8/18/2019 Ken Paxton and Dallas Citizens Council Defend Dallas in Exxxotica Case

1/23

 

c

CE R@H XECRHB ^RKRH^ BC^R_CNR NMX_RGM_ R@H EM_R@H_E BC^R_CNR MG RHPK^

BKJJK^ BCWC^CME

R`rhh Hxpm Hvhets, J.J.N.,

 Tjkcetcgg ,

v.

Ncty mg Bkjjks, ht kj.,

 Bhghebkets.

§§§§§§§§§

NCWCJ KNRCME EM.>9;7-NW-448;>-B

O_CHG MG R@H ^RKRH MG RHPK^ KEB R@H BKJJK^ NCRCYHE^ NMXENCJK^ KFCNC NX_CKH  CE ^XTTM_R MG BHGHEBKER^ KEB CE MTTM^CRCME RM

TJKCERCGG–^ FMRCME GM_ K T_HJCFCEK_S CEIXENRCME

Lhe TkxtmeKttmrehy Ahehrkj mg Rhxks

Ihggrhy N. FkthhrGcrst Ksscstket Kttmrehy Ahehrkj

^nmtt K. Lhjjhr^mjcnctmr Ahehrkj

Trhrkl ^`k`Ksscstket ̂ mjcnctmr Ahehrkj^tkth Okr Em. ?241848>

MGGCNH MG R@H KRRM_EHS AHEH_KJT.M. Omx ;?820Kustce, Rhxks 101;;-?820Rhjhp`meh9 (8;?) 3>7-;144

Gknscfcjh9 (8;?) 212-?731 prhrkl.s`k`Dthxkskttmrehyahehrkj.amv

Nmueshj gmr ^tkth mg Rhxks

ks Kfcnus Nurckh

_mohrt N. Qkjthrs^tkth Okr Em. ?40?4>44

Ikfhs N. @m^tkth Okr Em. ?248?177

_hohlk` Thrry _cnlhtts^tkth Okr Em. ?241200>

Qcjjckf R. R`mfpsme^tkth Okr Em. ?24008>;

ACO^ME, BXEE & N_XRN@H_ JJT?;44 FnLceehy Kvheuh, ^ucth ;;44Bkjjks, Rhxks 18?4;-73;;Rhjhp`meh9 (?;2) 730->;44Gknscfcjh9 (?;2) 730->244

rwkjthrsDacosmebuee.nmf i`mDacosmebuee.nmfrrcnlhttsDacosmebuee.nmfwtt`mfpsmeDacosmebuee.nmf

Nmueshj gmr Bkjjks Nctczhes Nmuencj

ks Kfcnus Nurckh

Nksh >9;7-nv-448;>-B Bmnufhet >>-; Gcjhb 42/;2/;7 Tkah ; mg ?> TkahCB ;13?

8/18/2019 Ken Paxton and Dallas Citizens Council Defend Dallas in Exxxotica Case

2/23

 

cc 

RKOJH MG NMERHER^ 

Rkojh mg Nmethets................................................................................................................. cc 

Rkojh mg Kut`mrctchs ............................................................................................................ ccc 

Cethrhst mg Kfcnc Nurckh ..................................................................................................... vc 

Cetrmbuntcme ......................................................................................................................... ; 

Kraufhet ............................................................................................................................. ? 

C.  Ohnkush t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr Cs k Nmffhrnckj Hethrprcsh Cethebhbtm Trmfmth Hnmemfcn Bhvhjmpfhet ce Bkjjks, Ct Cs k Emepuojcn

Gmruf ............................................................................................................ ? 

CC.  _hsmjutcme ;74>40 Bmhs Emt Wcmjkth t`h Gcrst Kfhebfhet_hakrbjhss mg @mw t`h Nmurt Njksscgchs t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr .................. 0 

K.  R`h _hsmjutcme Cs Wchwpmcet Ehutrkj keb _hksmekojh ...................... 0 

O.  R`h _hsmjutcme Cs Nmethet Ehutrkj Xebhr t`h ^hnmebkryHgghnts Bmntrceh keb ^urvcvhs Cethrfhbckth ^nrutcey ...................... ;4 

Nmenjuscme ......................................................................................................................... ;8 

Nksh >9;7-nv-448;>-B Bmnufhet >>-; Gcjhb 42/;2/;7 Tkah ? mg ?> TkahCB ;13>

8/18/2019 Ken Paxton and Dallas Citizens Council Defend Dallas in Exxxotica Case

3/23

 

ccc

RKOJH MG KXR@M_CRCH^ 

Tkah

Nkshs

Nkjks` v. Ncty mg Orcbahpmrt ,100 G.?b 04 (?b Ncr. ;307) ............................................................................................. >

Ncehvcscme Nmrp. v. Ncty mg Ourokel ,128 G.?b 874 (3t` Ncr. ;302) .................................................................................. ;;-;?

Ncty mg Hrch v. Tkp–s K.F.,8?3 X.^. ?11, ?37 (?444) ............................................................................................. ;?

Ncty mg Jms Keahjhs v. Kjkfhbk Ommls, Cen.,

8>8 X.^. 2?8 (?44?) ................................................................................................. ;, ;4

Nmjhfke v. Kee Kromr Rrkesp. Kut`.,321 G. ^upp. ?b 111 (H.B. Fcn`. ?4;>) ......................................................................... 3

Nmrehjcus v. EKKNT Jhakj Bhg. & Hbun–j Gueb, Cen.,21> X.^. 100 (;308) .................................................................................................... ;-3

 BcFk Nmrp. v. Rmwe mg @kjjch,;08 G.>b 0?> (1t` Ncr. ;333) ....................................................................................... ;>

 Gketksy _ken` Cen. v. Ncty mg Krjceatme, Rhx.,283 G.>b 827 (8t` Ncr. ?447) ....................................................................................... ;?

 Ce rh A. & K. Ommls, Cen.,114 G.?b ?00 (?b Ncr. ;308) ......................................................................................... ;>

Ajmoh Ehwspkphr Nm. v. ^up. Nt. gmr Emrgmjl Nety.,281 X.^. 837 (;30?) ..................................................................................................... ;2

 @kfptme Cet–j Nmffue–s, Cen. v. Jks Whaks Nmevhetcme & Wcsctmrs Kut`.,3;> G. ^upp. ;24? (B. Ehv. ;337) ................................................................................. 1

 @kwlces v. Ncty & Nety. mg Bhevhr ,;14 G.>b ;?0; (;4t` Ncr. ;333) ..................................................................................... 1

 @mthj Hfps. & _hstkurket Hfps. Xecme, Jmnkj ;44 v. Ncty mg Ehw Smrl ,>;; G.>b 8>2 (?b Ncr. ?44?) ........................................................................................... 3

Nksh >9;7-nv-448;>-B Bmnufhet >>-; Gcjhb 42/;2/;7 Tkah > mg ?> TkahCB ;132

8/18/2019 Ken Paxton and Dallas Citizens Council Defend Dallas in Exxxotica Case

4/23

 

RKOJH MG KXR@M_CRCH^ 

(nmet–b)

Tkah 

cv 

 Cet–j ^mn–y gmr Lrcs`ek Nmesncmusehss, Cen. v. Jhh,848 X.^. 71? (;33?) ....................................................................................................... 2

 Cet–j ^mn–y gmr Lrcs`ek Nmesncmusehss v. ^n`rkbhr ,27; G. ^upp. 1;2 (E.B. Rhx. ;310) ............................................................................... 0

 Iustcnh gmr Kjj v. Gkujlehr ,2;4 G.>b 174 (8t` Ncr. ?448) ......................................................................................... >

 Jkfo–s N`kphj v. Ntr. Fmrcn`hs Xecme Grhh ^n`. Bcst.,840 X.^. >02 (;33>) .................................................................................................... 0-3

 Jh`fke v. Ncty mg ^`klhr @hca`ts,

2;0 X.^. ?30 (;312) .................................................................................................... >-2

 Fucr v. Kjk. Hbun–j Rhj. Nmff–e,787 G.?b ;4;? (8t` Ncr. ;30;) ....................................................................................... 1

 Emrgmjl v. Nmom @kjj Nmeghrhenh & Hx`coctcme Ntr.,82> G. ^upp. ?b 14; (H.B. Fcn`. ?440) ......................................................................... 1

 Emrfk Lrcstch, Cen. v. Ncty mg Mljk`mfk Ncty,81? G. ^upp. 00 (Q.B. Mljk. ;30>) ............................................................................... 7

 Thrry Hbun. Kss–e v. Thrry Jmnkj Hbunktmrs– Kss–e,274 X.^. >1 (;30>) ............................................................................................. >, ;4, ;>

 _hetme v. Tjkytcfh R`hktrhs, Cen.,218 X.^. 2; (;307) ................................................................................................. ;;, ;8

^n`henl v. Trm-N`mcnh Ehtwmrl mg Q. E.S.,8;3 X.^. >81 (;331) ..................................................................................................... ;>

^mut`hksthre Trmfmtcmes, Jtb. v. Nmerkb ,2?4 X.^. 827 (;318) .................................................................................................... 1-0

X.^. Tmstkj ^hrv. v. Nmuencj mg Arhheoura` Ncvcn Kss–es,28> X.^. ;;2 (;30;) ................................................................................................... ?, 7

Qkjlhr v. Rhx. Bcv., ^mes mg Nmeghbhrkth Whthrkes, Cen.,;>8 ̂ . Nt. ??>3 (?4;8) ........................................................................................ ;, >-2, 0

Nksh >9;7-nv-448;>-B Bmnufhet >>-; Gcjhb 42/;2/;7 Tkah 2 mg ?> TkahCB ;138

8/18/2019 Ken Paxton and Dallas Citizens Council Defend Dallas in Exxxotica Case

5/23

 

RKOJH MG KXR@M_CRCH^ 

(nmet–b)

Tkah 

v 

Qkrb v. _mnl Kakcest _kncsf,23; X.^. 10; (;303) ..................................................................................................... ;;

Smuea v. Kf. Fcec R`hktrhs, Cen.,2?1 X.^. 84 (;317) ....................................................................................................... ;;

^tktuths

Bkjjks Ncty Nmbh N`kpthr 2;K .......................................................................................... ;?

Mt`hr Kut`mrctchs

Ncty mg Bkjjks, Keeukj Oubaht gmr Gcsnkj Shkr ?4;8-?4;7,

`ttp9//spwhohxt;.bkjjksncty`kjj.nmf/]jkymuts/;8/QmpcGrkfh.kspx=smurnhbmn6/Oubaht/kbmpthb];8;7/kbmpthb-gy;8-;7-OubahtOmml.pbg&kntcme6bhgkujt&BhgkujtCthfMphe6; (jkst vcscthb Kpr. ;;, ?4;7) ........................................ 2-8

Nmevhetcme & Hvhet ^hrvcnhs9 Hethrprcsh Gueb Mvhrvchw (Gho. ;, ?4;7),`ttp9//bkjjksncty`kjj.nmf/amvhrefhet/]jkymuts/;8/QmpcGrkfh.kspx=smur nhbmn6/amvhrefhet/Nmuencj%?4Fhhtcea%?4Bmnufhets/ogk]?]nmevhetcme-keb-hvhet-shrvcnhs]4?4;;7.pbg&kntcme6bhgkujt&BhgkujtCthfMphe6; (jkst vcscthb Kpr.;;, ?4;7) ................................................................................ 8

@cjtme @mthjs & _hsmrts, @cjtme Kektmjh9 Tjke ke Hvhet,`ttp9//www>.`cjtme.nmf/he/`mthjs/thxks/`cjtme-kektmjh-BGQKE@@/hvhet/cebhx.`tfj (jkst vcscthb Kpr. ;?, ?4;7) .............................................................. ;2

Lky Okcjhy @utn`csme Nmevhetcme Nhethr Bkjjks, Nkpkncty & Gjmmr Tjkes kt2, 7, `ttp9//www.bkjjksnmevhetcmenhethr.nmf/wp-nmethet/upjmkbs/?4;2/41/Fmbcgchb-Gjmmrpjke-Ommljht-lo`.pbg (jkst vcscthb Kpr. ;?, ?4;7) ......................... ;2

^`hrktme Bkjjks @mthj, Whrsktcjh Bkjjks Nmeghrhenh _mmfs keb Wheuhs,`ttp9//www.s`hrktmebkjjks`mthj.nmf/bkjjks-nmeghrhenh-rmmfs (jkstvcscthb Kpr. ;?, ?4;7) .................................................................................................. ;2

Nksh >9;7-nv-448;>-B Bmnufhet >>-; Gcjhb 42/;2/;7 Tkah 8 mg ?> TkahCB ;137

8/18/2019 Ken Paxton and Dallas Citizens Council Defend Dallas in Exxxotica Case

6/23

 

vc

CERH_H^R MGKFCNCN X_CKH  

Kttmrehy Ahehrkj Lhe Tkxtme, me oh`kjg mg t`h ^tkth mg Rhxks, cs nmffctthb tm

 prmfmtcea hnmemfcn bhvhjmpfhet t`rmua`mut t`h ^tkth. Hsshetckj tm t`kt amkj cs hesurcea

t`kt amvhrefhetkj hetctchs nke fkekah t`hcr nmffhrnckj hethrprcshs wct`mut mehrmus keb

ueehnhsskry rhstrcntcmes.

R`h Bkjjks Nctczhes Nmuencj cs k emeprmgct mrakeczktcme nmfprcscea ouscehss keb

ncvcn jhkbhrs ce t`h Bkjjks rhacme.;  Cts purpmsh cs tm prmvcbh jhkbhrs`cp me puojcn pmjcny

cssuhs tm cfprmvh t`h jcvhs mg Bkjjks nctczhes. R`h Nctczhes Nmuencj cs nmffctthb tm t`h

jmea-thrf vctkjcty keb prmsphrcty mg t`h Ncty mg Bkjjks keb wkets tm hesurh t`kt t`h Ncty cs

kojh tm kpprmprckthjy fkekah cfpmrtket hnmemfcn ksshts jclh t`h Lky Okcjhy @utn`csme

Nmevhetcme Nhethr.

Ohnkush t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr cs k nmffhrnckj hethrprcsh t`kt cs cethebhb tm

 prmfmth hnmemfcn bhvhjmpfhet ce Bkjjks, kfcnc ohjchvh t`kt t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr cs k

emepuojcn gmruf t`kt t`h Ncty cs grhh tm rhksmekojy fkekah uebhr kppjcnkojh jkw.  Kfcnc

`mph tm kcb t`h Nmurt ce uebhrstkebcea `mw grhh sphhn` bmntrceh knnmffmbkths t`h

Ncty–s scaecgcnket cethrhsts ks prmprchtmr mg t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr.

;  Ehct`hr kfcnc emr nmueshj rhnhcvhb key fmehtkry nmetrcoutcmes cethebhb tm gueb prhpkrcea mr

suofcttcea t`cs orchg. Em pkrty–s nmueshj kut`mrhb t`cs orchg ce w`mjh mr ce pkrt.

Nksh >9;7-nv-448;>-B Bmnufhet >>-; Gcjhb 42/;2/;7 Tkah 7 mg ?> TkahCB ;131

8/18/2019 Ken Paxton and Dallas Citizens Council Defend Dallas in Exxxotica Case

7/23

 

; 

CER_MBXNRCME 

Tjkcetcgg–s fmtcme gmr k prhjcfcekry ceiuentcme rhsts me twm nrctcnkj prhfcshs9 Gcrst,

t`kt t`h Lky Okcjhy @utn`csme Nmevhetcme Nhethr (t`h ‚Nmevhetcme Nhethr‖) cs k puojcn

gmruf rkt`hr t`ke k nmffhrnckj hethrprcsh. Keb shnmeb, t`kt Ncty Nmuencj _hsmjutcme

;74>40 (t`h ‚_hsmjutcme‖) cs k nmethet-okshb sphhn` rhstrcntcme. Omt` krh gkjsh.

Gcrst, t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr cs k emepuojcn gmruf ohnkush t`h Ncty‒‚kntcea ks k

 prmprchtmr,‖ Qkjlhr v. Rhx. Bcv., ^mes mg Nmeghbhrkth Whthrkes, Cen., ;>8 ^. Nt. ??>3,

??8; (?4;8)‒fkekahs t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr ks k nmffhrnckj kssht. R`h ^uprhfh

Nmurt `ks rhphkthbjy rhnmaeczhb t`kt amvhrefhet ush mg k prmphrty ks k ‚nmffhrnckj

hethrprcsh‖ cs ‚cenmescsthet wct` ke cethet tm bhscaekth t`h \prmphrtyV ks k puojcn gmruf.‖

Nmrehjcus v. EKKNT Jhakj Bhg. & Hbun–j Gueb, Cen., 21> X.^. 100, 042 (;308). Ohnkush

t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr cs k nmffhrnckj hethrprcsh t`kt cs cethebhb tm prmfmth hnmemfcn

bhvhjmpfhet ce Bkjjks, t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr cs k emepuojcn gmruf.

Ohnkush t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr cs k emepuojcn gmruf, t`h _hsmjutcme pksshs

nmestctutcmekj fusthr cg ct cs omt` vchwpmcet ehutrkj keb rhksmekojh. R`h _hsmjutcme hkscjy

sktcsgchs t`msh rhqucrhfhets‒keb Tjkcetcgg bmhs emt krauh tm t`h nmetrkry. Out hvhe cg t`h

Nmurt bhncbhs tm trhkt t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr ks k puojcn gmruf, Tjkcetcgg–s fmtcme cs

gktkjjy gjkwhb gmr k shnmeb rhksme9 R`h _hsmjutcme cs nmethet ehutrkj, ohnkush ct cs

tkrahthb emt kt t`h nmethet mg Tjkcetcgg–s sphhn`, out rkt`hr kt t`h ‚shnmebkry hgghnts‖ mg

t`kt sphhn` me t`h surrmuebcea nmffuecty. Ncty mg Jms Keahjhs v. Kjkfhbk Ommls, Cen.,

8>8 X.^. 2?8, 2>2 (?44?). Ohnkush t`h _hsmjutcme cs kjsm ekrrmwjy tkcjmrhb tm shrvh

scaecgcnket amvhrefhet cethrhsts keb jhkvhs mphe kfpjh kjthrektcvh n`keehjs mg

Nksh >9;7-nv-448;>-B Bmnufhet >>-; Gcjhb 42/;2/;7 Tkah 1 mg ?> TkahCB ;130

8/18/2019 Ken Paxton and Dallas Citizens Council Defend Dallas in Exxxotica Case

8/23

 

? 

nmffuecnktcme, ct gujjy nmfpmrts wct` t`h Gcrst Kfhebfhet.

Tjkcetcgg caemrhs nmetrmjjcea prhnhbhet me omt` mg t`hsh cssuhs keb cs uejclhjy tm

sunnhhb me t`h fhrcts. R`h Nmurt s`mujb t`hrhgmrh bhey Tjkcetcgg–s fmtcme gmr k

 prhjcfcekry ceiuentcme.

K_AXFHER 

C.  Ohnkush t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr Cs k Nmffhrnckj Hethrprcsh Cethebhb tm

Trmfmth Hnmemfcn Bhvhjmpfhet ce Bkjjks, Ct Cs k Emepuojcn Gmruf

;. Ct cs whjj hstkojcs`hb t`kt ‚t`h Gcrst Kfhebfhet bmhs emt aukrkethh knnhss

tm prmphrty scfpjy ohnkush ct cs mwehb mr nmetrmjjhb oy t`h amvhrefhet.‖ X.^. Tmstkj

^hrv. v. Nmuencj mg Arhheoura` Ncvcn Kss–es, 28> X.^. ;;2, ;>4 (;30;). Cesthkb, ‚t`h

hxthet tm w`cn` t`h Amvhrefhet nke nmetrmj knnhss‖ tm k pkrtcnujkr prmphrty ‚bhphebs me

t`h ekturh mg t`h rhjhvket gmruf.‖ Nmrehjcus v. EKKNT Jhakj Bhg. & Hbun–j Gueb, Cen.,

21> X.^. 100, 044 (;308). R`h ^uprhfh Nmurt `ks ‚cbhetcgchb t`rhh typhs mg gmrk9 t`h

trkbctcmekj puojcn gmruf, t`h puojcn gmruf nrhkthb oy amvhrefhet bhscaektcme, keb t`h

emepuojcn gmruf.‖  Cb. kt 04?.

Rrkbctcmekj puojcn gmrk‒sun` ks strhhts keb puojcn scbhwkjls‒krh ‚t`msh pjknhs

w`cn` oy jmea trkbctcme mr oy amvhrefhet gckt `kvh ohhe bhvmthb tm ksshfojy keb

bhokth.‖  Cb.  Bhscaekthb puojcn gmrk, me t̀ h mt`hr `keb, krh ‚nrhkthb oy amvhrefhet

bhscaektcme mg k pjknh mr n`keehj mg nmffuecnktcme gmr ush oy t`h puojcn kt jkrah gmr

ksshfojy keb sphhn`, gmr ush oy nhrtkce sphklhrs, mr gmr t`h bcsnusscme mg nhrtkce

Nksh >9;7-nv-448;>-B Bmnufhet >>-; Gcjhb 42/;2/;7 Tkah 0 mg ?> TkahCB ;133

8/18/2019 Ken Paxton and Dallas Citizens Council Defend Dallas in Exxxotica Case

9/23

 

> 

suoihnts.‖?   Cb.  Amvhrefhet cethet cs t`h tmun`stmeh mg t`h cequcry gmr bhscaekthb puojcn

gmrk. ^hh cb.  (‚R`h amvhrefhet bmhs emt nrhkth k puojcn gmruf oy cekntcme mr oy

 phrfcttcea jcfcthb bcsnmursh, out mejy oy cethetcmekjjy mphecea k emetrkbctcmekj gmruf gmr

 puojcn bcsnmursh.‖).

Oy nmetrkst, emepuojcn gmrk cenjubh ‚\pVuojcn prmphrty w`cn` cs emt oy trkbctcme mr

bhscaektcme k gmruf gmr puojcn nmffuecnktcme.‖  Thrry Hbun. Kss–e v. Thrry Jmnkj

 Hbunktmrs– Kss–e, 274 X.^. >1, 27 (;30>). K emepuojcn gmruf ‚hxcsts w`hrh t̀ h

amvhrefhet cs kntcea ks k prmprchtmr, fkekacea cts cethrekj mphrktcmes.‖ Qkjlhr v. Rhx.

 Bcv., ^mes mg Nmeghbhrkth Whthrkes, Cen., ;>8 ^. Nt. ??>3, ??8; (?4;8) (cethrekj qumtktcme

fkrls keb orknlhts mfctthb). Gmr hxkfpjh, t`h kbvhrtcscea spknh kvkcjkojh ce k ncty–s

 puojcn trkespmrtktcme systhf cs k emepuojcn gmruf ohnkush ‚t`h ncty cs heakahb ce

nmffhrnh‖ gmr t`h purpmsh mg ‚prmvcb\ceaV rkpcb, nmevhechet, pjhksket, keb cehxphescvh

shrvcnh tm \ctsV nmffuthrs.‖  Jh`fke v. Ncty mg ^`klhr @hca`ts, 2;0 X.^. ?30, >4> (;312)

(pjurkjcty).

?. Tjkcetcgg ohkrs t`h ourbhe tm prmvh t`kt t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr cs k puojcn

gmruf. ^hh Thrry, 274 X.^. kt 21< Nmrehjcus, 21> X.^. kt 042. @hrh, Tjkcetcgg nkeemt

nkrry t`kt ourbhe. R`h Ncty, ‚kntcea ks k prmprchtmr,‖ fkekahs t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr ks

k nmffhrnckjjy ushguj kssht. Qkjlhr , ;>8 ^. Nt. kt ??8;. Keb t`h ^uprhfh Nmurt `ks

rhphkthbjy `hjb t`kt amvhrefhet ‚ush mg k prmphrty ks k nmffhrnckj hethrprcsh \csV

?  K jcfcthb puojcn gmruf cs k pkrtcnujkr typh mg bhscaekthb puojcn gmruf t`kt cs jcfcthb tm ksphncgchb njkss mg sphklhrs mr sht mg tmpcns. ^hh Iustcnh gmr Kjj v. Gkujlehr , 2;4 G.>b 174, 178(8t` Ncr. ?448)< Nkjks` v. Ncty mg Orcbahpmrt , 100 G.?b 04, 02 (?b Ncr. ;307). ^hh cegrk kt3 e.;?. 

Nksh >9;7-nv-448;>-B Bmnufhet >>-; Gcjhb 42/;2/;7 Tkah 3 mg ?> TkahCB ;044

8/18/2019 Ken Paxton and Dallas Citizens Council Defend Dallas in Exxxotica Case

10/23

 

2 

cenmescsthet wct` ke cethet tm bhscaekth t`h \prmphrtyV ks k puojcn gmruf.‖ Nmrehjcus, 21>

X.^. kt 042 (bhsnrcocea  Jh`fke, 2;0 X.^. kt >4>-42)<  shh kjsm Cet–j ^mn–y gmr Lrcs`ek

Nmesncmusehss, Cen. v. Jhh, 848 X.^. 71?, 70? (;33?) (‚Ks nmffhrnckj hethrprcshs,

kcrpmrts fust prmvcbh shrvcnhs kttrkntcvh tm t`h fkrlhtpjknh. Ce jca`t mg t`cs, ct nkeemt

gkcrjy oh skcb t`kt ke kcrpmrt thrfcekj `ks ks k prcencpkj purpmsh prmfmtcea ‐t`h grhh

hxn`keah mg cbhks.–‖).

Tuojcnjy kvkcjkojh bmnufhets bhfmestrkth t`kt t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr cs k

nmffhrnckj hethrprcsh cethebhb tm prmfmth hnmemfcn bhvhjmpfhet keb rhvheuh

ahehrktcme gmr t`h Ncty. R`h Ncty–s keeukj oubaht, gmr hxkfpjh, jcsts t`h Nmevhetcme

Nhethr uebhr ‚Lhy Gmnus Krhk ?9 Hnmemfcn Wcorkeny‖‒emt ‚Lhy Gmnus Krhk 29

Nujturh, Krts, _hnrhktcme keb Hbunktcme.‖>  R`h oubaht bhsnrcohs t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr

ks ‚meh mg t`h rhacme–s fmst pmwhrguj hnmemfcn heacehs‖ t`kt ‚hgghntcvhjy ahehrkths

bmjjkrs t`kt rhbunh t`h ourbhe tm jmnkj tkxpkyhrs‖ keb ‚nrhkth rhacme-wcbh imos keb

hnmemfcn ohehgcts.‖2  ^cfcjkrjy, t`h Ncty bhpkrtfhet t`kt mvhrshhs t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr

‚shrvh\sV ks ke hnmemfcn heaceh gmr t`h Ncty mg Bkjjks, t`rmua` hggcnchet fkekahfhet,

fkrlhtcea keb prmfmtcme mg t`h \Nmevhetcme NhethrV.‖8  R`hsh gknts bhfmestrkth t`kt t`h

Ncty ‚cs kntcea ks k prmprchtmr, fkekacea cts cethrekj mphrktcmes‖ w`he ct fkekahs t`h

Nmevhetcme Nhethr. Qkjlhr , ;>8 ^. Nt. kt ??8;.

>  Ncty mg Bkjjks, Keeukj Oubaht gmr Gcsnkj Shkr ?4;8-?4;7 kt >>2, >>1, `ttp9//spwhohxt;.bkjjksncty`kjj.nmf/]jkymuts/;8/QmpcGrkfh.kspx=smurnhbmn6/Oubaht/kbmpthb];8;7/kbmpthb-gy;8-;7-OubahtOmml.pbg&kntcme6bhgkujt&BhgkujtCthfMphe6; (jkst vcscthb Kpr. ;?, ?4;7).

2   Cb. kt ?82. 

8   Cb. kt ?8;.

Nksh >9;7-nv-448;>-B Bmnufhet >>-; Gcjhb 42/;2/;7 Tkah ;4 mg ?> TkahCB ;04;

8/18/2019 Ken Paxton and Dallas Citizens Council Defend Dallas in Exxxotica Case

11/23

 

8 

Fmrhmvhr, w`he t`h Ncty Nmuencj nmescbhrs t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr–s keeukj

 oubaht, ct hvkjukths hnmemfcn rhsujts, sun` ks rhture me cevhstfhet, emt kaarhakth hgghnts

me puojcn bcsnmursh. R`h ?4;8-?4;7 oubaht nkjnujkths k ‚rhture me Ncty Cevhstfhet‖ ce

t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr wct` ‚Hnmemfcn Cfpknt‖ mg $;4-$;> phr $; sphet oy t`h Ncty.7  K

shpkrkth Ncty kekjyscs nkjnujkths t`h hnmemfcn cfpknt mg t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr ks

$77? fcjjcme ce ?4;2, $733 fcjjcme ce ?4;8, keb $17? fcjjcme ce ?4;7.1  Q`he t`h Ncty

rhnhetjy sphet $74 fcjjcme me nkpctkj cfprmvhfhets gmr t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr, ct bcb sm

ce mrbhr tm ‚\cVenrhksh nmfphtctcvhehss,‖ ‚\nVmfpjhfhet t`h `mthj bhvhjmpfhet,‖ ‚\oVhtthr

shrvh nustmfhr rhqucrhfhets,‖ keb ‚\kVbbrhss nkpctkj ehhbs.‖0  R`us, t`h Ncty–s

fkcethekenh keb fkekahfhet mg t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr krh gmr t`h purpmsh mg guhjcea

hnmemfcn armwt`. Tjkcetcgg `ks pmcethb tm em hvcbhenh t`kt t`h Ncty cethebs tm ush t̀ h

Nmevhetcme Nhethr gmr ‚puojcn bcsnmursh.‖ Nmrehjcus, 21> X.^. kt 04?.

^phhn` bmhs, mg nmursh, tklh pjknh kt t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr. Out t`h fhrh gknt

‚\tV`kt sun` \hxprhsscvhV kntcvcty mnnurs ce t`h nmethxt mg t`h gmruf nrhkthb bmhs emt

cfpjy t`kt t`h gmruf t`hrhoy ohnmfhs k puojcn gmruf gmr Gcrst Kfhebfhet purpmshs.‖

 Cb.  kt 048. Ohnkush t`h Ncty ‚bcb emt nrhkth \t`h Nmevhetcme NhethrV gmr purpmshs mg

 prmvcbcea k gmruf gmr hxprhsscvh kntcvcty,‖ t`h prhshenh mg sphhn` ‚bmhs emt cfpjy t`kt

t`h gmruf t`hrhoy ohnmfhs k puojcn gmrf gmr Gcrst Kfhebfhet purpmshs.‖  Cb.9;7-nv-448;>-B Bmnufhet >>-; Gcjhb 42/;2/;7 Tkah ;; mg ?> TkahCB ;04?

8/18/2019 Ken Paxton and Dallas Citizens Council Defend Dallas in Exxxotica Case

12/23

 

7 

Nmuencj mg Arhheoura` Ncvcn Kss–es, 28> X.^. kt ;>4 e.7 (nrctcnczcea Iustcnh Orheeke–s

bcsshet gmr ‚kssuf\ceaV t`kt scfpjy ohnkush ke cestrufhetkjcty ‐cs ushb gmr t`h

nmffuecnktcme mg cbhks mr cegmrfktcme,– ct t`hrhoy ohnmfhs k puojcn gmruf‖). Cesthkb,

t`kt sphhn` cs scfpjy t`h oyprmbunt mg t`h nmffhrnckj hethrprcsh.

>. Tjkcetcgg suffkrcjy ksshrts t`kt t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr cs k puojcn gmruf

 ohnkush ct cs ‚puojcn prmphrty w`cn` amvhrefhet ‐`ks mphehb gmr ush ks k pjknh gmr

hxprhsscvh kntcvcty.–‖ Tj.–s Kf. Fhf. 1. R`kt jkeaukah cs grmf t`h ^uprhfh Nmurt–s

bhncscme ce Nmrehjcus, w`cn` ce nmethxt njhkrjy rhqucrhs t`kt t`h prmphrty oh fkekahb

wct` t`h cethet mg suppmrtcea hxprhsscvh kntcvcty. ^hh Nmrehjcus, 21> X.^. kt 042 (‚\RV`h

ncty–s ush mg t`h prmphrty ks k nmffhrnckj hethrprcsh \csV cenmescsthet wct` ke cethet tm

bhscaekth t`h \prmphrtyV ks k puojcn gmruf.‖).

_kt`hr t`ke bcsnusscea t`h Ncty–s cethet ce nrhktcea keb fkekacea t`h Nmevhetcme

Nhethr, Tjkcetcgg cesthkb suppjchs k jcst mg stktcstcns rhakrbcea t`h sczh mg t`h Nmevhetcme

Nhethr. Tj.–s Kf. Fhf. 1. Out t`h gknt t`kt t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr mgghrs ‚?,444,444

Rmtkj ^qukrh Ghht,‖ ‚;,444,444 ^qukrh Ghht mg Hx`coct ^pknh,‖ ‚00 Fhhtcea _mmfs,‖ keb

k ‚;,184 ^hkt R`hkthr‖ `ks emt`cea tm bm wct` t`h puojcn gmruf kekjyscs.  Cb.  Cg keyt`cea,

t`hsh gknts scfpjy uebhrsnmrh t`h snkjh mg t`h Ncty–s nmffhrnckj cevhstfhet ce t`h

Nmevhetcme Nhethr.

Tjkcetcgg rhjchs me k ;30> bcstrcnt nmurt bhncscme‒  Emrfk Lrcstch, Cen. v. Ncty mg

Mljk`mfk Ncty, 81? G. ^upp. 00, 3; (Q.B. Mljk. ;30>)‒`mjbcea t`kt k nmevhetcme

nhethr ce Mljk`mfk Ncty wks k puojcn gmruf. Out t`h ekturh mg k pkrtcnujkr gmruf cs k

`ca`jy gknt-cethescvh cequcry. Ce mt`hr nkshs, nmurts `kvh gmueb fuecncpkj nmevhetcme

Nksh >9;7-nv-448;>-B Bmnufhet >>-; Gcjhb 42/;2/;7 Tkah ;? mg ?> TkahCB ;04>

8/18/2019 Ken Paxton and Dallas Citizens Council Defend Dallas in Exxxotica Case

13/23

 

1 

nhethrs keb scfcjkr vheuhs tm oh emepuojcn gmrk. ^hh, h.a.,  @kwlces v. Ncty & Nety. mg

 Bhevhr , ;14 G.>b ;?0;, ;?02, ;?01-00 (;4t` Ncr. ;333) (Akjjhrck wct`ce t`h Bhevhr

Thrgmrfcea Krts Nmfpjhx wks emepuojcn gmruf)<  Emrgmjl v. Nmom @kjj Nmeghrhenh &

 Hx`coctcme Ntr., 82> G. ^upp. ?b 14;, 140 (H.B. Fcn`. ?440) (‚Nmom Nhethr cs k

emepuojcn gmruf gmr t`h purpmsh mg tmfmrrmw–s hvhet.‖)<  @kfptme Cet–j Nmffue–s, Cen.

v. Jks Whaks Nmevhetcme & Wcsctmrs Kut`., 3;> G. ^upp. ;24?, ;2;4 (B. Ehv. ;337)

(‚\^Vmfh ksphnts mg t`h Jks Whaks Nmevhetcme Nhethr, w`cn` wks oucjt gmr t`h prcfkry

 purpmsh mg kttrkntcea jkrah nmevhetcmes keb cenrhkscea t`h hnmemfcn kntcvcty mg Jks

Whaks keb Njkrl Nmuety, krh eme-puojcn ce ekturh. . . . Tjkcetcgg `ks emt prmgghrhb

suggcnchet gknts tm s`mw t`kt t`h wkjlwky krhks `hrh krh k puojcn gmruf.‖).3 

Ks t`cs kut`mrcty bhfmestrkths, t`hrh cs em  phr sh  rujh gmr fuecncpkj nmevhetcme

nhethrs. Cesthkb, hkn` nksh rhqucrhs ke cebcvcbukjczhb kekjyscs mg t̀ h amvhrefhet–s cethet

ce nrhktcea keb fkekacea t`h gmruf kt cssuh. ^hh Nmrehjcus, 21> X.^. kt 04?. Ce t̀ cs

nksh, t`h rhjhvket gknts bhfmestrkth t`kt t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr cs k emepuojcn gmruf.

3  Nctcea ^mut`hksthre Trmfmtcmes, Jtb. v. Nmerkb , 2?4 X.^. 827, 888 (;318), Tjkcetcgg kjsm

ksshrts t`kt t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr ‚wks bhscaehb gmr keb bhbcnkthb tm hxprhsscvhkntcvctchs.‖ Tj.–s Kf. Fhf. 7. Mg nmursh, ^mut`hksthre Trmfmtcmes  bmhs emt purpmrt tmkeemuenh k orca`t-jceh rujh gmr nmevhetcme nhethrs mr fuecncpkj oucjbceas ahehrkjjy. R`hNmurt ce t`kt nksh hvkjukthb N`kttkemmak–s fuecncpkj kubctmrcuf, w`cn` wks bhscaehb gmr‚ncvcn, hbunktcmekj rhjcacmus, pktrcmtcn keb n`krctkojh mrakeczktcmes keb kssmncktcmes \tmV `kvhk nmffme fhhtcea pjknh tm bcsnuss keb gurt`hr t`h upoucjbcea keb ahehrkj whjgkrh mg t`hncty.‖ ^h. Trmfmtcmes, 2?4 X.^. kt 823 e.2. R`h Bkjjks Nmevhetcme Nhethr `ks em scfcjkrfkebkth. Fmrhmvhr, N`kttkemmak–s kubctmrcuf‒uejclh t`h Bkjjks Nmevhetcme Nhethr‒ nmujb ‚emt oh mphrkthb gmr prmgct, keb em hggmrt tm motkce gcekenckj rhtures komvh t`h kntukjmphrktcea hxpheshs \wksV phrfctthb.‖  Cb.<  shh kjsm Fucr v. Kjk. Hbun–j Rhj. Nmff–e, 787G.?b ;4;?, ;4?; (8t` Ncr. ;30;) (bcstceaucs`cea ^mut`hksthre Trmfmtcmes). 

Nksh >9;7-nv-448;>-B Bmnufhet >>-; Gcjhb 42/;2/;7 Tkah ;> mg ?> TkahCB ;042

8/18/2019 Ken Paxton and Dallas Citizens Council Defend Dallas in Exxxotica Case

14/23

 

0 

CC.  _hsmjutcme ;74>40 Bmhs Emt Wcmjkth t`h Gcrst Kfhebfhet _hakrbjhss mg @mw

t`h Nmurt Njksscgchs t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr

Ohnkush t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr cs k emepuojcn gmruf, t`h _hsmjutcme kt cssuh

 pksshs nmestctutcmekj fusthr ks jmea ks ct cs vchwpmcet ehutrkj keb rhksmekojh. R`h

_hsmjutcme sktcsgchs t`msh rhqucrhfhets‒cebhhb, Tjkcetcgg bmhs emt krauh mt̀ hrwcsh. Out

hvhe cg t`h Nmurt nmenjubhs t`kt t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr cs k bhscaekthb puojcn gmruf, ct

s`mujb stcjj bhey Tjkcetcgg–s fmtcme. Ks k nmethet-ehutrkj rhaujktcme t`kt cs ekrrmwjy

tkcjmrhb tm kn`chvh scaecgcnket amvhrefhet cethrhsts, t`h _hsmjutcme nmfpmrts wct` t`h

Gcrst Kfhebfhet.

K.  R`h _hsmjutcme Cs Wchwpmcet Ehutrkj keb _hksmekojh

R`h thst gmr rhstrcntcmes ce emepuojcn gmrk cs jhechet9 ‚Nmetrmj mvhr knnhss tm k

emepuojcn gmruf nke oh okshb me suoihnt fktthr keb sphklhr cbhetcty sm jmea ks t`h

bcstcentcmes brkwe krh rhksmekojh ce jca`t mg t`h purpmsh shrvhb oy t`h gmruf keb krh

vchwpmcet ehutrkj.–‖  Jkfo–s N`kphj v. Ntr. Fmrcn`hs Xecme Grhh ^n`. Bcst., 840 X.^.

>02, >3?-3> (;33>). R`h _hsmjutcme kfpjy sktcsgchs omt` mg t`msh rhqucrhfhets.;4 

Gcrst, Tjkcetcgg–s fmtcme gmr k prhjcfcekry ceiuentcme bmhs emt ksshrt t`kt t`h

_hsmjutcme nmestctuths vchwpmcet bcsnrcfcektcme. R`h thrf ‚vchwpmcet bcsnrcfcektcme‖

;4  Ce rhpjy, Tjkcetcgg ncths Cet–j ^mn–y gmr Lrcs`ek Nmesncmusehss v. ^n`rkbhr , 27; G. ^upp. 1;2,1;1 (E.B. Rhx. ;310), gmr t`h prmpmsctcme t`kt, ‚Em meh wmujb shrcmusjy urah t`kt k ncty nkejhakjjy heakah ce ‐nmethet-okshb bcsnrcfcektcme– ce rhetcea cts fuecncpkj kubctmrcuf.‖ Tj.–s_hpjy Or. ?. Out t`cs bcntuf rhsts me t`h prhfcsh t`kt t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr wks k puojcngmruf gmr rhetkj purpmshs. Kakce, t`h nmffhrnckj purpmsh oh`ceb t`h Ncty–s mphrktcme mg t`hNmevhetcme Nhethr cs ‚cenmescsthet wct` ke cethet tm bhscaekth t`h \Nmevhetcme NhethrV ks k puojcn gmruf.‖ Nmrehjcus, 21> X.^. kt 042. ^n`rkbhr  bcb emt nmescbhr t`kt cssuh ohnkush ct prh-bkthb shfcekj ^uprhfh Nmurt bhncscmes sun` ks Nmrehjcus keb Qkjlhr . Ct cesthkb rhjchbme ^mut`hksthre Trmfmtcmes, w`cn` cs rhkbcjy bcstceaucs`kojh grmf t`cs nksh. ^hh suprk kt1 e.3.

Nksh >9;7-nv-448;>-B Bmnufhet >>-; Gcjhb 42/;2/;7 Tkah ;2 mg ?> TkahCB ;048

8/18/2019 Ken Paxton and Dallas Citizens Council Defend Dallas in Exxxotica Case

15/23

 

3 

kpphkrs mejy menh‒ourchb ce k jheat`y ojmnl qumtktcme‒ce Tjkcetcgg–s orchg. Tj.–s Kf.

Fhf. 3. Ce key hvhet, t`h Ncty `ks kojy bhfmestrkthb t`kt t`h _hsmjutcme cs vchwpmcet-

ehutrkj. ^hh Bhgs.– _hsp. 22-27.

^hnmeb, Tjkcetcgg nkeemt s`mw t`kt t`h _hsmjutcme cs uerhksmekojh. ‚R`h

Amvhrefhet–s bhncscme tm rhstrcnt knnhss tm k emepuojcn gmruf ehhb mejy oh rhksmekojh< ct

ehhb emt oh t`h fmst rhksmekojh mr t`h mejy rhksmekojh jcfctktcme.‖ Nmrehjcus, 21> X.^.

kt 040. Ct cs mg nmursh rhksmekojh gmr t`h Ncty tm rhgush tm nmetrknt wct` Tjkcetcgg kgthr t`h

nrcfh, grkub, keb orhkn` mg nmetrknt t`kt ktthebhb cts prhvcmus trkeskntcme. ^hh  Bhgs.–

_hsp. ;-;>. Fmrhmvhr, ct cs phrghntjy rhksmekojh gmr t`h Ncty tm nmenjubh t`kt Tjkcetcgg–s

 prmpmshb hvhet wmujb emt suggcnchetjy kbvkenh t`h purpmshs gmr w`cn` t`h Nmevhetcme

Nhethr wks hstkojcs`hb9 hnmemfcn bhvhjmpfhet keb rhvheuh ahehrktcme.;; 

Ohnkush t`h _hsmjutcme cs omt` vchwpmcet ehutrkj keb ‚rhksmekojh ce jca`t mg t`h

 purpmsh shrvhb oy t`h gmruf,‖  Jkfo–s N`kphj , 840 X.^. kt >3?-3>, ct survcvhs

nmestctutcmekj snrutcey.;? 

;;  Rm t`h hxthet t`kt t`h Ncty n`keahb cts fceb komut nmetrkntcea wct` Tjkcetcgg, t`kt bmhs emtkjthr t`h rhksmekojhehss kekjyscs. Tuojcn gmruf bmntrceh phrfcts n`keahs ce fuecncpkj pmjcny‒hvhe t`msh t`kt mnnur fcb-jctcaktcme‒ks jmea ks t`h n`keahs krh emt vchwpmcet okshb. ^hh, h.a., Nmjhfke v. Kee Kromr Rrkesp. Kut`., 321 G. ^upp. ?b 111, 108-07 (H.B.Fcn`. ?4;>) (kpprmvcea k ehw fuecncpkj pmjcny t`kt n`keahb t`h gmruf grmf bhscaekthb tmemepuojcn, rhphkjhb ke uenmestctutcmekj rujh t`kt `kb rhstrcnthb t`h pjkcetcgg–s knnhss, keb

nrhkthb k ehw rujh t`kt stcjj rhstrcnthb t`h pjkcetcgg–s knnhss).;?  R`h skfh kekjyscs wmujb `mjb cg t`h Nmurt whrh tm trhkt t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr ks k jcfcthb

 puojcn gmruf. ^hh @mthj Hfps. & _hstkurket Hfps. Xecme, Jmnkj ;44 v. Ncty mg Ehw Smrl ,>;; G.>b 8>2, 88> (?b Ncr. ?44?) (‚amvhrefhet rhstrcntcmes me hxprhsscvh ushs emt gkjjceawct`ce t`h jcfcthb nkthamry gmr w`cn` k jcfcthb puojcn gmruf `ks ohhe mphehb krh suoihnt tmt`h skfh jhvhj mg snrutcey ks rhstrcntcmes ce eme-puojcn gmrk‖). Ohnkush Tjkcetcgg–s prmpmshbnmevhetcme wmujb emt prmfmth t`h Ncty–s jmea-thrf hnmemfcn amkjs, Tjkcetcgg cs mutscbh mgt`h njkss tm w`cn` t`h jcfcthb puojcn gmruf wmujb kppjy.

Nksh >9;7-nv-448;>-B Bmnufhet >>-; Gcjhb 42/;2/;7 Tkah ;8 mg ?> TkahCB ;047

8/18/2019 Ken Paxton and Dallas Citizens Council Defend Dallas in Exxxotica Case

16/23

 

;4 

O.  R`h _hsmjutcme Cs Nmethet Ehutrkj Xebhr t`h ^hnmebkry Hgghnts

Bmntrceh keb ^urvcvhs Cethrfhbckth ^nrutcey

Gmr t`h rhksmes hxpjkcehb komvh,  shh ^hntcme C, t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr cs k

emepuojcn gmruf. Out hvhe cg t`h Nmurt bcskarhhs, Tjkcetcgg cs stcjj uejclhjy tm prhvkcj me

t`h fhrcts. R`kt cs ohnkush t`h _hsmjutcme (;) cs nmethet ehutrkj uebhr t`h shnmebkry

hgghnts bmntrceh, (?) cs ekrrmwjy tkcjmrhb tm shrvh k scaecgcnket amvhrefhet cethrhst, keb

(>) jhkvhs mphe kbhqukth kjthrektcvh n`keehjs mg nmffuecnktcme. ^hh Thrry, 274 X.^. kt

28 (‚R`h stkth fky kjsm hegmrnh rhaujktcmes mg t`h tcfh, pjknh, keb fkeehr mg hxprhsscme

w`cn` krh nmethet-ehutrkj, krh ekrrmwjy tkcjmrhb tm shrvh k scaecgcnket amvhrefhet

cethrhst, keb jhkvh mphe kfpjh kjthrektcvh n`keehjs mg nmffuecnktcme.‖). Tjkcetcgg bmhs

emt kbbrhss, fun` jhss rhout, key mg t`msh t`rhh pmcets.

;. Me cts gknh, t`h _hsmjutcme cs nmethet ehutrkj. Ks t`h Ncty bhfmestrkths,

‚\tV`h mphrktcvh pkrt mg t`h rhsmjutcme . . . fklhs em rhghrhenh tm key suoihnt fktthr

w`ktsmhvhr.‖ Bhgs.– _hsp. 2>. Cesthkb, t`h _hsmjutcme–s thxt rhvhkjs t`kt ct cs k nmethet-

ehutrkj tcfh, pjknh, mr fkeehr rhstrcntcme. ‚\RV`h Ncty Nmuencj bcrhnts t`h Ncty Fkekahr

tm emt hethr cetm k nmetrknt wct` R`rhh Hxpm Hvhets, JJN, gmr t`h jhksh mg t`h Bkjjks

Nmevhetcme Nhethr.‖ Tj.–s Kpp. ;. Gkr grmf okeecea kjj kbujt sphhn`, t`h _hsmjutcme

fhrhjy prhnjubhs Tjkcetcgg grmf `mstcea cts hvhet kt t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr.

Tjkcetcgg kjjhahs t`kt t`h Fkymr keb Ncty Nmuencj whrh fmtcvkthb oy t`h nmethet mg

t`h prmpmshb hvhet. Tj.–s Kf. Fhf. ;;. Out ce t`h kbujt sphhn` nmethxt, k rhaujktcme cs

bhhfhb nmethet ehutrkj cg ct tkrahts t`h shnmebkry hgghnts mg sun` sphhn`. ^hh Ncty mg Jms

 Keahjhs v. Kjkfhbk Ommls, Cen., 8>8 X.^. 2?8, 2>2 (?44?) (hxpjkcecea t`kt k rhaujktcme

Nksh >9;7-nv-448;>-B Bmnufhet >>-; Gcjhb 42/;2/;7 Tkah ;7 mg ?> TkahCB ;041

8/18/2019 Ken Paxton and Dallas Citizens Council Defend Dallas in Exxxotica Case

17/23

 

;; 

t`kt kppjchb tm kbujt t`hkthrs, out emt mt`hr t`hkthrs, ‚wks bhhfhb nmethet ehutrkj‖

 ohnkush ct ‚wks kcfhb emt kt t`h nmethet mg t`h gcjfs s`mwe kt kbujt t`hkthrs, out rkt`hr kt

t`h shnmebkry hgghnts mg sun` t`hkthrs me t`h surrmuebcea nmffuecty‖).;> 

Kjt`mua` t`h shnmebkry-hgghnts bmntrceh wks mrcacekjjy bhvhjmphb ce zmecea nkshs,

ct kjsm kppjchs tm puojcn-gmruf kekjyscs. ^hh, h.a., Qkrb v. _mnl Kakcest _kncsf, 23;

X.^. 10;, 13; (;303) (kppjycea t`h shnmebkry hgghnts bmntrceh ce k puojcn-gmruf nksh).

R`us, Tjkcetcgg nkeemt prmvh t`kt t`h _hsmjutcme wks nmethet okshb scfpjy oy s`mwcea

t`kt t`h Ncty fca`t `kvh ohhe wcjjcea tm `mst k bcgghrhet nmevhetcme. ^un` k gknt‒hvhe cg

 prmvhe‒bmhs emt suggcnh tm fklh k bhncscme ‚nmethet okshb‖ gmr purpmshs mg t`h puojcn-

gmruf cequcry.

Tjkcetcgg–s kraufhet t`kt t`h _hsmjutcme cs nmethet okshb caemrhs t`h bmntrceh mg

shnmebkry hgghnts. Cebhhb, Tjkcetcgg kpphkrs tm ksshrt t̀ kt t`h Ncty nkeemt rhgush tm `mst

 prmpmshb hvhets okshb me nmenhres komut nrcfh. Tj.–s Kf. Fhf. 3-;4 (qumtcea

Ncehvcscme Nmrp. v. Ncty mg Ourokel , 128 G.?b 874, 81? (3t` Ncr. ;302) (‚\KV ahehrkj ghkr

t`kt stkth mr jmnkj ekrnmtcns mr mt`hr jkws wcjj oh ormlhe oy phmpjh ktthebcea t`h nmenhrts

nkeemt iustcgy k nmethet-okshb rhstrcntcme me hxprhsscme.‖)). Ncehvcscme, `mwhvhr,

 prhbkths t`h shfcekj nksh me shnmebkry hgghnts‒  _hetme v. Tjkytcfh R`hktrhs, Cen., 218

X.^. 2; (;307)‒keb t`us nkeemt cegmrf t`cs Nmurt–s nmethet-ehutrkjcty kekjyscs.

;>  R`kt nmurts bhghr w`he nctchs ktthfpt tm kvmcb t̀ h ehaktcvh hgghnts mg kbujt sphhn` fklhs phrghnt shesh, acvhe t`h ‚jhsshr\V fkaectubh‖ mg smnchty–s cethrhst ce prmthntcea t`kt sphhn`.Smuea v. Kf. Fcec R`hktrhs, Cen., 2?1 X.^. 84, 1; (;317) (pjurkjcty) (‚\HVvhe t`mua` whrhnmaeczh t`kt t`h Gcrst Kfhebfhet wcjj emt tmjhrkth t`h tmtkj supprhsscme mg hrmtcn fkthrckjst`kt `kvh smfh kraukojy krtcstcn vkjuh, ct cs fkecghst t`kt smnchty–s cethrhst ce prmthntcea t`cstyph mg hxprhsscme cs mg k w`mjjy bcgghrhet, keb jhsshr, fkaectubh t`ke t`h cethrhst ceuetrkffhjhb pmjctcnkj bhokth t`kt cespcrhb Wmjtkcrh–s cffmrtkj nmffhet.‖).

Nksh >9;7-nv-448;>-B Bmnufhet >>-; Gcjhb 42/;2/;7 Tkah ;1 mg ?> TkahCB ;040

8/18/2019 Ken Paxton and Dallas Citizens Council Defend Dallas in Exxxotica Case

18/23

 

;? 

Fmrhmvhr, Ncehvcscme rhsts me k gkr bcgghrhet rhnmrb. Ce t`kt nksh, t`h ghkr mg nrcfh

kt `krb rmnl nmenhrts wks ‚ahehrkj‖ keb ‚uebcgghrhetckthb.‖ Ncehvcscme, 128 G.?b kt 81?.

@hrh, oy nmetrkst, sphncgcn knts mg puojcn jhwbehss kt jkst yhkr–s hvhet iustcgy k sphncgcn

ghkr t`kt t`h skfh nrcfh wcjj rhnur. Bhgs.– _hsp. 1-0. Kvmcbcea puojcn jhwbehss kt keb

krmueb t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr cs pkrtcnujkrjy cfpmrtket ohnkush t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr

‚cs ce njmsh prmxcfcty tm rhscbhenhs, puojcn pkrls, keb k n`urn`,‖ Bhgs.– _hsp. ;2, krhks

w`hrh n`cjbrhe krh fmrh jclhjy tm oh prhshet.;2

 

Ohymeb nrcfh, `mwhvhr, t`hrh krh mt`hr shnmebkry hgghnts t`kt suppmrt t`h

_hsmjutcme. Kakce, t`h purpmsh mg t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr cs tm shrvh ks ke hnmemfcn

heaceh keb rkcsh rhvheuh. Ohnkush t`cs rhqucrhs kttrkntcea omt̀ ehw ouscehsshs keb

vcsctmrs tm t`h Ncty, prubhenh rhqucrhs t`kt t`h Ncty tklh knnmuet mg nmescbhrktcmes t`kt

fca`t rhbunh t`h jclhjc`mmb t`kt ehw ouscehsshs keb vcsctmrs wmujb n`mmsh tm nmfh tm

Bkjjks. Ct cs rhksmekojh gmr t`h Ncty tm ghkr t`kt t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr–s (keb t`hrhgmrh

t`h Ncty amvhrefhet–s) nmetceuhb kssmncktcme wct` Tjkcetcgg wmujb bcssukbh smfh

 pmthetckj vcsctmrs grmf nmfcea tm t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr mr Bkjjks ahehrkjjy. R`cs typh mg

;2  Tjkcetcgg nmfpjkces t`kt nhrtkce Ncty Nmuencj fhfohrs hxpjkcehb t`hcr vmths wct` rhghrhenh tm

t`h nmethet mg t`h prmpmshb hvhet. Tj.–s Kf. Fhf. ;?. Out ct nmevhechetjy caemrhs t`kt t`hNcty Nmuencj prcencpkjjy gmnushb me Tjkcetcgg–s stktus uebhr Bkjjks Ncty Nmbh N`kpthr 2;K ksk shxukjjy mrchethb ouscehss t`kt s`mujb oh rhaujkthb tm prhvhet shnmebkry hgghnts. ^hh, h.a.,Bhgs.– _hsp. ;2. Ce kbbctcme, puojcn eubcty, sun` ks t`kt kt Tjkcetcggs– prhvcmus nmevhetcme, csemt nmestctutcmekjjy prmthnthb. ^hh Ncty mg Hrch v. Tkp–s K.F., 8?3 X.^. ?11, ?37 (?444)(pjurkjcty) (‚R`h ksshrthb cethrhsts mg rhaujktcea nmebunt t`rmua` k puojcn eubcty oke keb mgnmfoktcea t`h `krfguj shnmebkry hgghnts kssmnckthb wct` eubh bkencea krh uebheckojycfpmrtket‖)< cb.  kt >41-40 (̂ nkjck, I., nmenurrcea)< Bhgs.– _hsp. 3. Ce key hvhet, Tjkcetcgg–s‚gmnus me t`h Ncty Nmuencj–s prh-hekntfhet rktcmekjh cs fcspjknhb.‖  Gketksy _ken` Cen. v.Ncty mg Krjceatme, Rhx., 283 G.>b 827, 874 (8t` Ncr. ?447). R`h ‚kpprmprckth gmnus cs emt kehfpcrcnkj hequcry cetm t`h kntukj cethet mg t`h hekntcea jhacsjkturh, out rkt`hr t`h hxcsthenh mremt mg k nurrhet amvhrefhetkj cethrhst  ce t`h shrvcnh mg w`cn` t`h n`kjjheahb kppjcnktcme mgt`h stktuth fky oh nmestctutcmekj.‖  Cb. (cethrekj qumtktcme fkrls keb orknlhts mfctthb).

Nksh >9;7-nv-448;>-B Bmnufhet >>-; Gcjhb 42/;2/;7 Tkah ;0 mg ?> TkahCB ;043

8/18/2019 Ken Paxton and Dallas Citizens Council Defend Dallas in Exxxotica Case

19/23

 

;> 

 orkeb fkekahfhet, w`cn` sknrcgcnhs s`mrt-thrf ohehgcts ce mrbhr tm shnurh jmea-thrf

akces, cs hsshetckj gmr k nmffhrnckj vheturh jclh t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr.

Tjkcetcgg fklhs fun` mg t`h Fkymr nkjjcea `cfshjg Bkjjks–s ‚n`chg orkeb mggcnhr‖

keb hxprhsscea nmenhre t`kt `mstcea Tjkcetcgg–s prmpmshb hvhet wmujb `krf t`h Ncty–s

 orkeb. Tj.–s Kf. Fhf. 2. Gkr grmf prmvcea nmethet bcsnrcfcektcme, Tjkcetcgg–s hvcbhenh

kntukjjy `ca`jca`ts t`h Fkymr–s kpprmprckth nmenhre gmr kbvhrsh hgghnts me t`h Ncty–s

hnmemfcn bhvhjmpfhet keb rhvheuh ahehrktcme.

?. R`h _hsmjutcme cs kjsm ‚ekrrmwjy tkcjmrhb tm shrvh k scaecgcnket amvhrefhet

cethrhst‖‒t`h stkebkrb nmffmejy lemwe ks cethrfhbckth snrutcey.  Thrry, 274 X.^. kt

28. Cebhhb, ct cs pkrtcnujkrjy thjjcea t`kt Tjkcetcgg fklhs em kraufhet t`kt t`h _hsmjutcme

gkcjs t`kt stkebkrb. ^hh  Tj.–s Kf. Fhf. ;?-;2 (kraucea mejy t`kt t`h _hsmjutcme gkcjs

strcnt snrutcey).

Omt` t`h prhvhetcme mg nrcfh keb t`h prmfmtcme mg t`h Ncty–s hnmemfcn cethrhsts ce

t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr krh scaecgcnket amvhrefhet cethrhsts. ^hh ^n`henl v. Trm-N`mcnh

 Ehtwmrl mg Q. E.S., 8;3 X.^. >81, >17 (;331) (bhsnrcocea t`h ‚scaecgcnket amvhrefhetkj

cethrhst ce puojcn skghty‖)<  BcFk Nmrp. v. Rmwe mg @kjjch, ;08 G.>b 0?>, 0?3 (1t` Ncr.

;333) (prhvhetcea ‚t`h sprhkb mg nrcfh‖ cs k ‚scaecgcnket amvhrefhet cethrhst‖)<  Ce rh A.

& K. Ommls, Cen., 114 G.?b ?00, ?37-31 (?b Ncr. ;308) (‚suostketckj amvhrefhetkj

cethrhsts‖ cenjubh ‚cenrhks\ceaV tkx rhvheuh,‖ ‚rkcs\ceaV hfpjmyfhet ce t`h krhk,‖ keb

‚rhbun\ceaV nrcfh‖).

R`h _hsmjutcme cs ekrrmwjy tkcjmrhb tm shrvh t`hsh cethrhsts. _kt`hr t`ke pkss k

 ormkb mrbcekenh t`kt wmujb rhstrcnt fmrh sphhn` t`ke ehnhsskry, t`h Ncty Nmuencj `ks

Nksh >9;7-nv-448;>-B Bmnufhet >>-; Gcjhb 42/;2/;7 Tkah ;3 mg ?> TkahCB ;0;4

8/18/2019 Ken Paxton and Dallas Citizens Council Defend Dallas in Exxxotica Case

20/23

 

;2 

hxhrncshb cts bcsnrhtcme me k nksh-oy-nksh okscs tm rhgush tm `mst Tjkcetcgg–s hvhet ce t`h

Nmevhetcme Nhethr. Ct cs `krb tm cfkaceh k fmrh ekrrmwjy tkcjmrhb kpprmkn`. ^hh Ajmoh

 Ehwspkphr Nm. v. ^up. Nt. gmr Emrgmjl Nety., 281 X.^. 837, 743 (;30?) (`mjbcea t`kt k

stktutmry phr sh rujh ‚nkeemt oh vchwhb ks k ekrrmwjy tkcjmrhb fhkes mg knnmffmbktcea

t`h ^tkth–s ksshrthb cethrhst‖ ohnkush ‚\tV`kt cethrhst nmujb oh shrvhb iust ks whjj oy

rhqucrcea t`h trckj nmurt tm bhthrfceh \t`h cssuhV me k nksh-oy-nksh okscs‖).

>. Tjkcetcgg scfcjkrjy bmhs emt n`kjjheah t`h kbhqukny mg kjthrektcvh n`keehjs

mg nmffuecnktcme. R`h Ncty `ks bhfmestrkthb t`kt shxukjjy mrchethb ouscehsshs `kvh

kfpjh mppmrtuecty tm heakah ce kbujt sphhn` ce Bkjjks. Bhgs.– _hsp. >0-24. Fmrhmvhr,

t`hrh krh fkey jkrah vheuhs ce Bkjjks t`kt krh nkpkojh mg `mstcea nmevhetcmes‒keb t`h

_hsmjutcme bmhs emt`cea tm prhvhet Tjkcetcgg grmf `mjbcea cts hvhet hjshw`hrh ce Bkjjks.

R`h @cjtme Kektmjh, gmr hxkfpjh, mgghrs fmrh t`ke `kjg k fcjjcme squkrh ghht mg hvhet

spknh, ‚cenjubcea ;; okjjrmmfs keb 13 fhhtcea rmmfs.‖;8  ^cfcjkrjy, t`h ^`hrktme Bkjjks

@mthj mgghrs fmrh t`ke ?>4,444 squkrh ghht mg okjjrmmfs, omkrb rmmfs, keb hethrtkcefhet

sucths.;7  R`hsh twm vheuhs (keb phr`kps mt`hrs) mgghr suostketckjjy fmrh spknh t`ke

Tjkcetcgg ushb kt t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr ce ?4;8.;1 

;8  @cjtme @mthjs & _hsmrts, @cjtme Kektmjh9 Tjke ke Hvhet, `ttp9//www>.`cjtme.nmf/he/

`mthjs/thxks/`cjtme-kektmjh-BGQKE@@/hvhet/cebhx.`tfj (jkst vcscthb Kpr. ;?, ?4;7).

;7  ^`hrktme Bkjjks @mthj, Whrsktcjh Bkjjks Nmeghrhenh _mmfs keb Wheuhs, `ttp9//www.s`hrktmebkjjks`mthj.nmf/bkjjks-nmeghrhenh-rmmfs (jkst vcscthb Kpr. ;?, ?4;7).

;1  Tjkcetcgg prhvcmusjy nmetrknthb gmr ‚Fhhtcea _mmfs K?44s keb K>44s‖ keb ‚Hx`coct @kjjs K

keb O.‖ Tj.–s Kpp. ;4;. Knnmrbcea tm t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr–s ‚Nkpkncty & Gjmmr Tjkes‖ puojcnktcme, t`kt kfmuets tm ?44,>;4 squkrh ghht mg hx`coct-`kjj spknh, pjus ke kbbctcmekj;8,7>4 squkrh ghht mg fhhtcea-rmmf spknh. Lky Okcjhy @utn`csme Nmevhetcme Nhethr Bkjjks,Nkpkncty & Gjmmr Tjkes kt 2, 7, `ttp9//www.bkjjksnmevhetcmenhethr.nmf/wp-nmethet/upjmkbs/

Nksh >9;7-nv-448;>-B Bmnufhet >>-; Gcjhb 42/;2/;7 Tkah ?4 mg ?> TkahCB ;0;;

8/18/2019 Ken Paxton and Dallas Citizens Council Defend Dallas in Exxxotica Case

21/23

 

;8 

Q`ht`hr Tjkcetcgg wmujb oh kojh tm sunnhssgujjy okrakce gmr spknh kt kemt`hr vheuh

cs ohscbh t`h pmcet. ‚R`kt \TjkcetcggV fust gheb gmr \ctshjgV ce t̀ h rhkj hstkth fkrlht, me ke

hqukj gmmtcea wct` mt`hr prmsphntcvh purn`kshrs keb jhsshhs, bmhs emt acvh rcsh tm k Gcrst

Kfhebfhet vcmjktcme.‖  _hetme, 218 X.^. kt 82 (rhihntcea kraufhets okshb me t`h

 prkntcnkj bcggcnujty mg motkcecea jkeb jhgt kvkcjkojh oy k ncty zmecea mrbcekenh).

NMENJX^CME 

Oy pksscea t`h _hsmjutcme, t`h Ncty mg Bkjjks hxhrncshb cts rca`t ks prmprchtmr tm

nmetrmj knnhss tm t`h Nmevhetcme Nhethr. Ohnkush bmcea sm bcb emt vcmjkth t`h Gcrst

Kfhebfhet, t`h Nmurt s`mujb bhey Tjkcetcgg–s fmtcme gmr k prhjcfcekry ceiuentcme.

?4;2/41/Fmbcgchb-Gjmmrpjke-Ommljht-lo`.pbg (jkst vcscthb Kpr. ;?, ?4;7) (prmvcbcea squkrhgmmtkah gmr hkn` hx`coct `kjj keb fhhtcea rmmf).

Nksh >9;7-nv-448;>-B Bmnufhet >>-; Gcjhb 42/;2/;7 Tkah ?; mg ?> TkahCB ;0;?

8/18/2019 Ken Paxton and Dallas Citizens Council Defend Dallas in Exxxotica Case

22/23

 

;7 

Bkthb9 Kprcj ;2, ?4;7

Lhe TkxtmeKttmrehy Ahehrkj mg Rhxks

Ihggrhy N. Fkthhr

Gcrst Ksscstket Kttmrehy Ahehrkj

^nmtt K. Lhjjhr

^mjcnctmr Ahehrkj

/s/ Trhrkl ^`k` 

Trhrkl ^`k`Ksscstket ̂ mjcnctmr Ahehrkj

^tkth Okr Em. ?241848>

MGGCNH MG R@H KRRM_EHS AHEH_KJ

T.M. Omx ;?820

Kustce, Rhxks 101;;-?820

Rhjhp`meh9 (8;?) 3>7-;144

Gknscfcjh9 (8;?) 212-?731

 prhrkl.s`k`Dthxkskttmrehyahehrkj.amv

Nmueshj gmr ^tkth mg Rhxks

ks Kfcnus Nurckh

_mohrt N. Qkjthrs^tkth Okr Em. ?40?4>44

Ikfhs N. @m

^tkth Okr Em. ?248?177

_hohlk` Thrry _cnlhtts

^tkth Okr Em. ?241200>

Qcjjckf R. R`mfpsme

^tkth Okr Em. ?24008>;

ACO^ME, BXEE & N_XRN@H_ JJT

?;44 FnLceehy Kvheuh, ^ucth ;;44

Bkjjks, Rhxks 18?4;-73;;

Rhjhp`meh9 (?;2) 730->;44

Gknscfcjh9 (?;2) 730->244

rwkjthrsDacosmebuee.nmf

 i`mDacosmebuee.nmf

rrcnlhttsDacosmebuee.nmf

wtt`mfpsmeDacosmebuee.nmf

Nmueshj gmr Bkjjks Nctczhes Nmuencj

ks Kfcnus Nurckh

Nksh >9;7-nv-448;>-B Bmnufhet >>-; Gcjhb 42/;2/;7 Tkah ?? mg ?> TkahCB ;0;>

8/18/2019 Ken Paxton and Dallas Citizens Council Defend Dallas in Exxxotica Case

23/23

 

NH_RCGCNKRH MG ^H_WCNH

C `hrhoy nhrtcgy t`kt me Kprcj ;2, ?4;7, t`h gmrhamcea bmnufhet wks shrvhb vckhjhntrmecn gcjcea me kjj nmueshj mg rhnmrb ce t`cs nksh.

/s/ _mohrt N. Qkjthrs _mohrt N. Qkjthrs 

Nksh >9;7-nv-448;>-B Bmnufhet >>-; Gcjhb 42/;2/;7 Tkah ?> mg ?> TkahCB ;0;2