cu amknI AXns‚ t]cn\v tbmPn® \ne-bn¬Øs∂

]h¿Øn-°p-∂p-≠v. Fs¥-∂m¬ aX-ß-fpsS hn]p--e-am-sbmcp

hrØsØ AXv AXns‚ ]hrØn ]cn-[n-bn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øp-

Ibpw aX-te-J-\-ß-fpsS hn]p-e-am-sbmcp hrØ-Øn¬

ho£Ww sNep-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. DZm-l-c-W-am-bn, k\m-X-

\-[¿Ωw, Bcy-k-am-Pw, _“-k-am-Pw, Xntbm-k-^n, kn°p-a-

Xw, _p≤-a-Xw, ssP\-a-Xw, k¿X-jvØp-a-Xw, _lm-bn-a-Xw,

InkvXp-a-Xw, ssIkvXh hn⁄m\w apX-em-b-h-sb-∏-‰n-sb√mw

AXv N¿® \S-Øp-∂p-≠v. AXp-t]m-se-Øs∂ Ckvemans‚

]g-bXpw ]pXn-b-Xp-amb A\p-bm-bn-I-fmb inbm, AlvselZo-

kv, Jzmcn-Pn, kq^n F∂n-hcpw C°m-esØ ]_-e≥am-cmb

k¿ kønZv AlvaZvJm≥, kønZv Aao-den apX-em-b-hcpw

AXns‚ hna¿i-\-]-cn-[n-bn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p-≠v. (A-lva-Znøm

aqhvsa‚ v, F®v.-F. hmƒ´¿ Fw.-F, t]Pv 17).

AtX amkn-I-sb-∏‰n Ata-cn-°-°m-c-\mb G. Adq_v Fgp-

Xp-I-bmWv:˛ ""Cu amkn-I-bnse teJ-\-ßƒ BflnI kXy-

ß-fpsS bp‡n-]q¿∆hpw D÷z-e-hp-amb hymJym-\-ß-fm-Wv.''

234 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

djy-bnse kp]-kn≤ KŸ-Im-c-\mb Iu≠v tSmƒ tÃmbn

]d-bp-∂Xv C]-Im-c-amWv:˛ ""Cu amkn-I-bpsS ho£Ww hfsc

Kuc-h-ap-≈Xpw kXy-k-‘-hp-am-Wv.''

F≥ssk-t¢m-]o-Unb Hm^v Ckvemans‚ ][m\ FUn-

‰¿ s]m^-k¿ lmhn‰vkva Fgp-Xp-I-bmWv:˛ ""Cu amknI

Atß-b‰w lrZ-bm-h¿÷-I-am-Wv.''

dnhyqkv Hm v e≠≥ Cßs\ ]d-bp∂p:˛ ""bqtdm-∏n-tebpw

Ata-cn-°-bn-tebpw P\-ß-fn¬ apl-Ω-Zp-a-X-tØmSv Xmev]-cy-

ap-≈-h-sc√mw Cu amknI hcpØn hmbn-t°-≠Xv AXym-h-

iy-am-Wv.''

Ata-cn-°-°m-cnbmb an v l¨Sv Fgp-Xp-I-bmWv:˛ ""Cu

amkn-I-bpsS Hmtcm e°hpw Atß-b‰w lrZ-bm-h¿÷-I-amWv

Ckvemans\ kw_-‘n®v C°m-eØv ]cn-jvIr-X-sc∂p ]d-b-

s∏-Sp∂ P\-ßƒ temIØv ]c-Øn-bn- p≈ Zp¿≤m-c-W-Iƒ AXv

\o°w sNøp-∂p'' (hn-i-Zo-I-c-W-Øn\v dnhyq Hm^v dneo-Py≥kv

t\m°p-I).

Cu amkn-I-sb-∂-t]mse AlvaZnøm Pam-A-Øns‚ hI-

bmbn ]pd-s∏-Sp∂ a‰p amkn-I-Ifpw ]X-ßfpw AX-Xns‚ ]cn-

[n-bn¬ Ckvemwa-X-tk-h\w \n¿∆-ln®p sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂p.

lZvdØv AlvaZns‚(A) \ncym-W-Øn\p tijw Pam-A-Øn-

\p-≠mb hf¿®-b-\p-k-cn®v aX-kw-_-‘-amb amkn-Im-]-X-ß-

fpsS FÆhpw h¿≤n®p sIm≠n-cp-∂p. lZvdØv AlvaZns‚

(A) ImeØv tIhew Hcp Kmaw amX-am-bn-cp∂ JmZn-bm-\n¬

C∂v ]e D¿Zp A®-Sn-im-e-Ifpw ]h¿Øn®p hcp-∂p. IqSmsX

At\Iw Hm^o-kp-Iƒ, aZvd-k-Iƒ F∂n-hbpw aX-hn-⁄m-\-

Øn\v ]pdsa Ad_nhn⁄m-\hpw \ho\ hn⁄m-\-ßfpw ]Tn-

∏n-°p-Ibpw aX-]-Nm-c-Isc hm¿sØ-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøm-\p≈

kwhn-[m-\-ßfpw ÿm]n-X-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

C¥y-bnse hnhn[ kwÿm-\-ß-fnepw Rß-fpsS ap_-

√n-Kp-am¿ \nb-an-X-cm-bn- p-≠v. C¥y°v ]pdØv Cw•-≠-n¬ Rß-

fpsS anj≥ ]h¿Øn®p sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂p. AhnsS Hcp ]≈n

]Wn-bn®p Ign-™n-cn-°p-∂p. Ahn-SsØ anj≥ apJm-¥cw \qdp-

I-W-°n¬ Cw•o-jp-Im¿ CkvemwaXw kzoI-cn-®n-´p-≠v. Ata-cn-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 235

°-bn¬ Rß-fpsS anj≥ ÿm]n-°-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. Ahn-sSbpw

Ht´sd P\-ßƒ CkvemwaXw kzoI-cn-®n-´p-≠v. sXs° Ata-

cn-°-bnepw Rß-fpsS anj≥ ÿm]n-°-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. samtd-jy-

knepw Rß-fpsS anj≥ D≠v. AhnsS i‡n-a-Øm-sbmcp Pam-

AØv ÿm]n-X-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Cdm≥, CuPn-]vXv, e-kvXo≥,

kndnb F∂o cmPy-ß-fnepw RßfpsS anj-\p-I-fp-≠v. B anj-

\p-I-fpsS tPmen, apkvenwIƒ°n-S-bn¬ h∂p IqSn-bn- p≈ sX‰p-

[m-c-W-Ifpw A‘-hn-izm-k-ßfpw AI-‰n, icn-bmb Ckvemw

]Tn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠v, Ahsc D≤-cn-°p-I-bm-Ip-∂p. Rß-fpsS anj-

\p-Iƒ ]›n-am-^n-°-bnse ss\Po-cn-b-bnepw tKmƒUp-tI-

Ãnepw kndm-en-tbm-Wn-ep-ap-≠v. Ahn-S-ß-fnse hnK-lm-cm-[-

I∑m-cnepw InkvXym-\n-I-fnepw CkvemwaXw AXn-th-K-Øn¬

]c∂p sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Bbn-c-°-W-°n-em-fp-Iƒ AlvaZnøØv

AXm-bXv bYm¿∞ Ckvemw kzoI-cn®p Ign-™n-cn-°p-∂p. Pmh-

bnepw kpam-X-bnepw Rß-fpsS hºn® anj-\p-Iƒ hnP-b-

]q¿∆w ]h¿Øn®p sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Hcp anj≥ aebmbn-ep-

≠v. P∏m-\nepw ssN\-bn-epw Rß-fpsS anj-\p-I-fp-≠v. kvs]bn-

\nepw C‰-en-bnepw lwK-dn-bnepw Rß-fpsS anj-\p-I-fp-≠v.

A^vKm-\n-ÿm-\n¬ aX-kzm-X-¥-an-√m-Xn-cp-∂n´pw Bbn-c-°-W-

°n¬ AwK-ß-fp≈ Pam-AØv AhnsS ÿm]n-X-am-bn-´p-≠v.

Cdm-Jnepw Cdm-\nepw Rß-fpsS Bƒ°m¿ X_veoKv

]h¿Ø\w \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. CXn-\p-]p-dsa Ckvemw

aX-]-Nm-c-Wm¿∞w hnhn[ mj-I-fn-embn \qdp-°-W-°n¬ KŸ-

ßƒ ]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-≠v. Ah-bn¬ NneXv hfsc Db¿∂-

X-c-Øn¬s∏-´-h-bm-Wv. iXp-°fpw anX-ßfpw Hcp-t]mse

Ahbv°v AwKo-Imcw \evIn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ]m›mXy cmPy-ß-

fnse 9 `mj-I-fn¬ hnip≤Jp¿-B≥ ]cn-`m-j-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-

≠n-cn-°p-∂p-≠v*.

CXmWv lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)s‚bpw At±-l-Øns‚

sIm®p Pam-A-Øn-s‚bpw aX-]-Nm-c-th-e-bpsS cXv\-®p-cp-°w.

F∂m¬ CsXX alØm-sbmcp ]hr-Øn-bmWv? A√m-lp-

* Aao-dp¬ apA-van-\os‚ Iogn¬ 209 cm„-ß-fn¬ Alva-Znøm Pam-AØvC∂v Ckvem-anI ]Nm-cWw \S-Øn-h-cp-∂p. 70 mj-I-fn¬ hnip-≤-Jp¿-Bs‚X¿Pa ]kn≤o-I-cn-®n- p-≠v. A¬lw-Zp-en-√m-lv. (]-km-[-I¿)

236 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

hns‚ Ir]-bm¬ Zn\w-]-Xn-sb-t∂mWw B ]hrØn hn]p-e-

ambns°m≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Hcp `mK-Øv, Ct∏mgpw

ssii-h-Zi Ign-™n-´n-√mØ B ]hr-Øn t\m°p-I. adp-`m-

KØp AlvaZnøm Pam-AØpw a‰p≈ apkvenwIfpw XΩn-ep≈

hyXym-k-hpw t\m°p-I. Xß-fpsS kwJy \mev]tXm AºtXm

tImSn-bm-sW∂v apkvenwIƒ hmZn-°p-∂p. Ah-cn¬ cmPm-°≥am-

cp≠v; henb henb cmPy-ß-fpsS ]kn-U-≠p-am-cp≠v; e£-]-

`p-°fpw tImSo-iz-c≥am-cp-ap≠v; henb henb hym]m-cn-Ifpw

hyh-km-bn-I-fp-ap≠v; Ipt_-c≥am-cp≠v; aX-]-fin-X≥amcpw

temI-hn-⁄m-\n-Ifpw kmt¶-XnI hnZ-Kv≤∑m-cp-ap-≠v. kwJym-

_-e-am-sW-¶n¬ Fgp-t∂-‰m¬ Pe-]-hmlw IWs° temIw

apgp-h≥ ]c-°m≥ Ign-bp-am-dp-≈-X-bp-≠v. adp- m-KØv Rß-fpsS

sIm®p Pam-A-Øv. Rß-f-Xns‚ kwJy ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬

P\-ßƒ Nncn®p If-bpw. AhcpsS [\-ÿn-Xn-bm-sW-¶n¬ 75

iX-am-\-am-fp-Ifpw \nXym-≤zm\Øm¬ Pohn-X-Øn-\p≈ hI I„n-

]n-„n-bmbn kºm-Zn-°p-∂-hcpw, GXm\pw Znhkw tcmK-Øn-e-

I-s∏-Sp-Itbm tPmen sNøm≥ Ign-bm-Xm-hp-Itbm sNøp-∂-

]£w IpSpw-_-tØmsS ]´nWn InS-t°≠n hcp∂-h-cp-am-Wv.

Cu Ah-ÿ-bn¬ B sIm®p Pam-A-Øns‚ Cu ]hr-Ønbpw

B hºn® P\X aX-]-Nm-c-W-Im-cy-Øn¬ ImWn-°p∂ Ae-

k-Xbpw XΩn¬ Fs¥mcp Xmc-X-ay-am-Wp-≈Xv? Ah-cm-sW-

¶n¬ CkvemwaX-tk-h-\-Øns‚ t]¿ t]mepw ad-∂p-t]m-bn-cn-

°p∂p! hmb-\-°m¿ \oXn-]q¿∆w Btem-Nn®p t\m°-s´.

A\ym-`n-]m-b-ßƒ

C\n lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)s\ kw_-‘n®v Nne A\lvaZn

apkvenwIfpw Nne AapkvenwIfpw ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-®n-´p≈ A`n-

]m-b-ßƒ°qSn ChnsS D≤-cn®psIm≠v Cu hnjbw Ah-km-

\n-∏n®psIm≈mw. H∂m-asØ A`n-]mbw At±-l-Øns‚

"_dmlos\ AlvaZnøm' F∂ KŸw ]cn-tim[n-®p-sIm≠v

auehn apl-ΩZv lpkbv≥ kmln_v _´m-ehn ]I-Sn-∏n-®-Xm-

Wv. At±lw Xs‚ ]X-Øn¬ Fgp-Xp-I-bmWv:

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 237

""Fs‚ A`n-]m-b-Øn¬ Cu KŸw (l-ZvdØv AlvaZns‚

_dm-los\ AlvaZnø) C∂sØ ÿnXnK-Xn-Iƒ ap≥\n-dpØn

t\m°p-tºmƒ CXp-hsc Ckveman¬ ]kn-≤o-Ir-X-am-bn-´p≈

KŸ-ß-fn¬ Xpey-X-bn-√m-Ø-Xm-Wv. `mhnsb kw_-‘n®v ]d-

bpI km[y-a-√. CXns‚ I¿Øm

hv Ign-™p-t]mb apk¬am≥am-cn¬ XpeyX ImWm≥ Ign-bm-

Ø-hn[w [\w-sIm≠pw Bflm-hp-sIm≠pw t]\-sIm≠pw \mhp-

sIm≠pw ]hr-Øn-sIm≠pw Pohn-X-co-Xn-sIm≠pw Ckveman\p

tkh\w sNøp-∂-Xn¬ ssÿcy-ap≈ Bfm-sW∂v sXfn-™n-

cn-°p∂p. Fs‚ Cu hmIy-ßƒ Gjy≥ AXn-i-tbm-‡n-bmbn

Bsc-¶nepw Icp-Xp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ah¿ Ckvemans‚ iXp-

°sf ]tXy-In-®v, Bcy-k-am-P-°m-scbpw _“-k-am-P-°m-scbpw

CX i‡n-a-Ømb \ne-bn¬ t\cn-Sp∂ Hscm‰ KŸ-sa-¶nepw

F\n-s°m∂v ImWn-®p-X-c-s´.; Ckvemans‚ klm-b-Øn-\mbn

[\w-sIm≠pw Bflm-hp-sIm≠pw t]\sIm≠pw \mhp-sIm≠pw

]hr-Øn-sIm≠pw klm-bn-°p-Ibpw Ckvemans‚ iXp-°-

sfbpw C¬lm-ans\ \ntj-[n-°p-∂-h-scbpw Xs‚ apºmsI

h∂p ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ ImWp-hm≥ CX ]ucp-j-tØmSpw B¿÷-

h-tØmSpw IqSn sh√p-hn-fn-°p-I-bpw, AØcw Zrjv-Sm-¥-ßƒ

A\y-P-\-ßƒ°v ImWn-®psImSp°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p≈ c≠v

\mem-fp-Isf F\n°v Nq≠n-°m-Wn®p Xcn-Ibpw sNø-s´....

""KŸ-Im-c≥ Fs‚ \m´p-Im-c-\m-Wv. F∂p amX-a√ sNdp-

∏-Im-e-Øv, JpØv_nbpw idlvap√mbpw ]Tn®psIm≠n-cp-∂-

t∏mƒ At±lw Fs‚ kl-]m-Tn-Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. A∂p-ap-X¬

C∂p-hsc At±-l-hp-ambn Rm≥ IØn-S-]mSpw IqSn°m-gvNbpw

icn°v \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. AXn-\m¬ At±-l-Øns‚

ÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ F\n°v \∂mbn Adn-bm-sa∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xns\

Hcp AXn-i-tbm-‡n-bmbn IW-°m-°m≥ ]mSp-≈-X-√. _dm-

los\ AlvaZn-øm-bpsS I¿Ømhv apk¬am≥am-cpsS A`n-am\w

ImØp-c-£n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Ckvemans‚ iXp-°sf hyh-ÿm-]n-

X-amb \ne-bn¬ [oc-X-tbmsS sh√p-hn-fn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Ckvem

ans‚ kXy-sØ-°p-dn®v B¿s°-¶nepw kwi-b-ap-s≠-¶n¬ Ah-

tcmSv Xs‚ ASp-°¬ hcm-\m-h-iy-s∏-´p-sIm-≠p≈ Blzm\w

temI-Øns‚ \m\m-`m-KØpw At±lw FØn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

238 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

ssZh-ta, At\z-jn-°p-∂-h¿°v hgn-Im-Wn-°p-∂-ht\! \o

At±-l-Øn\v \ns‚ ]°¬ \n∂v, At±-l-Øns‚ ]nXm-°-

fn¬ \n∂pw temI-Øp≈ F√m A\p-I-ºn-I-fn¬ \n∂p-sa-∂-

Xn-tesd Ir] sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-Ømepw! \o Cu KŸ-sØ-°p-dn-

®p≈ kvt\lw P\-lr-Z-b-ß-fn¬ P\n-∏n-®mepw! AXns‚ e-

ßƒsIm≠v Ahsc kº-∂-cm-°n-bmepw! \ns‚ GsX-¶nepw

]pWym-flmhv aptJ\ ]m]nbpw hn\o-X-\p-amb Cubp-≈-hs\

\ns‚ Ir]-sIm≠pw kΩm-\ßƒsIm≠pw ]tXy-In®v Cu KŸ-

Øns‚ ê-ßƒsIm≠pw A\p-K-ln-®mepw! Bao≥ (C-im-

AØv kp∂Øv, hmfyw 6, e°w 7; hmfyw 7, e°w 11 t\m°p-I).

æÖ¡…šÚàÒªŒ]ÖÓ†]ÝÞ’ngº

lZvdØv AlvaZns‚(A) `mK-Øp-\n∂v ako-ln-ø-Øns‚

hmZw ]pd-s∏- -t∏mƒ CtX auehn apl-ΩZv lpkbv≥ kmln_v

_´m-e-hn-bmWv F√m-h-cnepw aptº Ip^vdns‚ ^Xvhbpw

sIm≠v \mńs‚ \m\m-`m-KØpw HmSn\S∂v lZvdØv AlvaZn

s\∏‰n Z÷m¬, Im^n¿, ap¬ln-Zv, ap¿X±v Fs∂ms° Bt£-

]n-®Xv F∂ hkvXpX ChnsS kvac-Wo-b-am-Wv.

hgn-bn-ep≈ hyXymkw t\m°p-I. AXv GXp apX¬ GXp-

h-sc-bm-bn-Øo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p.

ChnsS D≤-cn-°p∂ c≠m-asØ A`n-]mbw Aar-X- dn-

se kp]-kn≤ ]X-amb h°o-en-s‚-Xm-Wv. lZvdØv AlvaZns‚

(A) \ncym-WsØ ]cm-a¿in-®p-sIm≠v B ]Xw ]d-bp-I-bmWv:-

""At±lw hen-sbmcp Bfm-bn-cp∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ t]\

B`n-Nm-chpw \mhv a¥-hm-Z -hp-am-bn-cp∂p. At±lw _p≤n-

]-c-amb A¬`p-X-ß-fpsS tIZm-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚

ZrjvSn hnπ-hm-fl-Ihpw i_vZw ]f-b-Im-l-f-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p. At±-

l-Øns‚ hnc-ep-Ifn¬ ]cn-h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ Iºn-Iƒ tIm¿°-

s∏-ń-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ c≠v apjvSn-Iƒ hnZyp-—-‡n-bpsS

c≠v _m‰-dn-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p. At±lw aX-tem-I-Øn\v 30 sIm√-

°mew qI-ºhpw sImSp-¶m-‰p-am-bn-cp-∂p. At±lw Jnbm-a-Øns‚

Iml-f-am-bn-s°m-≠v, Dd-ßn-°n-S-°p-I-bm-bn-cp--∂-hsc DW¿Øn-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 239

s°m-≠n-cp-∂p. At±-l-anXm shdpw ItømsS aS-ßn-t∏m-bn-cn-

°p-∂p*. an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv kmln_v JmZn-bm-\n-bpsS th¿

]mSv ]mTw ]Tn-°m-Xn-cn-°-Ø° H∂-√. aX-tem-IØpw _p≤n-

tem-IØpw ]cn-h¿Ø-\-ap-≠m-°p∂ AØcw Bfp-Iƒ F√m-

bn-t∏mgpw temIØv hcm-dn-√...

""an¿km kmln-_ns‚ Cu Hu∂Xyw \nan-Øw, At±-l-

Øns‚ Nne hnizm-k-ß-sf-∏‰n `n∂m-`n-]m-b-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-´p-

Iq-Sn-bpw, At±-l-Øns‚ hntbm-K-Øn¬ Hcp alm-hy-‡n-bmWv

Xß-fn¬\n∂v th¿s]- p-t]m-b-sX∂pw AtXm-sSm∏w Ckveman

s‚ iXp-°ƒs°-Xn-cmbn Ckveman\pth≠n \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂Xpw

At±-l-Øns‚ hy‡n-Xz-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-´-Xp-amb B al-

Ømb ]Xn-tcm-[-Øns‚ Ah-km-\-sa-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw

apkvenwIƒ°v, AsX A`n-⁄cpw Nn¥m-io-e-cp-amb apk

venwIƒ°v a\- n-em-bn- p-≠v. Ckvemans‚ iXp-°ƒs°-Xn-cmbn

hntP-Xm-hmb Hcp ]S-\m-b-Is‚ I¿Øhyw \nd-th-‰n-sb∂

At±-l-Øns‚ hnti-jX ta¬]-d™ A`n-]mbw Xpd∂p ]d-

bm≥ Rßsf \n¿_-‘n-°p-∂p.

""an¿km kmln-_ns‚ `mKØp\n∂v InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°pw

Bcy-k-am-P°m¿°p-sa-Xn-cmbn Bhn-jv°-cn-°-s∏- n- p≈ kmln-

Xy-ßƒ s]mXp-P-\-k-Ω-X-Øns‚ _ncpZw t\Sn-°-gn-™-h-bm-

Wv. At±lw Xs‚ ISa ]q¿Øn-bm-°nb Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬

B kmln-Xy-Øns‚ ta≥abpw al-Øzhpw lrZ-b-]q¿∆w \mw

kΩ-Xn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. InkvXp-a-XØns‚ t\¿°p≈ At±-

l-Øn-s‚ ]Xym-I-aWw B aX-Øn\p `c-W-Øns‚ XWen-

em-bn-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v kn≤n-®n-cp∂ kzm[o-\-i-‡nsb amXa√˛

bYm¿∞-Øn¬ B kzm[o\i‡n-bpsS Poh≥ c-W-am-bn-cp∂p

˛ InkvXp-a-XØns‚ Poh-s\-Ø-s∂bpw XI¿ØpIf-™n-cn-

°p-∂p.

Npcp-°-Øn¬, an¿km-km-ln-_ns‚ Cu tkh\w `mhn-X-

e-ap-d-Isf `mcn® D]-Im-c-Øn\p A[o-\-cm-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

At±lw t]\-sIm≠v kacw sNøp-∂-h-cpsS ap∂-Wn-bn¬

* sh-dp-w ssItøm-sSsbs-∂-¥n\p ]d-bWw? At±lw k∑m¿§-am-Ip∂ kΩm-\-hp-ambn hcp-Ibpw `‡ym-Z-c-ßfpsS A¿®-\bpw sIm≠pt]m-hp-I-bmWvsNbvX-Xv.

240 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

\n∂p-sIm≠v Ckveman-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ ]Xn-tcm[ I¿Øhyw

\n¿∆-ln-®p. apk¬am≥am-cpsS knc-I-fn¬ Poh-c‡w \ne-

\n¬°p-t∂-S-tØmfw Imehpw Ckvem-ans\ klm-bn-°m-\p≈

Bthiw Ah-cpsS kmaq-lnI-e-£-W-Øns‚ ssNX-\y-ambn

ImW-s∏Sp-t∂-S-tØmfw Imehpw hne-a-Xn-°-s∏-Sp∂ kmln-

Xy-amWv At±lw Xs‚ kvac-W-bv°mbn hn´pw sh®p t]mb-Xv.

CXn-\p-]p-dsa Bcy-k-am-P-°m-cpsS hnj-∏-√pIƒ XI¿Øp-

sIm≠v an¿km kmln_v Ckveman\v ]tXy-I-amb tkh\w

sNbvXn- p-≠v. mhn-bn¬ \ΩpsS ]Xn-tcm-[-Øns‚ ]h¿Ø\w

FX-Xs∂ hn]p-e-am-bn-cp-∂mepw Bcy-k-am-Pn-Iƒs°-Xn-cm-

bp≈ At±-l-Øns‚ IrXn-Isf AK-Wy-am-°pI km[y-a-s√-

∂p≈ hmZ-Øn\v B IrXn-IƒXs∂ ]Xy-£-amb sXfn-hm-Wv.

kzm`m-hn-I-amb [nj-Wm-i-‡n, ]cn-N-bw, ]SpXzw XpS¿®-

bmb hmZ-]-Xn-hmZw F∂nh an¿km kmln-_n\v ]tXy-I-am-

sbmcp ÿm\w D≠m-°n-bn-´p-≠v. kz¥w aX-Øn\p ]pdsa a‰p-

≈ aX-ß-fpsS taepw At±lw hfsc hn]p-e-amb ho£Ww

sNep-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øn\v Xs‚ A-dn-hp-Iƒ FXbpw

`wKn-bmbn D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ Ign™ncp-∂p. FXn-cmfn FX-

Xs∂ ka¿∞t\m GXv Xc-°m-ct\m GXv aX-°m-ct\m Bbn-

s°m-≈-s´, At±-l-Øns‚ kap-Nn-X-amb DØcw tI´m¬ Xo¿®-

bmbpw Abmƒ Nn¥m-\n-a-·-\m-bn-Øo-cp∂Xm-Wv. AXbv°pw

]mS-h-amWv X_veoKv ]h¿Ø\w sIm≠v At±-l-Øn\v kn≤n-

®n-cp-∂-Xv. C¥y C∂v aX-ß-fpsS Hcp ]Z¿i-\-im-e-bm-Wv.

sNdpXpw hep-Xp-amb At\-I-a-X-ßƒ ChnsS ImWp-hm≥ Ign-

bpw. Ah-sb√mw At\ym\yw a’-cn-®p-sIm≠v Ah-bpsS

AkvXnXzw ]Jym-]n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. temI-

sØ-hn-sSbpw CXn-s\mcp XpeyX ImWm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. Xm≥

Cu aX-ßƒs°√mw hn[n-I¿Ømhpw \oXn-am-\p-am-sW-∂mWv

an¿km-km-ln_v hmZn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬, Hcp Imcy-Øn¬ kwi-

b-an-√˛ Cu hnhn[ aX-ßƒs°-Xn-cmbn Ckvemans‚ ta≥a

ÿm]n-°p∂ Imcy-Øn¬ At±-l-Øn\p ]tXy-I-amb ]mS-h-

ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. CX-t±-l-Øns‚ kz`m-hn-I-amb kma¿∞y-Øn-

s‚bpw ]T-\-hm-©-bp-sSbpw ]cn-io-e-\-Øn-s‚bpw ^e-am-Wv.

Xs‚ sFiz-tcyN Cu hn[w a-X-]-T-\-Øn-\p-th≠n hn\n-tbm-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 241

Kn® CX DXv°r-jvS-\m-sbmcp hy‡n C¥y-bnse aX-cw-K-Øv

`mhn-bn¬ D≠m-Ip-sa∂v Bin-°m≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√. (h-°o¬,

1908, Pq¨ e°w).

ChnsS tN¿°m≥ hnNm-cn-°p∂ aq∂m-asØ A`n-]mbw

U¬ln-bnse tI¿k≥ K-k‰n -s‚-Xm-Wv. AXns‚ A[n-]-

cmb an¿km lbvdØv kmln_v Zlvehn, lZvdØv Alva

Zns‚(A) \ncym-WsØ ]c-am¿in-®p-sIm≠v FgpXpI-bmWv:˛

""]tc-X≥ InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°pw Bcy-k-am-P-°m¿°p-sa-Xn-

cmbn Ckveman\pth≠n sNb-vXn-´p≈ DXv°r-„amb tkh-\-

ßƒ Atß-b‰w ]iwkb¿ln-°p-∂-h-bm-Wv. At±lw aX-

hm-Z-Øns‚ NnXwXs∂ am‰nhc-bv°p-Ibpw C¥y-bn¬ ]pXn-

sbmcp kmln-Xy-Øns‚ AkvXn-hm-c-an-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-

∂p. FX-h-enb ]mXncn-bm-bn-cp-∂mepw icn ]tc-X-s\-Xn-cn¬

hmXp-d-°m≥ Abmƒ i‡-\m-bn-cp-∂n-s√∂v Hcp apk¬am-s\∂

\nebne-√, Hcp Kth-j-I-s\∂ \ne-bn¬ kΩ-Xn®p]d-bm≥

Rm≥ \n¿_-‘n-X-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂p..... At±lw ]©m-_p-Im-c-\m-

bn-cp-s∂-¶nepw At±-l-Øns‚ t]\bv°v AX-ta¬ i‡n-bp-

≠m-bn-cp-∂p, apgp-h≥ ]©m-_n-se-∂p-th-≠, DØ-tc-¥y-bn¬

Xs∂ AX ]_-e-\mb Hcp Fgp-Øp-Im-c-\n-√... At±-l-Øns‚

D∂X kmlnXyw AXns‚ ]Z-hn-bn¬ tIhew ]pXp-a-bp-≈-

XmWv; AXnse Nne `mK-ßƒ hmbn-°p-tºmƒ B\-µhpw

Bth-ihpwsIm≠v el-cn-]n-Sn-°p-∂p... At±lw \mi-Øns‚

]h-N-\-ßƒ, FXn¿∏p-Iƒ, A[n-t£-]-ßƒ F∂n-h-bpsS

Xobn¬IqSn Xs‚ am¿§sØ sh´n-Øp-d-∂p-sIm≠v A`n-hr-≤n-

bpsS D®w ]m]n-®p'' (tI¿k≥ Kk-‰v, 1908 Pq¨ 1).

C¥y-bnse Hcp kp]-kn≤ Cw•ojp]X-amb Ae-l-_m-

Znse ]b-\n-b-dns‚ A`n-]m-b-amWv Xmsg tN¿°p-∂Xv:˛

Ign™ImesØ Ckvdm-tb-¬ ]hm-N-I∑m-cn¬ Bsc-

¶nepw ta¬tem-I-Øp-\n∂v aS-ßn-h∂v C°m-eØv `qan-bn¬

]Nm-cWw \S-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬, Cu Ccp-]Xmw \q‰m-

≠nse ]cn-X-ÿn-Xn-bn¬ an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv JmZn-bm-\nsb

AXn-ibn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√... At±-l-Øns‚ ]mfin-Xy-sØ-°p-

dn®v Hc-`n-]mbw ]d-bm-\p≈ tijn Rßƒ°n-√. F¶nepw

242 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

Xs∂-∏-‰nbpw Xs‚ hmZ-sØ-∏-dnbpw an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv

kmln-_n\v Hcn-°epw bmsXmcp kwi-b-hp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-s√∂v

Rßƒ°dn-bmw. X\n°v ssZh-Øn¬\n∂v shfn-]m-Sp-≠m-Ip∂p

F∂ Imcy-Ønepw X\n°v Akm-[m-c-W-amb i‡n-hn-tijw

\evI-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂ Im-cy-Ønepw At±-l-Øn\v ]cn-

]q¿Æhpw \n¿Ω-e-hp-amb hnizm-k-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p... temI-aX-

cw-K-Øv Fs¥-¶n-ep-samcp Ne-\-ap-f-hm-°n-bn- p≈ Bfp-Iƒ Ah-

cpsS ]Ir-Xn-bn¬ Cw•-≠nse tem¿Uv _nj-∏n-t\m-sS-∂-Xn-

tesd an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv kmln-_n-t\mSv kmay-ap-≈-h-cm-

Wv. kp]-kn≤ ^©p-N-cn-X-Im-c-\mb GWÃv d\m¨ Ign™

20 sIm√-°mew C¥y-bn-em-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ \n›-b-ambpw an¿km

kmln-_ns‚ ASp-°¬ t]mhp-Ibpw At±-l-Øns‚ ÿnXn-K-

Xn-Iƒ ]Tn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXns‚ e-ambn Ckvdm-

bo¬ ]hm-N-I∑m-cpsS Akm-[m-c-Whpw A¤p-Xm-h-l-hp-amb

ÿnXn-K-Xn-I-fn¬ ]pXn-sbmcp shfn®w hoip-am-bn-cp-∂p. GXm-

bmepw Ft∏mgpw temIØv hcm-dn-√mØ Bfp-I-fn¬s∏´ Hcm-

fmWv JmZn-bm-\nse \_n.

C¥y-bnse ssh.-Fw.-kn.F bpsS skI´dnbm-bn-cp∂ an.

F®v.F hmƒ´¿ Fw.-G. AlvaZnøm aqhvsa‚ vv F∂ Xs‚ KŸ-

Øn¬ Fgp-Xp-I-bmWv:˛

an¿km kmln_v Xs‚ kzm`m-h-Øn¬ efn-Xhpw hnim-

e-hp-amb hnIm-c-ßƒ ]Xn- -en-∏n-®n-cp-∂p-sh∂ kwKXn F√m

hn[-Ønepw sXfn-™n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. iXp-°-fn¬ \n∂p-≠mb

ITn-\-amb FXn¿∏n\pw tZml-Øn-\p-sa-Xn-cmbn At±lw

ImWn® [¿Ω-[o-cX \n›-b-ambpw ]iw-km¿l-am-Wv. Im¥-

Øn-s‚-Xp-t]m-ep≈ BI¿j-W-i-‡nbpw at\m-l-c-amb

k¬kz-`m-h-hp-ap≈ Hcmƒ°-√msX XymK-k-∂-≤-cmb P\-ß-

fpsS kvt\lhpw A\p-k-c-Whpw Cu hn[w kºm-Zn-°m≥

Ign-bp-I-bn-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ At±-l-Øns‚ injy≥am-cn¬ Npcp-

ßn-b-]£w c≠p t]¿ Xß-fpsS hnizm-k-Øn-\p-th≠n A^v

Km-\n-ÿm-\n¬ Poh≥ _enbm-°n. F∂m¬, Ah¿ an¿km

kmln-_ns\ ssIsøm-gn-°m≥ Iq´m-°n-bn-√.. an¿km kmln_v

ac-W-s∏ v F´p-sIm√w Ign-™-Xn-\p-tijw 1916˛¬ Rm≥ JmZn-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 243

bm-\n¬ sN∂-t∏mƒ, C¥y-bnse a‰p apk¬am∑m-cn¬ ImWm≥

Ign-bm-Ø-hn-[-Øn¬ aX-Øn-\p-th-≠n bYm¿∞hpw i‡n-a-

Øp-amb Bthiw Dƒs°m-≈p∂ Hcp Pam-A-Øn-s\-bmWv F\n-

°-hnsS ImWp-hm≥ Ign-™-Xv. Hcp apk¬am-\p-≠m-bn-cn-t°≠

kvt\l hnizm-k-ß-fpsS Poh≥˛ AXv a‰p≈ apk¬am∑m-

cn¬ At\z-jn-°p-∂Xv hrYm-hn-em-Wv lZvdØv AlvaZns‚(A)

Pam-A-Øn¬ [mcm-f-ap-s≠∂v JmZn-bm-\n¬ sN√p∂ GsXm-

cmƒ°pw a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bpw.

akolv auDu-Zns‚ aq∂m-asØ ZuXyw

akolv auDu-Zns‚ aq∂m-asØ ZuXyw \jvS-s∏-´p-t]mb

kXy-hn-izmkw ho≠pw temIØv ÿm]n-°pI F∂-XmWv.

AXm-b-Xv, At±-l-Øns‚ ImeØv bYm¿∞-amb kXy-hn-

izmkw temI-Øp-\n∂v A¥¿≤m\w sNbvXn-cn-°pw. F∂m¬

At±-l-aXv ho≠pw temIØv Xncn-®p-sIm≠p-h-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. temI-

Øp-\n∂v bYm¿∞-Øn¬ kXy-hn-izmkw A¥¿≤m\w sNbvXn-

cn-°p-∂p F∂ ImcysØ]‰n \mw th≠n-S-tØmfw Fgp-Xn-°-

gn-™n-cn-°p-∂p. AXn-hnsS Bh¿Øn-t°≠ Bh-iy-an-√.

F∂m¬, ChnsS IqSp-X-embn Nne Imcy-ßƒ ]d-bmw. kXy-

hn-izm-k-sØ-∏‰n hmZn-°p-I-sb-∂Xpw bYm¿∞-Øn¬ kXy-

hn-izmkw D≠m-bn-cn-°p-I-sb-∂Xpw c≠m-sW-∂Xv ]Xy-£-

am-Wv. apk¬am∑m-cm-sW∂p ]d-b-s∏-Sp∂ 40 tImSn P\-ßfpw

Xßƒ kXyhnizm-kn-I-fm-sW∂p hmZn-°p-∂-h-cm-Ip-∂p.

F∂m¬, B hmZw FX-tØmfw icn-bm-sW-∂-dn-b-W-sa-¶n¬

ÿnXn-K-Xn-I-sf-∏‰n Nn¥nt°≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

kXy-hn-izm-k-Øns‚ Ahÿ

lZo-Yn¬ ]d-bp∂p: kXy-hn-izm-k-Øns‚ BZysØ L´w

CXmWv: kXy-hn-izmkn Poh-t\msS Xobn¬ Fdn-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv

CjvS-s∏-Sp-sa-¶nepw Ah≥ kzoI-cn® kXy-Øn¬\n∂v ]n¥n-

cn-bp-hm≥ Hcp-ßp-∂-X-√ -(an-ivIm-Øv, InXm-_p¬ Cuam≥).

hnip≤Jp¿-B\n¬ A√mlp ]d-bp-∂Xv C]-Im-c-amWv:

244 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

Rßƒ hniz-kn-®n-cn-°p∂p F∂v B _Z-hn-Iƒ ]d-bp-

∂p. F∂m¬ ]d-bpI: \nßƒ hnizm-k-hmZw ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°-cp-

Xv. \nßƒ CkvemwaXw kzoI-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v amXw ]d-

bp-I. Fs¥-∂m¬ kXy-hn-izmkw CXp-hscbpw \nß-fpsS

lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ IS-∂n-´n-√ (hn.-Jp. 49:15).

ChnsS kXy-hn-izm-k-sa-∂m¬ F¥v F∂ Hcp tNmZyw

D¬ -hn-°mw. AXn-\p≈ DØ-c-an-Xm-Wv. a\p-jy\v Fs¥-¶nepw

Hcp hkvXp Cµn-b-tKm-N-c-am-b-Xn-\p-tijw D≠m-Ip∂ ]Xo-

Xn°v Xpey-amb A\p-`-h-⁄m\w A√m-lp-hns‚ KpW-ßƒ

I≠-dn-™-Xn-\p-tijw Ahs\ kw_-‘n-®p-≠m-Ip∂ am\-kn-

I-amb Ah-ÿ-bv°mWv kXy-hn-izmksa∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xv. DZm-

l-c-W-ambn a\p-jy≥ Ahs‚ ]nXm-hns\ I≠m¬ AX-hs‚

]nXm-hm-sW∂v X¬£Ww Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂p. Xs‚ aIs\

I≠m¬ AXv Xs‚ aI-\m-sW∂pw DS-\Sn Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂p.

kqcys\ I≠m¬ AXv kqcy-\m-sW∂v s]s´∂v Kln-°p-∂p.

AtX-]-Imcw Ah\v A√m-lp-hn-s\-°p-dn®pw hnizm-k-ap-≠m-

I-Ww. AXm-bXv Npcp-ßn-b-]£w, ssZhm-kvXn-Xz-sØ-∏-‰n,

Xs‚ ]nXm-hntem ]pX-\ntem kqcy-\ntem D≈-Xp-t]mse

hnizm-k-Zm¿Vyw Ah-\p-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww. A√m-lp-hns\ kw_-

‘n-®p-≈ hnizmkw Cu \ne-bn¬ \n∂v Ipd-™-Xm-sW-¶n¬

AXv hnizm-k-am-bn-cn-°n-√, BNm-c-]-c-ambn hnizmk-sa∂p Icp-

X-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp kwi-bm-hÿ amX-am-bn-cn-°pw. AXn-\m-emWv

lZoYn¬ C]-Imcw ]d-bp-∂Xv:

Ÿmˆ]Þo]Öˆ]ÞounàmˆÞoæâçÚ©ÚàºæŸ

EÚŠ×ÜD mŠ†ÑunàmŠ†ÑæâçÚ©Úà

Hcp kXy-hn-izm-knbpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-bm-bn-cn-°p∂ Ah-

ÿ-bn¬ hy`n-N-cn-°p-I-bn-√. Hcp kXy-hn-izm--knbpw kXy-hn-

izm-kn-bm-bn-cn-°p∂ Ah-ÿ-bn¬ tam„n°p-I-bn-√ -(_p-Jm-

cn, InXm-_p¬ lpZq-Zv).

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 245

GsXmcp Ah-ÿ-bn¬ a\p-jy≥ ]m]-ß-fn¬\n∂v

\nt»jw AI-∂n-cn-°p-∂pthm B Ah-ÿ-°mWv kXy-hn-izm-

k-sa∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv F∂ Imcyw CXn¬\n∂v hy‡-am-Ip-∂p.

AXm-bXv kXy-hn-izm-k-Øns‚ Ah-ÿ-bn¬ Hcmƒ ]m]w

sNøp-I-sb-∂Xv kw`-mhy-a-√*. Cu Imc-W-Øm-emWv lZvdØv

AlvaZv(A) ]m]-Øns‚ XØzw ]Xn-]m-Zn-®p-sIm-≠v, ]m]w

ZrV-hn-izm-k-an-√m-bva-bn¬\n∂p-≠m-Ip-∂-Xm-sW∂pw ZrV-hn-

izmkwsIm≠v Zqc-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-sW∂pw Du∂n-∏-d-™n-´p-≈-Xv.

a\p-jy≥ bYm¿∞hpw ]cn-]q¿Æ-hp-amb hnizm-k-ap-≈-h-\m-

* ChnsS Hcp kwibw DZn-°p-∂p. AXm-b-Xv, Hcmƒ bYm¿∞ kXy-hn-izm-

kn-bm-Ip-∂-Xn\p ]m]-ß-fn¬\n∂v Hgn-™n-cn-t°-≠Xv AXym-h-iy-am-sW-¶n¬

]hm-N-I-∑m-c-√msX a‰mcpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fm-bn-cn-°m≥ ]mSn-s√∂p hcpw.

Fs¥-∂m¬, bYm¿∞-Øn¬ ]m]-ß-fn¬\n∂v kpc-£n-X-cm-b-h¿ ]hm-N-I-

∑m¿ amX-am-Wv. F∂m¬, adp-`m-KØv lZo-Yn¬ C≥ k\m hC≥ k-dJ

F∂ hN-\hpw Im◊m-\p-≠v. AXm-b-Xv, Hcp kXy-hn-izm-kn°v Ah≥ h√-

t∏m-gp-sams° CS¿®-]-‰n-b-h-\m-bn´v hy`n-N-cn-°p-Itbm Ifhv sNøp-Itbm

sNbvXp-t]m-sb-¶n¬Ø-s∂bpw A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v am∏v kºm-Zn-°m≥ Ign-

bpw. Hcp kXy-hn-izmkn ]m]-Øn\v hnt[-b-\m-bn-Øo-cm-hp-∂-Xm-sW∂pw CXv

c≠n¬\n∂pw hy‡-am-Ip-∂p-≠v. Cu kwi-b-Øn-\p≈ DØcanXm-Wv. Hcp

bYm¿∞ kXy-hn-izm-kn°v h√-t∏mgpw CS¿®-]‰n Abmƒ ]m]-Øn-te°v

Nen-®p-sh∂p hcmw. F∂m-epw, bYm¿∞ kXy-hn-izmkw Hcmsf ]m]-

Øn¬\n∂v c£n-°p-sa∂ bYm¿∞hpw kXy-hp-amb hnizm-k-ap≈ Hcmƒ

]m]w sNøp-I-bn-s√∂p≈, apI-fn¬ Rm≥ ]d™ XØzw icn-X-s∂-bm-Wv.

hmkvX-h-an-XmWv: a\p-jy-\n¬ kzm`m-hn-I-amb Nne _e-lo-\-X-I-fp-≠v. X∂n-

anØw Nne kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ Ah∂v CS¿® ]‰n-t∏m-Ip-∂p. F∂m¬, ]cn-

]q¿Æ-\mb Hcp kXy-hn-izm-kn, AXm-bXv, ]hm-N-I\pw a‰p≈ km[m-cW

hnizm-kn-Ifpw XΩn¬ Hcp hyXym-k-ap-≠v˛ ]hm-N-I≥ F√m ka-bØpw

kXy-hn-izm-k-Øn¬ Dd-®p-\n-ev°pw. Hcp \nan-j-t\-cw-t]mepw At±-l-Øns‚

hnizm-k-Øn-t∑¬ A‘-Im-c-Øns‚ ad hoWp AXns\ Iogvs∏-Sp-Øp-I-bn-

√. F∂m¬, Hcp km[m-cW kXy-hn-izm-kn, bYm¿∞-amb hnizm-k-ap-≈-Xn-

t\m-Sp-Iq-Sn-Øs∂ Xm¬°m-en-I-ambn A‘-Im-c-Øns‚ ad-bn¬ s]´p-t]m-Ip-

Ibpw X∂n-anØw Ah\v Imen-S¿® ]‰p-Ibpw sN-øp-∂p. Ahs‚ Cu CS¿®

Xm¬°m-enIw amX-am-bn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬, X¬£-Ww-Xs∂ Ah≥ Fgp-t∂‰p

A√m-lp-hns‚ apºn¬ \nh¿∂p-\n-ev°p-∂p. Nne-t∏m-sg√mw Ipfºp aSßn

ap´p IpØm-dp≈ Hcp \√ IpXn-c-tbmSv Ahs\ D]-an-°mw. B IpXnc hogp-

I-bn-√. ap´p-Ip-Ønb DS≥Xs∂ Fgp-t∂‰v khm-cn-°m-cs\ c£n-°p-∂p.

F∂m¬, Nne IpXn-c-Iƒ \√-h-bm-bn-cn-°pw. Ah Ipfºv IS-°p-Itbm ap´p-

Ip-Øp-Itbm sNøp-I-bn-√. as‰m-cp-hn-[-Øn¬, Nne-t∏m-sgms° Dd°w Xqßn

246 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

bn-cn-°p∂ Ah-ÿ-bn¬ ]m]-Øn\v hnt[-b-\m-hpI kw`-mhy-

a-s√∂v At±lw Bh¿Øn-®m-h¿Øn®p ]kvXm-hn-®n- p-≠v. Hcp

amf-Øn¬ ]mºp-s≠∂ ZrV-hn-izm-k-ap≈ Ah-ÿ-bn¬ h√-

hcpw AXn-\-IØv ssIbn-Sptam? Hcp \n_nVh\-Øn¬ ]pen-

bp-s≠∂v t_m[y-ap-≠m-bn-cnt° h√-hcpw AXn¬ IS∂p

sN√ptam? hogm≥ t]mhp-I-bm-sW-∂p-d-∏p≈ Hcp ho´n¬ h√-

hcpw Xma-kn-°m-s\m-cp-ßptam? amc-I-amb hnj-am-sW-∂-dn-™p-

IÆ-S-®p-t]m-Ip∂ Hcp \√ Imh¬°m-c-t\mSv Ahs\ D]-an-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

F∂m¬, Ah≥ DS-\Sn IÆp-Xp-d∂v DW-cp-∂p. km[m-c-W-ambn Ah≥ hfsc

Djmdpw i≤-bp-ap≈ Imh¬°m-c-\m-Wv. F∂m¬, ]hm-N-I-∑m-cm-Is´ Xß-

fpsS Uyq´n-bn¬ Hcn-°epw Dd-°w-Xq-ßmsX F√m ka-bØpw PmK-cq-I-Xbpw

i≤bpw sNep-Øp∂ Imh¬°m¿°v Xpey-am-Wv. aq∂m-a-sXm-cp-Iq-´-cp-≠v.

Ah¿ F√m-bvt∏m-gp-a-s√-¶n¬ an°ka-bØpw Dd-ßn-s°m-≠p-X-s∂-bm-bn-cn-

°pw. AXv Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS hn`m-K-am-Wv. IpXn-c-bpsS DS-asb ap≥\n-dp-

Øn-s°m-≠m-sW-¶n¬ HmSp-tºmƒ ASn-°Sn Ipf-ºp-IpØn hogp-Ibpw AXns‚

khm-cn-°m-cs\ ]cn-t°-ev]n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ IpXn-c-bpsS Iq´-Øn¬

Ahsc Dƒs∏-Sp-Øm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Hcp kXy-hn-izm-kn-bpsS bYm¿∞-amb

Ahÿ ]m]-ß-fn¬\n∂v AI-∂n-cn-°pI F∂-Xm-sW∂pw F∂m¬, h√-

t∏m-gp-sam-s°, Ah≥ Dd°w Xqßn IÆ-S-®p-t]m-Ip-sa∂pw Cu DZm-l-c-

Wß-fn¬\n∂v hy‡-am-Ip-∂p. Ah≥ IÆ-S-®p-t]m-Ip-∂Xv Ahs‚ hnizm-

k-Øn-t∑¬ Xmev°m-en-I-ambn A‘-Im-c-Øns‚ ad hogp-tºm-gm-Wv. AXn-

\m¬, c≠p ]kvXm-h-\-Ifpw AXns‚ ÿm\-ß-fn¬ icn-bm-Wv. AXm-b-Xv,

bYm¿∞-amb kXy-hn-izmkw Hcmsf ]m]-Øn¬\n∂v c£n-®p-\n-dp-Øp-sa-

∂Xpw Hcp kXy-hn-izm-kn-bpsS AS-bmfw km[m-c-Wm-h-ÿ-bn¬ Abmƒ

]m]-Øn¬\n∂v Hgn-™n-cn-°p-sa-∂-Xm-sW-∂Xpw icn-bm-Wv. AXp-t]m-se-

Xs∂ adp-`m-KØv h√-t∏m-gp-sams° Hcp kXy-hn-izm-kn°pw CS¿® ]‰n-tb-

°m-sa-∂Xpw icn-bm-Wv. F∂m¬, B CS¿® tIhew Xmev°m-enIw amX-am-

bn-cn-°pw. AXn-\p-tijw DS-\Sn Abmƒ t\¿°m-hp-Ibpw sNøpw. Cu hymJym-

\-]-Imcw Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS apI-fn-ep-≤-cn® c≠p ]kvXm-h-\-I-fn¬ ImW-

s∏´ sshcp≤yw \oßp-∂-Xm-Wv. AXm-b-Xv, Hcp mK-Øv, kXy-hn-izm-kn-bm-

bn-cn-°p∂ Ah-ÿ-bn¬ Hcmƒ hy`n-N-cn-°p-Itbm tam„n-°p-Itbm sNøp-

∂-X-s√∂p ]d-™Xpw adp-`m-KØv Hcp kXy-hn-izmkn h√-t∏m-gp-sams°

CS¿® ]‰n-b-Xm-bn v hy`n-N-cn-°p-Itbm tam„n-°p-Itbm sNbvXp-t]m-sb-¶n¬

Abmƒ°v A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v am∏v kºm-Zn-°m≥ Ign-bp-sa∂v ]d-™Xpw

]c-kv]cw FXn-c-√. Fs¥-∂m¬, BZy-tØXv bYm¿∞hpw ÿnc-hp-amb

Ah-ÿ-sb-bmWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. c≠m-a-tØXv h√-t∏mgpw A‘-Im-c-

Øns‚ ad-bn¬ s]Sp-I-bm¬ Hcp kXy-hn-izm-kn-°p-X-s∂bpw t\cn-t´-°m-

hp∂ Xm¬°m-en-Ihpw bmZr-›n-I-hp-amb CS¿®-tb-bpw. F∂m¬, AXn-\p-

tijw Hcp kXy-hn-izmkn Djm-dmbn t\¿h-gn-bn-em-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. ^^vlap

hX-Z∫dp.

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 247

sIm≠v hnj-Øns‚ tIm∏ h√-hcpw Npt≠m-S-∏n-°ptam? Hcn-

°-ep-an-√. F∂n-cnt° ssZh-ap-s≠∂pw Ahs‚ tIm]w Xs‚

Pohs\ IØn®p `kva-am-°n-°-f-bp∂ A·n-bm-sW∂pw ZrV-

ambn hniz-kn-®p-sIm≠v Hcmƒ°v Fßs\ ]m]-Øn-te°v

hgpXn hogm≥ Ignbpw? AXn-\m¬ ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂v c£-s∏-

Sm≥ BK-ln-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ bYm¿∞hpw ZrV-hp-amb hnizm-

k-ap-≠m-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. Aßs\ sNbvXm-e-√msX ]m]-

Øn¬ \n∂v Hgn-™p-\nev°m≥ B¿°pw km[n-°p-I-bn-√.

A√m-lp-hns‚ ASp-°¬ kzoIm-cy-ambncn°p∂ bYm¿∞-

amb kXy-hn-izm-khpw Hu]-Nm-cn-I-amb kXy-hn-izm-khpw

XΩn¬ FX-tØmfw hyXym-k-ap-s≠∂v Ct∏mƒ hmb-\-

°m¿°p a\- n-em-bn-cn-°mw. Hcmƒ apkvenw Krl-Øn¬ P\n-

°p-∂p. A√m-lp-hns‚ t]¿ sNdp∏w apX¬t° Ahs‚ ImXn¬

]Xnbp-∂p. AXns‚ ^e-ambn B t]¿ Ah≥ ]Tn-®p-h-im-Ip-

∂p. B t]cp-ambn Ah≥ X∂-Øm≥ _‘-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw

sNøpw. Nne-t∏m-sg√mw B t]cn-\p-th≠n Ah≥ A`n-am\w

ImWn-°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv. B t]cns\ kw_-‘n®v Ahs‚ lrZ-b-

Øn¬ Hcp b-∏m-Sp-≠m-hp-Ibpw sNøpw. B b-∏mSv ]m]-Øn¬

\n∂v Hgn-™p-\nev°m\pw k¬°¿Ω-ßƒ sNøm\pw Ah\v

Nne-t∏mƒ t]c-I-am-tb-°mw. F∂m¬, AXv bYm¿∞-amb

kXy-hn-izm-k-am-hp-I-bn-√. t\sc-a-dn®v, Hu]-Nm-cnI hnizm-kta

Bbn-cn-°p-I-bp-≈q. Imc-Ww, B _‘hpw A`n-am-\hpw B

`b-∏mSpw t]c-W-bp-sa√mw Ahs‚ lrZ-b-Øn¬ ÿnc-am-

sbmcp t_m[-sa∂\ne-bn¬ \ne-\nev°p-∂-X-√. A\p-`-h-

Øns‚ shfn-®-Øn-ep≈ t_m[-sa∂\ne-bn¬ ]cn-X-xÿn-XnI-

fm¬ Hu]-Nm-cn-I-ambn D≠m-bXpw h√-t∏m-gp-sams° aßnb

shfn®wt]mse civan ]pd-Øp-Im-´p-∂-Xp-amb Hcp hnNmcw

amXamWXv. Cu Ah-ÿ-bn¬ Abmƒ icn-bmb A¿∞-Øn¬

kXy-hn-izm-kn-sb∂p hnfn-°-s∏-Sm≥ A¿l-\-√. F¶n-epw,

kXy-hn-izmknbm-Im-\p≈ km[yX Abm-fn¬ Xo¿®-bm-bp-ap-

≠v. B km[y-X-sIm≠v kXy-hn-izm-k-am-Ip∂ sI´nSw ]Wn-

bm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. ]t£, Hu]-Nm-cn-I-ambp≠mb B t_m[-Øn\p

]pdsa Dƒ°-Æp-sIm≠v A√m-lp-hns‚ AkvXn-XzsØ I≠-

dn-™-Xp-t]m-se, Ahs\ kw_-‘n®p kPo-h-amb Hcp hnizm-

248 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

kw, Cu ÿqe-tem-IsØ a‰p hkvXp-°sf kw_-‘n-®p≈

hnizm-k-Øn\p Xpey-amb hnizm-kw, Abm-fn¬ D≠m-bn-Øo-

cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ amXsa Abmƒ Hcp kXy-hn-izmknbmsW∂p

]d-bm≥ Ign-bq.

Npcp-°n-∏-d-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, km[m-c-W-bmbn temIØv

kXy-hn-izm-k-sØ-∏‰n ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°m-dp≈ hmZw H∂m-a-Xv,

a‰p≈hsc ImWn-°m≥ th≠n-bp≈ H∂m-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬

Xs‚ lrZbw kwi-b-ßƒ \nd-™-Xm-sW∂v B hmZn-°-dn-

bmw. c≠m-aXv, Abmƒ kwi-bn-°msX Xm≥ bYm¿∞ kXy-

hn-izm-kn-bm-sW∂v a\- n-em-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬Xs∂ Hu]-Nm-cn-

I-amb hnizm-k-Øn\v A[o-\-\m-b-Xp-sIm-≠mWv Aßs\ a\-

n-em-°p-∂-Xv. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Abm-fpsS lrZbw kXy-hn-

izm-k-Øn¬ ASn-bp-d-®-X-√. Abmƒ kzbw h©n-X-\m-bn-cn-

°p-I-bm-Wv. Xs‚ ÿnXn-sb-∏‰n Nn¥n-°p-∂-]£w Xs‚

hnizmkw tIhew Hu]-Nm-cn-I-amb H∂m-sW∂v ]e-t∏mgpw

Abmƒ°v t_m[y-am-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.

aq∂m-asØ Ahÿ a\p-jy≥ Hu]-Nm-cn-I-amb hnizm-k-

Øns‚ ]cn-[n-bn¬ \n∂v Db-cp-I-sb-∂-Xm-Wv. AXm-bXv kz¥w

Nn¥-bpsS ^e-ambn Abmƒ A√m-lp-hns\ kw_-‘-n® Hcp

hnizm-k-Øn¬ FØn-t®-cp-Ibpw ssZhw D≠v F∂ hkvXpX,

tcJ-I-fm¬ X\n°v t_m[y-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂p Icp-Xp-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. F∂m¬, Cu Ah-ÿ-bnepw Ah≥ bYm¿∞ kXy-

hn-izmkn Bbn-Øo-cp-∂-X-√. Imc-Ww, GsXm-∂ns\ Ah≥

kXy-hn-izm-k-am-sW∂p Icp-Xp-∂pthm AXv A√m-lp-hn-ep≈

hnizm-k-a-√. A√mlp D≠m-bn-cn-°Ww F∂ A`n-]m-b-Øn-

ep≈ hnizm-kta Bhp-I-bp-≈q. AXm-bXv, Cu ]]-©-Øn\v

Hcp k„mhpw \nb-¥mhpw D≠m-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂ A\p-am-\-

Øn¬ _p≤n-]-c-amb sXfn-hp-I-fm¬ Ah≥ FØn-t®-cp-∂p.

Cu A\p-am\w sIm≠p-amXw Xm≥ A√m-lp-hns\ ]m]n-®p-

sh∂pw A√m-lp-hn¬ hniz-kn-®p-sh∂pw Ah≥ hnNm-cn-°p-

Ibpw sNøp-∂p. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Ah≥ A√m-lp-hns\ ]m]n-

®n-t´-bn-√. Ah\v eœ-am-bXv GsX-¶n-ep-samcp ssZhw D≠m-

bn-cn-°-W-sa∂ A`n-]mbw amX-am-Wv. F∂n-´v, Ahn-th-I-

Ømtem ip≤m-fl-I-Xz-Ømtem A√m-lp-hns\ ]m]n-°p-Ibpw

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 249

sNøp-∂p. F∂m¬, bYm¿∞-Øn¬ A√m-lp-hns\ ]m]n-°p-

Ibpw A√mlp "D≠v' F∂v Ah\v Dd-∏m-hp-Ibpw sNbvsX-

¶n¬ amXsa A√m-lp-hns\ ]m]n-s®∂pw A√m-lp-hn¬ hniz-

kn-s®∂pw ]d-bm≥ Ign-bq. AXm-b-Xv, "D≠m-bn-cn-°Ww' F∂

ÿm\Øp\n∂v ]ptcm-K-an®v "D≠v' F∂ ÿm\Øv FØn-t®-

cp-Ibpw A\p-`-h-Øn¬ A√m-lp-hns\ ]m]n-°p-Ibpw thWw.

AXns‚ A¿∞w A\p- -h-Øn¬ ssZhm-kvXnXzw Ah\v tKmN-

c-am-sb∂pw Xs‚ ]nXm-hn-s\tbm aI-s\tbm kqcy-s\tbm

as‰-s¥-¶nepw ÿqe-h-kvXp-hn-s\tbm ImWp-∂-Xp-t]mse Xs‚

Bflob ZrjvSn-sIm≠v A√m-lp-hns\ Ah≥ I≠p-sh-∂p-am-

Wv. kXy-hn-izm-k-Øns‚ \mem-asØ Ah-ÿ-bm-bn´p thWw

AXns\ IW-°m-°p-hm≥. A√mlphns‚ ]°epw Ahs‚

]hm-N-I≥am-cpsS ]°epw kXy-hn-izm-k-sa∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv

AXm-Wv. a\p-jy≥ Xobn¬ ]Xn-°m≥ CjvS-s∏-´mepw kXy-

hn-izmkw ssIhn-Sp-I-bn-s√∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv AØcw hnizm-k-

sØ-∏-‰n-bm-Wv.

Aßs\ hnizm-k-Øn\v \mev Ah-ÿ-I-fp-≠v. H∂m-a-tØXv

]I-S-\m-flIw. c≠m-a-tØXv Hu]-Nm-cnIw. aq∂m-a-tØXv

A√mlp D≠m-bn-cn-°Ww F∂ ]Z-hn-bn-ep≈ hnizm-kw. \mem-

a-tØXv ssZhw D≠v F∂ ]Z-hn-bn-ep≈ hnizm-kw. Cu HSp-

hn¬ ]d™ hnizm-k-amWv bYm¿∞-amb kXy-hn-izm-kw.

as‰mcp hn[-Øn¬ ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ H∂m-a-tØXv I]-S-hn-

izm-khpw c≠m-a-tØXv A‘-hn-izm-khpw aq∂m-a-tØXv XØz-

-⁄m\]c-amb hnizm-khpw \mem-a-tØXv bYm¿∞ kXy-hn-

izm-k-hp-am-Wv. as‰mcphn[-Øn¬ AXns\ Cßs\ Xcw-Xn-cn-

°mw. H∂m-a-tØXv sshap-Jy-Øns‚ Ah-ÿ. c≠m-a-tØXv

Ai-≤-bpsS Ah-ÿ. aq∂m-a-tØXv At\z-j-W-Øns‚ Ah-

ÿ. \mem-a-tØXv ]m]vXn-bpsS Ah-ÿ.

C\n, apk¬am∑m-cn¬ FX-t]¿ bYm¿∞-amb kXy-hn-

izm-k-Øn¬ Dd®p \nev°p-∂-h-cp-s≠∂v ]cn-tim-[n-°mw.

apkvenwIsf∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cn¬ hen-sbmcp hn`mKw

BZysØ c≠v Ah-ÿ-I-fn¬ Dƒs∏-´-h-cm-sW∂p ]d-bm≥

km[n-°pw. Npcp°w t]¿ aq∂m-asØ Ah-ÿ-bn¬ Id-ßn-

s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv. AXn-\-∏pdw Bscbpw ImWp-I-bn-√.

250 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

km[m-c-W-°msc F¥n\v ]d-bWw? a-X-Øns‚ IpØ-Im-

h-Im-in-I-fmbn Na-™-hcpw P\-ß-fn¬ kXy-hn-izm-k-ap-≠m-

°m≥ _m[y-X-s∏-´-h-cp-amb De-am-°ƒX-s∂bpw H∂m-a-

sØtbm c≠m-a-sØtbm Ah-ÿ-bpsS Ccp-´n¬ AI-s∏-´-h-

cm-Wv. ]pXnb shfn-®-Øns‚ A`n-em-jn-I-sf∂p ]d-b-s∏-Sp∂

kzX-¥-Nn-¥-I≥am-cn¬s]´ GXm\pw Nnesc aq∂m-asØ Ah-

ÿ-bnepw Is≠-Øn-sb∂p hcmw. F∂m¬, De-am-°-fn¬\n∂v

h-√-h-tcbpw B Ah-ÿ-bn¬ ImWp-I-sb-∂Xv ]bm-k-am-Wv.

Cu Imcy-Øn¬ h√-h¿°pw kwi-b-ap-s≠-¶n¬ Ah¿ De-am-

°fpsS ÿnXn-sb-∏‰n t\cn-s´mcp At\z-jWw \SØn t\m°-

s´. lZvdØv AlvaZns‚(A) hmZ-Øn\paptº apkvenw De-am-

°-fn¬ Nne hnip-≤≥amcpw ]pWym-flm-°-fp-ap-≠m-bn-cn-∂p-sh-

∂Xv t\cm-Wv. F∂m¬, Ah¿ H∂p-In¬ At±-l-Øns‚

injyXzw kzoI-cn-°p-Itbm As√-¶n¬ At±-l-Øns‚ hmZ-

Øn\paptº ac-W-s∏-Sp-Itbm sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. lZvdØv

AlvaZv(A) ]d-bp-I-bmWv:˛

`b-`-‡n-bpsS FX-sb√mw hkvX-ß-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂pthm

AsX√mw Iodn-t∏m-bn. lrZ-b-Øn¬ Fs¥√mw hnNm-c-ß-fp-

≠m-bn-cp-∂pthm AsX√mw Aip-≤-am-bn-t∏m-bn. Aßn-ßmbn

Nne hnip≤ hy‡n-I-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-h¿ acn®p aÆm-bn-t∏m-bn.

tij-ap-≈-h-cm-Is´ tZmlnIfpw ITn-\-lr-Z-b-cp-am-bn-t∏m-bn.

hnK-lm-cm-[m-\-sb∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv I√n-s‚tbm ac-Øn-

s‚-tbm, Ccp-ºn-s‚tbm hnK-l-ap-≠m°n AXns‚ apºn¬

Ipºn-Sp-I-sb-∂Xv amX-a-√. A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿§-Øn¬ XS- -

ambn \nev°p∂ Hmtcm hkvXphpw Hmtcm hnK-l-am-Wv. AXm-

b-Xv, a\p-jy≥ A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv ImWn-t°≠ hn[-Øn-ep≈

kvt\lw GsXm-∂n-t\mSv ImWn-°p-∂p-thm, A√m-lp-hns\ b-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 251

s∏-tS-≠-hn-[-Øn¬ GsXm-∂ns\ `b-s∏-Sp-∂pthm A√m-lp-

hns\ Bi-bn-t°-≠-hn-[-Øn¬ GsXm-∂ns\ Bi-bn-°p-

∂pthm AsX√mw HmtcmXc-Øn-ep≈ hnK-l-ß-fm-Wv. AXns‚

apºn¬ Ft∏mgpw Ah≥ Xe Ip\n-°p-∂p. CXp kw_-‘n®v

lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) ]d-bp∂p:

A√mlphns\ IqSm-sXbpw Ah-\n¬\n∂v th¿s]´ \ne-

bnepw \ns‚ lrZ-b-Øn¬ GsXm-∂n-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ hnNm-c

amtWm D≈-Xv, A√tbm hnizm-k-Øn¬ _e-lo-\-\mb a\p-

jym, Ah-sbms° \ns‚ hnK-l-am-Wv. AXn-\m¬ B ad™

hnK-l-ßsf \o kq£n-°p-Ibpw lrZ-bsØ Ah-bpsS kzm[o-

\-Øn¬ \n∂v c£n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXmepw! Fs¥-∂m¬, GsXm-

cp-hs‚ lrZbw in¿°n¬ IpSp-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂pthm Ah\v F¥p

aXn∏pw hne-bp-am-Wp-≈Xv? Ahs‚ Ahÿ \√-h-\mb Hcp

`¿Øm-hns\ ssIsøm-gn®v Bbn-c-°-W-°n¬ NßmXnam-cp-ambn

_‘w ]pe¿Øn\S-°p∂ hy`n-Nm-cn-Wn-bmb s]Æn-s‚-Xm-Ip-

∂p.

BtemNn®p t\m°p-I. bYm¿∞-amb BkvXn-I≥amcpw

bmsXmcp hn[-Øn-ep≈ hnK-lm-cm-[-\-bp-sSbpw em©-\-

bpƒs°m-≈m-Ø-h-cp -amb apkvenwIƒ FX t]cp≠v?

apk¬am≥am-sc√mw BkvXn-I≥am-cm-sW∂p ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂-h-

cm-Wv. F∂m¬, Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬ \qdp-°-W-°nepw Bbn-

c-°-W-°nepw hnK-l-ßƒ ÿew ]nSn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂Xpw

Ah¿ GXp ka-bØpw Ah-bv°p apºn¬ Xe-Ip-\n®psIm≠n-

cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂Xpw ]c-am¿∞-a-√tbm? CXp ssZhsØ kw_-

‘n® hnizm-k-Øns‚ Ah-ÿ-bm-Wv. CXn\p ]pdsa ae-°p-

Iƒ, ac-Wm-\-¥-c-Po-hn-Xw, kz¿§-\-c-I-ßƒ, XJvZo¿ AXm-bXv

ssZh-amWv Cu ]]-©sØ \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂pw

F√m hkvXp-°fp-sSbpw KpW-ßƒ Ah-\n¬ \n∂p-≈-Xm-sW-

∂p-ap≈ hnizmkw CXymZn aX-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm\ kn≤m-¥-

252 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

ß-fn¬s∏´ kwK-Xn-I-sf√mw apkvenwIfpsS A[-c-ß-fn¬ amX-

am-Wp-≈-Xv. Cu kwK-Xn-Iƒ Xß-fpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn-ep-ap-≈-Xm-

sW∂v Ah-cn¬ Nne¿ hnNm-cn-°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cn-°mw. F∂m¬,

ssZh-hn-izm-ksØ kw_-‘n®v Hcp ]cn-tim-[\ \S-Øp-I-bm-

sW-¶n¬ AX-h-cpsS A[-c-ß-fn¬ amX-am-Wp-≈-sX∂pw lrZ-

b-Øn-te°v IS-∂n-´n-s√∂pw hy‡-am-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. Ah¿

apkvenw Krl-Øn¬ P\n®p t]mb-Xp-sIm≠v Ckvemans‚ hmZw

]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv. CtX Imc-W-Øm¬ Nne-t∏m-sg√mw

aXm-`n-am-\hpw ]I-Sn-∏n-t®-°mw. F∂m¬, B A`n-am\w kmap-

Zm-bn-I-]-c-a-√msX aX-]-c-am-hp-I-bn-√. C°m-eØv kap-Zm-b-sa∂

]Zw aXØn\p hfsc sISpXn sNbvXn- p-≠v. Ct∏mƒ, Ckvemw

F∂Xv Hcp aX-Øns‚ t]cn¬ \n∂v hyXym-k-s∏´ apk¬am≥

F∂p ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cpsS CS-bn¬ ImW-s∏-Sp∂ kmaq-ln-Im-

h-ÿ-bpsS t]cm-bn-Øo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p. CXv B]¬°-c-am-sbmcp

\ne-]m-Sm-Wv. apk¬am∑msc B \ne-]mSv A\p-\n-anjw A[x-

]-Xn-∏n®p sIm≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. AXn-\m¬, AlvaZn-

I-fmb Rßƒ Rß-fpsS AwK-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ ]tXy-In®v Ip´n-

Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ kap-Zmbw F∂ ]Z-]-tbmKw ]c-°m≥ km[m-c-

W-ambn A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂n-√. GXp-t]m-se-sb-∂m¬. kap-Zm-b-tk-

h-\w,- kap-Zm-b-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ XymKw, kmap-Zm-bnI

]hrØn F∂o ]Z-]-tbm-K-ßƒ Rßƒ XS-bp-∂p. AXn\v

]I-c-ambn aX-tk-h-\w, Pam-A-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ tkh\w,

Ckveman\p th≠n-bp≈ tkh-\w, Pam-A-Øns‚ ]hr-Øn,

aX-Øns‚ ]hr-Øn, aX-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ XymKw CXymZn

]Z-]-tbm-K-ß-fmWv ssIs°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xpw ssIs°m-≈m≥

D]-tZ-in-°p-∂-Xpw. shdpw t]cn-t\mSv amXw _‘-ap≈ Hcp

kap-Zmbambn-cn-°msX bmYm¿∞y-tØmSv _‘-ap≈ aX-am-

bn-cn-°m≥ th≠n-bm-WnXv. GsXm-cmƒ Cu bmYm¿∞y-Øn¬

\n∂v ]n¥n-cn-bp-∂pthm Abmƒ t]cp-sIm≠v Rß-fpsS IqsS-

bm-sW-¶n-epw, kmaq-ln-I-amb \ne-bn¬ Rß-fn¬\n-∂p≈ Hcp

hy‡n-bm-sW-¶nepw B¥-cn-I-ambn Rß-fn¬s]´ Bfm-bn-

cn-°bn-√. Imc-Ww, Abm-sfbpw Rß-sfbpw H∂n®ptN¿Øn-

cp∂ _‘w th¿s]-´p-t]m-hp-Ibpw t]cp-amXw Ah-ti-jn-°p-

Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. apk¬am≥am¿ Cu kwKXn ad-°m≥

XpS-ßn-b-tXmsS Ah-cpsS ]mZ-ßƒ A\p-\n-anjw \mi-Øn-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 253

te°v Ncn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. ]t£, Ah¿ IÆp-Xp-d-°p-

∂n-√.

kXy-hn-izm-k-Øns‚ e£-W-ßƒ

C\n, \jvS-s∏-´p-t]mb Cu kXy-hn-izm-ksØ lZvdØv

AlvaZv(A) temIØv ho≠pw ÿm]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v

ImWn®p Xcmw. kXy-hn-izm-k-sa-∂Xv uXn-I-am-sbmcp hkvXp-

hn¬s]´tXm _mtly-µn-b-ß-fm¬ tKmN-ctam A√. ]Xyp-

X, lrZ-b-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ Hcp Ah-ÿ-bpsS t]cm-Wv. AXn-

s\-∏-‰n-bp≈ Adnhv AXns‚ e-ßƒ A\p-`-hn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm-

≠p-thWw D≠m-hm≥. DZm-l-c-W-ambn kvt\l-hn-Im-csØ

t\m°p-I. Hcmƒ°pw B hnIm-csØ Kln-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-

bn-√. F∂m¬, B hnIm-c-Øns‚ AS-bm-f-ßƒ ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-

tºmƒ kvt\l-ap-s≠∂v a\- n-em-Ip-∂p. sskZn\v Jmen-Zn-

t\mSv kvt\l-ap-s≠-¶n¬ AXv _°¿ Fß-s\-bmWv Adn-bp-

∂Xv? sskZns‚ kvt\lw Hcp cq]w ssIs°m≠v _°-dns‚

apºn¬ h∂p \nev°p-∂-Xn-\m-e-√. t\sc-a-dn-®v, GsX√mw am¿§-

Øn¬IqSn temIØv kvt\lw ]I-S-am-Ip-∂pt≠m B am¿§-

ßƒ sskZns‚ hm°nepw ]hr-Øn-bnepw ImWp-tºmƒ

sskZn\v Jmen-Zn-t\mSv kvt\l-ap-s≠∂v _°¿ a\- n-em-°p-

∂p. CXp-t]m-se-Øs∂ tIm]-hn-Im-chpw ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bp-

I-bn-√. F∂m¬, Hcp hy‡nsb ]tXy-I-am-sbmcp Ah-ÿ-

bn¬ ImWp-tºmƒ˛ B Ahÿ tIm]-Øns‚ AS-bm-f-am-

sW∂v A\p-`-h-Øn-s‚bpw ]cn-N-b-Øn-s‚bpw shfn-®-Øn¬

\mw Kln-®n-´p-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww˛ Abmƒ tIm]m-h-ÿ-bn-em-Wp-

≈-sX∂v \ap°v a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂p. Npcp-°-Øn¬, uXn-

I-a-√mØ hkvXp-°ƒ Cµn-b-tKm-N-c-ß-f-√. AS-bm-f-ßƒ

sIm≠mWv Ah Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ B Adnhv `uXnI

hkvXp-°sf kw_-‘n®v A\p-`-h-Øm-ep-≠m-hp∂ Adn-hn\v

ka-am-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. kXy-hn-izm-khpw uXn-I-a-√mØ

H∂m-Wv. AXn-\m¬ AXn-s\-∏-‰n-bp≈ Adnhpw AS-bm-f-

ßƒsIm≠v amXsa \ap-°p-≠m-Im≥ \nhr-Øn-bp-≈q. AS-bm-

f-ßƒ sIm-≠-√msX kXy-hn-izmkw Adn-bpI km[y-a-√. AXp-

sIm≠v kXy-hn-izmkw Is≠-Øp-∂-Xn\v AXns‚ AS-bm-f-

ßƒ Adn-tb-≠Xv AXym-h-iy-am-Wv. B AS-bm-f-ßƒ Xmsg

254 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

]d-bp-∂-h-bm-sW∂v _p≤n-bp-≈-h-sc√mw kΩ-Xn°pw:˛

H∂m-a-Xv, kXyhnizm-kn-I-fpsS I¿Ω-ßƒ ico-AØv \nb-

a-Øn\v tbmPn-®-Xm-bn-cn-°pw. AXm-bXv, kXy-hn-izmkn ico-

AØv Iev]n-®Xv ]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw \ntcm-[n-®-Xn¬ \n∂v

Hgn™p \nev°p-Ibpw sNøpw. Abm-fpsS Cu \ne-]mSv Bcm-

[-\, [m¿ΩnI\ne, CS-]m-Sp-Iƒ apX-emb F√m Xpd-I-fnepw

]Xy-£-am-Wv.

c≠m-a-Xv, kXy-hn-izmkn Ckveman\pth≠n ]cn-]q¿Æ-

amb A`n-am-\-ap-≈-h-\m-bn-cn-°pw. AXm-bXv Abm-fpsS apºmsI

Bsc-¶nepw Ckveman\v t\sc hm°mtem ]hr-Øn-bmtem

BI-aWw \S-Øp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AX-bmƒ°v s]mdp-°m-\m-hp-

I-bn-√. Abm-fpsS A`n-am\w Pzen-®p-b-cpw. Abmƒ Hcn-°epw

aX-]-c-ambn NoØ kl-hmkw CjvS-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. Ckveman\p

t\sc ]cn-lmkw ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-Itbm AXns\ \nµy-ambn

ho£n-°p-Itbm sNøp∂ bmsXmcp kZ- nepw Abmƒ Hcn-

°epw Ccn-°p-I-bn-√.

aq∂m-a-Xv, kXy-hn-izmkn Abm-fpsS Ign-h-\p-k-cn®v F√m-

bvt∏mgpw CkvemwaX-]-Nm-c-W-Øn¬ hym]r-X-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂-

Xm-Wv. Ign-bp-∂X kabw Ckvemw aX-]-N-mc-W-Øn-\p-th≠n

hn\n-tbm-Kn-°m≥ Abmƒ BK-ln-°pw. AXns‚ t\¿°p≈

BI-a-W-ßsf sNdp-°p-Ibpw AXns\ klm-bn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp∂ Imcy-Øn¬ _≤-i-≤-\m-bn-cn-°pw.

\mem-a-Xv, kXy-hn-izmkn Abm-fpsS ]kw-K-ß-fnepw Fgp-

Øp-I-fnepw A[n-I-ambn A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw Ahs‚ dkq-en-

s\bpw Ahs‚ KŸ-sØbpw Ahs‚ Huen-bm-°-tfbpw

kw_-‘n® h¿Ø-am-\-ß-fm-bn-cn°pw ]d-bp-I. Abm-fpsS F√m

sNbvXn-I-fnepw A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw Ahs‚ dkq-en-t\bpw

Ahs‚ Zo\n-t\bpw kw_-‘n® kvt\lw hgn-s™m-gp-Ip-∂Xv

ImWmw. Abmƒ k÷-\-ß-fpsS kl-hmkw CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂-

Xm-Wv.

A©m-a-Xv, kXy-hn-izmkn A√mlp-hn\pw Ahs‚ dkq-

en\pw Ahs‚ aX-Øn\pw th≠n k¿∆-hn[ XymKhpw sNøm≥

k∂-≤-\m-bn-cn°pw. th≠n-h-∂m¬ Xs‚ A`n-]m-b-sØtbm

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 255

kvt\ln-X≥am-sctbm cmPy-sØtbm _‘p-°-sftbm kzØn-

s\tbm hni-a-kp-J-ß-sftbm X\n°v kvt\l-ap≈ F√m

hkvXp-°-sf-bp-tam, Poh-s\tbm _lp-a-Xn-sbtbm _en-I-gn-

°m≥ Abmƒ aSn-°p-I-bn-√. ssZh-Øn-s‚bpw Ahs‚ dkq-en-

s‚bpw Ahs‚ kXy-a-X-Ø-s‚bpw am¿§-Øn¬ bmsXm∂pw

Xs∂ Abmƒ°v XS- -am-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√. kµ¿`w hcp-tºmƒ

k¿∆Xpw XymKw sNøm≥ Abmƒ Hcp-°-am-bn-cn-°pw.

Cu A©v Imcy-ßƒ Hcm-fn¬ ImWp-∂ps≠¶n¬ AXv

Abm-fpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬ kXy-hn-izmkw IS-∂n-´p≠v F∂-

Xns‚bpw kXy-hn-izm-k-Øns‚ GsXmcp am[p-cy-sØ-∏‰n lZo-

Yn¬ ]d-b-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂pthm B am[pcyw Abmƒ Bkz-Zn-®n-

cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂-Xn-s‚bpw e£-W-am-Wv. F∂m¬, Cu kwK-Xn-

Iƒ Fs¥-¶nepw Xm¬°m-en-I-amb t]c-W-sImt≠m £Wn-

I-amb Bthiw sImt≠m D≠m-b-Xm-hmsX ÿnchpw ZrV-

hp-amb am¿§-Øn¬IqSn D≠m-bXpw F√m Ah-ÿ-bnepw

Ahs‚ Poh-t\m-sSm∏w \ne-\nev°p-∂-Xp-am-bn-cn-°-Ww.

C\n \ap°v Cu AS-bm-f-ßsf sht∆-sd-sb-SpØp sIm≠v

AlvaZnøm Pam-A-Øns‚ hnizm-km-h-ÿsb ]cn-tim-[n-°mw.

Cu AS-bm-f-ßƒ AlvaZnøm Pam-A-Øn¬ ]tXyI \ne-bn¬

ImW-s∏-Sp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv bYm¿∞-Øn¬ \jvS-s∏-´p-

t]mb kXy-hn-izm-ksØ lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) temIØv ]p\-

ÿm-]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂-Xn\v sXfn-hm-bn-cn-°pw. Fs¥-∂m¬

Cu AS-bm-f-ßƒ C°m-esØ a‰p apkvenw hn`m-K-ß-fn¬ \n∂v

A]-Xy-£-am-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

H∂m-asØ AS-bmfw

kXy-hn-izm-k-Øns‚ H∂m-asØ AS-bmfw kXy-hn-izm-

kn-bpsS ]hr-Øn-Iƒ ico-AØv \nb-a-a-\p-k-cn-®p-≈-Xm-bn-cn-

°p-sa-∂-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬, Cu e£-Ww, hntZzj _p≤n-I-f-

√mØ FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ°p t]mepw \ntj-[n-°m≥ Ign-bmØ hn[w

AlvaZnøm Pam-AØv kmaq-ln-I-amb \ne-bn¬ sXfn-bn®p

ImWn-®n- p-≠v. AlvaZnøØn¬ ]th-in-°p-∂-Xn\p aptº hy`n-

Nm-cw, aZy-]m-\w, \njn-≤-t`m-P-\w, ssI°q-en, NqXm- w, tZmlw

ssItb‰w apX-em-b, id-Av hntcm-[n® Zp¿hr-Øn-I-fn¬ apgp-

256 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

In-bn-cp∂ \qdp-°-W-°n-em-fp-Ifpw If-hv, Iq´m-bva-°-h¿® apX-

emb b-¶c-]m-X-I-ß-fn¬ hnZ-Kv≤-∑m-cm-b-hcpw AlvaZn Bb-

Xn-\p-tijw Hcp ]pXnb P≥aw ssIs°m-≠-Xp-t]mse AXn¬

\ns∂√mw Zqc-s∏´p \nev°p-∂-Xmbn ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bpw.

\n¿_‘ \a-kvIm-c-Øns‚ ASp-°-te°v FØn-t\m-°pI t]m

epw sNbvXn- n-√m-Ø-h¿, h√-t∏mgpw Hcp Xl-÷qZv \a-kvImcw

Hgn-™p-t]m-bm¬ t]mepw At\Iw aWn-°q¿ t\cw tJZn-°p-

amdv \a-kvIm-c-°m-cm-bn-Øo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p. ]cn-ip≤ da-Zm≥ amk-

Ønse \n¿_‘ t\mºp-Iƒ t]mepw t\m‰n-´n-√m-Xn-cp-∂-h¿

Ct∏mƒ da-Zm≥ amk-Ønse t\mºp-Iƒ°p ]pdsa sIm√-Øn¬

At\Iw kp∂Øp t\mºp-Ifpw t\m¬°m≥ XpS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-

∂p. a‰p≈ C_m-Z-Øp-I-fpsS ÿnXnbpw CXp-X-s∂-bm-Wv. CS-

]m-Sp-I-fpsS Imcy-Ønepw hºn-s®mcp ]cn-h¿Ø\w h∂n-´p-

≈-Xmbn ImWm≥ Ign-bpw. \n›-b-ambpw Rß-fn¬ Nne _e-

lo-\-cp-≠v. F∂m¬, Nne¿ _e-lo-\-cm-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv Pam-A-

Øns‚ s]mXp-hn-ep≈ \nesb _m[n-°p-I-bn-√. Hcp Pam-AØv

D≠m-Ip-tºmƒ AXnse AwK-ß-sf√mw Htc hn[-Øn-em-hp-I-

bn-√. Ah-cn¬ Nne¿ \√-hcpw Nne¿ a[y-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw BIp-

∂-Xm-Wv. \_n(-k) Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS kzlm-_n-am¿ ]cn-ip-≤-X-

bnepw \n¿Ω-e-X-bnepw \nkvXp-ey-cm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂Xv kΩ-Xn-

°-s∏-´-Xm-Wv. F¶nepw Ah-sc-√m-hcpw A_q-_-°¿, Da¿,

Dkvam≥, Aen(-d.-A) F∂n-h-sc-t∏mse Bbn-cp-∂n-√. Ah-cnepw

Nne¿ a[y-X-c-°mcpw Nne¿ _e-lo-\cpw Bbn-cp-∂p. Hcp aZ-

vdk-bnse G‰hpw \s√mcp ¢m nse hnZym¿∞n-Isf t\m°p-

I. Ahcpw F√m-hcpw Hcp-t]m-se-bm-bn-cn-°n-√. AXn-\m¬,

GsX-¶nepw Pam-A-Øns‚ samØ-Øn-ep≈ ÿnXn F¥m-

sW∂mWv t\mt°-≠Xv. As√-¶n¬ as‰m-cp-hn-[-Ønepw ]cn-

tim-[\ \S-Øm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. AXm-bXv, Rß-fn¬\n∂p≈

DXv°r-jvS-hy-‡n-Isf a‰p apkvenw I£nIfnse DXv°rjvS

hy‡n-I-fp-ambpw Rß-fn¬\n∂p≈ a[y-X-c-°msc a‰p I£n-

I-fnse a≤y-X-c-°m-cp-ambpw Rß-fn¬\n∂p≈ _e-lo-\sc

a‰p I£n-I-fnse _e-lo-\-cp-ambpw Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-ØpI. GXv

Iq´-cmWv \∂mb-h-sc∂pw GXmWv \∂m-hm-Ø-hsc∂pw

At∏mƒ a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bpw. lZvdØv AlvaZp-(A)ambn

_‘w ÿm]n-°p-I-bm¬ Alva-Zn-I-fn¬ al-Ømb ]cn-h¿Ø-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 257

\-ap-≠m-bn-´p-s≠∂v \njv]-£-_p-≤n-I-fm-b-h¿°v kΩ-Xn-°m-

Xn-cn-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂-X-s√∂v ss[cy-k-taXw Rßƒ ]d-™p-

sIm-≈p-∂p. CkvemanI ico-A-Ø-\p-k-cn®v ]h¿Øn-°p-I-

bmepw Xß-fpsS \S-]-Sn-Iƒ hnip≤Jp¿-B-s‚bpw lZo-kp-I-

fp-sSbpw I¬]-\bv°v hnt[-b-ambn Ia-s∏-Sp-ØpI-bmepw

AlvaZnøm Pam-AØv as‰√m apkvenw hn`m-K-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw

hyXym-k-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. ssZhm-cm-[-\, ssZh-`-‡n, ]cn-ip-≤n,

hniz-kvXX F∂o Imcy-ß-fn¬ kmaq-ln-I-amb \ne-bn¬

AlvaZnIƒ a‰p-≈-h¿°v DXv°r-jvS-am-sbmcp amXr-I-bm-Wv.

IqSm-sX, as‰mcp kwK-Xn-IqSn Hm¿Ωn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. lrZbm-

ep-°ƒ°p AXp ck-I-c-am-bn-cn-°pw. AXm-b-Xv, \mw AlvaZnøm

Pam-A-Ønse hy‡n-Isf ]cn-tim-[n-°p-Ibpw KmV-ambn Ah-

cpsS \S-]-Sn-Isf ho£n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, Ah-cn

¬ \n∂v lZvdØv AlvaZp(A)-ambn IqSp-X¬ kl-hmkw sN

øm≥ Ign-™n-´p-≈-h¿, Aßs\ sNøm≥ kµ¿`w e`n-®n-ń-

√m-Ø-hsc At]-£n®v A√m-lp-hn-t\mSpw Ahs‚ krjvSn-I-

tfm-Sp-ap≈ IS-∏mSv \n¿∆-ln-°p∂ Imcy-Øn¬ s]mXp-hn¬ IqSp-

X¬ A`n-hr≤n t\Sn-b-h-cm-sW∂v ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bpw. B

P\-ß-fpsS apJØv kzlm-_-Øn-\p-≠m-bn-cp∂ Xc-Øn-ep≈

hnizm-k-Øn-s‚bpw `‡n-bp-sSbpw ]Im-iw-Xp-fp-ºp-∂-Xmbn

ImWm≥ Ign-bpw. Ah-cpsS F√m ]hr-Øn-I-fn¬\n∂pw kXy-

hn-izm-k-Øn-s‚bpw ⁄m\-Øn-s‚bpw Inc-W-ßƒ s]mń-∏p-

d-s∏´p sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂p. B P\-ßƒ ]I¬ ka-c-cw-K-Ønse

ap∂-Wn-bn¬ ImW-s∏-Sp-sa-¶n¬ cmXn Ime-ß-fn¬ A√m-lp-

hns‚ Z¿_m-dn¬ Acbpw apdp°n \ne-sIm-≈p-∂-h-cm-Wv. Ah-

sc-∏-‰n-bmWv

GXp-]-Imcw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS ImeØv ]cn-ip-≤∑m-

cpsS Hcp henb Pam-AØv D≠m-bn-cp-∂pthm A]-Imcw HSphn

epw Hcp henb Pam-AØv ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv, AXm-bXv

ap≥Km-an-I-fn¬\n∂p≈ Hcp henb kwLhpw ]n≥Km-an-I-fn¬

Hcp henb kwLhpw' F∂mWv A√mlp ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

A√m-lpΩ kz√n-A-ebvlnw APvaCu≥.

258 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

c≠m-asØ AS-bmfw

kXy-hn-izm-k-Øns‚ c≠m-asØ AS-bmfw kXy-hn-izmkn

hnizm-km- n-am\w ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-sa-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p. kXy-hn-izm-kØn-

s\-Xn-cmbn Fs¥-¶nepw tI´p-sIm≠v AS-ßn-bn-cn-°m≥

Abmƒ°v Ign-bp-I-bn-√. aXsØ ]cn-l-kn-°p∂ \n¿Ω-X≥am-

cn¬ \n∂v Abmƒ AI∂p \nev°pw. Cu AS-bm-fsØ ap≥\n-

dpØn t\m°p-I-bm-sW-¶nepw AlvaZnøm Pam-AØv kXy-hn-

izm-k-Øn¬ Dd®p \nev°p-∂-h-cm-sW∂v sXfn-bp-∂-Xm-Wv.

C°m-eØv Cw•ojv hnZym- ymkw kn≤n-®-h-cpsS CS-bn¬ uXn-

I-Xz-Øn-s‚bpw aX-hn-c-‡n-bp-sSbpw Zpjn® Im‰p hoin-bn-´p-

s≠-∂p-≈Xv Hcp ad™ Imcy-a-√. F∂m¬, AlvaZnøm Pam-

A-Ønse B hn`m-K-Ønepw hnizm-km-`n-am-\hpw NoØ-k-l-

hm-k-tØm-Sp≈ shdp∏pw ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bpw. aX-Øn-s\-Xn-

cmbn Fs¥-¶nepw tI´p-sImt≠m I≠p-sImt≠m Hcp

AlvaZnbpw ASßn Ccn-°p-I-bn-√. t\sc-a-dn-®v hm°p-sIm≠pw

]hr-Øn-sIm≠pw AXn-s\-Xn-cmbn Ah¿ shdp∏p ]I-Sn-∏n-

°p-∂-Xm-Wv. aXw \nµn-°-s∏-Sp∂ kl-hm-k-Øn¬\n∂v Ah¿

Hgn™p \nev°p-Ibpw sNøpw. CXv I≠-dn-bm-hp∂ Hcp Imcy-

am-Wv. A[nIw hnkvX-cn-t°≠ Bh-iy-an-√.

aq∂m-asØ AS-bmfw

kXy-hn-izmkn aX-]-N-c-W-Øn¬ hym]r-X-\m-bn-cn-°p-sa-

∂-XmWv kXy-hn -izm -k-Øns‚ aq∂m-asØ AS-bm-fw.

Ckvemans‚ ta∑-Iƒ P\-ßsf Adn-bn-°p-I, temIØp\n∂v

Ak-XysØ \n¿Ωm¿÷\w sNøp-I, temIØv kXyw ÿm]n-

°p-I, kXyw ]N-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n Xs‚ ka-bhpw

[\hpw sNehp sNøp-I, Ckvemans‚ t\sc h√ BI-a-W-hp-

ap-≠m-hp-tºmƒ ]Xn-tcm-[-Øn-\mbn DS-\Sn Xøm-dm-hpI F∂o

Imcy-ß-fn¬ Abmƒ _≤-i-≤-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Cu AS-

bm-fsØ ap≥\n-dpØn t\m°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AlvaZnøm Pam-

A-Øns‚ kXy-hn-izmkw kqcy-]-Imiw t]mse sXfn-bp-∂-

Xm-Wv. Hmtcm AlvaZnbpw Hmtcm ap_-√n-Kmbn ]h¿Øn-°p-

∂Xv ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bpw. h√-h\pw kzX-¥-amb tPmen sNø-

∂-h-\m-sW-¶n¬ AhnsS Abm-fpsS ]N-mc-W-tPm-enbpw \S-

°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Fhn-sS-sb-¶nepw iº-f-°m-c-\m-sW-¶n¬ Ahn-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 259

sSbpw Abmƒ X_veoKv the \S-Øpw. I®-h-S-°m-c-\m-sW-

¶n¬ Xm\p-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿°v Abmƒ kXyw FØn®p

sImSp-°pw. Irjn-°m-c-\m-sW-¶n¬ Abmfpw Xs‚ ]cn-[n-bn¬

ssZh-am¿§-Øn¬ ]cn-i-an®p sIm≠n-cn-°pw. Npcp-°n-∏-d-bp-I-

bm-sW-¶n¬ AlvaZnIfn¬ Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw Xm¥m-ß-fpsS

ÿm\-ß-fn¬ CkvemwaX-tk-h\w sNøp-∂-Xmbn shfn-s∏-Sp-

∂-Xm-Wv. hnZym¿∞n-bm-sW-¶nepw iº-f-°m-c-\m-sW-¶nepw

kzX-¥-\m-sW-¶nepw A≤ym-]-I\m-sW-¶nepw injy-\m-sW-

¶nepw Zmk-\m-sW-¶nepw bP-am-\-\m-sW-¶nepw A£-c-⁄m-

\-an-√m-Ø-h-\m-sW-¶nepw ]fin-X-\m-sW-¶nepw Ip´n-bm-sW-

¶nepw hr≤-\m-sW-¶nepw ]pcp-j-\m-sW-¶nepw kvXobm-sW-

¶nepw Ah¿ ap_-√n-Kp-am-cm-bn-cn-°pw. AlvaZn Bcm-bn-cp-∂mepw

Abmƒ \n›-b-ambpw Hcp ap_-√nKpXs∂-bm-Wv. Ign™

ImesØ Hcp kw`hw ]d-bmw. A∂sØ ]n≥kv Hm^v

shbn¬kv C¥y-bn¬ h∂-t∏mƒ Bcpw At±-lsØ ImW-cp-

sX-∂m-bn-cp∂p \n -lI-cW ]ÿm-\-°m¿ BK-ln-®n-cp-∂-

Xv. AtX ka-bØv kl-I-c-W-°m-cm-hs´ cmP-Ip-am-cs\ ImWp-

hm\pw Ign-bp-sa-¶n-¬ At±-l-hp-ambn IqSn-°mgvN \S-Øp-hm\pw

awK-f-]Xw \evIp-hm\pw BtLm-j-ßƒ \S-Øp-hm\pw Xam-

i-Ifpw ImgvN-Ifpw G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-hm\pw a‰pw sImXn-®n-cp-∂p.

F∂m¬, Cu kµ¿`-Øn¬ AlvaZnøm Pam-AØv F¥mWv

Btem-Nn-®-sX∂v t\m°p-I. am\y-\mb cmP-Ip-am-c≥ \ΩpsS

cmPy-tØ°v hcp-tºmƒ, AX-t±-lsØ kXy-Øn-te°v £Wn-

°m-\p≈ \s√mcp kµ¿`-am-sW-∂mWv Ah¿°v H∂m-a-Xmbn

tXm∂n-b-Xv. AX-\p-k-cn-®v, kabw hfsc Ipd-™-Xm-bn-cp-∂n´pw

ap∏-Øn-c-≠m-bn-c-tØmfw AlvaZn-I-fmb kvXoIfpw ]pcp-

j∑mcpw IqSn Hmtcm AW-hoXw kw`m-h\ tiJ-cn-®v Hcp al-

Ømb D]lm-c-KŸw A®-Sn-∏n®v cmP-Ip-am-c\v ka¿∏n-°p-Ibpw

Ckvemans‚ DXv°r-jvS-X-Iƒ ]t_m-[n-°p-Ibpw At±-lsØ

CkvemwaX-Øn-te°v £Wn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. B D]-lmcw

AlvaZnøm Pam-A-Øns‚ Ct∏m-gsØ Cam-amb lZvdØv Jeo-

^-Øp¬ akolv c≠m-a-\mWv Xøm-dm-°n-b-Xv*. Npcp-°-Øn¬

kXy-tØm-Sp≈ kvt\l-_-lp-am-\-ß-fn¬ A[n-jvTn-X-amb

* Ct±lw 1965- ¬ \ncym-X-\m-bn. Ct∏m-gsØ Camw lZvdØv an¿km akvdq¿AlvaZv kmln-_m-Wv. (]-km-[-I¿).

260 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

]Nm-c-Wm-thiw AlvaZnøm Pam-A-Øn¬ ImWp-∂-Xns‚ \qdn-

sem-cwiwt]mepw a‰p-≈-h-cn¬ ImWpI km[y-a-√.

\mem-asØ AS-bm-fw.

kXy-hn-izm-k-Øns‚ \mem-asØ AS-bm-fw, kXy-hn-izm-

kn-bpsS \mhn¬ \n∂v A[n-I-ambn A√m-lp-hn-t\bpw Ahs‚

dkq-en-t\bpw kw_-‘n® kphm¿Ø-Iƒ ]pd-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw Abm-

fpsS hm°p-I-fnepw ]hr-Øn-I-fnepw A√m-lp-hn-t\mSpw Ahs‚

dkq-en-t\mSpw Ahs‚ Huen-bm-°-tfm-Sp-ap≈ kvt\lw hgn-

s™m-gp-Ip-∂Xpw ImWm≥ Ign-bp-sa-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. Cu AS-bm-

fsØ ap≥\n-dpØn t\m°n-bmepw AlvaZnøm Pam-A-Øns‚

hnizmkw amX-amWv kXy-hn-izm-k-sa∂v sXfn-bp-∂-Xm-Wv.

C°m-eØv apkvenwtemIw apgp-h\pw A√mlphns‚bpw

Ahs‚ dkq-en-s‚bpw t]¿ ad-∂n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. h√-t∏mgpw

B t]cp-Iƒ kvacn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-s≠-¶n¬Øs∂ A√m-lphpw

Ahs‚ dkq-epw ]nb-s∏´ e£y-am-sW∂ \ne-bn-e-√, B

kvac-W-sIm≠v h√ Imcy-km-[yhpw D≠m-Ip-sa∂ \ne-bv°m-

Wv. F∂m¬, A√m-lp-hn-s‚bpw Ahs‚ dkq-en-s‚bpw Ahs‚

henøp-am-cp-sSbpw Ahs‚ aX-Øn-s‚bpw kvac-W-bn¬ apgp-In-

bn-cn-°p-∂-h-cmbn AlvaZnøm Pam-A-Ønse _lp-`q-cn-]£w

Bfp-Isfbpw ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bpw. AlvaZnIfpsS Cu kz`m-h-

Øn¬ aSp∏v tXm∂n-bn´v Ah¿°v Cusbmcp hnNm-c-ta-bp-≈p-

sh∂p ]e-t∏mgpw a‰p-≈-h¿ ]d-bp-∂-Xmbpw ImW-s∏-´n-´p-≠v.

Xoh-≠n-bn¬ bmX sNøp-tºmƒ a‰p-≈-h¿ kc-k-k-√m-]-Øn¬

G¿s∏-Sp-hm-\mWv CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂-sX-¶n¬ Ahn-sSbpw Hcp

AlvaZn°v A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw Ahs‚ dkq-en-s\bpw Ahs‚

aX-sØbpw kw-_-‘n® N¿®-bn-emWv Xm¬]cyw ImWp-I.

Npcp-°-Øn¬, bYm¿∞-amb Hcp t]an GXp-hn[w F√m ka-

bØpw Ahs‚ t]a-`m-P-\-Øns‚ kvac-W-bn¬ kwXr]vXn

Is≠-Øp-∂pthm AtX-hn[w AlvaZnøm Pam-A-Ønse A[n

Iw hy‡n-Ifpw A√m-lp-hn-t\bpw Ahs‚ dkq-en-s\bpw Ah

s‚ Zo\n-s\bpw kw_-‘n® kvac-W-bn-emWv kwXr]vXn Is≠-

Øp-∂-Xv. a‰p-≈-h¿ aX-Im-cy-ß-sf-∏‰n tIhew Ai-≤-cm-bn-

cn-°p-I-tbm, AYhm kvt\l-Øns‚ hmk-\m-te-i-an-√msX

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 261

tIhew ipjvI-amb hn[-Øn¬ kzm¿∞-em-`-Øn\p th≠n

kvacn-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂-h-cm-sW-¶n¬, A√m-lp-hns‚ Ir]-bm¬

AlvaZnIfpsS Hmtcm ]-hr-Øn-bn¬\n∂pw A√m-lp-hn-t\mSpw

Ahs‚ dkq-en-t\mSpw Ahs‚ aX-tØm-Sp-ap≈ kvt\l-Øn-

s‚bpw t]a-Øns‚bpw \dp-aWw hoip-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv.

kvt\lw ad-®p-sh-°m≥ Ign-bp∂ Hcp hnIm-c-a-√. kvt\ln-°p-

∂-hs‚ Hmtcm ]hr-Øn-bp-sa-∂p-th≠ Hmtcm Ne-\hpw

Ahs‚ kvt\lsØ hnfn-t®m-Xp-∂-Xm-Wv. Ahs‚ \mhv

Ahs‚ clkyw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øpw. Ahs‚ IÆp-Iƒ Ahs‚

hnIm-cw Xpd-∂p-Im-´pw. A¬lw-Zp-en-√mlv, AlvaZnøm Pam-A-

Øn¬ Cu e£Ww ]Xy-£-amb \ne-bn¬ ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-

Wv. F∂m¬, ImXn-√m-Ø-h¿ F¥p tImƒ°m\pw IÆn-√m-Ø-

h¿ F¥p ImWm\pw lrZ-b-an-√m-Ø-h¿ F¥p a\- n-em-°m-

\p-amWv?

A©m-asØ AS-bmfw

kXy-hn-izm-k-Øns‚ A©m-asØ AS-bmfw kXy-hn-

izmkn kXy-hn-izm-k-Øn-\p-th≠n k¿∆-kzhpw _en Ign-°m≥

k∂-≤-\m-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂-Xm-Wv. Xs‚ [\w, _‘p-an-Xm-Zn-Iƒ,

Poh≥, A¥ v XpS-ßnb k¿∆-kzhpw _en-I-gn°m≥ Abmƒ

Hcp-°-am-bn-cn-°pw. Hcp kXy-hn-izm-kn°v Xs‚ hnizm-k-

sØtbm X\n°v ]nb-s∏´ at‰-sX-¶nepw Hcp hkvXp-hns\tbm

H∂n®v kzoI-cn-°m≥ Ign-bm-Xn-cn-°p-tºmƒ Abmƒ kXy-hn-

izm-ksØ kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw at‰ hkvXp-hns\ ssIsbm-gn-°p-

Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv. Cu AS-bm-fw ap≥\n-dpØn t\m°p-I-bm-

sW-¶nepw AlvaZnøm Pam-AØv amX-amWv icn-bmb A¿∞-

Øn¬ kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS Pam-A-sØ∂v a\- n-em-°mw.

Fs¥-∂m¬, AlvaZnøm Pam-A-Ønse _lp- q-cn-]£w AwK-

ßfpw kXy-hn-izmkw hºn® hne-sIm-SpØp hmßn-b-h-cm-sW-

∂p-≈Xv ]c-am¿∞w amX-am-Ip-∂p. kXy-hn-izmkØn\p-th≠n

B Pam-AØv sNøp∂ [\-kw-_-‘-amb XymK-sØ-∏‰n apI-

fn-sem-cn-SØv ]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-´p-≠v. Atß-b‰w km[p-°fpw Zcn-

Z-cp-am-bn-cp-∂n´pw B Pam-AØv Fß-s\-bmWv CkvemwaX

]N-mc-W-Øn\pth≠n e£-°-W-°n-ep-dp-∏nI sNehv sNøp-

262 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

∂-sX∂v AXn¬ \n∂v a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bpw. an°-hmdpw

F√m-hcpw Xß-fpsS hc-hn¬ ]Xn-\m-dn-sem-cwiw IrXy-ambn

aX-tk-h-\-Øn-\p-th≠n \evIp-∂-h-cm-Wv. hcp-am-\-Øn¬ ]Øn-

sem∂p sImSp-°p-∂-hcpw H´-[n-I-ap-≠v. A©n-sem∂v sImSp-

°p-∂-hcpw hf-sc-t∏-cp-≠v. aq∂n-sem∂v sImSp-°p-∂-hcpw At\-

I-cp-≠v. Nne¿ Pohn-°m≥ Bh-iy-am-b-Xn-e-[nIw Xßƒ°p

th≠n sNehv sNøp-∂Xv \njn-≤-am-°n-b-h-cm-Ip-∂p. Cßs\

sNøp-∂XpXs∂bpw Ah-tcmSv AXn-e-[nIw Bh-iy-s∏-SmØ

Ah-ÿ-bn-em-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬ Pam-A-Øns‚ Nne ktΩ-f-\-

ß-fn¬ sh®v Zo\n\v Bhiyw t\cn-Sp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Xß-fpsS

k¿∆-kzhpw \evIm≥ Hcp-°-am-sW∂v ]e AlvaZnIfpw k

t¥m-j-]q¿∆w ]d™ A\p-`hw ]e-t∏m-gp-ap-≠m-bn-´p-≠v. Ign

™ Znh-k-ß-fn¬ h¿≤n® sNehv \nanØw _bvØp¬am-en

\v Akm-[m-c-W-amb hnjaw t\cn-´-t∏mƒ Xß-fpsS F√m kz

Øp-°fpw \evIm≥ Hcp-°-am-sW∂v ImWn-®p-sIm≠v At\-I¿

Pam-A-Øns‚ Cam-amb lZvdØv Jeo-^-Øp¬ akolv c≠m-

a\v Fgp-Xp-I-bp-≠m-bn. _‘p-°sf XymKw sNtø≠ Ah-k-

chpw Bbn-c-°-W-°n¬ AlvaZnIƒ°v t\cn-´n-´p-≠v. A¬lw-

Zp-en-√mlv, B Ah-k-c-ß-fnse√mw an°-hmdpw F√m-hcpw B

]co-£-bn¬ Pbn-°p-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. Nne¿°v kXy-hn-izm-

k-Øn-\p-th≠n Xß-fpsS ]nXm-°sf ssIsbm-gn-t°≠n h∂-

t∏mƒ, AXm-bXv Ah-cpsS A`o-jvSsØ _en-I-gn-t°≠n h∂-

t∏mƒ, A√m-lp-hn-\p-th≠n Ah¿ ]nXm-°sf ssIsbm-gn-°p-

Ibpw kXy-hn-izm-ksØ kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. a‰p-Nn-e¿

Xß-fpsS a°-sfbpw `mcy-am-scbpw Dt]-£n-®p-sIm≠v kXy-

hn-izmkw ssIsh-Sn-bm-Xn-cp-∂n- p-≠v. Ah¿ A√m-lp-hp-am-bp≈

_‘-Øn-\p-th≠n euIn-I-amb _‘-ßsf _en-b¿∏n-°p-I-

bmWv sNbvX-Xv. AXn-\p≈ DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ Zi-°-W-°ntem

iX-°-W-°ntem A√, Bbn-c-°-W-°n¬Xs∂ ImWn-°m≥

Ign-bpw.

Xß-fpsS apgp-h≥ Ign-hp-Ifpw aX-Øn-\p-th≠n ka¿∏n-

°p-I-sb∂ \ne-bn¬ Poh-XymKw sNbvX-h¿ Ht´-sd-bp-≠v.

F∂m¬, bYm¿∞-amb Poh-Xym-K-Øn-\p≈ kµ¿`w Alva

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 263

ZnIƒ°v C¥y-bn¬ t\cn-ń-ń-√. Imc-Ww, C¥y-bn¬ aX-kzm-

X¥yw \evIn-bn-´p≈ kam-[m-\-]-c-amb Dd-s®mcp `c-W-Iq-S-

am-Wp-≈-Xv. B `c-W-IqSw sIm≈, sIme, Ielw apX-emb

AI-a-ßsf A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂n-√. AXn-\m¬ C¥y-bn¬ c‡-]-

co-£-bn¬\n∂v A√mlp AlvaZnIsf c£n-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

F¶nepw imco-cn-I-amb ]oU\-ßfpw Zfi-\-ßfpw A\p-`-hn-

t°≠ At\Iw kµ¿`-ßƒ Ah¿°v Chn-sSbpw t\cn-ń-´p-

≠v. B kµ¿`-ß-fn-se√mw kk-t¥mjw ]oU-\-ßƒ kln-

®p-sIm≠v Xßƒ F√m hn[-Øn-ep≈ imco-cnI XymK-Øn\pw

k∂-≤-cm-sW∂v Ah¿ sXfn-bn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.

F∂m¬ C¥ybv°v ]pdØv AlvaZnIƒ°v Poh-XymKw sN

tø≠ kµ¿`w t\cn-Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn-´p-≠v. B kµ¿`-Øn¬ lZv

dØv AlvaZn(A)s‚ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ FX £a-tbmSpw kt¥m-

j-tØmSpw IqSn-bmWv B ]co-£ kzoI-cn-®-sX∂v Hcp-]t£,

hmb-\-°m¿ Adn-™n-´p-≠m-hmw. A^vKm-\n-ÿm≥ Aao¿

A_vZp¬ dlvams‚bpw Aao¿ l_o-_p-√m-Jm-s‚bpw `c-W-

Im-eØv c≠v ]pWym-flm-°ƒ AlvaZn-bm-sb∂ Imc-W-Øm¬

amXw G‰hpw \njvTq-c-amb hn[-Øn¬ sIm√-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠mbn.

Ah-cn¬ Hcm-fmb lZvdØv auem\m kønZv A_vZp-√-Øo^v

kmln-_v, aX-]m-finXyw kw_-‘n®p G‰hpw D∂X\ne-bn-

ep≈ Hcp am\y-\m-bn-cp-∂-Xn\v ]pdsa euIn-I-amb \ne-bnepw

_lp-am-\y-\m-sbmcp ]am-Wnbpw Bbn-c-°-W-°n-em-fp-I-fpsS

Cam-ap-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-cn-cp-hcpw acWw kzoI-cn-s®-¶nepw kXy-

hn-izmkw ssIhn-Sm≥ CjvS-s∏-ń-√. lZvdØv auem\m kønZv

A_vZp¬e-Øo^v kmln-_ns‚ ]Zhn AX-ta¬ D∂-X-am-bn-

cp-∂p˛ Aao¿ l_o-_p-√m-Jms‚ Inco-S-[m-c-W-I¿Ωw \S-Øn-

bXv At±-l-am-bn-cp-∂p. cmP-Iob Z¿_m-dn¬ At±-l-Øn\v hf-

sc-b-[nIw kzm[o-\-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬, temIØp \n∂v

Db¿Ø-s∏- p-t]mb kXy-hn-izmkw lZvdØv AlvaZns‚ am¿§-

Øn¬IqSn A√mlp At±-l-Øn\p \evIn-b-t∏mƒ B kXy-

hn-izm-k-Øn\pth≠n F√m euInI ]Z-hn-I-fpw At±lw ]cn-

Xy-Pn-°p-Ibpw HSp-hn¬ Poh-s\-t∏mepw _en-b¿∏n-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp. AlvaZnøØn¬\n∂v ]n¥n-cn-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ At±-

lsØ aptº-sb∂-t]mse am\y-\m-°m-sa∂pw At±-l-Øns‚

264 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

]Zhn h¿≤n-∏n°m-sa∂pw Aao¿ l_o-_p-√m-Jm≥ At±-l-

Øn\v ASn-°Sn Dd∏p \evIp-Ibpw A√m-Ø-]£w At±-l-

Øns‚ in£ ac-W-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v Xm°oXv \evIp-Ibpw

sNbvXp. Xs‚ Bflm-hn-t\mSv A\p-I-º-bn-s√-¶n¬ `mcym-k-

¥m-\-ß-tfm-sS-¶nepw A\p-Iº tXm∂n Xs‚ Cu A`n-]m-b-

Øn¬ \n∂v ]n¥n-cn-b-W-sa∂p l_o-_p-√m-Jm≥ At±-l-

tØmSv D]-tZ-in-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. F∂m¬, kXy-hn-izm-k-tØ-

°mƒ bmsXm-∂n\pw ]m[m\yw \evIm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-s√∂

Htcsbmcp adp-]-Sn-bmWv At±lw \evIn-b-Xv.

Ê^Î˜Ú^]ÞkÎ^š]ÞùÛîÏ–oâF„å]ÖvnFçé]Ö‚ùÞn^Xm¶ƒ CjvS-ap-≈Xv sNbvXpsIm-≈pI. GXm-bmepw Xm¶-

fpsS hn[n Cu temIsØ amXw _m[n-°p∂ H∂m-Wv.

HSp-hn¬, Im_q-fnse aue-hn-am¿ At±-l-Øns‚ta¬

Ip^vdns‚ ^Xvh \evIn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xpw kXy-hn-izm-k-Øn¬

\n∂v At±-lsØ ]n¥n-cn-∏n-°m≥ ]tem-`-\-ßfpw òj-Wn-

Ifpw ]cym-]vX-am-Im-ØXpw I≠-t∏mƒ At±-lsØ ico-c-Øn

s‚ a[y-`m-Kw-hsc aÆn¬ Ipgn-®n-´p. AXn-\p-tijw ho≠pw

Aao¿ At±-l-Øns‚ ASp-°ƒ sN∂v C\nbpw Xs‚ A`n-

]m-b-Øn¬\n∂v aS-ßp-hm≥ ka-b-ap-s≠∂v At±-l-tØmSv ]d-

™p. AXn-\pw, hnizmkw hn¬°p-hm≥ Xm≥ Hcp-°-an-s√-∂p≈

adp-]-Sn-bmWv At±lw \evIn-b-Xv. At∏mƒ At±-l-Øns‚

t\sc Is√-dn-bp-hm≥ Aao¿ Iev]n-®p. AX-\p-k-cn®v \m\m-`m-

KØp\n∂pw At±-l-Øn\pt\sc Is√-dn-bm≥ XpS-ßn. F∂m

¬, I≠-h¿ ]d-bp-∂p. B c‡-km£n "Atøm' F∂p hnfn-

°p-I-t]mepw sNbvXn-s√-∂v. Ah-km-\w, \nc-]-cm-[nbpw a¿±n-

X-\p-amb B ssZh- -‡s‚ Bflmhv Iogvtem-IØp\n∂v ta¬

tem-IØv ]d∂pt]mbn. CXp-t]mseXs∂ CXn-\p-ap-tº au

em\m kønZv A_vZp-¬ eØo-^v kmln-_ns‚ injy-\m-bn-cp

∂ auem\m A_-vZp¿dlvam≥Jm≥ kmln_pw A^vLm≥

Aao¿ A_vZp¿dlvam≥Jms‚ I¬]-\-]-Imcw sIm√-s∏-ń-´p-

≠m-bn-cp-∂p. At±-lhpw sIm√-s∏-Sm≥ CjvS-s∏- -X-√msX kXy-

hn-izmkw ssIsbm-gn-°m≥ Hcp-ßn-bn-√. ]n∂oSv Aao¿ Aam-

\p-√m-Jms‚ c-W-Im-eØpw AlvaZnbmb Imc-W-Øm¬ amXw

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 265

Hcp bph-`-‡-\m-bn-cp∂ auehn \nAvaØp-√m-Jm≥ kmln_v*

Is√-dn™p sIm√-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn. At±-lhpw kmln_v

kmZm auem\m A_vZp-√-Øo^v kmln-_n-s\-t∏m-se-Øs∂

Bfl-Xym-K-Øns‚ G‰hpw DXv°r-jvS-amb amXrI ImWn-°p-

Ibpw Xs‚ hnizm-k-Øn¬ Hcp ]¿∆-Xw-t]mse Dd-®p-\n-ev°p-

Ibpw sNbvXp. CXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ auehn A_vZp¬ leow

kmln_pw auehn \q¿-Aen kmln-_pw, Aam-\p-√m-Jms‚

`c-W-Im-eØpXs∂ h[n°-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn. Ah-sc-√m-hcpw

G‰hpw DXv°r-jvS-amb amXrI ImWn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp (au-

ehn A_vZp√-Øo^v kmln-_ns‚ h[kw`-h-a-dn-bm≥ BK-

ln-°p-∂-h¿ Im_q-fnse F©n-\o-b¿ C≥ No^m-bn-cp∂ anÃ¿

am¿´n≥ Fgp-Xnb "A≠¿ Zn A_vk-eyq´v Aao¿' F∂ KŸw

hmbn-°p-I).

Npcp-°-Øn¬ AlvaZnøm Pam-AØv F√m hn[-Øn-ep≈

XymK-ßƒsIm≠pw Xßƒ°v G‰-hp-a-[nIw ]nb-s∏- Xv kXy-

hn-izm-k-am-sW∂ hkvXp-Xbv°v apZ IpØn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. AXn-

\p-th≠n euIn-I-amb F√m hkvXp-°-sfbpw _en-bm-°p-hm≥

Ah¿ Hcp-°-am-Wv. AXn-\m¬ GsXmcp kXy-hn-izm-k-sØ-

∏‰n AXv temI-Øp-\n∂v GSp-°-s∏´p t]mIp-sa∂pw F∂m¬,

akolv auDuZv AXns\ ho≠pw temI-Øp-sIm-≠p-h∂v ÿm]n-

°p-sa∂pw \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n ]h-Nn-®n-cp-∂pthm B kXy-hn-

izmkw AlvaZnøm Pam-A-Øn¬ Ds≠∂v sXfn-™n-cn-°p-∂p.

A√m-lp-hn\p kvXpXn, Cu hn[-Ønepw akolv auDu-Zns‚

AS-bmfw lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)¬ ]q¿Øn-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

A√m-lp-hns‚ km£y-apZ

ChnsS as‰mcp ImcywIqSn Hm¿Ω-sh-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. kXy-

hn-izm-k-Øn\v Hcp Zmks‚ `mKØp \n∂p-≠m-bn-cn-t°-≠Xv

ta¬]-d™ A©v AS-bm-f-ß-fm-Wv. GsXm-cm-fn¬ Cu AS-

bm-f-ßƒ ImW-s∏-Sp-∂pthm Abmƒ kXy-hn-izm-kn-bm-sW∂p

sXfn-bp-∂-Xp-am-Wv. F∂m¬, Chbv°p ]pdsa as‰mcp AS-

bmfw IqSn-bp≠v. AXv Cu AS-bm-f-ßsf kXy-s∏-Sp-Øp∂

* Ct±lw auem\m _n. A–p√m kmln_v F®v.-F-(d-lv)bpsS kl-]m-Tn-

bm-bn-cp∂p (hnh.).

266 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

Hcp apZ-bm-Wv. B AS-bm-f-apZ IpØn-°-gn-™m¬ bmsXmcp

hn[-amb kwi-b-Øn\pw CS-bp-≠m-Ip-∂-X-√. AXn-Xm-Wv˛

Ft∏mƒ ASn-bm≥ kXy-hn-izmkw ssIs°m-≈p-∂pthm

At∏mƒ A√mlp kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v hmKvZm\w \evInb

hn[-Øn¬ Ah-t\mSv s]cp-am-dp-∂-Xm-Wv. DZm-l-c-W-am-bn,

A√mlp ]d-bp-I-bmWv:˛

""Cl-Ønepw \mw \ΩpsS ZqX∑m-tcbpw kXyhnizm-

knItfbpw klm-bn-®psIm-≠n-cn°pw'' (hn.-Jp, 40:52). ""Ah¿°v

Cu -tem-IPohn-X-Øn¬Xs∂ Z¿i-\-ßfpw C¬lm-ap-Ifpw hgn-

bmbn \Ωn¬\n-∂p≈ kphn-tijw e`n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°pw'' (hn.-

Jp. 10:65).

A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v kXy-hn-izm-kn-°v Cu temIØv sh®p

In´p∂ km£y-]-X-amW-Xv. AXn-\p-tijw Abm-fpsS kXy-

hn-izm-k-sØ-∏‰n kwi-bn-°p-∂Xv Atß-b‰w hnUvVn-Ø-am-

bn-cn-°pw. BZysØ A©v AS-bm-f-ßƒ kXy-hn-izm-kn-bpsS

`mK-Øp-\n∂v ]q¿Æ-ambn ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Cu AS-

bmfw A√m-lp-hns‚ mKØp\n∂pw ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p.

kXyhpw Ak-Xyhpw XΩn¬ Iq´n-°p-g-bm-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-

th≠n Cu HSp-hn-esØ AS-bm-fhpw D≠m-bn-cn-t°-≠Xv AXym-

h-iy-am-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬, _p≤n-am≥am¿°v a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-

bp-sa-¶n-epw, s]mXp-P-\-ßsf h©n-°m≥ th≠ntbm As√

¶n¬ Xs∂-Øm≥ h©n-°m≥ th≠ntbm a\p-jy≥, Ah-\n¬

kXy-hn-izm-k-Øns‚ e£-W-ßƒ C√m-Xn-cp-∂n´pw AXp-

s≠∂v Nne-t∏mƒ hnNm-cn-°p-∂p. As√-¶n¬ a‰p h√-scbpw

]‰n Ah-cn¬ kXy-hn-izm-k-Øns‚ e£-W-ßƒ D≈-Xn-t\mSv

IqSn-Øs∂ AXn-s√∂v hnNm-cn®p If-bp-∂p. Cu Ah-ÿ-I-

fn¬, A√m-lp-hns‚ mKØp\n∂v ]Xy-£-am-Ip∂ HSp-hn-esØ

Cu AS-bmfw \n¿Æm-b-I-amb Hcp-]m-[n-bm-Wv. Cu AS-bm-

fsØ ap≥\n-dpØn t\m°n-bmepw A√mlp kXy-hn-izm-k-sa∂v

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 267

]d-™n- p≈ B bYm¿∞ kXy-hn-izm-k-Øn¬ Dd®p \nev°p-

∂Xv AlvaZnøm Pam-AØv amX-am-sW∂v kqcy-]-Imiw

t]mse ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)s\ GXp-hn-

[-Øn-emWv At±-l-Øns‚ iXp-°ƒs°-Xn-cmbn ssZhn-I-k-

lmbw hnP-bn-∏n-®-sX-∂-Xns‚ Npcp-ßnb hnh-cWw aptº

tN¿Øn-´p-≠v. AtX-]-Imcw AlvaZn-I-fpsS ÿnXn-sb-∏‰n

ho£n-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n-epw, ssZh-k-lm-bhpw klmbw kw_-

‘n® hmKvZm-\hpw Ah-tcm-Sp-IqSn ]h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv hy‡-

ambn ImWm≥ Ign-bpw. A√m-lp-hns‚ ImcpWyw sIm≠v, e£-

°-W-°n¬ AlvaZn-Iƒ Ah-cpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ GsX-¶n-ep-

samcp hn[-Øn¬ B ssZh-k-lmbw Z¿in-®n-´p-≈-h-cm-Wv.

A√mlp kXy-Z¿i-\-ßƒsIm≠pw Iiv^p-IƒsIm≠pw

C¬lm-ap-IƒsIm≠pw A\p-K-ln® AlvaZn-I-fm-hs´, Bbn-

c-°-W-°n-ep-≠v.

_oPm-hm]w ]q¿Øn-bm-bn-°-gn™p

A√m-lp-hn\p \µn. akolv auDu-Zns‚ ]Øm-asØ AS-

bm-f-am-bn, At±lw apJm-¥cw ]q¿Øn-bm-Ip-sa∂v ]d-b-s∏-ń-

cn-°p∂ ]hrØn lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) aptJ\ ]q¿Øn-bm-bn-

°-gn-™n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v Rm≥ CXn-\Iw sXfn-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

AXp-sIm≠v At±-l-Øn-\p-tijw as‰mcp ako-ln-s\bpw alvZn-

sbbpw ImØn-cn-t°≠ ImcWw tijn-°p-∂n-√, A√m-lp-hns‚

]hrØn Hcn-°epw Dt±-iy-c-ln-X-am-bn-cn-°n-√. ako-ln\pw

alvZn°pw \n›-bn-°-s∏´ ]hrØn lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) apJm-

¥cw Ah≥ ]q¿Øn-bm-°n-sb-¶n¬ a‰m-sc-¶nepw h∂p AtX

]hr-Øn-Xs∂ ho≠pw sNøp-sa∂v hnNm-cn-°p-∂Xv \nc¿∞hpw

Akw-_-‘-hp-am-Wv. hr£w AXns‚ êw sIm≠mWv Adn-

b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)s‚ hr£w ako-ln-s‚bpw

alvZn-bp-sSbpw êw D¬∏m-Zn-∏n-®p-sh-¶n¬ At±-lsØ ako-

lpw, alvZn-bp-ambn hniz-kn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂-h¿ Ah-cpsS ]cy-

h-km-\-sØ-°p-dn®v Btem-Nn®psIm≈-s´.

B ]hr-Øn-bpsS e£Ww ]cn-]q¿Æ-amb \ne-bn¬ CXp-

268 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

h-scbpw ]Xy-£-am-bn-ń-s√∂pw esØ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØm

fw AXns‚ ]cn[n hfsc ]cn-an-X-am-sW∂pw ]d-bp-∂Xv Ahn-

th-I-am-Wv. \_n-am-cp-sSbpw dkq¬am-cp-sSbpw ]hrØn hnØp

hnX-bv°pI F∂Xv amX-am-Wv. AXv ]n∂o-SmWv apf-bv°p-Ibpw

hf-cp-Ibpw ]pjv]n-°p-Ibpw Imbv°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xv. AXn-

\m¬, \_n-am¿°v \n›-bn-°-s∏-ń-´p≈ ]Wn Ah-cpsS Pohn-

X-Øn¬ Hcn-°epw ]q¿Øn-bm-hp-I-bn-√. Ah-cpsS ssIbm¬

_oPm-hm]w amXsa \S-°p-I-bp-≈q. CXv F√m \_n-am-cp-sSbpw

ImeØv ImWm-hp∂ Hcp hg-°-am-Wv. t\m°p-I, \_n Xncp-ta-

\n-bpsS BK-a-t\m-t±-iy-sØ-∏‰n eb-Iq\ en¬-B-e-ao\ \Zodm

F∂pw en bpfvln-dlq Ae-±o\n Ip√nln F∂p-amWv hnip≤

Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂-Xv. AXns‚ A¿∞w F√m P\-X-Iƒ°pw

Xs‚ ktµiw FØn-°m\pw apgp-h≥ temI-Øn\pw ]t_m-[-

I-\m-bn-cn-°m\pw th≠n-bmWv \mw Cu dkq-ens\ Ab-®n-´p-

≈-sX∂pw (hn.-Jp. 25:2). Ckvemans\ as‰√m aX-ßƒ°p-sa-

Xn-cn¬ hnP-bn-∏n-°m≥ th≠n-bmWv \mw Cu dkq-ens\ Ab-

®n-´p-≈-sX∂pw (hn.-Jp. 9:33) BIp-∂p. AXp-t]m-se-Øs∂

Xm≥ Idp-Ø-h¿°pw shfp-Ø-h¿°pw A√m-lp-hns‚ ktµ-

ihpw sIm≠p-h∂ Bfm-sW∂v \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n ]d-™-Xmbn

lZo-Ynepw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬, \_n-Xn-cp-ta-

\n-bpsS Pohn-X-Im-eØv At±-l-Øns‚ ktµiw temIw apgp-

h≥ hym]n-°p-I-bp-≠mtbm? F√m P\-X-Iƒ°pw At±lw ]

t_m-[\w \evIp-I-bp-≠mtbm? F√m aX-ß-fp-ambpw At±lw

G‰p-ap- p-I-bp-≠mtbm? Hcn-°-ep-an-√. t\sc-a-dn-®v, At±-l-Øns‚

PohnX-Im-eØv At±-l-Øns‚ ktµiw Atd-_y-bnepw AXn-

t\mSv sXm´-SpØ GXm\pw cmPy-ß-fnepw amXsa FØn-bn-cp-

∂p-≈q. temI-Øns‚ `qcn-]-£-]-tZ-iØpw At\Iw P\-X-I

fnepw ]e aXm-\p-bm-bn-I-fnepw At±-l-Øns‚ t]¿ t]mepw

FØn-bn-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. AXp-sIm≠v (\-Du-Zp-_n-√m-lv) A

t±lw hnP-bn-®n-s√∂pw At±lw GsXmcp ]hr-Øn-°mbn

\ntbm-Kn-°-s∏-´pthm B ]hrØn ]q¿Øn-bm-bn-s√∂pw ]d-

bm-\m-Iptam? Hcn-°-ep-an-√. temIØv XpeyX ImWm≥ Ign-

bmØ hnP-b-amWv At±-l-Øn-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. AXn-\m¬,

GsX-¶nepw Hcp \_nt°m dkq-ent\m \n›-bn-°-s∏-ń-´p≈

]hrØn At±-l-Øns‚ Pohn-X-Im-eØv ]cn-]q¿Æ-ambn \nd-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 269

th-‰-s∏-Sm-dn-s√∂pw t\sc-a-dn®v At±lw aptJ\ B ]hr-

Øn-bpsS _oPm-hm]w amXsa \S-°m-dp-≈q-sh∂pw AXn-\p-

tijw At±-l-Øns‚ Jeo-^-amcpw Pam-AØpw hgn-bmbn

A√mlp Ia-Øn¬ Ia-Øn¬ B ]hrØn ]q¿Øn-s∏-Sp-Øm-

dmWv ]Xn-sh∂pw CXn¬\n∂v hy‡-am-Ip-∂p. GsX-¶nepw

dkq-ens‚ Pohn-X-Øn¬ B _oPm-hm]]h¿Ø-\-Øns‚

e£Ww ImW-s∏-Sp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ Imcyw \n›-b-ambpw kwi-b-

K-kvX-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬, ako-ln\pw alvZn°pw \n›-

bn-°-s∏-´n-cp∂ B al-Ømb ]hr-Øn-bpsS _oPm-hm]-]-

h¿Ø\w lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) aptJ\ ]cn-]q¿Æ-ambpw \n-d-

th-dn-bn-´p-s≠∂v kwi-b-Øn-\n-S-an-√m-Ø-hn[w sXfn-™p-I-gn-

™n-cn-°p-∂p. C\n B _oPw A√m-lp-hns‚ kp∂-Ø-\p-k-

cn®v hf-cp-Ibpw ]pjv]n-°p-Ibpw Imbv°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-

Wv. AXns\ Hcmƒ°pw XSp-°p-hm≥ km[n-°p-I-bn-√.

\ΩpsS bP-am-\-cmb lZvdØv apl-ΩZv apkvX- m(-k) Xncp-

ta\n At±-l-Øns‚ ]hr-Øn-bpsS _oPm-hm]w \S-Øn. AXv

ImWp-hm\pw a\- n-em-°p-hm\pw ian-°msX At±-lsØ

\ntj-[n-®-h¿ A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-K-l-Øn¬ \n∂v Zqc-s∏-

SpI amX-a-√, Ahs‚ tIm]-Øn\v ]mX-am-hpI IqSn sNbvXp.

AXp-t]mseXs∂ Cu ImeØpw At±-l-Øns‚ tkh-I-\mb

lZvdØv AlvaZpw Xs‚ ]hr-Øn-bpsS _oPm-hm]w \S-Øn-

bn-cn-°p-∂p. ssZh-\n-bp-‡-\mb At±-lsØ Xncn-®-dn-bm-Xn-

cn-°p-Ibpw \nc¿∞-I-amb Ipkr-Xn-Ifpw Ipbp-‡n-Ifpw sIm≠v

At±-lsØ A[n-t£-]n-°p-Ibpw \ntj-[n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-

h¿ Bcm-bn-cp-∂mepw Ah¿ Adn-™p-sIm-≈-s´, Ahcpw A√m-

lp-hns‚ A\p-Kl-Øn¬ \n∂v Zqc-s∏-Sp-Ibpw Ahs‚ tIm]-

Øn\v ]mX-am-hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv. lZvdØv AlvaZv(A)

]d-bp-I-bmWv:-

270 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

kvt\ln-X∑m-tc, GsXm-cmƒ htc-≠n-bn-cp-∂pthm Abmƒ

h∂p Ign-™p. Cu clkyw kqcy-N-µ≥am¿ \nßƒ°v Im

Wn®p Xcn-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ct∏mƒ \q‰m-≠n¬\n∂v ]Xn-t\-gp-

sIm√w Ign-™p-t]m-bn. \nß-fn¬\n∂v Btem-N-\m-i-‡n-bp-

≈-h¿ Fhn-sS-t∏mbn? Ipd-s®m-∂p-a-√, \nßƒ°v AS-bm-f-ßƒ

ImWn®p X∂n-´p-≈-Xv. \nßƒ°v ImWn®p X∂Xv FX ]cn-

ip-≤-amb cl-ky-am-bn-cp∂p? ]t£, \nßƒ AXn¬\n∂v bm

sXmcp e-hp-sa-Sp-Øn-√. \nßfm kp]sb apJw Xncn®p AI-

‰-n°-f-bp-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv.

Pam-A-Øns‚ A`n-hr-≤nsb kw_-‘n®

Hcp al-Ømb ]h-N\w

""F\n°v hf-sc-b-[nIw alØzw \evIp-sa∂pw Ft∂m-Sp

≈ kvt\lw lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ IpSn-bn-cp-Øp-sa∂pw Fs‚ Pam-

A-Øns\ qan-temIw apgp-h≥ ]c-Øp-sa∂pw F√m I£n-I-fp-

tSbpw-ta¬ Fs‚ I£nsb hnP-bn-∏n-°p-sa∂pw Fs‚ I£n-

bnse Bfp-Iƒ Xß-fpsS kXy-k-‘-X-bpsS ]Im-ihpw sX

fnhpIfpw Zr„m-¥-ßfpw aptJ\ F√m-h-cp-tSbpw hmb-S-∏n-°pw-

hn[w Adn-hnepw ⁄m\-Ønepw ]cn-]q¿ÆX ssIh-cn-°p-

sa∂pw A√mlp Fs∂ Bh¿Øn-®m-h¿Øn®v Adn-bn-®n-cn-

°p-∂p. F√m P\-Xbpw Cu \ocpd-hn¬\n∂v ]m\w sNøp-∂-

Xm-Wv. Cu Pam-AØv AXn-thKw hf-cpw, ]pjv]n°pw FX-

tØm-f-sa-∂m¬, `qan apgp-h≥ AXv hebw sNøpw. \nc-h[n

XS- -ß-fp-≠m-Ipw. ]co-£-W-ßƒ hcpw. ]t£, A√mlp kI-

eXpw CS-bn¬\n∂v \o°n-°-f-bpw. Xs‚ hmKvZm\w Ah≥

]q¿Øn-bm-°pw.

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 271

5. Hcp XmØznI kao£

cnhm-bØv sNø-s∏´ AS-bm-f-ßsf kw_-‘n® N¿® Npcp-

ßnb tXmXn¬ \mw \S-Øn-°-gn-™p. F∂m¬, Hcp kwi-b-

\n-hm-cWw _m°n-bp-≠v. AXm-b-Xv, alvZoako-lns‚ AS-bm-

f-ßƒ s]mXp-hn¬ lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)¬ ]q¿Øn-bm-bn-´p-

s≠-¶nepw cnhm-bØv sNø-s∏´ AS-bm-f-ß-fpsS Nne hni-Zo-

I-c-W-ßƒ \nd-th-dn-bn-´n-s√∂p ]d-bp-∂p. AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂

lZo-Yp-I-fn¬ \nt∂m kzlm-_-Øns‚ ]kvXm-h-\-I-fn¬ \n

t∂m A\p-am-\n-®p-sImt≠m As√-¶n¬ Xß-fpsS kz¥w A`n-

]m-bsØ ASn-ÿm-\-am-°ntbm De-am-°ƒ FgpXnbn´p≈

kwK-Xn-I-fn¬ NneXpw CXp-hsc \nd-th-dn-bn-´n-s√∂p ]d-b-

s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v. Cu kwi-b-Øn-\p≈ adp-]Sn CXm-Wv. De-am-°-

fpsS A`n-]m-b-Øn\p Rßƒ DØ-c-hm-Zn-I-f-√. F∂m¬, cnhm-

bØp sNøs∏´ bYm¿∞-amb AS-bm-f-ßsf kw_-‘n®v c≠v

Imcy-ßƒ Hm¿Ω-sh-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. GsXm-cmƒ A√m-lp-hns\

`b-s∏-´p-sIm≠v B c≠v Imcy-ß-sf-∏‰n Nn¥n-°ptam Abm

ƒ°v \n›-b-ambpw kXyw Is≠-Øm≥ Ign-bp-sa-∂mWv Rß

ƒ hnNm-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

H∂m-asØ Imcyw CXm-Wv. F√m ssZh-\n-bp-‡≥amsc

kw_-‘n®pw ]d-b-s∏- n- p≈ AS-bm-fßƒ°v samØ-amb Hcp

Xm¬]-cy-ap-≠v. F√m AS-bm-f-ß-fp-sSbpwta¬ H∂mbn ho

£Ww sNep-Øp-∂XpsIm≠v AXv a\- n-em-°m≥ km[n-°pw.

AXp-sIm≠v cnhm-bØv sNø-s∏´ AS-bm-f-ß-fpsS samØ-amb

B Xm¬]cyw F¥m-sW∂v H∂m-a-Xmbn \mw [cn-®n-cn-°-Ww.

cnhm-bØp sNø-s∏´ AS-bm-f-ß-fn¬ \n∂v, alvZo-a-ko-lns‚

BK-a-\-Øn\v \n›-bn-°-s∏´ GsXmcp s]mXp-A-h-ÿ-bmWv

samØ-Øn¬ cq]o-Ir-X-am-Ip-∂-sX∂v \mw a\- n-em°Ww.

H∂p-IqSn hy‡-ambn ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, F√m AS-bm-f-ß-

fp-sSbpw AhbpsS hymJym-\-ß-fp-sSbpw ta¬ H∂msI

ho£Ww sNep-Øn-s°m≠pw ssZh-Z-Ø-amb _p≤n D]-tbm-

Kn®psIm≠pw cnhm-bØp sNø-s∏´ F√m AS-bm-f-ß-fp-sSbpw

272 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

bYm¿∞-amb Dt±-iyhpw e£yhpw Poh\pw cXv\-®p-cp-°hpw

Igºpw ImX-ep-sa∂v ]d-bm-hp∂ GsXmcp s]mXp Ah-ÿ-

bmWv Adn-bp-am-dm-Ip-∂-sX∂v \mw a\ nemt°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-

∂p. Aßs\ F√m AS-bm-f-ß-fp-sSbpw Ah-bpsS hymJym-\-

ß-fp-sSbpwta¬ samØamb Ah-tem-I\w \SØn Hcp s]mXp

Ahÿ I≠p-]n-Sn-®-Xn\ptijw B Ah-ÿ-bpsS apºn¬

hmZnsb I≠p-sIm≠v At±-l-Øns‚ kXy-sØ-°p-dn®v Xo¿∏p-

I¬]n-°-Ww. hmZn-bpsS ÿnXn B s]mXp-Xm¬]-cy-Øn\v

tbmPn-®-Xm-hp-I-bpw, s]mXp-hmb B Xm¬]-cy-sØbpw Ah-

ÿ-sbbpw kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw At±-l-Øns‚ hmZw kwi-

b-Øn-∂nS-bn-√m-Ø-Xm-hp-Ibpw adp-`m-KØv _p≤n-]-c-amb tcJ-

Iƒ ]tXy-In®v hnip≤Jp¿-B≥sIm≠v kXy-am-sW∂v sXfn-

™n-´p≈ tcJ-Iƒ At±-l-Øns‚ hmZ-sØ kXy-s∏-Sp-Øp-

Ibpw sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ hymJym\w kw_-‘n® Nne A`n-

]m-b-hy-Xym-k-ßsf \mw A√m-lp-hns‚ ]°¬ c-taev]n-°p-

Ibpw B hmZn kXy-hm-\m-sW∂v kΩ-Xn-°p-Ibpw sNø-Ww.

CXmWv c£-bpsS hgn. Cu hgn-bmWv k÷-\-ßƒ Ft∏mgpw

kzoI-cn-®n- p-≈-Xv.

cnhm-bØv sNø-s∏´ ASbm-f-ßƒ Ah-bpsS s]mXp-

Xm¬]-cy-Øns‚ \ne-bn¬ Hcp hmZnsb kXy-hm-\m-sW∂v

sXfn-bn-°p-tºmƒ \ΩpsS A`n-]m-b-Øn¬ Nne hymJym-\-

ßƒ CXp-h-scbpw \nd-th-dn-bn-s√∂ Imc-W-Øm¬ amXw \mw

At±-lsØ \ntj-[n-°p-∂Xv \mi-Øns‚ hgn-bm-sW-∂p-≈Xv

]Xy-£-am-Wv. F√m kXy-hn-izm-k-t]-an-Ifpw AXn¬\n∂v

Hgn™p \nevt°-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p. AS-bm-f-ß-fpsS bYm¿∞-amb

Poh≥ Ah-bpsS s]mXp-Xm¬]-cy-am-Wv. AXn-\m¬, B s]mXp-

Xm¬]cyw hmZn-bpsS kXy-Øn\v apZ IpØp-tºmƒ \mw Zqsc

\n∂v hen-®n-g®p sIm≠ph∂ Nne hymJym-\-ß-fnt∑¬ ]‰n-

∏n-Sn®p \nev°p-∂Xpw B Imc-W-Øm¬, F√m AS-bm-f-ßfpw

s]mXp-hn¬ kXy-km-£y-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p≈ hmZnsb kw_-‘n®v

kwi-bn-°p-∂Xpw Atß-b‰w Ahn-th-I-am-bn-cn-°pw. cnhm-bØv

sNø-s∏´ AS-bm-f-ß-fpsS s]mXpXm¬]cyw X∂n¬ ]q¿Øn

bm-°p-I-sb-∂Xv Hcp `‡-Zm-ks‚ Ign-hn¬ s]´ Imcy-a√.

F∂m¬, hymJym-\-ßsf kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Nne Ah-ÿ-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 273

bn¬ Hcp Zmk\v Ahs‚ ÿnXn Ah-tbmSv tbmPn® \ne-

bn¬ B°n-Øo¿°m≥ Ign-bp-sa∂v hnNm-cn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

AXp-sIm≠v ]q¿Æ-amb a\- m-∂n-≤y-tØmSpw kwXr-]vXn-

tbmSpw IqSn-Øs∂ Rßƒ ]d-bp-∂p, Hcp `mKØv hmKvZm\w

sNø-s∏´ alvZo-a-ko-lns\ kw_-‘n®v hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬

\n∂pw kzlo-lmb lZo-Yp-I-fn¬\n∂pw Fs¥√mw AS-bm-f-

ßƒ ÿm]n-X-am-hp-∂pt≠m Ah-bp-sS-sb√mw s]mXp Xm¬

]cyw hy‡hpw Jfin-X-hp-amb \ne-bn¬ lZvdØv Alv

aZn(A)¬ ImWm≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xm-Wv. Cu Imcy-Øn¬, Jfin-

X-amb tcJ-Iƒ sIm≠pw hy‡-amb sXfn-hp-Iƒ sIm≠pw

At±-l-Øns‚ kXyw ÿm]n-°m≥ I-gn-bp-∂-Xp-am-Wv. a\p-jy≥

hntZzjw sIm≠v A‘-\m-hp-Ibpw B]¬°-c-amb Zp¿≤m-c-

Wbv°v hiw-h-Z-\m-hp-Ibpw sNbvXm-e-√msX B Imcy-Øn¬

kwi-b-Øn\v CS-bp-≠m-hp-∂-X-√. adp- m-K-Øv, AS-bm-f-ß-fpsS

hymJym-\-ß-fn¬\n∂v hen-sbmcp `mKw, AXm-bXv hnip≤

Jp¿-B≥ ]d-™n-´p≈ AS-bm-f-ß-fpsS _lp-`q-cn-`m-Khpw

hy‡hpw kv]jvS-hp-amb \ne-bn¬ ]q¿Øn-bm-bn-°-gn-™n-cn-

°p-∂p. Ah-ti-jn-®n-´p≈ `mK-tØbpw _p≤n-]q¿∆-amb

hymJym\wsIm≠pw ]q¿Øn-bmb `mK-tØmSv tbmPn-∏n-°m≥

Ign-bpw. Cu Ah-ÿ-bn¬, GsX-¶nepw imJm-]-c-amb hymJym-

\-ßsf ap≥\n-dp-Øn-s°m≠v imTyw ]nSn-°p-∂Xpw lZvdØv

AlvaZn(A)s‚ hmZsØ kXy-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ kqcy-]-Imiw

t]mep≈ B sXfn-hp-Isf Nh-dp-t]mse Fdn-™p If-bp-∂Xpw

FX-tØmfw Zu¿`m-Ky-I-c-amWv! AØcw Bfp-I-sf-∏‰n Ah¿

Dt±-iy-ip-≤n-bp-≈-h-cm-sW∂v ]d-bp-hm≥ Hcp hn[-Ønepw \nhr-

Øn-bn-√. Ah¿ lrZ-b-]q¿∆w kXysØ At\z-jn-°p-∂-h-cm-

sW∂v hnNm-cn-°m\pw Xc-an-√. t\sc-a-dn®v Ah¿ \n›-b-ambpw

Alw-`m-h-Øn\pw hntZz-j-Øn\pw ]£-]m-X-Øn\pw Cc-bm-b-

Xmbn \ap°v ImWm≥ Ign-bpw. Fs¥-∂m¬, Xß-fpsS A`n-

]m-b-Øn-\-\p-Iq-e-ambn In´p∂ \ymb-ßsf ISp-I-f-hp-t]mepw

Ah¿ ssIsbmgn-°p-I-bn-√. ]t£, Ah-cpsS Xm¬]-cy-Øn-

s\-Xn-cmb Imcy-ß-fn-em-sW-¶n¬ sXfn-hp-I-fpsS Hcp ae \evIn-

bmepw AX-h¿ Nh-dp-t]mse Fdn-™p If-bpIbpw sNøpw.

274 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

"hgn-bpsS AI¬® GXp-ap-X¬ GXp-hsc Bbn-cn-°p-∂p-

sh∂v t\m°p-I'.

c≠m-a-Xmbn Adn-™n-cn-t°≠ kwKXn CXm-Wv. A√m-

lp-hns‚ \_n-am-scbpw dkq¬am-scbpw P\-ßƒ \ntj-[n-°p-

I-sb-∂Xv F∂pw \ne-\n-∂p-h∂ Hcp hg-°-am-Wv. hnip≤ Jp¿-

B≥ ]cn-tim-[n®p t\m°p-I. Hcp \_n-tbbpw At±-l-Øns‚

P\-ßƒ H∂m-asØ hnfn-°p-Xs∂ kzoI-cn-®-Xmbn ImWp-hm≥

Ign-bp-I-bn-√. t\sc-a-dn-®v, Ahsc Ah-cpsS P\-ßƒ \ntj-

[n-°p-Ibpw ]cn-l-kn-°p-Ibpw I≈≥am-sc∂v hnfn-°p-Ibpw

FXn¿°p-I-bp-amWv sNbvXn-´p-≈-Xv. IqSm-sX, Ign™ KŸ-

ß-fn¬ ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-´n-´p≈ AS-bm-f-ßƒ Ah-cn¬ ImWp-

∂n-s√∂v Ah¿ Bt£-]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn- p-≠v. hnip≤ Jp¿-

B≥ ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv.

a\p-jy¿°v Atlm IjvSw! Ah-cpsS ]cn-lm-k-Øn\v

]mX-am-bn-´-√msX Hcp ssZh-Zq-X\pw Ah-cpsSbSp-°¬ hcp-

∂n√ (hn.-Jp. 36:31).

(A-√tbm P\-ß-sf) \nß-fpsS Bflm-°ƒ CjvS-s∏-

SmØ Imcyhpw sIm≠v \nß-fpsS ASp-°¬ \ΩpsS dkq¬

h∂-t∏m-sg√mw \nßƒ Al-¶m-cn-I-fm-hp-Ibpw Ah-cn¬ Nnesc

\nßƒ hymP-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw Nnesc sIm√m≥ ian-°p-I-bp-

at√ sNbvXn-´p-≈Xv? (hn.-Jp. 2:88).

Npcp°-Øn¬, F√m ssZh-\n-bp-‡cpw P\-ß-fpsS \ntj-

[-Øn\pw ]cn-lm-k-Øn\pw Bt£-]-Øn\pw shdp-∏n\pw

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 275

e£yam-hp-I-sb-∂Xv hnip≤Jp¿B≥ hnfn-t®m-Xp-Ibpw

NcnXw km£yw hln-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p≈ Hcp ]c-am¿∞-

am-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬, P\-ßƒ Ah-cpsS Aò-jvS-Øn\pw BK-

l-Øn\pw tbmPn® \ne-bne√ B ssZh-\n-bp-‡sc Is≠-

Øp-∂-Xv. P\-ßƒ Ahsc kw_-‘n®v as‰mcp cq]-amWv Xß-

fpsS Xe-bn¬ hc-®p-sh-®n-´p-≈-Xv. B ssZh-\n-bp-‡-cm-Is´

as‰mcp cq]-Øn¬ ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. CXn-\p≈

DZm-l-c-W-ßƒsIm≠v hnip≤Jp¿-B\pw a‰p aX-K-Ÿ-ßfpw

\nd™p InS-°p-I-bm-Wv. ChnsS c≠p-Zm-l-c-W-ßƒ amXw

FSpØp ImWn-°mw.

Cukm-\-_n, ako-lm-sW∂ hmZw ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-®-t∏mƒ

blq-Z¿ At±-lsØ \ntj-[n-°p-Ibpw A]-l-kn-°p-Ibpw

At±-l-Øns‚ hmZsØ ITn-\-ambn FXn¿°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

Xß-fpsS KŸ-ß-fn¬ hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ ako-ln-s\-∏‰n C∂-

bn∂ AS-bm-f-ßƒ Fgp-X-s∏-ń-´p-s≠∂pw B AS-bm-f-ß-f-

\p-k-cn-®√ At±lw h∂n-´p≈-sX∂pw Ah¿ hm-Zn-®p. DZm-l-

c-W-am-bn, ako-lns‚ BK-a-\-Øn\v aptº C¬bmkv \_n

BIm-i-Øn¬ \n∂v Cdßn hcp-sa∂pw AXn-\p-ti-jta akolv

hcn-I-bp-≈q-sh∂pw ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønse aem-Jn-bn¬ ]d-™n-´p-

≈-Xns\ (a-emJn \memw A≤ymbw 5˛mw hN-\w) Ah¿ Nq≠n-

°m-ń. F∂m¬, C¬bm-kv\_n BIm-i-Øp-\n∂v h∂n-´p-≠m-

bn-cp-∂n-√. (a-Ømbn 17.10). AXp-t]m-se-Øs∂ akolv Hcp

cmPm-hm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw At±lw aptJ\ Xßƒ°v hºn®

kmamPyw ssIh-cp-Ibpw \jvS-s∏- p-t]mb Xß-fpsS ]Xm]w

ho≠p-In- p-Ibpw sNøp-sa∂pw At±lw iXp-°-fp-ambn bp≤w

sNbvXp Ahsc D≥aq-e\w sNøp-sa-∂p-ap≈ hmKvZm-\-ßsf

Ah¿ FSpØp ImWn-°p-Ibpw B Imcy-ßƒ \nd-th-dn-bn-ń-

s√∂v ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp (kp-hn-ti-j-ßƒ t\m°p-I).

CXn\v Cukm-\_n F¥p adp-]-Sn-bmWv \evIn-bXv? C¬bm-

kv\_n BIm-iØp \n∂v Cd-ßn-h-cp-sa∂v ]d-™-Xns‚

Dt±iyw At±-l-Øns‚ Hcp kZr-i≥ hcp-sa-∂m-sW∂pw AXp

h∂p Ign™ blvbm\_n-bm-sW-∂p-am-bn-cp∂p At±lw ]d-

™-Xv.(a-Ømbn 11-˛14). `c-Wm-[n-Im-csØ kw_-‘n®p AXp

euIn-I-`-c-W-a-s√∂pw t\sc-a-dn®v B≤ym-flnI `c-W-am-

276 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

sW∂pw At±lw hymJym-\n-®p. ]t£, blq-Z¿ B hymJym-

\-ßƒ kΩ-Xn-®n-√. Ah¿ _mlym¿∞-Øn¬Øs∂ iTn®p

\n∂p. AXp-t]m-se, Xm≥ aqkm-\-_n-bm¬ hmKvZm\w sNø-

s∏-´n-´p≈ AtX ]hm-N-I-\m-sW∂v \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n(-k.-A)

hmZn-®-t∏m-gpw, B ]hm-N-Is‚ AS-bm-f-ßƒ C∂n-∂-Xm-sW

∂pw Ah \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bn¬ ImWp-∂n-s√-∂p-amWv Alvep

¬InØm_v ]d-™-Xv. DZm-l-c-W-ambn B ]hm-N-I≥ _\q-C-

kvdm-bo-en¬\n∂p≈ Bfm-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂pw F∂m¬, \_n-

Xn-cpta\n _\q-C-kvam-bo-en¬\n∂p≈ Bfm-sW∂pw a‰pw

Ah¿ ]d-™p. ta¬]-d™ kwK-Xn-I-fn¬ \n∂v, AS-bm-f-ßsf

kw_-‘n® X¿°w ]pXn-b-X-s√∂pw AXv ]g-bXpw Npcp-ßn-

b-]£w c≠m-bncw sIm√w aptº-ap-X¬t° \S-∂p-h-cp-∂-Xp-

am-sW∂pw a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bpw. AXn-\m¬, Cu Imcy-Øn¬

\mw Icp-X-tem-Sp-Iq-Sn-bn-cn-t°-≠Xv AXym-h-iy-am-Wv. _≤-s∏ v

\ntj-[-Øn-te°v IpXn-°p-∂Xv icn-b-√. A√m-lp-hns‚ ]°¬

\n∂p≈ GsX-¶nepw AS-bm-f-ßƒ \nßsf ]co-£n-°m≥

th≠n-bp-≈-X-s√∂v \nßƒ°v Fßs\ Adn-bm≥ km[n°pw?

AXp-sIm≠v kq£n-®p-sIm-≈p-I, PmK-cq-I-cm-bn-cn-°p-I. aXn-a-

d∂ Ah-ÿ-bn¬ \nßƒ ]co-£-bn¬ AI-s∏-Sp-Ibpw ]cm-P-

b-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøm-Xn-cn-°-s´. blq-Z¿°v Cu Imcy-Øn¬

CS¿® ]‰p-Ibpw Ah¿ \ntj-[n-®p-sIm≠v ssZhtIm]-Øn\v

]mX-am-hp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. AXp-t]mse \nßƒ \ntj-

[n-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ \nßƒ blq-Z-tc-°mƒ IqSp-X-embn

in£bv°v A¿l-cm-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. ImcWw Ah-cpsS

apºn¬ Ah¿s°mcp A\p-`h km£y-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.

\nßƒ°m-sW-¶n¬ blq-Z≥am-cpsS hy‡-amb A\p-`-h-

km£yw apºn-ep-≠v. GsXm-cp-h≥ A\p- -h-km-£y-Øns‚ shfn-

®-ap-≠m-bn´pw CS¿®bv°v hiw-h-Z-\m-hp-∂pthm Ah≥ \n›-

b-ambpw IqSp-X¬ in£m¿l-\m-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xm-Wv.

hmb-\-°m¿ Hcp Imcyw IqSn \√Xp t]mse Btem-Nn-

t°-≠-Xp-≠v. AXm-bXv hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ GsX-¶nepw Hcm-

sf-∏‰n P\-ßƒ [cn-®n-cn-°p∂ F√m AS-bm-f-ßƒ°pw

tbmPn® \ne-bn¬ ISp-I-fhv hyXym-k-an-√msX At±lw hcp-

I-bm-sW-¶n¬, At±-lsØ \ntj-[n-°m≥ B¿s°-¶nepw Ign-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 277

bp-sa∂v _p≤n kΩ-Xn-°p-I-bn-√. t\scadn®v, At±-lsØ I≠

DS≥Xs∂ AXmWv hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ Bsf∂v P\-ßƒ

Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xm-Wv. Hcmƒ°pw \ntj-[n-°m≥ ]gp-Xp-≠m-hp-

I-bn-√. F∂m¬, \mw ImWp-∂Xpw hnip≤Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-

∂Xpw A√m-lp-hn-\m¬ \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏´ F√m-hcpw P\-ßfpsS

\ntj-[-Øn\v ]mX-am-hp-sa-∂m-Wv. Ncn-Xhpw CXn\v km£yw

hln-°p-∂p. ]tXy-In®v akolv auDu-Zns\ kw_-‘n®v Nne

cnhm-b-Øp-I-fn¬ At±lw AXn-I-Tn-\-ambn \ntj-[n-°-s∏-Sp-

∂-Xm-sW∂pw At±lw Im^ndpw ap¿Ø-±p-ambn Icp-X-s∏-Sp-

∂-Xm-sW∂pw ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏- n- p-≠v (lp-PPp¬ Indmax). Cu

ÿnXn-bn¬, akolv auDuZpw ]gb ]Xn-h-\p-k-cn®v P\-ßƒ

Ah-cpsS lrZ-bØn¬ hn`m-h\ sNbvXn-cn-°p∂ cq]-Øn\v

]q¿Æ-ambpw tbmPn® \ne-bn-e-√m-sXbpw C∂bn∂ AS-bm-f-

ßƒ At±-l-Øn¬ \nd-th-dn-bn-´n-s√∂v tXm∂-Ø° hn[-Øn-

ep-am-bn-cn-°Ww ]Xy-£-s∏-tS-≠-sX∂v kΩ-Xn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-

°p-∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬, hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ Bƒ P\-ßƒ [cn®p

sh®n-´p≈ F√m AS-bm-f-ß-tfmSpwIqSn hcp-I-bm-sW-¶nepw

At±-l-Øn¬ ImW-s∏-SmØ Hcp AS-bm-fhpw _m°n-bn-√m-

Xn-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶nepw P\-ßƒ At±-lsØ \ntj-[n-°p-Ibpw

]cn-l-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I-sb-∂Xv Fßs\ kw`-mhy-amIpw?

F¥v, Xßƒ [cn-®p-sh-®n-´p≈ F√m AS-bm-f-ßfpw Hs∂m-gn-

bmsX hy‡-ambn I≠-Xn-\p-ti-jhpw Hcp hmZnsb \ntj-[n-

°p-hm≥ P\-ß-fpsS Xe-bn¬ shfn®an-√m-Xm-bn-t∏m-Ip-sat∂m?

Npcp-°-Øn¬, Hcp mK-Øv, F√m ssZh-\n-bp-‡cpw \ntj-

[n-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xm-sW∂ XØzw hnip≤Jp¿-B≥ aptJ\ Jfin-

X-ambn a\- n-em-Ip-∂p. akolv auDuZv \ntj-[n-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂v

]tXy-I-ambn Nne cnhm-b-Øp-I-fn¬ ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw

sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. adp-`m-K-Øv, Hcp hmZn P\-ß-fpsS k¶¬]-

Øn\pw ]Xo-£-bv°p-sa-Xn-cmb \ne-bnepw At±-l-Øn¬

C∂bn∂ e£-W-ßƒ ImWp-∂n-s√∂pw C∂n∂ AS-bm-f-

ßƒ \nd-th-dn-bn- n-s√∂pw P\-ßƒ°v ]d-bm≥ ]gp-Xp-≠m-hp∂

hn[-Ønepw hcp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ amXta At±lw \n-tj-[n-°-

s∏-Sm-\n-S-bp-≈p-sh∂v _p≤n \ap°v a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cn-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. AXn-\m¬, P\-ß-fpsS Nne ]Xo-£-Iƒs°-Xn-cmb

278 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

\ne-bn¬ akolv auDuZv ]Xy£-s∏-tS-≠Xv AXym-h-iy-am-

sW∂v sXfn-™p. as‰mcp hn[-Øn¬ ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬,

akolv auDu-Zns\ kw_-‘n®v a‰p Nne AS-bm-f-ß-tfm-Sp-Iq-

Sn-Øs∂ ]d-b-s∏-ń-´p≈ Hc-S-bm-f-am-Wv At±-lsØ kw_-

‘n®v P\-ßƒ [cn®psh®n-´p≈ Nne AS-bm-f-ßƒ Ah-cpsS

[mc-Wbv°pw Aò-jvS-Øn-\p-a-\p-k-cn®\ne-bn¬ ]q¿Øn-bm-hp-

I-bn-s√-∂p-≈-Xv.

CXn\pw ]pd-sa, as‰mcp Imcyw IqSn i≤n-t°-≠-Xp-≠v.

AXm-b-Xv, kzlo-lmb lZo-Yp-I-fn¬ akolv auDu-Zn\p l°w

F∂pw AZv¬ F∂pw t]¿ \evI-s∏-ń-´p-≈-Xmbn ImWp-∂p

(_p-Jm-cn). l°-ans‚ A¿∞w "A`n-]m-b-`n-∂-X-Isf kw_-

‘n®p hn[n I¬]n-°p∂ Bƒ' F∂p-w AZvens‚ A¿∞w

"\oXn-]q¿∆w hn[n Iev]n-°p∂ Bƒ' F∂pam-Wv. AXn-\m¬,

apI-fn¬ ]d-™-Xp-t]mse akolv auDu-Zns‚ ][m\ ]hr-

Øn-I-fn-sem∂p l°-am-hp-I, AXm-bXv A`n-]m-b-`n-∂-X-Isf

kw_-‘n®v hn[n I¬]n-°pI F∂-Xm-Wv. At±lw AZvem-

bn-cn-°p-sa∂p ]d™psIm≠v At±-l-Øns‚ hn[n-I-sf√mw

kXy-Øn\pw \oXn°pw tbmPn-®-Xm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw ]Im-in-

∏n-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. CXns‚ kmcw At±-l-Øns‚ BK-a-\-

Im-eØv \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS DΩ-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ hºn® A`n-

]mb hyXym-k-ß-fp-≠m-Ip-sa∂pw At±lw Ah-sb-∏-‰n-sb√mw

\ymb-amb hn[n I¬]n-°p-sa-∂p-am-Wv. akolv auDu-Zns‚ AS-

bm-f-ßsf kw_-‘n®pw A`n-]m-b-hy-Xym-k-ap-≈-Xp-sIm-≠v,

Xs‚ AS-bm-f-ambn Icp-X-s∏-ń-´p≈ hnhn[ cnhm-b-Øp-Isf

kw_-‘n®pw l°apw AZvep-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ At±lw hn[n

I¬]n-t°-≠Xpw Ah-bn¬ NneXv sX‰pw Nn-eXv icn-bp-am-

sW∂v ÿm]n-t°-≠Xpw AXym-h-iy-am-Wv. IjvSw! akolv

auDuZv l°apw AZvep-am-sW∂v hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-cm-bn´p IqSn-

bpw, a‰p apl-±n-ko-ßƒ°v A\p-h-Zn®p sImSp°p∂Xv t]mse-

sb-¶nepw Nne cnhm-b-Øp-Iƒ _e-lo-\-ß-fm-sW∂pw NneXv

i‡n-bp-≈-Xm-sW∂pw hn[n I¬]n-°m-\p≈ ]Zhn \nßƒ

At±-lØn\v \evIp-∂n√! apl-±n-ko-ßsf (l-Zo-kns‚ Cam-ap-

I-sf) kw_-‘n-®v, Ah¿°v Ah-cpsS Adn-hns\ Bkv]-Z-am-

°n-s°m≠v Nne cnhm-b-Øp-Isf _e-lo-\hpw icn-b-√m-Ø-

Xp-am-°m\pw Nne-Xns\ _e-ap-≈Xpw icn-bp-am-°m\pw A[n-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 279

Im-c-ap-s≠∂v \nßƒ kΩ-Xn-°p-∂p. \nßƒ C∂p-hsc Ah-

cpsS Cu hn[n-bpsS apºn¬ ]hr-Øn-bm¬ Xe Ip\n®p sIm≠n-

cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. F∂m¬, A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ \n∂v aAvaqdmbn

htc-≠Xpw l°apw AZvep-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v ]d-b-s∏-´n-´p-≈-Xp-

amb Bƒ°v icnbpw sX‰p-amb cnhm-b-Øp-I-sfbpw _e-hØpw

_e-lo-\-hp-amb cnhm-b-Øp-I-sfbpw kw_-‘n®v hn[n-]-d-

bm\p≈ Ah-Imiw kΩ-Xn-°m\pw At±-l-Øns‚ B hn[nsb

kzoI-cn-°m\pw \nßƒ Hcp-°-an√!

Btem-N-\m-iq-\y-X-bm-Wn-Xv. akolv auDuZv \nß-fpsS

F√m-Øcw cnhm-b-Øp-I-fp-sSbpw Iqºm-csØ kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw

tIhew Hcp injy-s\-t∏mse aue-hn-amcp-sS apºn¬ ap´p-IpØn

\nev°p-Ibpw GsX-¶nepw aue-hn-bp-sStbm apl-±n-kn-s‚tbm A`n-

]m-b-Øn\pw Kth-j-W-Øn-\p-sa-Xn-cmbn Hc-£-chpw Dcn-bm-Sm-

Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ At±lw l°apw AZvepw

BIp-∂-sX-ßs\? At±-l-Øns‚ BKa\w sIm≠p≈ ]tbm-

P-\-sa¥v? akolv auDuZv hcp-∂Xv Nne-t∏mƒ Hcp aue-hn-bpsS

]mZ-ß-fn¬ Ipºn-Sm\pw Nne-t∏mƒ as‰m-cm-fpsS apºn¬ ap´p-Ip-

Øp-hm\pw Nne-t∏mƒ aq∂m-a-sXm-cm-fpsS apºmsI ssIsI´n

\nev°phm-\p-am-sW∂pw B auehntijvT∑m-cpsS A`n-]m-b-

Øn-s∂-Xn-cmbn Hc-£cw t]mep-ap-cn-bm-Sm≥ At±-l-Øn\v A[n-

Im-c-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°-bn-s√∂pamtWm \nßƒ hniz-kn-°p-∂Xv?

Atlm, IjvSw! \nß-fpsS lrZ-b-ßƒ ac-hn®p t]mbn-cn-°p∂p!

\nß-fpsS IÆp-Iƒ°v ImgvN-bn-√m-sX-bm-bn-cn-°p∂p!!

]nb-s∏´ kplr-Øp-°tf, \nßƒ \√-Xp-t]mse Btem-

Nn®p t\m°p-I. hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ ako-lmbn´pw A√mlp-

hn¬\n∂v in£Ww e`n-®n´pw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bn¬\n∂v

l°apw AZvep-sa∂ ÿm\-t∏cv kºm-Zn-®n´pw temI-Øns‚

D≤m-c-W-Øn-\mbn hcp∂ B alm-flm-hn\v Hcp km[m-cW

apl-±Yn\v \evIp∂ ]Z-hn-t]mepw \evIm≥ \nßƒ Hcp-°-

an√! AtXka-b-Øv ⁄m\n-Ifpw, Z¿i-\-ßfpw Znhy-kz-]v\-

ßfpw D≠m-Ip-∂-h-cp-amb k÷\-ßƒ°v Ah-cpsS Z¿i-\-

ßfpw kz]v\-ßfpw hgn-bmbn GsX-¶nepw lZoYv Zp¿_-etam

_e-htØm F∂p Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ Ign-bp-sa∂v hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-

cmbn \nß-fn¬ ]e-cp-ap-≠v. F∂m¬, B Hcp ÿm\wt]mepw

akolv auDu-Zn\v kΩ-Xn®psImSp-°m≥ \nßƒ Xøm-dn-√.

280 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

A√mlpXs∂ thWw \nß-fpsS IÆp-Xp-d-∏n-°p-hm≥. hnip≤

Jp¿-B\pw kzlo-lmb lZoYp-Ifpw ssZh-Z-Ø-amb hnti-j-

_p-≤nbpw lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)s‚ hmZ-ß-fn≥ta¬ kXy-

Øns‚ apZ IpØn-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ, GXm\pw Nne hymJym-\-

ßƒ hnNm-cn® \ne-bn¬ kw`-hn-®nńs√¶n¬ Ahsb A√m-

lp-hn-¶¬ `c-taev]n-°p-Ibpw \ntj-[-Øn-te°v Im¬sh-°m-

Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xt√ c£-bp-sSbpw kXy-Øn-s‚bpw

am¿§-am-bn-cn-°pI?

`mKywsI´ P\X AsX, \nßsf Hcp kvXotbmSv thWw

D]-an-°m≥. Ahƒ Hcp hcs‚ BK-a\w ]Xo-£n®psIm≠v

B¿`mSw Iq´p-Ibpw BVw-_-c-tØm-Sp-IqSn Hcp-°-ßƒ sNøp-

Ibpw Ahs‚ BK-a-\-sØ-∏‰n Xs‚ Ab¬hm-kn-Isf Adn-

bn-°p-Ibpw AXn¬ ]¶p-sIm-≈m≥ Ahsc £Wn-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXn-cp-∂p. ]t£, hc≥ h∂-t∏mƒ, Ah≥ h∂Xv icn-

bmb ka-bØpw \n›-bn-°-s∏´ AS-bm-f-ß-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snbpw

sXfn-hp-I-fpsS Hcp kqcy-\p-Zn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠p-am-bn-cp-∂n´pw

AsX√mw I≠n´pw B hnUvVn Ah-\n¬\n∂v apJw Xncn-°p-

Ibpw Ahs‚ t\sc hmXn-e-S-bv°p-I-bp-amWv sNb-vX-Xv hcs‚

BK-a-\sØ kw_-‘n®v Ahƒ [cn®psh®n-´p≈ hymJym-\-

ß-fn¬ NneXv Ah-fpsS `mh-\-bvs°mØv \nd-th-dn-bn-s√∂

Imc-W-Øm¬ amXw! B ka-bØv Ahƒ `b-¶-c-am-sbmcp

i_vZw tI´p ˛ C\n \o hcs‚ BK-a-\-sØ-∏-‰nbpw BtLm-

j-sØ-∏-‰nbpw Nn¥n-®n-´p ê-an-√. \o \ns‚ `mKy-tZm-j-sØ-

∏‰n IÆo-scm-gp-°n-s°m-≈p-I. htc-≠-h≥ h∂p Ign-™p. \ns‚

hmXn¬ AS-®n- n-cn-°p-∂Xp I≠v Abmƒ \ns‚ ktlm-Z-c≥am-

cpsS hoń¬ ]th-in-®p. Ah¿ kt¥m-j-tØmsS Ah-\mbn

Ah-cpsS hmXn¬ Xpd∂p sImSp-°p-Ibpw Ahs\ kzoI-cn-°p-

Ibpw A√m-lp-hn\v \µn ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 281

Ah¿°v ac-W-hn-em]w, Rß-fpsS hońtem amwKeyw!

iXp-°sf A]-am-\-Øn-em-°nb A√mlp ]cn-ip-≤-\m-Ip-∂p.

cmhpw ]Iepw ]Xo-£n®psIm≠n-cp-∂Xv Bsc-bmtWm

At±lw h∂p Ign-™n-cn-°p-∂p. clkyw shfn-s∏-´p. Imcyw

]Xy-£-am-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp. BImiw AS-bm-f-ßsf√mw

Xpd∂p ImWn-®p. `qan ka-b-sØ-∏‰n km£yw hln-®p. CXn-

\p-tijw C\n Bcv hcm-\mWv? IjvSw! A√m-lp-hns\ `b-s∏-

´p-sIm≠v iXpX Dt]-£n-°p-I.

lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) ]d-™Xv FX-Xs∂ ]c-am¿∞-a√!

At±lw ]d™p: ""Ahn-th-In-I-tf, \nß-fpsS apJ-Ø-Sn-sIm-

≈m≥ th≠n-b√ Rm≥ h∂n-´p-≈-Xv. A√mlp Fs‚ kXy-

Øn\v km£ywhln-°p-Ibpw BIm-ihpw qanbpw CXmWv ka-

b-sa∂v hnfn-t®m-Xp-Ibpw hnip≤Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]d-™n- p≈ apgp-

h≥ AS-bm-f-ßfpw lZo-Yp-I-fn¬ hnh-cn-®n- p≈ AS-bm-f-ßfpw

\nd-th-dp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂ ÿnXn°v Fs∂ kzoI-cn-°p-

I-bmWv th≠-Xv. Nne lZo-Yp-I-sf-s°m≠v Fs∂ Af-°p-

∂Xn\v ]Icw Fs∂-s°m≠v B lZo-Yp-Isf Af°pIbpw

Ft∂mSv tbmPn-°mØ lZo-Yp-Isf tbmPn-°p∂ hn[w hymJym-

\n-°p-Itbm As√-¶n¬ Zp¿_-e-ß-fm-sW∂v IcpXn X≈n-°-

f-bp-Itbm sNtø-≠Xv \nß-fpsS I¿Ø-hy-am-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬,

Rm≥ A√m-lp-hns‚ hlvtbmSp-Iq-Sn-bmWv kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

l°apw AZvep-am-bn-´mWv h∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu bmYm¿∞yw

a\- n-em-°p-∂-h≥ `mKy-hm≥. Ah≥ \mi-Øn¬\n∂v c£

]m]n-°pw.''

C\n, Nne AS-bm-f-ßƒ ]q¿Øn-bm-bn-ń-s√∂v Icp-X-s∏-

Sp-∂-Xn-\p≈ Imc-W-ß-sf-∏‰n Npcp-°-Øn¬ ]Xn-]m-Zn-°mw.

H∂m-a-Xm-bn, GsX√mw AS-bm-f-ßƒ ]q¿Øn-bm-bn-ń-s√∂v

]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p-thm B AS-bm-f-ß-sf-∏-‰n-bp≈ Adnhv lZo-Yp-

Iƒ apJm-¥-c-amWv \ap°v e`n-®n-´p-≈-Xv. F∂m¬, AØcw

lZo-Yp-Isf kw_-‘n®v Ah-bn¬\n∂v In´p∂ Adnhv kpZr-

Vhpw Jfin-X-hp-a-s√∂pw t\sc-a-dn®v kwi-bm-kv]Zw amX-

am-sW-∂p-ap≈ Imcy-Øn¬ DΩØv GI-I-WvT-ambn tbmPn-®n-

cn-°p-∂p. ZrVhpw Jfin-X-hp-amb Adnhv apX-hm-Øn-dmb (A-

\p-kyq-Xw) lZo-Yn¬\n∂p-am-Xta eœ-am-hp-I-bp-≈q. F∂m¬,

282 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

Xhm-Øp-dns‚ (J-fin-X⁄m\w) ÿm\w hnip≤Jp¿-B\p

amXta D≈q-sh∂pw lZo-Yp-Iƒ BlmZv (G-Iw) Bb-Xp-

sIm≠v AXn\v B ÿm\-an-s√-∂p-ap≈ Imcy-Ønepw CPvam-

Av D≠v. B lZo-Yp-I-fn¬\n∂v kwi-b-I-c-amb Adnth e`n-

°p-∂p-≈q-sh∂ Imcy-Ønepw ^pJ-lm-°fpw apl-±n-Yo-ßfpw

tbmPn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬, Nne apl-±n-Yo-ßƒ,

]ÞùÛ^]ŸÂÛ^Ùe^]Ößùnù^l

ÚàÒ„hÂ×oùÚjÃÛù‚÷]]¾njfçùœÚÏÃ‚åüF∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ lZo-Yp-Iƒ apX-hm-Øn-dm-sW∂v A`n-

]m-b-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. ]t£, Xhm-Øp-dns‚ ÿm\w hnip≤Jp¿-

B\p amXta D≈q-sh∂ Imcy-ØnemWv apgp-h≥ DΩØpw

tbmPn-®n-´p-≈-Xv. a‰p≈ cnhm-b-Øp-I-sf√mw BlmZp hIp-

∏n¬s∏´-Xm-Wv. Jnbm-a-Øns‚ ASp-∏w, akolv auDu-Zns‚

BK-a-\w, AXns‚ e£-W-ßƒ apX-em-b-hsb kw_-‘n®v

cnhm-bØp sNø-s∏-´n-´p≈ lZo-Yp-I-sf-∏-‰n-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ah-

sb√mw Xs∂ Blm-Zm-sW∂ Imcy-Øn¬ apgp-h≥ DΩØpw

GI-I-WvT-ambn tbmPn-®n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. AXn-\m¬, CXp kw_-

‘n-®p≈ cnhm-b-Øp-I-sf√mw kwi-bm-kv]-Z-amb Adn-hn\p

amXta D]-I-cn°q F∂pw ZrV-X-bpsS ]Z-hn-bn-te°v Ah

FØpIbn-s√∂pw DΩ-Øns‚ CPvam-Av sIm≠p ÿm]n-X-am-

bn-cn-°p-∂p. GsXmcp hN-\-ßƒ 150- 200 sIm√-ßƒ°p tijw

tiJ-cn-°-s∏-´p-thm, GsXmcp hN-\-ß-fpsS kwc-£-W-Øn\p

th≠n \_n-Xn-cp -ta-\n -bp-sS-tbm. 4 Jeo-^-am-cp -sStbm

CkvemanI c-W-Øn-s‚tbm mKØp\n∂v bmsXmcp G¿∏mSpw

sNø-s∏- n-cp-∂n-√-tbm, B hN-\-ßsf ssZh-km-£y-Øn-s‚bpw

hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs‚ sXfn-hp-I-fp-sSbpw ZrVhpw Jfin-X-hp-

amb tcJ-I-fp-sSbpw FXn-cn¬ kzoI-cn-°pI F∂Xv _p≤n°p

tbmPn-°mØ Imcy-am-Wv. lZo-Yp-I-fpsS ]Z-ß-sf√mw \_n-

Xn-cp-ta\n D]-tbm-Kn-®h Xs∂-bm-sW∂v hmZn-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-

bn-s√∂ Imcyhpw apl-±n-Yoßƒ kΩ-Xn-®-Xm-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬,

P\-ßƒ km[m-c-W-bmbn kmc-sØ-bmWv dnt∏m¿´p sNøp-I.

dnt∏m¿´¿am-cpsS Hm¿Ω-sØ-‰p-Iƒ [mc-W-∏n-g-hpIƒ apX-em-

b-h-sb√mw B dnt∏m¿´p-Isf _m[n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Cu Ahÿ-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 283

bn¬ Nne hymJym-\-ß-fpsS ]Z-ßsf ]‰n-∏n-Sn-°p-∂Xpw Jfin-

X-amb sXfn-hp-Iƒ AK-Wy-am-°p-∂Xpw Hcp-hn-[-Ønepw c£

bpsS am¿§-a-√. lZo-YpI-fn¬ kwi-b-Øn-\-nS-bp≈XpsIm-≠v,

]tXy-In®pw hnip≤Jp¿-B\pw ssZh-Z-Ø-amb _p≤nbpw ssZ

h-km-£yhpw a‰p≈ kzlo-lmb lZo-Yp-Ifpw Ah-bvs°-Xncm

-bn-cn-°p∂ Ah-ÿ-bn¬, Ah-bn≥ta¬ \ΩpsS At\z-j-W-

Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-ap-d-∏n-°p-∂Xv Hcn-°epw icn-bm-bn-cn-°-bn-√.

CXv kw_-‘n®v Adn-™n-cn-t°≠ as‰mcp Imcyw lZoYp

KŸ-ßƒ°v ]e ]Z-hn-Ifpw Ds≠-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. DZml-c-W-

ambn hnip≤ Jp¿-B-s\-°-gn-®m¬ G‰hpw DXv°rjvSamb ]Z-

hn-bn-ep-≈-Xv kzlolv _qJm-cn-bm-sW∂ Imcy-Øn¬ Alvep-

kp-∂Øp h¬P-am-AØv an°-hmdpw GI-I-WvT-ambn tbmPn-®-

cn-°p-∂p. Nne¿ Camw amen-°ns‚ "apAØ' F∂ KŸ-Øn\v

B ÿm\w \evIp-∂p-≠v. Cu c≠v KŸ-ßfpw ]cn-tim-[n-°p-

I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ah-bn¬ tN¿°-s∏´ lZo-Yp-I-fn-sem-∂nepw

Xs∂ lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)¬ ImWm≥ Ign-bmØ Hscm‰

AS-bm-fhpw hnh-cn-°-s∏-ń-ń-√. t\sc adn®v Ah-bn¬ hnh-cn-

°-s∏-ń-´p≈ F√m AS-bm-f-ßfpw \ymb-amb \ne-bn¬ At±-

l-Øn¬ \nd-th-dn-b-Xmbn ImWm≥ Ign-bpw. F∂m¬ Ipd-

s®m° kwi-b-I-c-amb cnhm-b-Øp-Iƒ kzlolv apkvenw

apX¬°mWv XpS-ßp-∂-Xv. hnizm-ky-Xsb kw_-‘n-®n-S-

tØmfw lZoYv KŸ-ßƒ D∂X ÿm\Øp \n∂v FX I≠v

Iogvt]m-ń-d-ßp-∂pthm AX-I-≠mWv lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)¬

\nd-th-dn-bn-ń-s√∂p tXm∂p∂ AS-bm-f-ßƒ cnhm-bØv sNø-

s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXp-sIm-≠v, GsX√mw cnhm-b-Øp-I-fn¬

kwibw ImWp-∂pt≠m B cnhm-b-Øp-Iƒ hnip≤Jp¿-B-

\ntem kzlolv _pJm-cn-bntem Camw amen-°ns‚ apA-Øm-

bntem D≈h-b-s√-∂Xv \√-Xp-t]mse Nn¥n-t°≠ Imcy-am-

Wv. AØcw cnhm-b-Øp-Iƒ ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv, hnizm-ky-Xsb

kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Xmsg-\nev°p-∂-h-bm-sW∂v Icp-X-s∏-

Sp∂ KŸ-ß-fn¬ amX-am-Ip-∂p. Nn¥n-°p-∂-h¿°v Ht´sd ew

sNøp∂ Hcp kwK-Xn-bm-Wn-Xv.

c≠m-asØ Imc-W-an-XmWv ˛ F√m AS-bm-f-ßfpw hmZn-

bn¬Øs∂ ]q¿Øn-bm-bn-s°m-≈-W-sa-∂n-√. t\sc-a-dn®v

284 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

NneXv At±-l-Øn-\p-tijw At±-l-Øns‚ Jeo-^-am-cntem

A\p-bm-bn-I-fntem ]q¿Øn-bm-Im-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬

At±-l-Øns‚ Jeo-^-amcpw A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw At±-l-Øn¬

\n∂p th¿s]-´-h-c-√. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ AS-bm-f-ßƒ hnh-cn-°p-

tºmƒ ]ÿm\ ÿm]-Is‚ t]cmWv ]d-bp-I. F∂m¬, A\p-

-h-Øn¬ Nne Imcy-ßƒ At±-l-Ønepw NneXv At±-l-Øns‚

Jeo-^-am-cnepw A\p-bm-bn-I-fnepw ]q¿Øn-bm-hp-Ibpw sNøp-

∂p. Ah-sb√mw At±-l-Øns‚ AS-bm-f-ß-fm-bn-Øs∂ Icp-

X-s∏-tS-≠-Xm-Wv. Imc-Ww, At±-l-amWv ]ÿm-\-Øns‚

ÿm]-I≥. a‰p-≈-h-sc√mw At±-l-Øns‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-fpw.

AXm-bXv At±lw bYm¿∞ ico-chpw a‰p-≈-h¿ imJ-I-fp-am-

Ip-∂p. DZm-l-c-W-am-bn, ssJk-dn-s‚bpw Inkm-bp-sSbpw fim-

c-ß-fpsS Xmt°m-ep-Iƒ Xs‚ ssIbn¬ \evI-s∏- -Xmbn \_n

Xncp-ta\n ImWp-I-bp-≠mbn (_p-Jm-cn). F∂m¬, Xncp-ta-\n-

bpsS ac-Wm-\-¥cw Xs‚ Jeo-^-am-cpsS ssIbn-emWv B

Xmt°m-ep-Iƒ In´n-b-Xv. AXp-t]mseXs∂ a° Pbn-®-S-°n-

b-Xmbpw Dkbv-Zns\ a°-bnse `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bmbn \nb-an-®-

Xmbpw Xncp-ta\n ImWp-I-bp-≠m-bn. F∂m¬, DkbvZv a°m

hnP-b-Øn\v aptºXs∂ ac-W-s∏´p t]mbn. HSp-hn¬ a° Pbn-

®-S-°n-b-t∏mƒ \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n Dkbv-Zns‚ aI≥ AØm-_ns\

a°-bnse Kh¿Æ-dmbn \nb-an-°p-I-bmWv sNbvXXv (k¿Jm-

\n). C\n, kz]v\-imkvX KŸ-ßƒ t\m°p-I-bm-sW-¶n-epw,

kz]v\-Øn¬ Nne-t∏mƒ Nne Bfp-Isf kw_-‘n®v ImW-

s∏-Sp∂ ImgvN Ah-cpsS k¥m-\-ß-sftbm _‘p-°-sftbm

A\p-bm-bn-I-sftbm Dt±-in-®m-hm-sa∂v Fgp-Xn-b-Xmbn ImWm-

hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Nne kz]v\-im-kvX-⁄≥am¿ lZo-Yp-I-fn¬\n∂v

AXn\v DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ FSpØp ImWn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p≠v

(X-AvØodp¬ A\m-ans‚ apJ-±n-ax). AXn-\m¬ lZvdØv

AlvaZn(A)¬ ]q¿Øn-bm-hm-Xn-cp-∂n-´p≈ cnhm-bØp sNø-

s∏´ AS-bm-f-ß-fn¬ NneXv AXns‚ ]Xy-£-amb cq]-Øn¬

h√-t∏mgpw At±-l-Øns‚ Jeo-^-am-cp-sStbm IpSpw-_mw-K-ß-

fp-sStbm Pam-A-Øn-s‚tbm Imcy-Øn¬ \nd-th-dp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬

AXv Bt£-]-I-c-am-sbmcp Imcy-a-√. Btem-N-\-bn-√mØ FXn-

cm-fn-Iƒ AXn-s\-∏‰n ]cn-l-kn-t®-°mw. ]t£, hnip≤ Jp¿-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 285

B-\nepw kzlo-lmb lZoYp-I-fnepw Ncn-X-Ønepw ÿm]n-X-

am-bn-´p≈ Cu bmYm¿∞yw Bcp-sS-sb-¶nepw ]cn-lmkw

\nanØw Fßs\ \ap°v Dt]-£n-°m-\mIpw?

aq∂m-asØ ImcWw CXm-Wv˛ Nne-t∏mƒ Nne AS-bm-f-

ßƒ ct≠m c≠n-e-[n-Itam hyXykvX Ime-ßsf kw_-

‘nt®m hyXykvX hy‡n-Isf kw_-‘nt®m ]kvXm-hn-°-

s∏- -Xm-bn-cn-°mw. ]t£, B AS-bm-f-ßƒ Hcmsf amXw kw_-

‘n-®-Xm-sW∂v sX‰mbn hniz-kn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu kwKXn

alvZn-sb-kw-_-‘n® A[ym-b-Øn¬ \mw hnh-cn-®n-´p-≠v.

\mem-asØ Imc-W-an-XmWv˛ Jnbm-a-Øns‚ kmao]yw

kw_-‘n®v ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏- n- p≈ Nne AS-bm-f-ßƒ akolv

auDu-Zns‚ AS-bm-f-ß-fm-sW∂v Icp-X-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬,

AS-bm-f-ßsf kw_-‘n® N¿®-bpsS apJ-hpcbn¬ ]d-™-

Xp-t]mse Ah akolv auDu-Zns‚ AS-bm-f-ß-f-√. t\sc-a-

dn®v Jnbm-aØv ASp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂-Xns‚ e£-W-ß-fm-Wv.

A©m-asØ Imc-W-an-XmWv- ˛ cnhm-bØv sNø-s∏´ AS-

bm-f-ß-sfbpw De-am-°ƒ \evIn-bn-´p≈ hymJym-\-ß-sfbpw

Ahsb kw_-‘n®v ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn®n´p≈ A`n-]m-b-ßsfbpw

kzlo-lmb lZo-Yp-I-sf-sb∂t]mse hniz-kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

F∂m¬, Ahsb Aßs\ hniz-kn-°p-∂Xv Hcphn[-Ønepw

icn-b-√.

Npcp-°-Øn¬ \ymb-amb \ne-bn¬ ]cn-tim-[n-°p-I-bm-sW-

¶n¬ F√m icn-bmb AS-bm-f-ßfpw lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)¬

\nd-th-dn-bn-´p-≈-Xmbn ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bpw. icn-bmb AS-bm-f-

ß-sfm∂pwXs∂ A√m-lp-hns‚ kp∂-Ø-\p-k-cn®v \nd-th-dm-

Xn-cp-∂n-´n-s√∂v Rßƒ sXfn-bn®n´p≠v.

AS-bm-f-ß-fpsS ka-K-hn-h-cWw

lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) AS-bm-f-ßsf kw_-‘n®v \evIn-

bn-´p≈ Hcp hnh-cWw ChnsS D≤-cn-®p-sIm≠v Cu N¿® Ah-

km-\n-∏n®psIm≈p-∂p. At±lw ]d-bp-I-bmWv:˛

Hm¿Ωn®p sIm≈pI! akolv auDu-Zns‚ ]tXy-I-amb AS-

bm-f-ß-fpsS Iq´-Øn¬ Xmsg ]d-bp-∂-hbpw Dƒs∏Sp-Ø-s∏-´n-

286 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

cn-°p-∂p.

1. At±lw c≠v a™-∏p-X-∏p-I-tfmSp IqSn Cdßp∂-Xm-

Wv.

2. At±lw c≠v ae-°p-I-fpsS Npa-en¬ ssIh®p sIm≠m-

bn-cn-°pw Cd-ßp-I.

3. Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ At±-l-Øns‚ \nizmkw sIm≠v ac-

W-a-S-bpw.

4. At±lw Ipfn Ign-™-tijw Ipfn-∏p-c-bn¬ \n∂v ]pd-

Øp-h-cp∂ Bsf-t∏mse ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv. At±-l-Øns‚

inc- n¬ \n∂v Pe-I-W-ßƒ apØp-a-Wn-t]mse C‰p-ho-gp-∂-

Xmbpw ImW-s∏-Spw.

5. At±lw Z÷-em-en-t\mSv a’-cn®p IAv_ ]Z-£nWw

sNøpw.

6. At±lw Ipcnip apdn-°pw.

7. At±lw ]∂nsb sIm√pw.

8. At±lw hnhmlw sNøpw. At±-l-Øn\v k¥-Xn-I-fp-

≠m-hpw.

9. At±lw Z÷m-ens\ sIm√pw.

10. At±lw sIm√-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. t\sc-a-dn®v ]IrXn acWw

]m]n-°p-∂Xpw \_n-(k)Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS I_vdn¬ AS°w

sNø-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-am-Wv. i×ÔÂ†éÒ^Ú×èF∂m¬, c≠p a™-∏p-X-∏p-Isf kw_-‘n-®v, AXv c≠v

tcmK-ß-fm-sW∂v \mw hnh-cn®n´p≠v. Ch c≠pw akolv auDu-

Zns‚ AS-bm-f-am-sW∂ \ne-bn¬ At±-l-Øn-\p-≠m-Ip-sa∂v

BZy-ta-Xs∂ hn[n-°-s∏-´-Xm-Wv. At±-l-Øns‚ Akm-[m-c-

W-amb tZl-ÿnXn Hcp AS-bm-f-am-bn-cn-°p-hm-\m-Wn-Xv.

c≠v ae-°p-Isfs°m≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏-´-Xv, At±-l-Øns‚

kXy-km-£y-Øns‚ ]q¿Øo-I-c-W-Øn\v ASn-ÿm-\-ambn

ad™pInS-°p-∂, Kbv_mb c≠v klm-b-ß-fm-Wv. H∂m-a-tØXv

]cn-iawsIm≠pw ]cn-io-e\wsIm≠pw kºm-Zn-°-s∏-Sm-ØXpw

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 287

_p≤n-]-chpw ]am-W-]-c-hp-ambn At±-l-Øn\v \evI-s∏-Sp-∂-

Xp-amb ⁄m\-kw-_-‘n-bmb sXfn-hv. c≠m-a-tØ-Xv, a\p-

jys‚ klm-b-an-√msX A√m-lp-hns‚ `mK-Øp-\n∂v Cd-°-

s∏-Sp∂ AS-bm-f-ßƒsIm-≠p≈ sXfn-hp-Iƒ.

c≠v ae-°p-I-fpsS Npa-en¬ ssIsh®p Cd-ßp-sa-∂Xp

sIm≠v kqNn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv At±-l-Øns‚ A`n-hr-≤n-°mbn

]Xy-£-a-√mØ \ne-bv°p≈ klm-b-ßƒ ssIh-cp-sa∂pw

Ah-bpsS klm-b-Øm¬ ZuXyw \n¿∆-ln-°p-sa-∂p-am-Wv. ap

tºsbm-cn-°¬ Rms\mcp kz]v\w I≠ IY ]d-™n-´p-≠m-bn-

cp-∂p. AXn-XmWv ˛ Fs‚ ssIbn¬ Hcp hmƒ \evI-s∏-´-Xm

bn Rm≥ I≠p. AXns‚ ]nSn Fs‚ ssIbnepw AXns‚ A

‰w BIm-i-Øn-ep-am-bn-cp-∂p. Rm\-Xns\ c≠p mKØpw hoin-

s°m-≠n-cn°p-∂p. Hmtcm mKØpw hoip-tºmƒ \qdp°W-°n¬

Bfp-Iƒ sIm√-s∏-Sp-∂p. Cu kz]v\-Øns‚ A¿∞w Hcp

]pWym-flmhv* kz]v\-Øn¬Øs∂ hnh-cn®pX∂p. AXv sXfn-

hns‚ hmfm-sW-∂v. he-Xp-`mKw sIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏-´Xv AS-

bm-f-ßƒ apJm-¥-c-ap≈ F√m sXfn-hp-I-fp-am-Wv. CS-Xp-`mKw

sIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏-´Xv _p≤nbpw ]am-Whpw apJm-¥-c-ap≈

sX-fn-hp-I-fp-am-Ip-∂p. Cu c≠p hn[Ønep≈ sXfn-hp-Ifpw a\p-

jys‚ ]hr-Ønbpw ]cn-i-ahpw IqSmsXXs∂ ]Xy-£-s∏-

Sp-∂-h-bm-Wv.

Ahn-izm-kn-Isf \nizmkw sIm≠v h[n-°p-sa-∂-Xns‚

A¿∞w akolv auDu-Zns‚ Bflm-hp-sIm≠v AXm-bXv At±-

l-Øns‚ iaw sIm≠v Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ \mi-a-S-bp-sa-∂m-Wv.

Ipfn-∏p-c-bn¬ \n∂v Ipfn®p ]pdØp h∂Xp t]msebpw

apØp-a-Wn-t]mse inc- n¬ \n∂v Pe-I-W-ßƒ DXn-cp-∂Xp

t]msebpw akolv auDuZns\ ImW-s∏-Sp-sa∂v ]d-™-Xns‚

kmcw, At±lw ASn-°-Sn-bp≈ Xu_bpw hW-°hpw sIm≠v,

A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv X\n-°p≈ _‘w ]pXp-°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-sa-

∂m-Wv. F√mbnt∏mgpw Ipfn-°p-∂Xpt]msebpw B Ipfn-bpsS

]cn-ip-≤-amb Pe-I-W-ßƒ apØp-I-fmbn inc- n¬\n∂v DXn-

cp-∂-Xp-t]m-sebpw, F∂-√msX am\p-jn-I-amb ]Ir-Xn°v hncp-

* lZvdØv apl-ΩZv A–p-√m-km-ln_v Kkv\hn Aar-X-kcn-bmWv Dt±-iyw.

288 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

≤-ambn At±-l-Øn¬ hs√mcp Imcyhpw Im-Wp-sa-∂√. Cukm-

\-_n-bpsSta¬ ]Ir-Xn-hn-cp-≤-amb Imcy-ßƒ Btcm ]n°-

s∏-´-Xns‚ ^ew P\-ßƒ CXn-\p-aptº I≠p-I-gn-™-Xm-

Wt√m? tImSn-°-W-°n¬ P\-ßsf AXv \c-Im-·n°v hnd-Im-

°n-Øo¿Øp. F∂n v C\nbpw a\p-jy--]-Ir-Xn°v hncp-≤-amb\ne-

bn¬ Cukm-\_n BIm-i-Øn¬\n∂v Cd-ßp-sa∂pw At±-l-

Øns‚IqsS ae-°p-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw At±lw Xs‚

\nizmkwsIm≠v P\-ßsf \in-∏n°psa∂pw At±-l-Øns‚

ico-c-Øn¬\n∂v apØp-a-Wn-Iƒt]mse Pe-I-W-ßƒ DXn-cp-

sa∂pw Bi-sh-°p-Itbm? Npcp-°-Øn¬ akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚

tZl-Øn¬\n∂v apØp-a-Wn-t]mse Pe-I-W-ßƒ DXncpsa-∂-

Xn\v Rm≥ Fgp-Xnb A¿∞-amWv icn-bm-bn-´p-≈-Xv. \_n(k)-

Xn-cp-ta\n Xs‚ Ic-W-ß-fn¬ kz¿Æhf-Iƒ I≠Xp sIm≠v

hf-X-s∂-bm-bn-cpt∂m Dt±iyw? Hcn-°-ep-a-√. Ah-sIm≠v Dt±-

in-°-s∏-´Xv B¥-cm¿∞-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-t]m-se-Ø-s∂,

akolv auDu-Zns\ Ipfn®phcp-∂-Xp-t]m-sebpw At±-l-Øns‚

inc- n¬\n∂v apØp-I-Ws° Pe-_n-µp-°ƒ DXn-cp-∂-Xp-t]m-

sebpw \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n I≠-Xns‚ A¿∞hpw At±lw H´-

[nIw Xu_m sNøp-Ibpw H´-[nIw hW-ßp-Ibpw sNøp∂

Bfm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw A√m-lp-hp-am-bp≈ At±-l-Øns‚ _‘w

Ft∏mgpw ]pXp-°nb \ne-bn-em-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂p-am-Wv. AXm-bXv

At±lw F√m ka-bØpw Ipfn°p-∂Xp t]msebpw ]cn-ip-≤-

amb hW-°-Øns‚ ]cn-ip≤ _nµp-°ƒ At±-l-Øns‚ inc-

n¬\n∂v DXn-cp-∂Xp t]msebpan-cn-°pw. as‰mcp lZo-Ynepw

A√m-lp-hns‚ ASp-°-te-°p≈ aS-°sØ Ipfn-tbmSv D]-an-®n-

´p-≠v. AXm-b-Xv, \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n kzlm-_-Øn-t\mSv tNmZn-®p.

Bcp-sS-sb-¶nepw ho´ns‚ apºn¬ \Zn-bp-≠m-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw

Abmƒ B \Zn-bn¬ Znh-tk\ A©p ]mhiyw Ipfn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Abm-fpsS ico-c-Øn¬ Agp-°p-≠m-bn-cn-

°ptam? kzlm-_Øv Cs√∂p adp-]Sn ]d-™p. At∏mƒ \_n-

Xn-cp-ta\n ]d-™p. AXp-]-Imcw Xs∂ A©p-t\cw \a-kvI-

cn-°p-∂-hs‚ Bflm-hnepw (\-a-kvIm-c-am-I-s´, Xu_, ]›m-

Øm]w, ]m¿∞-\, hW-°w, hn\-bw, Xlvao-Zv, Xkv_olv F∂n-

h-bpsS kam-lm-c-am-Wv) ]m]-Øns‚ Agp°v D≠m-bn-cn-°p-I-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 289

bn-√. AXm-bXv Ah≥ A©p-t\cw Ipfn-°p-∂-h-s\-t∏mse

Ccn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. akolv auDu-Zns‚ Ipfn-bp-sSbpw A¿∞w

CXm-sW∂v Cu lZo-Yp-sIm≠v hy‡-am-Ip-∂p. Aß-s\-b-s√-

¶n¬ imco-cn-I-amb Ipfn-bn¬ Fs¥mcp ]tXy-I-X-bm-Wp-≈Xv?

AapkvenwIfpw \ntXy\ ImeØv Ipfn-°m-dn-√tbm? Ah-cpsS

inc- p-I-fn¬ \n∂pw Ipfn-bn¬\n∂p-≠mb Pe-_n-µp-°ƒ DXn-

cm-dn-√tbm? IjvSw! imco-cn-I-ambn Nn¥n-°p∂ Bfp-Iƒ F√m

Bflo-b-Im-cy-ß-tfbpw imco-cnI Imcy-ß-fn-te°v hen-®n-g®p

sIm≠pt]mIp∂p! blq-Z-∑m-sc-t∏mse Kl-\-amb XØz-ßfpw

B¥-cm¿∞-ßfpw AhK-Wn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

akolv auDuZv Z÷m-en-t\mSv a’-cn®p IAv_ ]Z-£nWw

sNøp-sa-∂-Xns‚ A¿∞w, AXm-bXv akolv auDu-Zn-s\-

t∏mseØs∂ Z÷mepw IAv_ ]Z-£nWw sNøp-sa-∂-Xns‚

A¿∞w _mly-amb ]Z-£n-W-as√∂p-≈Xv ]Xy-£-am-Wv.

_mly-amb ]Z-£n-W-am-sW-¶n¬ Z÷m¬ IAv_bn¬ ]th-

in-°p-sa∂v ]d-tb≠n hcpw. As√-¶n¬ Ah≥ apk¬am≥

BIp-sa∂v kΩ-Xn-t°-≠n-h-cpw. F∂m¬, CXv c≠pw lZoYp-

I-fpsS hy‡-amb ]kvXm-h-\bv°v FXn-cm-Wv. AXn-\m¬, Cu

lZoYv hymJym-\-a¿ln-°p∂ H∂m-Wv. Cu lZo-Yn\v A√mlp

F\n°v shfn-s∏-SpØnØ∂n-´p≈ hymJym-\-an-Xm-Ip∂p Ah-

km-\-Im-eØv Z÷m¬ F∂p t]cp≈ Hcp Iq -cp-≠m-Ipw. Ah¿

Ckvemans‚ ITn-\-i-Xp-°-fm-bn-cn-°pw. Ah¿ Ckvemans\

\in-∏n-°m-\m-bn, AXns\ `qap-J-Øp-\n∂v thtcmsS ]ngp-sX-

dn -bp -hm -\m -bn, I≈-s\-t∏mse IAv_˛ AXm-Wt√m

Ckvemans‚ tIµw˛ ]Z-£nWw sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv. AXn-s\-Xn-

cmbn akolv auDuZpw Ckvemans‚ tIµw˛ AXns\

IAv_tbmSmWv D]-an-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv˛ ]Z-£nWw sNøpw. B

]Z-£nWwsIm≠p≈ akolv auDu-Zns‚ Dt±iyw Z÷m¬

F∂p \ma-I-cWw sNø-s∏- n-cn-°p∂ B I≈s\ ]nSn-°p-Ibpw

Ahs‚ ssItø-‰-Øn¬\n∂v Ckvemans‚ tIµsØ c£n-

°p-I-bp-am-Wv. cmXn-Im-e-ß-fn¬ I≈\pw Imh¬°m-c\pw hoSp-

Iƒ ]Z-£nWw sNøp-sa-∂Xv ]Xy-£-am-sbmcp kwK-Xn-bm-

W-t√m. I≈s‚ Dt±iyw hoSn\p Xpc¶w sh°p-Ibpw ho´n-ep-

≈-hsc \in-∏n-°p-I-bp-am-Wv. Imh¬°m-cs‚ Dt±-iy-am-h-s´,

290 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

I≈s\ ]nSn-°p-Ibpw Imcm-Kr-l-Øn-e-S-°p-I-bp-am-Wv. ta¬∏-

d™ lZo-Yn¬ Cu a’-c-sØ-∏-‰n-bmWv kqNn-∏n-®n-´p-≈Xv

AXm-bXv Ah-km-\-Im-e-Øv, Z÷m¬ F∂p \ma-I-cWw sNø-

s∏-ń-´p≈ B I≈≥ Ckvemans‚ sIńSw s]mfn-°p-∂-Xn\p

th≠n Atß-b‰w ]cn-i-an-°pw. akolv auDu-Zm-h-s´,

Ckveman-t\m-Sp≈ A\p-I-º-bm¬ Xs‚ i_vZw BImiwhsc

Db¿Øpw. Ah-km-\-k-a-b-Øv At±-l-Øn\v hnP-b-ap-≠mIp-

∂-Xn-\mbn F√m ae-°p-Ifpw At±-l-tØm-Sp-IqSn D≠m-bn-cn-

°pw. At±lw Xf-cp-Itbm aSn-b-\m-hp-Itbm ]n≥hm-ßp-Itbm

sNømsX B I≈s\ ]nSn-°m-\mbn Atß-b‰w ian-°pw.

At±-l-Øns‚ iaw ]c-a-Im-jvT-bn-se-Øp-tºmƒ Ckvem-an-\p-

th≠n At±-l-Øns‚ lrZbw FX-tØm-f-amWv Dcp-In-t∏m-

bn-´p-≈-sX∂v A√mlp ImWp-∂-Xm-Wv. At∏mƒ temI-Øn\v

sNøm≥ Ign-™n-ń-√mØ B ]hrØn At±lw \n¿∆-ln-

°pw. a\p-jy-I-c-ß-fm¬ t\Sm≥ Ign-™n-ń-√mØ hnPbw ae-

°p-Iƒ apJm-¥cw ssIh-cp-Ibpw sNøpw.

akolv auDu-Zns‚ Ah-km\ Znh-k-ß-fn¬ ITn-\-amb

B]-Øp-Iƒ Cd-ßpw. DK-amb qI-º-ßƒ D≠m-Ipw. apgp-h≥

temIØp\n∂pw kam-[m\w t]mbn-t∏m-Ipw. Cu hn]-Øp-Iƒ

ako-lns‚ ZpB-bpsS e-ambn amXw Cd-ßp-∂-h-bm-bn-cn-°pw.

At∏mƒ, Cu AS-bm-f-ßƒ°ptijw At±-l-Øn\p hnP-b-ap-

≠m-Ipw. akolv auDuZv Npaen¬ ssIsh®p Cd-ßp-sa∂p Be-

¶m-cn-I-ambn ]d-b-s∏-ń-´p≈ ae-°p-Iƒ AXm-Wv. Cu Z÷m-

en-bmb hn]Øv˛ AXp-sIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏-ń-´p-≈Xv Ah-km-

\-Im-esØ hgn-]n-g® ]mXncn-am-cpsS KqVm-tem-N-\-bmWv a\p-

jy-i-a-Øm¬ C√m-Xm-Ip-sa∂v C∂v B¿°v ]d-bm≥ km[n°pw?

F∂m¬, A√mlpXs∂ Cu hn]-Øns\ \n¿Ωm¿÷\w

sNøpw. Ah≥ an∂¬t]mse ]Xn-°pw. tImfp-t]mse hcpw.

sImSp-¶m‰p t]mse temIsØ Ipep°pw. Fs¥-∂m¬ Ahs‚

tIm]m-·n-bpsS Imew h∂p. ]t£, Ah≥ \ncm-i-b-\m-Wv.

JpZvd-Øm-Ip∂ I√ns‚ Xo Pzen-∏n-°m≥ a\p-jys‚ A¿∞-\-

bpsS kΩ¿±w IqSntb Ign-bq. lm, FX ]bm-k-ap≈ ]WnbmWv!

\msamcp XymKw sNtø-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. \mw B XymKw sNøp-

∂-Xp-hsc Ipcniv Jfi\w km[y-a-m-hp-I-bn-√. AØcw XymKw

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 291

GsX-¶n-ep-samcp \_n sNøm-Xn-cp-∂n-S-tØmfw Imew At±-

l-Øn\v hnP-b-ap-≠m-bn-´n-√. B XymKsØ kw_-‘n-®mWv

hnip≤Jp¿-B-\n¬, AXm-bXv

]hm-N-I-∑m¿ Xßsf kzbw ka-cm-·n-bpsS Xobn-en-´p-sIm≠v

hnP-b-Øn-\mbn ]m¿∞n-®p. ]ns∂-¥p-≠mbn? Zp¿hm-in-°m-

cmb F√m tkz—m-[n-Im-cn-Ifpw \in-s®m-Sp-ßn (hn.-Jp. 14:16).

Xmsg ]d-bp∂ ]Zy-i-Iew CXn-s\-bmWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

A√m-lp-hns‚ Hcp ASn-bms‚ lrZ-b-Øn¬ GXp-hsc thZ-

\-bp-≠m-bn- n√ AXp-hsc A√mlp Hcp kap-Zm-b-tØbpw Ffn-

a-bn-em-°n-bn-´n-√.

Ipcnip apdn-°p-sa-∂-Xn\v Ipcn-ins‚ actam kz¿Æ-Øn-

s‚tbm sh≈n-bp-sStbm Ipcntim apdn-°p-sa∂v A¿∞w Iev]n-

°p-∂Xv Atß-b‰w A_-≤-am-Wv. AØcw Ipcn-ip-Iƒ

Ft∏mgpw CkvemanI bp≤-ß-fn¬ DS™psIm≠n-cp-∂n-´p-≠v.

AXn-\m¬ AXns‚ A¿∞w akolv auDuZv Ipcnip kn≤m¥w

Jfin-°psa∂pw AXn-\p-tijw temIØv Ipcn-ip-kn-≤m¥w

A`n-hr-≤n-s∏-Sp-I-bn-s√-∂p-am-Wv. Ah-km-\-Imewhsc apf-sb-

Sp-°mØhn[w AXv apdn™pt]mIpw. a\p-jys‚ Ic-am-bn-cn-

°p-I-bn√ AXns\ apdn°p∂Xv; kIe i‡n-I-fp-sSbpw A[n-

Im-cn-bmb A√m-lp-hm-bn-cn°pw AXv apdn-°p-∂-Xv. GXp-hn[w

Ah≥ Cu hn]-Øns\ D≠m-°ntbm AtX-hn[w AXns\

D≥aq-e\w sNøp-∂-Xp-am-Wv. Ah≥ a‰p-≈-h¿°v _lp-aXn

\evIp-I-bn-√. ]t£, Ahs‚ Ic-ß-fpsS krjvSn-bmb ako-

ln\v Cu _lp-aXn e`n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. A√mlp _lp-aXn \evIp-

∂-hs\ A]-am-\n-X-\m-°m≥ B¿°pw Ign-bp-∂-X-√. B akolv

al-Øm-sbmcp Imcy-Øn-\p-th≠n \ntbm-Kn-X-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

B Imcyw At±-l-Øns‚ ssIøm¬ hnP-bn-°pw. At±-l-

Øns‚ BK-a\w Ipcn-ins‚ A[x-]-X-\-Øn\v Imc-W-am-Ipw.

Ipcnip kn≤m-¥-Øns‚ Bbp v At±-l-Øns‚ Bhn¿`m-h-

tØm-Sp-IqSn ]q¿Øn-bm-Ipw. P\-ßfpsS Nn¥m-KXn X∂-Øm≥

Ipcnip kn≤m-¥Øn¬ \n∂v aSpØp ]n¥n-cn™p sIm≠n-cn-

°pw. bqtdm-∏n¬ Ct∏mƒ B AhÿbmWv ]Xy-£-s∏´p

292 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. C∂v iº-f-°m-cmb ]mXncn-am¿ amX-amWv

InkvXp-a-X-Øns‚ ]hrØn \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

hn⁄m-\n-Iƒ B kn≤m¥w ssIsh-Sn™p sIm≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. Ipcnip kn≤m-¥-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn bqtdm-∏n¬ hoim≥

XpS-ßn-bn- p≈ Im‰m-Wn-Xv. \ntXy\ AXns‚ Du°pw B°hpw

IqSn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. CXmWv akolv auDu-Zns‚ Bhn¿`m-

h-Øns‚ e£-Ww. Fs¥-∂m¬ akolv auDu-tZm-Sp-IqSn Cd-

tß≠ B c≠v ae-°p-Iƒ Ipcnipkn≤m-¥-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn

]h¿Øn®psIm≠n-cn-°-bm-Wv. temIw A‘-Im-c-Øn¬\n∂v

]Im-i-Øn-te°v \oßn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Z÷m-

en-s‚ X¥w ]Xy-£-amb \ne-bn¬ XI-cp∂ B kabw ASp-

Øn-cn-°p-∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬ AXns‚ ]mb-]q¿Øn FØn-°-gn-

™p.

akolv auDuZv ]∂nsb sIm√p-sa-∂p≈ ]h-N\w \nIr-

jvS\pw NoØ \mhp-Im-c-\p-amb iXp-hns\ ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-

∂-Xn-s\-bmWv kqNn∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Aß-s\-bp≈ iXp akolv

auDu-Zns‚ ]m¿∞\sIm≠v \mi-aSbp-sa∂pw AXv kqNn-∏n-

°p-∂p.

akolv auDuZn\v a°-fp-≠m-Ip-sa∂ ]h-N-\-Øns‚ kmcw

A√mlp At±-l-Øns‚ hwi-Øn¬\n∂v At±-l-Øns‚ ]Xn-

\n-[n-bm-hp-Ibpw Ckvemwa-XsØ klm-bn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂

Hcmsf P\n-∏n-°p-sa-∂m-Wv. Fs‚ Nne ]h-N-\-ß-fn¬ Cu

kwKXn shfn-hm-°-s∏-´n-´p-≠v.

akolv auDuZv Z÷m-ens\ sIm√p-sa-∂-Xns‚ A¿∞w

At±-l-Øns‚ Bhn¿`m-h-Øm¬ Z÷m-ens‚ hn]Øv XmgvN-

bn-te°v hcp-sa∂pw X∂-Øm≥ Ipd™pt]mIp-sa∂pw _p≤n

Pohn-I-fpsS lrZbw GI-ssZh hnizm-k-Øn-te°v Nmbp-sa-

∂p-am-Wv. Z÷m¬ F∂ ]Z-Øn\v c≠phn[-Øn-ep≈ A¿∞-

amWv I¬]n-°-s∏- n- p-≈-sX∂ kwKXn a\- n-em-°-Ww. AXm-

b-Xv, Z÷m-ens‚ Hc¿∞w \pWsb klm-bn-°p-Ibpw h©-

\bpw NXnbpw sIm≠v Imcyw km[n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ P\-k-

aqlw F∂m-Wv. as‰m-c¿∞w F√m If-hn-s‚bpw hn]-Øn-s‚bpw

]nXm-hm-bn-cn-°p∂ ibvXzm≥ F∂m-Wv. X≥aqew Ahs\

sIm√p-I-sb-∂-Xns‚ kmcw B ss]im-Nn-I-amb hn]-Øn-s\,

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 293

Ah-km-\-Imewhsc hf¿∂p-h-cmØ hn[w D≥aq-e\w sNøp-

sa-∂m-Wv. AXm-bXv Cu Ah-km-\sØ bp≤-Øn¬ ibvXzm≥

h[n-°-s∏-Spw.

akolv auDu-Zv, h^m-Øn-\p-tijw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS

I_vdn¬ ]th-in-°p-sa-∂-Xn\v (\-Du-Zp-_n-√m-lv) \_n Xncp-

ta-\n-bpsS I_v¿ Xpd-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂v A¿∞w I¬]n-°p-∂Xv

_mly-ambn amXw Nn¥n-°p-∂-h-cpsS A_-≤-am-Wv. AXv \n¿Ω-

cym-Zhpw A\m-Z-c-]q-¿∆-hp-amb Hcp Nn¥m-KXnbmWv. AXns‚

t\cmb A¿∞w ac-Wm-\-¥cw akolv auDu-Zn\v, \_n-(k)Xn-

cp-ta-\n-bpsS ]Z-hn-bpsS kmao]yw kn≤n-°p-sa∂pw c≠v Bflm-

°fpw Htc I_vdn¬ AS°w sNø-s∏-´-Xp-t]mse At±-l-

Øns‚ Bflmhv \_n-(k)Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS Bflm-hp-ambn ASp-

°p-sa-∂p-am-Ip-∂p. icn-bmb A¿∞w CXm-Wv. CjvS-ap-≈-h¿

a‰¿∞w I¬]n-®p-sIm-≈-s´. ac-Wm-¥cw imco-cn-I-amb I

_vdn\p ]m[m-\y-sam-∂p-an-s√∂v B≤ym-flnI P\-ßƒ°-dn-bmw.

F∂m¬, \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bp-ambn B≤ym-flnI _‘-ap≈ F√m-

h-cp-sSbpw Bflm-hn\v \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS Bflm-hns‚

kmao]yw kn≤n°pw; Fs‚

ASn-bm-tcmSv IqSn-t®¿∂v Fs‚ kz¿§-Øn¬ ]th-in-°pI F∂v

A√mlp ]d-™-Xp-t]m-se.

akolv auDuZv sIm√-s∏-Sp-I-bn√ F∂ ]h-N\w kqNn∏n-

°p-∂Xv JmØ-ap¬Jp-e-^m-Av sIm√-s∏-Sp-I-sb-∂Xv Ckvem

an\v A]-am-\-I-c-am-sW-∂m-Wv. CtX Imc-W-Øm¬Xs∂-bm-

Wv \_n(k)Xncp-ta-\nbpw h[-Øn¬\n∂v kwc-£n-°-s∏-´-Xv.

(l-Jo-J-Øp¬ hlvbv, 307-˛313).

294 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

6. \p_p-∆Øv hmZw

Rß-fpsS hnizmkw

AlvaZnøm PamA-Øns‚ ÿm]-I-cmb lZvdØv Alv

aZn(A)s‚ hmZw kw_-‘n® N¿®-bn¬ JØ-ap-∂p-_p∆-

Øns‚ ]iv\hpw Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p-≠v. Fs¥-∂m¬, Xm≥ akolpw

alvZn-bp-am-sW∂ hmZ-tØm-sSm∏w "fn√n'-bmb \_n-bm-sW∂pw

lZv dØv AlvaZv(A) hmZn-®n-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. AXm-bXv \_n-

Xn-cp-ta-\nsb ]n¥p-S-cp-Ibm¬ Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ]Xn-]p-cp-j≥

F∂ \ne-bn¬ X\n°v \p_p-∆Øv kn≤n-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v

At±lw hmZn-®p. AXn-\m¬, kXym-t\z-jn-Iƒ°v am¿§-Z¿i-

\-am-Im≥ th≠n Cu KŸ-Øn¬ AXn-s\-∏-‰nbpw Npcp-ßnb

\ne-bn-se-¶nepw ]Xn-]m-Zn-t°-≠Xv Bh-iy-am-bn-Øo¿∂n-cn-

°p-∂p. F∂m¬, Hcp Imcyw a\- n-em-°-Ww, hnip≤Jp¿-B-

\n¬ ]d-™n-´p-≈-Xp-t]mse \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n bYm¿∞-Øn¬

JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ BsW-∂Xv Rß-fpsS hnizm-k-am-Wv. JØ-

ap-∂p-_p-∆-Øn¬ Rßƒ lrZ-b-]q¿∆w hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw

AXns\ \ntj-[n-°p-∂Xv Ip^vdm-sW∂v Icp-Xp-Ibpw sNøp-

∂p. ]t£, C∂v AlvaZn-I-f-√mØ A[nIw aue-hn-amcpw [cn-

®n-cn-°p∂ A¿∞-a√ "JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo\v' Rßƒ I¬]n-°p-

∂-Xv. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n°ptijw \p_p-∆-Øns‚ hmXn¬ \nt»jw

AS-bv°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw taen¬ Hcmfpw Hcp ]Im-c-

Ønepw \_n-bm-hm≥ ]mSn-s√-∂p-a√ "JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥' F∂-

Xn\v Rßƒ I¬]n-°p∂ A¿∞w. t\sc-a-dn-®v, AXns‚

A¿∞w \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n \_n-am-cpsS apZ-bm-sW-∂m-Ip-∂p.

AXm-bXv \p_p-∆-Øns‚ apgp-h≥ KpW-ßfpw ]cn-]q¿Æ-amb

\ne-bn¬ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bn¬ Hcp-an®p IqSn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Xncp-

ta-\n-bpsS tXm´-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ ^ew `pPn-°m-sXbpw Xncp-

ta-\n-bpsS Dd-hn¬\n-∂p≈ Pew IpSn-°m-sXbpw taen¬

Hcmƒ°v \p_p-∆-Øm-Ip∂ A\p-K-l-Øn¬\n∂v ]¶p e`n-°p-

I-bn-√. taen¬ B≤ym-flnI tijvTX e`n-°-W-sa-¶n¬ At±-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 295

l-Øns‚ kXy-apZ A\n-hm-cy-am-bn-Øo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p. At±-

l-Øn-\p-tijw At±-l-Øns‚ ico-A-Øns\ Zp¿∫-e-s∏-Sp-

Øp-Itbm t\cn´p kzX-¥-amb \ne-bn¬ \p_p-∆-Øm-Ip∂

A\p-K-l-Øn\v ]mX-am-hp-Itbm sNøp∂ Hcp \_nbpw hcpI

km[y-a-√. F∂m¬, "fn√o \p_p-∆-Øn's‚ hmXn¬ AS-bv°-

s∏-´n-´n-√. lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) Hcp fn√n-\-_n-bm-sW-∂mWv

Rßƒ hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xv. fn√n \p_p-∆-Øn\v Rß-fpsS ]°¬

CXm-W¿∞w. DØ-a-\mb Hcmƒ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-tbm-Sp≈ A\p-

k-c-W-Ønepw kvt\l-Ønepw At±-l-Øns‚ Bflm-hns\

Xnf-ßp∂ taØ-c-samcp IÆm-Sn-t]mse kwip-≤-am-°p-Ibpw

AXn¬ bmsXm-cp-hn[ Idbpw Ie¿∏pw C√m-Xm-°p-Ibpw \_n-

Xn-cp-ta-\n-tbm-Sp≈ A\p-k-c-W-Ønepw kvt\l-Ønepw apgp-

Inbh-\m-bn´v Xs‚ Bflm-hm-Ip∂ IÆm-Snsb \_n-Xn-cp-ta-

\n-bpsS ]cn-ip-≤-amb AkvXn-Xz-Øns‚ apºmsI ]cn-]q¿Æ-

ambn sIm≠p-h-cm-\p≈ ]Ir-Xn-]-c-amb Ignhv At±-l-Øn-\p-

≠m-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ Hcp kwip-≤-amb IÆm-Sn-bn¬

AXns\ t\m°p∂ BfpsS cq]w ]Xn-bp-∂-Xp-t]m-se, \_n-

Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS KpW-hn-tijhpw al-\o-b-Xbpw At±-l-Øns‚

Bflm-hm-Ip∂ IÆm-Sn-bn¬ ]Xn-bp-∂-Xm-Wv. B Ah-ÿ-bn¬

At±lw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS fn√v AXm-bXv ]Xncq]w Bhp-

Ibpw sNøpw. Aß-s\-bp≈ Bƒ \p_p-∆-Øm-Ip∂ ]Z-hn°v

tbmKy-\m-hp-Ibpw At±-l-Øns‚ ]Ir-Xn-]-c-amb i‡n \p_p-

∆-Øns‚ cq]w kzoI-cn-°m≥ ]cym-]vX-am-hp-Ibpw sNøp-I-bm-

sW-¶n¬ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS \p_p-∆Øv fn√n-bmb \ne-bn¬

At±-l-Øn¬ ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\nsb ]n¥p-

S-cp-I-bm¬ "_pdq-kn'-bmb \ne-bn¬ At±-l-Øn\v \p_p-∆Øv

ÿm\w e`n-°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv. AØcw \p_p-∆Øv Rß-fpsS

]°¬ "JØ-ap-∂p-_p-∆-Øn'\v FXn-c-√. AØcw \_nbpsS

BK-a\w \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n Ah-km-\sØ \_n-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂-

Xn\v bmsXmcphn[-Øn-ep≈ hnLm-X-am-hp-I-bp-an-√. t\sc-a-dn-

®v, AØcw \p_p-∆-Øv XpS¿∂p-≠m-hp-I-sb-∂Xv \_n-Xn-cp-

ta\nbpsS B≤ym-flnI ]cn-]q¿Æ-Xbv°v al-Øm-sbmcp sXfn-

hm-Ip-∂p. hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]d-™n- p-≈-Xp-t]mse \_n(k)-

Xn-cp-ta\n \n›-b-ambpw JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo\m-Wv. lZo-Yn¬ hnh-

cn-®n-´p-≈Xpt]mse At±lw Xo¿®-bmbpw Ah-km-\sØ

296 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

\_n-bp-am-Wv. F∂m¬, AXv A\-l-avZn-I-fmb aue-hn-am-cn¬

A[n-Iw-t]cpw I¬]n-°p∂ A¿∞-Øn-e-√, adn-®v, apI-fn¬ hnh-

cn® A¿∞-Øn-em-Ip∂p.

Npcp-°-Øn¬, hnip≤Jp¿-Bs‚ A≤ym-]-\-a-\p-k-cn®v

\_n-(k)Xn-cp-ta\n JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo-\m-sW∂v Rßƒ lrZ-

b-]q¿∆w hniz-kn-°p-∂p. AXns‚ A¿∞w At±lw \_n-am-

cpsS apZ-bm-sW-∂m-Wv. AXm-b-Xv, \p_p-∆-Øns‚ F√m KpW-

hn-ti-j-ßfpw At±-l-Øn¬ Hcp-an®p IqSn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. taen¬

kzX-¥-amb\ne-bn¬ Hcp \_n hcp-Itbm At±lw sIm≠p-

h-∂n-´p≈ \nb-a-Øn¬ GsX-¶nepw hn[-Øn-ep≈ am‰-ßƒ

hcp-Øp-Itbm km[y-a-√. Bsc-¶nepw hcp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv

At±-l-Øns‚ Iogn-em-bn´pw At±-l-Øns‚ in£-W-Øn\p

hnt[b\mbn-´p-am-bn-cn-°pw.

CXp-t]m-se-Øs∂ lZo-Yn¬ ]d-™-X-\p-k-cn®v \_n-Xn-

cp-ta\n Ah-km-\sØ \_n-bm-sW∂pw Rßƒ hniz-kn-°p-

∂p. F∂m¬, AXns‚ A¿∞w Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS \p_p-∆Øv

irwJ-esb t`Zn-®p-sIm≠v ]pXn-sbmcp L´w XpS-ßp∂ Hcp

\_nbpw Xncp-ta-\n-bv°p-tijw hcm≥ ]mSn-s√-∂m-Wv. Fs¥-

∂m¬ Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS \p_p-∆-Øns‚ ]cn[n Ah-km-\-Imew

hsc \o≠p-\n¬°p-∂-Xm-sW∂pw Xncp-ta-\n°p tijw hcp∂

Bƒ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS injy\pw `rXy-\p-am-bn-´mWv hcp-I-

sb∂pw Rßƒ hniz-kn-°p-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ \p_p-∆Øv

Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS \p_p-∆-Øns‚ ]cn-[n-°p-≈n¬ HXp-ßn-b-Xm-

bn-cn-°pw. B \p_p-∆Øv Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS \p_p-∆-Øn\v tij-

ap-≈-Xm-sW∂v ]d-bm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√. tijw F∂-Xns‚

Dt±iyw Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS \p_p-∆-Øns‚ ]cn[n Ah-km-\n®p

F∂pw AXn-s\-Øp-S¿∂v as‰mcp \p_p-∆Øv ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp∂p

F∂p-am-Wv. F∂m¬, Rßƒ hnh-cn® Ah-ÿ-bn¬ \_n-Xn-

cp-ta-\n-bpsS \p_p-∆Øv Ah-km-\n-°p-∂n-√. A¥-y-Zn\whsc

AXns‚ ]cn[n \o≠p\nev°p-I-bm-Wv. B A¿∞-Øn¬ Xncp-

ta\n Ah-km-\sØ \_n-bm-sW∂ Imcy-Ønepw Xncp-ta-\n-

°p-tijw as‰mcp \_n hcm≥ ]mSn√ F∂ Imcy-Ønepw

bmsXmcp kwi-b-hp-an-√. \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo\pw Ah-

km-\sØ \_n-bp-am-sW∂v lrZ-b-]q¿∆w hniz-kn-°p-∂-tXm-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 297

Sp-IqSn lZvdØv AlvaZns\ A√m-lp-hns‚ \_nbpw dkq-ep-ambn

Bflm¿∞-X-tbmsS Rßƒ kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Fs¥-

∂m¬, lZvdØv AlvaZns‚ \p_p-∆Øv kzX-¥hpw \n¿_m-

[-hp-amb \p_p-∆-Øm-sW-∂-√, t\sc-a-dn®v \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS

\p_p-∆-Øns‚ fn√pw Xm_n-D-am-sW-∂mWv Rß-fpsS hnizm-

kw. AØcw \p_p-∆Øv \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS ]Zhn Ipd-bv°p-

hm≥ Imc-W-am-I-bn-s√∂v amXa-√, At±-l-Øn¬\n∂v e`n-

°m-hp∂ Bflob kn≤n-bpsS ]cn-]q¿ÆX sXfn-bn-°p-∂Xv

IqSn-bm-Wv. Xncp-ta\n Hcp \_n amX-a-s√∂pw \_n-amsc D≠m-

°p∂ Bƒ IqSn-bm-sW∂pw AXv temI-Øn\v ImWn®p sImSp-

°p-∂p. Xs‚ Zmk≥am¿°p IqSn Xm≥ apJm-¥cw fn√n \p_p-

∆Øv e`n-°m-hp∂ DXv°r-jvS-amb ]Z-hn-bmWv At±-l-Øn-t‚-

sX∂v AXv hy‡-am-°p-∂p. CXmWv Rß-fpsS hnizm-kw.

C\n Rß-fpsS Cu hnizm-k-Øn\v Dt]m¬_-e-I-amb

GXm\pw tcJ-Iƒ ]Xn-]m-Zn-°mw. AXn-\p-ap-tº CXp-kw-_-

‘n®v Rß-fpsS FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ D∂-bn-°p-∂Xpw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-

\n°ptijw \p_p-∆-Øns‚ hmXn¬ \nt»jw AS-bv°-s∏´p

t]mbn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂ A\p-am-\-Øn\v Imc-W-am-Ip-∂-Xp-amb

tcJ-Isf Jfin-t°-≠Xv AXym-h-iy-am-Wv. AXn-\p-tijw

Rß-fpsS hnizm-k-Øn\v A\p-Iq-e-amb sXfn-hp-Iƒ hnh-cn-°mw.

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n°p tijw F√m hn[-Øn-ep≈ \p_p-∆-

Øn-s‚bpw hmXn¬ AS™pt]mbn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v IcpXp∂h¿

\mep Xc-Øn-ep≈ tcJ-I-fmWv D∂-bn-°p-∂Xv:

1. hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\nse JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂ Bb-

Øp-sIm≠v \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-°p-tijw \p_p-∆-Øns‚ hmXn¬

\nt»jw AS-™p-t]m-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw C\n Hcp hn[-Øn-

ep≈ \_nbpw hcm≥ ]mSn-s√∂pw A\p-am-\n-°p-∂p.

2. Nne lZo-Yp-I-fn¬ \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n, Xs∂ kw_-‘n®v

BJn-dp¬ Aºn-bm-Av Ah-km-\sØ \_n F∂pw em\-

_nø _AvZo F\n-°p-tijw \_n-bn√ F∂p-ap≈ ]Z-ßƒ

]tbm-Kn®n´p≠v. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-°p-tijw bmsXmcp Xc-Øn-

ep≈ \_nbpw hcm≥ ]mSn-s√∂v Cu ]tbm-K-ß-fn¬ \n∂v

sXfn-bp-∂-Xmbn Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂p.

298 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

3. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-°p-tijw Hcp \_nbpw hcp-∂-X-s√∂

Imcy-Øn¬ apkvenwkap-Zmbw GI-I-WvT-ambn tbmPn-®n-cn-°p-

∂p-sh∂p ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.

4. F√m \_n-amcpw Ah-tcm-Sp-IqSn Hcp ]pXnb \ymb-]-

am-Whpw Hcp ]pXnb KŸhpw sIm≠p-h-cp-∂-Xmbn ]kvXm-

hn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. a\p-jy-hw-i-Øn-\mbn Ah-km-\sØ \ymb-]-

amWw sIm≠p-h∂ ]hm-N-I-\mWv \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-sb-∂Xpw

taen¬ temIm-h-km\whsc as‰mcp \ymb-]-am-Whpw D≠m-

hp-I-bn-s√-∂Xpw Ccp-Iq-´cpw kΩ-Xn-°p∂ Imcy-am-Wv. AXn-

\m¬ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-°p-tijw Hcp \_nbpw hcm≥]mSn-√.

Cu \mep Xc-Øn-ep≈ tcJ-I-fmWv Rß-fpsS FXn-cm-fn-

Iƒ Ah-cpsS A`n-]m-b-Øn\v Dt]m¬_-e-I-ambn D∂-bn-°m-

dp-≈-Xv.

JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øos‚ hymJym\w

Cu tcJ-I-fn¬ H∂m-a-tØ-Xm-bn-cn-°p∂ hnip≤ Jp¿-B-

\nse JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂ hN-\-sØ-Øs∂ BZy-ambn

\ap°v ]cn-tim-[n-°mw. Cu hnhm-Z-Øn¬ AXmWv ASn-ÿm-

\-am-bn-´p-≈-Xv. hnip≤Jp¿-B-\n¬ A√mlp ]d-bp-I-bmWv:

apl-ΩZv \nß-fn¬\n∂p≈ Hcp ]pcp-j-s‚bpw ]nXm-h-√.

F∂m¬, At±lw A√m-lp-hns‚ dkqepw JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo-

\p-am-Wv. A√mlp F√m Imcy-sØ-°p-dn®pw \√-hÆw Adn-bp-

∂-h-\m-Ip-∂p (hn.-Jp. 33:41).

Cu hN-\-Øn¬ ]tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥

F∂Xv sIm≠p-t±-in-°p-∂Xv \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS BK-a-\-

tØmsS \p_p-∆-Øns‚ irwJe Ah-km-\n®p t]mbn-cn-°p-

∂p-sh∂pw Xncp-ta\n F√m hn[-Ønepw Ah-km-\sØ \_n

BsW-∂p-amWv Rß-fpsS FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬

Rß-fpsS ]°¬ Cu A¿∞w icn-b-√. Cu Bb-Øns\

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 299

kw_-‘n-®v. H∂m-a-Xmbn \mw a\- n-em-°-Ww. JmØw F∂Xv

Ad_n-bn¬ km[m-c-W-bmbn D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ Hcp ]Z-amWv;

AXns‚ A¿∞w apZ F∂m-Ip-∂p. "A∂_n-øo≥' F∂Xv

\_n F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ _lp-h-N-\-cq-]-am-Wv. JmØw F∂ ]Z-

sØbpw "A∂-_n-øo≥' F∂ ]Z-sØbpw kam-k-am-bn´mWv

ChnsS ]tbm-Kn-®n- p-≈-Xv. Ad_n mjm \nb-a-]-Imcw JmØ-

ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂ kam-k-Øns‚ A¿∞w \_n-am-cpsS apZ

F∂m-Wv. Cu hn[-Øn¬ ]kvXpX hN-\-Øns‚ A¿∞w apl-

ΩZv \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n°v ]pX-k-¥m-\-ß-fn-s√∂pw ]s£, Xncp-

ta\n A√m-lp-hns‚ dkqepw \_n-am-cpsS apZ-bp-am-sW∂pw

BWv. C\n \ap°v ]cn-tim-[n-°p-hm-\p-≈Xv ChnsS \_n-am-

cpsS apZ F∂p ]d-™-Xns‚ Dt±-iy-sa-¥m-sW-∂m-Wv. JmØ-

ap-∂-_n-øos‚ A¿∞w \n›-b-ambpw \_n-am-cpsS apZ F∂p

Xs∂-bm-sW-¶nepw AXp-sIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏-´Xv Ah-km-

\sØ \_n-bm-sW∂v Rß-fpsS FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂p. Imc-

Ww, apZ-bpsS ]hrØn AS®p ]q´-emWv. h√ ItØm at‰m

AS®p ]q´p-tºmgmWv AXn\v apZ IpØp-∂-Xv.

CXn-\p≈ adp-]-Sn-bn¬ \√-Xp-t]mse i≤n-t°≠ Hcp

Imcyw, apZ-bpsS bYm¿∞-amb ]hrØn AS-®p-]q-´pI F∂-

X-s√-∂pw, t\sc-a-dn®v kXy-s∏-Sp-ØpI F∂-Xm-sW∂pap≈-

Xm-Wv. AXm-b-Xv, GsX-¶nepw Fgp-Øn-s\tbm at‰m kXy-

s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw IrXn-a-a-s√∂v sXfn-bn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xn\p

th≠n-bmWv AXn≥ta¬ apZ IpØp-∂-Xv. Nne-t∏mƒ Fgp-

Øns‚ apI-fn-embpw a‰p Nne-t∏mƒ Xmsg-bmbpw apZ-Ip-Ø-

s∏-Sp-∂p. apZ-bpsS Bhiyw B Fgp-Øns\ kXy-s∏-Sp-Øp-

Ibpw IrXn-a-a-s√∂v ImWn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I-bm-sW∂v CXp-

sIm≠v \√-Xp-t]mse hy‡-am-Ip-∂p-≠v. C∂-h-≥ C∂ Fgp-

Øn≥ta¬ apZ-IpØn F∂Xv D¿Zp-`m-j-bn¬ Hcp s]mXp-

]tbmKam-bn-Øo¿∂n-´p-≠v. AXns‚ A¿∞-am-h-s´, B Fgp-

Øn≥ta¬ apZ-sh-®p-sIm≠v AXns\ kXy-s∏-Sp-Øn-sb-∂m-

Ip-∂p. Cu Imc-W-Øm¬ apZ IpØp-∂Xv apI-fntem Nph- ntem

Bcw-`-Øntem Ah-km-\-Øntem F∂Xv ]cn-K-Wn-°-s∏-Sm-dn-

√. Nne-t∏mƒ AXv apI-fn-em-Imw. a‰p Nne-t∏mƒ Nph-´n-ep-am-

Imw. apI-fntem Nph- ntem F∂ ]iv\w bYm¿t∞m-t±-iysØ

300 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

ap≥\ndpØn t\m°p-tºmƒ ]k-‡n-bn-√m-Ø-Xm-Wv. bYm¿∞-

amb Dt±iyw B FgpØv IrXn-a-a-s√∂pw C∂ Bfmtem

C∂ B^o-kn-\mtem C∂ Un∏m¿ vsa‚ntem C∂ Kh¨sa‚n-

\mtem kXy-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xm-sW∂v ImWn-°p-I-bm-Wv. t\m°p-

I, lpZbv-_nømk‘n-°p-tijw hntZ-i-cm-Pm-°∑m¿°pw `c-

W-I¿Øm-°ƒ°pw £W-°-Øp-Iƒ Ab-°m-\p≈ Dt±-iyw

\_n-Xn-cp-ta\n shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-t∏mƒ IØn≥ta¬ AXns‚

DS-a-ÿs‚ apZ-bn-√m-Ø-]£w B IØns‚ t\sc Ah¿ i≤

sNep-Øp-I-bn-s√∂v Xncp-ta-\n-tbmSp ]d-b-s∏-´-Xmbpw Xncp-

ta\n DS≥Xs∂ Hcp ko¬ Xøm-dm-°n-®-Xmbpw ]n∂oSv B

ko¬ F√m IØn-S-]m-Sp-Iƒ°pw D]-tbm-K-s∏-SpØnbXmbpw

lZo-Yn¬ ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p (_p-Jm-cn, apkvenw).

Npcp-°-Øn¬ apZ-bpsS Dt±iyw kXy-s∏-Sp-Ø-em-sW-∂Xv

]Xy-£-am-sbmcp ]c-am¿∞-am-Wv. AXn-\m¬, JmØ-ap-∂-_n-

øo≥ F∂ Bb-Øns‚ A¿∞w apl-ΩZp \_n°v imco-cn-I-

amb ]pX-k-¥m-\-ßƒ Cs√-¶nepw At±lw A√m-lp-hns‚

dkq¬ BsW-∂m-Wv. A√m-lp-hns‚ dkq¬ Xs‚ DΩ-Øns‚

Bflob ]nXm-hm-Ip-∂p. Cu hn[-Øn¬ At±lw k¥m-\-c-

ln-X-\-√, k¥m-\-ap≈ Bfm-Wv. IqSm-sX, At±lw Hcp km[m-

cW dkq-ep-a-√, JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ IqSn-bm-Wv. AXm-b-Xv,

At±lw km[m-c-W-°m-cmb kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS amXw ]nXm-

h-√, Bflo-b-ambn \_n-am-cp-sSbpw dkq¬am-cp-sSbpw ]nXmhv

IqSn-bm-Ip-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ Z¿_m-dn¬ \n∂v kXy-s∏-Sp-Øp∂

apZ-tbmSp IqSn-b-√msX C\n Hcp dkq-en\pw Hcp \_n°pw

hcm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√m-Ø-hn[w D∂-X-amb ÿm\w At±-l-

Øn\v e`n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬ At±lw km[m-c-W-°m-

cmb kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS amXw Bflob ]nXm-h-√, \_n-am-

cp-sSbpw dkq¬am-cp-sSbpw IqSn Bflob ]nXm-hm-Wv. Npcp-°-

Øn¬, At±-l-Øn\v imco-cn-I-amb ]pXk¥m-\-ß-fn-s√-¶nepw

At±-l-Øns‚ amlm-fly-Øn\v AXp-sIm≠v tIm´w X´p-∂n-

s√∂pw At±lw (\-Du-Zp-_n-√mlv) k¥m-\-c-ln-X-\m-hp-∂n-

s√∂pw FÆ-a‰ DXv°r-jvS-k-¥m-\-ß-fpsS ]nXm-hm-sW-∂p-

amWv Cu Bb-Øns‚ icn-bmb kmcw.

t\m°p-I, Xncp-ta-\n°ptijw \p_p∆Øns‚ hmXn¬ AS-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 301

™p-t]m-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂ A¿∞w Cu Bb-Øn¬ \n∂v P\n-

°p-∂pt≠m? F∂p-am-X-a-√, JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂-Xn\p Ah-

km-\sØ \_n-sb∂v A¿∞-sa-Sp-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ ]kvXpX

Bb-Øn\v bmsXmcp A¿∞-hp-an-√m-Xm-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw (\-Du-

Zp-_n-√mlv) apgp-h≥ BbØpw Hcp \nc¿∞-h-N-\-Øns‚ cq]w

ssIs°m-≈p-Ibpw sNøpw. Cu \ne-bn¬ Bb-Øns‚ A¿∞w

apl-ΩZv \_n°v ]pX-k-¥m-\-an-s√-∂Xv icn-X-s∂, F∂m¬,

At±lw Ah-km-\sØ \_n-bmWv F∂m-bn-Øo-cpw. CXv

A¿∞-c-ln-X-am-sbmcp hmIy-am-Wv. "em°n≥' F∂ ]Zw apºn¬

]d™ kwK-Xn-s°-Xn-cmb Bibw ]n∂oSv ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-

Xn-\p-th-≠n-bmWv Ad-_n-bn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv˛ sskZv [oc-

\m-Wv, em°n≥(-]-t£) Imb-_ew Ipd-™-h-\mWv F∂p ]dbp-

∂-Xp-t]mse; As√-¶n¬ JmenZv \nc-£-c-\mWv em°n≥(-]-

t£) _p≤n-am-\mWv F∂-Xp-t]m-se. AXm-bXv BZysØ hmN-

I-Øn¬ Fs¥-¶nepw KpW-amWv hnh-cn®n´p≈-sX-¶n¬ c≠m-

a-tØ-Xn¬ AXn-s\-Xn-cmb h√ Ipdhpw hnh-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.

AYhm BZysØ hmIy-Øn¬ \yq\-X-bmWv hnh-cn-°-s∏-Sp-

∂-sX-¶n¬ c≠matØ-Xn¬ AXn-s∂-Xn-cmb KpWhpw hnh-cn-

°-s∏-Sp-∂p. as‰mcp ]Im-c-Øn¬, BZy-hm-N-I-Øn¬ h√ kwi-

bhpw D≠m-hp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ c≠m-asØ hmNIwsIm≠v B

kwibw Xo¿°p-hm≥ Dt±-in-°-s∏-Sp-tºmgpw em°n≥ F∂

]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp≠v F√m-hcpw Fgp-t∂-‰p-t]m-bn, em°n≥

(]-t£) Da¿ t]mbn√ F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]m-se. Chn-sS, F√m-

hcpw Fgp-t∂‰pt]mbn F∂ hmNIwsIm≠v Hcmfpw _m°n-

bm-bn-´nt√ F∂ kwibw DZn-°p-∂p. em°n≥ F∂ ]Zw D]-

tbm-Kn®p sIm≠v B kwibw Xo¿Øp. Cu ]tbm-K-Øn\v

Ad-_n-bn¬ "CkvXn-Zvdm°v' F∂mWv ]d-bp-∂-Xv. em°n≥ F∂

]Zw CkvXn-Zvdm-°n\pth≠n D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂v Ad_n

hymI-c-W-K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬ hy‡-ambn ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p.

Cu hymJym-\-Øn-\p-tijw ta¬]-d™ Bb-Øn-s\-∏‰n

Nn¥n-°p-∂-Xm-bm¬ bmYm¿∞yw shfn-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv. Fs¥-

∂m¬ B Bb-Ønepw em°n≥ F∂ ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-®n´p≠v.

BbØv C]-Im-c-amWv:˛ apl-Ω-Zn\v bmsXmcp ]pX-k-¥m-\-

hp-an√; ]t£ At±lw A√m-lp-hns‚ dkqepw JmØ-ap-∂-

302 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

_n-øo-\p-am-Wv. Ct∏mƒ ChnsS em°n≥ F∂-Xn\v tij-ap≈

hmN-I-Øn-\v, AXn\v aptº ]d™ hmN-I-Ønse Bi-b-Øn\p

FXn-cmb Hc¿∞w I¬]n-t°-≠n-bn -cn -°p-∂p. AY-hm,

BZysØ hmNIwsIm≠v Fs¥m-c-`n-]m-bhpw kwi-bhpw

D≠m-hp-∂p-t≠m, AXns\ \o°p-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°Ww c≠m-asØ

hmN-Iw. Cu hymJym-\-Øns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬ Nn¥n®p t\m°p-

I. AlvaZnIf√m-Ø-h-cpsS A¿∞w kzoI-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬

JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂ ]Z-Øn\v _p≤n-]q¿∆-amb Hcp A¿∞-

ap-≠m-hm≥Xs∂ \nhr-Øn-bn-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ Bb-Øn¬

em°n≥ F∂-Xn\v aptºbp≈ `mK-Øns‚ A¿∞w Xncp-ta-

\n°v bmsXmcp ]pX-k-¥m-\hp-an-s√-∂m-Wv. ]n∂n-ep≈ JmØ-

ap-∂-_n-øos‚ A¿∞w Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS BK-a-\-Øm¬ \_n-

am-cpsS Bhn¿`mhw \ne-®p-t]m-sb∂pw C\n Hcp \_nbpw

hcm≥ ]mSn-s√-∂p-am-sW-¶n¬ apgp-h≥ Bb-Øns‚bpw A¿∞w

C]-Im-c-am-Ip-∂-XmWv:˛ ""aplΩZv \_n°v bmsXmcp imco-cnI

]pX-k-¥m-\-hp-an√; ]t£, At±-l-Øns‚ BK-a-\-tØm-Sp-IqSn

\p_p-∆-Øns‚ irwJ-ebpw \ne®p t]mbn-cn-°p-∂p.'' CXm-h-

s´, tIhew Akw-_-‘hpw \nc¿∞-hp-amb Hcp hN-\-am-Ip-

∂p. t\sc-a-dn-®v, Rßƒ ]d-bp∂ A¿∞w Xo¿®-bmbpw

em°n≥ F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ Dt±-iy-Øn\v tbmPn-®-Xm-Wv. Rßƒ

]d-bp∂ A¿∞-an-XmWv:˛ apl-ΩZp \_n°v imco-cn-I-amb

k¥m-\-ßƒ C√; ]t£ At±-l-Øn\v Bflob k¥m-\-ßƒ

[mcm-f-ap-≠v. F∂p-am-X-a-√, At±-l-Øns‚ Bflob k¥m-\-

ß-fn¬ \_nbpw dkqepw IqSn D≠m-hmw. FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ ]d-

bp∂ A¿∞-Øns‚ D]a C∂-hs‚ ssIbn¬ euIn-I-amb

[\-sam-∂p-an√; ]t£ B≤ym-flnI [\hpw \mkvXn-bmWv

F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xpt]mse-bm-Wv. Rß-fpsS A¿∞-Øns‚ D]-

atbm C∂-hs‚ ssIbn¬ euIn-I-amb [\-sam-∂p-an-√. ]t£

Bflo-b-[\w [mcm-f-ap-≠v. Bflob[\sØ kw_-‘n-®n-S-

tØmfw At±lw cmPm-hm-Wv, A√ NI-h¿Øn-bmWv F∂p

]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bm-Ip-∂p. hmb-\-°m¿ Nn¥n®p t\m°p-I.

c≠¿∞-ß-fn¬ GXmWv icnbpw t\¿°p-t\-sc-bp-ap-≈-Xp-sa-∂v.

em\-_nø _AvZo

Rß-fpsS FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ D∂-bn-°p∂ c≠m-asØ Xc-Øn-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 303

ep≈ tcJ-Iƒ lZoYns\ ASn-ÿm-\-s∏-Sp-Øn-bp-≈-Xm-Wv.

CXn¬ Ah¿ km[m-c-W-bmbn D∂-bn-°m-dp-≈Xv em \_nø

_AvZo F\n-°p-tijw \_n-bn√ F∂pw A\ BJn-dp¬ Aºn-

bmC Rm≥ Ah-km-\sØ \_n-bmWv F∂p-ap≈ \_n hmIy-

ß-fm-Wv. Cu c≠p hN-\-ß-fp-sSbpw B¥-cm¿∞w apI-fn¬

]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≠v. Ch-bpsS kmcw \_n Xncp-ta-\n°p tijw

bmsXmcphn[-Øn-ep≈ \_nbpw hcm≥ ]mSn-s√∂s√∂pw

t\sc adn-®v, At±-l-Øns‚ \p_p-∆Øv ImesØ Ah-km-\n-

∏n-°p-Itbm As√-¶n¬ At±-l-Øn¬\n∂v kzX¥amb \ne-

bn¬ \p_p-∆Øv kºm-Zn-°p-Itbm sNøp∂ Hcp \_n hcm≥

]mSn-s√-∂m-sW∂pw ChnsS Nq≠n-°m-Wn-®n-´p-≠v. IqSmsX

as‰mcp kwKXnIqSn Hm¿Ω sht°-≠-Xp-≠v. AXm-b-Xv, Nne-

t∏mƒ Hcp s]mXp-hmb Imcy-am-bn-cn°pw ]d-bp-I. F∂m¬,

bYm¿∞-Øn¬ AXns‚ Dt±iyw Hcp ]tXyI Imcy-am-bn-cn-

°pw. H∂p-IqSn hy‡-am-°-s∏-Sp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Hcp ]Zw \ncp-

]m-[n-I-amb cq]-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-t -°mw. ]t£, hmkvX-

h-Øn¬ AXv D]m-[n-Ihpw ]cn-an-Xm¿∞-Øn-ep-≈-Xp-am-bn-cn-

°pw. Hcp ]Zw \ncp-]m-[n-I-amtbm D]m-[n-I-amtbm BWv D]-

tbm-Kn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v kµ¿`w t\m°n amXta a\- n-

em-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q. DZm-l-c-W-ambn lZo-Yn¬ ]d-bp∂p:˛

]ƒ]â×ÔÒŠ†FpÊ¡ÒŠ†FpeÃ‚åæ]ƒ]â×ÔÎn’†Ê¡În’†eÃ‚åüCt∏m-gsØ Inkvdm (C-dm-\nse NI-h¿Øn) acn®p

t]mbm¬ At±-l-Øn\p tijw as‰mcp Inkvdm D≠m-hp-I-

bn√; Ct∏m-gsØ ssIk¿ (tdmw NI-h¿Øn) acn®p t]mbm¬

At±-l-Øn\p tijw as‰mcp ssIk¿ D≠m-hp-I-bn-√ (_p-Jm-

cn, InXm-_p¬ Cuam≥).

ChnsS Inkvdm F∂pw ssIk¿ F∂p-ap≈ ]Z-ßƒ \ncp-

]m-[n-I-ambn IW-°m-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ (\-Du-Zp-_n-√m-lv) \_n

Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS Cu hN\w Xs∂ sX‰m-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xm-Wv.

Fs¥-∂m¬ GsXmcp ssIk-dpsS Ime-ØmtWm \_n-Xn-cp-

ta\n Cu ]h-N\w ]d-™n-cp-∂Xv B ssIk-dn-\p-tijw

bmsXmcp ssIkdpw D≠mhm≥ ]mSn-√. F∂m¬, At±-l-Øn\p

tijw ]e ssIk¿amcpw ÿm\m-tcm-lWw sNbvXn-´p-≠v.

304 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

AXn-\m¬ ChnsS ssIk-sd∂pw Inkvdm-sb-∂p-ap≈ ]Z-ßƒ

D]m-[n-I-am-bp-]-tbm-Kn-®-Xm-sW∂v kΩ-Xn-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ \nhr-

Øn-bn-√. AXm-bXv Ct∏m-gsØ ssIk-dn\pw Inkvdm-bv°pw-

tijw Ah-cpsS ]Z-hn-bn-ep≈ ssIkdpw Inkvdmbpw D≠m-

hp-∂-X-s√∂v A¿∞-sa-Sp-t°-≠n hcp-∂p. F∂m¬, ]Xy-£-

Øn¬ B ]Zw s]mXp-hmbpw \ncp-]m-[n-I-am-bp-amWv D]-tbm-

Kn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. CØcw DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ F√m `mj-I-

fnepw [mcmfw ImWm≥ Ign-bpw. AXm-bXv, ]d-bp-∂Xv Hcp

s]mXp kwK-Xn-bm-bn-cn-°pw. ]Xy-£-Øn¬ AXn-s\mcp \n_-

‘-\tbm Hgnthm D≠m-bn-cn-°n-√. F-¶nepw bYm¿∞-Øn¬

AXv D]m-[n-I-ambn D]-tbm-Kn®Xmbn-cn-°pw. ]tbm-‡mhp

Fs¥-¶nepw ]tXyI Dt±-iytam e£ytam ap≥ \ndpØn-s°m-

≠m-bn-cn°pw AXp ]d-™n- p-≠m-hp-I. AXp-sIm-≠v, em \_nø

_AvZn, F∂pw A\ BJn-dp¬ A≥_n-bmC F∂pw a‰p-ap≈

hN-\-ßfnse ]Z-ßƒ°pw s]mXp-hn-ep≈ A¿∞w I¬]n®p

sIm≈-W-sa-∂n-√. t\sc adn®v a‰p sXfn-hpIƒsIm≠v a\- n-

em-hp-∂Xv B ]Z-ßƒ D]m-[n-I-ambpw ]cn-an-Xm¿∞-Øn-ep-am-

bn-´mWv D]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p-≈-sX-∂m-Wv. AXns‚ Dt±-iy-am-h-s´,

F\n°ptijw Fs∂-t∏mse ico-A-tØmSpIqSnb Hcp \_n

D≠m-hp-I-bn√ F∂pw ico-A-tØmSpIqSnb \_n-am-cn¬ Rm≥

Ah-km-\sØ \_n-bm-sW∂pw Fs‚ ico-A-Øp Ah-km-

\sØ icn-A-Øm-sW-∂p-am-Ip-∂p.

as‰mcp lZoYv Rß-fpsS Cu A¿∞sØ A\p-Iq-en-°p-

∂p. lZvdØv Bbn-i(-d) ]d-bp-I-bmWv:

ÎçÖç]]Þùäüì^iÜ]ŸÞfn«ðæŸiÏçÖçŸÞfoùeÃ‚åüapkvenwItf! \nßƒ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\nsb kw_-‘n®v

At±lw JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ BsW∂v ]d-™p-sIm-≈pI;

]t£, At±-l-Øn-\p-tijw Hcp \_nbpw D≠m-hp-I-bn-s√∂v

]d-b-cp-Xv (Zp¿dp a≥kq¿, Pn¬Zv 5).

F\n-°p-tijw \_n-bn√ F∂v \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n ]d-™-

Xn\v Xncp-ta-\n°ptijw Hcp hn[-Øn-ep≈ \_nbpw D≠m-

hm≥ ]mSn-s√-∂-√, Hcp ]tXyI Xc-Øn-ep≈ \_n AXm-b-

Xv, ]pXnb ico-A-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb \_n hcm≥ ]mSn-s√-∂mWv

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 305

A¿∞-sa∂v Cu hN\w sIm≠v kqcy-]-Imiw t]mse sXfn-

bp-∂p-≠v. Cu hN\w ]tXyIw Nn¥n-t°≠ H∂mWv. Fs¥-

∂m¬ em \_nø _AvZo F∂ lZo-Yn-s‚ B¥-cm¿∞w

AXv hy‡-am-°n-Ø-cp-∂p. em \_nø _AvZo F∂-Xn\v c≠n-

semcp A¿∞ta D≠mhm≥ Xc-ap-≈q. H∂p-In¬ AXns‚

A¿∞w \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-°p-tijw bmsXm-cp-hn-[-Øn-ep≈

\_nbpw D≠m-hm≥ ]mSn-s√-∂m-bn-cn-°-Ww. As√-¶n¬ Hcp

]tXy-I-X-c-Øn-ep≈ \_n D≠m-hm≥ ]mSn-s√-∂m-bn-cn-°-Ww.

F∂m¬, em \_nø _AvZo F∂ hmNIw tIƒ°p∂ amX-

bn¬Øs∂ [cn-°m-\n-S-bmIp∂ A¿∞w Xncp-ta-\n°p tijw

F√m hn[-Øn-ep≈ \p_p-∆-Øn-s‚bpw IhmSw AS-bv°-s∏´p

t]mbn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw Hcp-hn-[-Øn-ep≈ \_nbpw C\n hcm≥

]mSns√∂pam-Wv. c≠m-asØ A¿∞-am-hs´ Btem-Nn-°p-∂-

Xp-sIm≠pw ]q¿t∆m-Øc `mK-ß-fn¬ i≤n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-

sIm≠pw amXta [mc-W-bn¬ hcn-I-bp-≈q. AXn-\m-emWv

apkvenwIsf sX‰m-sbmcp A`n-]m-b-Øn¬ \n∂v c£n-°p-∂-

Xn-\p-th≠n \nßƒ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\nsb JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥

F∂p ]d™p sIm≈p-I, ]t£, At±-l-Øn\p tijw \_n-

bp-≠m-hp-I-bn-s√∂v ]d-b-cpXv F∂v lZvdØv Bbn-i(-d) DZvt_m-

[n-∏n-®-Xv. as‰mcp hn[-Øn¬ ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, Ah¿ ]d-

™-Xns‚ A¿∞w em \_nø _AvZo F∂ lZo-Yn\v JmØ-

ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂ Jp¿-B≥ hmIy-tØmSv tbmPn® A¿∞ta

I¬]n-°mhq F∂m-Wv. B A¿∞-am-h-s´, \_n Xncp-ta-\n-°p-

tijw ico-A-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb Hcp \_nbpw taen¬ hcm≥]mSn-

s√∂pw h√ \_nbpw hcn-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ At±lw Xncp-ta-\n-

bp-sS injy\pw tkh-I\pw DΩ-Ønbpw Bbn-cn-°p-sa∂pw

BWv.

F∂m¬, apI-fn¬ ]d-™-Xp-t]m-se, bYm¿∞-Øn¬ \_n-

Xn-cp-ta\n Ah-km-\sØ \_n-bm-sW∂pw At±-l-Øn\p

tijw Hcp \_nbpw D≠m-hp-I-bn-s√∂pw Rßƒ kΩ-Xn-°p-

∂p-≠v. Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS \p_p∆-Øns‚ A‰w Jnbm-a-tØmfw

\o≠-Xm-sW∂v Rßƒ hniz-kn-°p-∂p. AXn-\m¬, Xncp-ta-

\n-bpsS \p_p-∆-Øns‚ \ng-embn IW-°m-°p-Ibpw Xs∂ Xncp-

306 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

ta-\n-bpsS injy≥am-cnepw Zmk≥am-cnepw Dƒs∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw

sNøp∂ Hcp \_n D≠m-hp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ \n›-b-ambpw At±-

l-Øns‚ \p_p-∆-Øns\ Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS \p_p-∆-Øn\v ]pd-

Øp≈ Hcp \p_p-∆-Ømtbm Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS \p_p-∆-Øn-\p-

ti-j-ap≈ Hcp \p_p-∆-Ømtbm IW-°m-°m≥ Xc-an-√. Imc-

Ww, At±-l-Øns‚ \p_p-∆-Øp-sIm≠v Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS \p_p-

∆Øn\v AdpXn hcp-∂-X-√. t\sc-a-dn®v AXn-\p-ti-jhpw Xncp-

ta-\n-bpsS \p_p-∆Øv aptº-sb∂-t]mse XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-

°pw. AXn-\m¬ AØ-c-samcp \_n-bpsS BK-a-\-ap-≠m-bm¬

°qSnbpw Xncp-ta\n bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Ah-km-\sØ \_n Xs∂-

bm-Wv.

eu Im\ _AvZo \_n-øp≥ eIm\ Dad

\_n Xncp-ta-\n°ptijw HcpXc-Øn-ep≈ \_nbpw hcm≥

]mSn-s√-∂-Xn\v tcJ-bmbn D∂-bn-°-s∏-Sp∂ as‰mcp lZoYv

CXmWv:˛

ÖçÒ^áeÃ‚pÞfn&^ÖÓ^áÂÛ†F\n°ptijw \_n-bp-≠m-Ip-am-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Da¿ \_n-

bm-tb-t\ (an-ivIm-Øv).

\_nXncp-ta-\n°p tijw Hcp hn[-Øn-ep≈ \_nbpw D≠m-

hp-I-bn-s√∂pw D≠m-hp-am-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS Acp-

f-∏m-S-\p-k-cn®v \n›-b-ambpw lZvdØv Da¿ \-_n-bm-Ip-am-bn-cp-

∂p-sh∂pw Cu lZo-Yp-sIm≠v A\p-am-\n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. F∂m¬,

CkvemanINcnXw a\- n-em-°m-Ø-Xn¬ \n∂p¤-hn® Hcp

sX‰p[m-c-W-bm-Wn-Xv. lZvdØv Da-dns‚ Poh-N-cnXw ]Tn-°p∂

GsXm-cmƒ°pw Cu lZo-Yns‚ A¿∞w F¥m-sW∂v £Ww

a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bpw. ]c-am¿∞-an--XmWv lZvdØv Da¿ hen-

sbmcp \nb-a-⁄-\m-bn-cp-∂p. \nb-a-\n¿ΩmWw sNøp-∂-Xnepw

\nb-a-ß-fpsS D®-\o-N-Xz-ßfpw KpW-tZm-j-ßfpw a\- n-em-°p-

∂-Xnepw At±-l-Øn\v ]tXy-I-amb ]mS-h-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. CXv

A]q¿∆w Nne hy‡n-I-fn¬ amXw D≠m-Ip∂ Hcp KpW-hn-

ti-j-am-Wv. henb _p≤n-am≥amcpw ka¿∞≥amcpw hn⁄m-

\n-I-fp-amb ]e-scbpw ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bpw. F∂m¬ \nb-\n¿

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 307

ΩmW Imcy-Øn¬ Ah¿ tIhew A]m-]vX-cm-bn-cn-°pw. \nb-

a-\n¿ΩmW kma¿∞yw Bh-iy-am-bn-´p≈ Fs¥-¶nepw Npa-

Xe Ahsc Gev]n-°p-tºmƒ A°m-cy-Øn¬ Ah¿ ]cm-P-b-

s∏´p t]mIp-∂p. F∂m¬, Cu KpW-hn-tijw lZvdØv Da-dn¬

]Xy-£-ambn ImWp-hm-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp Imcy-Øn¬ a‰p

kzlm-_n-Iƒ Hcphn[-Ønepw lZvdØv Da¿ as‰m-cp-hn-[-Ønepw

A`n-]mbw ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-Ibpw HSp-hn¬ lZvdØv Da-dns‚ A`n-

]m-b-tØmSv tbmPn® hn[-Øn¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ hN\w Cd-

ßp-Ibpw sNbvX ]e kw`-h-ßfpw D≠m-b-Xmbn lZoYn¬

tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øs∏´n-´p≠v. AXm-bXv B Imcy-ß-fn¬ lZvdØv

Da-dns‚ ho£-W-K-Xn-bmWv a¿Ω kv]¿in-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv (_p-

Jm-cn, apkvenw).

AXp-sIm-≠v, F\n-°p-tijw Hcp \_n-bp-≠m-Ip-am-bn-cp-

s∂-¶n¬ Da¿ \_n-bm-tbs\ F∂ \_n hN-\-Øns‚ kmcw

Xncp-ta-\n°p tijw ico-A-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb Hcp \_n-bp-≠m-Ip-

am-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ AXn-\p≈ KpW-hn-tijw lZvdØv Da-dn-ep-

s≠∂pw At±lw A]-Im-c-ap-s≈mcp \_n BIp-am-bn-cp-∂p-

sh∂pw amX-am-Wv. Cu A¿∞w as‰mcp hn[-Ønepw \ymbo-I-

cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v. AXm-b-Xv, kzlm-_n-I-fn¬h®v G‰hpw

tijvT≥ lZvdØv A_q-_-°¿ kn±o-Jv(-d) Bbn-cp-∂p-sh∂v

Alvep p-∂Øv h¬P-am-AØv GI-I-WvT-ambn hnizkn°p-

∂p. Cu lZo-Ynse \_n F∂ ]Zw sIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏-´Xv

s]mXp-hn-ep≈ \_n-bm-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ lZvdØv A_p-_-°-dmWv

B ÿm\-Øn\v IqSp-X¬ A¿l-\m-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xv. ]t£, \_n-

Xn-cp-ta\n At±-lsØ Hgn-hm-°n-s°m≠v lZvdØv Da-dns\

kw_-‘n-®mWv ]kvXpX h-N\w D]-tbm-Kn-®-Xv. AXp-sIm≠v,

lZvdØv A_q-_-°-dns\ Ih-®p-sh-°p-amdv lZvdØv Da-dn¬

anI®p \nev°p∂ Hcp ]tXyI KpW-hn-ti-j-amWv ChnsS kqNn-

∏n-°-s∏- n- p-≈-sX∂v a\- n-em-Ip-∂p. B KpW-hn-ti-j-am-h-s´,

\nb-a-\n¿ΩmWw kw_-‘n-®-Xm-Wv. Cu Ah-ÿ-bn¬ ta¬]-

d™ lZo-Yns‚ A¿∞w F\n-°p-tijw ico-A-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb

Hcp \_n D≠m-Ip-am-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ \n›-b-ambpw AØ-c-Øn-

ep≈ Hcp \_n BIm-\p≈ KpW-hn-tijw Da-dn¬ Ds≠∂p

amX-am-Wv.

308 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

ap_-»n-dmØv

CXp kw_-‘n®v D∂-bn-°-s∏-Sp∂ as‰mcp lZoYv

IqSnbp≠v. AXn-XmWv:

Eeí^…pD ÖÜmfÐÚà]Ößùfçùé]Ÿù]ÖÛfù†]l\p_p-∆-Øn¬ ap_-»n-dmØv amXta C\n _m°n-bp-≈p

(_pJm-cn, Pn¬Zv 4, A_vhm-_p-Ø-A-v_o¿).

\p_p-∆-Øn¬\n∂v C\n ap_-»n-dmØpw ap≥Zn-dmØpw

(ap≥Zn-dmØv ]c-kv]cw th¿s]-Sp-Øm≥ Ign-bmØ hn[w ap_-

»n-dm-Øp-ambn _‘-s∏-´-Xm-Wv) amXta _m°n-bp-≈p-sh∂pw

\p_p-∆-Øns‚ a‰v imJI-sf√mw Ip‰n-b‰pt]mbn-cn-°p-∂p-

sh∂pw Cu lZo-Yn¬ hy‡-ambn ]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-s≠∂v ]d-

b-s∏-Sp-∂p. AXm-b-Xv, taen¬ Hcp kXy-hn-izm-kn°v e`y-am-

Im-hp∂ ]Zhn GsX-¶nepw kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø-Itfm B]¬kq-

N-\-Itfm AS-ßnb Z¿i-\tam C¬lmtam D≠mhpIsb-∂Xv

amX-am-bn-cn-°pw. AXn-\-∏pdw bmsXm-∂p-ap-≠m-hp-I-bn-√.

F∂m¬, Rßƒ ]d-bp∂p: \p_p-∆Øv Ah-km-\n-s®∂p

ÿm]n-°m-\mbn D∂-bn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Cu lZoYv \p_p-∆-Øns‚

IhmSw Xpd-∂p-In-S-°p-∂p-sh∂v ÿm]n-°p-I-bmWv sNøp-∂Xv

F∂m-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬, apI-fn¬ ]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≈-Xp-t]mse

\_n-am¿ c≠v hn[-Øn-ep-≈-h-cm-Wv. H∂v ico-A-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb

\_nbpw as‰m∂v ]pXnb ico-A-sØm-∂p-an-√mØ \_n-bpw.

ico-A-Øn-√mØ \_n-bpsS C¬lm-ap-I-fn¬ kt¥mj hm¿Ø-

Ifpw B]¬kq-N-\-Ifpw amX-am-Wp-≠m-bn-cn-°p-I. AXn-\m¬,

Cu lZo-Yns‚ Dt±iyw taen¬ ico-A-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb Hcp \_n

hcn-I-bn-s√∂pw F∂m¬, kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø-I-tfmSpw B]¬

kqN-\-I-tfmSpw IqSnb \_n hcm-sa∂pw BIp-∂p.

ap_-»n-dmØpw (k-t¥m-j-h¿Ø-am-\-ßƒ) ap≥Zn-dmØpw

(in-£-I-sf-Ip-dn-®p≈ ap∂-dn-bn-∏v) Hcp \n m-c-Im-cy-am-sW∂v

[cn-°p-∂Xv hºn® A_-≤-am-Wv. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ CtX ap_-

»n-dmØpw ap≥Zn-dmØpw A[n-I-ambpw ]q¿Æ-ambpw Hcmƒ°v

\evI-s∏-Sp-tºm-gmWv At±lw \_n-bm-Ip-∂-Xv. Npcp-ßnb

tXmXn¬ AXv F√m kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°pw e_v[-am-sb∂p

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 309

hcmw. F∂m¬, GXp-]-Imcw Hcp \qdpdp∏n-IbpsS DS-a-ÿ≥

]W-°m-c-s\∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂n-√tbm AtX-]-Imcw \n m-c-amb

tXmXn¬ ap_-»n-dmØpw ap≥Zn-dmØpw e_v[-am-Ip∂ Bƒ

\_n-sb∂v hnfn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. ]t£, AXns‚ Bh¿Ø\w

A[n-I-am-bn-s°m-≠n-cn°pIbpw AXv AXns‚ kwip-≤n-bn¬

]cn-]q¿ÆX ]m]n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ A√m-lp-hns‚

]°¬ AXns‚ DS-a-ÿ≥ \_n-bm-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. t\m°p-I,

Ign™ ]hm-N-I≥am-cn¬ ico-A-Øn-√msX h∂n-´p≈ \_n-

am-cn¬, ap_-»n-dmØpw ap≥Zn-dmØpw A[n-I-ambn e_v[-am-I-

Ø-°-hn[w A√m-lp-hp-am-bp≈ Ah-cpsS _‘w A`n-hr-≤n-

s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂-Xn\v ]pd-sa, as‰¥v A[nI KpW-ß-fm-Wp-

≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv? AXm-b-Xv, Ah¿°pw Ah-cpsS A\p-bm-bn-

Iƒ°pw th≠n kt¥m-j-h¿Ø-am-\-ßƒ e`n-°p-Ibpw Ah

\nd-th-dp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. Ah-cpsS iXp-°-fm-hs´

in£bv°v ]mX-am-hp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p.

Npcp-°-Øn¬, ap_-»n-dmØpw ap≥Zn-dmØpw Npcp-ßnb

tXmXn¬ F√m kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°pw \evI-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv.

F∂m¬, Ah A[n-I-am-bm¬ AXns\ \p_p-∆-sØ∂v ]d-

bpw. AXp-sIm≠v X\n-°p-tijw \p_p-∆-Øn¬ ap_-»n-dm-Øn-

s‚bpw ap≥Zn-dm-Øn-s‚bpw `mKw amXta C\n _m°n-bp-≈p-

sh∂v \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n Acpƒ sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xns‚ Dt±iyw

taen¬ ico-A-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb \p_p-∆-Øns‚ IhmSw AS-™p-

t]m-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v amX-am-Wv. ap_-»n-dm-tØmSpw ap≥Zn-dm-

tØmSpw IqSnb \p_p-∆Øv XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°pw. Ah-bn¬

\n∂p≈ Hmlcn F√m-h¿°pw bYm-tbmKyw e`n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

F∂m¬, henb ]¶p e`n-°p∂ Bƒ \_n-bm-hp-Ibpw sNøp-

∂p. GXp-t]m-se-sb-∂m¬, Hcp \qdp-dp-∏n-I-bpsS DS-a-ÿ\pw

bYm¿∞-Øn¬ ]W-°m-c-\m-Wv. ]t£, kmt¶-Xn-I-ambn

Abmsf ]W-°m-c-s\∂v ]d-bp-I-bn-√. AtX ka-bØv e£w

Ddp-∏n-I-bpsS DS-a-ÿs\ ]W-°m-c-s\∂v hnfn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

CXn\pw ]pdsa Cu lZo-Yns‚ ]Z-ßƒ Xs∂bpw \_n

Xncp-ta-\n°ptijw HcpXc-Øn-ep≈ \p_p-∆Øv XpS-cp-∂-Xm-

sW∂ Bibw ]I-S-am-°p-∂p-≠v. Fs¥-∂m¬

310 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

Eeí^…pD ÖÜmfÐÚà]Ößùfçùé]Ÿù]ÖÛfù†]lF∂-XmWv \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n D]-tbm-Kn® ]Z-ßƒ. AXns‚

kmcw \p_p∆-Øns‚ a‰v Xc-ß-sf√mw Ah-km-\n-®p-t]m-bn-cn-

°p-∂p-sh∂pw ]t£, ap_-»n-dm-Øn-s‚bpw ap≥Zn-dm-Øn-s‚bpw

\p_p-∆Øv C\nbpw Ah-ti-jn-®n-´p-s≠-∂p-am-Ip-∂p. DZm-l-c-

W-am-bn, Hcp tbmK-sØ-∏-‰n, F√m-hcpw Fgp-t∂‰p t]mbn, ]

s£ Hcmƒ amXw _m°n-bp≠v F∂v ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ B

_m°n-bm-bn- p≈ Bƒ a\p-jy-\√ t\sc adn®v as‰t¥m km[-

\-am-sW∂ Bibw Hcn-°-ep-ap-≠m-Ip-∂-X-√. CtX-]-Imcw X

s∂-bmWv Cu lZo-Ynepw \p_p-∆-Øns‚ F√m Xc-ßfpw Ah-

km-\n®pt]mbn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw F∂m¬ Hcp Xcw amXw, AXm-

b-Xv, ap_-»n-dm-Øn-s‚bpw ap≥Zn-dm-Øn-s‚bpw \p_p-∆Øp amXw

_m°n-bp-s≠∂pw ]d-b-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

\p_p-∆Øv Imcy-Øn¬ CPvam-Av?

aq∂m-a-Xmbn ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv, \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-°p-tijw Hcp

\_nbpw hcn-I-bn-s√∂ Imcy-Øn¬ apkvenw DΩ-Øns‚ CPvam-

Av Ds≠∂pw "DΩ-Øns‚ CPvam-Av' Hcp sXfn-hm-sW∂pw BI-

bm¬ \p_p-∆-Øns‚ IhmSw Ct∏mƒ AS-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn

ÿm]n-X-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂p-ap-≈-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬, Rßƒ ]d-

bp-∂-Xv, apkvenwDΩØv Cu Imcy-Øn¬ tbmPn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-

sh∂ A`n-]mbw tIhew sX‰m-sW-∂m-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬,

lZvdØv Bbn-i-bpsS A`n-]mbw apI-fn¬ ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-ń-

´p-≠v. Ah¿ ico-A-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb \p_p-∆-Øns‚ hmXn¬

amXsa AS-™-Xm-bn´pw ico-A-Øn-√mØ \_n-bpsS BK-

a\w JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂ Bb-Øn\pw em \-_n-ø- _-

AvZo F∂ lZo-Yn\pw FXn-c-s√∂pw BWv a\- n-em-°n-bn-cp-

∂-Xv. CtX-]-Imcw lZvdØv Aen, lZvdØv apKo-d-Øp_v

_v\pip-Av_(d) apX-emb Nne kzlm-_n-am-sc-∏-‰nbpw Ah¿

\_n Xncp-ta-\n-°p-tijw ico-A-Øn-√mØ \_n hcp-∂Xv

kw`hy-am-bn-´mWv Icp-Xn-bn-cp-∂-sX∂v cnhm-bØv sNø-s∏-ń-

cn-°p-∂p (Zp¿dp a≥kq¿ h C-_v\p¬ Aºmcn h C_v\p A_o-

ibv-_vx). Ah-cpsS Cu A`n-]m-b-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn as‰mcp kzlm-

_nbpw A`n-]m-b-]-I-S\w sNbvX-Xmbn cnhm-bØv sNø-s∏-

ń-´p-an-√. a‰v kzlm-_n-am-cp-sSbpw A`n-]mbw ico-A-tØmSp

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 311

IqSnb \p_p-∆-Øns‚ hmXn¬ amX-amWv AS-™n-´p-≈Xv

F∂m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂mWv CXn¬\n∂v sXfn-bp-∂-Xv. C\n kzlm-

_-Øn\p tij-ap≈ Ime-sØ-∏‰n ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, Camw

AlvaZp_v\plº¬ ]d-™Xpt]mse CPvam-Cs‚ hmZw Xs∂

sX‰mWv (ap-k-√-ap-Yp-_q-Øv, hmfyw 2, t]Pv 68). Fs¥-∂m¬

kzlm-_-Øn-\p-tijw CPvam-Av Dt≠m C√tbm F∂v Adn-

bm≥ Ign-bmØhn[w apkvenwP\X ]e cmPy-ß-fnepw

]c∂pIgn-™n-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. F∂n-cns° GsX-¶nepw Imcy-

Øn¬ DΩ-Øn\v CPvam-Av Ds≠∂v Fßs\ ]d-bm≥

km[n°pw? F¶nepw sXfnhv ]q¿Øn-bm-°p-∂-Xn\pth≠n, Cu

km¶¬]n-I-amb CPvam-Cs\ Jfin-°p∂ Nne ke- o-ß-fpsS

A`n-]mbw Xmsg tN¿Øp sIm≈p-∂p.

l\^o I£n-bpsS ]K-¤-\mb Camw apl-±nYv ap√m Aeo-

Jmcn (a-cWw 1014 lnPvdn) ]d-bp-I-bmWv:˛

ÖçÂ^]e†]ânÜæ‘^…Þfnù÷æÒ„]ÖÔÖç‘^…ÂÛ†Þfnù^ÖÓ^á

Úà]if^ÂäÂ×nä]ÖŠù¡Ý!!!!Ê¡mß^Î˜ÎçÖäì^iÜ]Ößùfnùnà]ƒ]

ÖÛÃßFo]ÞùäŸmªioÞfo'eÃ‚åümßŠîÚ×ùjäüæÖÜmÓàÚà]Újä

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS aI≥ C_vdmlow \_n-bm-hp-Itbm

lZvdØv Da¿ \_n-bm-hp-Itbm sNbvXn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Ah-cn-cp-

hcpw Xncp-ta-\nsb A\p-k-cn-°p∂ \_n-am-cm-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-

cpsS \p_p-∆Øv A√m-lp-hns‚ hN-\-amb JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo\p

FXn-cm-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. Fs¥-∂m¬, JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øos‚

A¿∞w Xncp-ta-\n-°p-tijw Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ico-A-Øns\

Zp¿∫-e-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂tXm Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬ \n∂-√m-

ØtXm Bb Hcp \_nbpw hcp-I-bn-s√-∂m-Wv (aufq BsØ

I_o¿, t]Pv 58:59). aPva-D¬_n-lm-dns‚ I¿Øm-hmb Camw

apl-ΩZv Xmln¿ (a-cWw 986 lnPvdn) ]d-bp-I-bmWv:˛

âF„]Þ^¾†]ÖFoÞˆæÙÂnŠFoæâF„]]m–÷^Ÿmß^Êou‚m&ŸÞfoù

eÃ‚pŸÞùäü]…]ŸÞfoùmßŠî†Âäü

312 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

\nßƒ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\nsb kw_-‘n®v JmØ-ap-∂-_n-

øo≥ F∂v ]d™p sIm≈p-I-sb∂pw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-°p-tijw

\_n-bp-≠m-I-bn-s√∂v ]d-b-cp-sX∂pw lZvdØv Bbni ]d-

™n- p-≈Xv akolv auDu-Zns‚ BK-a-\sØ ap≥\ndpØn-s°m-

≠m-Wv. lZvdØv Bbn-i-bpsS B hN\w em \_nø _AvZn

F∂ lZo-Yn\v FXn-c-√. Fs¥-∂m¬, Xs‚ \p_p-∆-Øns\

Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ Hcp \_nbpw X\n°vtijw D≠m-hp-I-bn-

s√-∂mWv \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\nbpw Dt±-in-®n-cp-∂-Xv. (XIvane aPva-

D¬ _nlm¿, t]Pv 85).

Xk∆p^ns‚ Camw Bb lZvdØv aplvbn±o-\p_v\p Ad_n

(a-cWw 638 lnPvdn) ]d-bp-I-bmWv:˛

]Ößùfçé]Öùjo]ÞÏ_Ãkeçqç…‰þ³þ³þ³çÙ]Ö×#ä‘×où]Ö×#äÂ×nä

æâF„]ÚÃßoÎçÖä‘×où !!!!!!!!! æ‰×ùÜ]ÞùÛ^âoÞfçùé]Öj†mÄ

]Ö×#äÂ×näæ‰×ùÜ]áù]ÖŠ^Öèæ]ÖßùfçéÎ‚]ÞÏ_ÃkÊ¡…‰çÙ

eÃ‚pæŸÞfoù]pŸÞfoùeÃ‚pmÓçáÂ×Fo†Åmí^ÖÌ

†ÂoeØ]ƒ]Ò^ámÓçáivkuÓÜ†mÃjo

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS \p_p-∆-tØmSp IqSn Ah-km-\n®p

t]mIp∂ \p_p-∆Øv ico-A-Øns‚ \p_p-∆-Øm-Wv..... X\n°p

tijw cnkm-eØpw \p_p-∆Øpw Ah-km-\n-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw

X\n-°p-tijw dkqepw \_nbpw D≠m-hp-I-bn-s√∂pw \_n-

Xn-cp-ta\n ]d-™-Xns‚ A¿∞w \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS ico-A-

Øn\v hncp-≤-amb as‰mcp ico-A-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb Hcp \_n D≠m-

hp-I-bn-s√∂pw h√ \_nbpw D≠m-hp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ At±lw

Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ico-A-Øn\p hnt[-b-\m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw BWv

(^pØp-lm-Øp¬ a°nb, hmfyw 2, t]Pv 73).

Camw A_vZp¬ hlvlm_v iAvdm\n(-d) (a-cWw 976,

lnPvdn) ]d-bp-I-bmWv:˛

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 313

Ê^áùÚ_×Ð]ÖßùfçéÖÜi†iËÄæ]ÞùÛ^]…iËÃkÞfçùé]Öj†mÄ\p_p-∆Øv A∏Sn Ah-km-\n-®n-´n-√, F∂m¬, ico-A-

Øns‚ \p_p-∆Øv Xo¿®-bmbpw Ah-km-\n-®n-cn-°p-∂p (A¬b-

hm-Jo-Øv h¬ Phm-ln¿, hmfyw 2, t]Pv 24).

alm-\mb apP-±nZv lZvdØv ibvJv AlvaZv kn¿ln≥Zn apP-

±nZv A¬^-km\o (a-cWw 1034 lnPvdn) ]d-bp-I-bmWv:-˛

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-°p-tijw Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ°v

A\p-k-c-W-Øn-s‚bpw ]n¥p-S¿®m-h-Im-i-Øn-s‚bpw hgn-bmbn

\p_p-∆-Øp-ÿm\w e`n-°p-∂Xv Xncp-ta\n JmØ-ap¿dpkp-em-

bn-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v FXn-c-√. \nßƒ C°m-cy-Øn¬ kwi-bm-ep-

°-fm-bn-cn-°-cp-Xv (aIvXq_msØ Alva-Zn-øm hmfyw 1, aIvXq-

_v t]Pv 1,2).

]fin-X-h-cy\pw 12-˛mw \q‰m-≠nse apP-±n-Zp-amb lZvdØv

imlvh-en-øp√mlv apl-±nYv Zlvehn (a-cWw 1176 lnPvdn)]d-

bp-I-bmWv:˛

ìjÜeä]Ößùfnùçá]pŸmçq‚Úàm^Ú†å]Ö×#ä

‰þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³fv^Þäüe^Öjùþ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³þ³†mÄÂ×o]Öß^Œ

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bn¬ \p_p-∆Øv Ah-km-\n®p F∂p ]d-

bp-∂-Xn\v taen¬ ico-A-tØm-Sp-IqSn A√mlp Hcm-sfbpw

\ntbm-Kn-®-b-°p-I-bn-s√-∂mWv A¿∞w (X-^vlo-amsØ Cem-

ln-øm, X^vlow t]Pv 53).

314 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

tZhv_µv aZvd-k-bpsS ÿm]-I≥ lZvdØv auehn apl-

ΩZv Jmknw kmln_v \m\q-Øhn (a-cWw InkvXzm–w 1889)

]d-bp∂p:

""\_n-Xn-cp-ta\n "JmØw' BIp∂p F∂-Xns‚ Xmev]cyw

kmam-\y-cpsS A`n-]m-b-Øn¬ Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS Imew ap≥I-

gn™ ]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS Ime-Øn\v tij-ap-≈-Xm-sW∂pw Xncp-

ta\n F√m-h-cnepw Ah-km-\sØ ]hm-N-I-\m-sW-∂p-a-sX.

F∂m¬, Imew aptºm ]ntºm BIp-∂-Xn¬ bmsXmcp tijvT-

X-bp-an-s√∂v ⁄m\n-Iƒ°v Adn-bm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. F∂n-cns°

\_n-Xn-c-pta-\nsb JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øn≥ F∂v kvXpXn-bmbn ]d-

b-p∂Xv icn-bm-bn-cn-°m-hp-∂-sX-ßs\?....... Xncp-ta\nbpsS Ime-

tijw Hcp ]hm-N-I-\p-≠m-Ip-∂-Xm-bm¬Xs∂ Xncp-ta\n

"JmØw' BsW-∂p-≈-Xn\v bmsXmcp Du\hpw hcp-∂-X-√ (X-

lvZo-dp-∂m-kv, `mKw 28).

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n°ptijw ico-A-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb \p_p-∆-

Øns‚ hmXn¬ amX-amWv AS-bv°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂pw

F∂m¬ ico-AØv IqSm-sX-bp≈ \_n hcm-sa∂pw ke-^o-

ß-fn¬ hen-sbmcp mKw kΩ-Xn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn ta¬ tN¿Ø

D≤m-c-W-ßƒ FX hy‡-am-bmWv sXfn-bn-°p-∂-sX∂v t\m

°p-I. CXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ an¿km akvl¿ Pm≥Pm-\m≥ kmln_v

Zlvehn XpSßnb a‰p ]e ]fin-X-ti-jvT≥amcpw ta¬]-

d™ Xc-Øn-ep≈ A`n-]mbw ]I-Sn-∏n-®n-´p-≠v. IqSmsX ck-

I-c-amb as‰mcp kwK-Xn, km¶¬]n-I-amb CPvam-Av hmZn-°p∂

C°q´¿Xs∂ Cukm-\_n BIm-i-Øp-\n∂v Cdßn hcp-sa∂v

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 315

hniz-kn-°p-∂p F∂-XmWv. At±lw ho≠pw Cdßn hcp-tºmƒ

\p_p-∆-Øn-s‚bpw cnkm-e-Øn-s‚bpw ÿm\-ßƒ At±-l-

Øn¬\n∂v ]nSn-s®-Sp-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn-s√∂pw ]p\-cm-K-a-\-Øn\p

tijhpw ]≠-sØ-t∏mse At±lw \_nbpw dkq-ep-am-bn-cn-

°p-sa∂pw apl-Ω-Znøm ico-A-Øns‚ A\p-km-cnbpw A√m-

lp-hn-s‚bpw dkq-en-s‚bpw I¬]-\-Iƒ°v hnt[-b-\p-am-bn-cn-

°p-sa∂pw hmZn-°p-∂p.

Ct∏mƒ Xß-fpsS CPvam-Av Fhn-sS-bm-sW∂v Cu Bfp-

Iƒ ]S-®-hs\ hnNm-cn®p Rßƒs°m∂p ImWn®p Xc-s´.

IjvSw! hmZ-am-sW-¶n¬ CPvam-C-t‚Xv! kz¥w hnizm-k-am-hs´

AXn-s\-Xncpw! A√m-lp-hns‚ ASn-bm-tc! \nßƒ GsXm-cm-

fpsS hc-hns\ cmhpw ]Iepw ImØn-cn-°p-∂pthm Abmƒ

A√m-lp-hns‚ \_nbpw dkq-ep-at√ F∂v hntZz-j-Øns‚

\ng¬ IÆn¬\n∂v \o°wsNbvXpsIm≠v ]cn-tim-[n-°p-I.

Cukm-\-_n-bpsS BK-a-\-Øm¬ "JØ-ap-∂p-_p-∆Øv' s]mfn-

bp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ em \-_nø _AvZn F∂pw A\ BJn--dp¬-

Aºn-bmC F∂p-ap≈ hN-\-ß-fpsS Bibw AtX-]Sn \ne-

\nev°p-sa-¶nepw \_n Xncp-ta-\nsb A\p-k-cn-®-Xns‚ ^e-

ambn lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)\v fn√n-bmb\ne-bn¬ \p_p-∆Øv

e`n-s®∂v ]d-™m¬ "JØ-ap-∂p-_p-∆Øv' F¥n\v s]mfn-bWw?

em \-_n-ø -_-AvZo F∂pw A\ BJn-dp¬ Aºn-bmC F∂p-

ap≈ hN-\-ß-fpsS Bi-b-Øn\v Fßs\ XI-cmdv ]‰pw?

Cu-km-\_n(A) \_n-(k)Xn-cp-ta-\n°v aptº \p_p-∆Øv

kºm-Zn®p Ign-™n-cp-∂p-sh∂pw AXp-sIm≠v At±-l-Øns‚

BK-a-\-Øm¬ JØ-ap-∂p-_p-∆-Øn\p tIm´-sam∂pw ]‰p-∂n-

s√∂pw ]t£, \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬ \n∂v Bsc-

¶nepw Ct∏mƒ \_n-bm-hp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ "JØ-ap-∂p-_p-∆Øv'

s]mfn-™p-t]m-Ip-sa∂pw ]d-bp-∂Xv _men-i-am-Wv. Fs¥-

∂m¬, ChnsS \p_p-∆Øv e`n-°p-∂Xv aptºm ]ntºm F∂-X-

√, \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n°p tijw GsX-¶nepw \_n hcmtam F∂-

XmWv ]iv\w. Cukm-\_n Cd-ßp-sa∂pw At±lw \_n-bm-

bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw \nßƒ hniz-kn-°p-∂p. htc≠ Bƒ hs∂∂pw

At±lw \_n-bm-sW∂pw Rßfpw hniz-kn-°p-∂p. AXn\m¬

\mw c≠pIq´cpw \_n Xncp-ta-\n°ptijw Hcp \_n-bpsS

316 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

BK-a-\-sØ-∏‰n hnizkn°p∂-h-cm-Wv. A°m-cy-Øn¬ A`n-

]mbhyXym-k-an-√. A`n-]m-b-hy-Xym-k-ap-≈Xv C°m-cy-Øn-

emWv: Xm≥ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS injy\pw Zmk-\p-am-sW∂pw

X\n°v e`n-®n- p-≈-sX√mw Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS al-Øz-Ønepw am¿§-

Øn-ep-am-sW-∂pw ]d-bp∂ Hcm-fpsS \p_p-∆-Øn-s\-bmWv

Rßƒ kΩ-Xn-®n-´p-≈-Xv. F∂m¬, \nß-fm-h-s´ Xncp-ta-\n-

bpsS \p_p-∆-Øp-ambn injy-_-‘-an-√m-sXbpw At±-l-Øns‚

bmsXmcp A\p-K-l-Øns‚bpw kv]¿i-an-√m-sXbpw kzX-¥-

ambn \p_p-∆Øv e`n® Hcm-fpsS BK-a-\-Øn-emWv hniz-kn-

°p-∂-Xv. \nß-fpsS hnizm-k-]-Im-c-ap≈ akolv Cd-ßp-I-bm¬

\nivN-b-ambpw JØ-ap-∂p-_p-∆Øv XI¿∂p-t]m-hp-Ibpw A\

BJn-dp¬ Aºn-bm-Av F∂pw em \-_nø _AvZo F∂p-

ap≈ hN-\-ßƒ Zp¿_-e-s∏-´p-t]m-hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv.

F∂m¬, lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)s‚ \p_p-∆Øv bmsXm-∂n-

s\bpw Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´n-√. t\sc-a-dn-®v, At±-l-Øns‚

\p_p-∆ØvsIm≠v \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS DXv°r-jvS-amb \p_p-

∆-Øns‚ ]Xm]w temIØv shfn-s∏Sp-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. B

]hm-N-I]`p-hns‚ injy-\p-t]mepw \p_p-∆Øv e`n-°m-sa-¶n¬

At±-l-Øns‚ ÿm\w FX-ta¬ D∂-X-a√!

]hm-N-I∑mcpw ico-AØpw

]pXn-sbmcp ico-AØv sIm≠phcp∂ BfmWv \_n

F∂pw ico-A-Øns‚ irwJe Ah-km-\n-®n-cn-°-bm¬ C\n

Hcp \_n hcn-I-bn-s√-∂p-ap-≈-XmWv \mem-a-Xmbn D∂-bn-°p∂

hmZw. F∂m¬ Cu hmZhpw ASn-ÿm-\-c-ln-Xhpw \nc¿∞-I-

hp-am-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬ \p_p-∆-tØm-Sp-IqSn ]pXnb ico-AØv

D≠m-bn-cn-°-W-sa-∂Xv AXym-h-iy-a-√. ico-AØv \evI-s∏-

SmØ H´-[nIw ]hm-N-I≥am¿ Ign™pt]mbn-´p-s≠∂v aX-N-

cn-X-Øn-te°v ItÆm-Sn-°p-∂XpsIm≠v a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-

bpw. A√m-lp-hns‚ ]°¬\n∂v Hcp ico-AØv Cd-ßn-bm¬

AXns\ Ah¿ Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Øp-Itbm AXn¬ am‰w hcp-Øp-

Itbm sNø-W-sa-¶n¬, Ahs‚ ZrjvSn-bn¬ a\p-jym-hÿ

Aß-s\-bp≈ Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Øepw am‰w hcp-Øepw Bh-iy-

s∏-Sp∂ ka-b-am-h-Ww. GXp-t]m-se-sb-∂m¬, tcmKm-hÿ

Bh-iy-s∏-´m-e-√msX hnZ-Kv≤-\mb Hcp sshZy≥ Xs‚ tcmKn-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 317

bpsS acp-∂n¬ am‰w hcp-Ø-I-bn-√. ]t£, acp-∂n¬ am‰w hcp-

Øp-I-bn-s√-¶nepw sshZy≥ B tcmKnsb t\m°n-s°m-≠n-cn-

°p-Ibpw Abm-fpsS ipiqj apX-emb Bh-iy-ß-fn¬ i≤

sNep-Øp-Ibpw sNtø-≠Xv Bh-iy-amWv. CXp-X-s∂-bmWv

B≤ym-flnI temI-Øn-s‚bpw ÿnXn. A√m-lp-hns‚ ]°¬

\n∂v Hcp ico-AØv acp-∂ns‚ Ipdn-s∏-∂-t]mse Cd-ßp-tºmƒ

B Ipdn-∏ns‚ Imew hfsc Zo¿Ln-®-Xm-bn-cn-°mw. AXm-bXv

ico-A-Øn¬ am‰w hcp-tØ-≠-Imew h∂n-s√∂v ]d-bmw.

F¶nepw A√mlp a\p-jys‚ B≤ym-fln-I-amb ta¬t\m-´-Øn-

\v km[m-c-Wbmbn sNdnb sNdnb tUmŒ¿amscbpw (B-≤ym-

flnI De-am-°-sfbpw kq^n-I-sf-bpw) Bh-iy-a-\p-k-cn®v h√-

t∏m-gp-sam° henb tUmŒ¿am-scbpw (\-_n-am-scbpw dkq¬am-

sc-bpw) Ab®psIm≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. DZm-l-c-W-ambn A√m

lp aqkm-\_n apJm-¥cw Xudm-Øm-Ip∂ ico-AØv Cd°n.

AXn-\p-tijw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS Imew hsc Hcp ico-A

Øpw Cd-°-s∏- n- n-√. F∂m¬, AXn-\n-S-bn¬ _\q-C-kvdm-bo-

en¬ At\Iw \_n-am¿ h∂p. Cukm-\-_nbpw Ah-cn¬ Hcm-

fm-Wv. Ah¿°m¿°pw ico-AØv \evI-s∏-ń-cp-∂n-√. aqkm-\-

_n-bpsS ico-A-Øns‚ tkh-\-Øn\pth≠n amX-amWv

Ah¿ Ab-°-s∏-ń-cp-∂-Xv.

Cukm-\-_n°v C©o¬ \evI-s∏-ń-cp-∂t√m F∂ kwi

bw ChnsS B¿°pw D≠m-tI-≠-Xn-√. Fs¥-∂m¬, C©o¬

Hcp ico-A-Øns‚ KŸ-a-√. C©oen¬ Cukm-\_n Xs∂

At±-l-Øns‚ injy∑m-tcmSv ]d-bp-∂Xv t\m°pI:-˛ imkvXn-

amcpw ]co-i∑mcpw tami-bpsS ]oT-Øn¬ Ccn-°p-∂p. BI-

bm¬, Ah¿ \nß-tfmSv ]d-bp-∂sXms°bpw ]am-Wn®p sNøp-

hn≥. ]t£, Ah-cpsS ]hr-Øn-Iƒt]mse sNø-cp-Xp-Xm-\pw.

Ah¿ ]d-bp-∂-X-√msX sNøp-∂n-√-t√m (a-Ømbn 23:1˛3).

ho≠pw ]d-bp∂p:˛ Rm≥ \ymb-]-am-W-sØtbm ]hm-

N-I∑m-sctbm \ot°-≠-Xn\p h∂p F∂v \ncq-]n-°-cpXv; \o°-

hm-\√ \nh¿Ø-n∏m-\sX Rm≥ h∂-Xv. kXy-am-bn´v Rm≥

\nß-tfmSv ]d-bp∂p: BIm-ihpw qanbpw Hgn-™p-t]mIpw hsc

kI-ehpw \nhr-Øn-bm-Ip-thmfw (ap-l-ΩZv \_n k.-A. Xncp-

ta-\n-bpsS Bhn¿`m-h-Øm¬ Hcp ]pXnb B≤ym-flnI BIm-

318 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

i-`q-an-Iƒ D≠m-Ip-∂Xphsc) \ymb-]-am-W-Øn¬\n∂v Hcp

h≈n-sb-¶nepw ]p≈n-sb-¶nepw Hcp \mfpw Hgn™pt]mI-bn-

√. (CXpw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS BK-a-\-sØ-bmWv kqNn-∏n-°p-

∂-Xv). BI-bm¬ Cu G‰hpw sNdnb I¬]-\-I-fn¬ H∂v Agn-

°p-Ibpw a\p-jysc Aßs\ ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h≥

kz¿§-cm-Py-Øn¬- G-‰hpw sNdn-b-h≥ F∂v hnfn-°-s∏Spw;

Ahsb BN-cn-°p-Ibpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-ht\m kz¿§-

cm-Py-Øn¬ hen-b-h≥ F∂v hnfn-°-s∏-Spw (a-Ømbn, 5:17-˛19).

Cukm-\_nsb∂p th≠, aqkm-\-_n°ptijw h∂

Ckvdm-bo¬ ]hm-N-I∑m-cn¬ BcpwXs∂ Hcp ]pXnb ico-

AØv sIm≠p h∂n-cp-∂n-s√∂pw Ah-sc√mw Xudm-Øns‚

tkh-\-Øn\pw _\q-C-kvdm-bo-ens‚ B≤y-fln-tIm-≤m-c-W-

Øn\pwth≠n amXw Ab-°-s∏- -h-cm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw Cu hmIy-

ß-fn¬ \n∂v \√-Xp-t]mse hy‡-am-Ip-∂p.

IqSm-sX, F√m ]hm-NI∑m¿°pw ]pXnb ico-AØv Cd-

tß-≠-Xn-s√∂pw ]e ]hm-N-I∑mcpw ]pXnb ico-A-Øn-√msX

Ab-°-s∏-´n-´p-s≠∂pw hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬\n∂v sXfn-bp-∂p-

≠v. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p.

aqkm-bv°p-tijw \mw ]hm-N-I∑msc Ab®psIm≠n-cp-

∂p (hn.-Jp. 2:88).

\mw Xudm-Øns\ Cd°n; AXn¬ am¿§-Z¿»-\hpw ]Im-

ihpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. B XudmØp aptJ\ ]hm-N-I≥am¿

blq-Z¿°v hn[n-I¬]n-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p (hn.-Jp. 5:45).

]pXnb ico-AØv \evI-s∏-SmØ FXtbm ]hm-N-I∑m¿

Ign™p t]mbn-´p-s≠∂v ta¬tN¿Ø Bb-Øp-I-fn¬ FX

hy‡hpw Jfin-X-hp-am-bn-´mWv hn[n I¬]n-®n-´p-≈Xv?

F∂m¬, IÆ-S-°p-∂-h¿°v Fßs\ ImWn®p sImSp-°m≥

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 319

km[n°pw? Npcp-°-Øn¬, F√m ]hm-N-I≥amcpw ]pXnb ico-

AØv sIm≠phtc-≠-Xn-s√-∂-Xn\v ssZh-Z-Ø-amb _p≤n, Ncn-

Xw, hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥ F∂o aq∂p ]am-W-ßfpw km£yw

hln-°p-∂p-≠v. Jp¿-B-t\m-Sp-IqSn ]pXnb ico-AØv Bh-iy-

an-√m--Xm-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v C\n ]pXn-sbmcp ]hm-N-I≥ hcp-

I-bn-s√∂v hmZn-°p-∂Xv hºn® A_-≤hpw ASn-ÿm-\-c-ln-

X-hp-am-Wv.

]pXnb ico-AØv sIm≠phcp-∂n-s√∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp∂ Nne

\_n-amsc]‰n Ah¿°v KŸw \evI-s∏-´n-cp-∂p-sh∂v hnip≤

Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂p-s≠∂pw Ah¿ ico-AØv sIm≠p h∂n-cp-

∂p-sh∂v AXn¬\n∂v sXfn-bp-∂p-s≠-∂p-ap≈ kwibw Nne¿

D∂-bn-°m-dp-≠v. F∂m¬, InXm_v F∂ ]Z-Øn\v ]pXnb ico-

AØv F∂v A¿∞-sa-Sp-°p-∂Xv hºn® A_-≤-am-sW∂v a\-

n-em-°-Ww. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ InXm_v F∂-Xns‚ A¿∞w

Hcp ]hm-N-I-\n¬, At±lw ico-A-Øp≈ \_n-bm-bn-cn-°-

s´, A√m-Xn-cn-°s´ Cd-ßp∂ ssZh-h-N-\-am-Wv. At±lw ico-

A-tØmSp IqSnb Hcp \_n-bm-sW-¶n¬ At±-l-Øn\v A√m-

lp-hns‚ ]°¬\n∂v e`n-°p∂ ico-AØv kw_-‘n-bmb

shfn-]m-Sp-Iƒ°m-bn-cn°pw KŸ-sa∂v ]d-bp-I. AYhm

At±lw ico-A-Øn-√mØ \_n-bm-sW-¶n¬ At±-l-Øn\v

A√m-lp-hns‚ ]°¬\n∂v ap_-»n-dmØpw ap≥Zn-dmØpw kw_-

‘n-bmbn e`n-°p∂ shfn-]m-SpIƒ°m-bn-cn°pw KŸ-sa∂v ]d-

bp-I. Cu Imc-W-Øm-emWv C©o¬ Hcp ico-A-Øns‚ KŸ-

a-√m-Xn-cp-∂n´pw hnip≤Jp¿-B≥ AXns\ KŸ-sa∂v ]d-™n-

´p-≈-Xv.

Cu kwi-b-Øn-\p≈ as‰mcp DØ-c-anXm-Wv. Nne ]hm-N-

I≥am¿ ]pXnb ico-AØv sIm≠p hcp-∂n-s√-¶nepw Ign™p

t]mb ico-A-Øns‚ A\p-km-cn-I-fm-bn-´mWv Ab-°-s∏-Sp-∂-

sX-¶nepw Hcp ]Im-c-Øn¬ Ahcpw ico-AØv sIm≠p h∂-

h-cm-sW∂v ]d-bm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬ ap≥i-co-A-Øns‚

⁄m\w P\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v ad™p t]mIp-tºm-gmWv B ico-

A-Øns\ temIØv ho≠pw ÿm]n-°m-\mbn ico-A-Øn-√mØ

]hm-N-I≥am¿ Fgp-t∂ev]n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. AXn-\m¬ Ah¿ Hcp

]pXnb ico-AØpw KŸhpw sIm≠p-h∂h-cm-sW∂v ]d-bm-

320 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

hp-∂-Xm-Wv. DZm-l-c-W-ambn Cukm-\_n Hcp ]pXnb ico-AØv

sIm≠p h∂n-√. F∂m¬, XudmØv B¥-cn-I-ambn _\q-C-kv

dm-bo-en¬ Db¿Ø-s∏-´p-t]m--bncp∂ Hcp Ime-ØmWv At±lw

h∂-sX∂ Imcy-Ønepw XudmØv ho≠pw At±-l-Øn-en-d-ßn-

b-Xp-t]mse At±lw AXns\ ]p\x-ÿm]n°m≥ ian-®p-sh∂

Imcy-Ønepw kwi-b-sa-¥p≠v? CXp-t]mse Xs∂ hnip≤

Jp¿-B≥ temIØp\n∂v Db¿Ø-s∏´p t]mIp∂ Hcp Imew

(a-kolv auDu-Zns‚ BK-a-\-Øn\p aptºbp≈ Imew) hcp-

sa∂v lZo-Ynepw ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-ń-´p-≠v. AXns‚ A¿∞w

Jp¿-B≥ temIØv D≠m-bn-cn-s°-Øs∂ AXv Db¿Ø-s∏´p

t]mIp-sa-∂m-Wv. AXm-bXv AXns‚ ]Z-ßƒ \ne-hn-ep-≠m-

bn-cn-°pw. ]t£, Poh≥ D≠m-bn-cn-°-bn-√. F∂m¬, akolv

auDuZv ho≠pw AXns\ temIØv ÿm]n °pw; At±-l-Øn¬

AXv ho≠pw Cd-ßn-b-Xp-t]m-se. Cu hymJym\]Imcw lZv

dØv AlvaZpw(A) ico-AØv sIm≠p h∂n-´p-s≠∂pw At±-

l-Øn\pw KŸw \evI-s∏-ń-´p-s≠∂pw ]d-bm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

]hm-N-I∑m¿ A\p-k-cn-°-s∏-tS-≠-h¿

]hm-N-I∑m-sc-∏‰n hnip≤Jp¿-B-\n¬ C]-Imcw ]kvXm-

hn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p:˛

A\p-k-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-\m-bn-´-√msX \mw Hcp ]hm-N-I-

s\bpw Ab-®n-ń-√ (hn.-Jp. 4:65).

]hm-N-I∑m-sc√mw A\p-k-cn-°-s∏-tS≠ t\Xm-°-fm-

sW∂v CXn¬\n∂v hy‡-am-Ip-∂p. F∂m¬, AXp-sIm≠v

as‰mcp dkq-ens‚ A\p-km-cn-bm-Ip∂ Hcmƒ ]hm-N-I-\m-Im≥

]mSn-s√∂v Bsc-¶nepw k¶¬]n-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv Nn¥m-

iq-\y-X-bpsS ê-am-bp-≠mb Hcp k¶¬]w amX-am-bn-cn-°pw.

Fs¥-∂m¬, dkq¬ GsXmcp P\-Øn-\p--th≠n Ab-°-s∏-ń-

cn-°p-∂pthm B P\w At±-lsØ A\p-k-cn-°p-Ibpw At±lw

]d-bp-∂Xp ]Imcw ]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNø-W-sa∂v amXta

]kvXpX hN-\-Øn¬ ]d-™n- p-≈q. B hN-\-tØmSv sXm´p≈

as‰mcp hN-\-Øn¬ A√mlp ]d-bp-∂Xv t\m°pI:˛

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 321

A√m-lphmsW! Cu P\-ßƒ Hcn-°epw Ah-cpsS hmZ-

Øn¬ kXy-hm∑m-cm-bn-cn-°-bn-√; Ah-cpsS F√m X¿°-ßfpw

Xo¿∏n-\p-th≠n \ns‚ ASp-°¬ sIm≠phcm-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw

\ns‚ hn[n Ah¿ kzoI-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xphsc

(hn.-Jp. 4:66).

dkq¬ GsXmcp P\-X-bpsS ASp-°-te°v Ab-°-s∏-Sp-

∂pthm B P\-X-sb-∏-‰n-bmWv ChnsS ]d-b-s∏-ń-´p-≈-sX∂

kwKXn hy‡-am-Wv. AXm-b-Xv, GsXmcp P\-ß-fn-te°v dkq¬

Ab-°-s∏-ń-cp-∂pthm Ah-sc√mw A\p-k-cn-t°≠ Bfm-bn-

cn°pw At±-l-sa-∂mWv ChnsS ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

At±lw as‰mcp dkq-ens‚ A\p-km-cn-bm-bn-cn-°m≥ ]mSn-s√∂v

CXn¬ \n∂v Fß-s\-bmWv A¿∞-am-Ip-∂Xv? hnip≤ Jp¿-

B≥ Xpd∂p t\m°p-I. aqkm-\_n Xs‚ ktlm-Z-c-\mb

lmdq≥ \_n-tbmSv A^ AkzbvX Awdo. \o Fs‚ I¬]\

ewLn-®pthm? (hn.-Jp. 20:94) F∂v tNmZn-®n-cp-∂nt√? lmdq≥\-

_n, aqkm-\-_n-bpsS Iogn-em-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v CXn¬\n∂v \√-

Xp-t]mse hy‡-am-Ip-∂p-≠v. lZvdØv lmdq-\m-hs´ A√m-lp-

hns‚ ]hm-N-I-\m-bn-cp-∂p-Xm-\pw. F∂m¬, At±lw aqkm-\-

_n-bpsS Iogn-em-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-sIm-≠mWv aqkm-\_n At±-

l-Øns‚ t\sc tIm]w ImWn-®Xpw I¬]\ ewLn-®-Xn-s\-

∏‰n kam-[m\w tNmZn-®-Xpw. CtX-]-ImcwXs∂ Hc-h-k-c-Øn¬

\_n(k)Xncp-ta\n ]d-™-Xmbn lZoYn¬ C]-Imcw tcJ-

s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p:˛

ÖçÒ^áÚç‰Foun&^ÖÛ^æ‰Ãäü]Ÿù]iùf^Âoaqkm-\_n Fs‚ ImeØv Pohn-®n-cn-∏p-≠m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬

A-t±-l-Øn\v Fs∂-Øp-S-cmsX \nhr-Øn-bp-≠m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂n-

√ (_p-Jm-cn).

Cu DZm-l-c-W-ß-fn¬\ns∂√mw a\- n-em-Ip-∂Xv Hcp ]hm-

322 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

N-I≥ as‰mcp ]hm-N-Is‚ Iogn¬ Bhm-sa-∂m-Wv. F∂m¬,

At±lw GsXmcp P\-Øn-\mbn Ab-°-s∏-ń-cp-°p-∂pthm B

P\-Øn\v hmPn-_p¬ CØm-A-Ømb Cam-am-bn-cn-°pw.

JØ-ap-∂p-_p-∆Øv kw_-‘n®v FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ D∂-bn-°p∂

hmZ-ßƒ°pw kwi-b-ßƒ°pw A-√m-lp-hns‚ Ir]-bm¬ CXn

\Iw adp-]Sn ]d-™p-I-gn-™n-cn-°p-∂p. C\n, AlvaZn-I-fmb

Rßƒ Rß-fpsS hnizm-k-Øn\v A\p-Iq-e-ambn kzoI-cn-®n´p

≈ sXfn-hp-Isf kw_-‘n®v Npcp-°-Øn¬ hnh-cn®p sIm≈mw.

ChnsS H∂m-a-Xmbn Hcp Imcyw a\- n-em-°-Ww. FXn-cm-

fn-I-fpsS hmZ-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn D∂-bn-®n- p≈ tcJ-Iƒ Ah-cpsS

hmZ-ßsf Jfin-°p-∂-tXm-Sp-IqSnØs∂ Rß-fpsS hnizm-

k-Øns‚ kXyw sXfn-bn-°p-∂p-ap-≠v. Ah c≠v mKhpw aq¿®-

bp≈ Ccp-Xe hmƒt]m-se-bm-Wv. Hcp `mKØv Ah FXn-cm-fn-

I-fpsS hmZsØ Jfin-°p-tºmƒ adp-`m-KØv Rß-fpsS hm

ZsØ ÿnc-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. \_n Xncp-ta-\n°p ti

jw \p_p-∆-Øns‚ IhmSw \nt»jw AS-°-s∏-ń-ń√ F∂pw

ico-A-Øns‚ \p_p-∆Øv amX-amWv Ah-km-\n-∏n-®n-´p-≈-

sX∂pw sXfn-bn-°m≥ apI-fn¬ \S-Ønb N¿® Xs∂ [mcmfw

aXn. Rß-fpsS hnizm-khpw AXm-Wv.

hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Cu Imcy-Øn¬ Rß-fpsS hnizm-ksØ

A\p-Iq-en-°p∂ sXfn-hp-Iƒ \evIm≥ Rßƒ _m[y-ÿ-tc-

b-√. Fs¥-∂m¬, Cu Imcy-Øn¬ Rßƒ hmZn-b√, ]Xn-hm-

Zn-bm-Wv. hmZn-bpsS \ne Rß-fpsS FXn-cm-fn-I-fp-tS-Xm-Ip-∂p.

Rß-fpsS hnizm-k-Øns‚ sXfn-hn\v temIm-cw`w apX¬t°

\p_p-∆-Øn-s‚bpw cnkm-e-Øn-s‚bpw irwJe XpS¿∂p

sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂XpXs∂ aXn-bmb tcJ-bm-Wv. B

irwJe A‰p-t]m-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v hmZn-°p-∂-h-cpsS IS-a-bm-

Wv, Ah-cpsS B hmZ-Øn\v sXfnhv \evtI-≠-Xv. Ah¿°-

ßs\ sNøm≥ km[n-°m-Xn-cn-°ptbm As√-¶n¬ Ah¿ D∂-

bn-°p∂ tcJ-Iƒ \ymb-hm-Z-Øm¬ Jfin-°p-Itbm sNøp-I-

bm-sW-¶n¬ \p_p-∆-Øns‚ irwJe XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-

bm-sW∂v hniz-kn-°p-I-b-√msX \nhr-Øn-bn-√. AXv XpS¿∂p

sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂-Xn-te°v Rßƒ sXfn-hp-Iƒ \evtI≠

Bh-iy-ta-bn-√. FXn-cm-fn-I-fpsS hnizm-k-Øn\v Jfi-\-ambn

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 323

apI-fn¬ hnh-cn-®n-´p≈ \ymb-ßƒ Xs∂ aXn, \p_p-∆-Øns‚

irwJe XpS¿∂psIm≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-sW∂v ÿm]n-X-am-Ip-hm≥.

F¶nepw kXym-t\z-jn-I-fpsS IqSp-X¬ kwXr-]vXn-°mbn hfsc

Npcp-ßnb \ne-bn¬ Nne Imcy-ßƒ IqSn ChnsS hnh-cn-°mw.

\p_p-∆Øv \ne-®n- n√

H∂ma-Xmbn \ap°v hnip≤Jp¿-B≥ ]cn-tim-[n-°mw. CXv

kw_-‘n®v JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂ Bb-Øns‚ N¿® apI-

fn¬ \S-Øn-°-gn-™n-´p-≠v. B hN\w \p_p-∆-Øns‚ IhmSw

AS-°p-I-b-√, adn®v G‰hpw hy‡-amb \nebn¬ ]Xn-Om-bm-

]-chpw A\p-[m-h-\-]-c-hp-amb \p_p-∆-Øns‚ IhmSw Xpd-∂p-

sh-°p-I-bmWv sNbvXn- p-≈-Xv. AXn\pw ]pdsa A√mlp kqdx

^mØn-l-bn¬ Cusbmcp ]m¿∞\ ]Tn-∏n®pXcp-∂-Xmbn \mw

ImWp∂p:˛

Rß-fpsS ssZh-ta, \o Rßsf t\cmbam¿§-Øn¬ \bn-

®m-epw. \o A\p-Klw sNbvX-h-cpsS am¿§-Øn¬ (hn.-Jp.1:6,7).

Xm≥ A\p-Klw sNbvX-h-cpsS Iq´-Øn¬ Xß-sfbpw

Dƒs∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn\pth≠n Xt∂mSv ]m¿∞n-°p-hm-\mWv

A√mlp ChnsS apk¬am≥am¿°v \n¿t±iw \evIp-∂-Xv. C\n

\ap°v t\m°m-\p-≈Xv A√mlp A\p-Klw sNbvX Iq´¿ Bcm-

sW∂pw Ah¿°v A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v e`n® A\p-K-l-ßƒ

Fs¥-√m-am-sW-∂p-am-Ip-∂p. CXn-\p-th≠n hfsc A[nIw

Nn¥n®p hnj-an-t°-≠-Xn-√. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬ Xs‚ A\p-

K-l-Øn\v ]mX-am-b-h¿ Bsc-√m-am-sW∂v A√mlp hnip≤

Jp¿-B-\n¬ hnh-cn®p X∂n-´p-≠v. A√mlp ]d-bp-I-bmWv:˛

324 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

h√hcpw A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw Cu ssZh-Zq-X-s\bpw A\p-

k-cn-°p-∂-Xm-bm¬, Ah¿ A√mlp A\p-K-ln-®n-´p≈ ]hm-

N-I≥am¿(-\-_n-am¿), kXym-flm-°ƒ (kn-±o-Jp-Iƒ), c‡-km-

£n-Iƒ (ip-l-Zm-°ƒ), kZzr-Ø≥am¿(-kzm-en-lp-Iƒ) F∂n-h-

cpsS Iq´-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv. G‰hpw \√ Iq´p-Im-cX

Ah¿ (hn.-Jp. 4:70).

A\p-K-r-lo-X-cmb P\-ßƒ F∂-Xp-sIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏-

´Xv \_n, kn±o-Jv, ilo-Zv, kzmenlv F∂n-h-cm-sW∂v Cu

hmIy-Øn¬ A√mlp Xn´-s∏-Sp-Øn-°m-Wn®p X∂n-cn-°p-∂p.

AXm-bXv B≤ym-fln-I-amb A\p-K-l-Øn\v \mev ]Z-hn-Iƒ

\n›-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. H∂m-aXv \p_p-∆-Øv, AXm-bXv A√m-lp-

hn¬\n∂v A[n-I-amb `mj-Whpw \_n-sb∂ ÿm\-t∏cpw

e`n®psIm≠v P\-ß-fpsS kap-≤m-c-W-Øn-\mbn Fgp-t∂ev]n-

°-s∏-Sp-I. c≠m-aXv kn±o-Jn-øØv. AXm-bXv a\p-jy≥ Xs‚

hm°psIm≠pw ]hr-Øn-sIm≠pw kXy-Øns‚ ]Xo-I-am-hp-

Ibpw A√m-lp-hns‚ dkq-en¬ ebn-°p∂ ]Z-hn-bn¬ FØp-

Ibpw sNøp-amdv A√m-lp-hn-s‚bpw dkq-en-s‚bpw I¬]-\-Isf

A\p-k-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ ]cn-]q¿Æ-amb amXrI ImWn-°p-I. aq∂m-

aXv ilm-Z-Øv AXm-bXv a\p-jys‚ AkvXnXzw aX-Øns‚

kXy-Øn\v aq¿Øn-a-Øm-sbmcp km£n-bm-Ip-amdv aX-am¿§-

Øn¬ Xs‚ Poh≥ _en-b¿∏n-°pI. \mem-aXv kzmen-ln-ø-

Øv. AXm-bXv aX-]-c-amb PohnXw \bn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n X∂-

Øm≥ ]mI-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw Xs‚ ]hr-Øn-Isf aX-Øn-\-\p-k-

c-W-am-°m≥ ian-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I. B≤ym-fln-I-amb A\p-K-

l-Øn-s‚bpw ssZh-km-ao-]y-Øn-s‚bpw G‰hpw Xmgv∂ ]Zhn

a\p-jy≥ kzmen-lm-hp-I-sb-∂-Xm-Wv. AXn-\p-ta-se-bp-≈Xv

ilo-Zn-s‚bpw AXn-\p-ta-se-bp-≈Xv kn±o-Jns‚bpw AXn-\p-

ta-se-bp-≈Xpw Ah-km-\-tØXpw \_n-bpsSbpw ]Z-hn-bm-Ip-

∂p. Cu \mev ]Z-hn-Iƒ°p-≈nepw hnhn-[-ß-fmb Xc-ß-fp-

≠v. Fs¥-∂m¬ F√m kzmen-lp-amcpw Htc Xc-Øn-e-√. AXp-

t]m-se-Øs∂ F√m ilo-Zp-amcpw F√m kn±o-Jp-amcpw F√m

\_n-amcpw Htc-X-c-Øn-e-√. A√mlp ]d-bp-∂Xv i≤n-°pI:˛

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 325

ssZh-Zq-X≥am-cn¬ Nnesc a‰p Nne-sc-°mƒ \mw tijvT-

cm-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p (hn-.Jp. 2:254).

]t£, ÿqe-amb XcwXn-cn-°-en-\mbn A√mlp ta¬]-

d™ \mev ]Z-hn-Iƒ \n›-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Npcp-°-Øn¬ Ign-

™p-t]mb P\-ßƒ°v Xs‚ `mKØp \n∂v D≠m-bn-s°m-≠n-

cp∂ B A\p-K-l-ßƒ°mbn Xt∂mSv Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-hm≥ Hcp

`mKØv A√mlp apk¬am≥am¿°v ^mØn-l-bn¬ Cu ZpB

]Tn-∏n®p sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p. adp-`m-KØv B A\p-K-l-ßƒ

sIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏- n- p-≈Xv \p_p-∆-Øv, kn±o-Jo-ø-Øv, ilm-

Z-Øv, kzmen-ln-øØv F∂o ]Z-hn-Iƒ e`n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n

\mw ZpB sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°-W-sa∂pw \ΩpsS B≤ym-fln-

Im-`n-hr-≤n-bpsS ]c-a-e-£ysØ \mw XmgvØn-°-f-b-cp-sX-∂p-

amWv A√m-lp-hns‚ \n¿t±-iw. apl-Ω-Znøm DΩ-Øn¬ \p_p-

∆-Øns‚ irwJe XpS¿∂psIm≠n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v CXn¬\n∂v

\√-Xp-t]mse hy‡-am-Ip-∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬, Cu DΩ-Øn\v \p_p-

∆-Øm-Ip∂ A\p-K-l-Øns‚ hmXn¬ AS-bv°s∏-´n-cn-°p-I-

bm-sW-¶n¬ B A\p-K-l-am-h-iy-s∏´psIm≠p≈ ZpB A

√mlp \ap°v Hcn-°epw ]Tn-∏n®v Xcp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. A√mlp

Cu ZpB ]Tn-∏n®pX∂-Xn¬ \n∂pXs∂ hy‡-am-Ip-∂p-≠v.

P\-ßƒ Ah-t\mSv Cu A\p-K-l-ßƒ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-Ibpw X∂-

Øm≥ AXn\v A¿l-X-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp∂ ]£w Ah¿°v

bYm-tbmKyw Cu A\p-K-l-ßƒ Ah≥ \evIp-∂-Xm-sW∂pw

Aß-s\-b-√m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ (\-Du-Zp-_n-√mlv), Hcp `mKØv \p

_p-∆Øv Dƒs∏sS aptºbp≈ P\-ßƒ°v \evI-s∏´ F√m

A\p-K-l-ßfpw Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp ZpB A√mlp ]Tn-∏n

®pXcnIbpw adp- m-KØv \p_p-∆-Øns‚ hmXn¬ AS®psIm≠v

\p_p-∆ØmIp∂ A\p-Klw C\n-bm¿°pw \evIp-I-bn-s√∂v

Ah≥ Xo¿®-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v hniz-kn-

t°≠nhcpw. CØcw \nIr-jvS-amb ]hrØn k¬kz-`m-h-Øn

s‚ XmW-]-Sn-bn-ep≈ Hcmƒt]mepw an°-hmdpw sNøp-I-bn-√.

Hcp mKØv Hcp Jo-dn-t\mSv C∂ km[\w \o Ft∂mSv tNm

Zn-°pI F∂v ]d-bp-Ibpw adp- m-KØv B km[\w Rm≥ \n\°v

Xcn-I-bn√ F∂v I¬]n-°p-Ibpw Aßs\ sNøp-∂-h-t\mSv

tl, a\pjym! \o B km[\w sImSp-°m≥ Hcp-°-an-√m-bn-cp-

326 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

s∂-¶n¬ km[p-hmb Jo-dnt\mSv AXv tNmZn-°m≥ ]d-tb≠

Bh-iy-sa-¥m-bn-cp-∂p? F∂v Bsc-¶nepw tNmZn-°p-I-bn-√tbm?

IjvSw! Rß-fpsS FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ \ne a\- n-

em-°n-bn-√. "Ip≥' Fs∂mcp hm°p-sIm≠v Cu ]]©w apgp-

h\pw krjvSn-°p-Ibpw Hcn-°epw Adp-Xn-h-cm-Ø JP-\m-hns‚

A[n-Im-cn-bm-bn-cn-°pIbpw sNøp∂ cmPm-[n-cmP-\mb A√mlp

\ap-s°mcp ]m¿∞\ ]Tn-∏n®pXcn-I. F∂n´v Ah≥Xs∂

C∂n∂ km[-\-ßƒ Ah-t\mSv Bh-iy-s∏-Sm≥ \tΩmSv ]d-

bp-I. Cu ÿnXn-bn¬ Bsc-¶nepw B km[\w Ah-t\mSv

Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-Ibpw AXv kzoI-cn-°m≥ tbmKy-\m-°p-Ibpw sNøp-

I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ah≥ B km[\w Abmƒ°v sImSp-°m-Xn-cn-

°ptam? tNmZn-°p-∂-h≥ B A\p-K-l-e-_v[n°v tbmKy-a-√m-

Xn-cn-°p-Itbm A°m-c-W-Øm¬ Ahs‚ Bhiyw \nc-kn-°-

s∏-Sp-Itbm sNøp-∂Xv thsd Imcy-am-Wv. F∂m¬, ]S®-hs\

hnNm-cn®v B A\p-K-l-Øns‚ hmXn¬ AS-™p-t]m-sb∂v

\nßƒ hnNm-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°-Ww. B A\p-K-l-am-h-s´, Xt∂mSv

tNmZn-°p-hm≥ A√mlp D]-tZiw \evIn-bn-´p-≈-Xp-am-Wv.

Npcp-°-Øn¬ Hcp `mKØv A√mlp kqdx- ^m-Øn-l-bn¬,

F∂ ZpB ]Tn-∏n®p Xcn-Ibpw adp-`m-KØv

Asselnw F∂-Xns‚ hymJym-\-ambn AXp-sIm-≠p-t±-in-

°-s∏-´Xv kzmen-lv, ilo-Zv, kn±o-Jv, \_n F∂o A\p-K-ß-

fm-sW∂v hy‡-am-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv, \p_p-∆-Øm-

Ip∂ A\p-Klw Cu DΩ-Øn\v \ntj-[n-°-s∏-´n-´n-s√∂pw

t\sc adn®v Ct∏mgpw XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°-bm-sW∂pw

taenepw XpS¿∂p sIm≠n-cn-°p-sa-∂p-≈-Xn\v ]Xy-£-am-sbmcp

sXfn-hm-Wv.

\p_p-∆Øv XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°-bm-sW-∂-Xn\v hnip≤

Jp¿-B-\n¬\n∂v e`n-°p∂ as‰mcp sXfnhv Xmsg tN¿°p∂

Bb-Øm-Wv. A√mlp ]d-bp-I-bmWv:˛

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 327

BZw k¥-Xn-I-tf, Fs‚ ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ \nßƒ°v hnh-

cn®pXcp∂ \nß-fn¬\n∂p≈ dkq¬am¿ \nß-fpsS ASp-°¬

hcp-∂-Xm-bm¬ B¿ kq£vaX ssIs°m-≈p-Ibpw kzbw \∂m-

°n-Øo¿°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂pthm Ah¿°v bmsXm∂p sIm≠pw

`b-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√. Ah¿ ZpxJn-°p-I-bp-an-√ (hn.Jp. 7:36).

Cu hN-\-Øns‚ ]q¿∆m-]-c-`m-K-ß-fn-te°v ItÆm-Sn-°p-

I-bm-sW-¶n¬, Cu hN-\-Øn¬ ]d™ BZw k¥m-\-ßƒ

F∂XpsIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS

ImeØpw AXn-\p-ti-j-hp-ap≈ P\-ß-fm-sW∂v a\- n-em-°m≥

Ign-bpw. A√tbm P\-ßtf, Fs‚ Bb-Øp-Iƒ \nßƒ°v

hnh-cn®pXcp-∂-Xn-\mbn Fs‚ dkq¬ \nß-fpsS ASp-°¬ hcn-

I-bm-sW-¶n¬ \nßƒ XJvhm ssIs°m-≈p-Ibpw B dkq-

ens\ hniz-kn-®p-sIm≠v X∂-Øm≥ \∂m-°p-Ibpw sNøWw

F∂v \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n apJm-¥cw A√mlp P\-ßƒ°v DZvt_m-

[\w \evIp-∂p. Cu hN-\-Øn¬ \p_p-∆Øv XpS¿∂vsIm≠n-

cn-°p-I-bm-sW∂v FX hy‡-am-bmWv ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-ń-cn-

°p-∂sX∂v hmb-\-°m¿ \oXn-tbm-Sp-IqSn Nn¥n®pt\m°-s´.

`mhn-bn¬ Ft∏m-sg¶nepw A√m-lp-hns‚ dkq¬ \Ωn¬\n∂p

Xs∂ \ap-°mbn Ab-°-s∏-Sp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ \mw At±-lsØ

hniz-kn-®p-sIm≠v Bfl-ip≤n hcp-Øp-Ibpw sNø-W-sa∂pw

Aßs\ sNøp-∂Xv \ΩpsS òXnbpw ZpxJhpw AI-‰m≥ Imc-

W-am-hp-sa∂pw BWv \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS hnip-≤-\m-hn¬°qSn

A√mlp \tΩmSv ]d-bp-∂-Xv. ChnsS òXn-bn¬\n∂pw ZpxJ-

Øn¬\n∂pw c£ t\Sp-sa∂ hm°v D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏ń-´p-≈-Xv

hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ dkq¬ apk¬am∑m-cn¬ òXnbpw ZpxJhpw

k¿∆X hym]n-®n-cn-°p∂ Hcp Ime-ØmWv hcn-I-sb-∂pw- B

dkq-ens\ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-cn¬\n∂v ]kvXpX oXnbpw ZpxJhpw

FSpØp am‰-s∏Spw F∂pw kqNn-∏n-°p-hm-\m-Wv.

AXpt]m-se-Xs∂ Bb-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p≈ dpkp-

ep≥ F∂ _lp-h-N\ ]Zw BbØv F∂

as‰mcp Bb-Øns‚ kmcw-i-sØ-∏-‰n-bp-≈ kqN-\-bm-sW∂v

328 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

tXm∂p-∂p. AXm-bXv Ah-km-\-Im-eØv F√m dkq¬amcpw

(_p-dq-kn-bmb \ne-bn¬ Hcp hy‡n-bn¬) Hcp-an®p Iq´-s∏-Sp-

∂-Xm-Wv (hn.-Jp. 77:12). _pdq-kn-bmbn hcp∂ B hy‡n akolv

auDu-Zm-Wv. Aß-s\, Nn¥m-hn-j-b-amb Bb-Øn¬ dpkp-ep≥

F∂ _lp-h-N\w D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v H∂n-e-[nIw dkq¬

F∂pw akolv auDuZv amX-sa∂pw A¿∞-am-°m-hp∂XmWv.

F√m dkq¬am-cp-sSbpw _pdqkv (]-Xn-cq-]w) F∂ \ne-bn¬

At±lw B dkq¬am-cp-sS-sb√mw ]Xn-\n-[n-bmWv. Cu Bb-

Øn¬ an≥Ipw F∂ ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p-≈-Xv akolv auDuZv

as‰mcp DΩ-Øn¬\n∂v hcp-sa∂v apk¬am∑m¿ ]Xo-£n®p

sIm≠n-cn-°p∂ Ime-Øm-bn-cn°pw At±lw hcp-I-sb∂pw

F∂m¬, At±lw hcp-∂Xv Ah-cn¬ \n∂p-Xs∂ Bbn-cn-°p-

sa∂pw kqNn-∏n-°m≥ th≠n-bn-´p-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. AXp-sIm-≠mWv

At±lw \nß-fn¬ \n∂v hcp-tºmƒ At±-lsØ \ntj-[n-°-

cp-sX∂v ]d-b-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Npcp-°-Øn¬ Cu BbØv

s]mXp-hn-ep-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂mepw icn, akolv auDu-Zns‚ BK-

a\w kw_-‘n®v ]tXy-In-®p-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂mepw icn apl-Ω-

Znøm DΩ-Øn¬ \p_p-∆-Øns‚ IhmSw AS-bv°-s∏- n- n-s√∂pw

adn®v apkvenwIƒ°v A√m-lp-hns‚ ASp-°¬ \n∂v dkq¬

Ab-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂ ]Xymi \evIp-I-bmWv sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-

sX∂pw A√mlp G‰hpw hy‡-amb \ne-bn¬ hn[n-sb-gp-Xn-

bn-´p-s≠∂ Imcy-Øn¬ kwi-b-an-√.

\p_p-∆Øv \ne-®nńs√∂Xn\v lZoYv

C\n \ap°v lZoYp-Iƒ ]cn-tim-[n-°mw. CXv kw_-‘n-

®p≈ Nne lZo-Yp-I-fpsS N¿® apI-fn¬ \S∂pIgn-™n-cn-°p-

∂p. AXn\pw ]pdsa apl-Ω-Znøm DΩ-Øn¬ \p_p-∆-Øns‚

IhmSw AS-bv°-s∏-ń-ń-s√∂pw t\sc adn®v Xpd∂p InS-°p-I-

bm-sW∂pw hy‡-ambn sXfn-bn-°p∂ c≠v lZo-Yp-IƒIqSn

ChnsS D∂-bn®p sIm≈p-∂p. Xs‚ aI≥ C_vdmlow \ncym-

X-\mb ka-bØv \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n C]-Imcw ]d-™-Xmbn lZo-

Yn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p:

ÖçÂ^]e†]ânÜÖÓ^á‘‚mÏ÷^Þùfn&^

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 329

Fs‚ aI≥ C_vdmlow Pohn-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ \n›-b-

ambpw kn±o-Jmb \_n BIp-am-bn-cp-∂p (C_v\p-amP).

Cu lZo-Yns‚ A¿∞-Øn¬ bmsXmcphn[-amb kwi-b-

Øn\pw CS-an-√. ]Z-ßfpw Dt±-iyhpw hy‡-am-Wv. AXm-b-Xv,

A√m-lp-hns‚ hn[n-bm¬ ac-W-s∏-´p-t]mb Xs‚ aI≥ acn-

°msX Pohn-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ \_n-bm-Ip-am-bn-cp∂p F∂mWv

\_n-Xn-cp-ta\n ]d-bp-∂-Xv. B Ip´n-bn¬ \_n-bm-Im-\p≈ KpW-

hn-ti-j-ßƒ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂-√, t\sc-a-dn®v B Ip´n Pohn-

®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n-¬ \_n BIp-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂mWv \_n Xncp-

ta\n ]d-™-Xv. Cu lZo-Yn\v c≠phn[-Øn-ep≈ A¿∞ta

k¶¬]n-°m≥ \nhr-Øn-bp-≈q. AXm-b-Xv, H∂p-In¬ \_n-Xn-

cp-ta-\n-bpsS aI≥ C_vdmlow Pohn-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Xo¿®-

bmbpw \p_p-∆-Øns‚ ]Zhn ]m]n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw ]t£,

\p_p-∆-Øns‚ hmXn¬ AS-bv°-s∏´pt]mbXpsIm≠v A√mlp

At±-lsØ acn-∏n-®p-sh∂pw A¿∞-sa-Sp-°-Ww. As√-¶n¬

\p_p-∆-Øns‚ hmXn¬ Xpd∂pInS-°p-I-bm-sW∂pw C_vdmlow

Pohn-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ \_n-bm-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw A¿∞-sa-

Sp-°-Ww. Cu c≠-√msX as‰mcp am¿§-tabn-√. H∂p-In¬ \p_p-

∆-Øns‚ IhmSw Xpd∂p InS-°p-I-bm-sW∂v kΩ-Xn-°-Ww.

As√-¶n¬ AXv AS-bv°-s∏´p t]mbn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw \_n-

bm-Im-Xn-cn-°m-\mWv A√mlp C_vdm-lo-ans\ acn-∏n-®-sX∂pw

kΩ-Xn-°-Ww. as‰mcphn[-Øn¬ ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, \p_p-

∆-Øns‚ IhmSw Xpd-∂-Xm-sW∂v kΩ-Xn-°m-Ø-]-£w, \p_p-

∆-Øns‚ AS-°-s∏´ hmXn¬ \_n-bm-bn-s°m≠v C_vdmlow

Xpd-∂p-I-f-bp-sa∂v Icp-Xp-I-bm¬ A√mlp At±-lsØ sNdp-

∏-Øn¬Xs∂ acn-∏n-®-Xm-sW∂v kΩ-Xn-t°≠n hcpw. ]t£,

Cu ]d-™-Xns‚ A¿∞w C_vdm-lo-ans‚ P\-\-k-a-b-Øv, B

inip hf¿∂m¬ \_n-bm-bn-Øo-cp-sa∂ Imcyw A√m-lp-hn\v

Adn-™p-Iq-Sm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw AXn-\m¬ At±-lsØ krjvSn-

®-Xn¬ Ah\v sX‰p ]‰n-t∏m-sb∂pw F∂m¬, At±lw P\n-

®-Xn-\p-tijw Ah≥ B Imcyw a\- n-em-°n-sb∂pw X∂n-

anØw Ah≥ DS-\Sn At±-lsØ acn-∏n®psh∂pw BIp-∂p.

Cu c≠v A¿∞-Øn¬ GXmWv icn-sb∂pw kzoIm-cy-tbm-Ky-

sa∂pw Ct∏mƒ hmb-\-°m¿ Xs∂ Btem-Nn®p t\m°-s´.

330 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

Rß-fpsS A`n-]m-b-Øn¬ \p_p-∆-Øns‚ hmXn¬ AS-°-

s∏- n- n-s√∂pw t\sc-a-dn®v Xpd∂p InS-°p-I-bm-sW∂pw ta¬]-

d™ lZoYv Dss®kvXcw hnfn-t®m-Xp-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv.

CXn\pw ]pd-sa, Cu lZoYv JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂ Bb-

Øn≥taepw th≠n-S-tØmfw shfn®w hoip-∂p. JmØ-ap-∂-

_n-øo≥ F∂ BbØv Cdßn GXm\pw sIm√-ßƒ Ign-™-

Xn-\p-ti-j-amWv C_vdm-lo-ans‚ ac-W-ap≠m-bXv F∂ Imcyw

Ckvemans‚ Ncn-X-hp-ambn _‘-ap≈ GsXm-cmƒ°pw Adn-

bm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂ BbØv lnPvd: 5¬

BWv Cd-ßn-b-sX-¶n¬ C_vdmlow acn-®Xv lnPvd: 9¬ BIp-∂p.

AXn-\m¬, JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂ BbØv Cd-ßn-°-

gn™ncn-s°-Ø-s∂, C_vdmlow Pohn-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ \_n-

bm-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n ]d-™Xv X\n-°p-tijw

\p_p-∆Øv \nt»jw \ne-®p-t]m-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂ A¿∞-a√

JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂-Xn\v Xncp-ta\n kzoI-cn-®n-cp-∂Xv F∂-

Xn\v A\n-tj-[y-am-sbmcp sXfn-hm-Wv.

\p_p-∆-Øns‚ hmXn¬ Xpd∂p InS-°p-I-bm-sW-∂-Xn\v

lZo-Yn¬\n∂v e`n-°p∂ c≠m-asØ tcJ Cu DΩ-Øn\v

hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏-´n-´p≈ ako-ln-s\-°p-dn®v \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n

\_n-bp-√mlv (A-√m-lp-hns‚ \_n) F∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p-

sh-∂m-Wv. Aßs\ Hcp ]mh-iy-a-√, ]e ]mhiyw \_n

Xncp-ta\n akolv auDu-Zn-s\-∏‰n B t]¿ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p-≠v.

t\m°p-I, kzlolv apkvenan¬ \hm-kv _n≥ kwB≥ cnhm-

bØv sNbvXn-´p≈ Hcp lZoYn¬ akolv auDu-Zns\ kw_-

‘n®v \mep-]m-hiyw Xncp-ta\n \_n-bp-√mlv F∂v D]-tbm-

Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Xncp-ta\n ]d-bp-∂Xv t\m°pI:˛

!!!!!!!!!! m†ÆgÞfo]Ö×#äÂnŠFo !!!!!!!!!! mv’çÞfo]Ö×#äÂnŠFo

!!!!!!!!! m†ÆgÞfo]Ö×#äÂnŠFo !!!!!!!!!! mãfþ³þ³¼Þfo]Ö×#äÂnŠFohcm-\n-cn-°p∂ ako-lns\ \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n Xs‚ kz¥w

\mhp-sIm≠v \_n-bp-√mlv F∂v kw⁄ sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p-

sh-∂-Xn\v kwi-bm-Xo-X-am-sbmcp sXfn-hm-Wn-Xv. kwi-b-Øn\v

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 331

CS-an-√m-Xn-cn-°m-\mbn Htc lZo-Yn¬ B kw⁄ \mep-]m-

hiyw Xncp-ta\n Bh¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p (ap-kvenw,

_m_v ZnIvdp-Z-÷m¬). Cu lZo-Yn¬\n∂v c≠v Imcy-ß-fmWv

hy‡-am-Ip-∂Xv˛ 1. \_n Xncp-ta-\n°ptijw \_n D≠m-Imw.

2. akolv auDuZv A√m-lp-hns‚ \_n-bm-Wv.

CXp-t]m-se-Øs∂ _pJm-cn-bnse Hcp lZo-Yn¬ Xncp-ta\n

]d-bp-I-bmWv:˛

]Þ^]æÖo]Ößùþ³þ³þ³þ³þ³^Œe^eàÚ†mÜæ]ŸÞfn«ð

]æŸÂ¡ùlÖn‹enßoæenßäüÞfo'Rm≥ a‰p-≈-h-tc-°mƒ C_v\p-a¿b-ap-ambn G‰hpw _‘-

ap-≈-h-\m-Wv. amXm-°ƒ hyXy-kvX-sc-¶nepw \_n-am¿ bYm¿∞-

Øn¬ Htc ]nXm-hns‚ k¥m-\-ß-fm-Wv. F\n°pw At±-l-

Øn-\p-an-S-bn¬ Hcp \_n-bp-an-√ (_p-Jm-cn, _m_v hZv°p¿ n¬

InXm_n a¿bw).

ho≠pw A_q-Zm-hq-Zns‚ Hcp lZo-Yn¬ ]d-bp-I-bmWv:

Ön‹enßoæenßäüÞfoæ]ÞùäÞ^‡ÙºÊ^ƒ]…œmjÛçåÊ^Â†ÊçåöF\n°pw At±-l-Øn-\p-an-S-bn¬ Hcp \_n-bp-an-√. At±lw

Ah-X-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. At±-l-Øns\ Is≠-Øn-bm¬ \nßƒ

Xncn-®-dn-b-Ww (A_q-Zm-hqZv InXm-_p¬ aemlnw).

t\m°p-I, Cu lZo-Ynepw hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ ako-lns\ \_n

Xncp-ta\n, "\_n' F∂ kw⁄ sIm≠mWv A\p-kva-cn-®n-´p-

≈-Xv. Fs¥-∂m¬ F√m \_n-amcpw At\ym\yw ss]XrI

ktlm-Z-c≥am-cm-sW-¶nepw akolv auDu-Zp-ambn G‰-hp-a-[nIw

_‘-ap-≈Xv X\n-°m-sW∂v \_n Xncp-ta\n ]d-bp-∂p. Xncp-

ta-\n-bpsS ]°¬ akolv auDuZv \_n-am-cpsS Iq -Øn¬ s]´

Bfm-sW∂v CXn¬\n∂v \√-Xp-t]mse hy‡-am-Ip-∂p-≠v.

IqSmsX Cu lZo-Yn¬ X\n°pw akolv auDu-Zn-\p-an-S-bn¬

Hcp \_n-bp-an-s√∂pw Xncp-ta\n hy‡-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

Ign™pt]mb ako-ln¬\n∂v hyXym-k-s∏-Sp-Øm-\mbn ChnsS

Xm\p-t±-in-°p-∂-Xv, `mhn-bn¬ hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ ako-lm-sW∂v

332 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

Xncp-ta\n hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. Cu hN-\-

Øns‚ hy‡-amb A¿∞hpw akolv auDuZv A√m-lp-hns‚

\_n-bm-sW∂p Xs∂-bm-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬, X\n°pw akolv

auDu-Zn-\p-an-S-bn¬ Hcp \_n-bp-an-s√-∂mWv Xncp-ta\n ]d-™n-

´p-≈-Xv. Cu hm°n\v kzm`m-hn-I-am-bn-Øs∂ akolv auDuZv

\_n-bm-sW∂v A¿∞w kn≤n-°p-∂p.

CXn\pw ]pdsa C∂-lq \m-kn-ep≥ F∂ ]Z-ßƒ D]-

tbm-Kn®p sIm≠v \_nXn-cp-ta\n Cukv_v\p-a¿bw Bcm-sW∂v

Xn -s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw AXp-sIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏- Xv Ign-™p-t]mb

_\q-C-kvdm-bo-ense ako-l-s√∂pw t\sc-a-dn®v apl-Ω-Znøm

DΩ-Øn¬ Ah-km-\-Im-eØv hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ ako-lm-sW∂pw

hn[n I¬]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. Cu lZo-Yn-s‚ BZy-

`m-K-Øn¬ ako-lns\ kw_-‘n®v ]d-™n-´p≈ I¿Ø-hyhpw

ChnsS Dt±-in-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv Ign-™p-t]mb ako-l-s√∂pw

t\sc-a-dn®v hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ ako-lm-sW∂pw hy‡-am-Ip-∂p-≠v.

Fs¥-∂m¬ ChnsS ako-lns‚ I¿Ø-hy-hp-ambn Ipcnip apdn-

°p-I, Z÷m-ens\ sIm√pI apX-em-bh hnh-cn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-

∂p. Ah Ah-km-\-Im-eØv shfn-s∏-Sp∂ ako-lns\ kw_-

‘n-®-Xm-sW∂v kΩ-Xn-°-s∏-´-Xm-Wv. AXn-\m¬ apl-ΩZnøm

DΩ-Øn¬ \p_p-∆-Øns‚ hmXn¬ Xpd-∂n-cn-°p-I-bm-sW∂v

amX-a√ hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ akolv A√m-lp-hns‚ Hcp \_n-

bm-sW∂p IqSn sXfn-™n-cn-°p-∂p. IjvSw! Rß-fpsS FXn-

cm-fn-Iƒ em \-_nø _AvZo F∂ lZoYv Hm¿Ω-sh-°p-

Ibpw akolv auDu-Zn-s\-∏‰n kv]jvS-ambn \_n-bm-sW∂v ]d-

™n- p≈ lZo-Yp-Isf hnkva-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p! c≠pw \_n-

Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS lZo-Yp-I-fm-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ Ah Hcp-t]mse

kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw _mly-amb sshcp≤yw \o°w sNbvXp tbmPn-

∏n-\p-≈ Fs¥-¶nepw t]mwhgn I≠p]nSn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I-

bm-bn-cp∂p t\cmb am¿§w. F∂m¬, Ah-c-ßs\ sNbvXn-√.

RßfpsS FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ°v \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\nsb ]n≥]-‰p-∂-X√;

Xß-fpsS BK-l-ßƒ ]q¿Øn-bm-Ip-∂-XmWv CjvS-sa-∂-Xn\v

CsXmcp sXfn-hm-Wv. X\n-°p-tijw GsX-¶nepw \_n-bpsS

BK-a-\-sØ-∏‰n ]d-™n-SØv ico-A-Øn-√mØ fn√o- \p-_p-∆-

Øp-amWv Dt±-iyw. Cu hn[-Øn¬ c≠vXc-Øn-ep≈ lZo-Yp-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 333

Ifpw AX-Xns‚ ÿm\Øv kXy-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. sshcp-≤y-

Øn\v Hcn-Shpw \evIp-∂n-√.

\p_p-∆Øv kw_-‘n® N¿®-bpsS Npcp°w

Npcp-°-Øn¬, F√m-Ø-c-Øn-ep≈ \p_p-∆-Øns‚bpw

hmXn¬ \nt»jw AS-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-I-bm-sW∂ [mcW alm-

A-_-≤-am-Wv. hnip≤Jp¿-Bt\m lZo-Yp-Itfm Cu hnizmkw

]Tn-∏n-°p-∂n-√. t\sc-a-dn®v, \p_p-∆-Øm-Ip∂ A\p-Klw

Ign™pt]mb P\-ß-fn¬ XpS¿∂-Xp-t]mse C∂pw XpS-cp-I-

bm-sW∂v Ah hy‡-am-°p-∂p. \p_p-∆-Øns‚ XpS¿® \_n

Xncp-ta-\n°v Ah-tl-f-\-a-√, adn®v Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ÿm\sØ

Db¿Øp-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv. Fs¥-∂m¬ apI-fn¬ ]d-™-Xp-

t]mse akolv auDu-Zn\p Cu A\p-Klw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\nsb

]n≥]-‰pI-bmepw Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS \ng-em-hp-I-bmepw e`n-®-Xm-

Wv. F∂m¬, Ign™pt]mb \_n-am-cn¬ BcpwXs∂ as‰mcp

\_nsb ]n≥]-‰pI-bm¬ \p_p-∆-Øm-Ip∂ A\p-Klw kn≤n-

®-h-c-√. Ah¿°v A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v t\cn´v B A\p-Klw

In´p-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. as‰mcp ]hm-N-Is\ ]n≥]-‰-ep-ambn

AXn\v _‘-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. AXn-\p≈ Imc-W-an-XmWv ˛

ap≥]-hm-N-I∑m-cmcpwXs∂ \p_p-∆-Øns‚ ]cn-]q¿ÆX ]m]n-

®-h-cm-bn-cp-∂n-√. \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n amX-amWv \p_p-∆-Øns‚ ]cn-

]q¿ÆX ]m]n-®n-cp-∂-Xv. AXn-\m¬, a≤y-ÿX IqSmsX aptº

e`n-®n-cp∂ A\p-Klw Ct∏mƒ Jp¿-B-s‚bpw JmØ-ap-∂-_n-

øm≥(-k) Xncp-ta-\n-bp-sSbpw am¿§-Øn¬°qSn e`n-°p-am-dm-bn-

cn-°p-∂p. aqkm-\-_n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬ ]e \_n-amcpw h∂p-sh-

∂Xv t\cm-Wv. F∂m¬, Ah¿ aqkm-\-_nsb ]n≥]-‰p-I-bm¬

\p_p-∆Øv kn≤n-®-h-cm-bn-cp-∂n-√. Ah-cpsS \p_p-∆Øv a[y-

ÿX IqSmsX A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v t\cn´v Ah¿°v \evI-s∏´

Hcp A\p-K-l-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\p-tijw Xudm-Øns‚ tkh-

\-Øn-\mbn Ah¿ \nbp-‡-cm-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp. F∂m¬,

lZvdØv apl-ΩZv \_n(-k) Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS B≤ym-flnI ]Zhn

AX-ta¬ ]cn-]q¿Æ-am-Wv˛ At±-lsØ ]n≥]-‰p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v

bYm-tbmKyw F√m hn[-Øn-ep≈ B≤ym-fln-Im-\p-K-lhpw e`n-

°pI km[y-am-hpw. AXp-sIm-≠v, Xncp-ta\n JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥

AXm-bXv apZ-bpsS A[n-Im-cnbmbn \n›-bn-°-s∏-´p. as‰mcp

334 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

]hm-N-I\pw Cu ÿm\-Øn\v tbmKy-\m-bn-ń-√. ^¬lwZp

en√mln Aem Zmen-Iv.

F∂m¬, IjvSw! apkvensa∂v ]d-bp-∂-h¿ Xs∂bpw \_n

Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS Cu alØzw CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂n√! apZ-bpsS A[n-

Imcn F∂ atlm-∂-X-ÿm\w Xncp-ta-\n-bp-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-

Øm≥ Ah¿ BK-ln-°p-∂n-√. A√mlp Xncp-ta-\nsb JmØ-

ap-∂-_n-øo≥ B°p-Ibpw B≤ym-flnI ]cn-]q¿Æ-X-bpsS apZ

Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ssIbn¬ sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v ]d-bp-Ibpw

sNbvXp. AXv BcpsSta¬ apZWw sNø-s∏-Sp-∂pthm At±-

l-Øn\v B A\p-Klw kn≤n-°pw. A√m-Ø-h¿°v AXv In´p-

I-bn-√. ]t£, B apZ Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS hnip≤Ic-ß-fn¬ Ccn-

°p-∂Xv apk¬am≥am¿°v kΩ-X-a√! Ah¿ ]d-bp∂p: Rßfo

apZsb kΩ-Xn-°p-I-bn-√. Rßƒ kΩ-Xn-°p∂ apZ CXmWv˛

AXv hcp-tºmƒ AWn s]mfn-®p-I-f-bpw. IpØp-tºmƒ Bôkv

]qń-bnt´ AI-ep-I-bp-≈q. A√mlp adp-]Sn \¬In.

]Þ^Âß‚¾àùÂf‚peo \nß-fpsS mh-\-b-\p-k-cn®pXs∂ Rm≥ \nß-tfmSv s]cp-

am-dpw. AXm-bXv \nßƒ GsXmcp apZ CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂pthm B

apZXs∂ \nßƒ°v IpØn-Ø-cpw.

alvZo-a-ko-lns‚ ]kvXm-h\

lZvdØv AlvaZns‚ c≠v ]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ D≤-cn®p sIm≠v

\p_p-∆-Øns\ kw_-‘n® N¿® Ah-km-\n-∏n®p sIm≈p-∂p.

At±lw ]d-bp-I-bmWv:˛

""\p_p-∆-Øns‚ F√m hmXn-ep-Ifpw AS-bv°-s∏´p t]mbn-

cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬, Hcp hmXn¬ amXw Xpd-∂n-ń´p-≠v. \_n-Xn-

cp-ta-\nsb ]n≥]‰n Xncp-ta-\n-bn¬ ebn-°pI F∂ hmXn¬.

GsXm-cmƒ B hmXn-en¬°qSn A√m-lp-hns‚ ASp-°¬ sN√p-

k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n 335

∂pthm At±-l-Øn\v A√mlp fn√n- bmb (]-Xn-Om-b) \ne-

bn¬ AtX \p_p-∆-Øn-s‚, AXm-bXv apl-Ω-Znøm \p_p-∆-

Øns‚ hkvXw DSp-∏n®p sImSp-°p-∂p. X≥aqew At±lw \_n-

bm-Ip-∂Xv A`n-am-\-Øn\v lm\n-I-c-am-Ip-∂n-√. Fs¥-∂m¬

At±-l-Øn\v \p_p-∆Øv kn≤n-°p-∂Xv kz¥w \ne-bn-e-√.

t\sc-a-dn®v \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS Dd-hn¬ \n∂m-Wv... Fs‚ \p_p-

∆Øpw cnkm-eØpw apl-ΩZpw AlvaZpw Bb \ne-bv°m-Ip-

∂p. Fs‚ kz¥w \nebv°v Cu ]Zhn F\n°v e`n-®-X-√.

dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n-bn¬ ebn-°pI \nan-Ø-am-Wv. AXn-\m¬

JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øos‚ Dt±-iy-Øn\v am‰w hcp-∂n-√.

""Cu DΩ-Øn¬ \_n Xncp-ta-\nsb ]n≥]-‰p-I-bm¬ Bbn-

c-°-W-°n¬ hen-øv am¿ D≠m-bn-´p-≠v. Hcmƒ DΩ-Ønbpw

\_n-bp-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. GsXmcp A√m-lp-hns‚ ssIbn-emtWm

Fs‚ Poh-\p-≈Xv B A√m-lp-hns‚ t]cn¬ kXyw sNbvXp-

sIm≠v Rm≥ ]d-bp-∂p˛ Ah-\mWv Fs∂ Ab-®-Xv. F\n°v

\_n-sb∂ t]¿ \evIn-bXpw Ah-\m-Wv.... \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS

B≤ym-fln-Im-`n-hr-≤n-bpsS ]cn-]q¿ÆX sXfn-bn-°p-∂-Xn\v

th≠n-bmWv A√mlp Cu ÿm\w F\n°v \evIn-b-Xv. Xncp-

ta-\n-bpsS al-Øz-Øns‚ _¿°-Øp-sIm≠v Fs∂ \p_p-∆-

Øns‚ ÿm\-tØ°v FØn-®p.''

]cn-k-am]vXn

lZvdØv AlvaZp¬ JmZn-bm-\n-bpsS(A) hnhn[ hmZ-ßsf

kw_-‘n® N¿®-Iƒ Dƒs°m-≈p∂ Cu ]T\w Ah-km-\n-

∏n-®p-sIm≠v Rm≥ A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv ]m¿∞n-°p∂p:-˛ k¿∆-

i-‡-\mb A√m-lpth! \o Rß-fpsS ktlm-Z-c-ß-fpsS IÆp-

I-fpsS ad \o°n-bmepw; Ah¿ ImWp-∂-Xn\pth≠n. Ah-cpsS

ImXp-Iƒ Xpd-∂mepw; Ah¿ tIƒ°p-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n. Ah-cpsS

lrZ-b-ß-fpsS apZ s]m´n-®m-epw; Ah¿ a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn-\p-

th≠n. IjvSw! Ah-sc-∏‰n F¥p-]-d-bs´! cmXn-bpsS Ccp´v

\oßn-Øp-S-ßn. kqcy-]-Imiw ]q¿∆-N-I-hm-f-Øn¬\n∂v Db-

cm\pw XpS-ßn. ]Sn-™mdv Dd-ßn-°n-S-°p∂ P\-ßƒt]mepw

angn hnS¿Øn. F∂m¬, Cu \nZ-mh-ew-_n-Iƒ°v t_m[w

h∂n√! kvt\ln-X-tc, ]nb-s∏-´-h-tc, PohnXw lkz-am-sW-

336 k∑m¿§-Z¿in\n

∂-dn-bp-I. kabw Ipdt® D≈q. AXp-I-gn-™m¬ A√m-lp-hns‚

ASp-°-te°v t]mtI-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. AhnsS sN∂m¬ Ah-c-

hcpsS sNbvXn-Iƒ°p-Øcw ]d-b-Ww. Hcp kXy-hms\ \ntj-

[n®psIm≠v ]›m-Ø-]n-°m≥ CS-bm-°-cptX! Ign-™p-t]m-

Ip∂ kabw Hcn-°epw aS-°n-°n-´p-I-bn-√. ssIhn-´p-t]m-Ip∂

kµ¿`w Xncn®p hcn-I-bp-an-√. Btem-Nn-°p-Ibpw a\- n-em-°p-

Ibpw sNøp-hn≥. lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)s‚ hmZ-ß-sf, \nß-

fpsS kzbw-Ir-X-amb ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-e-√, A√mlp ImWn®p

X∂ Dc-°-√n¬ Dc®v ]cn-tim-[n-°p-hn≥! kXysØ hntZzj

ZrjvSn-sIm-≠-√, kXy-Øn-\p-th≠n Zmln-°p-∂-hs‚ ZrjvSn-

tbmsS At\z-jn-°p-hn≥! A√mlp \nß-fpsS IÆp-Iƒ Xpd-

°p-Ibpw Rß-fpsS IÆp-Iƒ°v Ipfn¿Ω \evIp-Ibpw sNøp-

am-dm-I-s´. Bao≥. bm A¿l-a¿dm-ln-ao≥.

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