KOREAKOREA

WORLD HISTORYWORLD HISTORY

ANCIENT KOREAANCIENT KOREA

NO WRITTEN RECORDSNO WRITTEN RECORDS ORGANIZED BY CLANSORGANIZED BY CLANS ANAMISTS—ALL THINGS ANAMISTS—ALL THINGS

HAVE A SOULHAVE A SOUL SUN IS MAIN DEITYSUN IS MAIN DEITY

BRONZE AGEBRONZE AGE

800-900 BC800-900 BC FARM TOOLS & WAR FARM TOOLS & WAR

TOOLS ARE BRONZETOOLS ARE BRONZE RICE CULTIVATIONRICE CULTIVATION PIT DWELLINGSPIT DWELLINGS TOMBS—STONE SLABSTOMBS—STONE SLABS

OLD CHOSON (400BC)OLD CHOSON (400BC)

WALLED TOWNSWALLED TOWNS CONFEDERATION OF CONFEDERATION OF

TOWNSTOWNS PYONGYANGPYONGYANG IRONIRON ABOVE GROUND HOMES—ABOVE GROUND HOMES—

UNDER FLOOR HEATINGUNDER FLOOR HEATING CHINA HAS ECONOMIC CHINA HAS ECONOMIC

INFLUENCEINFLUENCE

TWO KINGDOMS (100BC-100AD)TWO KINGDOMS (100BC-100AD)

KOGUYRO—ALONG YALU KOGUYRO—ALONG YALU RIVER, OFTEN AT WAR WITH RIVER, OFTEN AT WAR WITH CHINACHINA

CHIN HAN—IN THE SOUTH, CHIN HAN—IN THE SOUTH, TAEGA (CLAN LEADERS) TAEGA (CLAN LEADERS) RULERULE

KING GETS POWER OVER KING GETS POWER OVER TAEGATAEGA

FEW SIMPLE LAWSFEW SIMPLE LAWS ANCESTOR WORSHIPANCESTOR WORSHIP

THREE KINGDOMSTHREE KINGDOMS

KOGUYRO—GREW, KING KOGUYRO—GREW, KING BY INHERITANCEBY INHERITANCE

PAEKCHE—TAEGA RULES, PAEKCHE—TAEGA RULES, CONQUER SOME OF CONQUER SOME OF KOGUYROKOGUYRO

SILLA—MADE BY SILLA—MADE BY ALLIANCESALLIANCES

ALL THREE:ALL THREE: QUEENS FROM SAME CLANQUEENS FROM SAME CLAN BUDDHISM INTRODUCEDBUDDHISM INTRODUCED MILITARY TOP OF SOCIETYMILITARY TOP OF SOCIETY CHINA IS A THREAT, ALSO CHINA IS A THREAT, ALSO

ALLYALLY

HANGUL DEVELOPEDHANGUL DEVELOPED

THREE KINGDOMS PERIOD THREE KINGDOMS PERIOD ENDSENDS

SILLA—ALLIANCE WITH T’ANG SILLA—ALLIANCE WITH T’ANG AGAINST PAEKCHEAGAINST PAEKCHE

KOGURYO IS DEFEATEDKOGURYO IS DEFEATED SILLA RULED BY KOGURYO NOBLES SILLA RULED BY KOGURYO NOBLES

(KIM FAMILY)—RESISTS CHINESE (KIM FAMILY)—RESISTS CHINESE DOMINATIONDOMINATION

BUDDHIST-CONFUCIANIST CONFLICTSBUDDHIST-CONFUCIANIST CONFLICTS 890—MANY LOCAL REVOLTS890—MANY LOCAL REVOLTS

KORYOKORYO

KORYO DOMINATESKORYO DOMINATES CONFUCIANISM—MAIN IDEACONFUCIANISM—MAIN IDEA KOREAN GEOMANCYKOREAN GEOMANCY ZEN BUDDHISM ACCEPTEDZEN BUDDHISM ACCEPTED MILITARY IS HEREDITARYMILITARY IS HEREDITARY LAND=WEALTHLAND=WEALTH SOCIAL CLASSESSOCIAL CLASSES SUPERIOR CERAMIC WARESUPERIOR CERAMIC WARE

KORYO CERAMICSKORYO CERAMICS

MONGOL INVASIONMONGOL INVASION

SAME TIME AS YUAN SAME TIME AS YUAN DYNASTY IN CHINADYNASTY IN CHINA

DESTROYED FIELDS, DESTROYED FIELDS, REDUCING FOOD SUPPLYREDUCING FOOD SUPPLY

PEASANTS LOST HOPEPEASANTS LOST HOPE KORYO KINGS KORYO KINGS

INTERMARRIED WITH INTERMARRIED WITH MONGOL PRINCESSESMONGOL PRINCESSES

NEW CHOSON DYNASTYNEW CHOSON DYNASTY

YI SONG-GUE DEFEATED LAST YI SONG-GUE DEFEATED LAST KORYO KINGKORYO KING

LAND REFORMLAND REFORM CAPITOL MOVED TO SEOULCAPITOL MOVED TO SEOUL CONFUCIANISM REVIVEDCONFUCIANISM REVIVED FRIENDLY WITH MING, TRADE FRIENDLY WITH MING, TRADE

WITH JAPANWITH JAPAN HANGUL FULLY DEVELOPED—HANGUL FULLY DEVELOPED—

MANYMANY BOOKS TRANSLATED TO BOOKS TRANSLATED TO HANGULHANGUL

NEW CHOSON DYNASTYNEW CHOSON DYNASTY

MANY NEW INVENTIONS & MANY NEW INVENTIONS & INNOVATIONSINNOVATIONS

BUDDHISM IS REPRESSEDBUDDHISM IS REPRESSED YANG BAN (CONFUCIAN SCHOLLARS) YANG BAN (CONFUCIAN SCHOLLARS)

GREW WEALTHIER—DIVIDED AS NEW GREW WEALTHIER—DIVIDED AS NEW YANG BAN WORKED IN RURAL AREASYANG BAN WORKED IN RURAL AREAS

JAPANESE INVASION 1592JAPANESE INVASION 1592

““TURTLE SHIPS” OF KOREAN TURTLE SHIPS” OF KOREAN NAVY CONTROL SEASNAVY CONTROL SEAS

GUERILLA KOREAN ARMIES GUERILLA KOREAN ARMIES FIGHT JAPANFIGHT JAPAN

JAPAN IS FINALLY DEFEATED JAPAN IS FINALLY DEFEATED AND LEAVES KOREA (1598)AND LEAVES KOREA (1598)

JAPANESE INVASION 1592JAPANESE INVASION 1592

KOREA HAD BEEN DEVESTATEDKOREA HAD BEEN DEVESTATED MING CHINA (AN ALLY) WAS ALSO MING CHINA (AN ALLY) WAS ALSO

WEAKENEDWEAKENED JAPAN WAS INFLUENCED BY JAPAN WAS INFLUENCED BY

CONFUCIANISMCONFUCIANISM KOREAN PRISONERS TAUGHT JAPAN KOREAN PRISONERS TAUGHT JAPAN

CERAMICSCERAMICS

CATHOLICISMCATHOLICISM

CATHOLIC MISSIONARIES ENTERED CATHOLIC MISSIONARIES ENTERED KOREA FROM MING CHINAKOREA FROM MING CHINA

““WESTERN LEARNING” WAS STUDIED WESTERN LEARNING” WAS STUDIED FOR SECULAR, NOT RELIGIOUS FOR SECULAR, NOT RELIGIOUS REASONSREASONS

FOLLOWERS WISHED TO REFORM FOLLOWERS WISHED TO REFORM KOREAKOREA

““CATHOLIC PERSECUTION” 1801CATHOLIC PERSECUTION” 1801

JAPANESE INFLUENCEJAPANESE INFLUENCE

JAPAN FORCED KOREA TO OPEN JAPAN FORCED KOREA TO OPEN THREE PORTS FOR THEIR USETHREE PORTS FOR THEIR USE

REFORM OF 1894 IS IMPOSED BY REFORM OF 1894 IS IMPOSED BY JAPAN JAPAN (INTENDED TO END CLASS STRIFE AND (INTENDED TO END CLASS STRIFE AND STABILIZE ECONOMY, BUT STRENGTHENED JAPANESE STABILIZE ECONOMY, BUT STRENGTHENED JAPANESE INFLUENCE)INFLUENCE)

BY 1905, KOREA WAS A BY 1905, KOREA WAS A PROTECTORATE OF JAPANPROTECTORATE OF JAPAN

““RIGHTEOUS ARMIES”RIGHTEOUS ARMIES” RIGHTEOUS ARMIES IN KOREA FIGHT JAPAN RIGHTEOUS ARMIES IN KOREA FIGHT JAPAN

(1895, 1907-1910)(1895, 1907-1910) SUPPORTED BY CONFUCIANS, BUDDHISTS, SUPPORTED BY CONFUCIANS, BUDDHISTS,

PROTESTANT CHRISTIANSPROTESTANT CHRISTIANS ‘‘WESTERN LEARNING’ WAS POPULARWESTERN LEARNING’ WAS POPULAR JAPAN DEFEATED THEMJAPAN DEFEATED THEM

MARCH 1MARCH 1STST MOVEMENT MOVEMENT

1919, DECLARATION OF 1919, DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE WRITTENINDEPENDENCE WRITTEN

BUDDHISTS & PROTESTANTSBUDDHISTS & PROTESTANTS JAPAN RESPONDED VIOLENTLYJAPAN RESPONDED VIOLENTLY KOREAN GOVERNMENT IN EXILEKOREAN GOVERNMENT IN EXILE 1942—KOREAN LANGUAGE IS 1942—KOREAN LANGUAGE IS

OUTLAWEDOUTLAWED ANARCHISTS & COMMUNISTS ANARCHISTS & COMMUNISTS

GAINED SUPPORTERSGAINED SUPPORTERS

MARCH 1MARCH 1STST MOVEMENT MOVEMENT

KOREAN FARMERS KOREAN FARMERS IMPOVERISHEDIMPOVERISHED

JAPAN FORCED KOREAN JAPAN FORCED KOREAN “COMFORT WOMEN” TO “COMFORT WOMEN” TO BE WITH JAPANESE BE WITH JAPANESE ARMY DURING WW2ARMY DURING WW2

JAPAN DEFEATEDJAPAN DEFEATED

1945 THE WAR ENDED WITH 1945 THE WAR ENDED WITH JAPAN’S DEFEATJAPAN’S DEFEAT

RUSSIA OCCUPIED N. KOREA, RUSSIA OCCUPIED N. KOREA, USA OCCUPIED S. KOREAUSA OCCUPIED S. KOREA

SYGMAN RHEE WAS MADE SYGMAN RHEE WAS MADE DICTATOR OF THE SOUTHDICTATOR OF THE SOUTH

BY 1960, THE PEOPLE BY 1960, THE PEOPLE DEPOSED HIM, DEMOCRACY DEPOSED HIM, DEMOCRACY FOLLOWEDFOLLOWED

KOREAN WARKOREAN WAR

1951-1953 THE KOREAN WAR1951-1953 THE KOREAN WAR

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