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King City SS TTJ4E

York Region District School BoardKing City Secondary School

Grade 12 Transportation Technology

Course Type: Workplace Preparation Course Code: TTJ4E

Credit Value: 1.0

Ministry Guidelines: The Ontario CurriculumGrades 11 and 12: Technological Education, 2009

The Ontario CurriculumGrades 9 and 12: ProgramPlanning and Assessment, 2000

Pre-requisites/co-requisites: None

Major Resources:

Modern Automotive TechnologyMitchell On Demand CD software

Written: August 2009

Revised: August 2014

This course introduces students to the servicing, repair, and maintenance of vehiclesthrough practical applications. The course is appropriate for all students as a generalinterest course to prepare them for future vehicle operation, care, and maintenance or forentry into an apprenticeship in the motive power trades. Students will develop anawareness of environmental and societal issues related to transportation, and will learnabout careers in the transportation industry and the skills and training required for them.

OVERALL EXPECTATIONS

This course is divided into 4 strands as follows: VEHICLE MAINTENANCE FUNDAMENTALS, VEHICLE MAINTENANCE SKILLS, TECHNOLOGY, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND SOCIETY, PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE ANDCAREER OPPORTUNITIES

The overall expectations for each of the strands of this course are as follows:

VEHICLE MAINTENANCE FUNDAMENTALS

By the end of this course, students will:A1. demonstrate a working knowledge of the components and principles of operation of a vehiclepowertrain and the procedures involved in servicing it;A2. demonstrate an understanding of the interior and exterior care and maintenance of a vehicle;

Subject Head: Mr. Michaud Author: Gino Quadrini

King City SS TTJ4E

A3. demonstrate a working knowledge of the technical requirements, procedures, tools and equipment,and documentation connected with servicing and maintaining a vehicle or small-engine product.

VEHICLE MAINTENANCE SKILLS

By the end of this course, students will:B1. perform general service and maintenance on vehicles or small-engine products safely, usingthe owner’s manual, repair manuals, tool and equipment manuals, and identification andinformation labels;B2. inspect, test, and service powertrain components, using appropriate service repair resources;B3. demonstrate a basic understanding of body, brake, steering, and suspension systems andcomponents and procedures required for their maintenance and service;B4. develop appropriate solutions to various vehicle repair problems or challenges.

TECHNOLOGY, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND SOCIETY

By the end of this course, students will:C1. demonstrate an understanding of ways in which various aspects of the transportation industryaffect the environment, and ways in which harmful effects can be remedied or reduced;C2. demonstrate an understanding of the relationship between various aspects of the transportationindustry and society.

PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE AND CAREER OPPORTUNITIES:

By the end of this course, students will:D1. demonstrate an understanding of and compliance with occupational health and safety regulationsand standards;D2. identify and describe career opportunities in the transportation industry and the skills and trainingrequired for entry into these careers.Units of Study:

Specific Expectations:

Vehicle PowertrainsBy the end of this course, students will:

A1.1 identify the components of an internal combustion engine and describe its operation and the routine service required to keep it operating at peak efficiency;A1.2 explain the similarities and differences among various engine cycles (e.g., two-stroke, four-stroke, rotary, turbine);A1.3 explain powertrain terminology commonly used in the transportation industry (e.g., double overhead camshaft [DOHC], automatic transmission [A/T], all-wheel drive [AWD]);A1.4 identify the components of a vehicle drivetrain (e.g., constant velocity [C/V] joints and boots, axles, chain or belt drive, power take-off [PTO], transmission) and describe the operation of a drivetrain and the routine service required to keep it operating at peak efficiency.

Interior and Exterior CareBy the end of this course, students will:


King City SS TTJ4E

A2.1 describe, on the basis of research, a variety of interior vehicle cleaning products and their applications;A2.2 identify the types of polishes, waxes, and cleaners that are appropriate for various vehicle finishes (e.g., exterior base clear coat, gel coat);A2.3 describe various repair techniques and make minor repairs to a vehicle body finish (e.g,stone-chip repair, small-dent repair);A2.4 identify and describe various types of fastening methods (e.g., welding, nut and bolt, riveting,chemical bonding) used in maintenance procedures for vehicles and small-engine products;A2.5 identify the consequences and legal implications of various vehicle customizations (e.g,ground effects, body alterations, audio systems, light intensity, window tinting).

Service and MaintenanceBy the end of this course, students will:A3.1 locate appropriate information sources (e.g., shop manuals, owner’s manual, online databases)and consult as required for specifications, tools, equipment, and procedures used in servicing andmaintaining vehicles or small-engine products;A3.2 locate, use, and correctly interpret assembly drawings that depict the components of vehiclesystems or small-engine products;A3.3 identify and describe the function of common hand tools (e.g., wrenches, socket/ratchet set,screwdrivers), power tools (e.g., electric drill, die grinder, air ratchet), and equipment (e.g., batterycharger, hoist, parts washer) used in servicing and maintaining a vehicle or small-engine product;A3.4 identify and describe the function of common measuring tools (e.g., micrometer, hydrometer,multimeter) used in servicing and maintaining a vehicle or small-engine product;A3.5 perform mathematical calculations related to servicing and maintaining a vehicle or small engine product (e.g., calculate quantities, ratio ofwater to antifreeze, fuel consumption), using appropriate resources (e.g., owner’s manual, service information);A3.6 report on work in progress and work performed (e.g., by completing a work order,parts list, service record, and/or journal), using appropriate terminology specific to vehiclesor small-engine products (e.g., acronyms, service terms).

Service informationSA3. Service and MaintenanceB1.1 identify the meaning of the letters and numbers of the vehicle identification number (VIN)(e.g., place of origin, engine size, production year) on the basis of their placement in the VIN;B1.2 locate information in the owner’s manual and on the vehicle or small-engine product (e.g,safety warnings, warning light and icon information, computer trouble codes, specifications such astire size and recommended pressure, identification labels, graphics) and apply as required whenperforming service and maintenance procedures;B1.3 identify procedures recommended in the owner’s manual and/or repair manual foremergency situations (e.g., flat tire, dead battery, vehicle breakdown);B1.4 demonstrate the correct use of hand, power, machine, and pneumatic tools and equipmentrequired for service tasks (e.g., tire machine, floor jacks and hoists, safety stands, shop tools),store them safely, and maintain them in good working order;B1.5 remove and replace components (e.g., engine oil, tires) correctly, using appropriate productinformation and specifications (e.g., engine oil –viscosity and quantity; tires – tire size and loadrating) as noted in the owner’s manual and/or repair manual;B1.6 demonstrate the safe operation of a variety of heating, cutting, and welding equipment inperforming service and maintenance tasks.

Powertrain SystemsBy the end of this course, students will:B2.1 perform service procedures on an engine lubrication system (e.g., change engine oil, changeoil filter) safely and correctly;B2.2 perform inspection and service procedures on an engine fuel system (e.g., change fuel filter)safely and correctly;B2.3 perform inspection, testing, and service procedures on an engine cooling system (e.g., performpressure test, test freezing/boiling point) safely and correctly;B2.4 perform inspection and service procedures on an engine ignition system (e.g., replace spark


King City SS TTJ4E

plugs, replace ignition wires) safely and correctly;B2.5 perform inspection, testing, and service procedures on an electrical system (e.g., testfuses, charge battery, inspect alternator) safely and correctly;B2.6 identify drivetrain components (e.g., transmission dipstick, differential fill plug, transfer caselevel plug) and perform drivetrain maintenance and service (e.g., clutch adjustment, fluid levelchecks) safely and correctly;

Technology and the EnvironmentC1.1 demonstrate an understanding of ways in which the transportation industry affects theenvironment and of efforts being made to remedy or reduce harmful effects (e.g., improvedproduction methods, automotive parts recycling), including ways of disposing of waste products(e.g., used oil, used batteries, used paints/thinners);C1.2 explain the pros and cons of using environmentally friendly products (e.g., biodegradablecleaners) and procedures (e.g., recycling of antifreeze) in the repair and service of vehiclesor small-engine products;C1.3 describe appropriate actions to be taken in the event of a spill of waste products (e.g., usedoil, antifreeze, fuel), and demonstrate the ability to safely implement such actions (e.g., outlinethe steps described in an emergency action plan and carry them out).

Technology and SocietyBy the end of this course, students will:C2.1 research and report on the development of improved safety features in today’s vehicles orsmall-engine products (e.g., airbags, anti-lock brakes, electronic stability control, back-up alarms,engine kill switch, no-mow-in-reverse switch);C2.2 assess the pros and cons of various types of fuel/energy sources (e.g., gasoline, propane,diesel, electrical/battery power, biodiesel, hybrid powerplant, hydrogen power cells) used to powervehicles or small-engine products, taking into account a variety of perspectives (e.g., consumersperspective: cost to purchase, cost to operate, performance, emission levels; service/repair perspective: training, safety issues, new tools/equipment required);C2.3 explain how current trends in transportation technology (e.g., extended maintenance schedules,improved emission standards and testing, use of high-tech components, emphasis on fuelefficiency, manufacturers’ efforts to increase the amount of recyclable material in vehicles andsmall-engine products) are related to societal attitudes and behavior

Health and SafetyBy the end of this course, students will:D1.1 demonstrate an understanding of legislation and regulations related to procedures andoperations used in transportation technology facilities (e.g., Occupational Health and SafetyAct [OHSA]; regulations and standards outlined in the Workplace Hazardous Materials InformationSystem [WHMIS]; Apprenticeship and Certification Act [ACA]);D1.2 demonstrate good housekeeping and safety practices in the work environment (e.g., cleaningup spills and leaks, keeping areas clean and clear of obstruction);D1.3 use protective clothing and equipment (e.g., eye protection, breathing apparatus) as required toensure their own and others’ safety in the work environment;D1.4 describe and demonstrate the ability to follow safety precautions applicable to new technologieswhen working around or servicing vehicles (e.g., precautions regarding high currentand voltage, capacitor discharge rate of supplemental restraint systems, extreme temperature ofexhaust systems);D1.5 identify potential health risks when servicing vehicles and demonstrate the use of safe proceduresto mitigate these hazards (e.g., preventive measures to minimize airborne particles and fumes).

By the end of this course, students will:D2.1 describe a variety of career opportunities in the transportation industry and the trainingrequired for entry into these careers;D2.2 demonstrate an understanding of and apply the Essential Skills that are important for successin the transportation industry, as identified in the Ontario Skills Passport (e.g., problem solving,


King City SS TTJ4E

finding information, measurement and calculation);D2.3 demonstrate an understanding of and apply the work habits that are important for successin the transportation industry, as identified in the Ontario Skills Passport (e.g., working safely,teamwork, reliability);D2.4 maintain an up-to-date portfolio that includes pieces of work and other materials that provideevidence of their skills and achievements in transportation technology (e.g., Passport to Safetycertificate, skills checklist, Ontario Skills Passport Work Plan and Transition Plan), and explainwhy having a current portfolio is important for career development and advancement.

Units: Titles and Time

Unit 1 Lab and Course Orientation, Safety & Careers. 10 hoursUnit 2 Engine Operations 35 hoursUnit 3 Driveline Unit 25 hoursUnit 4 Control systems, Brakes, Steering and Suspension Systems 15 hoursUnit 5 Interior and Exterior Vehicle Care and Maintenance 10 hoursUnit 6 Design and Build an Automobile System 15 hours

Evaluation and Reporting of Student Achievement

The percentage grade represents the quality of the student’s overall achievement of the expectations for the course and reflects the corresponding level of achievement as described in the achievement chart that follows. A final grade is recorded for this course, and a credit is granted and recorded for the course if the student has achieved a final grade of 50% or more.

The final grade for this course will be determined as follows: Seventy per cent of the grade will be based on evaluations conducted throughout the course.

Thirty per cent of the grade will be based on a final evaluation in the form of a practical project which is administered towards the end of this course.


King City SS TTJ4E

Course Evaluation

Assessment Category Methods of Assessment WeightKnowledge/Understanding Written, oral and/or practical tests

Student/teacher conferencingClass presentationsFormal projectsTeacher observationWritten assignmentsWritten reports on diagnostic tasks

70%

Thinking/Inquiry Practical demonstrationWritten reports Student – teacher conferencing

Communications Report writing focused on clarity and technical terminologyClass presentationsCustomer relationsNotebook

Applications Teacher observation of safe work habitsStudent/teacher conferencing

Final Assessment Teacher observation of “hands-on” skillsWritten testingProblem-solving and/or design tasks

30%

Major Teacher Resources

James E. Duffy, Modern Automotive Technology, 2009. ISBN 978-1-59070-956-6

Computer/online: Mitchell on Demand

CDX software

Submission and Assessment Policy

The following evaluation policy is consistent with Ministry, YRDSB and KCSS evaluation policies.

Due DatesDeadlines are meant to encourage students to make mature decisions about their work ethic and time management – we all lead busy lives and face numerous demands upon our time.


King City SS TTJ4E

1. If the students has not handed in work by the assigned due date, they have missed the opportunity to do so and the mark will be a zero for that assignment.

2. The student may submit their work prior to the due date to have the teacher assess and provide feedback. This provides the opportunity to revise and resubmit work by the due date in order to improve the student’s grade.

3. Assignments are due at the beginning of class on the due date. Absence is not an excuse for late submissions. If the work is done, the student should send it with a friend or relative, or submit it electronically to their teacher.

4. All rough work should be available to the teacher upon request. 5. Extensions of due dates are available to individuals who show a good work ethic in class. If the students is

not able to meet a due date it is their responsibility to speak with their teacher, at least one day before the due date, so that an extension can be arranged. There will be no extensions granted the day assignments are due.

6. Late assignments may be graded, or marked only as complete.7. Assignments submitted after class work has been returned will not be graded

Unit # 1

Lab and Course Orientation, Safety & Careers.

Time: 10 HoursDescription: Students will understand and describe the course requirements that they are expected to fulfill. They are expected to know the structure of the shop and be able to locate each workstation as required. The students will identify and document the potential and real dangers in a shop. The importance of using safety in the shop will be reinforced in all areas. This will be communicated through a written evaluation. Students will also identify career opportunities in transportation-related fields and the education and training required.

Unit Overview ChartUnit Overall Expectations Assessment Focus1 D1,D2

Specific Expectations:C1.1,C1.2,C1.3,D1.1,D1.2,D1.3, D1.4,D1.5

Shop, hoist safety theory and practical tests. Minimum of 80% to pass theory test and 100% to pass the practical test. In class theory lessons and textbook assignments. Career opportunities will also be covered.

Knowledge/ UnderstandingThinking/InquiryApplication,Communication

Formative: Written assignments Diagnostic assessment tasks Teacher observation Practical assessment in shop environment

Summative: Unit test: Shop Safety written test Shop Practical Test


King City SS TTJ4E

Unit 2: Engine Operations

Time: 35 hoursUnit DescriptionThis unit involves students acquiring a comprehensive knowledge base in the concepts, terminology, and operation of single, multiple cylinder engines, and drivelines. Students will engage in activities focused on service and repair of engines systems on live vehicles. Troubleshooting of engine noises, faults and no start conditions will be examined. Power conversion techniques, power transfer, and control systems will also be covered. Students will be expected to research and present an alternative powered vehicle of their choice. Developing skills in reading and applying technical information will help students become more effective communicators. Respect for the environment, and wise use of resources are identified as key responsibilities throughout the unit.

Strand(s) and ExpectationsUnit Overview Chart

Unit Overall Expectations Assessment Focus2 A1, A3, A5, B1,B2,B3,B4,C2,D1

Specific Expectations:A1.1,A1.2,A1.3,A1.4,A3.1,A3.2,A3.4,A3.5,A3.6,B1.1,B1.2,B1.3,B1.5,B1.6,B2.1,B2.2,B2.3,B2.4,B2.5,B2.6,B2.7,B3.1,B3.2,B3.3,B3.4,B4.1,C2.2,D2.4

Knowledge/ UnderstandingThinking/InquiryApplication

Hands on tear down, rebuilding and diagnosis of live vehicle engines. In class theory lessons, investigations, performance tasks involving vehicle systems, functions. Textbook assignments.

Formative: Practical tasks Investigations / Collaborative Inquiries Written assignments Teacher observation

Summative: Unit test Hands on Performance Tasks

Unit 3:

Unit #3: Driveline Unit

Time: 25 hoursUnit DescriptionThis unit involves students acquiring fundamental knowledge in the concepts, terminology, and operation of different driveline units. Students will engage in activities focused on troubleshooting, service and repair of drivetrain components in standard automatic and Continuous Variable Transmissions, e.g. single dry disc clutch, CVT drive belts and multi disc clutches and driveshaft’s. Power conversion techniques, power transfer, and control systems will also be covered. Alternative energy sources and control systems will be examined from the perspective of their social, environmental, and economic impact.

Strand(s) and Expectations


King City SS TTJ4E

Unit Overview Chart Unit Overall Expectations Focus Assessment3 A2, A3, A5, B2,B3,B4, D1

Specific Expectations:A2.3,A2.4,A2.5,A3.2,A3.3,A5.2, B2.1,B2.2, B4.1, B4.3, D1.2,D1.4,D1.6

In class driveline theory lessons, Hands on investigations and performance tasks on live vehicle systems.




Unit # 4

Control Systems, Steering, Suspension, Brake and Body Systems

Time: 15 hoursUnit DescriptionThis unit involves students acquiring an advanced knowledge base in the concepts, terminology, and operation of steering, suspension, Stability, Traction and ABS brake systems. Students will engage in activities focused on steering, suspension and brakes, testing and diagnosis of different systems and faults. Practical applications will be covered through service and repair of different types of vehicle systems. Developing skills in reading and applying technical information will help students become more effective communicators. Respect for the environment, and wise use of resources are identified as key responsibilities throughout the unit.


Unit Overall Expectations Assessment Focus2 B3,B4,D1

Specific Expectations:B3.1,B3.2,B4.1,B4.2,B4.3,D1.2,D1.4,D1.6

Knowledge/ UnderstandingThinking/InquiryApplication

Hands on tear down, rebuild and diagnosis. In class theory lessons, investigations, performance tasks on vehicle systems, functions etc. Textbook assignments.


Summative:


King City SS TTJ4E

Unit test Hands on Performance Tasks

Unit 5Interior and Exterior Vehicle Care and MaintenanceTime: 10 hoursUnit Description

This unit involves students acquiring a comprehensive knowledge base in washing and waxing the entire exterior of a vehicle and cleaning and maintaining its interior. Students will explore the elements and which can affect the paint and vehicle’s finish, e.g. UV rays, acid rain, salt, atmospheric pollution, bird droppings, and insects. Students will investigate the impact of maintaining the interior and exterior of a vehicle, including vehicle aesthetics and its effects on resale.


UNIT Overall Expectations Focus Assessment5 A2

Specific Expectations:A2.1,A2.2,A2.3,A2.4,A2.5

Interior and exterior vehicle care and maintenance.


Formative: Written assignments Practical tasks Investigations / Collaborative Inquiries Teacher observation


Unit # 6Design and build a vehicle system

Unit Description(Design Process Summative Evaluation 30%)Time: 15 Hours

In this unit, students will be responsible to research, produce and present a scale model automotive system of their choice. Students will analyze the efficiency of various types of systems used on vehicles and identify how the system works in detail and explain the characteristics that determine efficient operation. They will demonstrate an understanding of the importance of aesthetic appeal and ergonomic principals in vehicle system design.


King City SS TTJ4E

Strand(s) and Expectations

Unit Overview ChartCluster Overall Expectations Assessment Focus6 B3,B4

Specific Expectations:B4.2,B4.3,B4.1,B3.1,B1.4,B1.5,B1.6,C2.1,C2.3

Design, build and present a vehicle system to the class.

Knowledge/ UnderstandingThinking/InquiryApplication, Communication

Formative: Written assignments Practical tasks Investigations / Collaborative Inquiries Teacher observation

Summative: Hands on performance task.

Teaching Strategies:- extensions for completing assignments or assessment tasks- modifying the format of the assessment materials- providing assistance from the resource department- providing a quiet place for student assessment- providing the use of word processors and or oral responses- allowing students to redo classroom tests or assignments

Differentiated Instruction: Use small-group instruction to reteach students having difficulty Demonstrate ideas or skills in addition to talking about them. Use reading partners to support understanding of text or supplementary materials. Use videotapes to supplement and support explanations and lectures. Use student questions and topics to guide lectures and materials selection. Present material in visual, auditory, and kinesthetic modes. Teach with whole-to-part and part-to-whole approaches. Use tiered activities (activities at different levels of difficulty, but focused

on the same key learning goals). Use applications, examples, and illustrations from a wide range of intelligences. Make task directions more detailed and specific for some learners and more open for others. Use both like-readiness and mixed-readiness work groups. Use interest-based work groups and discussion groups. Provide small-group discussions at varied levels of complexity and focused on a

variety of skills. Vary the pacing of student work.

Allow students to specialize in aspects of a topic that they find interesting and to share their findings with others.

Allow multiple options for how students express learning. Encourage students to work together or independently Lead optional, in-class, small-group discussions on various facets of product development. Encourage students to demonstrate key knowledge, understanding and skills in related

topics of special interest.(Differentiation in practice: Tomlinson & Strickland 2005)

Literacy:


King City SS TTJ4E

DEAR 15 minutes each Friday Think Literacy Documents:

- Reading Graphical Text pg.14- Reading Informational Texts (Safety Literacy) pg.20- Writing a Report ( Project Management) pg.40

Career Education:Ongoing discoveries and innovations coupled with rapidly evolving technologies haveresulted in an exciting environment in which creativity and innovation thrive, bringingabout new career opportunities. Today’s employers seek candidates with strong technicalskills, critical-thinking and problem-solving skills, and the ability to work cooperativelyin a team, traits that are developed through participation in technological education.Technological education courses enable students to develop problem-solving skills, designskills, technical knowledge and skills, and the ability to conduct research, present results,and work on projects both independently and in a team environment.

Cooperative Education and other forms of Experiential LearningCooperative education and other forms of experiential learning, such as job shadowing,field trips, and work experience, are central to technological education, enabling studentsto apply the skills they have developed in the classroom to real-life activities in thecommunity and in the world of technological innovation. Cooperative education andother workplace experiences also help to broaden students’ knowledge of employmentopportunities in a wide range of fields, including industrial, motive power, construction,service, and agricultural trades; engineering; hospitality and tourism; and health care. Inaddition, students develop their understanding of workplace practices, certifications, andthe nature of employer–employee relationships. Teachers of technological education cansupport their students’ learning by maintaining links with community-based businessesto ensure that students have access to hands-on experiences that will reinforce the knowledgeand skills gained in school.Students who choose a technological education course as the related course for two cooperativeeducation credits are able, through this packaged program, to meet the group 1, 2,and 3 compulsory credit requirements for the OSSD.

Technology: internet Powerpoint presentations/LCD Digital Video presentations

Accommodations: IEP and ELL accommodations as identified; providing exceptional students with opportunities to gain the skills and knowledge to make a successful

transition to workplace and / or apprenticeship programs in the community; using special reading resources consistent with students’ reading and learning styles; use of video tapes to help students understand material; hands-on resources that extend learning collaborative groups work in cooperation with resource teachers independent learning in cooperation with parents about study conditions at home/course outlines


King City SS TTJ4E

Course Syllabus:

Transportation Technology,Grade 12

Open TTJ4E

This course introduces students to the servicing, repair, and maintenance of vehiclesthrough practical applications. The course is appropriate for all students as a generalinterest course to prepare them for future vehicle operation, care, and maintenance or forentry into an apprenticeship in the motive power trades. Students will develop anawareness of environmental and societal issues related to transportation, and will learnabout careers in the transportation industry and the skills and training required for them.

Prerequisite: None

Units of Study:

Units: Titles and TimeUnit 1 Lab and Course Orientation, Safety & Careers. 10 hours

Unit 2 Engine Operations 35 hours

Unit 3 Driveline Unit 25 hours

Unit 4 Control Systems, Brakes, Steering and Suspension Systems 15 hours

Unit 5 Interior and Exterior Vehicle Care and Maintenance 10 hours

Unit 6 Design and Build an Automobile System 15 hours

Evaluation and Reporting of Student Achievement

The percentage grade represents the quality of the student’s overall achievement of the expectations for the course and reflects the corresponding level of achievement as described in the achievement chart that follows. A final grade is recorded for this course, and a credit is granted and recorded for the course if the student has achieved a final grade of 50% or more.


King City SS TTJ4E

The final grade for this course will be determined as follows: Seventy per cent of the grade will be based on evaluations conducted throughout the course.

Thirty per cent of the grade will be based on a final evaluation in the form of a practical project which is administered towards the end of this course.

Evaluation:

70% Term Mark(Assessment instruments may include performance tasks, performance problems, oral presentations, assignments, tests and / or quizzes.

Knowledge and understanding 15%Application 20%Thinking and Inquiry 20%Communication 15%

30% Final EvaluationEvaluation instruments may include design and build projects, oral presentations, and tech reports.
