KLYSTRON MODULATORS CHARGERS FOR CLICSklavounou Eleni

TE ndash EPC ndash FPC

KLYSTRON MODULATORS RampD OBJECTIVES Propose design solution for the modulators charging

sub-system minimizing the grid power fluctuation

Design the control strategy of capacitor chargers for minimum power fluctuation

Problematic Grid power fluctuation

VS capacitors voltage droop + current and voltage

regulation capabilities of the charger + cost + size

ChargerPulse Forming

System(PFS)

KlystronC

Ich Icdis

Vch

Ik

Vmod

Modulator

PRFPmodulatorPgrid Pcharger

Example

If we consider a constant charging current

Charger Power

Unacceptable power

fluctuation

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500Charging voltage

time [sec]

VC

ma

in [

V]

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50Constant charching current

time [sec]

I ch [

A]

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

05

1

15

2

25x 10

5 Charger Power for constant Ich

time [sec]

PC

h [

W]

Ca

paci

tor

Ch

arge

r C

R

SW

But if we want a constant charger power

Charging Current

Ideal charging current

Very high bandwidth

charger needed

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

05

1

15

2

25x 10

5 Ideal Charger Power

time [sec]

PC

h [

W]

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500Charging voltage

time [sec]

VC

ma

in [

V]

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

10

20

30

40

50

60Ideal charching current

time [sec]

I ch [

A]

If we model the capacitor charger as a 2nd order transfer function

Power Consumption

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500Charging voltage

time [sec]

VC

ma

in [

V]

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

10

20

30

40

50

60Ideal and Real charging current

time [sec]

I ch [

A]

Ideal currentReal current

005 0051 0052

42

44

46

48

50

52

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

05

1

15

2

25x 10

5 Ideal and Real power of the charger

time [sec]

PC

h [

W]

Ideal PCh

Real PCh

005 00505 0051

18

185

19

195

2

205

21

x 105

Ideal case infinite current bandwidthReal case 2kHz current bandwidth

Acceptable voltage fluctuation 5

Acceptable cosφ 098

Acceptable power fluctuation Still waiting

Calculations of fault currents

Short circuit impedances of 400 kV transformers

IN THE MEANTIMEhellip

Industrial survey about the charger (size prize)

Main capacitor bank (type size as a function of the stored energy)

Network specifications according to IEC and EDF

GET INTO THE CHARGER TOPOLOGY Internal capacitor as a second ldquofilterrdquo to

stabilize the voltage at the input of the DCDC converter

Which are the compromises between the internal capacitance and the bandwidth

AC

DC

DC

DC

C_internalC_bank

Capacitor Charger

1ST RESULTS FOR THE GRID ACTIVE POWER

For different Cint and Bandwidth of the charger

0 05 1 15 2

x 104

0

5

10

15

20

25Grid Active Power Fluctuation []

Chargers DCDC converter bandwidth [Hz]

Pg

rid [

]

Cint

=800uF Volume= 1 of a Rack

Cint

=4mF Volume= 2 of a Rack

Cint

=8mF Volume= 32 of a Rack

Cint

=80mF Volume= 25 of a Rack

Cint

=800mF Volume= 25 Racks

GET INTO THE DCDC CONVERSION TOPOLOGY We choose a buck converter in order to profit from the

linearity between the duty cycle and output voltage Verify the accuracy of the created models by comparing

the output of the transfer function modeling approach with the output of the equivalent power model considering the same input

We aim to simplify our analyses especially when considering several systems in parallel

Grid

ControlPWM

Ich Vch_main

Ich

IrefPch_av

Vch_main

1

as2+bs+1

Closed loop current bandwidth of the charger

Cm

ain

Cin

t

DC

DC

AC

DC

DC

DC

C_internalC_bank

Capacitor Charger

BUCK CONVERTER MODEL SIMULATIONSThree ldquosub-modelsrdquo (setting Iref) A Power system model with PI closing the loop

(we model the power system as 1st order transfer function ndash input D output Ich ndash and we close the loop calculating the PI parameters for the imposed closed loop characteristics)

B Buck converter represented by1st order transfer function and closing the loop with PI (no power blocks used)

C Charger as 2nd order transfer function (which is the above 1st order in closed loop with the PI)

Current researchDescribe the closed loop system as a transfer function and put this transfer function in the simplified transfer function model in order to obtain faster models to simulate several systems in parallel

StatusWe still have some difference between the power model and the transfer function based model gt We are working on it

Whatrsquos nextPower Fluctuation VS Charging Voltage

How can I slow downspeed up the charging of Cmain in order to reach always the same Vch at the end of each pulse for all the 1638 chargers

Present Future

Merci pour votre attention

At your disposal for any questions

• Klystron Modulators Chargers for CLIC
• Klystron Modulators RampD Objectives
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• If we model the capacitor charger as a 2nd order transfer funct
• In the meantimehellip
• Get into the charger topology
• 1st results for the grid active power
• Get into the DCDC conversion topology
• Buck converter model simulations
• Slide 11
• Slide 12

KLYSTRON MODULATORS RampD OBJECTIVES Propose design solution for the modulators charging

sub-system minimizing the grid power fluctuation

Design the control strategy of capacitor chargers for minimum power fluctuation

Problematic Grid power fluctuation

VS capacitors voltage droop + current and voltage

regulation capabilities of the charger + cost + size

ChargerPulse Forming

System(PFS)

KlystronC

Ich Icdis

Vch

Ik

Vmod

Modulator

PRFPmodulatorPgrid Pcharger

Example

If we consider a constant charging current

Charger Power

Unacceptable power

fluctuation

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500Charging voltage

time [sec]

VC

ma

in [

V]

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50Constant charching current

time [sec]

I ch [

A]

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

05

1

15

2

25x 10

5 Charger Power for constant Ich

time [sec]

PC

h [

W]

Ca

paci

tor

Ch

arge

r C

R

SW

But if we want a constant charger power

Charging Current

Ideal charging current

Very high bandwidth

charger needed

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

05

1

15

2

25x 10

5 Ideal Charger Power

time [sec]

PC

h [

W]

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500Charging voltage

time [sec]

VC

ma

in [

V]

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

10

20

30

40

50

60Ideal charching current

time [sec]

I ch [

A]

If we model the capacitor charger as a 2nd order transfer function

Power Consumption

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500Charging voltage

time [sec]

VC

ma

in [

V]

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

10

20

30

40

50

60Ideal and Real charging current

time [sec]

I ch [

A]

Ideal currentReal current

005 0051 0052

42

44

46

48

50

52

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

05

1

15

2

25x 10

5 Ideal and Real power of the charger

time [sec]

PC

h [

W]

Ideal PCh

Real PCh

005 00505 0051

18

185

19

195

2

205

21

x 105

Ideal case infinite current bandwidthReal case 2kHz current bandwidth

Acceptable voltage fluctuation 5

Acceptable cosφ 098

Acceptable power fluctuation Still waiting

Calculations of fault currents

Short circuit impedances of 400 kV transformers

IN THE MEANTIMEhellip

Industrial survey about the charger (size prize)

Main capacitor bank (type size as a function of the stored energy)

Network specifications according to IEC and EDF

GET INTO THE CHARGER TOPOLOGY Internal capacitor as a second ldquofilterrdquo to

stabilize the voltage at the input of the DCDC converter

Which are the compromises between the internal capacitance and the bandwidth

AC

DC

DC

DC

C_internalC_bank

Capacitor Charger

1ST RESULTS FOR THE GRID ACTIVE POWER

For different Cint and Bandwidth of the charger

0 05 1 15 2

x 104

0

5

10

15

20

25Grid Active Power Fluctuation []

Chargers DCDC converter bandwidth [Hz]

Pg

rid [

]

Cint

=800uF Volume= 1 of a Rack

Cint

=4mF Volume= 2 of a Rack

Cint

=8mF Volume= 32 of a Rack

Cint

=80mF Volume= 25 of a Rack

Cint

=800mF Volume= 25 Racks

GET INTO THE DCDC CONVERSION TOPOLOGY We choose a buck converter in order to profit from the

linearity between the duty cycle and output voltage Verify the accuracy of the created models by comparing

the output of the transfer function modeling approach with the output of the equivalent power model considering the same input

We aim to simplify our analyses especially when considering several systems in parallel

Grid

ControlPWM

Ich Vch_main

Ich

IrefPch_av

Vch_main

1

as2+bs+1

Closed loop current bandwidth of the charger

Cm

ain

Cin

t

DC

DC

AC

DC

DC

DC

C_internalC_bank

Capacitor Charger

BUCK CONVERTER MODEL SIMULATIONSThree ldquosub-modelsrdquo (setting Iref) A Power system model with PI closing the loop

(we model the power system as 1st order transfer function ndash input D output Ich ndash and we close the loop calculating the PI parameters for the imposed closed loop characteristics)

B Buck converter represented by1st order transfer function and closing the loop with PI (no power blocks used)

C Charger as 2nd order transfer function (which is the above 1st order in closed loop with the PI)

Current researchDescribe the closed loop system as a transfer function and put this transfer function in the simplified transfer function model in order to obtain faster models to simulate several systems in parallel

StatusWe still have some difference between the power model and the transfer function based model gt We are working on it

Whatrsquos nextPower Fluctuation VS Charging Voltage

How can I slow downspeed up the charging of Cmain in order to reach always the same Vch at the end of each pulse for all the 1638 chargers

Present Future

Merci pour votre attention

At your disposal for any questions

• Klystron Modulators Chargers for CLIC
• Klystron Modulators RampD Objectives
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• If we model the capacitor charger as a 2nd order transfer funct
• In the meantimehellip
• Get into the charger topology
• 1st results for the grid active power
• Get into the DCDC conversion topology
• Buck converter model simulations
• Slide 11
• Slide 12

Example

If we consider a constant charging current

Charger Power

Unacceptable power

fluctuation

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500Charging voltage

time [sec]

VC

ma

in [

V]

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50Constant charching current

time [sec]

I ch [

A]

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

05

1

15

2

25x 10

5 Charger Power for constant Ich

time [sec]

PC

h [

W]

Ca

paci

tor

Ch

arge

r C

R

SW

But if we want a constant charger power

Charging Current

Ideal charging current

Very high bandwidth

charger needed

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

05

1

15

2

25x 10

5 Ideal Charger Power

time [sec]

PC

h [

W]

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500Charging voltage

time [sec]

VC

ma

in [

V]

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

10

20

30

40

50

60Ideal charching current

time [sec]

I ch [

A]

If we model the capacitor charger as a 2nd order transfer function

Power Consumption

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500Charging voltage

time [sec]

VC

ma

in [

V]

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

10

20

30

40

50

60Ideal and Real charging current

time [sec]

I ch [

A]

Ideal currentReal current

005 0051 0052

42

44

46

48

50

52

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

05

1

15

2

25x 10

5 Ideal and Real power of the charger

time [sec]

PC

h [

W]

Ideal PCh

Real PCh

005 00505 0051

18

185

19

195

2

205

21

x 105

Ideal case infinite current bandwidthReal case 2kHz current bandwidth

Acceptable voltage fluctuation 5

Acceptable cosφ 098

Acceptable power fluctuation Still waiting

Calculations of fault currents

Short circuit impedances of 400 kV transformers

IN THE MEANTIMEhellip

Industrial survey about the charger (size prize)

Main capacitor bank (type size as a function of the stored energy)

Network specifications according to IEC and EDF

GET INTO THE CHARGER TOPOLOGY Internal capacitor as a second ldquofilterrdquo to

stabilize the voltage at the input of the DCDC converter

Which are the compromises between the internal capacitance and the bandwidth

AC

DC

DC

DC

C_internalC_bank

Capacitor Charger

1ST RESULTS FOR THE GRID ACTIVE POWER

For different Cint and Bandwidth of the charger

0 05 1 15 2

x 104

0

5

10

15

20

25Grid Active Power Fluctuation []

Chargers DCDC converter bandwidth [Hz]

Pg

rid [

]

Cint

=800uF Volume= 1 of a Rack

Cint

=4mF Volume= 2 of a Rack

Cint

=8mF Volume= 32 of a Rack

Cint

=80mF Volume= 25 of a Rack

Cint

=800mF Volume= 25 Racks

GET INTO THE DCDC CONVERSION TOPOLOGY We choose a buck converter in order to profit from the

linearity between the duty cycle and output voltage Verify the accuracy of the created models by comparing

the output of the transfer function modeling approach with the output of the equivalent power model considering the same input

We aim to simplify our analyses especially when considering several systems in parallel

Grid

ControlPWM

Ich Vch_main

Ich

IrefPch_av

Vch_main

1

as2+bs+1

Closed loop current bandwidth of the charger

Cm

ain

Cin

t

DC

DC

AC

DC

DC

DC

C_internalC_bank

Capacitor Charger

BUCK CONVERTER MODEL SIMULATIONSThree ldquosub-modelsrdquo (setting Iref) A Power system model with PI closing the loop

(we model the power system as 1st order transfer function ndash input D output Ich ndash and we close the loop calculating the PI parameters for the imposed closed loop characteristics)

B Buck converter represented by1st order transfer function and closing the loop with PI (no power blocks used)

C Charger as 2nd order transfer function (which is the above 1st order in closed loop with the PI)

Current researchDescribe the closed loop system as a transfer function and put this transfer function in the simplified transfer function model in order to obtain faster models to simulate several systems in parallel

StatusWe still have some difference between the power model and the transfer function based model gt We are working on it

Whatrsquos nextPower Fluctuation VS Charging Voltage

How can I slow downspeed up the charging of Cmain in order to reach always the same Vch at the end of each pulse for all the 1638 chargers

Present Future

Merci pour votre attention

At your disposal for any questions

• Klystron Modulators Chargers for CLIC
• Klystron Modulators RampD Objectives
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• If we model the capacitor charger as a 2nd order transfer funct
• In the meantimehellip
• Get into the charger topology
• 1st results for the grid active power
• Get into the DCDC conversion topology
• Buck converter model simulations
• Slide 11
• Slide 12

But if we want a constant charger power

Charging Current

Ideal charging current

Very high bandwidth

charger needed

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

05

1

15

2

25x 10

5 Ideal Charger Power

time [sec]

PC

h [

W]

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500Charging voltage

time [sec]

VC

ma

in [

V]

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

10

20

30

40

50

60Ideal charching current

time [sec]

I ch [

A]

If we model the capacitor charger as a 2nd order transfer function

Power Consumption

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500Charging voltage

time [sec]

VC

ma

in [

V]

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

10

20

30

40

50

60Ideal and Real charging current

time [sec]

I ch [

A]

Ideal currentReal current

005 0051 0052

42

44

46

48

50

52

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

05

1

15

2

25x 10

5 Ideal and Real power of the charger

time [sec]

PC

h [

W]

Ideal PCh

Real PCh

005 00505 0051

18

185

19

195

2

205

21

x 105

Ideal case infinite current bandwidthReal case 2kHz current bandwidth

Acceptable voltage fluctuation 5

Acceptable cosφ 098

Acceptable power fluctuation Still waiting

Calculations of fault currents

Short circuit impedances of 400 kV transformers

IN THE MEANTIMEhellip

Industrial survey about the charger (size prize)

Main capacitor bank (type size as a function of the stored energy)

Network specifications according to IEC and EDF

GET INTO THE CHARGER TOPOLOGY Internal capacitor as a second ldquofilterrdquo to

stabilize the voltage at the input of the DCDC converter

Which are the compromises between the internal capacitance and the bandwidth

AC

DC

DC

DC

C_internalC_bank

Capacitor Charger

1ST RESULTS FOR THE GRID ACTIVE POWER

For different Cint and Bandwidth of the charger

0 05 1 15 2

x 104

0

5

10

15

20

25Grid Active Power Fluctuation []

Chargers DCDC converter bandwidth [Hz]

Pg

rid [

]

Cint

=800uF Volume= 1 of a Rack

Cint

=4mF Volume= 2 of a Rack

Cint

=8mF Volume= 32 of a Rack

Cint

=80mF Volume= 25 of a Rack

Cint

=800mF Volume= 25 Racks

GET INTO THE DCDC CONVERSION TOPOLOGY We choose a buck converter in order to profit from the

linearity between the duty cycle and output voltage Verify the accuracy of the created models by comparing

the output of the transfer function modeling approach with the output of the equivalent power model considering the same input

We aim to simplify our analyses especially when considering several systems in parallel

Grid

ControlPWM

Ich Vch_main

Ich

IrefPch_av

Vch_main

1

as2+bs+1

Closed loop current bandwidth of the charger

Cm

ain

Cin

t

DC

DC

AC

DC

DC

DC

C_internalC_bank

Capacitor Charger

BUCK CONVERTER MODEL SIMULATIONSThree ldquosub-modelsrdquo (setting Iref) A Power system model with PI closing the loop

(we model the power system as 1st order transfer function ndash input D output Ich ndash and we close the loop calculating the PI parameters for the imposed closed loop characteristics)

B Buck converter represented by1st order transfer function and closing the loop with PI (no power blocks used)

C Charger as 2nd order transfer function (which is the above 1st order in closed loop with the PI)

Current researchDescribe the closed loop system as a transfer function and put this transfer function in the simplified transfer function model in order to obtain faster models to simulate several systems in parallel

StatusWe still have some difference between the power model and the transfer function based model gt We are working on it

Whatrsquos nextPower Fluctuation VS Charging Voltage

How can I slow downspeed up the charging of Cmain in order to reach always the same Vch at the end of each pulse for all the 1638 chargers

Present Future

Merci pour votre attention

At your disposal for any questions

• Klystron Modulators Chargers for CLIC
• Klystron Modulators RampD Objectives
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• If we model the capacitor charger as a 2nd order transfer funct
• In the meantimehellip
• Get into the charger topology
• 1st results for the grid active power
• Get into the DCDC conversion topology
• Buck converter model simulations
• Slide 11
• Slide 12

If we model the capacitor charger as a 2nd order transfer function

Power Consumption

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500Charging voltage

time [sec]

VC

ma

in [

V]

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

10

20

30

40

50

60Ideal and Real charging current

time [sec]

I ch [

A]

Ideal currentReal current

005 0051 0052

42

44

46

48

50

52

0 001 002 003 004 005 006 0070

05

1

15

2

25x 10

5 Ideal and Real power of the charger

time [sec]

PC

h [

W]

Ideal PCh

Real PCh

005 00505 0051

18

185

19

195

2

205

21

x 105

Ideal case infinite current bandwidthReal case 2kHz current bandwidth

Acceptable voltage fluctuation 5

Acceptable cosφ 098

Acceptable power fluctuation Still waiting

Calculations of fault currents

Short circuit impedances of 400 kV transformers

IN THE MEANTIMEhellip

Industrial survey about the charger (size prize)

Main capacitor bank (type size as a function of the stored energy)

Network specifications according to IEC and EDF

GET INTO THE CHARGER TOPOLOGY Internal capacitor as a second ldquofilterrdquo to

stabilize the voltage at the input of the DCDC converter

Which are the compromises between the internal capacitance and the bandwidth

AC

DC

DC

DC

C_internalC_bank

Capacitor Charger

1ST RESULTS FOR THE GRID ACTIVE POWER

For different Cint and Bandwidth of the charger

0 05 1 15 2

x 104

0

5

10

15

20

25Grid Active Power Fluctuation []

Chargers DCDC converter bandwidth [Hz]

Pg

rid [

]

Cint

=800uF Volume= 1 of a Rack

Cint

=4mF Volume= 2 of a Rack

Cint

=8mF Volume= 32 of a Rack

Cint

=80mF Volume= 25 of a Rack

Cint

=800mF Volume= 25 Racks

GET INTO THE DCDC CONVERSION TOPOLOGY We choose a buck converter in order to profit from the

linearity between the duty cycle and output voltage Verify the accuracy of the created models by comparing

the output of the transfer function modeling approach with the output of the equivalent power model considering the same input

We aim to simplify our analyses especially when considering several systems in parallel

Grid

ControlPWM

Ich Vch_main

Ich

IrefPch_av

Vch_main

1

as2+bs+1

Closed loop current bandwidth of the charger

Cm

ain

Cin

t

DC

DC

AC

DC

DC

DC

C_internalC_bank

Capacitor Charger

BUCK CONVERTER MODEL SIMULATIONSThree ldquosub-modelsrdquo (setting Iref) A Power system model with PI closing the loop

(we model the power system as 1st order transfer function ndash input D output Ich ndash and we close the loop calculating the PI parameters for the imposed closed loop characteristics)

B Buck converter represented by1st order transfer function and closing the loop with PI (no power blocks used)

C Charger as 2nd order transfer function (which is the above 1st order in closed loop with the PI)

Current researchDescribe the closed loop system as a transfer function and put this transfer function in the simplified transfer function model in order to obtain faster models to simulate several systems in parallel

StatusWe still have some difference between the power model and the transfer function based model gt We are working on it

Whatrsquos nextPower Fluctuation VS Charging Voltage

How can I slow downspeed up the charging of Cmain in order to reach always the same Vch at the end of each pulse for all the 1638 chargers

Present Future

Merci pour votre attention

At your disposal for any questions

• Klystron Modulators Chargers for CLIC
• Klystron Modulators RampD Objectives
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• If we model the capacitor charger as a 2nd order transfer funct
• In the meantimehellip
• Get into the charger topology
• 1st results for the grid active power
• Get into the DCDC conversion topology
• Buck converter model simulations
• Slide 11
• Slide 12

Acceptable voltage fluctuation 5

Acceptable cosφ 098

Acceptable power fluctuation Still waiting

Calculations of fault currents

Short circuit impedances of 400 kV transformers

IN THE MEANTIMEhellip

Industrial survey about the charger (size prize)

Main capacitor bank (type size as a function of the stored energy)

Network specifications according to IEC and EDF

GET INTO THE CHARGER TOPOLOGY Internal capacitor as a second ldquofilterrdquo to

stabilize the voltage at the input of the DCDC converter

Which are the compromises between the internal capacitance and the bandwidth

AC

DC

DC

DC

C_internalC_bank

Capacitor Charger

1ST RESULTS FOR THE GRID ACTIVE POWER

For different Cint and Bandwidth of the charger

0 05 1 15 2

x 104

0

5

10

15

20

25Grid Active Power Fluctuation []

Chargers DCDC converter bandwidth [Hz]

Pg

rid [

]

Cint

=800uF Volume= 1 of a Rack

Cint

=4mF Volume= 2 of a Rack

Cint

=8mF Volume= 32 of a Rack

Cint

=80mF Volume= 25 of a Rack

Cint

=800mF Volume= 25 Racks

GET INTO THE DCDC CONVERSION TOPOLOGY We choose a buck converter in order to profit from the

linearity between the duty cycle and output voltage Verify the accuracy of the created models by comparing

the output of the transfer function modeling approach with the output of the equivalent power model considering the same input

We aim to simplify our analyses especially when considering several systems in parallel

Grid

ControlPWM

Ich Vch_main

Ich

IrefPch_av

Vch_main

1

as2+bs+1

Closed loop current bandwidth of the charger

Cm

ain

Cin

t

DC

DC

AC

DC

DC

DC

C_internalC_bank

Capacitor Charger

BUCK CONVERTER MODEL SIMULATIONSThree ldquosub-modelsrdquo (setting Iref) A Power system model with PI closing the loop

(we model the power system as 1st order transfer function ndash input D output Ich ndash and we close the loop calculating the PI parameters for the imposed closed loop characteristics)

B Buck converter represented by1st order transfer function and closing the loop with PI (no power blocks used)

C Charger as 2nd order transfer function (which is the above 1st order in closed loop with the PI)

Current researchDescribe the closed loop system as a transfer function and put this transfer function in the simplified transfer function model in order to obtain faster models to simulate several systems in parallel

StatusWe still have some difference between the power model and the transfer function based model gt We are working on it

Whatrsquos nextPower Fluctuation VS Charging Voltage

How can I slow downspeed up the charging of Cmain in order to reach always the same Vch at the end of each pulse for all the 1638 chargers

Present Future

Merci pour votre attention

At your disposal for any questions

• Klystron Modulators Chargers for CLIC
• Klystron Modulators RampD Objectives
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• If we model the capacitor charger as a 2nd order transfer funct
• In the meantimehellip
• Get into the charger topology
• 1st results for the grid active power
• Get into the DCDC conversion topology
• Buck converter model simulations
• Slide 11
• Slide 12

GET INTO THE CHARGER TOPOLOGY Internal capacitor as a second ldquofilterrdquo to

stabilize the voltage at the input of the DCDC converter

Which are the compromises between the internal capacitance and the bandwidth

AC

DC

DC

DC

C_internalC_bank

Capacitor Charger

1ST RESULTS FOR THE GRID ACTIVE POWER

For different Cint and Bandwidth of the charger

0 05 1 15 2

x 104

0

5

10

15

20

25Grid Active Power Fluctuation []

Chargers DCDC converter bandwidth [Hz]

Pg

rid [

]

Cint

=800uF Volume= 1 of a Rack

Cint

=4mF Volume= 2 of a Rack

Cint

=8mF Volume= 32 of a Rack

Cint

=80mF Volume= 25 of a Rack

Cint

=800mF Volume= 25 Racks

GET INTO THE DCDC CONVERSION TOPOLOGY We choose a buck converter in order to profit from the

linearity between the duty cycle and output voltage Verify the accuracy of the created models by comparing

the output of the transfer function modeling approach with the output of the equivalent power model considering the same input

We aim to simplify our analyses especially when considering several systems in parallel

Grid

ControlPWM

Ich Vch_main

Ich

IrefPch_av

Vch_main

1

as2+bs+1

Closed loop current bandwidth of the charger

Cm

ain

Cin

t

DC

DC

AC

DC

DC

DC

C_internalC_bank

Capacitor Charger

BUCK CONVERTER MODEL SIMULATIONSThree ldquosub-modelsrdquo (setting Iref) A Power system model with PI closing the loop

(we model the power system as 1st order transfer function ndash input D output Ich ndash and we close the loop calculating the PI parameters for the imposed closed loop characteristics)

B Buck converter represented by1st order transfer function and closing the loop with PI (no power blocks used)

C Charger as 2nd order transfer function (which is the above 1st order in closed loop with the PI)

Current researchDescribe the closed loop system as a transfer function and put this transfer function in the simplified transfer function model in order to obtain faster models to simulate several systems in parallel

StatusWe still have some difference between the power model and the transfer function based model gt We are working on it

Whatrsquos nextPower Fluctuation VS Charging Voltage

How can I slow downspeed up the charging of Cmain in order to reach always the same Vch at the end of each pulse for all the 1638 chargers

Present Future

Merci pour votre attention

At your disposal for any questions

• Klystron Modulators Chargers for CLIC
• Klystron Modulators RampD Objectives
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• If we model the capacitor charger as a 2nd order transfer funct
• In the meantimehellip
• Get into the charger topology
• 1st results for the grid active power
• Get into the DCDC conversion topology
• Buck converter model simulations
• Slide 11
• Slide 12

1ST RESULTS FOR THE GRID ACTIVE POWER

For different Cint and Bandwidth of the charger

0 05 1 15 2

x 104

0

5

10

15

20

25Grid Active Power Fluctuation []

Chargers DCDC converter bandwidth [Hz]

Pg

rid [

]

Cint

=800uF Volume= 1 of a Rack

Cint

=4mF Volume= 2 of a Rack

Cint

=8mF Volume= 32 of a Rack

Cint

=80mF Volume= 25 of a Rack

Cint

=800mF Volume= 25 Racks

GET INTO THE DCDC CONVERSION TOPOLOGY We choose a buck converter in order to profit from the

linearity between the duty cycle and output voltage Verify the accuracy of the created models by comparing

the output of the transfer function modeling approach with the output of the equivalent power model considering the same input

We aim to simplify our analyses especially when considering several systems in parallel

Grid

ControlPWM

Ich Vch_main

Ich

IrefPch_av

Vch_main

1

as2+bs+1

Closed loop current bandwidth of the charger

Cm

ain

Cin

t

DC

DC

AC

DC

DC

DC

C_internalC_bank

Capacitor Charger

BUCK CONVERTER MODEL SIMULATIONSThree ldquosub-modelsrdquo (setting Iref) A Power system model with PI closing the loop

(we model the power system as 1st order transfer function ndash input D output Ich ndash and we close the loop calculating the PI parameters for the imposed closed loop characteristics)

B Buck converter represented by1st order transfer function and closing the loop with PI (no power blocks used)

C Charger as 2nd order transfer function (which is the above 1st order in closed loop with the PI)

Current researchDescribe the closed loop system as a transfer function and put this transfer function in the simplified transfer function model in order to obtain faster models to simulate several systems in parallel

StatusWe still have some difference between the power model and the transfer function based model gt We are working on it

Whatrsquos nextPower Fluctuation VS Charging Voltage

How can I slow downspeed up the charging of Cmain in order to reach always the same Vch at the end of each pulse for all the 1638 chargers

Present Future

Merci pour votre attention

At your disposal for any questions

• Klystron Modulators Chargers for CLIC
• Klystron Modulators RampD Objectives
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• If we model the capacitor charger as a 2nd order transfer funct
• In the meantimehellip
• Get into the charger topology
• 1st results for the grid active power
• Get into the DCDC conversion topology
• Buck converter model simulations
• Slide 11
• Slide 12

GET INTO THE DCDC CONVERSION TOPOLOGY We choose a buck converter in order to profit from the

linearity between the duty cycle and output voltage Verify the accuracy of the created models by comparing

the output of the transfer function modeling approach with the output of the equivalent power model considering the same input

We aim to simplify our analyses especially when considering several systems in parallel

Grid

ControlPWM

Ich Vch_main

Ich

IrefPch_av

Vch_main

1

as2+bs+1

Closed loop current bandwidth of the charger

Cm

ain

Cin

t

DC

DC

AC

DC

DC

DC

C_internalC_bank

Capacitor Charger

BUCK CONVERTER MODEL SIMULATIONSThree ldquosub-modelsrdquo (setting Iref) A Power system model with PI closing the loop

(we model the power system as 1st order transfer function ndash input D output Ich ndash and we close the loop calculating the PI parameters for the imposed closed loop characteristics)

B Buck converter represented by1st order transfer function and closing the loop with PI (no power blocks used)

C Charger as 2nd order transfer function (which is the above 1st order in closed loop with the PI)

Current researchDescribe the closed loop system as a transfer function and put this transfer function in the simplified transfer function model in order to obtain faster models to simulate several systems in parallel

StatusWe still have some difference between the power model and the transfer function based model gt We are working on it

Whatrsquos nextPower Fluctuation VS Charging Voltage

How can I slow downspeed up the charging of Cmain in order to reach always the same Vch at the end of each pulse for all the 1638 chargers

Present Future

Merci pour votre attention

At your disposal for any questions

• Klystron Modulators Chargers for CLIC
• Klystron Modulators RampD Objectives
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• If we model the capacitor charger as a 2nd order transfer funct
• In the meantimehellip
• Get into the charger topology
• 1st results for the grid active power
• Get into the DCDC conversion topology
• Buck converter model simulations
• Slide 11
• Slide 12

BUCK CONVERTER MODEL SIMULATIONSThree ldquosub-modelsrdquo (setting Iref) A Power system model with PI closing the loop

(we model the power system as 1st order transfer function ndash input D output Ich ndash and we close the loop calculating the PI parameters for the imposed closed loop characteristics)

B Buck converter represented by1st order transfer function and closing the loop with PI (no power blocks used)

C Charger as 2nd order transfer function (which is the above 1st order in closed loop with the PI)

Current researchDescribe the closed loop system as a transfer function and put this transfer function in the simplified transfer function model in order to obtain faster models to simulate several systems in parallel

StatusWe still have some difference between the power model and the transfer function based model gt We are working on it

Whatrsquos nextPower Fluctuation VS Charging Voltage

How can I slow downspeed up the charging of Cmain in order to reach always the same Vch at the end of each pulse for all the 1638 chargers

Present Future

Merci pour votre attention

At your disposal for any questions

• Klystron Modulators Chargers for CLIC
• Klystron Modulators RampD Objectives
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• If we model the capacitor charger as a 2nd order transfer funct
• In the meantimehellip
• Get into the charger topology
• 1st results for the grid active power
• Get into the DCDC conversion topology
• Buck converter model simulations
• Slide 11
• Slide 12

Current researchDescribe the closed loop system as a transfer function and put this transfer function in the simplified transfer function model in order to obtain faster models to simulate several systems in parallel

StatusWe still have some difference between the power model and the transfer function based model gt We are working on it

Whatrsquos nextPower Fluctuation VS Charging Voltage

How can I slow downspeed up the charging of Cmain in order to reach always the same Vch at the end of each pulse for all the 1638 chargers

Present Future

Merci pour votre attention

At your disposal for any questions

• Klystron Modulators Chargers for CLIC
• Klystron Modulators RampD Objectives
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• If we model the capacitor charger as a 2nd order transfer funct
• In the meantimehellip
• Get into the charger topology
• 1st results for the grid active power
• Get into the DCDC conversion topology
• Buck converter model simulations
• Slide 11
• Slide 12

Merci pour votre attention

At your disposal for any questions

• Klystron Modulators Chargers for CLIC
• Klystron Modulators RampD Objectives
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• If we model the capacitor charger as a 2nd order transfer funct
• In the meantimehellip
• Get into the charger topology
• 1st results for the grid active power
• Get into the DCDC conversion topology
• Buck converter model simulations
• Slide 11
• Slide 12