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State: KARNATAKA

Agriculture Contingency Plan for District:KOPPAL

1.0 District Agriculture profile

1.1 Agro-Climatic/Ecological Zone

Agro Ecological Sub Region (ICAR) North Sahyadris and Western Karnataka Plateau , hot dry sub humid (3.0)

Agro-Climatic Region (Planning

Commission)

Southern Plateau and Hills Region ( X )

Agro Climatic Zone (NARP) Northern Dry zone ( KA-3)

List all the districts or part thereof fallingunder the NARP Zone

Entire District: Bijapur, Bagalkot, Gadag, Bellary, KoppalPart of District: Belgaum, Dharwad, Raichur, Davanagere

Geographic coordinates of district Latitude Longitude Altitude

15-21N to 15 -45N 76-10 E to 76-32 E 582.0 m

Name and address of the concerned ZRS/ZARS/ RARS/ RRS/ RRTTS Associate Director of ResearchRegional Agricultural Research Station, P. B.No. 18-

Mention the KVK located in the district Krishi Vigyan Kendra,P.O.Gangavathi , Koppal (Dist)

1.2 Rainfall NormalRF(mm)

NormalRainydays(number)

Normal Onset( specify week and month)

Normal Cessation(specify week and month)

SW monsoon (June-Sep): 3722 nd week of June

4 week of September

NE Monsoon(Oct-Dec): 1272 nd week of October

4 h week of November

Winter (Jan- March) --

- -

Summer (Apr-May) 73 - -

Annual 572 36 - -

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1.3 Land use

pattern of the

district (lateststatistics)

Geographicalarea

Forest area Land undernon-agricultural use

Permanentpastures

Cultivablewasteland

Land underMisc. treecrops andgroves

Barren anduncultivableland

Currentfallows

Otherfallows

Area (000ha) 552.5 29.5 38.9 14.7 2.6 0.2 16.6 68.4 0.0

1. 4 Major Soils (common names like shallow

red soils etc.,)

Area (000 ha) Percent (%) of total

Red soils 253.0 66.Medium deep black soils 131.5 34Others (specify):

1.5 Agricultural land use Area (000 ha) Cropping intensity %

Net sown area 349.2 124.20

Area sown more than once 84.5

Gross cropped area 433.7

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1.6 Irrigation Area (000 ha) Percent (%)

Net irrigated area 77.0 26.7

Gross irrigated area 141.7

Rainfed area 272.2 73.3

Sources of Irrigation Number Area (000 ha) Percentage of total irrigated areaCanals 30.0 29.8

Tanks - 0.5 0.5

Open wells - -- 0Bore wells - 65.0 64.6

Lift irrigation - 1.3 1.1Micro-irrigation 1.3 1.0Other sources

Total Irrigated Area 122.9Pump setsNo. of Tractors

Groundwater availability and use* (Data

source: State/Central Ground water

Department /Board)

No. of blocks/Tehsils

(%) area

Over exploited -Critical -

Semi- critical -Safe -Wastewater availability and use -Ground water quality -

*over-exploited: groundwater utilization > 100%; critical: 90-100%; semi-critical: 70-90%; safe:

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1.7 Area under major field crops & horticulture etc. (2008-09)

1.7 Major Field Crops cultivated Area (000 ha)

Kharif Rabi Summer Total

Irrigated Rainfed Irrigated Rainfed

1 Sunflower 13.8 25.0 2.0 47.1 7.9 75.82 Paddy 35.8 0.2 - - 35.0 71.03 Sorghum 4.0 11.0 - 50.0 1.5 66.54 Bajra 1.0 58.0 - - - 59.0

5 Groundnut 5.0 24 - - 21.0 50.06 Maize 10.0 12 4 1.6 2.0 29.67 Bengalgram - - - 20.0 0.8 20.88 Cotton 1.45 0.35 - 16.8 - 18.69 Sugarcane 0.9 - - - 0.4 1.3

Horticulture crops - Fruits Total area

1 Pomegranate 6.02 Mango 2.6

3 Banana 1.44 Sapota 0.85 Papaya 0.6

6 Total 11.3Horticultural crops - Vegetables Total area

1 Green Chillies 0.82 Brinjal 0.73 Okra 0.5

Medicinal and Aromatic crops Total area

1 Periwinkle 0.02

2 Dry chilli 0.203 Coriander 0.02

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1.8 Livestock Male (number) Female (number) Total (number)

1 Non descriptive Cattle (local low yielding) 108.3 120.1 228.5

2 Crossbred cattle 2.5 14.1 16.6

3 Non descriptive Buffaloes (local low yielding) 11.0 97.7 108.8

4 Graded Buffaloes

5 Goat 199.4

6 Sheep 474.9

7 Others ( Pig+Dog+Rabbit ) 6.67

8 Commercial dairy farms (Number)

1.9 Poultry No. of farms Total No. of birds (000)

1 Commercial 2097.69

2 Backyard1.10 Fisheries (Data source: Chief Planning Officer)

A. Capture

i) Marine (Data Source: No. of fishermen Boats Nets Storage

Plantation crops Total area

1 Coconut 1.32 Oil Palm 0.53 Tamarind 0.2

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Fisheries Department) Mechanized Non-mechanized

Mechanized(Trawl nets,

Gill nets)

Non-mechanized(Shore Seines,

Stake & trap nets)

facilities (Ice

plants etc.)

Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil

ii) Inland (Data Source:Fisheries Department)

No. Farmer owned ponds No. of Reservoirs No. of village tanks

700 5 33

B. Culture

Water Spread Area (ha) Yield (t/ha) Production (000 tons)

i) Brackish water (Data Source:MPEDA/ Fisheries Department)ii) Fresh water (Data Source: FisheriesDepartment)

1000 2.40 2400

Others

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1.11 Production and Productivity of major crops (Average of last 3 years: 2007, 08, 09)1.11 Name of crop Kharif Rabi Summer Total Crop

residue asfodder(000tons)

Production('000 t) Productivity(kg/ha) Production('000 t) Productivity(kg/ha) Production('000 t) Productivity(kg/ha) Production('000 t) Productivity(kg/ha)

Major Field crops (Crops to be identified based on total acreage)

1 Paddy 212.1 3012 -- --- 136.4 3883 348.5 3447 -2 Maize 66.3 2643 13.33 3658 4.70 3067 84.4 3123 -3 Sorghum 14.3 1310 37.25 767 2.62 1983 54.2 1353 -

4 Bajra 44.8 1280 --- --- ---- --- 44.8 1280 -5 Groundnut 13.3 975 ---- --- 32.29 1500 90.3 1238 -6 Sunflower 33.4 1044 22.93 780 7.32 1217 63.7 1014 -

Major Horticultural crops (Crops to be identified based on total acreage)1 Pomegranate - - - - - - 47.9 15326 -2 Mango - - - - - - 28.0 12380 -3 Banana - - - - - - 39.2 31366 -4 Coconut - - - - - - 14780 146 -

5 Sapota - - - - - - 8.7 14112 -

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1.12 Sowing window

for 5 major field

crops

(start and end ofnormal sowingperiod)

Sunflower Paddy Sorghum Bajra Groundnut Bengalgram

Kharif- Rainfed 1 st week of June to 4th week of August

---- 1 st week of May to 4 hweek of June

1 st week ofJune to 4 thweek of July

1 st week of Juneto 4 th week of July

-

Kharif-Irrigated 1 st week of June to4 th week of July

--- - 1 st week of Juneto 4 th week of July

-

Rabi- Rainfed - ---- 3 d week of September- 3rd week of October

- - 3 d week of

September- 3 rdweek of October

Rabi-Irrigated 1 st week to 4 hweek of October -

---- ----- - - -

1.13 What is the major contingency the

district is prone to? (Tick mark and

mention years if known during the last 10year period)

Regular Occasional None

Drought

--

-

Flood - -Cyclone - -Hail storm - -

Heat wave - - Cold wave - - Frost - - Pests and diseases (specify) - -Sea water intrusion - -

Others - -

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1.14 Include Digital maps of

the district for

Location map of district within State as Annexure I Enclosed: Yes

Mean annual rainfall as Annexure 2 Enclosed: Yes

Soil map as Annexure 3 Enclosed: Yes

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Annexure-1

Location map of Koppal in Karnataka

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Annexure-2

Average rainfall Map of Koppal district

Average rainfall (mm)of Koppal District from 1995-2008

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2.0 Strategies for weather related contingencies

2.1 Drought

2.1.1 Rainfed situation

Condition Suggested Contingency measures

Early season

drought (delayed

onset)

Major Farming

situation

Normal Crop/cropping system Change in crop/cropping

system

Agronomic

measures

Remarks

on

Implemen

tation

Delay by 2 weeks(June 3rd

week)

Rainfed KharifShallow black/Redsandy soils

Bajra No change No change

Sorghum

Groundnut

Sunflower

Maize

Red gram

Sesamum

Bajra+ Red gram (2:1) : Recommended varieties

Groundnut + Red gram (3:1or 4:2): Recommended varSorghum+ Groundnut

Rainfed post-monsoon.Deep black soils

Rabi sorghum Keep the landfallow in kharifby treating withcompartmentbunds & furrowsfor insitumoisture

conservation

Safflower

Cotton

Sunflower

Rabi- sorghum + Bengal gram: (2:1)

Bengal gram + Safflower: (4:2)

Rainfed croppingkharif and Rabi.

Kharif Rabi Kharif Rabi

Red gram ---- No change No change

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Medium deep todeep black/sandyclay soils

Green gram Rabi-sorghum

Castor Bengal

gram+Safflower

Groundnut Sunflower No change

Condition Major Farming

situation

Normal Crop/cropping system Suggested Contingency measures

Early seasondrought (delayed

onset)

Change in crop/croppingsystem

Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation

Delay by 4 weeks

(Specify month)

July 1 week

Rainfed KharifShallow black/Redsandy soils

Bajra No change Seed hardening, widerrow spacing

-

Sorghum Seed hardening

Groundnut

Sunflower

MaizeRed gram Use 20% higher seed rate Take up transplanting

Sesamum No change

Bajra+ Red gram (2:1) No change Seed hardening, widerrow spacing &20%higher seed rate in Redgram

Groundnut + Red gram (3:1or 4:2):Sorghum+ Groundnut

Setaria

SesamumCastor

Rainfed post-monsoon.Deep black soils

Rabi sorghum No change Keep the land fallowin kharif by treatingwith compartmentbunds & furrows forinsitu moistureconservation

Safflower

Cotton

Sunflower

Rabi- sorghum+ Bengal gram (2:1)

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Bengal gram+ Safflower: (4:2)

Rainfed croppingKharif and RabiMedium deepblack/sandy claysoils

Kharif Rabi Kharif Rabi No change

Red gram ---- No change ---Green gram Rabi-sorghum Fallow RabiSorghum

Castor No change

Groundnut Sunflower Fallow Sunflower

Sunflower Fallow No change Fallow


Early

season

drought

(delayed

onset)

Major Farming

situation

Normal Crop/cropping system Change in crop/cropping

system

Agronomic measures Remarks on

Implementation

Delay by

6 weeks

July 3rd

week

Rainfed KharifShallowblack/Red sandysoils

Hybrid Bajra with recommended varieties No change Seed hardening andwider row spacing

-

Sorghum Red gram

Groundnut Spreading varieties like S-230, DSG-1

Sunflower No change

Maize Setaria

HorsegramSesamum

Red gram Grow short durationvarieties like Pragathi

Use 20% higher seedrate, wider rowspacing

Bajra+ Red gram (2:1) No change Wider row spacingGroundnut + Red gram (3:1or 4:2) -

Rainfed areacropping in postmonsoon season

Rabi sorghum Follow in situ moisture conservation practices likeopening of compartment bunds, tied ridges andfurrows to conserve rainwater for regular sowing ofrabi crops

Safflower ---do---

Cotton

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Sunflower

Rabi- sorghum + Bengal gram : (2:1)

Bengal gram + Safflower (4:2)Rainfedcropping Kharifand RabiMedium deepblack/sandy claysoils


Red gram ---- No change ---

Green gram Rabi-sorghum Fallow Rabi-sorghum

Fallow Safflower No change No change

Groundnut Sunflower Fallow sunflower

Safflower No change

Rabi-sorghum+ Bengal

gram (2:1)Bengal gram+ Safflower


Early season

drought

(delayed

onset)

Major

Farming

situation

Normal Crop/cropping system Change in crop/cropping system Agronomic

measures

Remarks on

Implementation

Delay by 8

weeks

August 1st

week

Rainfed KharifShallowblack/Redsandy soils

Bajra Horsegram/setaria/sunflower -

Sorghum

Groundnut

Sunflower No change Wider rowspacing

Maize Horsegram/setaria/sunflower

Red gram Grow long duration varieties (Asha)Bajra+ Red gram (2:1) Sunflower

Groundnut + Red gram (3:1or 4:2):

Keep the landfallow in kharifby treating withcompartment

Rainfed areacropping inpost monsoon

Rabi sorghum No change

Safflower

Cotton

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season Horsegram bunds &furrows forinsitu moistureconservation

Sunflower

Rabi- sorghum+ Bengal gram : (2:1)Bengal gram+ Safflower: (4:2)

RainfedcroppingKharif andRabiMedium deepblack/sandyclay soils


Red gram -- Fallow Sorghum+ Bengalgram


Sorghum

Green gram Safflower Safflower

Groundnut Sunflower Sunflower

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Early seasondrought (Normalonset)

Major Farmingsituation

Normal Crop/cropping system Crop management Soil nutrient &moisture conservation

measues

Remarks onImplementati

on

Normal onset

followed by 15-20

days dry spell

after sowing

leading to poor

germination/cropstand etc.

Rainfed Kharif Shallowblack/Red sandy soils

Hybrid Bajra Thinning and intercultivationGap fillingResowing the cropwithin 15 days whenpopulation is 30%.

Opening conservationfurrows at 15-20m apart

Sorghum ---do--- ---do---

Groundnut

Sunflower

Maize

Red gram

Rainfed area cropping inpost monsoon season

Rabi sorghum Compartment bundingSafflowerCottonHorsegramSunflowerRabi- sorghum+ Bengal gram (2:1)

Bengal gram + Safflower: (4:2)Rainfed cropping Kharifand RabiMedium deepblack/sandy clay soils

Kharif Rabi

Red gram ----Green gram Rabi-sorghumBlack gram Safflower Opening furrows to

conserve waterGroundnut Sunflower

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Condition Major

Farming

situation

Normal Crop/cropping system Suggested Contingency measures

Mid season

drought (long dry

spell, consecutive 2weeks rainless

(>2.5 mm) period)

At vegetative stage

Crop management Soil nutrient &

moisture

conservationmeasues

Remarks on

Implementati

on

Rainfed KharifShallowblack/Redsandy soils

Bajra Repeated inter cultivationand weeding, removal ofweaklings between 30-45DAS

Opening ofconservationfurrows at 15-20mapart

Sorghum ---do---

Groundnut Repeated inter cultivationup to 45 days or peg

formation ,weeding, andmulching in spreadinggroundnut

Sunflower Repeated inter cultivationand weedingMaize

Red gram

Rainfed areacropping inpost monsoonseason

Rabi sorghum Repeated inter cultivationand weeding,

Removal of weaklingsbetween 30-45 DAS

Compartmentbunding

Safflower Repeated inter cultivationand weedingCotton

Horsegram

Sunflower

Rabi- sorghum+ Bengal gram (2:1)

Bengal gram + Safflower (4:2)

RainfedcroppingKharif andRabiMedium deepblack/sandyclay soils

Kharif Rabi

Red gram ---- Repeated inter cultivationand weeding

Opening furrows toconserve water


Black gram Safflower

Groundnut Sunflower

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Mid seasondrought (long dry

spell, consecutive 2

weeks rainless

(>2.5 mm) period)

MajorFarming

situation

Normal Crop/cropping system Crop management Soil nutrient &moisture

conservation

measues


on

At Flowering/

fruiting stage

Rainfed kharifShallowblack/Redsandy soils

Hybrid Bajra Repeated inter cultivationand weeding .Harvest thecrop for fodder purposeand allow for ratooning in

sole & intercropping

Openingconservationfurrows at 15-20 mapart. Spray anti

transpirants like5% Kaoline .Providesupplementalirrigation.

Sorghum Stripping of old &nonfunctional leaves.Repeated inter cultivationand weeding

---do---

Groundnut Harvesting for fodderpurpose

Foliar spraying of2% urea soon afterreceipt of rains

Sunflower Repeated inter cultivationand weeding

Openingconservationfurrows at 15-20 mapart

Maize Repeated inter cultivationand weeding. Harvesting

for fodder purpose.

do

Red gram Repeated inter cultivationand weeding

do


Rabi sorghum - Compartmentbunding

Safflower

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Cotton

Horsegram

SunflowerRabi- sorghum+ Bengal gram (2:1)

Bengal gram + Safflower: (4:2)

RainfedcroppingkharifandRabiMedium deepblack/sandyclay soils

Kharif Rabi

Red gram ---- Opening conservationfurrows at 15-20 m apart

-

Green gram Rabi-sorghum Incorporate greengram in

soilBlack gram Safflower

Groundnut Sunflower Foliar spraying of 2% urea

Bengal gram + safflower Harvest the crop

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Terminal drought MajorFarming

situation

Normal Crop/cropping system Crop management Soil nutrient& moisture

conservation

measues


on

Rainfed kharifShallowblack/Redsandy soils

Hybrid Bajra Harvest the crop atphysiological maturity & go forearly rabi crop. Harvest forfodder purpose in case ofsevere drought

Spraying ofantitranspirantslike 5%Kaoline &

providesupplementalirrigation

Sorghum --do--- ---do---

Groundnut

Sunflower supplementalirrigationMaize

Red gram


Rabi sorghum - Compartmentbunding

Safflower

Cotton

Horsegram

Sunflower

Rabi- sorghum + Bengal gram (2:1)Bengal gram + Safflower: (4:2)

3 RainfedcroppingKharif andRabiMedium deepblack/sandy

Kharif Rabi

Red gram ---- Harvest the crop atphysiological maturity & go forearly rabi crop. Harvest forfodder purpose in case ofsevere drought

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clay soils Green gram Rabi-sorghum ---do----

Black gram Safflower

Groundnut Sunflower

2.1.2 Irrigated situation


Major Farming

situation

Normal Crop/cropping

system

Change in crop/cropping

system


Implementation

Delayed release of

water in canals dueto low rainfall

Canal irrigatedblack soil

TBP area

Hybrid Jowar-wheat-Hybridbajra

No change

Hybrid bajra-cotton-groundnutGroundnut-no-Hybrid JowarPaddy-no-HybridJowar/GroundnutTBP left bank canalPaddy-paddy Paddy-paddy with short duration

varietiesFor 35-40 days oldseedlings use 4-5seedlings/hill in thecase of paddyProvide additional20% nitrogen tocompensate forreduced tillering

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Normal Crop/croppingsystem

Change in crop/croppingsystem


Limited release ofwater in canals dueto low rainfall

Canal irrigatedblack soil

TBP area

Hybrid Jowar-Hybrid bajraHybrid bajra-cotton-groundnutGroundnut-no-HybridjowarPaddy-no-HybridJowar/Groundnut,cotton

Irrigate the paddymaintaining saturation levelmoisture or adopt SRI

method f cultivationTBP left bank canal

Paddy-paddy Grow light irrigated crops likesunflower


Major Farming

situation


system


system


Implementation

Non release ofwater in canalsunder delayedonset of monsoonin catchment

- - - - -

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Normal Crop/croppingsystem

Change incrop/cropping

system


Lack of inflowsinto tanks due toinsufficient/delayed onset ofmonsoon

Kharif-irrigatedMedium deep todeep black/sandyclay soils

Maize Follow rain fedcropping system

Sorghum -do-

CottonGroundnut+ Red gram (4:2)

Rabi-irrigatedMedium deep todeep black/sandyclay soils

Green gram (rainfed)

Blackgram (rainfed)

Sunhemp green manuring


Major Farming

situation


system


system


Implementation

Insufficientgroundwater

recharge due tolow rainfall

Not applicable

Any othercondition (specify)

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2.2 Unusual rains (untimely, unseasonal etc) (for both rainfed and irrigated situations) and Heavy rainfall with high speed winds in a short span

Condition Suggested contingency measure

Continuous high

rainfall in a short

span leading to

water logging

Vegetative stage Flowering stage Crop maturity stage Post harvest

Maize Drain out excess waterTop dress the crop with N & KInter cultivation & weedingTake up foliar spray with water soluble NPK

FertilisersGap filling/ Resowing

Drain out excess waterEarthing up

Drain out excess water.Harvest at physiologicalmaturity & dry the cobs

Proper drying and storage

Sorghum Drain out excess waterTop dress the crop with N & KInter cultivation & weedingTake up foliar spray with water soluble NPKFertilisersGap filling/ Resowing

Drain out excess water Drain out excess water. Tyingup of lodged plants

Proper drying and storageGroundnut

Drain out excess waterTake up foliar spray with water soluble NPKFertilisersGap filling/ Resowing

Drain out excess water Drain out excess water andharvest

Proper drying and storagePaddy

Apply additional 25% RFD NPK Maintain optimum water levelDrain out excess water andharvest

Proper drying and storageSunflower Drain out excess water

Top dress the crop with N & KInter cultivation & weedingTake up foliar spray with water soluble NPKFertilisersGap filling/ Resowing

Drain out excess waterEarthing up

Drain out excess water.Harvesting and drying of

earhead

Proper drying and storage

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Horticulture

Pomegranate Provide Drainage Provide Drainage Harvest the crop at

physiological maturityimmediately

Shifting of produce to safer

placeMango Provide Drainage Do

Banana Provide DrainageApplication of Urea for induction ofvegetative growth

Coconut Provide Drainage Shifting of produce to saferplace

Sapota Provide Drainage Take up Harvest at

physiological maturity stage

Produce sent for market

Outbreak of pests

and diseases due

to unseasonal

rains Appropriate plant protection measures are to be taken up as given in package of practices for the following pests snd diseasesMaize

Leaf blight---

Cob borerSorghum

---Rust

Grain mold

Groundnut Leaf minorPaddy

------BPH and blast

Neck blastSunflower

Hairy caterpillar and necrosisEarhead borer

Earhead borerHorticulture

Pomegranate Control of pest and disease in an holistic

approaches with proper PP chemicals

Go for need based plant

protection measuresUse of neem based chemicals

Quicker harvest Use of clean and safer

packing materialsMango

Banana

Coconut Need based plant protection measures Need based plant protectionmeasures

---------

Sapota

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2.3 Floods

Condition Suggested contingency measure

Transient water

logging/ partial

inundation

Seedling / nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest

Maize Drain out excess waterTake up gap filling/ ResowingTake up foliar spray with water solubleNPK Fertilisers

Drain out excess waterWeeding and Topdressing

With urea

Drain out excess waterAnd earthing up

Drain out excess waterand harvesting and drying

Sorghum Drain out excess waterTake up gap filling/ ResowingTake up foliar spray with water solubleNPK Fertilisers


With urea

Drain out excess water Drain out excess waterTying of lodged plants andharvesting and drying

Groundnut Drain out excess water/ ResowingTake up foliar spray with water solubleNPK Fertilisers

Drain out excess water

Drain out excess waterDrain out excess waterHarvesting and drying ofpods

Paddy

Drain out excess water/ ResowingTake up foliar spray with water solubleNPK Fertilisers

Drain out excess waterApply additional 25% RFDNPK


Apply additional 25%RFD NPK Drain out excess water

Harvesting and drying

Hy. Cotton Drain out excess water/ ResowingTake up foliar spray with water solubleNPK Fertilisers Resowing

Take up foliar spray with water solubleNPK Fertilisers


Drain out excess water Drain out excess waterHarvesting and drying

Sunflower Drain out excess waterTake up gap filling. Drenching withfungicides


With urea

Drain out excess waterAnd earthing up

Drain out excess waterand harvesting and drying

Horticulture

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Pomegranate Provide Drainage 1) Provide immediate drainage by opening deep furrowsalong the slope at suitable intervals to drain the excessmoisture and provide aeration to the roots.

2) Spray the crop with 1% Urea or 19:19:19 all or applyUrea @ 45 kg/Acre and each up.

3) Spray the crop with water soluble NPK. Fertilizers 4 to5gm/Ltre

Harvest the produceimmediately and take upmarketing activities.

Mango

BananaCoconut

Sapota Provide Drainage

Continuous

submergence

for more than 2days

Maize

Draining the excess waterRe-sowing with seed treatment if mortality

is more otherwise take up gap filling

Drain out excess waterTop dressing with ureaweeding

Drain out excess waterEarthing up.Tying of

lodged plants


Harvesting and dryingSorghum




Drain out excess waterEarthing up.Tying oflodged plants

Drain out excess waterTying of lodged plantsHarvesting and drying

Bajra

Draining the excess waterRe-sowing / gap filling


Drain out excess waterEarthing up.Tying oflodged plants

Drain out excess waterTying of lodged plantsHarvesting and drying

Paddy Drain out excess water Drain out excess water Drain out excess water Drain out excess waterHarvesting and drying

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Sunflower




Drain out excess waterEarthing up.

Drain out excess waterHarvesting and drying

Horticulture

Pomegranate Provide Drainage Provide drainage & immediately pump out the water usingdiesel motorsMango

BananaCoconut

Sapota Provide Drainage

Sea water

intrusion NA

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2.4 Extreme events: Heat wave / Cold wave/Frost/ Hailstorm /Cyclone

Extreme event type Suggested contingency measurer

Seedling / nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest

Heat Wave

-NA-Cold wave

Frost

Hailstorm

Cyclone Measures to be adopted as suggested under heavy rains with high speed winds

2.5 Contingent strategies for Livestock, Poultry & Fisheries2.5.1 Livestock

Suggested contingency measures

Before the event During the event After the eventDrought

Feed andFodderavailability

As the district is frequently prone forfrequent drought, it should have reserves(feeding 5000 ACU (maintenance ration)for about 1-3 weeks period) of thefollowing at any point of the year formobilization to the needy areas

Silage:20-50 tUrea molasses mineral bricks(UMMB):50-100 tHay:100-250 tConcentrates: 20-50 tMinerals and vitaminsupplements mixture:1-5 t

Top dressing of N in 2-3 split doses @ 20-25 kg N/ha in CPRs with the monsoonpattern for higher biomass production

Harvest and use all the failed crop (Rice, Bajra, Groundnut,jowar, maize) material as fodder. Harvest the top fodder(Neem, Subabul, Acasia, Pipol etc) and unconventionalfeeds resources available and use as fodder for livestock(LS).Stall fed the LS so as to reduce the energy requirements ofthe animalsSupply silage / hay to farmers with productive stock onsubsidized ratesMild drought: hay should be transported to the droughtaffected villagesModerate drought: hay, silage and vitamin & mineralsmixture should be transported to the drought affectedvillagesSevere drought: UMMB, hay, concentrates and vitamin &mineral mixture should be transported to the drought

Short duration fodder crops ofSorghum / Bajra / Maize (UPChari, Pusa Chari, HC-136, HD-2/Rajkoo, Gaint Bajra, L-74, K-6677, Ananand / African tall,Kissan composite, Moti,Manjari, BI-7) should be sown inunsown and crop failed areasCapacity building to stakeholders on drought/floodmitigation in livestock sectorFlushing the stock to recoupReplenish the feed and fodderbanks

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crops in unsown and waterlogged areas when crops aredamaged and no chance to

replantApplication of urea (20-25kg/ha)in the inundated areas and CPRsto enhance the bio massproduction.

Floods In case of early forewarning (EFW),harvest all the crops (Rice, Bajra,Groundnut, jowar, maize etc.,) that can be

useful as fodder/feed in future (storeproperly)Dont allow the animals for grazing ifsevere floods are forewarnedAs regularly flood prone district, arrangefor storing minimum required quantity ofhay (25-50kg) and concentrates (25kgs)per animals in farmer / LS keepers house /shed for feeding animals during floodsArrangement for transportation of animalsfrom low lying area to safer places andalso for rescue animal health workers toget involve in rescue operations

Transportation of animals to elevated areasStall feeding of animals with stored hay and concentratesProper hygiene and sanitation of the animal shed

In severe floods, un-tether or let loose the animalsEmergency outlet establishment for required medicines orfeed in each villageSpraying of fly repellants in animal sheds

Repair of animal shedBring back the animals to theshed

Cleaning and disinfection of theshedBleach (0.1%) drinking water /water sourcesDeworming with broad spectrumdewormersVaccination against possibledisease out breaks like HS, BQ,FMD and PPRProper disposable of the deadanimals / carcasses by burning /deep burying (4-8 feet) with limepowder (1kg for small ruminantsand 5kg for large ruminants) inpitDrying the harvested cropmaterial and proper storage foruse as fodder.

Heat & Cold

wave

NA

Health andDiseasemanagement

Timely vaccination (as per enclosedvaccination schedule) against all endemicdiseasesProcure and stock emergency medicinesvaccines for important endemic diseasesof the areaSurveillance and disease monitoringnetwork to be established at Joint Director

Carryout deworming to all animals entering into reliefcampsIdentification and quarantine of sick animalsConstitution of Rapid Action Veterinary ForcePerforming ring vaccination (8 km radius) in case of anyoutbreakRestricting movement of livestock in case of any epidemicRescue of sick and injured animals and their treatment

Keep close surveillance ondisease outbreak.Undertake the vaccinationdepending on needKeep the animal houses cleanand spray disinfectants Farmersshould be advised to breed theirmilch animals during July-

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(Animal Husbandry) office in the district Organize with community daily lifting of dung from reliefcamps

September so that the peak milkproduction does not coincidewith mid summer

Insurance Encouraging insurance of livestock Listing out the details of the dead animals Submission for insurance claimand availing insurance benefitPurchase of new productiveanimals

Drinkingwater

Identification of water resourcesRain water harvesting and create waterbodies/watering points (when water isscarce use only as drinking water foranimals)Construction of drinking water tanks inherding places/village junctions/reliefcamp locations

Restrict wallowing of animals in water bodies/resources

Bleach (0.1%) drinking water /water sourcesProvide clean drinking water

Vaccination schedule in small ruminants (Sheep & Goat)

Disease Season

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) Preferably in winter / autumn

PPR All seasons, preferably in June-JulyBlack quarter (BQ) May / JuneEnterotoxaemia (ET) MayHaemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) March / JuneSheep pox (SP) December / march

Vaccination programme for cattle and buffalo:

Disease Age and season at vaccinationAnthrax In endemic areas only, Feb to MayHS May to JuneBQ May to JuneFMD November to December

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2.5.2 Poultry


Before the event During the event After the eventDrought

Shortage of feed ingredients Storing of house hold grain like maize,broken rice, bajra etc,Culling of weak birds

Supplementation only for productivebirds with house hold grainSupplementation of shell grit (calcium)for laying birds

Supplementation to all

Drinking water Rain water harvesting Sanitation of drinking water Give sufficient water as per thebirds requirement

Health and disease management Culling of sick birds.

Deworming and vaccination against RDand fowl pox

Mixing of Vit. A,D,E, K and B-

complex including vit C in drinkingwater

Hygienic and sanitation of poultry

houseDisposal of dead birds by burning /burying with line powder in pit

Floods

Shortage of feed ingredients In case of EFW, shift the birds to saferplaceStoring of house hold grain like maize,broken rice, bajra etc,Culling of weak birds

Use stored feed as supplementDont allow for scavenging

Routine practices are followed

Drinking water Provide clean drinking water Sanitation of drinking water Sanitation of drinking water

Health and disease management In case of EFW, add antibiotic powder indrinking water to prevent any diseaseoutbreak

Sanitation of poultry houseTreatment of affected birdsPrevent water logging surrounding theshedsAssure supply of electricitySprinkle lime powder to preventammonia accumulation due todampness

Disposal of dead birds by burning /burying with line powder in pitDisposal of poultry manure toprevent protozoal problemSupplementation of coccidiostats infeedVaccination against RD

Cyclone

Shortage of feed ingredients In case of EFW, shift the birds to saferplaceStoring of house hold grain like maize,broken rice, bajra etc,Culling of weak birds

Use stored feed as supplementDont allow for scavengingProtect from thunder storms

Routine practices are followed

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Drinking water Provide clean drinking water Sanitation of drinking water Sanitation of drinking water

Health and disease management In case of EFW, add antibiotic powder indrinking water to prevent any diseaseoutbreak

Sanitation of poultry houseTreatment of affected birdsPrevent water logging surrounding the

shedsAssure supply of electricitySprinkle lime powder to preventammonia accumulation due todampness

Disposal of dead birds by burning /burying with line powder in pitDisposal of poultry manure to

prevent protozoal problemSupplementation of coccidiostats infeedVaccination against RD

Heat wave and cold wave NA

2.5.3 Fisheries/ Aquaculture:


Before the event During the event After the event

1) Drought

A. Capture NA

Marine NA

Inland(i) Shallow water depth due toinsufficient rains/inflow

Stocking of advanced fingerlings inhalf or even less than the normalstocking density or stocking ofcommon carp seed

Immediate harvesting or decreasingthe density commensurate with thewater quantity.

De weeding and deepening of tank toensure retention of water for a longerperiod and provision of employmentunder MGNREGP

(ii) Changes in water qualityRegular monitoring of water qualityparameters and application of

Immediate harvesting or changingthe water quality by application of

Removal of top layer, deep ploughingof tank and application of lime

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geolites, soil probiotics, etc tomaintain water qaulity

sanitisers.

B. Aquaculture

(i) Shallow water in ponds due toinsufficient rains/inflow

Crop holiday or going for stocking ofyearlings by reducing the densityaccording to availability of water

Harvesting of fish and leaving thepond fallow till next season

Removal of top layer, deep ploughingof tank and application of lime

(ii) Impact of salt load build up inponds / change in water quality

Stocking of salinity tolerant fish /shrimp, application of geolites andother buffers

Frenquent change of water withfresh water

Frequent draining of the pond withfresh water, removal of top layers

(iii) Any other

2) Floods

A. Capture NA

Marine NA

Inland(i) Average compensation paid due toloss of human life

Shifting the people from low lyingareas to relief camps

Deployment of specially trainedpersons for rescue operations by

providing life bouys, jackets, ropes,boats, etc Payment sufficient ex-gratia to thefamilies(ii) No. of boats / nets/damaged Shifting and relocating boats and nets

to safer places when warnings areissued, to avoid fishing, etc

Shifting and relocating boats andnets to safer places

Assessment of damages to boats andnets and provision of boats and netsfor restoration of livelihoods

(iii) No.of houses damaged Avoidance of construction of housesin flood prone ares, construction ofpucca houses at elevated places, Shifting of people by relief boats

to the relief camps

Assessment of damages to houses andprovision of compensation in case ofpartial damage and sanction houseunder existing schemes

(iv) Loss of stock Avoidance of surface species likecatla, silver carp since they arevulnerable in tanks prone to floods,erection of nets across the spill way orjust beyond it Erection of nets at spill ways Taking up compensatory stocking

(v) Changes in water qualityWhen dissolved oxygen levels godown, aerators, recirculation of

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water, etc are to be attempted tomaintain DO levels, going forpartial harvest, etc

(vi) Health and diseases Sometimes there may be heavyaccumulation of nutrients and organicmatter.

There may be break out ofHeamorrhagic septicimea. Additionof antibiotics like Chloro TetraCycline or Oxy Tetra Cycline tothe feed to constrol the disease

Removal of weeds, top layer of soil,deep ploughing of tank andapplication of lime, exposing to sunlight

B. Aquaculture

(i) Inundation with flood water Raising and rivetting the bunds,construction of spill way to releaseexcess water, erection of nets to avoidescape of fish

Continuous pumping of excesswater, erection of nets low lyingareas

Strengthening of bunds, excavatingchannels along the sides of the pondsfor free escape of water

(ii) Water continuation and changes inwater quality

When dissolved oxygen levels godown, aerators, recirculation ofwater, etc are to be attempted tomaintain DO levels, going forpartial harvest, etc

(iii) Health and diseasesSometimes there may be heavyaccumulation of nutrients and organicmatter.

There may be break out ofHeamorrhagic septicimea. Additionof antibiotics like Chloro TetraCycline or Oxy Tetra Cycline tothe feed to constrol the disease

Removal of weeds, top layer of soil,deep ploughing of tank andapplication of lime, exposing to sunlight

(iv) Loss of stock and inputs (feed,chemicals etc)

Advance erection of nets,strengthening of bunds where they areprone to breaches, harvesting orreducing the density

Suspension of feeding, applicationof organic manures

Compensatory stocking, assessmentof values and payment of subsidy oninputs

(v) Infrastructure damage (pumps,aerators, huts etc)

Insuring pond, accessories, etc.,Shifting of aerators, pumps soon afterwarnigs are issued

Relocating pumps, aerators toelevated places

Assessment of damages and provisionof them on subsidy

(vi) Any other

3. Cyclone / Tsunami

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A. Capture

Marine

(i) Average compensation paid due toloss of fishermen lives

Avoidance of fishing, preventingfishermen from venturing into sea,carrying of safety equipment andVHF sets, shifting fishermen fromvulnerable areas to relief camps, etc

To ensure the return of fishingboats on long voyages, provision ofinformation on such boats to coastGuard

Payment sufficient ex-gratia to thefamilies

(ii) Avg. no. of boats / nets/damaged

Avoidance of fishing when warningsare issued, shifting of boats and netsto safe places

Shifting and relocating boats andnets to safer places

Assessment of damages to boats andnets and provision of boats and netsfor restoration of livelihoods

(iii) Avg. no. of houses damaged

Avoidance of houses in CoastalRegulation Zone, designing of housesto withstand impact of turbulent windand water

Shifting of people by relief boatsto the relief camps

Assessment of damages to houses andprovision of compensation in case ofpartial damage and sanction houseunder existing schemes

Inland

Erection of protective nets acroos thesurplus weir to prevent fish loss dueto overflows

Continuous monitoring to preventor minimise escape of fish alongwith surplus water Compensatory stocking of seed

B. Aquaculture

(i) Overflow / flooding of ponds

The design of the pond must be insuch a manner as to bail out surpluswater and to prevent loss of stanidngcrop

Continuous monitoring to preventor minimise escape of fish alongwith surplus water Compensatory stocking of seed

(ii) Changes in water quality (freshwater / brackish water ratio)

Recircualtion water to repleish andensure sufficient dissolved oxygenlevels in the pond. Maintenance of

salinity levels by pumping in waterfrom creecks. Continuation of the same process.

Restoration of physical and chemicalparameters(iii) Health and diseases

Removal of stress causing factors tomaintain the health of the animal

Removal of stress causing factorsto maintain the health of the animal

(iv) Loss of stock and inputs (feed,chemicals etc)

Preventive nets must be erected tominimise loss of stock Continuation of the same process. Compensatory stocking of seed

(v) Infrastructure damage (pumps, Pumps, aerators, etc must be protected To avoid use of aerators, pumps Overhauling of the eqipment to

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aerators, shelters/huts etc) by moving them to safe locations and other appliances prevent from being damaged

(vi) Any other

4. Heat wave and cold wave NA

A. Capture

Marine

Inland

B. Aquaculture

(i) Changes in pond environment(water quality)

(ii) Health and Disease management

(iii) Any other

ka5-koppal 31.1.2011

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