1

-

KMMKMMKMMKMM----VIN NewsletterVIN NewsletterVIN NewsletterVIN Newsletter Issue 10, July 2014Issue 10, July 2014Issue 10, July 2014Issue 10, July 2014

EDITORIAL

We are presenting the 10th issue of Newsletter of the European Virtual Institute on Knowledge-based Multifunctional Materials (KMM-VIN). KMM-VIN Newsletter is published twice a year - in July and December.

KMM-VIN was established in 2007 as the main result of the Network of Excellence KMM-NoE (FP6 project). The legal status of KMM-VIN is that of Belgian international non-profit association (AISBL). KMM-VIN AISBL is registered in Brussels. It comprises now 72 members from 16 European States. KMM-VIN AISBL operates two offices: Main Office in Brussels and Remote Office in Warsaw.

For its members KMM-VIN is providing an organizational framework to conduct jointly basic and applied research comprising materials processing, characterisation and modelling. For external clients KMM-VIN is offering integrated R&D, educational and innovation activities in the field of advanced structural and functional materials with main focus on Transport, Energy and Biomedical sectors.

This issue of KMM-VIN Newsletter contains usual columns as listed above, commencing as always with “Latest News”, headed by the report from the KMM-VIN General Assembly Annual Meeting 2014 and announcing i.a. the upcoming KMM-VIN Industry Workshops in 2014/15 and launching of the new KMM-VIN webpage (www.kmm-vin.eu) targeted primarily at industrial customers from outside KMM-VIN showing its services and pointing out the benefits from membership in KMM-VIN AISBL.

The most important part of each KMM-VIN Newsletter are “News from the Working Groups”. The Working Groups (WGs) are focused on materials R&D for selected industry sectors acknowledged as target sectors for the KMM-VIN research activities, i.e.: WG1. Materials for Transport, WG2. Materials for Energy, WG3. Biomaterials and WG4. Modelling (a crosscutting group). The WGs were organized around the research topics of common interests proposed by the WG’s members in two-page proposals, which have led to jointly executed work programmes or internal research projects.

In the column "KMM Projects" the readers can find information about European projects in which KMM-VIN and/or its members are involved as project coordinators or beneficiaries. Implementation of the strategic plans developed within the CSA project INNVIN (FP7) coordinated by KMM-VIN has stimulated more industry oriented actions of our Partnership with tangible examples being i.a. KMM-VIN Industrial Workshops on “Current Research, Industrial and Clinical Issues in Bone Implant Development” (IW2) and “Current Research on Materials and Technologies for Transport Application” (IW3).

The column "Cooperation" contains updated information on KMM-VIN’s activity in the European Technology Platform on Advanced Engineering Materials and Technologies (EuMaT) and other European initiatives on Materials like Alliance for Materials (A4M) or Energy Materials Industry Research Initiative (EMIRI).

In the column “Research Fellowships and Trainings” results of the 6th Call of KMM-VIN Research Fellowships and an updated list of KMM-VIN Specialised Courses for external customers are presented.

The register of KMM-VIN members (institutions) is given at the end of the Newsletter. For viewing the details of KMM-VIN members and information on current events please visit www.kmm-vin.eu. Contact details of KMM-VIN Office can be found on the back cover of the Newsletter.

The new EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation – Horizon 2020 is now running. Unlike FP7 the calls for proposals in Horizon 2020 are organized on a two-year basis with calls for 2014 and 2015 being in progress. So far KMM-VIN has been a partner in two H2020 project proposals: one has already been accepted (MATCH), the other one is awaiting decision. KMM-VIN members have been involved in numerous proposals which, if successful, may have impact on research activities of KMM-VIN Working Groups.

In this Issue:

Editorial 1

Latest News 2

What’s new in Working Groups 4

KMM Projects 17

Cooperation 18

Research Fellowships and Trainings 19

Personalia 20

KMM-VIN Members 21

2

The process of Horizon 2020 Work Programmes preparation for the years 2016 and 2017 has just started at the Commission. The KMM-VIN Partnership has an opportunity to express their suggestions for the Work Programme of NMP-B (Nanotechnologies, Advanced Materials, Biotechnology and Advanced Manufacturing and Processing) through the Working Groups of the European

Technology Platform on Advanced Engineering Materials and Technologies (EuMaT). In particular, WG4 of EuMaT, which was created in 2004 by KMM-VIN members, is a suitable system through which KMM-VIN topics can be promoted.

Marek Janas, Editor

LATEST NEWS

THE 9th GENERAL ASSEMBLY

The Annual General Assembly Meeting 2014 was held on 18th February 2014 in Brussels. The Annual Report of the Board of Directors on KMM-VIN activities in 2013 as well as the report on 2013 accounts and 2014 budget were presented and have been approved by the General Assembly. The GA approved also modifications of KMM-VIN Operating Procedures needed, i.a., to confirm the amounts of membership fees for 2014 and start the registration process of the KMM-VIN Branch Poland

Reports of the WG coordinators on the Working Groups activities in 2013 were presented by Pedro Egizabal for WG1. Materials for Transport, Christof Sommitsch and Monica Ferraris for WG2. Materials for Energy, Aldo Boccaccini for WG3. Biomaterials and Jerzy Rojek and Cecilia Poletti for WG4. Modelling. Discussions on current and future WG activities were continued at the annual technical meetings of WGs (Feb. 17-18 for WG2, Feb.19, 2014 for WG1, WG3 and WG4).

PARTNERSHIP

In July 2014 the KMM-VIN association comprised 72 members, of whom 68 are institutions (research centres, universities, industry and SMEs) and 4 are individual members. Three new institutional members were accepted by the GA last February (TUBAF, Freiberg, DE; DTU, Lyngby, DK; ITeE-PIB, Radom, PL), whereas CUT, IMZ and AITEX have resigned from KMM-VIN AISBL.

The website of KMM-VIN has been rebuilt to make it more informative for external customers. The offerings such as the combined R&D expertise of KMM-VIN members to tackle particular research problems, industrial workshops, specialized training courses tailored to companies’ needs, expert analyses and alike are now addressed more visibly. Special attention is given to recruitment of new members, i.a. by highlighting the benefits from joining the KMM-VIN Partnership.

RECENT KMM EVENTS

KMM-VIN was involved, together with EuMaT ETP and Alliance for Materials (A4M) in preparation of Workshop WS3: “Materials as natural bridging elements between technological cultures” and Session 11 on “Integration of industrial and materials

research communities along the value chains: the innovation way to future sustainable products” at the Industrial Technologies Conference 2014, an important EC event integrating nano, bio, materials and production technologies, which was held in Athens, 9-11 April 2014 during the Greek presidency of the EU. The KMM-VIN CEO (Michal Basista) coordinated the Session 11, presented a talk at Workshop WS3 and served as member of Expert Advisory Group of this Conference. KMM-VIN undertakes efforts to recruit new members from Transport, Energy and Health sectors. One of the forms of approaching industry are the KMM-VIN Industrial Workshops (IWs). The concept of the IW is to present KMM-VIN’s R&D activities to industrial companies and to have some of the industry representatives speak at the IWs, too in order to trigger discussion with possible follow up in the form of future cooperation. KMM-VIN 2nd Industrial Workshop (IW2) „Current Research, Industrial and Clinical Issues in Bone Implant Development” was held at Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials (IFAM) in Bremen, Germany on May 21-22, 2014. Current developments in biodegradable implant materials, bone tissue engineering scaffolds and biofunctionalisation strategies were discussed. The programme also included presentations on modelling approaches, methods of implant characterisation, as well as industrial and clinical perspectives on current needs in the field. Thirteen oral presentations by both KMM-VIN members and external speakers were given completed by a poster session. With the participation of representatives from six companies and four hospitals, the Workshop was certainly beneficial to establish new networks and to foster application oriented research in the field. A KMM-VIN Open Forum was held to inform external participants about the activities of the KMM-VIN in joint research, training and EU project collaboration opportunities, especially within the Biomaterials Working Group. The IW2 coordinator was Philipp Imgrund (Fraunhofer-IFAM). For more details on IW2 see the column “News from WG3 Biomaterials”.

3

Participants of KMM-VIN Industrial Workshop on “Current Research, Industrial and Clinical Issues in Bone Implant Development”, Fraunhofer-IFAM Bremen, 21-22 May 2014 Another form of making the industry aware of KMM-VIN services and inform them about the benefits from membership, are KMM-VIN webinars.

The first KMM-VIN webinar was held on 15 April 2014 preceded by a newly shot introductory movie presenting KMM-VIN strategy for industry. This movie can be viewed on YouTube using the following link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y3TetwoF26k MatVal (FP7) CSA project (“Alliance for Materials – A value chain approach to materials research and innovation“) with KMM-VIN in the consortium, organized on 26th May 2014 in Lille a workshop on „Developing strategies to boost Materials R&D in Europe”, hosted by EMRS at their 2014 Spring Meeting. KMM-VIN was in charge of the Workshop: Michal Basista coordinated the overall preparations and chaired the Workshop, Arnaldo Moreno prepared and moderated the “Market vs. Subsidies” discussion session, while Karl Maile - the session entitled “Planning” the innovation – a controversy?”. The conclusions from the Workshop will be included in a public report currently under preparation by KMM-VIN. CIMTEC 2014 – consisting of 13th International Ceramics Congress, the 6th Forum on New Materials and their satellite events were held at Montecatini Terme, Italy, on 8-19 June 2014, with contributions from KMM-VIN teams (POLITO, ITC, FAU, ITME,...). ECCM16 – 16th European Conference on Composite Materials was held in Seville, Spain, on 22-26 June 2014, with participation, i.a. of the KMM-VIN team in an FP7 project “Advanced manufacturing routes

for Metal/Composite components for aerospace” (ADMACOM). A workshop „Materials for Health: a Value Chain in the Frame of H2020” was organized on 16-17 July 2014 in Turin by POLITO team under the auspices of EuMaT, KMM-VIN and Alliance for Materials-Italy. The workshop coordinator was Enrica Verné (POLITO).

Round table discussion during Workshop „Materials for Health: a Value Chain in the Frame of H2020”, POLITO, Turin, 17 July 2014

FORTHCOMING EVENTS

The MatVal final conference will be held on 30 Sep. 2014 in the framework of LET’S 2014 Conference („Leading Enabling Technologies for Societal Challenges“) in Bologna from 29 September to 1 October 2014, as an event accompanying the Italian presidency of the EU. KMM-VIN is involved in the organization of the MatVal final conference. MSE 2014 - biennial international conference "Materials Science Engineering" organised by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Materialkunde will take place in Darmstadt on 23-25 September 2014, Aldo R. Boccaccini (FAU) being one of topic organizers. More information: http://www.dgm.de/dgm/mse-congress/ The 5th International Conference on Electrophoretic Deposition: Fundamentals and Applications (EPD 2014) chaired by Aldo Boccaccini will be held in Herstein (Austria) on 5-10 October 2014. More information available at: http://www.engconf.org/conferences/materials-science-including-nanotechnology/international-conference-on-electrophoretic-deposition-v-fundamentals-and-applications-epd-2014/ GREENLION International Workshop 2014 “On the green road to environmentally friendly Li-ion cells”, will be held on 28-29 October 2014 in Ulm, Germany. Details on the workshop and on the project Greenlion coordinated by CIDETEC – see “News from WG1 Materials for Transport”.

4

The 4th International Conference on Syntactic and Composite Foams, co-chaired by Aldo R. Boccaccini, will be held in Santa Fe, NM (USA), on 2-7 November 2014. For more information see: http://www.biomat.techfak.uni-erlangen.org/img/uploaded/pdf/scf_iv_flyer-9-17-13.pdf KMM-VIN 3rd Industrial Workshop (IW3) on „Current Research on Materials and Technologies for Transport Application”” will be held at Fraunhofer-IFAM, Dresden, on 3-4 November 2014. The IW3 coordinators are Thomas Weissgärber (IFAM-DD) and Pedro Egizabal (TECNALIA).

Architectured biomaterials, Medical and Tissue Engineering, symposium organized by the French Embassy in Berlin, together with Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, University of Grenoble and Warsaw University of Technology (KMM-VIN Member) will be held In Berlin on 4-5 December 2014. Programme, registration and proposals for poster session, see: http://www.wissenschaft-frankreich.de The 4th KMM-ViN Industrial Workshop “Advanced Materials Modeling for Industrial Practice” will be held in Graz on 30th January 2015. The IW4 coordinators are Cecilia Poletti (TU Graz) and Jerzy Rojek (IPPT).

WHAT’S NEW IN WORKING GROUPS?

The internal research structure of KMM-VIN consists now of the following four Working Groups: • WG1. Materials for Transport Coordinators:

Pedro Egizabal, Fundación Tecnalia, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain Thomas Weissgärber, Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing and Advanced Materials, Dresden, Germany

• WG2. Materials for Energy Coordinators:

Monica Ferraris, Politecnico di Torino, Italy Christof Sommitsch, Graz University of Technology, Austria

• WG3. Biomaterials Coordinators:

Aldo R. Boccaccini, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany Christian Hellmich, Technische Universität Wien, Austria

• WG4. Modelling (crosscutting group) Coordinators: Cecilia Poletti, Technische Universität Graz, Austria Jerzy Rojek, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland

The Working Groups are operating on terms and conditions agreed within each WG. A standard model of doing research within WG’s is that based on the approved two-page research proposals proposed by the WG members. Some subgroups within WGs have been created to make the research work more focused and effective. The results of the internal projects are presented annually (WG1, WG3, WG4) or semi-annually (WG2) at technical meetings of the Working Groups.

NEWS FROM WG1: MATERIALS FOR TRANSPORT 1. Internal collaborative projects and workshop

IW3

The work in internal collaborative projects is currently focused on the phase of optimization of reinforced magnesium and copper alloys and production of samples. Tecnalia is working on a AZ91D based alloy reinforced with TiC particulates to be produced by stir casting. Samples have been already produced and preliminarily tested through tensile tests. The developed process is carried out at semisolid state and allows the incorporation of up to 1% of TiC particulates into the magnesium alloy. The first results confirm that the particulates are well distributed in the matrix and they produce slight improvements in ultimate strength and yield stress values (~10-20% increase) and a higher improvement in ductility. The interaction of the TiC particulates and the main strengthening mechanisms are being studied and further optimization casting trials will be carried out in the following months. After the end of the optimization process samples will be characterized by IMIM, CRF and UNIVPM with some modelling activities also foreseen to be carried out by IMBAS.

On the other hand WRUT has been working on the squeeze casting of Cu based composites reinforced with both preforms and particulates. WRUT has worked out a new method for fast infiltration with higher temperature of preform and optimised process parameters. Secondly, in the case of the composite reinforced with particles and produced by stir casting it has been observed that some microstructure features and composite properties can be improved by using squeeze casting. So, stir casting can be performed at lower temperature, even rheo-casting, and then metal-particle slurry squeeze casted to improve interface and reduce porosity. The squeeze casting method will be performed on devices developed for Cu alloys (Fig. 1) which

5

provide very small undercooling of preform during its positioning in the mould, shortly before infiltration. It allows the premature solidification of metal on reinforcement and as a result saturation of very fine pores or joints between fibres.

Fig. 1. Scheme of direct squeeze casting with installed preform in modified die cavity (WRUT). Stir casting of composite materials can be performed in semi-solid state to reduce possible reaction at the matrix/particle interface and produce homogenous dispersion. Applying a protecting atmosphere reduced to 0.15 atm. the slurry will be poured into the die and squeeze casted. It allows the reduction of micro-porosities and enhances close contact at the interface. A group of eight KMM-VIN members (IPPT, ITME, WRUT, IMIM, UNIVPM, AGH-UST, CIDETEC and POLIMI) is pursuing an internal WG1 project on “Functionally graded alumina-aluminum composites for brake discs application” (Alumina-Aluminum), inspired by the research results obtained in two EU projects KMM-NoE (FP6), MATRANS (FP7) and the Polish key project on composite materials (KomCerMet). The Alumina-Aluminum internal project is concerned with graded Al-Al2O3 composites processed by pressure infiltration of molten aluminum alloy into graded porous ceramic preforms fabricated by foil casting, lamination and sintering under loading. For the time being the cooperation in Alumina-Aluminum has mainly been undergoing between IPPT, ITME and WRUT. The starting materials have been selected, the first ceramic porous preforms were fabricated (bulk and graded) and test infiltration was performed on non-graded samples. In the following weeks a second attempt of infiltration of non-graded and graded preforms will be undertaken at WRUT. The consortium of Alumina-Aluminum is considering presentation of the first results of their work at the poster session of KMM-VIN 3rd Industrial Workshop in Dresden, 3-4 Nov. 2014. 3rd Industrial Workshop “Current Research on Materials and Technologies for Transport Application”. This workshop mainly focuses on the aerospace and automotive sector, although some R&D issues in rail transport will also be addressed. Speakers from industry will present the current development trends and technology needs. Additionally members from KMM-VIN will present their resent research results on materials and

technologies. The focus is on lightweight materials, materials for energy efficiency as well as joining of dissimilar materials. The second day will focus on material technologies like powder metallurgy, additive manufacturing and casting displaying the potential for cost efficiency, design flexibility and functionality. The two-day workshop is co-organised by KMM-VIN and Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials (IFAM) Branch Lab Dresden, and will be held on 3-4 November 2014 in Dresden, Germany.

The IW3 programme has been finalised and is available for viewing on KMM-VIN website. An invitation to register for the IW3 will be issued shortly. A poster session is foreseen for participants wishing to present their R&D results related to materials for transport applications.

Pedro Egizabal Luzuriaga (TECNALIA), Thomas Weissgärber (IFAM-DD), WG1 coordinators

2. Contribution from CIDETEC:

GREENLION “Advanced Manufacturing Processes for Low Cost GREENer Li-ION Batteries” is a Large Scale Collaborative FP7 Project (2011-2015), coordinated by IK4-CIDETEC. It is aimed at manufacturing of greener and cheaper Li-Ion batteries for electric vehicle applications via the use of water soluble, fluorine-free, high thermally stable binders, which would eliminate the use of VOCs and reduce the cell assembly cost. GREENLION has 6 key objectives:

• Development of new active and inactive battery materials viable for water processing.

• Innovative processes leading to reduced electrode production cost and low environmental pollution.

• Use of water soluble binders allows the extensive recovery of active and inactive battery materials.

preform die

composite

mould

Molten

metal

6

• Development of new assembly procedures capable of substantially reducing time and cost of cell fabrication.

• Lighter battery modules with air cooling and easier disassembly through eco-designed bonding techniques.

• Development of an automated module and battery pack assembly line for increased production output and reduced cost.

IK4-CIDETEC, Parque Tecnológico de San Sebastián - P° Miramón, 196, 20009 Donostia - San

Sebastián, Spain, http://www.greenlionproject.eu/

GREENLION International Workshop 2014 - First Announcement

The Workshop, organized by KIT-HIU, provides the opportunity for exchanging academic and industrial knowledge on the working principles and processing of water-based battery electrodes in Europe. Herein, various topics accompanying the battery manufacturing process are subject for discussion:

• Cell & battery module up-scaling

• Electrode coating

• Electrode laser cutting

• Cell & Battery module design and testing

“On the green road to environmentally friendly Li-ion cells”, 28-29 October 2014, Ulm, Germany (see http://www.hiu.kit.edu for more info). KMM-VIN members are invited to register and send an abstract for either an oral or poster presentation until 31 July 2014. Registration: Andrea Rössler-Versteeg (KIT-HIU), andrea.roessler-versteeg@kit.edu NEWS FROM WG2: MATERIALS FOR ENERGY WG2 has something new for this Newsletter …

We asked our industrial partners to send us one question about their main (non-confidential) technical problem For instance: "We need a ceramic matrix composite

with the same toughness of steel" (I'm kidding ) Now we challenge KMM-VIN partners to solve

the problem....or at least to try (and contact the company....)

Peter Barnard, Doosan, UK kindly provided the FIRST main question to be answered:

“ What is the minimum level of ductility that is acceptable for long term service of MarBN materials?” If you think you have the answer, please write to: Peter Barnard (peter.barnard@doosan.com)

A second question was provided by Jan Bonarski, IMIM: “How to improve a ductility of Mg-based alloys at room-temperature? If you think you have the answer, please write to Jan Bonarski (j.bonarski@imim.pl)

Some news about WG2 members

Marie Curie GlaCERCo-ITN project develops innovative and low cost optical sensing for integration into advanced composites:

The GlaCERCo “Glass and Ceramic Composites for High Technology Applications” project is a Marie Curie Initial training network that aims to offer multidisciplinary and inter-sectorial training in the field of high-tech glass and composite materials (www.glacerco.eu). The project covers a wide range of novel research topics related to WG2 Materials for Energy.

One of the topics covered in the project is focused on the development of simple, low cost optical sensors to provide non-destructive testing of chemical ageing in Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymers (GFRPs). This topic is of particular interest to the oil and gas industry due to the significant cost savings associated with switching from traditional steel components to GFRP ones.

During this project it was demonstrated that embedded glass fibre based evanescent sensors and Fibre Bragg gratings were able to detect the early stage of moisture diffusion into the GFRP polymer matrix after exposure to seawater at high temperature and pressure.

Fig. 2. GFRP sample containing multiple embedded glass fibre sensors (POLITO)

There is also a significant potential for the use of both sensors for the early detection of polymers degradation in other commercial applications. The availability of new, simple, and low cost photonic sensors for the hostile environments in the oil and gas industry, has an enormous economic potential for this strategic EU industry.

This idea comes from a cooperation work between Politecnico di Torino (DISAT and DET), Italy and Element Materials Technology Hitchin, UK, both KMM-VIN members. The high temperature ageing was performed at Element, and all characterisation

7

was done in Torino. The embedding of sensors was carried out at the Universitá degli Studi di Perugia, Italy. More information may be asked to: milena.salvo@polito.it and www.composites.polito.it

A new project FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF – NAGCESA (“Novel antiferroelectric glass-ceramics for energy storage applications”) started in May 2014 at POLITO. Giuseppe Viola from POLITO (giuseppe.viola@polito.it) will work in cooperation with Michael Reece (Queen Mary University, London and Nanoforce Ltd. UK) on fabrication and characterization of innovative ABC antiferroelectric compounds.

Associate members of KMM-VIN Alstom Power and Goodwin Steel Castings, together with an SME, Applied Inspection ltd, have successfully obtained financial support from the UK Technology Strategy Board for project INMAP – Industrialisation of Novel MarBN Steel for Advanced Power Plants. The project started on 1st June 2014 and will run for a period of two years with a total budget of approximately 500,000 GBP.

The MarBN steel offers significant improvements in creep strength and a temperature advantage of around 25C compared to the current state-of-the-art steels, Grade 92 and CB2. The project will further develop and upscale the casting technology developed in an earlier TSB project, IMPACT (2010-2013). A steam turbine valve chest has been selected as a demonstrator component and will be manufactured in the MarBN steel. Technologies for non-destructive tests with enhanced detectability for this compositionally complex steel will be developed and demonstrated. Weld repair for the casting component will be applied if any surface defects exist. Finally, the integrity of the casting will be characterised through mechanical tests including creep and low cycle fatigue (LCF) to establish that the benefit apparent from laboratory tests is maintained in industrial components. Material from the casting will be made available to other partners in WG2 work programme EMEP in order to enable expansion of the validation of mechanical properties.

More information may be asked to: Rod Vanstone (rod.vanstone@power.alstom.com)

There has been lots of activity on the MarBN material with a number of new development actions being undertaken. The most notable being the offer from both ZP and Vallourec to produce 15T melts of the IMPACT MarBN and converting this into tube, also the offer of Vallourec to convert the O2 ingot into a pipe. Associated with this will be welding consumable developments for a matching filler be WRI and Boehler/Chemnitz within KMM-VIN and Metrode outside of KMM-VIN. Whilst there is considerable actions under way testing the parent material under oxidation, creep, fatigue and creep-fatigue interaction the need to increase the x-weld ductility remains. More information may be asked to: Peter Barnard (peter.barnard@doosan.com)

Success stories

Peter Mayr was awarded the Prof. Koichi Masubuchi Award by the American Welding Society.

American Welding Society AWS serves more than 66,000 members worldwide. Membership consists of engineers, scientists, educators, researchers, welders, inspectors, welding foremen, company executives and officers, and corporate members including welding manufactures, independent welding shops, distributorship, end-users, educational institutions and more.

Fig. 3. Peter Mayr awarded with Prof. Koichi Masubuchi Award by the American Welding Society

Member interests include automatic, semi-automatic and manual welding, as well as brazing, soldering, ceramics, lamination, robotics, and welding safety and health. Professor Koichi Masubuchi Award is sponsored by the Center for Ocean Engineering at the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. It was established to recognize Professor Koichi Masubuchi, who has made significant contributions to advancing the science and technology of welding, especially welding fabrication of marine and space structures. The award will be given to one individual who have made significant contributions in the advancement of the science and technology of materials joining through research and development. The individual is to be 40 years old or younger and may live in any part of the world. The recipient need not be a member of AWS. ORION, IK4-CIDETEC coordinated FP7 project awarded as success story

The EU-funded ORION (ORdered inorganic-organic hybrids using IONic liquids for emerging applications) project (http://www.cidetec.es/ORION/), coordinated by IK4-CIDETEC, has been recently awarded as success story by the European Commission (http://ec.europa.eu/research/infocentre/article_en.cfm?id=/research/star/index_en.cfm?p=ss-140603orion&calledby=infocentre&item=All&artid=32202&caller=SuccessStories). The success of the ORION project is based on the development of new family of hybrid materials constituted by inorganic nanomaterials and ionic liquids and their successful integration in different energy devices such as Li-ion batteries and dye-sensitized solar cells. Additionally to the cutting edge

8

knowledge generated in the project – with more than 11 patent applications and 75 publications in high impact factor journals – it is worth to note the introduction of some new products into the market and creation of new opportunities during the project. The unique combination of cutting-edge academic partners and world leading companies of the ORION consortium made it possible to achieve a huge progresses towards the use of clean energy by using green conversion and safe storage technologies.

News from the research battleground

Reactive infiltration of Al-Cr intermetallic skeletons at WRUT

To produce skeletons combustion synthesis (variant of SHS) is performed in microwave reactor for the Ti-Al, Ni-Al, Cr-Al and Ti-C or Ti-C-Al systems. Compact of powders is locally preheated to ignite reaction and develop open porosity structures, see below, which during squeeze casting can be successfully interlocked with Al or Cu matrix.

Fig. 4. Fracture of skeleton composed from Al9Cr4 intermetallic compound (WRUT)

Infiltration of Al-Cr skeleton with molten Cu proceeds with reaction at the interface and conversion of the skeleton and matrix correspondingly to Cu9Al4(Cr) and globular precipitates of Cr52Al35Cu13 embedded in the Cu47Al41Cr12 phase, see Fig.5a. Such composite materials exhibit significant hardness and oxidation resistance at elevated temperatures. The protective layer is composed of oxides Al2O3 and (AlCu)2O3, Fig. 5b, created at parabolic constant oxidation rate (kp) equal to 1.9 x 10-6 g2m-4s-1. So, exemplarily exhaust engine valves or nozzles can be locally reinforced to protect against hot gasses, erosion and delamination.

Fig. 5a. Propagation of reaction front and phases in converted microstructure of composite (WRUT)

Fig. 5b. View of casting with reinforced volume and its surface subjected to oxidization in air for 24h at 800°C. (WRUT)

More information may be asked to: Krzysztof Naplocha (krzysztof.naplocha@pwr.edu.pl)

40 µm matrix

skeleton

40 µm matrix

skeleton

9

New research activity at IMIM of potential interest for WG1 and WG2 members

• Technology of structural reinforcing the Mg-based alloys (Fig. 6)

Fig. 6. Microstructure of Mg-based alloy after hot extrusion (left) and after structural reinforcement treatment (right) (IMIM)

• Depth profiling the full stress tensor in the near-surface layers (Fig.7)

c

Fig. 7. Results of X-ray stress analysis (based on 311-Ni reflection) for functional Ni-coating obtained by traditional (sinѱ2) and a newly developed methodology derived from X-ray Texture Tomography (a), which enables a depth-profiling the stresses for selected sub-layers, e.g. of 1-, 2-, 3- and 4 µm in thickness (b), regarding the elastic anisotropy of Ni-single crystal (c). The results reveal the gradient-less stress field in the investigated coating (IMIM)

Further projects planned:

• Bio-recyclable electric cell with controlled output • Mg-Ti light composite for civil and military

applications • Magneto-abrasive treatment of light-metal

structural elements A research project focused on Optimisation of multi-layer functional coatings (IMIM and ITE-PIB, a newly accessed member of KMM-VIN) has been granted.

More information may be asked to: Jan Bonarski (j.bonarski@imim.pl) AGH-UST: Microstructural aspects of the fire-side corrosion of Sanicro 25 and HR6W austenitic alloys

Continuously increasing demand for electric energy of the highly-developed countries is forcing to increase the amount of combusted coal enhancing the environmental pollution. In order to detain this process, the efficiency of the power plants has to be increased by raising the temperature and pressure of the steam.

Materials for Advanced Ultra-Supercritical power plants (A-USC), which could withstand increased temperature and pressure of new steam conditions, are still under development. High temperature corrosion, beside the creep properties, is one of the key issues which have to be taken into consideration by designing new power plant units. Researchers from AGH University of Science and Technology (AGH-UST), boiler manufacturer RAFAKO S.A. and University of Stuttgart, investigated microstructure and properties of advanced steels (Sanicro 25) and austenitic alloys (HR6W) for prospective application in the superheaters of the (A)USC power plants. AGH-UST group investigated in detail stability of alloys’ microstructure during heat treatment corresponded to real boiler atmosphere as well as after corrosion tests in laboratory conditions and real fireside corrosion environment. Figs..8a and 8b present oxide scale microstructures grown in similar conditions inside corrosion (pulverised fuel combustion) rig on Sanicro 25 and HR6W alloys, respectively. The EDS (Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy) analyses of both scales, enabled determination of the chemical element maps of every sub-layer of the scales (below). We have characterised the structure of oxide scale down to a nanoscale level, taking advantage of recent development in high resolution analytical TEM (www.tem.agh.edu.pl). The results showed that the scale formed on both materials in the atmosphere of aggressive exhaust gases, containing SO2 and H2O and the ash deposit in the power plant boiler, possesses very good protective properties and provides an effective barrier to diffusion of sulphur.

10

Fig. 8. Microstructure (STEM-HAADF image) and EDS elemental mapping of the oxide scale grown on (a) Sanicro 25 austenitic steel, (b)HR6W austenitic alloy (AGH-UST)

More information may be asked to: Bogdan Rutkowski, (bogdan.rutkowski@agh.edu.pl) Aleksandra Czyrska-Filemonowicz (czyrska@agh.edu.pl) New materials for PEM fuel cell technologies at IK4-CIDETEC

IK4-CIDETEC is developing alternative fuel cell components for high temperature applications in the automotive industry, a project whose goal is a new generation of electrodes manufactured in Europe for electric vehicle of the future. The ARTEMIS FP7-JTI-FCH project “Automotive PEMFC range extender with high temperature improved MEAs and stacks”, also includes the participation of other members of KMM-VIN, as Politecnico di Torino and Centro Ricerche FIAT, among others European centres of reference in the field of energy conversion and storage.

High temperature fuel cells offer several advantages. First, they require fewer peripheral components, reducing the auxiliary power consumption. Furthermore, they have greater resistance to contaminants such as carbon monoxide, so that hydrogen can be fed with low quality compared to other types of fuel cells. Finally, this type of fuel cells offers high efficiency.

The contribution of IK4-CIDETEC to this project is the development of a new generation of fuel cell electrocatalysts with increased efficiency and durability, specifically tailored for high temperature operation.

The research consortium is working on applications facing the automotive industry, aiming at extending

the range of hybrid vehicles which also incorporate batteries for their propulsion.

More information may be asked to: Hans-Jürgen Grande,(hgrande@cidetec.es) New Facility at POLITO POLITO has recently acquired a Zeta Potential SurPASS - Electrokinetic Analyzer for Solid Samples – Anton PAAR. The SurPASS electrokinetic analyzer give surface information and interface analysis suitable to improve and adjust surface characteristics and to design new specialized material properties e.g. for polymers, textiles, ceramics, glass or surfactants.

Fig. 9. SurPASS analyzer (POLITO)

This instrument enables the investigation of electrokinetic effects at the solid/liquid interface for solids. By measuring the streaming potential or streaming current of macroscopic solids, the SurPASS provides the zeta potential as the primary information.

Zeta potential determination with the SurPASS is based on the measurement of streaming potential and streaming current. A dilute electrolyte is circulated through the measuring cell containing the solid sample, thus creating a pressure difference. A relative movement of the charges in the electrochemical double layer occurs and gives rise to the streaming potential. This streaming potential – or alternatively the streaming current – is detected by electrodes placed at both sides of the sample. The electrolyte conductivity, temperature and pH value are determined simultaneously.

The zeta potential is an interfacial property that is of great importance for understanding the behaviour of solid materials in contact with fluids. It gives insight into the charge and adsorption characteristics of solid surfaces

Application:

• Surface modification and fouling • Activation and adhesion • Cleaning and coating • Material functionalization

11

• Adsorption and desorption monitoring • Solid/liquid interaction • Membranes and filters • Polymers and composites • Semiconductors • Biomaterials • Biocompatibility testing • Synthetic and natural fibres and textiles • Cosmetics and surfactants • Mineral powders

More information may be asked to: silvia.spriano@polito.it

VGTU: Development of thermal insulating materials. Ecological thermal insulating structural lightweight material from hemp shives or fibres

Laboratory of Thermal Insulating Materials of Scientific Institute of Thermal Insulation (VGTU) has been paying great attention to development and testing of building materials from local renewable resources. Panel constructions, loose materials and composites are being developed. The project of the national scientific programme “Future Energy” ATE 07/2012, „Development and research of energy-saving materials and their application in building enclosures“ is conducted on this topic. Extremely favourable results were obtained in development of ecological thermal insulating and thermal insulating-structural composites. Fibres of flax, hemp and peat as well as hemp shives with different binders (sapropel, cement, starch) are used for such purposes. Obtained composites are used for multifunctional application – thermal insulation, sound absorption, supporting constructions and etc. For the development of composites, only ecological materials are used which in exploitation cycle of products are easily recyclable. Fibrous composites have thermal conductivity which varies from 0.034 W/(m·K) to 0.12 W/(m·K). While the composites from hemp shives – from 0,049 W/(m·K) to 0,120 W/(m·K), and compressive strength – 1.5-4.5 MPa. Low ratio of thermal conductivity and compressive strength is obtained because of cellular structure of hemp shives (Fig. 10).

Fig. 10. Porous microstructure of the hemp shives (VGTU)

Cellular structure of hemp shives ensures sufficient bonding with binding material. Because of the nature of primary characteristics of raw materials as well as suitably chosen technological processes, innovative, multifunctional, ecological products, having high thermal insulating, mechanical, moisture resistant, acoustical properties, are obtained.

More information may be asked to: Rimantas Kačianauskas rimantas.kacianauskas@vgtu.lt

NEWS FROM WG3: BIOMATERIALS

i) Structure of WG3

WG3 is presently composed of 25 KMM-VIN members. The WG is divided into 3 basic subgroups • Biomedical materials: traditional application • Biomedical materials: tissue engineering,

regenerative medicine and drug delivery • Biomimetic and natural materials

There is also a fourth “horizontal” group: • Fundamental engineering science approaches to

biomaterials

ii) Topic identified for collaborative research

At a previous meeting of the WG, it was agreed that the establishment of collaborations should follow two directions, e.g. bottom up and top-down approaches. An important decision was confirmed at the WG3 meeting in Brussels (19 Feb. 2014) in that a suggested topic to initiate collaborations within WG3 will be: “Development and Characterisation of Bioactive and Antibacterial Coatings”. This topic was identified as suitable since this is a general theme on which there is overlapping research expertise or interest by all partners encompassing areas such as: bioactive material synthesis, (including biopolymers, bioceramics, nanoparticles), coating technologies, characterisation of coatings: microstructural, physical, degradation, corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, as well as bioactivity assessment, drug delivery ability, cell biology assessment and antibacterial effects.

iii) 2nd Industrial Workshop (IW2)

The main activity carried out this last period was the 2nd KMM-VIN Industrial Workshop „Current Research, Industrial and Clinical Issues in Bone Implant Development”, which was held on May 21-22, 2014, at Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials (IFAM) in Bremen, Germany, chaired by Philipp Imgrund. The workshop included oral contributions from both members of KMM-VIN and external speakers. The progress in the fields of biodegradable implant materials, bone tissue engineering scaffolds and biofunctionalisation strategies was covered in addition to modelling approaches, methods of

12

implant characterisation, as well as presentations by industrial and clinical representatives (see detailed information in this Newsletter). Existing contacts between research groups were strengthened and new contacts were established, whereby, in addition to the discussion of common research threads, potential proposals for H2020 were identified as an important common interest. As a consequence, several project ideas are being already drafted. The activities of KMM-VIN in training, joint research and EU joint project opportunities related to WG3 were also discussed.

IW2. Oral presentations

Philipp Imgrund, Fraunhofer IFAM, Development and processing of degradable biomaterials for bone implants

Annelie Weinberg, Medical University of Graz, Current research issues in the development of magnesium implants Julia Matena, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Biocompatibility studies on porous magnesium and titanium implants using different polymer coatings for bone tissue engineering

Aldo R. Boccaccini, University Erlangen Nuremberg, Material innovations in bone tissue engineering scaffolds

Ingo Grunwald, Fraunhofer IFAM, Bio-functionalisation of implant surfaces

Pasquale Vena, Politecnico di Milano, Multilayered scaffolds for osteochondral substitutes

Kurosch Rezwan, University Bremen, Advanced bioceramic materials for bone implants

Christian Hellmich, Vienna University of Technology, „Universal“ laws in bone mechanics and biology, as a basis for computer-aided biomaterial design Wojciech Swieszkowski, Warsaw University of Technology, A scaffold-based tissue engineering approach to bone regeneration

Claudia Kleinhans, Fraunhofer IGB, Development of in-vitro assays for resorbable bone implants

Tobias Wolfram, KLS Martin, Industrial development of resorbable CMF implants

Raimund Jäger, Fraunhofer IWM, Mechanical performance of acrylic bone cements

Bernd Lethaus, University Hospital Aachen, Clinical issues and benefits of novel CMF implant materials

Michal Basista, Philipp Imgrund, Aldo Boccaccini, KMM-VIN Open Forum.

iv) Horizon 2020

As anticipated at the General Assembly in Brussels (February 2014) a number of relevant Calls within Horizon 2020 are suitable for research proposals in the new round of Calls 2014/2015 in which different partners of WG3 can be involved. An assessment of our (KMM-VIN) expertise and know-how is being conducted to realistically consider research projects within Horizon 2020, which will also require the collaboration with partners outside KMM-VIN.

Specific suggestions for joint project proposals can be sent to us (WG3 coordinators).

Aldo R. Boccaccini (University of Erlangen-Nuremberg); aldo.boccaccini@ww.uni-erlangen.de

Christian Hellmich (TU Vienna); Christian.Hellmich@tuwien.ac.at

New Biomaterials Laboratory at AGH-UST

Research on microstructure and chemical composition of metal based biomaterials by means of advanced scanning and transmission microscopy (SEM, TEM) as well as electron tomography (FIB-SEM) were done by Aleksandra Czyrska-Filemonowicz and her group at AGH-UST for many years. Currently, thanks to newly opened Biomaterials Laboratory (contact person: Joanna Karbowniczek, MSc.) it is possible to expand the scope of the research on the study of biocompatibility and bioactivity. Laboratory is fully equipped to perform and analyze in defined conditions in vitro cells culture experiments. NAMABIO: Characterization of porous antimicrobial coatings deposited on titanium alloys by micro-arc oxidation

A joint research between AGH University of Science and Technology (AGH-UST) and Istanbul Technical University (ITU) followed in the framework of COST MP1005 NAMABIO project is focused on surface modification of titanium alloys by deposition of porous coatings by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) method.

Surface of titanium based implants can be modified to improve their biocompatibility by many methods. Among them very interesting is micro-arc oxidation technique, as it allows to easily, quickly and efficiently deposit complex, porous coatings. Different types of coatings, changing solution composition and other process parameters were successfully deposited on CP-Ti, Ti6Al4V and Ti6Al7Nb alloys at ITU. Addition of Ca and P ions to the solution resulted in hydroxyapatite crystals formation in the outer layer of the coatings. Microstructure, chemical composition and adherence to the substrate of prepared samples were investigated at AGH-UST by means of scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), analytical- and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM, HRTEM) and scratch test. In all cases, deposited coatings were well attached to the substrate, highly porous and with layered structure. Directly at the substrate titanium dioxides phase was present, next the layer rich in Ca, P and Ti was observed and the outer surface of the coating was composed of hydroxyapatite crystals. Differences in thickness (in the range of 15-63 µm), adhesion (in the range of 9-22 N) and the microstructure of the coatings were observed depending on the parameters used in the MAO process.

13

Fig. 11. SEM images of hydroxyapatite crystals in the outer layer of the coating deposited by MAO on Ti6Al7Nb alloy (AGH-UST)

The MAO method permits for obtaining coating not only with increased biocompatibility and bioactivity of titanium alloys but also with antimicrobial properties. Currently work is concentrated on obtaining these antimicrobial properties by incorporation of silver into the coating structure. It can be achieved by adding silver acetate to the solution in the MAO process. The distribution and activity of the silver is under investigation. Biocompatibility and bioactivity in vitro tests of selected types of the porous coatings are in progress.

More information may be asked to: Joanna Karbowniczek, jkarbow@agh.edu.pl Aleksandra Czyrska-Filemonowicz, czyrska@agh.edu.pl NEWS FROM WG4: MODELLING

KMM-VIN Workshop on Modelling

The 4th KMM-VIN Industrial Workshop “Advanced Materials Modeling for Industrial Practice” will be held in Graz on 30th January 2015. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS AND RESULTS OF THE WG4 MEMBERS 1. BIOIRC - Bioengineering Research and

Development Center

Modelling of plaque progression in the coronary arteries

Plaque progression in the coronary arteries due to atherosclerosis has been modelled and simulated numerically. The 3D blood flow is governed by the Navier-Stokes equations, together with the continuity equation. Mass transfer within the blood lumen and through the arterial wall is coupled with the blood flow and is modelled by the convection-diffusion equation. LDL transport in lumen of the vessel is described by Kedem-Katchalsky equations. The inflammatory process is solved using three additional reaction-diffusion partial differential equations. We included in our 3D model fitting parameters with ODE and PDE system. For patients models we used ICAM for coronary arteries, LDL, Cholesterol/HDL, WSS. Numerical results (Fig. 12) have been compared with CT data obtained from a group of 28 patients

including de-novo, old-lesions and control patients. Computer simulated values for plaque area in the different cross-sections are close to the measurements with multi slice CT. Shear stress distributions for baseline and follow-up for these patients are given. Location of low WSS mostly denotes the plaque position. A good trend for plaque location and size can be found. Determination of plaque location and progression in time for a specific patient shows a potential benefit for future prediction of this vascular decease using computer simulation. This work will be presented at 11th World Congress on Computational Mechanics (WCCM XI), 5th European Conference on Computational Mechanics (ECCM V), 6th European Conference on Computational Fluid Dynamics (ECFD VI), July 20 - 25, 2014, Barcelona, Spain. (a)

(b)

(c)

Fig. 12. Specific patient coronary artery LAD a) Shear stress distribution; b) plaque volume position; c) plaque area percentage in the cross-section, comparison with CT measurements (BioIRC)

Modelling of the 3D Coiled Cochlea

We developed a three-dimensional coiled cochlea model. This model is compared with the straight box

14

Fig. 13. Distribution of the deformation for the coiled basilar membrane for excitation frequency of 1kHz (BioIRC)

model where we investigated nonlinear elasticity of the basilar membrane and acoustic wave propagation through the fluid. The response of coiled basilar membrane for excitation frequency of 1 kHz has been presented in Fig. 13. Geometry is very similar with real shape of basilar membrane. The position of peak in response and amplitude is almost the same as in uncoiled box model.

This work is supported in part by grants from Serbian Ministry of Education and Science III41007, ON174028 and FP7 ICT SIFEM 600933.

Modelling of Abdominal Aorta Aneurism Rupture

by Experimental Bubble Inflation Test

Aneurysm rupture is a biomechanical phenomenon that occurs when the mechanical stress acting on the inner wall exceeds the failure strength of the diseased aortic tissue. Besides numerous advantages in surgical and anaesthesiological management, emergency procedure leads to fatal outcome in 20-50% of those who reach hospital. Prediction of influence of dynamic blood flow on natural history of aneurysmatic disease and outcome of therapeutic procedures could contribute to treatment strategy and results. In this study we presented experimental design for estimation of the material property of real human aorta tissue from bubble inflation test. Then we investigated fluid-structure interaction of pulsatile blood flow in the specific patient three-dimensional model of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). Numerical predictions of blood flow patterns and nonlinear wall stresses in AAAs are performed in compliant wall anisotropic model using the finite element method.

Fig. 14. Experimental setup for bubble inflation test (left).

Tissue preparation and testing process (right). A. Tissue

tailoring; B. Plate for tissue with a circulated rubber to

improve contact; C., D, E, F. Tissue application and

colouring; G. Tissue in the container; H. Rupture of the

tissue recorded with camera (BioIRC)

These computational procedures together with experimental determination of the nonlinear material property could provide us more accurate assessment of aneurysm rupture risk.

Fig. 15. Wall shear stress distribution for Rem=300 at

t=0.31s (BioIRC)

More information may be asked to:

Nenad Filipovic, BioIRC Bioengineering Research

and Development Center’ Prvoslava Stojanovica 6,

34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; fica@kg.ac.rs

2. TU Graz Creep modelling

Institute of Materials Science and Welding is involved in various modelling activities related to creep phenomenon, in the projects like Z-Ultra and Hot Pipes. The development of appropriate models is indispensable to understand and describe the behaviour of materials under creep conditions to predict service life time. Physically based models have been developed in order to simulate creep curves and cavities growth. The creep model describes three types of dislocations: mobile and dipole and boundaries dislocations. The precipitation state is simulated using MatCalc software and is assumed to remain unchanged during creep. The results obtained from numerical simulation showed good correlation with experimental creep curves validating the model.

Fig. 16. Simulated and experimental creep curves of P91

steel (TUG)

The cavities growth is studied applying a physical growth model. The model showed a good correlation

15

with the experimental results up to secondary stage. The developed model can predict the growth of pores as a function of temperature and load during service up to secondary stage creep.

Fig. 17. Growth model and comparison of numerical

simulations with experimental results (TUG)

3. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University

(VGTU), Lithuania

Modelling of osteoporotic human lumbar

vertebra

In collaboration with a biomedical sector a multidisciplinary scientific project has been started aiming at investigation of the influence of mechanical degenerative properties on the bone health in case of osteoporosis disease. Numerical investigation includes strain and stress analysis for physiological vertical compression load ranging from 0 to 2800 N, under various degrees of bone tissue degradation. The influence of degenerative diseases onto mechanical properties of lumbar vertebra was simulated by varying the elasticity modulus of chancellors bone. The highest von Misses stresses occurred in the middle of the cortical shell on the front side of the model (Fig. 18). The obtained value was approximately 64 Map for HDO model under 0.75 Map load. It demonstrates that cortical shell carries the biggest part of load.

Fig. 18. Distribution von Misses stress in the HDO model under 0.75 Map load; B – section view; C – stress distribution in the cortical shell (VGTU)

The results showed that the maximum stress is close to the yield stress (64 Map) when compressive stresses for HDO exceeded 0.75MPa. In contrast, the maximum stress did not reach 70% of the yield stress even under 0.75MPa for the healthy bone (Fig. 19).

While the highest value of strain in whole vertebra model (2.5%) occurs in chancellors bone, especially near the interconnection of the cortical shell bounds with chancellors bone (Fig. 20).

The results obtained show the strong relationship between strain and ratio of degradation, expressed in elasticity modulus of compact and porous bone. The results coincide with the clinical observations and may to facilitate the corresponding clinical

Fig. 19. Maximum stress occurring due to the axial load (VGTU)

Fig. 20. Distribution of strain on the HDO model under 0.75 Map: A – section view; B – strain of the cortical shell (VGTU)

diagnostics: investigation of osteoporosis degree of bone and check of lumbar vertebra healthiness.

More information available in article: Saratov O.; Maknickas, A.; Kačianauskas, R. Modelling of osteoporotic lumbar vertebrae // Mechanika'2014: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference, 24-25, April, 2014, Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania. Kaunas: Technologija, 2014. ISSN 1822-2951. p. 14-19. Patient-specific simulation of the flow through the aortic valve

In a newly started multidisciplinary project, the numerical model of the flow through human aortic valve will be developed to investigate the low-flow/low-gradient aortic stenosis. The patient-specific geometry of the solution domain will be reconstructed from the 3D images scanned by relevant medical equipment. Differential Navier-Stokes equations will be solved by the finite volume method or finite element method taking into accounts the moving domain boundaries and patient-specific biomechanical parameters of the blood.

The results of the project might help to distinguish the true aortic stenosis from other cases, observed in clinical practice, and to reduce the high mortality of the patients with low-flow/low-gradient aortic stenosis.

16

Project is supported by the Research Council of Lithuania. Project duration: 2014-2016. 4. Institute of Mechanics, Bulgarian Academy

of Sciences (IMBAS) - New proposals for projects in the frame of KMM-VIN for H2020: looking for partners

Fracture and damage of nanostructured multifunctional composite materials

The subject of investigation are nanostructured multi-functional materials (e.g., nanocrystals, nanochannel arrays, nanocomposites containing coated nanowires, etc.), nanoscale structural elements (e.g., quantum dots, quantum wires, carbon nanotubes, nanorods, thin films, nanoparticles, nanoplates) and finally nanodevices used in telecom networks, plus nano-opto-electro-mechanical systems, nano-probes and nanosensors increasingly popular because of their unique mechanical, electronic and optical properties.

The aim is analytical, numerical and experimental modelling of damage, fracture and delamination processes in multifunctional nanostructured composite materials and structural elements based on them taking into consideration: • Different type of nanoheterogeneities -holes,

pores, inclusions, cracks, layers; • Different type of loadings as mechanical,

electrical, temperature, moisture and magnetic; • Interactions between different type of defects

under static and dynamic conditions. • Effects of arbitrary shape, number, size and

geometrical configurations. • The surface stress effect in mechanics of

nanostructured elements, including nanoparticles, nanowires, nanofilms, and heterogeneous multifunctional materials containing nanoscale inhomogeneities

• Reliability and safety zones of nanodevices with different industrial applications

The theoretical methodology is based on the multi-scale modeling. The presence of inclusions in materials affects their coupled (elastic-electric-magnetic-temperature-moisture) field at the local and the global scale and thus greatly influences their mechanical and physical properties. The study of multiple inclusions includes two aspects: (a) the local

coupled fields at the micro-scale and (b) the overall effective material parameters at the macro-scale.

The approach is in the frame of a classical continuum mechanics for the solid bulk, non-classical boundary conditions and localized constitutive equations for the matrix-heterogeneity interface in the framework of the Gurtin-Murdoch surface elasticity theory and linear fracture mechanics. Extension of this approach will be done for the studied coupled problems.

Expected results: A package of knowledge for damage, fracture and delamination processes in nanostructured multifunctional composite materials and structural elements based on an efficient methodology combining analytical, numerical and experimental tools developed, validated, verified and inserted in numerous simulations revealing new unknown physical and mechanical effects .

Innovative thin coatings protecting different industrial structures against bacterial infection, corrosion, thermal and moisture ascendancy.

The subject of investigations is thin film coatings protecting different industrial structures against bacterial infection, corrosion, thermal and moisture ascendancy.

Firstly, the aim is an analytical, numerical and experimental characterisation and modelling of fracture and damage processes in various industrial structures for better understanding the influence of the environment medium and the preventing role of thin monolithic or multilayer coatings on different substrate systems as well as on different metal alloys.

Secondly, in order to minimize fracture and damage in studied structures optimization, problems of the characterization of the thin film coatings are formulated and solved.

Expected results. The results obtained can serve for the development of innovative engineering metal alloys, corrosion resistance metal alloy coatings, thermal coating, antibacterial and anti-moisture coatings. The behaviour of different industrial structures (energy, automotive, etc) with preventing coatings will be investigated, validated and optimized.

17

KMM PROJECTS A new project proposal to Horizon 2020 call H2020-NMP-CSA-2014 with the title “The Alliance for Materials way to the creation of the MATerials Common House” (acronym MATCH) has been retained for funding and will start in Fall 2014 for the duration of 2.5 years, with the EC contribution of 2 M€. The MATCH consortium consists of 18 European organizations dealing with materials: CSM - coordinator, CEFIC, KMM-VIN, IOM3, Textile ETP, NANOfutures, TECNALIA, E-MRS, LSC, TEKNIKER, CEA, Tudor, CNR, Fraunhofer, FEMS, Spinverse, UNINOVA and EMIRI. MATCH is an evolution of the activities of A4M (Alliance for Materials) and its previous project MatVal CSA (7FP) currently executed by a subset of MATCH consortium (cf. www.matval.eu). During the past six months KMM-VIN has continued execution of two FP7 projects: INNVIN as the project coordinator and MatVal as a project partner. Also, there has been a number of projects of KMM-VIN members with other members involved as partners without KMM-VIN being included in the consortia, e.g. NAMABIO, GLaCERCo, ADMACOM. Such projects, although they do not generate revenues for KMM-VIN, are important for the integration of KMM-VIN partnership. INNVIN (FP7) - CSA project “Innovative materials solutions for Transport, Energy and Biomedical sectors by strengthening integration and enhancing research dynamics of KMM-VIN”. Coordinator: KMM-VIN (Michal Basista); started 1 Feb. 2012, duration 3 years. It involves KMM-VIN as the beneficiary and 21 of its members as third parties linked to KMM-VIN. The primary objective of INNVIN is to develop strategies for expanding of KMM-VIN and bringing it closer to the industry, while generating an income to enhance the financial viability of KMM-VIN. The INNVIN project has initiated a number of actions aimed at strengthening of KMM-VIN research integration and offerings for external customers, e.g. internal R&D projects within Working Groups, submission of new project proposals to H2020 calls, a series of KMM-VIN Industrial Workshops, KMM-VIN Specialised Courses for companies, recruitment of new members through information visits at companies, KMM-VIN Open Fora at Industrial Workshops, and KMM-VIN public webinars.

Project webpage: http://kmmvin.eu/node/103 MatVal (FP7) - CSA project “Alliance for Materials – A value chain approach to materials research and innovation”. KMM-VIN is a member in the consortium comprising 12 beneficiaries. The project started on 1st October 2012 for duration of 2 years. KMM-VIN’s role in MatVal is in developing strategies for boosting research. In the past 6 months KMM-VIN was in charge of the analysis of the survey results on “Barriers and critical bottlenecks in conducting innovative research on materials” and in organization of the Workshop “Developing strategies to boost Materials R&D in Europe” held in Lille (France) on 26 May 2014. Project webpage: http://www.matval.eu/ NAMABIO (COST Action) - “From nano to macro biomaterials (design, processing, characterization, modelling) and applications to stem cells regenerative and dental medicine”. The project 2011-2017 (COST Action MP1005: Materials, Physical and Nanosciences is coordinated

by UNIVPM and involves nine KMM-VIN members (UNIVPM, TUW, FRAUNHOFER-IFAM, FAU, AGH-UST, IMIM, WUT, BioIRC, UH). Project webpage: http://www.namabio.eu. GlaCERCo (FP7, Marie Curie) - ITN project “Glass and Ceramic Composites for High Technology Applications www.glacerco.eu. The Project is coordinated by POLITO (M. Ferraris), with 5 KMM-VIN members (POLITO, FAU, UNIPAD, IPM, MERL among its 10 partners. For recent results of the Project – see the column “News from WG2” ADMACOM (FP7, FoF) “Advanced manufacturing routes for metal/composite components for aerospace” – a "Factories of the Future" EU project (Public-Private Partnership). The project is coordinated by POLITO (Monica Ferraris) and involves three KMM-VIN members (POLITO, IFAM, EMPA). The aim of this project is to develop innovative manufacturing technologies based on advanced design of interfaces and of joining materials for aerospace components. It started in October, 2013 for a duration of three years. Project webpage: www.admacomproject.eu. MARS-EV (FP7) - “Materials for Ageing Resistant Li-ion High Energy Storage for the Electric Vehicle” a large-scale integrating project (2013-2017, 17 participants) is coordinated by IK4-CIDETEC, with a budget of above 9 M€. The project is aimed at design of materials and processes for a new generation of lithium ion (Li-ion) batteries for electric vehicles in Europe ESTEEM2 (FP7) - European network for electron microscopy "Enabling Science and Technology through European Electron Microscopy" – European project coordinated by CEMES Toulouse and University of Oxford started 1 October 2012 for 4 years. The project integrates 17 European electron microscopy laboratories (including International Centre of Electron Microscopy for Materials Science at AGH-UST, TUG, TUD) in European Research Infrastructure, which enables users to access the

18

most advanced electron microscopes. he Summer School on” Advanced Topics in Aberration-Corrected STEM” was held from 4 - 7 July 2014, at the SuperSTEM Laboratory, Daresbury, UK.

Project webpage: http://esteem2.eu

PneumoNP (FP7) - “Development of a theragnostic system for the treatment of lung Gram-negative bacterial infections” is a collaborative FP7 research project funded with a €5.7 million grant which started in Jan. 2014 for a duration of 4 years. The consortium consist of 11 partners with IK4-CIDETEC as the project coordinator It is aiming at the development of a theragnostic system for the treatment of lung Gram-negative bacterial infections In the materials related tasks of the project polymer nanoparticles will be synthesized to carry antimicrobial agents to the target site via inhalation. SHINE (FP7) – “Self-healing innovative elastomers for dynamic seals, damping and noise reduction” a cooperative R&D project (FP7-NMP-2012-SMALL-6) started in 2013 with participation of 12 partners including IK4-CIDETEC. The overall objective of SHINE is to develop a novel generation of elastomers that undergo spontaneous self-healing, leading to enhanced durability and reliability of the products made thereof (dynamic seals, shock absorbers, anti-vibration devices for vehicles, roads, railroads and bridges).

Project webpage: www.selfhealingelastomers.eu/

EFEVE (FP7, FoF) is a collaborative project targeted at a special group (such as SMEs): „Development of a new high performance material associated to a new technological Energetic, Flexible, Economical, Versatile and Ecological process to make super strong and lightweight components”. It started in November 2012 for the duration of 3.5 years, with funding of 4.9 M€; it is composed of 15 institutions, with TECNALIA as coordinator. The project is focused on the development of new nanoreinforced aluminium and magnesium alloys as well as new processes that may be suitable for such materials.

Project webpage: http://www.efeve.eu NAGCESA (FP7) – “Novel antiferroelectric glass-ceramics for energy storage applications’ - new project FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF (POLITO, Queen Mary Univ London, Nanoforce Ltd UK) –started in May 2014 at POLITO. Contact: (giuseppe.viola@polito.it

Innovative method dedicated to the development of a ferrite-pearlite grade regarding its machinability (EC Coal & Steel Research Fund) - project coordinated by ASCOMETAL, with participation of KMM-VIN member Centro Ricerche Fiat started in July 2014.

Center of Competence “Mechanics of New Materials, Biomechanical and Mechatronic Systems and Technologies” - Bulgarian National Project – organization of the Center of Competence including 8 Bulgarian universities, research institutes and industries headed by IMBAS (Vassil Kavardjikov)

COOPERATION

EuMaT - European Technology Platform on Advanced Engineering Materials and Technologies KMM-VIN was one of the founders of the European Technology Platform on Advanced Engineering Materials and Technologies (EuMaT) in 2004 and systematically contributed to its development. EuMaT is the only ETP on Materials recognized by the Commission for the period of Horizon 2020 Programme. Since 2008 KMM-VIN has provided EuMaT with in kind secretarial services and meeting facilities at its main office in Brussels. Currently, Michal Basista, Arnaldo Moreno, Rod Vanstone and Pedro Egizabal are members of the EuMaT Steering Committee. In addition Michal Basista serves as the EuMaT Secretary General and Arnaldo Moreno as the coordinator of WG4 on Knowledge-based Structural and Functional Materials. The engagement of KMM-VIN in EuMat ETP activities has been recognized and appreciated, i.a., by inviting KMM-VIN as partner in two CSA projects MatVal (FP7) and MATCH (H2020).

Alliance for Materials” (A4M) – a cluster of six European Technology Platforms (EuMaT, SusChem, Manufuture, FTC (TEXTILE), ESTEP, SMR) and two large European materials societies E-MRS and FEMS with the goal to develop, verify and implement effective coordination schemes of materials research across different sectors, in the frame of the EU research and innovation programmes. KMM-VIN is represented by Michal Basista in the A4M Management Board. The A4M partners have initiated and prepared tow successful CSA project proposals MatVal and MATCH described in KMM Projects column.

EMIRI - the Energy Materials Industrial Research Initiative is a tangible implementation of the roadmap on energy materials of the SET Plan (see www.emiri.eu for more detail). KMM-VIN has joined EMIRI as a non-voting member (no membership fee) because the EMIRI development may be of interest for KMM-VIN WG2. Materials for Energy. Closer cooperation links between KMM-VIN and EMIRI will be established in the near future through the project MATCH where the two organizations are partners in the consortium.

19

KMM-VIN RESEARCH FELLOWSHIPS and TRAININGS

Call for Research Fellowships 2014

The KMM Mobility Programme awards Research Fellowships on competitive basis for PhD-students and early stage researchers from the KMM-VIN member institutions to do research at other KMM-VIN member institutions.

The 6th call of KMM-VIN Research Fellowships was closed on March 31, 2014. The submitted 15 applications within total 22 requested person months were reviewed by the Research Fellowship Committee, consisting of the Chair of the KMM-VIN Mobility Programme and Coordinators of the KMM-VIN Working Groups. According to the regular KMM-VIN budget 2014, six person months could be granted in this call. Because of the large number of applications, the KMM-VIN Board of Directors decided to spend two more person months for this call

Joint publications of the fellowship holder and the host are expected as a result of the KMM-VIN Research Fellowship within 12 months after the research stay completion. The up-to-date published papers resulting are listed on www.kmm-vin.eu and can be accessed using the following link: http://aisbl.kmm-vin.eu/node/444

The following applicants were granted with the KMM-VIN Research Fellowships in the 6th call

*Appendino Grant

Specialized Courses offered by KMM-VIN members

KMM-VIN offers a series of specialized courses/trainings for our potential clients. Details of this offer have been elaborated and will be found in consecutively updated form at our website www.kmm-vin.eu (Specialized Courses). The contents and organizational details of each course will be shaped by the KMM-VIN member following requirements of the client. An updated but still preliminary list of Specialised Courses includes (for acronyms see the last pages of this Newsletter) :

AGH-UST

• Materials for energy systems and advanced steam power plants

AGH-UST/TECNALIA

• Microstuctural analysis and characterization by microscopy and tomography

BIOIRC

• Tissue engineering: biomaterials and cardiovascular systems

FAU

• Composite materials • Biomaterials

• Nanomaterials

IMBAS

• Material characterization via depth sensing indentation tests

• Modelling & numerical simulations of multiphase composites

• Advanced multiphase and multi-scale material modelling

IMIM

• Stress analysis of texturized materials by X-ray diffraction technique

IOD

• Materials for energy systems and advanced steam power plants

IPPT

• Sintering of metal-ceramic composites: Modelling of the process, measurement and prediction of residual stresses and mechanical properties

Applicant Host Duration (months)

Start date

E .Plesiutschnig (TUG)*

A. Czyrska –Filemonowicz (AGH-UST)

0.5 14-09-14

M. Staszczak (IPPT)

H.-J. Grande (CIDETEC)

1 14-09-16

Q. Chen (FAU)

H.-J. Grande (CIDETEC)

1.5 14-09-01

S. Habisch (TUC)

R. Ebner (MCL) 0.5 14-09-01

S. Pawlak (IMIM)

Ch. Hellmich (TUW) 2 14-10-01

O. Trzaska (WRUT)*

M. Ferrarris (POLITO)

1.5 14-10-01

A.G. Sabato (POLITO)

A..Czyrska –Filemonowicz (AGH-UST)

1 14-10-13

J. Karbowniczek (AGH-UST)

A. R. Boccaccini (FAU) 2 14-10-13

20

ISPL

• International Welding Engineer/European Welding Engineer

• International Welding Technologist/European Welding Technologist

• International Welding Specialist/European Welding Specialist)

LU

• Adhesive Bonding • Sustainable Use of Materials • Plastics Processing Technology • Rubber Compounding and Processing • International Welding Technologist/European

Welding Technologist • International Welding Specialist/European Welding

Specialist)

POLIMI

• Constitutive models for biomaterials and biological tissues

• Experimental techniques for biomaterials and biological tissues

POLITO

• Advanced characterization techniques

R-TECH

• Risks in industry • Asset/plant Oriented Risk Management • Health, Safety, Security, and Environment • Risk Governance • Risk Based Inspection

UH

• Repair of aerospace composites

UPM

• Microstructured auxetic materials (negative Poisson ratio)

• Microstructured materials with fractal geometries • Lattice structures and Boolean operations for

advanced devices

PERSONALIA

Aldo R. Boccaccini was: Co-editor of the books:

- "Tissue Engineering Using Ceramics and Polymers", 2nd Edition, Woodhead / Elsevier

- "Ceramics for Environmental and Energy Applications II", American Ceramic Society and J. Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ (2014).

Program Chair of the 10th International Conference on Medical Applications of Novel Biomaterials and Nano-biotechnology, June 16-19, 2014, in Montecatini Terme, Italy.

Aldo R. Boccaccini has been included in the Thomson Reuters Highly Cited

Researcher 2014 list and, as a member of this list, has been also included in the report: "2014 The World's Most Influential Scientific Minds". Details in: http://sciencewatch.com/grr/presenting-highly-cited-researchers

awarded with the "Materials Best Paper Award 2014-Category Reviews", instituted by the journal “Materials”

The Institute of Biomaterials (Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, FAU) headed by Aldo R. Boccaccini is celebrating its 5th anniversary by a series of seminars and two symposia “5 Years of Biomaterials Erlangen” and “2nd Erlangen Symposium on Biomaterials: Challenges for the 21st Century”, to be held on 19 Nov. 2014 at Dept. Materials Science and Engineering in Erlangen. The five years of Biomaterials FAU has been a true success-story with more than 100 Bachelor and Master theses completed and over 100 research papers published.

Jan Bonarski published a book „Measurement and use of texture-stress characteristics of the microstructure in materials diagnostics” (in Polish), IMIM-PAN, Cracow (2013).

Monica Ferraris (POLITO) presented an invited talk “Joining of SiC-based Materials for Nuclear Applications” at CIMTEC 2014, 13th International Ceramics Congress, Montecatini Terme, Italy, 8-13 June 2014.

Peter Mayr has been awarded the Koichi Masubuchi Award by the American Welding Society (for details see “What’s new in WG2” column).

21

KMM-VIN Members

(Institutions)

CORE MEMBERS

1. AGH-UST AGH-University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland 2. BioIRC Bioengineering Research and Developing Centre, Kragujevac, Serbia 3. CIDETEC Fundacion CIDETEC, Donostia/SanSebastián, Spain

4. CISM Lab Centro Internazionale di Scienze Meccaniche Spin-off, Udine, Italy

5. DPS Doosan Power Systems Ltd, Crawley, UK 6. EMINATE Eminate Ltd, Nottingham, UK 7. FRAUNHOFER Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V

- IFAM Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing and Advanced Materials, Bremen, Germany - IFAM-DD Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing and Advanced Materials, Dresden, Germany - IWM Fraunhofer Institute for Mechanics of Materials, Freiburg, Germany 8. IMBAS Institute of Mechanics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sophia, Bulgaria 9. IMIM Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Pol. Acad. Sciences, Cracow, Poland 10. IMRSAS Institute of Materials Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Kosice, Slovakia

11. INTA lnstituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial, Torrejón de Ardoz, Spain 12. IOD Foundry Research Institute, Cracow, Poland

13. IPM Institute of Physics of Materials, Brno, Czech Republic 14. IPPT Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Pol. Acad.Sciences, Warsaw, Poland 15. ISPL Instytut Spawalnictwa, Gliwice, Poland 16. ITC Instituto de Tecnología Cerámica - AICE, Castellón, Spain 17. ITeE-PIB Institute for Sustainable Technologies, Radom, Poland 18. ITME Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Warsaw, Poland

19. MCL Werkstoff-Kompetenzzentrum-Leoben Forschungsgesellschaft m.b.H. (Materials Centre Leoben), Leoben, Austria

20. MERL Element Materials Technology Ltd, Hitchin, Hertfordshire, UK 21. ONERA Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches Aérospatiales, Chatillon, France 22. POLIMI Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy 23. POLITO Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy 24. R-TECH Steinbeis Advanced Risk Technologies GmbH, Stuttgart, Germany 25. TECNALIA Fundación Tecnalia, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain 26. TUD Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany 27. TUG Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria 28. TUW Technische Universität Wien, Wien, Austria

29. UH University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Herts, UK 30. UNIPAD Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy 31. UNIVPM Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy 32. UPM Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain 33. WRUT Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw, Poland 34. WUT Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland

22

ASSOCIATE MEMBERS

1. ALSTOM Alstom Power Ltd., Rugby, UK

2. BEG Böhler Edelstahl GmbH & Co KG, Kapfenberg, Austria

3. BSGA Böhler Schweißtechnik Austria GmbH, Kapfenberg, Austria

4. BUDERUS Buderus Edelstahl GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany

5. CRF Centro Ricerche FIAT, Orbassano, Italy

6. CSM Centro Sviluppo Materiali S.p.A., Rome, Italy

7. DTU DTU Mechanical Engineering, Lyngby, Denmark

8. EMPA Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland

9. E.ON E.ON New Build & Technology Ltd., Coventry, UK

10. ETE Energietechnik Essen GmbH, Essen, Germany

11. EU-VRi European Virtual Institute for Integrated Risk Management, Stuttgart, Germany

12. FAU Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany

13. GSCLtd Goodwin Steel Castings Ltd, Hanley, UK

14. KEMA KEMA Nederland BV, Arnhem, Netherlands

15. LU Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK

16. MPA Materialprüfungsanstalt Universität Stuttgart, Germany

17. NPLML NPL Management Limited, Teddington, UK

18. SIEMENS Siemens AG, München, Germany

19. SIEMENSTurbo Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB, Finspong, Sweden

20. SSF Saarschmiede GmbH Freiformschmiede, Völklingen, Germany

21. SUT Slovak University of Technology, Trnava, Slovakia

22. SVUM SVÚM a.s., Prague, Czech Republic

23. SWG Schmiedewerke Gröditz GmbH, Gröditz, Germany

24. SZMF Salzgitter Mannesmann Forschung GmbH, Duisburg, Germany

25. TUC Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany 26. TUDD Technische Universität Dresden, Germany 27. TUBAF TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Germany 28. UCM Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain

29. VAGL Voestalpine Giesserei Linz GmbH, Linz, Austria

30. VGTU Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius, Lithuania

31. V&MD Vallourec & Mannesmann Tubes, V&M Deutschland GmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany

32. VSB Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic

33. VTT VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland

34. VZU Výzkumný a zkušební ústav Plzeň s.r.o., Plzeň, Czech Republic

European Virtual Institute on Knowledge-based Multifunctional Materials (KMM-VIN AISBL) rue du Trône 98, 1050 Brussels, Belgium Phone: +32 2 213 4160, Fax: +32 2 791 5536, email: office@kmm-vin.eu http://www.kmm-vin.eu

KMM-VIN Remote Office Warsaw: c/o IPPT PAN, Pawińskiego 5 B, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland Phone: +48 22 826 2522, Fax: +32 2 791 5536

Newsletter Editor: Marek Janas, Marek.Janas@kmm-vin.eu http://newsletter.kmm-vin.eu