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122

Chapter-V

PROFILE OF THE KOPPAL DISTRICT

5.1 Introduction:

The development process is influenced by numerous factors such as physical,

demographic, socio and economic etc. Therefore, it is essential to describe the

background of the Koppal district with reference to the previously mentioned factors

to analyse finances of the Panchayats in the district. This chapter presents a brief

profile of the Koppal district in Karnataka state.

Map-1: Karnataka State Map

123

Map-2: Koppal District Map

5.2 Location and Boundaries:

Koppal, a newborn district of Karnataka state, carved out of Raichur district,

came into existence on 01-04-1998. It is situated between 150 17' to 16

0 10' North

latitude and 750 45’ to 76

0 45’ East longitude. It is known to be a backward district

among the northern part of the state and situated in the old Hyderabad Karnataka

region.

The North-East of the district is surrounded by Raichur district, East by Gadag

district, South by Bellary district and South-East by Bagalkot district. The Koppal

district headquarters is closest to the world heritage Hampi. It consists of four talukas

namely Koppal, Gangavathi, Kushtagi and Yelburga.

Gangavathi taluk is bounded by Sindhanur taluk of Raichur district and

Kushtagi in the North, Raichur and Bellary districts in the East, Hospet taluk of

124

Bellary district in the South, Koppal and Yelburga talukas in the West. As a part of

Koppal district Gangavathi taluk lies within North latitude 15o 09' 00" to 16

o 03' 30"

and East longitude 75 o 47' 30" to 76

o 48' 10".

Yelburga taluk is surrounded by Kushtagi, Gangavathi and Koppal talukas in

the North and Gadag district in the South. The taluk lies between North latitude

15o.10’ to 16

o.05’ and East longitude 75

o.46’ to 76

o.47’.

5.3 Historical Background of the District:

The history of Koppal can be traced back to the kingdoms of Shathavahanas,

Gangas, Hoysalas and Chalukya Dynasties. The name of the district i.e., "Koppal" is

found in the poetic work of the great poet Kavirajamarga (During King Nrupathunga's

time of 814-878 A.D.) as “Viditha Maha Kopana Nagara.” During Ashoka's period,

the Jainism gained greater momentum in this region. Therefore, it was called

"Jainkashi." In twelfth century A.D. Veerashaivaism of social reformer Basaveshwara

became popular. The present Gavi Math of Koppal has great attraction.

Anegundi of Gangavathi taluk was the first capital of great Vijayanagara

Dynasty. The old palace and fort still exist where annual festival called "Anegundi

Utsava" is being celebrated in a befitting manner every year. The other important

historical places of Koppal district are Itagi, Kukanoor, Madinoor, Indrakeela

Parvatha, Kanakagiri, Pura, Chikkabenakal, Hirebenakal and Huligi.

Before independence, Koppal was under the Nizam of Hyderabad. India got

independence on 15th August 1947, since Koppal was part of Hyderabad region, the

people of the region had to struggle further to attain independence from the clutches

of Hyderabad Nizam. On 18th September 1948, the Hyderabad-Karnataka region got

independence from Nizam. Since then until 01-04-1998, Koppal district was in

Raichur district of Gulbarga revenue division. On 01-04-1998, Koppal district

consisting of four taluks viz. Koppal, Gangavathi, Kushtagi and Yelburga came into

being.

125

5.4 Salient Features of the District

5.4. (i) Soil:

The Koppal district is having partly red sandy and black soil suitable for

agriculture and horticulture crops. Majority of Gangavathi taluk is having black soil.

The taluk is also having very few hills with xerophilous vegetation. The partly red

sandy soil and black soil of mixed geographical origin are found in the Yelburga

taluk.

5.4. (ii) Rivers:

The Tungabhadra river is formed by union of two rivers, viz., the Tunga and

the Bhadra, both of which rise at Gangamula in the Varaha Parvata of the Western

Ghats. This is also a perennial river, very deep in certain places and almost

unaffordable even in the dry season. This river enters the district near Kesalapur

village at the south-western tip of Koppal taluk. The general slope of the land in the

district being north-west to south-east, the Tungabhadra has a large number of rivulets

and streams serving as tributaries. However, none of these streams is of any great

importance by itself and they generally go dry during the summer. There is

Tungabhadra reservoir at Munirabad, which is in the border of Koppal taluk.

Downstream of Tungabhadra dam, Tungabhadra River flows in the south-east border

of Gangavathi taluk; Yelburga taluk does not have river.

5.4. (iii) Climate and Rainfall:

The Koppal district comes under the north dry agro climatic zone. The climate

of the district is very hot and dry. Hot season starts from middle of the February to

end of May. South-west monsoon ranges from June to end of September. Post

monsoon is furing in the months of October and November. Cold season is from

December to middle of February. The normal rainfall of the district is 571.92 mm and

rainy days are 40. However, during 2008 actual average rainfall was 557.70 mm and

rainy days were 32 (see table-5.1).

126

Table-5.1: Distribution of Rainfall in Koppal District

(As on 31-03-2009)

Sl.

No. Taluk

Normal Rainfall

(mm)

Actual Average

Rainfall (mm)

(2008)

Average Rainy Days

Normal

(1901-70)

Actual

(2008)

1 Gangavathi 523.20 453.70 31 25

2 Koppal 599.90 573.30 47 37

3 Kushtagi 571.40 611.50 37 40

4 Yelburga 593.20 592.20 43 29

5 District Total 571.92 557.70 40 32

Source: Koppal District at a Glance, 2008-09.

The day temperature of Gangavathi taluk varies from 29o C in the winter to

42o C in the summer. The normal rainfall in the taluk has been 523.20 mm and normal

rainy days are 31 days. However, during 2008 the actual rainfall has been less than

the normal rainfall i.e., 453.70 mm. As for Yelburga taluk, the temperature is

minimum 26o

C to 28o

C during November and December; maximum 42o

C to 44o

C

during April and May. The normal rainfall has been 593.20 mm.

5.4. (iv) Area and Population:

Koppal district has a geographical area of 5559 sq. kms and total population of

1196089. The table-5.2 provides taluk-wise area and population of the district

according to 2001 census.

As shown in the table-5.2 total population of the district is 1196089. Out of

this, male population is 603312 (50.45 per cent) and female population is 592777

(49.55 per cent). Among the all talukas, highest population is in Gangavathi taluk i.e.,

406334 (33.97 per cent), next comes Koppal taluk i.e., 314051 (26.26 per cent). The

lowest population is in Yelburga taluk i.e., 236373 (19.76 per cent).

The population of the district has been predominantly scattered over the rural

belt. Though the villages have been densely populated, the district as a whole has

127

been populated sparsely. The vast majority of the people of the district hail from the

rural sector. The rural and the traditional character of the population has been the

hallmark of the whole district. Out of the total population, 997797 (83.42%) from

rural area and 198292 (16.58%) from urban area. Highest and lowest rural population

is found in Yelburga and Gangavathi talukas respectively in the district.

Table-5.2: Area and Population of Koppal District

(According to 2001 Census)

Sl.

No

.

Ta

luk

Are

a (

sq.

km

s)

Ma

le

Fem

ale

To

tal

Ru

ral

Urb

an

To

tal

Den

sity

Per

sq

. k

ms

Sex

Ra

tio

Per

10

00

Men

Literacy

Rate

(%)

Ma

le

Fem

ale

To

tal

1

Ga

ng

av

ath

i

1328

(23.89)

204356

(50.29)

201978

(49.71)

406334

(33.97)

304942

(75.05)

101392

(24.95)

406334

(33.97) 305 988 65.9 40.3 53.1

2

Ko

pp

al

1375

(24.74)

159071

(50.65)

154980

(49.35)

314051

(26.26)

249776

(79.53)

64275

(20.47)

314051

(26.26) 228 974 71.4 44.0 57.8

3

Ku

shta

gi

1366

(24.57)

120621

(50.40)

118710

(49.60)

239331

(20.01)

218148

(91.15)

21183

(8.85)

239331

(20.01) 175 984 67.7 34.6 51.3

4

Yel

bu

rga

1490

(26.80)

119264

(50.46)

117109

(49.54)

236373

(19.76)

224931

(95.16)

11442

(4.84)

236373

(19.76) 159 982 69.7 37.6 53.7

5

Dis

tric

t T

ota

l

5559

(100)

603312

(50.45)

592777

(49.55)

1196089

(100)

997797

(83.42)

198292

(16.58)

1196089

(100) 216 982 68.4 39.6 54.1


Note: Figures in bracket indicate percentage to the respective totals.

The density of population in the Koppal district is 216 per sq. km., which is

lower than the state average of 276 per sq. km. The sex ratio of the Koppal district is

982, which is higher than state average of 965. Among the all talukas of the district,

128

Gangavathi taluk has a highest sex ratio i.e., 988 and Koppal taluk has a lowest sex

ratio i.e., 974.

Literacy rate is an index of the development of education. The literacy rate and

levels of educational attainment of the population refers to the number of children

studying in various courses and associated indicators. Koppal district comes under the

list of backward districts and also has the lowest literacy level. The literacy rate of the

district as per 1991 census was 35.96%. However, this was far below the literacy rate

of the whole state of Karnataka that was 56.04%. With this poor background,

relentless efforts were made to introspect for the low literacy rate and ever since then

developmental programmes were initiated with all seriousness and earnestness

towards the up-liftment in the field of education. One such programme was the

District Primary Education Programme (DPEP), which was successfully launched and

was pursued to the benefit of the children. Since the inception of the DPEP in 1994-

1995 in the district, the rate of literacy is showing upward trend and is yielding

positive results. The literacy rate of the district as per 2001 census is 54.10%. Once

again one has to bear in mind that the overall literacy rate of the state is remarkably

higher i.e., 66.60%. Out of total literacy rate of the district, male literacy rate consists

68.40% and female literacy rate consists 39.60%, which are comparatively less than

the state literary rate i.e., 76.10% and 56.90% respectively. Male literary rate is higher

than female literacy rate in the all four blocks.

5.4 (v) Work Participation Rate:

The work participation rate is defined as percentage of total worker to total

population. According to 2001 census, the working population of Koppal district is

47.07% of the total population. The main worker population comprises of 35.65% of

the total population and 11.42% is the marginal workers. The non-working population

of the district is 52.93%. The highest and lowest working population is found in

Yelburga and Gangavathi talukas respectively. These revelations are presented in the

table-5.3.

129

Table-5.3

Percentage of Working Population to Total Population in Koppal District


Sl.

No Taluk

Main

Workers

Marginal

Workers

Working

Population

(3+4)

Non-Workers Total

(5+6)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 Gangavathi 33.00 10.10 43.10 56.90 100

2 Koppal 36.10 8.80 44.90 55.10 100

3 Kushtagi 34.90 12.70 47.60 52.40 100

4 Yelburga 38.60 14.10 52.70 47.30 100

5 District Total 35.65 11.42 47.07 52.93 100

Source: Census of India-2001, Series-30, Directorate of Census Operations, Karnataka, 2005, p.5.

5.4 (vi) Occupational Structure:

The analysis of the occupational structure indicates that the district is still

economically backward with a large proportion of population engaged in agriculture.

The following table-5.4 provides the occupational structure in the district according to

2001 census.

Table-5.4: Occupational Structure in Koppal District (Percentage)


Sl.

No. Taluk Cultivators

Agricultural

Labourers

Household

Industries Others Total

1 Gangavathi 23.20 45.40 2.30 29.10 100

2 Koppal 25.30 39.60 4.40 30.70 100

3 Kushtagi 41.60 36.90 4.00 17.50 100

4 Yelburga 35.90 46.30 2.90 14.90 100

5 District Total 31.50 42.05 3.40 23.05 100

Source: Census of India-2001, Series-30, Directorate of Census Operations, Karnataka, 2005, p.5.

Out of the total working population, 31.50% and 42.05% are cultivators and

agricultural labourers respectively. The workers population in the district indicates

that cultivators and agricultural labourers dominate the total working population.

130

5.4 (vii) Land Utilisation Pattern:

It shows the area of hectares of land used for different purposes. The land

utilisation pattern of the Koppal district can realise by the following table-5.5.

Table-5.5: Land Utilisation Pattern of Koppal District in Hectares

(During 2008-09)

Sl.

No

.

Ta

luk

Geo

gra

ph

ica

l

Are

a

Fo

rest

No

n-

Ag

ricu

ltu

ral

La

nd

Ba

rren

La

nd

Cu

ltiv

ab

le

Wa

ste L

an

d

Per

ma

nen

t

Pa

stu

re

Tre

es &

Gro

ves

Cu

rren

t

Fa

llo

w

Are

a S

ow

n

1 Gangavathi 132131 14482 7680 4651 560 7193 0 25445 72120

2 Koppal 136755 10779 20401 6790 430 1486 210 8970 87689

3 Kushtagi 135779 4110 7626 2361 811 3898 0 26294 90679

4 Yelburga 147830 80 3163 2825 767 2098 0 30419 108478

5 District Total 552495 29451 38870 16627 2568 14675 210 91128 358966


The total geographical area of Koppal district is 552495 hectares. Land not

available for cultivation is 193529 hectares i.e., 35.03 per cent. Area sown is 358966

hectares i.e., 64.97 per cent.

5.5 Resources in the District

5.5 (i) Agriculture:

Agriculture is the main resource of the Koppal district. Agriculture has played

an important role in the economic development of the district and it is bound to be a

prominent sector in the overall development of the district. Agriculture in the district

is dependent upon rainfall, irrigation tanks, wells, streams etc. Agriculture in

Gangavathi taluk is dependent mainly on Tungabhadra canal irrigation; while in

Koppal, Kushtagi and Yelburga taluk is dependent mainly on rainfall, tanks, wells etc.

In Gangavathi taluk, Paddy is the prominent crop occupying 43.14% of total

sown area due to availability of irrigation facilities. During Kharif season major crops

131

like Paddy, Jowar, and Maize are grown. During Rabi season major crops are Paddy

and Jowar. In summer season crops like Groundnut, Sunflower and Vegetables are

grown with the help of irrigation.

In Yelburga taluk during Kharif season major crops like Wheat, Jowar, Maize,

Paddy, Pulses are grown. During Rabi season Jowar, Bajra, Sunflower, Groundnut

and Cotton are grown. In summer season crops like Groundnut, Sunflower and

Vegetables are grown with the help of irrigation. Cotton is the cash crop grown in the

taluk. Agriculture in Yelburga taluk is mainly dependent on rainfall, wells etc. Low

level of ground water and alkaline are the major obstacle for the agriculture in the

taluk. There is restriction for new bore wells and the entire taluk is declared as “Grey

Area” for agriculture.

5.5 (ii) Horticulture:

The district comes under northern dry zone; the climatological factors are very

much suitable for growing the horticulture crops. Nowadays horticulture plays

prominent role in the local occupation of the district. The data available during the

2003-04 the district is having an area of about 14329 hectare with production of 2.3

lakhs tones of horticulture crops.

Gangavathi taluk falls under north dry zone with black soil is favourable for

growing horticultural crops like Mango, Pomegranate, Banana, Sapota, Grapes etc.

There is wide scope for growing horticulture produce unless marketing conditions and

cold storage facilities have to be improved. The horticultural crops like Mango,

Banana, Pomegranate, Watermelon, Sapota, Grapes, Tomato, Ladies finger, Onion,

Gourd varieties are grown in the taluk. Fruits are grown in an area of 622 hectares and

Vegetables are grown in an area of 3046 hectares during the 2003-04.

As for Yelburga taluk, the farmers are not coming forward to increase

(774 hectares during 2003-04) the area under horticultural crops due to the absence of

suitable marketing and cold storage facilities. The horticultural crops like

132

Pomegranate, Lemon and Grapes are grown in the taluk. Fruits are grown in an area

of 362 hectares and Vegetables are grown in an area of 412 hectares during the

2003-04.

The farmers of the district are very much interested in adopting hi-tech

horticulture. Specially, green house cultivation of vegetables and growing flowers

under controlled conditions, keeping export point in mind. In addition, the farmers are

adopting hi-tech water management facilities specially, drip irrigation and sprinkler

irrigation. The district is having an area of 435 hectares under oil palm crop

distributed at Kavalur, Hirebidnal, Hiresindogi and Irkalgad villages.

5.5 (iii) Forest:

Forest area of the district is very insignificant due to rocky hills and

mountains. There is no wild life in the district. The major types of species found in the

forest are Neem, Tamarind, Eucalyptus, Honge, Acacia arculiforms, Casium species

etc. The Gangavathi taluk possesses forest area of 14482 hectares which is about

10.96% of the total geographical area; the Yelburga taluk possesses forest only area of

80 hectares which is very meager about 0.05% of the total geographical area (see

table-5.5).

5.5 (iv) Irrigation:

Irrigation plays an important role in the agriculture development. Most part of

the district is located in the semi arid zone, irrigation plays crucial role. The water

resources available in the district are in forms of tanks, wells, bore wells, canals

(Tungabhadra canal) and other sources.

A total of 62537 hectares of area is irrigated in Gangavathi taluk, majority

46371 hectares of area is irrigated by canals and 14826 hectares of area is irrigated by

bore wells. As for Yelburga taluk, a total of 17762 hectares of area is irrigated,

majority 17710 hectares of area is irrigated by Bore wells, 52 hectares of area is

irrigated by tanks (see table-5.6).

133

Table-5.6

Source-Wise Net Irrigated Area of Koppal District in Hectares

(As on 31-03-2009)

Sl.

No. Taluk Canals Tanks Wells

Bore

Wells

Lift

Irrigation

Other

Sources Total

1 Gangavathi 46371 75 0 14826 0 1265 62537

2 Koppal 8119 13 0 18623 1340 0 28095

3 Kushtagi 0 977 0 13580 0 0 14557

4 Yelburga 0 52 0 17710 0 0 17762

5 District Total 54490 1117 0 64739 1340 1265 122951


5.5 (v) Minerals:

Koppal district is bountifully blessed with plenty of mineral resources and it is

considered to be a prosperous district. Iron ores are found in old mines in Kushtagi

taluk, but the Iron available here contains only 20% - 40% of Iron. The Quartz quarry

that is traced near Tavarageri in Kushtagi taluk is found to be good in preparation of

‘Ferro-Silicon’. Quartz is also found near Alla nagar in Koppal taluk. Quartz is

available in plenty that is mainly used in the manufacture of glass. Franchsite and

Quartzite of very good quality, which is used for Mosaic tiles, is available in

Bailakampur in Gangavathi taluk. Red Granite is found near Huligere and Purtagere

in Kushtagi taluk. Granite of superior quality is available in and around Kukanoor in

Yelburga taluk. Madinoor in Koppal taluk and Koodlur in Kushtagi are known for

soapstone, which is used as filler in the manufacture of pesticides.

5.5 (vi) Industries:

Like the districts of northern Karnataka, Koppal is also industrially backward

district. Recently many measures have been taken to encourage the small

entrepreneurs to establish industries, which is next to agriculture in providing

employment to the people of the district. The table-5.7 reveals the number of

industrial units situated in the district.

134

Table-5.7

No. of Industrial Units in Koppal District

(As on 31-03-2008)

Sl.

No. Taluk

Small Scale

Industries

Medium Scale

Industries

Large Scale

Industries

1 Gangavathi 79 03 00

2 Koppal 72 11 02

3 Kushtagi 36 01 00

4 Yelburga 38 00 00

5 District Total 225 15 02


In Koppal district, there are 225 small scale, 15 medium scale and 02 large

scale industries. As per the statistics available for 2007-08, small scale industries

dominate in the industrial structure of the district. There is lack of medium and large

scale industries. Agro-based industries dominate in the industrial structure of the

district. As many as 145 Rice mills are situated in the Gangavathi taluk.

5.6 Socio-Economic Infrastructure

Infrastructural facilities play pivotal role in economic development. The tables

from 5.8 to 5.13 give a bird’s-eye view of infrastructural facilities available in the district as

on 31-03-2009.

5.6 (i) Transport:

The present position of transport in the Koppal district is presented in the table-

5.8. Gangavathi and Kushtagi talukas does not possess any railway line either broad

gauge or meter gauge. The Munirabad railway station is nearest to Koppal.

Gangavathi taluk is having 196 kms of state highway, 155 kms of major district roads

and 656 kms of village roads and 815 kms of other roads – a total length of 1822 kms.

The length of railway route is 18 kms in Yelburga taluk. The taluk does not

have good road facilities. Total length of roads in the taluk is 1864 kms of which 41

135

kms national highway, 179 kms state highway, 140 kms major district roads, 737 kms

village roads and 767 kms other roads.

Table-5.8: Railway and Road Length in Koppal District (kms)

(As on 31-3-2009)

Sl.

No. Taluk

Railway

Route

Length

Road Length (kms)

National

Highway

State

Highway

Major

District

Roads

Village

Roads

Other

Roads Total

1 Gangavathi Nil 0 196 155 656 815 1822

2 Koppal 34 57 143 155 674 928 1957

3 Kushtagi Nil 24 193 186 766 879 2048

4 Yelburga 18 41 179 140 737 767 1864

5 District Total 52 122 711 636 2833 3389 7691


Note: Other roads comprise of Municipality roads, Panchayat roads, Irrigation dept. roads and Forest roads.

The airstrip facility is located at Ginigera in Koppal taluk between Koppal and

Munirabad. This airstrip is being used and managed at present by M/s MSPL. The

available airstrip can operate small planes with 12-seat capacity.

5.6 (ii) Communication:

The present position of communication in the Koppal district is presented in the

following table-5.9.

Table-5.9: No. of Means of Communication in Koppal District

(As on 31-03-2009)

Sl.

No. Taluk

Post Offices Telegraphic

Offices

Telephone

Exchange

Offices

Telephones Main Branch

1 Gangavathi 11 51 1 21 11475

2 Koppal 11 45 1 23 9095

3 Kushtagi 6 52 0 8 3765

4 Yelburga 3 40 0 10 3512

5 District Total 31 188 2 62 27847


136

In Gangavathi taluk, there are 62 post offices, 01 telegraphic office, 21

telephone exchange offices and 11475 telephones in use. The mobile network is also

available in the major portion of the taluk. Overall communication facility in the taluk

is good.

In Yelburga taluk, there are 43 post offices, 10 telephone exchange offices and

3512 telephones in use. The mobile network is also available in the major portion of

the taluk. Overall communication facility in the taluk is average.

5.6 (iii) Education:

Different forms of educational institutions available in the Koppal district are

presented in the following table-5.10.

Table-5.10

No. of Educational Institutions in Koppal District

(As on 31-03-2009)

Sl.

No

.

Ta

luk

No

’s o

f P

rim

ary

Sch

oo

ls

No

’s o

f H

igh

Sch

oo

ls

No

’s o

f P

re-

Un

iver

sity

Co

lleg

es

No

’s o

f G

ener

al

Deg

ree

Co

lleg

es

Med

ica

l C

oll

eges

(in

clu

din

g A

llo

pa

thic

&

Ind

ian

Sy

stem

of

Med

icin

es)

Po

lyte

ch

nic

Co

lleg

es

En

gin

eeri

ng

Co

lleg

es

Den

tal

Co

lleg

es

Lib

rari

es

1 Gangavathi 450 73 16 5 0 0 0 0 39

2 Koppal 304 55 17 6 1 1 0 0 36

3 Kushtagi 245 40 10 1 0 1 0 0 28

4 Yelburga 213 49 15 2 0 1 0 0 37

5 District

Total 1212 217 58 14 1 3 0 0 140


In Gangavathi taluk, there are 450 primary schools, 73 high schools, 05 degree

colleges. With respect to Yelburga taluk, there are 213 primary schools, 49 high

schools, 02 degree colleges, 01 polytechnic college. There is 01 Navodaya school in

137

Kukanoor of Yelburga taluk. As for education specialties, Gangavathi taluk is better

placed than Yelburga taluk.

5.6 (iv) Health:

The following table-5.11 presents the number of various types of health

intuitions available in the Koppal district.

Table-5.11

No. of Health Institutions in Koppal District

(As on 31-03-2009)

Sl.

No

.

Ta

luk

All

op

ath

ic

Ho

spit

als

Ind

ian

Sy

stem

of

Med

icin

e

Ho

spit

als

Pri

va

te

Ho

spit

als

Pri

ma

ry

Hea

lth

Cen

ters

Pri

ma

ry

Hea

lth

Un

its

Co

mm

un

ity

Hea

lth

Cen

ters

Dis

pen

sari

es

Fa

mil

y

Wel

fare

Cen

ters

Su

b-

Cen

ters

1 Gangavathi 1 10 38 10 0 3 9 10 53

2 Koppal 1 4 12 11 0 1 2 11 44

3 Kustagi 1 2 3 8 0 1 2 8 37

4 Yelburga 1 2 3 11 0 3 3 11 40

5 District Total 4 18 56 40 0 8 16 40 174


There are 4 government allopathic hospitals in the district with a total of 210

beds capacity, 56 private hospitals, 40 primary health centers with a total of 240 beds

capacity, 8 community health centers with a total of 240 beds capacity, 40 family

welfare centers and 174 sub-centers.

5.6 (v) Trade, Commerce and Marketing:

The Agriculture Produce Marketing Committee (APMC) has been the major

trader of the agriculture produce in the district. The table-5.12 presents a brief profile

of APMCs in the district.

There are 17 regulated markets in the district. The quantum of trade in

Gangavathi APMC crosses Rs. 889.34 crores. This APMC is the second largest in the

138

state. The quantum of trade in Koppal APMC crosses Rs. 69.08 crores. The quantum

of trade in Kushtagi APMC crosses Rs. 27.67 crores. The quantum of trade in

Yelburga APMC crosses Rs. 8.68 crores.

Table-5.12: No. of Regulated Markets in Koppal District (APMCs)

(As on 31-03-2009)

Sl.

No.

No.

Taluk Main Sub Total Turnover

(Rs. in Crores)

1 Gangavathi 1 4 5 889.34

2 Koppal 1 3 4 69.08

3 Kushtagi 1 2 3 27.67

4 Yelburga 1 4 5 8.68

5 District Total 4 13 17 994.77


5.6 (vi) Banking:

Banking is the backbone for agriculture, industry, trade, commerce and for

successful promotion of self-employment among the educated persons. The credit is

considered as the life-blood among the inputs of production activities. The financial

institutions that are banks supply the credit. Hence, growth of banking facilities plays

an important role in providing credit to the needy persons. The following table-5.13

presents brief profile of banking sector in the district.

Table-5.13: No. of Banks in Koppal District

(As on 31-3-2009)

Sl.

No. Taluk

Commercial

Banks

Grameena

Banks Total Deposits (Rs. in Lakhs)

Total Credit (Rs. in Lakhs)

Credit

Deposit

Ratio

1 Gangavathi 22 14 40155 68870 171

2 Koppal 16 11 46877 32198 69

3 Kushtagi 6 8 14549 9858 68

4 Yelburga 5 9 12355 10010 81

5 District Total 49 42 113936 120936 389


139

The 49 branches of different commercial banks, 42 grameena banks, and 554

various types of co-operative banks spread across the district. The aggregate

outstanding deposits amounted to Rs. 113936 lakhs; while the aggregate outstanding

loans stood at Rs. 120936 lakhs. As for the banking sector the district is very under

developed. This dismal scenario is despite of the forty years of nationalisation of

banks. A very high accelerated growth of the banking sector is required if this district

is to catch-up with other districts of the state in development.

There are 22 branches of commercial banks and 14 branches of grameena

banks in the Gangavathi taluk. As on 31-03-2009, Rs. 40155 lakhs was the amount of

total deposits and Rs. 68870 lakhs was the total credit.

There are 05 branches of commercial banks and 09 branches of grameena

banks in the Yelburga taluk. Total amount deposited was Rs. 12355 lakhs and a total

advance was Rs. 10010 lakhs.

5.7 Special Features of the District

5.7 (i) Handicrafts by Kinnal Artisans:

Beautiful wooden idols, toys and theatrical equipments are manufacturing at

Kinnal, an interior village about eight miles from Koppal railway station. There are

about twenty families of the 'Chitragar' community engaged in this cottage industry.

Certain varieties of softwood known as Pallaki Katgi and Yelgatti are using to

produce these articles. The articles produced are of exquisite quality and finish. The

entire work, which is done with modest tools, requires a high degree of artisanship.

There are many human hair-processing units at Bhagyanagar.

5.7 (ii) Hand-Embroidery Industry:

Hand embroidery is practicing by a section of the ‘Khatri’ community of

Bhagyanagar, a village near to Koppal city. The embroidered pieces, done in line-

stitch and cross-stitch, depict traditional motifs of parrot, peacock, temple, various

140

flowers and animals. Artistic choli-khana fabrics, embroidered sarees and garments of

established reputation are producing there. The attractive and native motifs of

embroidery, tastefully arranged in gorgeous colour schemes are evidence of a high

degree of artisanship.

5.8 Administrative Structure of the District:

According to the Karnataka Panchayati Raj Act, 1993 three-tier system of

administration is actively working at present in the district. Zilla Panchayat, Taluka

Panchayat and Grama Panchayat are working in co-ordination with each other.

Table-5.14

Administrative Structure of Koppal District

(As on 31-03-2009)

Sl.

No

.

Ta

luk

Ho

bli

es

Gra

ma

Pa

nch

ay

ats

GP

Mem

ber

s

TP

Mem

ber

s

ZP

Mem

ber

s

Inh

ab

ited

Vil

lag

es

Un

-In

ha

bit

ed

Vil

lag

es

Rev

enu

e

Vil

lag

es

To

wn

s /

Urb

an

Ag

glo

mer

ati

on

To

wn

Pa

nch

ay

ats

1 Gangavathi 8 38 802 36 8 148 9 157 1 1

2 Koppal 4 35 662 26 7 144 7 151 2 1

3 Kushtagi 4 28 559 22 6 164 13 177 1 1

4 Yelburga 4 33 581 23 6 138 6 144 1 1

5 District Total 20 134 2604 107 27 594 35 629 5 4


The Gangavathi taluk has 8 hoblies, 148 villages, 38 Grama Panchayats;

Yelburga taluk has 4 hoblies, 138 villages, 33 Grama Panchayats.

The Zilla Panchayat forms the apex institution at the district level headed by

the Chief Executive Officer (CEO). Each of the four talukas in the Koppal district has

the Taluk Panchayat, where again the members are directly elected from the people,

and which has a similar administrative structure headed by the Executive Officer

141

(EO). At the lowest level, there are the Grama Panchayats which are having

jurisdiction over a group of villages so notified. Taluk Panchayats are the intermediate

tier of the panchayat raj institutions at the taluk level. Since 1999, certain specified

development schemes earlier executed by the Zilla Panchayat have been transferred

and delegated to the Taluk Panchayats for implementation. Grama Panchayats are the

lowest tier of panchayat raj institutions; they have responsibilities of civic

administration with independent power of taxation.

142

REFERENCES

A Hand Book of Karnataka (2001), Gazetteer Department, Bangalore, Government of

Karnataka.

Census of India 2001, District Population Booklet, Koppal, Series 30, Directorate of

Census Operations, Karnataka, 2005.

http://des.kar.nic.in

http://karnatakaindustry.gov.in/Koppal

http://www.koppal.nic.in

Karnataka at a Glance (2007-08), Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Bangalore,

Government of Karnataka.

Koppal District at a Glance, (2007-08), District Statistical Officer, Koppal.

Koppal District at a Glance, (2008-09), District Statistical Officer, Koppal.

Nanjannavar, S. S., (1999), “Karnataka Geography”, Diksuchi Prakashana, Bangalore.

www.mapsofindia.com

http://des.kar.nic.in/

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