Jumpstart 12/5Jumpstart 12/5

1.1. Gametes:Gametes: For each of the genotypes presented below, For each of the genotypes presented below,

determine all of the possible haploid gametes.determine all of the possible haploid gametes. a. Rra. Rr b. RrYyb. RrYy c. RrYyBbc. RrYyBb

2. A woman is color blind. What are the 2. A woman is color blind. What are the chances that her sons will be color blind? chances that her sons will be color blind? If she is married to a man with a normal If she is married to a man with a normal vision, what are the chances that her vision, what are the chances that her daughters will be color blind? Will they be daughters will be color blind? Will they be carriers? carriers?

Human Traits, continuedHuman Traits, continued

Genetic counselors analyze how the trait Genetic counselors analyze how the trait is passed from one generation to the next. is passed from one generation to the next. They construct They construct pedigree chartspedigree charts that show that show the pattern of inheritance for a particular the pattern of inheritance for a particular condition, and show if a disorder is condition, and show if a disorder is dominantdominant or or recessiverecessive. .

Pedigree Chart Pedigree Chart

1. How many generation are there in this pedigree?2. How are females represented? Males?3. What does the shading show?4. Half shaded?5. What do the horizontal lines indicate? Vertical?6. Could you tell the genotypes of the people?

Genetic DisordersGenetic Disorders

Autosomal ( non-sex linked) Dominant- Autosomal ( non-sex linked) Dominant- individuals with alleles individuals with alleles AA or AaAA or Aa will have will have the disorder. the disorder.

Autosomal Recessive – individuals with Autosomal Recessive – individuals with alleles alleles aaaa with have the disorder. with have the disorder.

Autosomal DisordersAutosomal Disorders

Do you remember what an autosome Do you remember what an autosome was?was?

Autosomal Dominant DisordersAutosomal Dominant Disorders::- Dwarfism known as achondroplasiaDwarfism known as achondroplasia- Huntington’s diseaseHuntington’s disease

Autosomal Recessive DisordersAutosomal Recessive Disorders::- Phenylketonuria ( PKU)Phenylketonuria ( PKU)- Tay-Sachs diseaseTay-Sachs disease- Cystic FibrosisCystic Fibrosis- AlbinismAlbinism Incompletely dominant disordersIncompletely dominant disorders::- Sickle-Cell disease - Sickle-Cell disease

Ways to recognize autosomal Ways to recognize autosomal dominantdominant disorders: disorders:

Affected children usually have an affected Affected children usually have an affected parent.parent.

Two affected parents can produce an Two affected parents can produce an unaffected child.unaffected child.

Two unaffected parents will not have Two unaffected parents will not have affected children.affected children.

Inheritance Pattern I:

Ways to recognize autosomal Ways to recognize autosomal recessiverecessive disorders: disorders:

Most affected children have normal parents.Most affected children have normal parents. Two affected parents will always have Two affected parents will always have

affected children.affected children. Affected individuals with homozygous normal Affected individuals with homozygous normal

mates will have normal children.mates will have normal children.

Inheritance Pattern II:

Dominant or recessive?Dominant or recessive?

d

Dominant or recessive?Dominant or recessive?

r

Dominant or recessive?Dominant or recessive?

d

Dominant or recessive?Dominant or recessive?

r

Sex – Linked PedigreesSex – Linked Pedigrees

Y – linked (ONLY males will inherit)Y – linked (ONLY males will inherit) Male infertilityMale infertility

X – linkedX – linked HemophiliaHemophilia Red/Green Color BlindnessRed/Green Color Blindness Muscular dystrophyMuscular dystrophy

Pedigree AnalysisPedigree Analysis

http://www.knowledgene.com/public/view.php3?db=gene_school&uid=35

Activity: Creating and Analyzing a Pedigree

1.Get into your groups as indicated below:1.1, 21, 62.2, 22, 17, 123.3, 8, 104.7, 5, 19, 205.4, 14, 186.11, 16, 27, 307.9, 26, 12, 248.23, 29, 139.15, 25, 28

2.Read the instructions and complete. Do in pencil first! Think, think, think!

3.Due at the end of the period!