“key facts about lng as marine fuel and bunkering procedures” · pdf...
TRANSCRIPT
“Key Facts about LNG as Marine Fuel and Bunkering Procedures”
LNG Bunkering
Singapore, 26th June 2013
Content
• Short Company Introduction
• LNG basics
• Small LNG Carriers and LNG tanks
• Bunker supply chain
• LNG fuel gas systems
• Conclusions
LNG Bunkering Singapore - June 2013 2
TGE Company Profile
‘TGE Marine is a long established market leader in the design and construction of
cargo handling systems for ships and offshore units carrying liquefied
cryogenic gases
(LNG, LPG and petrochemical gases)’
• Personnel: approx. 65 engineers & specialists plus temporary staff
• Main Office: Mildred-Scheel-Str. 1, 53175 Bonn, Germany
• Branch Office in Shanghai, China
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Cargo handling systems and cargo tanks for Gas Carriers
• LPG carriers, CO2 carriers
• Ethylene carriers
• LNG carriers
Cargo handling systems for Offshore units
• FSO/FPSO for LPG
• FSRU and FPSO for LNG
• CO2 liquefaction, storage and offloading units
Business activities and expertise
LNG Bunkering Singapore - June 2013
TGE Company Profile
4
Fuel Gas Systems for seagoing vessels
• Fuel gas supply systems
• Fuel gas tanks
• RoRo, Container, Ferries, …
• Bunker Barges, Bunker Boats
LNG Bunkering Singapore - June 2013
TGE Company Profile
5 Cooperation with IPP/Technolog
Content
• Short Company Introduction
• LNG basics
• Small LNG Carriers and LNG tanks
• Bunker supply chain
• LNG fuel gas systems
• Conclusions
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LNG Bunkering Singapore - June 2013
LNG Basics
7
• Water boiling at atmospheric pressure: 100 °C
• LNG boiling at atmospheric pressure: about -163 °C
• Higher pressure increases boiling temperature for both (pressure & temperature always related to each other)
LNG Bunkering Singapore - June 2013
LNG Basics
8
Case\%mole Methane Ethane Propane Butane Nitrogen Pentane+
1 88,4436 8,7027 2,4287 0,0506 0,3542 0,0202
2 91,23 4,3 2,95 1,4 0,12 0
3 90,4271 5,2016 2,8008 1,5004 0,07 0
4 97,7 1,8 0,22 0,2 0,08 0
5 84,8215 13,3887 1,3399 0,28 0,17 0
6 93,4 6,5 0,1 0 0 0
7 97,2 2,3 0,3 0,2 0 0
8 91,0991 5,5106 2,4802 0,88 0,03 0
9 89,3747 7,1436 2,2211 1,1706 0,08 0,01
10 99,7003 0,0999 0 0,1 0,0999 0
IGF Example 89,4895 6,3063 2,8028 1,3014 0,0501 0,0501
Influence on density, temperature, heat value, Methane number
Content
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• Short Company Introduction
• LNG basics
• Small LNG Carriers and LNG tanks
• Bunker supply chain
• LNG fuel gas systems
• Conclusions
LNG Bunkering Singapore - June 2013
19-May-2010 „Coral Methane“ loading at Zeebrugge, First loading of a small carrier at a large import terminal.
Small LNG Carriers
10
LNG Bunkering Singapore - June 2013
• Up to 8,000 cbm per tank cylindrical tanks
• Up to 15,000 cbm bilobe tanks (patented supports)
• Ship sizes up to 50,000 cbm have been studied
• Tank pressure 2.7 to 4.0 barg
• BOG handling by pressure increase or fuel gas consumption
• Combined carriers (LPG/Ethylene/LNG)
Small LNG Carriers
11
LNG Bunkering Singapore - June 2013
• Membrane tanks embedded in ship structure
• Independent types IMO A,B and C
• Type A (prismatic) and B (prismatic, spherical …), typically low pressure
• Type C (cylindrical, bilobe), pressure vessel & crack propagation, proven system easy to build and operate
LNG tank systems
12
Why using type C tanks for small/medium LNG carriers?
• Current designs from 1,000 to 50,000 m³
• IMO type C to allow for:
• partial loading • no secondary barrier • High loading/discharge rates • Pressure build-up possible • Separate construction and easy installation • Multiple cargoes • wide range of volume per single tank
• Flexibility in BOG handling:
• Dual fuel propulsion • pressure build-up • reliquefaction
• Arrangement to fit small and large terminals
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Small LNG Carriers
LNG Bunkering Singapore - June 2013
Tank Insulation
• Vacuum insulation for small cylindrical tanks (mainly fuel tanks)
• PS or PU preformed slabs covered by steel sheets, allow for conical and bilobe shapes
• PU foam covered by polymeric protection layer
• Special panels for increased insulation efficiency
• Choice depending on requirements (operation/consumption schedule, possible tank shape)
LNG tank insulation
14
LNG Bunkering Singapore - June 2013
Content
15
• Short Company Introduction
• LNG basics
• Small LNG Carriers and LNG tanks
• Bunker supply chain
• LNG fuel gas systems
• Conclusions
LNG Bunkering Singapore - June 2013
30,000 m³ LNG FSRU / floating bunker hub - Feed study
Bunker supply infrastructure
16
• Trucks
• Feeder Vessels (small/medium LNGC/ATB)
• Hub Terminals (on-/offshore)
• Bunker Vessels
• Bunker Terminals
• Mobile Tanks
• Today‘s bunkering: “truck and hose“ solutions
• Requirements for future operations:
• High loading rates due to tight time schedule
• Large total amount of LNG for larger vessels
• Safe but easy handling of heavy equipment
• Dry-break emergency couplings
• Bunkering during cargo operations
• This will only be possible with bunker vessels coming alongside or dedicated bunker terminal for some ship types (tankers)
• Regulations and standards for the bunker interface and related operations are currently being prepared by several international working groups => ISO/OGP specification is online
LNG Bunkering
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LNG Bunkering
Open items to be covered:
• interface definition: Dry break, quick connect couplings, standard?
• vapour return as standard?
• SIMOPS: Bunkering LNG in parallel with cargo handling
• data interface: ESD shore connection like LNGC, further info like pumping rate, tank level/pressure…
• measurement of quantity and quality (heat value, Methane number)
• Inerting – where does Nitrogen come from, where does gas mix go to? No venting!
• Additional services: heel out & warm up of tanks, inerting & purging of tanks
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Content
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• Short Company Introduction
• LNG basics
• Small LNG Carriers and LNG tanks
• Bunker supply chain
• LNG fuel gas systems
• Conclusions
Auxiliary systems:
• Water-glycol heating system
• Inert gas system
• Vent / ventilation
• Valve remote operation
• Safety systems
• Automation & control
Containment system (Tank)
Bunker connection
Supply to engines
Master gas fuel valve
Fuel gas conditioning (pump, vaporizer…)
LNG fuel gas systems – basic components
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• Focus on ECA/SECA areas like North Sea, Baltic & North America
• Tank space is a challenge for designers to reduce loss of cargo space
• relatively easy for tanker/chemical or gas carrier on open deck, also retrofit
• small container feeder: first bay in front of bridge loosing cargo space
• medium size container vessel: first bay or open deck aft of accomodation
• large container vessel (two island): below accommodation block?
• ferry/cruise liner: below deck following B/5 restriction
• RoRo/RoPax: mobile tanks, esp. for retrofits
RoRo-Vessel with mobile fuel gas supply – Design Study Flensburger Schiffbau, MAN, TGE
LNG fuel gas systems – basic aspects
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• Highly-efficient vacuum insulation
• Equipment inside “cold box”
• Bottom outlet to feed tank vaporizer
• Tank operation pressure 6 to 8 barg
• Tank design pressure 8 to 10 barg
LNG fuel gas systems – vacuum tank with “cold box”
Source: Cryo AB
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• Type C single shell foam insulated tank
• Bilobe or conical shape possible
• Pump inside, all outlets on top
• Tank operation pressure 0 to 3 barg
• Tank design pressure about 4 barg
• Equipment in ventilated processing room in
flexible arrangement
LNG fuel gas systems – basic TGE system
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• 2 stroke DF engines (Diesel cycle) require
high injection pressure (150 – 300 barg)
• HP pumps and HP heater
• Tank design pressure 4 barg
• Low pressure consumer available?
• Booster pump inside tank also for supply to
aux. engines
LNG fuel gas systems – two stroke engines
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Content
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• Short Company Introduction
• LNG basics
• Small LNG Carriers and LNG tanks
• Bunker supply chain
• LNG fuel gas systems
• Conclusions
• LNG as fuel is an environmentally friendly and commercially attractive way of
ship’s propulsion
• Technical solutions for LNG supply infrastructure and on-board storage and
processing are available
• Small LNG carriers are part of an existing and quick developing market, driven by
LNG supply to remote areas and LNG as ships fuel
• Excellent safety record of LNG business and proven safety systems are limiting
risks – if correctly applied and executed also to the LNG as fuel market!
• Development of bunkering infrastructure and regulatory framework is the main
challenge
CONCLUSIONS
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For further information please email:
Jürgen Harperscheidt
Sales Manager
www.tge-marine.com