kingdom plants classification grade 5 6 (1)

7/25/2019 Kingdom Plants Classification Grade 5 6 (1)

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Kingdom Plantae Classifcation

The Kingdom Plantae contains about billion types of plants species and itwas very dicult to identify dierent types of species. Many biologists

contributed in classifying dierent plants species in to their separate

kingdom.

Based on their classication! plants are divided into the four main groups.

These classications was based on

The presence of vascular tissue.

The absence of vascular tissue.

The presence of seeds.

The absence of seeds.

"ascular tissue and the seeds are mainly considered as they play a vital

role in#

"ascular tissue helps in transporting substances $water! minerals and

sugars% throughout the plant.

&eeds are structures! which contains an embryo that helps in storing food.

BRYOPHYTA:MOSSES PTERIDOPHYTAE: FERS

!"P#$l%m B&$o'#$ta(Mosses): on*+asc%la& Plants

Mosses and ,allies-. o& &elated s'ecies$Bryophytaand allies%
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Mosses or bryophytaare non'vascular. They are an important foundation

plant for the forest ecosystem and they help prevent erosion by carpeting

the forest (oor. )ll bryophyte species reproduce by spores not seeds!

never have (owers! and are found growing on the ground! on rocks! and

on other plants.

*riginally grouped as a single division orphylum! the +,!--- bryophyte

species are now grouped in three divisions# Mosses (Bryophyta)!

iverworts (Hepatophyta)! and /ornworts (Anthocerotophyta). )lso

included among the non'vascular plants isChlorophyta ! a kind of fresh'

water algae.

They are non'vascular land plants! which do not contain anyconducting tissues and are often referred to as bryophytes.

These plants are small! grow close to the ground and includemosses and liverworts.

They are very small in structure and are considered as importantmembers of our ecosystem.

The reproduction process is carried in their spores. They are non

(owering plant and are found mainly growing on the ground! onother plants and on rocks.

They play a vital role in preventing soil erosion.

P#$l%m /&$o'#$tae.g.# Mosses! iverworts and /ornworts.
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Mosses

0" P#$l%m Pte&ido'#$tae(Fe&ns) : "ascular Plants with &pores

Fe&ns and allies$Pteridophytaand allies%

0nlike mosses! ferns and related species have a vascular system! but like

mosses! they reproduce from spores rather than seeds. The ferns are the

most plentiful plant division in this group! with 1+!--- species. *ther

divisions $the fern allies% include 2lub mossesor ycopods

$ycopodiophyta% with 1!--- species! /orsetails$34uisetophyta% with ,-

species! and 5hisk ferns $Psilophyta% with 6 species.

They are seedless vascular plants! which contain vascular tissues

but do not produce seeds.

They are involved in transportation of (uids.

The reproduction process is carried by spores.

P#$l%m 'te&ido'#$taee.g.# horsetails! ferns and club mosses.

Ho&setails
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1"P#$l%m 2$mnos'e&ms# +asc%la& Plants 3it# Seeds

Coni4e&s and allies$Coniferophytaand allies%

2onifersand allies $Coniferophytaand allies% 2onifers reproduce

from seeds! but unlike plants like blueberry bushes or (owers where

the fruit or (ower surrounds the seed! conifer seeds $usually cones%

are 7naked.8 9n addition to having cones! conifers are trees or shrubs

that never have (owers and that have needle'like leaves. 9ncluded

among conifers are about :-- species including pines! rs! spruces!

cedars! ;unipers! and yew. The conifer allies include three small

divisions with fewer than +-- species all together#


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Phylum gymnosperms e.g# palms! carpet lawns! etc.

Palms

5"P#$l%m Angios'e&ms:Flo3e&ing Plants(Magnoliophyta)

The vast ma;ority of plants $around +6-!---% belong to this category!

including most trees! shrubs! vines! (owers! fruits! vegetables! and

legumes. Plants in this category are also called angiosperms. They dier

from conifers because they grow their seeds inside an ovary! which is

embedded in a (ower or fruit.

)ngiosperms are (owering plants! which develops the seeds withina protective structure.

The reproduction process is carried by )ngiosperm.

They develop their seeds within an ovary! which itself is embedded

in a (ower. )fter the stage of fertili>ation! the (ower falls and theovary bulges to become a fruit.
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)ngiosperms have two types# Monocot and ?icot.

Monocot begins with a single seed'leaf. The main veins of theirleaves are usually parallel and unbranched. Monocot plays animportant role in providing us with our primary sources of nutrition!which includes grains! fruits! etc.

?icot grows into two seed'leaves $cotyledons%.

)n angiosperms leaf consists of a single! branched! main vein! whichoriginates from the base of the leaf blade. 9n few plants! it may alsoconsist of four or more main veins diverging from the same base.


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Phylum angiosperms e.g.# trees! shrubs! vines and (owers.

"ines

kingdom plants classification grade 5 6 (1)

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