ObjectivesO Discuss cause of a heart attack and how

to reduce your risk of heart disease

O Examine heart attack warning signs

O Review the importance of rapid treatment for a heart attack

O Demonstrate Hands-Only CPR

Heart Disease: Major Problem in the United States

O Heart disease #1 killer of adults

O Coronary heart diseaseO Affects 17.6 million Americans

O Heart AttackO 1.2 million affected each yearO 4,100 per dayO 800,000 deaths per yearO Half occur before reaching the ER

What is a Heart Attack?O Blood flow through one

of the coronary arteries becomes blocked.

O Heart disease, which can lead to a heart attack, develops over time as fatty deposits narrow the coronary arteries, restricting blood flow to the heart.

Controllable Risk Factors

O Cigarette smoking

O Diabetes

O High blood cholesterol

O High blood pressure

O Overweight/obesity

O Physical inactivity

Non-Controllable Risk Factors

O Age

O Gender

O Race/heredity

O Family history of early heart disease

O Previous heart attack or other signs of heart disease

What is a Heart Attack Really Like?

O Heart attacks often begin with vague symptoms that slowly intensify.

O Pain or discomfort can be relatively mild.

O Symptoms may come and go for hours and/or days.

Heart Attack Warning Signs

O Chest pain (ache, burning, pressure, tightness)

O Shortness of breathO Left arm painO Jaw painO Neck/back painO Nausea/vomitingO Feeling weak, lightheaded, or faint

Heart Attack in WomenO Women are as vulnerable as men.

O Tend to delay longer than men in seeking help.

O Likely to experience:O Shortness of breathO FatigueO Nausea/vomitingO Back or jaw pain

Reaction to a Heart Attack

O May not be sure it is a heart attack

O May confuse with symptoms of other diseases or conditions, such as heartburn or indigestion

O May ignore symptoms or take a wait-and-see approach

Delay Can Be DeadlyO Early recognition is

key

O 85% of heart damage occurs within the first 2 hours of blockage

O Within 6 hours of blockage, there is usually total damage

www.flickr.com

Importance of Rapid Treatment for Heart Attack

O Quick action and medical treatment restores blood flow and saves heart muscle

O Treatments should begin within 1 hour after symptoms start

O Dead heart muscle cannot be restored

Do Not Wait to Call 9-1-1

Importance of Activating Emergency Medical Services

O Medical treatment is started by EMTs and Paramedics

O Able to obtain EKG, administer medications and oxygen

O Communicate with hospital nurses and physicians

O Activate Cardiac Specialists from the ambulance

Why People Do Not Call 9-1-1O Think symptoms are not bad enough

O Think transporting self is faster

O Concern about embarrassmentO Don’t want to cause a sceneO Don’t want to bother the EMTs

O Too expensive

O Unaware of benefits of using 9-1-1

Sudden Cardiac ArrestO Heartbeat stops abruptly and

unexpectedly which stops flow of blood to the bodyO Loss of consciousness, unresponsiveO Loss of normal breathingO Loss of pulse

O 95% of deaths from sudden cardiac arrest occur before arriving at the hospital and are often witnessed by family, friends, or co-workers

O CPR and access to an AED can double the chance of survival

What do you do if someone collapses in

front of you?

Step 1: Check for Response

O Tap or gently shake victim

O Ask the victim loudly-“Are you OK?”

Step 2: CallO Have someone

call 911, or call 911 yourself

O Ask someone to find the closest AED

Step 3: CompressO Initiate hands-

only CPR

O Push hard and fast

O 100 times a minute! Hand Placement

Early Defibrillation with AED

AED OperationO Call 9-1-1 (Have bystander start CPR)O Turn AED power onO Remove top/shirtO Place AED pads directly on chest (not

abdomen)O Follow AED promptsO Push shock if indicatedO Resume CPR

For information on how to make your agency or group part of the

Heart of America HeartSafe Community go to:

WWW.wycokck.org/HeartSafe

ReferencesO American Heart Association. (2010). Emergency Response: Hands-Only CPR. Retrieved March 16, 2014, from

http://bethebeat.heart.org/media/pdf/LessonPlansFinal/HandsOnlyCPR.pdf

O American Heart Association. (2014). Hands Only CPR: Learn More. Retrieved March 16, 2014, from

http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/CPRAndECC/HandsOnlyCPR/LearnMore/Learn-More_UCM_440810_FAQ.jsp

O Beltina.org. (n.d.). Atherosclerosis - what is, definition, symptoms and treatment. Retrieved March 16, 2014, from

http://www.beltina.org/health-dictionary/atherosclerosis-coronary-definition-symptoms-treatment.html

O Bloomberg News. (2012, February 22). Women: Beware of Stealth Heart Attacks. Retrieved March 16, 2014, from

Newsmax Health: http://www.newsmaxhealth.com/Health-News/women-heart-attack-chest-pain-die/2012/02/22/id/

481827/

O Deputy Heart Attack. (2011-2013). The EHAC Course. Retrieved March 16, 2014, from

http://www.deputyheartattack.org/index.html

ReferencesO Hawk, T. (n.d.). If I Only had a Heart. Retrieved March 16, 2014, from flickr:

http://www.flickr.com/photos/thomashawk/54164255

O Maine Cardiovascular Health Council; Maine Emergency Medical Services, Department of Public Safety. (2013).

Maine HeartSafe Communities. Retrieved March 16, 2014, from http://www.mainecardiohealth.org/Heartsafe

%20Educational%20PP%20updated%202013.pdf

O National Institute of Health. (2002, February 21). NHLBI Issues Resources To Help Americans "Act In Time To Heart

Attack Signs". NIH News Release. Retrieved March 16, 2014, from http://www.nih.gov/news/pr/feb2002/nhlbi-

21.htm

O New Hampshire Department of Safety Division of Fire Standards and Training and Emergency Medical Services;

New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services, Division of Public Health. (n.d.). New Hampshire

HeartSafe. Retrieved March 16, 2014, from

http://www.nh.gov/safety/divisions/fstems/ems/documents/HeartSafe_Communities.pdf

ReferencesO Schulke, J. (2012, June 7). How to perform CPR: Chest compressions. Retrieved March 16, 2014, from

examiner.com: http://www.examiner.com/article/how-to-do-cpr-performing-chest-compressions

O Stanton, M. (2012, June). You Can Save a Life. Retrieved March 16, 2014, from AARP:

http://www.aarp.org/health/conditions-treatments/info-06-2011/learn-hands-only-cpr-in-60-seconds.html

O Tate, N. (2013, February 15). Many Women Underestimate Heart Risks. Retrieved March 16, 2014, from Newsmax

Health: http://www.newsmaxhealth.com/Health-News/Women-Underestimate-Heart-Risks/2013/02/15/id/490598/

O The Heart Foundation. (2014). What is Heart Disease? Retrieved March 16, 2014, from

http://www.theheartfoundation.org/heart-disease-facts/about-heart-disease/