Kazuaki Miyagishima & Lea KnopfScientific and Technical Department OIE

Official recognition of rinderpest free Official recognition of rinderpest free

statusstatus historical perspective and achievementshistorical perspective and achievements

Joint FAO/OIE Committee on Global Rinderpest Eradication

Rome, 3 December 2009

OIE’s Mandate under the WTO, SPS Agreement:

Achieved through the principle of• Science-based provisions

- Risk assessments- Use of international standards

(“harmonization”)• Transparent procedures• Endorsement by all Members

Avoid arbitrary levels of protection (“consistency”)Accept “equivalence” Recognize disease- and pest-free areas Notify measures taken (“transparency”)Technical assistance

„Recognition of disease free areas“

or to official recognition of animal disease status

Is in line with OIE’s mandate given by its Members to

improve animal health worldwide and OIE’s objectives to

• promote Veterinary Services; • safeguard world trade in animals and animal

products;• ensure transparency in the global animal disease

situation; and• encourage international solidarity in the control of

animal diseases

Resulting framework of official disease status

recognition• Procedure developed under the responsibility of the

Scientific Commission of OIE (focus technical aspects )• Procedure and proposed disease statuses adopted by all

OIE Members (focus on policy aspects)• Standardisation of disease control• Based on OIE international standards• Guarantees to trading partners, also at a long term

perspective- That Veterinary Services meet baseline requirements for disease

control and trade activities- Proof by documented and updated evidence on disease free situation

FMD RP CBPP BSE

20001996 20042003

Official recognition of rinderpest free status and global eradication of

rinderpest

1. Review standards and pathway2. Changes in recognition policy3. Progress countries recognized

free

1. Review of the provisions on rinderpest (OIE Terrestrial Code)

The experts of the Ad hoc Group on rinderpest and of the Scientific Commission considered the following:

a) Global eradication of RP is almost achieved

b) RP vaccination has ceased in almost all countries

c) Clinical disease has not been observed since a number of years

d) Surveillance and interventions need to be adapted towards more tailored & targeted approaches

e) Supportive observations submitted by PACE

Serological surveillance *

-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5

Time in years

Intend to eradicaterinderpest

Provisionalfreedom

from disease

Freedomfrom

disease

Freedomfrom

infection *

* If serological surveillance starts in year 3 then Freedom from Infection may be recognised

after year 4

No clinical disease No clinical disease and no vaccination

MUST STOP

VACCINATION

The old OIE pathway, a stepwise, lengthy approach

Update of the Terrestrial Code - the new chapter on rinderpest

Infection freeInfection free

Disease freeDisease free *

Provisionally free (self-declaration) *

* Zoning possible

Terrestrial Code 2007

Infection free, only country wide

Shorter time framesShorter time frames To qualify for rinderpest (infection) free status

•No outbreak, no evidence of infection and no vaccination for >24 months (or eligible for historical freedom)

For recovery of free status, fast track

•Favouring a stamping out option (possible after 3 to 6 months)

Fewer categoriesFewer categories

2. Facilitating policy change - geographical and historical risk

Admission to the baseline list of rinderpest free countries or territories following letter from the Delegate

List as rinderpest free countries or territories following evaluation of a dossier (on the basis of historical freedom or classic dossier)

3 ways of achieving RP free status:

• Letter declaration historical freedom− Countries and territories of a region that never experienced RP

− According the declaration by Delegates for establishment of the baseline list of historically RP free Members in 1999

• Dossier for historical freedom− Countries and territories based in a region that experienced RP in

the past, country eradicated RP >25 years ago, stopped vaccination > 10 years

− Focus on provisions of historical freedom of the Terrestrial Code

• Classical dossier including RP specific surveillance− Any other country or territory not fitting into the above

categories

− Classical questionnaire, all sections need to be addressed

The baseline list of 86 Members recognized free from rinderpest

infection… (based on historical grounds)

May 2000May 2000

Since then many dossiers were submitted and evaluated…

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

General Session (year)

nu

mb

er

of

RP

ap

plic

ati

on

s

ev

alu

ate

d a

nd

ad

op

ted

Evaluated and adopted rinderpest free Unsuccessful evaluation

Countries and territories recognized free from RP infection

(or under evaluation) December 2009

12 Countries and territories under evaluation

Current stage and progress achieved

In close collaboration with FAO and In close collaboration with FAO and regional organizations (e.g. AU/IBAR, SPC)regional organizations (e.g. AU/IBAR, SPC)

1. Facilitated procedure based on historical and geographical RP risk adopted

2. Need to officially recognize RP free status of ALL countries and territories having rinderpest susceptible livestock

• Assembling documented proof that RP virus has ceased to circulate ongoing

• Remaining countries not yet recognised face difficulties due to various reasons

3. Clarification of RP status of non-contiguous territories

• Almost finalised

4. Inclusion of countries and territories not yet Members of OIE (support by FAO, OIE Regional Representations and regional organisations)

• A first list containing both, OIE Members and non-OIE Members was adopted by the World Assembly of OIE Delegates in May 2009

World Organisation for Animal Health12 rue de Prony, 75017 Paris

Tel: 33 (0) 1 44 15 18 88Fax: 33 (0) 1 42 67 09 87

Email: oie@oie.inthttp://www.oie.int

Spare slides in case of needSpare slides in case of need

OIE Member applies for official dis. stat. recog.by submission of documented evidence

1.

Outline of the procedure

Adoption of the updated list of free Members by the OIE World Assembly by consensus – formal resolution

5.

Outcomes published on OIE Web site6.

Endorsement of recommendation on given disease status by the Scientific Commission who update the proposed list

4.

Examination of data and supporting documents by renowned experts (ad hoc Group) reporting to the Scientific Commission

2.

Possibility of sending an expert mission to the country3.

Rinderpest free countryKey criteria to be recognized as a rinderpest free country:

1. have a record of regular and prompt animal disease reporting;

2. send a declaration to the OIE stating that:a) there has been no outbreak of RP during the past 24 months;b) no evidence of RPV infection has been found during the past

24 months;c) no vaccination against RP has been carried out during the past

24 months,

3. Surveillance to detect RP in place

4. No import of RP vaccinated animals

Freedom based on historical groundsRecognised free from infection without formally applying a pathogen-specific surveillance programme when:

• disease has never occurred;

• eradication has been achieved for at least 25 years

Provided that for at least the past 10 years:• the disease has been notifiable;

• an early detection system has been in place;

• measures to prevent infection introduction have been in place;

• no vaccination against the disease

Further• infection is not known to be established in wildlife