TECHNOLOGY INPUTS FOR KHADI CLUSTER ACTIVITY

Prof. R.B.Chavan

Former Professor, IIT Delhi

Consultant

Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Rural industrialization

Wardha (Maharashtra)

AIMS OF CLUSTER DEVELOPMENTS

1. TO START SUITABLE MANUFACTURING ACTIVITY

3. EMPLOYEMNT GENERATION

4. ENHANCING THE EANGRNING OF INDIVIDUALS

5. USE OF LOCAL RAW MATERIALS

6. VALUE ADDITION OF LOCAL RAW MATERIALS

7. PREVENTING THE MIGRATION OF LOCAL

POPULATION TO CITIES

8. DEVELOPMENT OF REGION OF CLUSTER ACTIVITY

VALUE ADDITION

CONVERSION OF RAW MATERIAL TO VALUE ADDED SALEABLE PRODUCT

EXAMPLE ORANGE OR ANY FRUIT ITSELF IS SALABLE

PRODUCT

VALUE ADDITION OF ORANGE OR ANY FRUIT

EXTRACTION OF FRUIT JUICE

FRUIT JUICE WILL FETCH MORE PRICE

THIS IS WHAT IS KNOWN AS VALUE ADDITION

EXTRACTION OF JUICE FROM FRUIT WILL ALSO CREATE EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES

WHAT IS NEEDED

SUITABLE EQUIPMENT FOR EXTRACTION OF JUICE FROM FRUIT

SKILL FOR THE OPERATION OF MACHINE

KNOWLEDGE FOR THE REPAIR OF MACHINE

SALE THE FRUIT LOCALLY AS SOON AS IT IS EXTRACTED

OR

PACK THE JUICE AND SALE IT LOCALLY OR OTHER PLACES

THE PROCESS OF EXTRACTION OF JUICE FROM FRUIT IS KNOWN AS

MANUFACTRING OF JUICE

MASS PRODUCTION AND PRODUCTION BY MASSES

MASS PRODUCTION

MANUFACTRING OF PRODUCT ON LARGE SCALE BY USING SOPHISTICATED MACHINE AND BY USING MINIMUM MANPOWER

• LARGE PRODUCTION

• MINIMUM EMPLOYMENT GENERATION

• LARGE CAPITAL INVESTMENT

• LARGE SPACE

• EASY TO MAINTAIN QUALITY OF PRODUCT

PRODUCTION BY MASSES

MANUFACTURING ON SMALL SCALE

IS IT POSSIBLE TO DO LARGE SCALE PRODUCTION BY USING THE PRINCIPLE OF

PRODUCTION BY MASSES

YES

SMALL SCALE PRODUCTION OF SAME PRODUCT AT DIFFERENT PLACES BY THE GROUP OF PEOPLE

THIS MODEL IS KNOWN AS CLUSTER ACTIVITY

MANUFACTURE OF KHADI IS TYPICAL EXAMPLE OF CLUSTER ACTIVITY

STEPS INVOLVED IN KHADI MANUFACTURE

DEFINITION

CLOTH PRODUCED BY HAND SPINNING AND HAND WEAVING

FIBRES USED

• COTTON

• SILK

• WOOL

STEPS INVOLVED IN COTTON KHADI PRODUCTION

RAW MATERIAL COTTON FROM FIELD

GINNING: REMOVAL OF COTTON SEEDS

CONVERSION OF FIBRE INTO ROVING

CONVERSION OF ROVING INTO YARN (SPINNING)

CONVERSION OF YARN INTO FABRIC (WEAVING)

DYEING

PRINTING

FINISHING

GARMENT MANUFACTURE

LARGE NUMBER OF STEPS

GOOD PRODUCT FOR CLUSTER ACTIVITY

VALUE ADDITION AT EACH STEP

GINNING : REMOVAL OF COTTON SEEDS

GINNED COTTON IS EXPENSIVE THAN COTTON WITH SEEDS

FIBRE TO ROVING VALUE ADDITION

ROVING TO YARN VALUE ADDITION

YARN TO FABRIC VALUE ADDITION

FABRIC DYEING, PRINTING, FINISHING VALUE ADDITION

FABRIC TO GARMENT VALUE ADDITION

SCOPE FOR CLUSTER ACTIVITY

GINNING

MACHINE REQUIRED ONE (GINNING MACHINE)

EMPLOYMENT GENERATION UPTO 5 PERSONS

FIBRE TO ROVING

MACHINES REQUIRED FIVE

EMPLOYMENT GENERATION MORE THAN 10 PERSONS

ROVING TO YARN (SPINNIG)

MACHINE REQUIRED ONE (AMBER CHARKHA)

EMPLOYMENT GENERATION ONE PERSON PER CHARKHA

EACH OF FOLLOWING ACTIVITIES CAN BE CARRIED OUT IN CLUSTER

YARN TO FABRIC (WEAVING)

MACHINE USED HANDLOOM

EMPLOYMENT GENERATION

1-2 PERSONS PER LOOM + WHOLE FAMILY FOR OTHER WEAVING RELATED WORK

FABRIC DYEING, PRINTING, FINISHING

MACHINES USED 3-5

EMPLOYMENT GENERATION

3-5 PERSONS FOR EACH ACTIVITY

GARMENT STICHING

MACHINES GARMENT STITCHING MACHINE

EMPLOYMENT GENERATION

1 PERSON PER STITCHING MACHINE + PERSONS FOR CLOTH CUTING AND GARMENT PRESSING

TECHNICAL INPUTS REQUIRED

• KNOWLEDGE OF PROCESS PARAMETERS

• MACHINE REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE

• QUALITY ASSURANCE

• PRODUCT DEVELOPMNT

• MARKETING

TECHNICAL INPUTS AVAILABLE

FROM

MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF RURAL INDUSTRIALIZATION

QUALITY ASSURANCE MANUALQUALITY ASSURANCE MANUAL

ESSENTIAL TO SET UP QUALITY ASSURANCE LABORATORIES IN DIFFERENT ZONES

BOOKLET ON FINISHING OF KHADI GARMENTS

TECHNOLOGY OF DYEING OF KHADI WITH NATURAL DYES

TECHNOLOGY OF MERCERIZATION OF KHADI YARN

TECHNOLOGY READY FOR TRANSFER

TECHNOLOGY READY FOR TRANSFER